| left_string | del_string | ins_string | right_string | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 952922 | 0 | {st@rt} [[ de : jugoslawien ]] [[ eo : jugoslavio ]] | [[ nl : joegoslavi & euml ; ]] | [[ pl : jugos % b3awia ]] [[ fr : yougoslavie ]] < div style = " float : right " > [[ image : yugoslavia _ flag _ medium . | |
| 1198804 | 0 | {st@rt} [[ de : jugoslawien ]] [[ eo : jugoslavio ]] [[ fr : yougoslavie ]] | [[ ja : & # 12518 ; & # 12540 ; & # 12468 ; & # 12473 ; & # 12521 ; & # 12499 ; & # 12450 ; ]] | [[ nl : joegoslavi & euml ; ]] [[ pl : jugos % b3awia ]] < div style = " float : right " > [[ image : yugoslavia _ flag | |
| 1377754 | 0 | {st@rt} [[ de : jugoslawien ]] | [[ eo : jugoslavio ]] | [[ fr : yougoslavie ]] [[ ja : & # 12518 ; & # 12540 ; & # 12468 ; & # 12473 ; & # 12521 ; & # 12499 | |
| 2520319 | 0 | # 12518 ; & # 12540 ; & # 12468 ; & # 12473 ; & # 12521 ; & # 12499 ; & # 12450 ; ]] [[ nl : | [[ da : jugoslavien ]] | [[ de : jugoslawien ]] [[ fr : yougoslavie ]] [[ ja : & # 12518 ; & # 12540 ; & # 12468 ; & # 12473 ; & # | |
| 1 | 12468 ; & # 12473 ; & # 12521 ; & # 12499 ; & # 12450 ; ]] [[ nl : joegoslavi & euml ; ]] [[ pl : jugos | joegoslavië | ]] [[ pl : jugos % b3awia ]] [[ sl : jugoslavija ]] [[ sv : jugoslavien ]] < div style = " float : right ; margin - left : | ||
| 3 | # 12518 ; & # 12540 ; & # 12468 ; & # 12473 ; & # 12521 ; & # 12499 ; & # 12450 ; ]] [[ nl : | joegoslavi & euml ; | ]] [[ pl : jugos % b3awia ]] [[ sl : jugoslavija ]] [[ sv : jugoslavien ]] < div style = " float : right ; margin - left : | ||
| 4 | 12468 ; & # 12473 ; & # 12521 ; & # 12499 ; & # 12450 ; ]] [[ nl : joegoslavi & euml ; ]] [[ pl : jugos | % b3awia | ]] [[ sl : jugoslavija ]] [[ sv : jugoslavien ]] < div style = " float : right ; margin - left : 1em " > < center > [[ | ||
| 2985243 | 0 | commonwealth called [[ serbia and montenegro ]] . ' ' ' see also ' ' ' [[ history of yugoslavia ]] [[ da : jugoslavien ]] [[ de : jugoslawien ]] | [[ et : jugoslaavia ]] | [[ fr : yougoslavie ]] [[ nl : joegoslavië ]] [[ ja : & # 12518 ; & # 12540 ; & # 12468 ; & # 12473 ; & # | |
| 3146199 | 0 | ' see also ' ' ' [[ history of yugoslavia ]] [[ da : jugoslavien ]] [[ de : jugoslawien ]] [[ et : jugoslaavia ]] [[ fr : yougoslavie ]] | [[ hr : jugoslavija ]] | [[ nl : joegoslavië ]] [[ ja : & # 12518 ; & # 12540 ; & # 12468 ; & # 12473 ; & # 12521 ; & # 12499 | |
| 5156850 | 0 | # 12473 ; & # 12521 ; & # 12499 ; & # 12450 ; ]] [[ pl : jugos & # 322 ; awia ]] [[ sl : jugoslavija ]] | [[ fi : jugoslavia ]] | [[ sv : jugoslavien ]] [[ zh - cn : & # 21335 ; & # 26031 ; & # 25289 ; & # 22827 ; ]] | |
| 5981057 | 0 | [[ category : former countries ]] [[ da : jugoslavien ]] [[ de : jugoslawien ]] [[ et : jugoslaavia ]] [[ fr : yougoslavie ]] [[ hr : jugoslavija ]] | [[ it : jugoslavia ]] | [[ nl : joegoslavië ]] [[ ja : & # 12518 ; & # 12540 ; & # 12468 ; & # 12473 ; & # 12521 ; & # 12499 | |
| 6239396 | 0 | named after first yugoslavia . [[ category : former countries ]] [[ da : jugoslavien ]] [[ de : jugoslawien ]] [[ et : jugoslaavia ]] [[ fr : yougoslavie ]] | [[ he : & # 1497 ; & # 1493 ; & # 1490 ; & # 1493 ; & # 1505 ; & # 1500 ; & # 1489 ; & # 1497 ; & # 1492 ; ]] | [[ hr : jugoslavija ]] [[ it : jugoslavia ]] [[ nl : joegoslavië ]] [[ ja : & # 12518 ; & # 12540 ; & # 12468 ; & | |
| 8013670 | 0 | 12521 ; & # 12499 ; & # 12450 ; ]] [[ pl : jugos & # 322 ; awia ]] [[ sk : juhoslávia ]] [[ sl : jugoslavija ]] | [[ sr : & # 1032 ; & # 1091 ; & # 1075 ; & # 1086 ; & # 1089 ; & # 1083 ; & # 1072 ; & # 1074 ; & # 1080 ; & # 1112 ; & # 1072 ; ]] | [[ fi : jugoslavia ]] [[ sv : jugoslavien ]] [[ zh - cn : & # 21335 ; & # 26031 ; & # 25289 ; & # 22827 ; | |
| 11313158 | 0 | & # 12468 ; & # 12473 ; & # 12521 ; & # 12499 ; & # 12450 ; ]] [[ pl : jugos & # 322 ; awia ]] | [[ ru : & # 1070 ; & # 1075 ; & # 1086 ; & # 1089 ; & # 1083 ; & # 1072 ; & # 1074 ; & # 1080 ; & # 1103 ; ]] | [[ sk : juhoslávia ]] [[ sl : jugoslavija ]] [[ sr : & # 1032 ; & # 1091 ; & # 1075 ; & # 1086 ; & # | |
| 12921656 | 0 | & # 1505 ; & # 1500 ; & # 1489 ; & # 1497 ; & # 1492 ; ]] [[ lv : dienvidsl & # 257 ; vija ]] | [[ mk : & # 1032 ; & # 1091 ; & # 1075 ; & # 1086 ; & # 1089 ; & # 1083 ; & # 1072 ; & # 1074 ; & # 1080 ; & # 1112 ; & # 1072 ; ]] | [[ nl : joegoslavië ]] [[ ja : & # 12518 ; & # 12540 ; & # 12468 ; & # 12473 ; & # 12521 ; & # 12499 | |
| 15347537 | 0 | & # 1604 ; & # 1575 ; & # 1601 ; & # 1610 ; & # 1575 ; ]] [[ da : jugoslavien ]] [[ de : jugoslawien ]] | [[ el : & # 915 ; & # 953 ; & # 959 ; & # 965 ; & # 947 ; & # 954 ; & # 959 ; & # 963 ; & # 955 ; & # 945 ; & # 946 ; & # 943 ; & # 945 ; ]] | [[ et : jugoslaavia ]] [[ fr : yougoslavie ]] [[ ko : & # 50976 ; & # 44256 ; & # 49836 ; & # 46972 ; & # | |
| 22785116 | 36 | www . slobodnajugoslavija . com / slobodna jugoslavija ] {{ commons | yugoslavia }} [[ category : yugoslavia | ]] [[ category : former countries in europe ]] [[ ar : | & # 1610 ; & # 1608 ; & # 1594 ; & # 1608 ; & # 1587 ; & # 1604 ; & # 1575 ; & # 1601 ; & # 1610 ; & # 1575 ; | يوغوسلافيا | ]] [[ da : jugoslavien ]] [[ de : jugoslawien ]] [[ el : & # 915 ; & # 953 ; & # 959 ; & # 965 ; & |
| 37 | ; & # 1575 ; & # 1601 ; & # 1610 ; & # 1575 ; ]] [[ da : jugoslavien ]] [[ de : jugoslawien ]] [[ el : | & # 915 ; & # 953 ; & # 959 ; & # 965 ; & # 947 ; & # 954 ; & # 959 ; & # 963 ; & # 955 ; & # 945 ; & # 946 ; & # 943 ; & # 945 ; | γιουγκοσλαβία | ]] [[ et : jugoslaavia ]] [[ fr : yougoslavie ]] [[ ko : & # 50976 ; & # 44256 ; & # 49836 ; & # 46972 ; & | |
| 38 | ; & # 945 ; & # 946 ; & # 943 ; & # 945 ; ]] [[ et : jugoslaavia ]] [[ fr : yougoslavie ]] [[ ko : | & # 50976 ; & # 44256 ; & # 49836 ; & # 46972 ; & # 48708 ; & # 50500 ; | 유고슬라비아 | ]] [[ hr : jugoslavija ]] [[ io : yugoslavia ]] [[ it : jugoslavia ]] [[ he : & # 1497 ; & # 1493 ; & # 1490 ; | |
| 40 | # 1490 ; & # 1493 ; & # 1505 ; & # 1500 ; & # 1489 ; & # 1497 ; & # 1492 ; ]] [[ lv : | dienvidsl & # 257 ; vija | dienvidslāvija | ]] [[ mk : & # 1032 ; & # 1091 ; & # 1075 ; & # 1086 ; & # 1089 ; & # 1083 ; & # 1072 | |
| 41 | ; & # 1500 ; & # 1489 ; & # 1497 ; & # 1492 ; ]] [[ lv : dienvidsl & # 257 ; vija ]] [[ mk : | & # 1032 ; & # 1091 ; & # 1075 ; & # 1086 ; & # 1089 ; & # 1083 ; & # 1072 ; & # 1074 ; & # 1080 ; & # 1112 ; & # 1072 ; | југославија | ]] [[ nl : joegoslavië ]] [[ ja : & # 12518 ; & # 12540 ; & # 12468 ; & # 12473 ; & # 12521 ; & # | |
| 42 | 1083 ; & # 1072 ; & # 1074 ; & # 1080 ; & # 1112 ; & # 1072 ; ]] [[ nl : joegoslavië ]] [[ ja : | & # 12518 ; & # 12540 ; & # 12468 ; & # 12473 ; & # 12521 ; & # 12499 ; & # 12450 ; | ユーゴスラビア | ]] [[ pl : jugos & # 322 ; awia ]] [[ ru : & # 1070 ; & # 1075 ; & # 1086 ; & # 1089 ; & | |
| 43 | # 12518 ; & # 12540 ; & # 12468 ; & # 12473 ; & # 12521 ; & # 12499 ; & # 12450 ; ]] [[ pl : | jugos & # 322 ; awia | jugosławia | ]] [[ ru : & # 1070 ; & # 1075 ; & # 1086 ; & # 1089 ; & # 1083 ; & # 1072 ; & # 1074 | |
| 44 | ; & # 12473 ; & # 12521 ; & # 12499 ; & # 12450 ; ]] [[ pl : jugos & # 322 ; awia ]] [[ ru : | & # 1070 ; & # 1075 ; & # 1086 ; & # 1089 ; & # 1083 ; & # 1072 ; & # 1074 ; & # 1080 ; & # 1103 ; | югославия | ]] [[ sk : juhoslávia ]] [[ sl : jugoslavija ]] [[ sr : & # 1032 ; & # 1091 ; & # 1075 ; & # 1086 ; & | |
| 45 | ; & # 1072 ; & # 1074 ; & # 1080 ; & # 1103 ; ]] [[ sk : juhoslávia ]] [[ sl : jugoslavija ]] [[ sr : | & # 1032 ; & # 1091 ; & # 1075 ; & # 1086 ; & # 1089 ; & # 1083 ; & # 1072 ; & # 1074 ; & # 1080 ; & # 1112 ; & # 1072 ; | југославија | ]] [[ fi : jugoslavia ]] [[ sv : jugoslavien ]] [[ zh : & # 21335 ; & # 26031 ; & # 25289 ; & # 22827 ; ]] | |
| 22915113 | 1 | slobodnajugoslavija . com / slobodna jugoslavija ] {{ commons | yugoslavia }} [[ category : yugoslavia | ]] [[ category : former countries in europe ]] [[ ar : يوغوسلافيا ]] | [[ bg : югославия ]] | [[ da : jugoslavien ]] [[ de : jugoslawien ]] [[ el : γιουγκοσλαβία ]] [[ et : jugoslaavia ]] [[ fr : yougoslavie ]] [[ ko : 유고슬라비아 ]] [[ | |
| 23293394 | 0 | jugoslavija ] {{ commons | yugoslavia }} [[ category : yugoslavia | ]] [[ category : former countries in europe ]] [[ ar : يوغوسلافيا ]] [[ bg : югославия ]] | [[ ca : iugoslàvia ]] | [[ da : jugoslavien ]] [[ de : jugoslawien ]] [[ el : γιουγκοσλαβία ]] [[ et : jugoslaavia ]] [[ fr : yougoslavie ]] [[ ko : 유고슬라비아 ]] [[ | |
| 24540504 | 0 | ]] [[ he : יוגוסלביה ]] [[ lv : dienvidslāvija ]] [[ mk : југославија ]] [[ nl : joegoslavië ]] [[ ja : ユーゴスラビア ]] [[ pl : jugosławia ]] | [[ ro : iugoslavia ]] | [[ ru : югославия ]] [[ sk : juhoslávia ]] [[ sl : jugoslavija ]] [[ sr : југославија ]] [[ fi : jugoslavia ]] [[ sv : jugoslavien ]] [[ | |
| 31957711 | 0 | slobodnajugoslavija . com / slobodna jugoslavija ] {{ commons | yugoslavia }} [[ category : yugoslavia | ]] [[ category : former countries in europe ]] [[ ar : يوغوسلافيا ]] | [[ cs : jugosl % c3 % a1vie ]] | [[ bg : югославия ]] [[ ca : iugoslàvia ]] [[ da : jugoslavien ]] [[ de : jugoslawien ]] [[ el : γιουγκοσλαβία ]] [[ et : jugoslaavia ]] [[ | |
| 32495277 | 0 | ]] [[ sl : jugoslavija ]] [[ sr : југославија ]] [[ fi : jugoslavia ]] [[ sv : jugoslavien ]] [[ zh : 南斯拉夫 ]] [[ fi : jugoslavian ]] | [[ tr : yugoslavya ]] | ||
| 33260755 | 0 | slobodnajugoslavija . com / slobodna jugoslavija ] {{ commons | yugoslavia }} [[ category : yugoslavia | ]] [[ category : former countries in europe ]] [[ ar : يوغوسلافيا ]] | [[ bs : jugoslavija ]] | [[ cs : jugosl % c3 % a1vie ]] [[ bg : югославия ]] [[ ca : iugoslàvia ]] [[ da : jugoslavien ]] [[ de : jugoslawien ]] [[ el | |
| 37513881 | 0 | ]] [[ he : יוגוסלביה ]] [[ lv : dienvidslāvija ]] [[ mk : југославија ]] [[ nl : joegoslavië ]] [[ ja : ユーゴスラビア ]] [[ pl : jugosławia ]] | [[ pt : jugoslávia ]] | [[ ro : iugoslavia ]] [[ ru : югославия ]] [[ sk : juhoslávia ]] [[ sl : jugoslavija ]] [[ sr : југославија ]] [[ fi : jugoslavia ]] [[ | |
| 43374852 | 0 | ]] [[ bg : югославия ]] [[ ca : iugoslàvia ]] [[ da : jugoslavien ]] [[ de : jugoslawien ]] [[ el : γιουγκοσλαβία ]] [[ et : jugoslaavia ]] | [[ fa : یوگوسلاوی ]] | [[ fr : yougoslavie ]] [[ ko : 유고슬라비아 ]] [[ hr : jugoslavija ]] [[ io : yugoslavia ]] [[ it : jugoslavia ]] [[ he : יוגוסלביה ]] [[ | |
| 43466955 | 0 | ]] [[ io : yugoslavia ]] [[ it : jugoslavia ]] [[ he : יוגוסלביה ]] [[ lv : dienvidslāvija ]] [[ mk : југославија ]] [[ nl : joegoslavië ]] | [[ no : jugoslavia ]] | [[ ja : ユーゴスラビア ]] [[ pl : jugosławia ]] [[ pt : jugoslávia ]] [[ ro : iugoslavia ]] [[ ru : югославия ]] [[ sk : juhoslávia ]] [[ | |
| 44222520 | 2 | reports regarding yugoslavia ] [[ category : yugoslavia | ]] [[ category : former countries in europe ]] [[ ar : يوغوسلافيا ]] [[ bs : jugoslavija ]] [[ cs : | jugosl % c3 % a1vie | jugoslávie | ]] [[ bg : югославия ]] [[ ca : iugoslàvia ]] [[ da : jugoslavien ]] [[ de : jugoslawien ]] [[ el : γιουγκοσλαβία ]] [[ et : jugoslaavia ]] |
| 44309697 | 13 | : juhoslávia ]] [[ sl : jugoslavija ]] [[ sr : југославија ]] [[ fi : jugoslavia ]] [[ sv : jugoslavien ]] [[ zh : 南斯拉夫 ]] [[ fi : | yugoslavia ( desambiguación ) | : jugoslavian ]] [[ tr : yugoslavya ]] | |
| 14 | ]] [[ sl : jugoslavija ]] [[ sr : југославија ]] [[ fi : jugoslavia ]] [[ sv : jugoslavien ]] [[ zh : 南斯拉夫 ]] [[ fi : jugoslavian ]] | ]] [[ tr : yugoslavya ]] | |||
| 16 | : juhoslávia ]] [[ sl : jugoslavija ]] [[ sr : југославија ]] [[ fi : jugoslavia ]] [[ sv : jugoslavien ]] [[ zh : 南斯拉夫 ]] [[ fi : | jugoslavian | ]] [[ tr : yugoslavya ]] | ||
| 48869509 | 0 | = form congressional research service ( crs ) reports regarding yugoslavia ] [[ category : yugoslavia | ]] [[ category : former countries in europe ]] [[ ar : يوغوسلافيا ]] | [[ be : югаславія ]] | [[ bs : jugoslavija ]] [[ cs : jugoslávie ]] [[ bg : югославия ]] [[ ca : iugoslàvia ]] [[ da : jugoslavien ]] [[ de : jugoslawien ]] [[ | |
| 55315313 | 0 | ]] [[ ru : югославия ]] [[ sk : juhoslávia ]] [[ sl : jugoslavija ]] [[ sr : југославија ]] [[ fi : jugoslavia ]] [[ sv : jugoslavien ]] | [[ th : ยูโกสลาเวีย ]] | [[ tr : yugoslavya ]] [[ zh : 南斯拉夫 ]] | |
| 60521030 | 0 | ]] [[ it : jugoslavia ]] [[ he : יוגוסלביה ]] [[ lv : dienvidslāvija ]] [[ mk : југославија ]] [[ nl : joegoslavië ]] [[ ja : ユーゴスラビア ]] | [[ ka : იუგოსლავია ]] | [[ no : jugoslavia ]] [[ pl : jugosławia ]] [[ pt : jugoslávia ]] [[ ro : iugoslavia ]] [[ ru : югославия ]] [[ sk : juhoslávia ]] [[ | |
| 69660904 | 0 | countries in the balkans ]] [[ category : former countries ]] [[ ar : يوغوسلافيا ]] [[ be : югаславія ]] [[ bs : jugoslavija ]] [[ bg : югославия ]] | [[ br : yougoslavia ]] | [[ ca : iugoslàvia ]] [[ cs : jugoslávie ]] [[ da : jugoslavien ]] [[ de : jugoslawien ]] [[ et : jugoslaavia ]] [[ el : γιουγκοσλαβία ]] [[ | |
| 79101606 | 0 | : γιουγκοσλαβία ]] [[ es : yugoslavia ( desambiguación ) ]] [[ es : yugoslavia ]] [[ fa : یوگوسلاوی ]] [[ fr : yougoslavie ]] [[ ko : 유고슬라비아 ]] | [[ hsb : južnosłowjanska ]] | [[ hr : jugoslavija ]] [[ io : yugoslavia ]] [[ is : júgóslavía ]] [[ it : jugoslavia ]] [[ he : יוגוסלביה ]] [[ ka : იუგოსლავია ]] [[ | |
| 93924283 | 4 | : iugoslàvia ]] [[ cs : jugoslávie ]] [[ da : jugoslavien ]] [[ de : jugoslawien ]] [[ et : jugoslaavia ]] [[ el : γιουγκοσλαβία ]] [[ es : | yugoslavia ( desambiguación ) | iugoslavia | ]] [[ es : yugoslavia ]] [[ fa : یوگوسلاوی ]] [[ fr : yougoslavie ]] [[ ko : 유고슬라비아 ]] [[ hr : jugoslavija ]] [[ io : yugoslavia ]] |
| 96146898 | 1 | ]] [[ de : jugoslawien ]] [[ et : jugoslaavia ]] [[ el : γιουγκοσλαβία ]] [[ es : yugoslavia ]] [[ fa : یوگوسلاوی ]] [[ fr : yougoslavie ]] | [[ gl : iugoslavia ]] | [[ ko : 유고슬라비아 ]] [[ hsb : juhosłowjanska ]] [[ hr : jugoslavija ]] [[ io : yugoslavia ]] [[ id : yugoslavia ]] [[ is : júgóslavía ]] [[ | |
| 99320888 | 0 | jugoslawien ]] [[ et : jugoslaavia ]] [[ el : γιουγκοσλαβία ]] [[ es : yugoslavia ]] [[ fa : یوگوسلاوی ]] [[ fr : yougoslavie ]] [[ gl : iugoslavia | - југославија | ]] [[ ko : 유고슬라비아 ]] [[ hsb : juhosłowjanska ]] [[ hr : jugoslavija ]] [[ io : yugoslavia ]] [[ id : yugoslavia ]] [[ is : júgóslavía ]] | |
| 1 | ]] [[ hr : jugoslavija ]] [[ io : yugoslavia ]] [[ id : yugoslavia ]] [[ is : júgóslavía ]] [[ he : יוגוסלביה ]] [[ ka : იუგოსლავია ]] | [[ sw : yugoslavia ]] | [[ la : iugoslavia ]] [[ lv : dienvidslāvija ]] [[ hu : jugoszlávia ]] [[ mk : југославија ]] [[ nl : joegoslavië ]] [[ ja : ユーゴスラビア ]] [[ | ||
| 2 | ]] [[ ja : ユーゴスラビア ]] [[ no : jugoslavia ]] [[ pl : jugosławia ]] [[ pt : jugoslávia ]] [[ ro : iugoslavia ]] [[ ru : югославия ]] | [[ simple : yugoslavia ]] | [[ sk : juhoslávia ]] [[ sl : jugoslavija ]] [[ sr : југославија ]] [[ fi : jugoslavia ]] [[ sv : jugoslavien ]] [[ th : ยูโกสลาเวีย ]] [[ | ||
| 111095396 | 0 | ]] [[ is : júgóslavía ]] [[ he : יוגוסלביה ]] [[ ka : იუგოსლავია ]] [[ sw : yugoslavia ]] [[ la : iugoslavia ]] [[ lv : dienvidslāvija ]] | it | hu : jugoszlávia ]] [[ mk : југославија ]] [[ nl : joegoslavië ]] [[ ja : ユーゴスラビア ]] [[ no : jugoslavia ]] [[ pl : jugosławia ]] [[ pt | |
| 2 | is : júgóslavía ]] [[ he : יוגוסלביה ]] [[ ka : იუგოსლავია ]] [[ sw : yugoslavia ]] [[ la : iugoslavia ]] [[ lv : dienvidslāvija ]] [[ hu | [[ | jugoszlávia ]] [[ mk : југославија ]] [[ nl : joegoslavië ]] [[ ja : ユーゴスラビア ]] [[ no : jugoslavia ]] [[ pl : jugosławia ]] [[ pt : jugoslávia | ||
| 3 | : júgóslavía ]] [[ he : יוגוסלביה ]] [[ ka : იუგოსლავია ]] [[ sw : yugoslavia ]] [[ la : iugoslavia ]] [[ lv : dienvidslāvija ]] [[ hu : | : | ]] [[ mk : југославија ]] [[ nl : joegoslavië ]] [[ ja : ユーゴスラビア ]] [[ no : jugoslavia ]] [[ pl : jugosławia ]] [[ pt : jugoslávia ]] | ||
| 4 | júgóslavía ]] [[ he : יוגוסלביה ]] [[ ka : იუგოსლავია ]] [[ sw : yugoslavia ]] [[ la : iugoslavia ]] [[ lv : dienvidslāvija ]] [[ hu : jugoszlávia | ]] | [[ mk : југославија ]] [[ nl : joegoslavië ]] [[ ja : ユーゴスラビア ]] [[ no : jugoslavia ]] [[ pl : jugosławia ]] [[ pt : jugoslávia ]] [[ | ||
| 113708260 | 0 | }} [[ ar : يوغوسلافيا ]] [[ be : югаславія ]] [[ br : yougoslavia ]] [[ bg : югославия ]] [[ ca : iugoslàvia ]] [[ cs : jugoslávie ]] | [[ cy : iwgoslafia ]] | [[ da : jugoslavien ]] [[ de : jugoslawien ]] [[ et : jugoslaavia ]] [[ el : γιουγκοσλαβία ]] [[ es : yugoslavia ]] [[ fa : یوگوسلاوی ]] [[ | |
| 120425376 | 0 | ]] [[ bg : югославия ]] [[ ca : iugoslàvia ]] [[ cs : jugoslávie ]] [[ cy : iwgoslafia ]] [[ da : jugoslavien ]] [[ de : jugoslawien ]] | [[ eo : jugoslavio ]] | [[ et : jugoslaavia ]] [[ el : γιουγκοσλαβία ]] [[ es : yugoslavia ]] [[ fa : یوگوسلاوی ]] [[ fr : yougoslavie ]] [[ gl : iugoslavia - југославија | |
| 134356995 | 0 | ]] [[ ro : iugoslavia ]] [[ ru : югославия ]] [[ simple : yugoslavia ]] [[ sk : juhoslávia ]] [[ sl : jugoslavija ]] [[ sr : југославија ]] | [[ sh : jugoslavija ]] | [[ fi : jugoslavia ]] [[ sv : jugoslavien ]] [[ th : ยูโกสลาเวีย ]] [[ vi : nam tư ]] [[ tr : yugoslavya ]] [[ uk : юґославія ]] | |
| 135830689 | 2 | fa | no }} [[ ar : يوغوسلافيا ]] [[ be : югаславія ]] [[ be - x - old : югаславія ]] [[ br : yougoslavia ]] [[ bg : | югославия | ʻiukosilāvia | ]] [[ ca : iugoslàvia ]] [[ cs : jugoslávie ]] [[ cy : iwgoslafia ]] [[ da : jugoslavien ]] [[ de : jugoslawien ]] [[ et : jugoslaavia ]] |
| 135831353 | 1 | slavic countries ]] {{ link fa | no }} [[ ar : يوغوسلافيا ]] [[ be : югаславія ]] [[ be - x - old : югаславія ]] [[ bg : | югославия | югославия | ]] [[ br : yougoslavia ]] [[ ca : iugoslàvia ]] [[ cs : jugoslávie ]] [[ cy : iwgoslafia ]] [[ da : jugoslavien ]] [[ de : jugoslawien ]] |
| 3 | : juhoslávia ]] [[ sl : jugoslavija ]] [[ sr : југославија ]] [[ sv : jugoslavien ]] [[ sw : yugoslavia ]] [[ th : ยูโกสลาเวีย ]] [[ to : | ʻiukosilāvia | ʻiukosilāvia | ]] [[ tr : yugoslavya ]] [[ uk : юґославія ]] [[ vi : nam tư ]] [[ zh : 南斯拉夫 ]] | |
| 143429161 | 0 | ]] [[ ja : ユーゴスラビア ]] [[ ka : იუგოსლავია ]] [[ ko : 유고슬라비아 ]] [[ la : iugoslavia ]] [[ lv : dienvidslāvija ]] [[ mk : југославија ]] | [[ ms : yugoslavia ]] | [[ nl : joegoslavië ]] [[ no : jugoslavia ]] [[ pl : jugosławia ]] [[ pt : jugoslávia ]] [[ ro : iugoslavia ]] [[ ru : югославия ]] [[ | |
| 181065841 | 0 | ]] [[ da : jugoslavien ]] [[ de : jugoslawien ]] [[ et : jugoslaavia ]] [[ el : γιουγκοσλαβία ]] [[ es : yugoslavia ]] [[ eo : jugoslavio ]] | [[ eu : jugoslaviako errepublika federal sozialista ]] | [[ fa : یوگوسلاوی ]] [[ fr : yougoslavie ]] [[ gl : iugoslavia - југославија ]] [[ ko : 유고슬라비아 ]] [[ hsb : juhosłowjanska ]] [[ hr : jugoslavija | |
| 195562340 | 0 | countries in the balkans ]] [[ category : former countries in europe ]] [[ category : former slavic countries ]] {{ link fa | no }} [[ ar : يوغوسلافيا ]] | [[ az : yuqoslaviya ]] | [[ be : югаславія ]] [[ be - x - old : югаславія ]] [[ br : yougoslavia ]] [[ bg : югославия ]] [[ ca : iugoslàvia ]] [[ cs | |
| 210610208 | 0 | ]] [[ ca : iugoslàvia ]] [[ cs : jugoslávie ]] [[ cy : iwgoslafia ]] [[ da : jugoslavien ]] [[ de : jugoslawien ]] [[ el : γιουγκοσλαβία ]] | [[ en : jugoslavija ( čvor ) ]] | [[ eo : jugoslavio ]] [[ es : yugoslavia ]] [[ et : jugoslaavia ]] [[ eu : jugoslaviako errepublika federal sozialista ]] [[ fa : یوگوسلاوی ]] [[ fi : | |
| 223093900 | 2 | jugoslavija ]] [[ fi : jugoslavia ]] [[ sv : jugoslavien ]] [[ th : ยูโกสลาเวีย ]] [[ vi : nam tư ]] [[ to : ʻiukosilāvia ]] [[ tr : | yugoslavya | yuguslawya | ]] [[ uk : юґославія ]] [[ zh : 南斯拉夫 ]] |
| 5 | ]] [[ da : jugoslavien ]] [[ de : jugoslawien ]] [[ et : jugoslaavia ]] [[ el : γιουγκοσλαβία ]] [[ es : yugoslavia ]] [[ eo : jugoslavio ]] | [[ eu : jugoslaviako errepublika federal sozialista ]] | [[ fa : یوگوسلاوی ]] [[ fr : yougoslavie ]] [[ gl : iugoslavia - југославија ]] [[ ko : 유고슬라비아 ]] [[ hsb : juhosłowjanska ]] [[ hr : jugoslavija | ||
| 227160317 | 0 | ]] [[ hu : jugoszlávia ]] [[ mk : југославија ]] [[ ms : yugoslavia ]] [[ nl : joegoslavië ]] [[ ja : ユーゴスラビア ]] [[ no : jugoslavia ]] | [[ nn : jugoslavia ]] | [[ pl : jugosławia ]] [[ pt : jugoslávia ]] [[ ro : iugoslavia ]] [[ qu : yuguslawya ]] [[ ru : югославия ]] [[ simple : yugoslavia ]] [[ | |
| 237779409 | 0 | ]] [[ et : jugoslaavia ]] [[ el : γιουγκοσλαβία ]] [[ es : yugoslavia ]] [[ eo : jugoslavio ]] [[ fa : یوگوسلاوی ]] [[ fr : yougoslavie ]] | [[ ga : an iúgslaiv ]] | [[ gl : iugoslavia - југославија ]] [[ ko : 유고슬라비아 ]] [[ hsb : juhosłowjanska ]] [[ hr : jugoslavija ]] [[ io : yugoslavia ]] [[ id : yugoslavia | |
| 249908583 | 0 | ]] [[ nn : jugoslavia ]] [[ pl : jugosławia ]] [[ pt : jugoslávia ]] [[ ro : iugoslavia ]] [[ qu : yuguslawya ]] [[ ru : югославия ]] | [[ scn : jugoslavia ]] | [[ simple : yugoslavia ]] [[ sk : juhoslávia ]] [[ sl : jugoslavija ]] [[ sr : југославија ]] [[ sh : jugoslavija ]] [[ fi : jugoslavia ]] [[ | |
| 253174876 | 1 | [[ fr : yougoslavie ]] [[ ga : an iúgslaiv ]] [[ gl : iugoslavia - југославија ]] [[ ko : 유고슬라비아 ]] [[ hsb : juhosłowjanska ]] [[ hr : | jugoslavija | yn yugoslaavey | ]] [[ io : yugoslavia ]] [[ id : yugoslavia ]] [[ is : júgóslavía ]] [[ it : jugoslavia ]] [[ he : יוגוסלביה ]] [[ jv : yugoslavia ]] |
| 254442109 | 0 | : יוגוסלביה ]] [[ jv : yugoslavia ]] [[ ka : იუგოსლავია ]] [[ sw : yugoslavia ]] [[ la : iugoslavia ]] [[ lv : dienvidslāvija ]] [[ hu : | jugoszlávia ]] [[ fyrom : југославија ]] | jugoszlá | [[ mr : युगोस्लाव्हिया ]] [[ ms : yugoslavia ]] [[ nl : joegoslavië ]] [[ ja : ユーゴスラビア ]] [[ no : jugoslavia ]] [[ nn : jugoslavia ]] [[ |
| 254442227 | 1 | : יוגוסלביה ]] [[ jv : yugoslavia ]] [[ ka : იუგოსლავია ]] [[ sw : yugoslavia ]] [[ la : iugoslavia ]] [[ lv : dienvidslāvija ]] [[ hu : | jugoszlá | jugoszlávia ]] [[ mk : југославија ]] | [[ mr : युगोस्लाव्हिया ]] [[ ms : yugoslavia ]] [[ nl : joegoslavië ]] [[ ja : ユーゴスラビア ]] [[ no : jugoslavia ]] [[ nn : jugoslavia ]] [[ |
| 274160065 | 0 | يوغوسلافيا ]] [[ az : yuqoslaviya ]] [[ be : югаславія ]] [[ be - x - old : югаславія ]] [[ br : yougoslavia ]] [[ bg : югославия ]] | [[ bs : jugoslavija ( čvor ) ]] | [[ ca : iugoslàvia ]] [[ cs : jugoslávie ]] [[ cy : iwgoslafia ]] [[ da : jugoslavien ]] [[ de : jugoslawien ]] [[ et : jugoslaavia ]] [[ | |
| 282169426 | 0 | : jugoslavien ]] [[ de : jugoslawien ]] [[ et : jugoslaavia ]] [[ el : γιουγκοσλαβία ]] [[ es : yugoslavia ]] [[ eo : jugoslavio ]] [[ fa : | یوگوسلاوی | یوگسلاوی | ]] [[ fr : yougoslavie ]] [[ ga : an iúgslaiv ]] [[ gv : yn yugoslaavey ]] [[ gl : iugoslavia - југославија ]] [[ ko : 유고슬라비아 ]] [[ |
| 285499829 | 0 | former slavic countries ]] [[ category : governments in exile during world war ii ]] [[ category : former monarchies ]] [[ af : joegoslawië ]] [[ ar : يوغوسلافيا ]] | [[ ast : yugoslavia ]] | [[ az : yuqoslaviya ]] [[ be : югаславія ]] [[ be - x - old : югаславія ]] [[ bs : jugoslavija ( čvor ) ]] [[ br : yougoslavia | |
| 307361348 | 0 | ]] [[ mr : युगोस्लाव्हिया ]] [[ ms : yugoslavia ]] [[ nl : joegoslavië ]] [[ ja : ユーゴスラビア ]] [[ no : jugoslavia ]] [[ nn : jugoslavia ]] | [[ pap : yugoslavia ]] | [[ pl : jugosławia ]] [[ pt : jugoslávia ]] [[ ro : iugoslavia ]] [[ qu : yuguslawya ]] [[ ru : югославия ]] [[ scn : jugoslavia ]] [[ | |
| 308841782 | 0 | ]] [[ pap : yugoslavia ]] [[ pl : jugosławia ]] [[ pt : jugoslávia ]] [[ ro : iugoslavia ]] [[ qu : yuguslawya ]] [[ ru : югославия ]] | [[ sc : iugoslàvia ]] | [[ scn : jugoslavia ]] [[ simple : yugoslavia ]] [[ sk : juhoslávia ]] [[ sl : jugoslavija ]] [[ sr : југославија ]] [[ sh : jugoslavija ]] [[ | |
| 316912315 | 0 | ]] [[ jv : yugoslavia ]] [[ ka : იუგოსლავია ]] [[ ky : югославия ]] [[ sw : yugoslavia ]] [[ ku : yûgoslaviya ]] [[ la : iugoslavia ]] | [[ lt : jugoslavija ]] | [[ lv : dienvidslāvija ]] [[ hu : jugoszlávia ]] [[ mk : југославија ]] [[ mr : युगोस्लाव्हिया ]] [[ ms : yugoslavia ]] [[ nl : joegoslavië ]] [[ | |
| 335967875 | 0 | ]] [[ ka : იუგოსლავია ]] [[ ky : югославия ]] [[ sw : yugoslavia ]] [[ ku : yûgoslaviya ]] [[ la : iugoslavia ]] [[ lv : dienvidslāvija ]] | [[ lt : jugoslavija ]] | [[ hu : jugoszlávia ]] [[ mk : југославија ]] [[ mr : युगोस्लाव्हिया ]] [[ ms : yugoslavia ]] [[ nl : joegoslavië ]] [[ ja : ユーゴスラビア ]] [[ | |
| 341828105 | 0 | countries in europe ]] [[ category : former slavic countries ]] [[ category : governments in exile during world war ii ]] [[ category : former monarchies ]] [[ af : | joegoslawië | joego - slawië | ]] [[ ar : يوغوسلافيا ]] [[ ast : yugoslavia ]] [[ az : yuqoslaviya ]] [[ be : югаславія ]] [[ be - x - old : югаславія ]] [[ |
| 366869589 | 0 | az : yuqoslaviya ]] [[ be : югаславія ]] [[ be - x - old : югаславія ]] [[ br : yougoslavia ]] [[ bg : югославия ]] [[ ca : | república federal de | iugoslàvia ]] [[ cs : jugoslávie ]] [[ cy : iwgoslafia ]] [[ da : jugoslavien ]] [[ de : jugoslawien ]] [[ et : jugoslaavia ]] [[ el : γιουγκοσλαβία | |
| 368156645 | 0 | ]] [[ sl : jugoslavija ]] [[ sr : југославија ]] [[ sh : jugoslavija ]] [[ fi : jugoslavia ]] [[ sv : jugoslavien ]] [[ tl : yugoslabya ]] | [[ ta : யுகோஸ்லாவியா ]] | [[ th : ยูโกสลาเวีย ]] [[ to : ʻiukosilāvia ]] [[ tr : yugoslavya ]] [[ uk : югославія ]] [[ vi : nam tư ]] [[ zh - classical : | |
| 370500018 | 0 | yougoslavie ]] [[ fy : joegoslaavje ]] [[ ga : an iúgslaiv ]] [[ gv : yn yugoslaavey ]] [[ gl : iugoslavia - југославија ]] [[ ko : 유고슬라비아 ]] | [[ hy : հարավսլավիա ]] | [[ hsb : juhosłowjanska ]] [[ io : yugoslavia ]] [[ id : yugoslavia ]] [[ is : júgóslavía ]] [[ it : jugoslavia ]] [[ he : יוגוסלביה ]] [[ | |
| 408752517 | 0 | ]] [[ is : júgóslavía ]] [[ it : jugoslavia ]] [[ he : יוגוסלביה ]] [[ jv : yugoslavia ]] [[ kn : ಯುಗೊಸ್ಲಾವಿಯ ]] [[ ka : იუგოსლავია ]] | [[ rw : yugosilaviya ]] | [[ ky : югославия ]] [[ sw : yugoslavia ]] [[ ku : yûgoslaviya ]] [[ la : iugoslavia ]] [[ lv : dienvidslāvija ]] [[ hu : jugoszlávia ]] [[ | |
| 438771009 | 0 | [[ fa : یوگسلاوی ]] [[ fr : yougoslavie ]] [[ fy : joegoslaavje ]] [[ ga : an iúgslaiv ]] [[ gv : yn yugoslaavey ]] [[ gl : iugoslavia | - југославија | ]] [[ ko : 유고슬라비아 ]] [[ hy : հարավսլավիա ]] [[ hsb : juhosłowjanska ]] [[ io : yugoslavia ]] [[ id : yugoslavia ]] [[ ie : yugoslavia ]] | |
| 439190780 | 0 | ]] [[ de : jugoslawien ]] [[ et : jugoslaavia ]] [[ el : γιουγκοσλαβία ]] [[ es : yugoslavia ]] [[ eo : jugoslavio ]] [[ fa : یوگسلاوی ]] | [[ fo : jugoslavia ]] | [[ fr : yougoslavie ]] [[ fy : joegoslaavje ]] [[ ga : an iúgslaiv ]] [[ gv : yn yugoslaavey ]] [[ gl : iugoslavia ]] [[ ko : 유고슬라비아 | |
| 459204643 | 0 | ]] [[ sw : yugoslavia ]] [[ ku : yûgoslavya ]] [[ la : iugoslavia ]] [[ lv : dienvidslāvija ]] [[ hu : jugoszlávia ]] [[ mk : југославија ]] | [[ ml : യുഗോസ്ലാവിയ ]] | [[ mr : युगोस्लाव्हिया ]] [[ arz : يوجوسلافيا ]] [[ ms : yugoslavia ]] [[ nl : joegoslavië ]] [[ ja : ユーゴスラビア ]] [[ no : jugoslavia ]] [[ | |
| 464187276 | 0 | : jugoslavien ]] [[ de : jugoslawien ]] [[ et : jugoslaavia ]] [[ el : γιουγκοσλαβία ]] [[ es : yugoslavia ]] [[ eo : jugoslavio ]] [[ fa : | جمهوری فدرال سوسیالیستی | یوگسلاوی ]] [[ fo : jugoslavia ]] [[ fr : yougoslavie ]] [[ fy : joegoslaavje ]] [[ ga : an iúgslaiv ]] [[ gv : yn yugoslaavey ]] [[ gl | |
| 476277216 | 0 | : jugoslavien ]] [[ de : jugoslawien ]] [[ et : jugoslaavia ]] [[ el : γιουγκοσλαβία ]] [[ es : yugoslavia ]] [[ eo : jugoslavio ]] [[ fa : | جمهوری فدرال سوسیالیستی | یوگسلاوی ]] [[ fo : jugoslavia ]] [[ fr : yougoslavie ]] [[ fy : joegoslaavje ]] [[ ga : an iúgslaiv ]] [[ gv : yn yugoslaavey ]] [[ gl | |
| 493948307 | 1 | be : югаславія ]] [[ be - x - old : югаславія ]] [[ bg : югославия ]] [[ bar : jugoslawien ]] [[ br : yougoslavia ]] [[ ca : | república federal de iugoslàvia | yugoslavia | ]] [[ cs : jugoslávie ]] [[ cy : iwgoslafia ]] [[ da : jugoslavien ]] [[ de : jugoslawien ]] [[ et : jugoslaavia ]] [[ el : γιουγκοσλαβία ]] |
| 498637625 | 0 | ]] [[ pap : yugoslavia ]] [[ pl : jugosławia ]] [[ pt : jugoslávia ]] [[ ro : iugoslavia ]] [[ qu : yuguslawya ]] [[ ru : югославия ]] | [[ sah : югославия ]] | [[ sc : iugoslàvia ]] [[ scn : jugoslavia ]] [[ simple : yugoslavia ]] [[ sk : juhoslávia ]] [[ sl : jugoslavija ]] [[ sr : југославија ]] [[ | |
| 499011314 | 0 | ]] [[ rw : yugosilaviya ]] [[ sw : yugoslavia ]] [[ ku : yûgoslavya ]] [[ ky : югославия ]] [[ la : iugoslavia ]] [[ lv : dienvidslāvija ]] | [[ lb : jugoslawien ]] | [[ hu : jugoszlávia ]] [[ mk : југославија ]] [[ ml : യുഗോസ്ലാവിയ ]] [[ mr : युगोस्लाव्हिया ]] [[ arz : يوجوسلافيا ]] [[ ms : yugoslavia ]] [[ | |
| 505964529 | 0 | ]] [[ sl : jugoslavija ]] [[ sr : југославија ]] [[ sh : jugoslavija ]] [[ fi : jugoslavia ]] [[ sv : jugoslavien ]] [[ tl : yugoslabya ]] | [[ tr : yugoslavya ]] | [[ ta : யுகோஸ்லாவியா ]] [[ th : ยูโกสลาเวีย ]] [[ to : ʻiukosilāvia ]] [[ uk : югославія ]] [[ vi : nam tư ]] [[ zh - classical : | |
| 510573869 | 0 | ]] [[ tl : yugoslabya ]] [[ ta : யுகோஸ்லாவியா ]] [[ th : ยูโกสลาเวีย ]] [[ to : ʻiukosilāvia ]] [[ tr : yugoslavya ]] [[ uk : югославія ]] | [[ ur : یوگوسلاویہ ]] | [[ vi : nam tư ]] [[ zh - classical : 南斯拉夫 ]] [[ yi : יוגאסלאוויע ]] [[ zh : 南斯拉夫 ]] | |
| 514655419 | 0 | ]] [[ da : jugoslavien ]] [[ de : jugoslawien ]] [[ et : jugoslaavia ]] [[ el : γιουγκοσλαβία ]] [[ es : yugoslavia ]] [[ eo : jugoslavio ]] | ca | ext : yugoslavia ]] [[ fa : یوگسلاوی ]] [[ fo : jugoslavia ]] [[ fr : yougoslavie ]] [[ fy : joegoslaavje ]] [[ ga : an iúgslaiv ]] [[ | |
| 3 | : jugoslavien ]] [[ de : jugoslawien ]] [[ et : jugoslaavia ]] [[ el : γιουγκοσλαβία ]] [[ es : yugoslavia ]] [[ eo : jugoslavio ]] [[ ext : | : | ]] [[ fa : یوگسلاوی ]] [[ fo : jugoslavia ]] [[ fr : yougoslavie ]] [[ fy : joegoslaavje ]] [[ ga : an iúgslaiv ]] [[ gv : yn | ||
| 523821978 | 0 | : jugoslavija ]] [[ sr : југославија ]] [[ sh : jugoslavija ]] [[ fi : jugoslavia ]] [[ sv : jugoslavien ]] [[ tl : yugoslabya ]] [[ ta : | யுகோஸ்லாவியா | யுகோசுலாவியா | ]] [[ th : ยูโกสลาเวีย ]] [[ to : ʻiukosilāvia ]] [[ tr : yugoslavya ]] [[ uk : югославія ]] [[ ur : یوگوسلاویہ ]] [[ vi : nam tư |
| 539572794 | 1 | югаславія ]] [[ be - x - old : югаславія ]] [[ bg : югославия ]] [[ bar : jugoslawien ]] [[ br : yougoslavia ]] [[ ca : iugoslàvia ]] | [[ cs : jugoslávie ]] [[ cy : iwgoslafia ]] [[ da : jugoslavien ]] [[ de : jugoslawien ]] [[ et : jugoslaavia ]] [[ el : γιουγκοσλαβία ]] | [[ es : yugoslavia ]] [[ eo : jugoslavio ]] [[ ext : yugoslavia ]] [[ fa : یوگسلاوی ]] [[ fo : jugoslavia ]] [[ fr : yougoslavie ]] [[ | |
| 3 | ]] [[ sc : iugoslàvia ]] [[ scn : jugoslavia ]] [[ simple : yugoslavia ]] [[ sk : juhoslávia ]] [[ sl : jugoslavija ]] [[ sr : југославија ]] | [[ sh : jugoslavija ]] [[ fi : jugoslavia ]] [[ sv : jugoslavien ]] [[ tl : yugoslabya ]] [[ ta : யுகோசுலாவியா ]] [[ th : ยูโกสลาเวีย ]] [[ to : ʻiukosilāvia ]] | [[ tr : yugoslavya ]] [[ uk : югославія ]] [[ ur : یوگوسلاویہ ]] [[ vi : nam tư ]] [[ zh - classical : 南斯拉夫 ]] [[ yi : |
| left_string | del_string | ins_string | right_string | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 689653 | 1 | : yougoslavie ]] < div style = " float : right " > [[ image : yugoslavia _ flag _ medium . png ]] < / div > until 4th february | 4 ]] | , 2003 the federal republic of ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' has been a country in southeastern [[ europe ]] , formed in [[ 1918 ]] as the [[ | |||
| 3 | ]] < div style = " float : right " > [[ image : yugoslavia _ flag _ medium . png ]] < / div > until 4th february , 2003 | ]] | the federal republic of ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' has been a country in southeastern [[ europe ]] , formed in [[ 1918 ]] as the [[ kingdom of | ||||
| 802239 | 0 | [[ 2002 ]] , serbia and montenegro came to a new agreement regarding continued cooperation , which , among other changes , promised the end of yugoslavia . on 4th february | 4 | , 2003 the federal parliament of yugoslavia dissolved the country and agreed to create a loose commonwealth of the remaining two states within a union . the new union of two | |||
| 904667 | 11 | ]] , serbia and montenegro came to a new agreement regarding continued co - operation , which , among other changes , promised the end of yugoslavia . on february 4 | ]] | , 2003 the federal parliament of yugoslavia dissolved the country and agreed to create a loose [[ commonwealth ]] of the remaining two states within a union . the new union | |||
| 12 | , serbia and montenegro came to a new agreement regarding continued co - operation , which , among other changes , promised the end of yugoslavia . on february 4 , | [[ | 2003 the federal parliament of yugoslavia dissolved the country and agreed to create a loose [[ commonwealth ]] of the remaining two states within a union . the new union of | ||||
| 13 | serbia and montenegro came to a new agreement regarding continued co - operation , which , among other changes , promised the end of yugoslavia . on february 4 , 2003 | ]] | the federal parliament of yugoslavia dissolved the country and agreed to create a loose [[ commonwealth ]] of the remaining two states within a union . the new union of two | ||||
| 904670 | 1 | , serbia and montenegro came to a new agreement regarding continued co - operation , which , among other changes , promised the end of yugoslavia . on [[ february 4 | ]] | , [[ 2003 ]] the federal parliament of yugoslavia dissolved the country and agreed to create a loose [[ commonwealth ]] of the remaining two states within a union . the | |||
| 2 | and montenegro came to a new agreement regarding continued co - operation , which , among other changes , promised the end of yugoslavia . on [[ february 4 ]] , | [[ | 2003 ]] the federal parliament of yugoslavia dissolved the country and agreed to create a loose [[ commonwealth ]] of the remaining two states within a union . the new union | ||||
| 10662657 | 1 | as the new king . apparently this defiance infuriated [[ adolf hitler | hitler ]] , so the axis decided to attack both yugoslavia and greece on [[ april 6 ]] | , followed immediately by an invasion of [[ greece ]] where mussolini had previously been repelled | . ( as a result , hitler had to delay the launch of [[ operation barbarossa ]] by four weeks , which proved to be a costly decision . ) = | |||
| 21574185 | 0 | | frame | the federal republic of yugoslavia consisted of serbia and montenegro . ]] the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia officially ceased to exist on [[ april 28 ]] , | [[ | 1992 , when the [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( fry ) was formed . other dates that are frequently considered as the end of sfry are [[ june 25 | |||
| 2 | when the [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( fry ) was formed . other dates that are frequently considered as the end of sfry are [[ june 25 ]] , | [[ | 1991 , when croatia and slovenia declared independence , [[ october 9 ]] , 1991 , when the [[ moratorium ]] on slovenian and croatian secession , agreed on [[ july | ||||
| 4 | other dates that are frequently considered as the end of sfry are [[ june 25 ]] , 1991 , when croatia and slovenia declared independence , [[ october 9 ]] , | [[ | 1991 , when the [[ moratorium ]] on slovenian and croatian secession , agreed on [[ july 9 ]] at brioni ( see detailed entry at [[ brioni agreement ]] ) | ||||
| 6 | on [[ july 9 ]] at brioni ( see detailed entry at [[ brioni agreement ]] ) by representatives of all republics , was ended and [[ january 15 ]] , | [[ | 1992 , when slovenia and croatia were internationally recognized . the war in the western parts of former yugoslavia ended in [[ 1995 ]] with [[ united states | u . | ||||
| 25683386 | 0 | , the name yugoslavia was to be officially abolished when the state would transform into a loose commonwealth called [[ serbia and montenegro ]] which finally happened on [[ 6th february | 4 | ]] [[ 2003 ]] . = = origins = = probably the first " official " mention of the term yugoslav ( as opposed to simply [[ slavic peoples | south | |||
| 1 | the name yugoslavia was to be officially abolished when the state would transform into a loose commonwealth called [[ serbia and montenegro ]] which finally happened on [[ 6th february ]] | , | [[ 2003 ]] . = = origins = = probably the first " official " mention of the term yugoslav ( as opposed to simply [[ slavic peoples | south slav | ||||
| 31961080 | 30 | of the old government of the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , and the emigration loyal to the king , led to the [[ tito - šubašić agreement ]] in june | [[ | 1944 ]] , however tito was seen as a national hero by the citizens and so he gained the power in post - war independent [[ communism | communist ]] state | |||
| 31 | old government of the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , and the emigration loyal to the king , led to the [[ tito - šubašić agreement ]] in june [[ 1944 | ]] | , however tito was seen as a national hero by the citizens and so he gained the power in post - war independent [[ communism | communist ]] state , starting | ||||
| 43 | reduced , though both entities retained a vote in the yugoslav presidency council . [[ image : smilo . jpg | frame | left | milošević ]] in january [[ 1990 | ]] | , the extraordinary 14th congress of the [[ league of communists of yugoslavia ]] was convened . the serbian delegation , led by milošević , insisted on the reversal of 1974 | ||||
| 45 | independence ( under [[ milan kučan ]] and [[ franjo tuđman ]] , respectively ) , while serbia and montenegro elected candidates who favoured yugoslav unity . in march [[ 1990 | ]] | , the [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] ( jugoslovenska narodna armija , jna ) met with the presidency of yugoslavia ( an eight member council composed of representatives from | ||||
| 57 | it as a part of serbia . milošević ' s rejection of claims of a first - round opposition victory in new elections for the federal presidency in september [[ 2000 | ]] | led to mass demonstrations in belgrade on october 5 and the collapse of the regime ' s authority . the opposition ' s candidate , reformed [[ nationalist ]] [[ vojislav | ||||
| 34241700 | 4 | http : / / www . nato . int / ifor / un / u911127a . htm ] bosnia and herzegovina held a referendum on independence on [[ 1 march ]] | , | [[ 1992 ]] . large areas of the republic was at this time under the control of the newly created serb entity [[ republika srpska | republika srpska of bosnia and | |||
| 36661482 | 0 | considered as the end of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia : * [[ june 25 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , when croatia and slovenia declared independence * [[ october | 9 | 8 | ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , when the [[ july 9 ]] th moratorium on slovenian and croatian secession was ended * [[ january 15 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , | ||
| 41869552 | 0 | the regime ' s authority . the opposition ' s candidate , reformed [[ nationalist ]] [[ vojislav koštunica ]] took office as yugoslav president on [[ october 6 ]] . | [[ image : banknoteyug . jpg | 300px | left | thumb | a [[ hyperinflation ]] bill of 50 [[ billion ]] [[ yugoslavia dinar | dinars ]] ( 1993 ) ]] | on saturday , [[ march 31 ]] , [[ 2001 ]] , milošević surrendered to yugoslav security forces from his home in belgrade , following a recent warrant for his arrest | |||
| 42217788 | 4 | ' ' in the word ' ' jugoslavija ' ' means south ) . * the first was a [[ monarchy | kingdom ]] formed in [[ december 1 ]] , | [[ | 1918 as the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ]] ' ' ' , which was re - named the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of | |||
| 6 | croats and slovenes ]] ' ' ' , which was re - named the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' in [[ january 6 ]] , | [[ | 1929 and existed under that name until it was invaded in [[ april 6 ]] , 1941 by the [[ axis powers ]] . capitulated only 11 days after , it | ||||
| 8 | ' [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' in [[ january 6 ]] , 1929 and existed under that name until it was invaded in [[ april 6 ]] , | [[ | 1941 by the [[ axis powers ]] . capitulated only 11 days after , it ceased to exist [[ april 17 ]] , 1941 . * the second was a [[ | ||||
| 10 | exist [[ april 17 ]] , 1941 . * the second was a [[ socialist state ]] established immediately after [[ world war ii ]] in [[ november 29 ]] , | [[ | 1945 as ' ' democratic federation of yugoslavia ( dfy ) ' ' , which in 1946 became the ' ' federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ( fpry ) | ||||
| 14 | ]] the ' ' ' [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( sfry ) ' ' ' . this remained in place until 1992 , [[ january 15 ]] , | by | [[ 1992 ]] , at | which time four of its six constituent republics - [[ slovenia ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] and [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] - | |||
| 20 | , and the south slavs organized into the [[ state of slovenes , croats and serbs ]] . this short - lived state soon , on [[ december 1 ]] , | [[ | 1918 ]] , joined [[ serbia ]] and [[ montenegro ]] to form " the [[ kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ]] " . in the chaotic conditions that | ||||
| 44309697 | 0 | in [[ april 6 ]] , [[ 1941 ]] by the [[ axis powers ]] . capitulating only 11 days later , it ceased to exist [[ april 17 ]] , | [[ | 1941 . * the second was a [[ socialist state ]] established immediately after [[ world war ii ]] in [[ november 29 ]] , [[ 1945 ]] as ' ' | |||
| 3 | of the regime ' s authority . the opposition ' s candidate , reformed [[ nationalist ]] [[ vojislav koštunica ]] took office as yugoslav president on [[ october 6 ]] | , [[ 2000 ]] | . [[ image : banknoteyug . jpg | 300px | left | thumb | a [[ hyperinflation ]] bill of 50 [[ billion ]] [[ yugoslavia dinar | dinars ]] ( | ||||
| 46021189 | 1 | ( that day is celebrated as independence day in croatia ) * [[ january 15 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , when slovenia and croatia were internationally recognized * april 28 | ]] | , 1992 , the formation of fry ( see below ) i like dick = = federal republic of yugoslavia = = [[ image : yugoslaviamap . png | frame | | |||
| 55551683 | 2 | the empire . they chose london as their headquarters . the [[ yugoslav committee ]] ( ' ' jugoslavenski odbor ' ' ) was officially formed on [[ april 30 ]] | th | , [[ 1915 ]] in [[ london ]] , and it began to raise funds , especially among south - slavs living in the americas . because of their stature , | |||
| 56642958 | 1 | would transform into a loose commonwealth called [[ serbia and montenegro ]] which finally happened on [[ february 4 ]] , [[ 2003 ]] . as of [[ 22 may ]] | , | [[ | 2006 montenegro has voted to separate from serbia and establish itself as an independent state . = = ' ' ' background ' ' ' = = during the early period | ||
| 4 | wanted them to fight under the serbian flag . however , during june and july 1917 , the yugoslav committee met with the serbian government in corfu and on 20 july | ]] | a declaration that laid foundation of the post - war state was issused . the preamble stated that the serbs , croats and slovenes were " the same by blood , | ||||
| 6 | to be constitutional monarchy under the karadjordjević dynasty . as the habsburg empire dissolved , a national council of slovenes , croats and serbs took power in zagreb on 6 october | ]] [[ | 1918 . on 29 october , the croatian sabor or parliament declared independence and vested its sovereignty in the new state of the slovenes , croats and serbs . the yugoslav | ||||
| 7 | be constitutional monarchy under the karadjordjević dynasty . as the habsburg empire dissolved , a national council of slovenes , croats and serbs took power in zagreb on 6 october 1918 | ]] | . on 29 october , the croatian sabor or parliament declared independence and vested its sovereignty in the new state of the slovenes , croats and serbs . the yugoslav committee | ||||
| 8 | monarchy under the karadjordjević dynasty . as the habsburg empire dissolved , a national council of slovenes , croats and serbs took power in zagreb on 6 october 1918 . on | [[ | 29 october , the croatian sabor or parliament declared independence and vested its sovereignty in the new state of the slovenes , croats and serbs . the yugoslav committee was given | ||||
| 13 | ( jna ) maintained an impression of being neutral , but as time went on , it was becoming more and more involved in state politics . on june 25 , | [[ | 1991 , slovenia and croatia became the first republics to declare independence from yugoslavia . in slovenia , slovenian territorial defence ( paramilitary force ) seized the yugoslav border posts with | ||||
| 16 | slovenia , slovenian territorial defence ( paramilitary force ) seized the yugoslav border posts with austria and italy taking down yugoslav and raising slovenian flag . following day ( june 26 | ]] | ) , the federal executive council speifically ordered the army to take control of the internationally recognized borders . [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] forces based in barracks in | ||||
| 17 | ) . as a result of the conflict , the [[ united nations security council ]] unanimously adopted [[ un security council resolution 721 ]] on [[ november 27 ]] , | [[ | 1991 , which paved the way to the establishment of [[ peacekeeping ]] operations in yugoslavia . [ http : / / www . nato . int / ifor / un | ||||
| 19 | is celebrated as independence day in croatia ) * [[ january 15 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , when slovenia and croatia were internationally recognized * [[ april 6 ]] , | [[ | 1992 , full recognition of bosnia and herzegovina ’ s independence by the united states and most european countries * [[ april 28 ]] , 1992 , the formation of fry | ||||
| 21 | * [[ april 6 ]] , 1992 , full recognition of bosnia and herzegovina ’ s independence by the united states and most european countries * [[ april 28 ]] , | [[ | 1992 , the formation of fry ( see below ) = = federal republic of yugoslavia = = [[ image : yugoslaviamap . png | frame | the federal republic of | ||||
| 24 | their respective affairs almost as though the two republics were independent . furthermore , customs have been established along the traditional border crossings between the two republics . on may 21 | ]] | , 2006 , 86 percent of eligible montenegran voters turned out for a special referrundum on the independence of the montenagran republic from federal union with serbia . they voted 55 | ||||
| 25 | respective affairs almost as though the two republics were independent . furthermore , customs have been established along the traditional border crossings between the two republics . on may 21 , | [[ | 2006 , 86 percent of eligible montenegran voters turned out for a special referrundum on the independence of the montenagran republic from federal union with serbia . they voted 55 . | ||||
| 26 | affairs almost as though the two republics were independent . furthermore , customs have been established along the traditional border crossings between the two republics . on may 21 , 2006 | ]] | , 86 percent of eligible montenegran voters turned out for a special referrundum on the independence of the montenagran republic from federal union with serbia . they voted 55 . 4 | ||||
| 30 | slobodan milošević in [[ belgrade ]] , but the police and the military were deployed in the streets in order to restore order , killing two people . in late march | , | 1991 , the [[ plitvice lakes incident ]] was one of the first sparks of open war in croatia . the [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] ( jna ) | ||||
| 56780021 | 0 | the state would transform into a loose commonwealth called [[ serbia and montenegro ]] which finally happened on [[ february 4 ]] , [[ 2003 ]] . * on [[ may | 22 | 21 | ]] , [[ 2006 ]] , [[ montenegro ]] voted to separate from serbia and establish itself as an independent state . montenegro officially declared its independence on [[ june 3 | ||
| 63135279 | 9 | , [[ montenegro ]] voted to separate from the state union of serbia and montenegro and establish itself as an independent state . montenegro officially declared its independence on [[ june | 3 | 3rd | ]] , [[ 2006 ]] , while serbia declared independence on june 5 , thereby ending the last vestiges of the former yugoslav federation . _ _ toc _ _ {{ | ||
| 63327901 | 27 | centralist constitution . in response , the croatian peasant party prepared a draft constitution for a neutral peasant republic of croatia . the constitution was passed by vote on 28 june | 28th ]] [[ | 1921 with the help of some minor parties including the yugoslav muslim organization . shortly after the constitution was passed , old king peter died . he was succeeded by prince | |||
| 28 | constitution . in response , the croatian peasant party prepared a draft constitution for a neutral peasant republic of croatia . the constitution was passed by vote on 28 june 1921 | ]] | with the help of some minor parties including the yugoslav muslim organization . shortly after the constitution was passed , old king peter died . he was succeeded by prince aleksandar | ||||
| 43 | empire had no historic claim to statehood , so there was no sense of loss to belgrade . during the 1920s , serbo - croat wrangle continued and on 20 june | 20th ]] [[ | 1928 , after months of rows and even fist - fights in parliament , puniša račić , a montenegrin serb , leapt up in the chamber and shot two croats and | ||||
| 44 | had no historic claim to statehood , so there was no sense of loss to belgrade . during the 1920s , serbo - croat wrangle continued and on 20 june 1928 | ]] | , after months of rows and even fist - fights in parliament , puniša račić , a montenegrin serb , leapt up in the chamber and shot two croats and wounded | ||||
| 91 | hurriedly building an independent political identity in international relations . prince paul submitted to the fascist pressure and signed the [[ tripartite treaty ]] in [[ vienna ]] on [[ march | 25 | 25th | ]] , [[ 1941 ]] , hoping to still keep yugoslavia out of the war . but this was at the expense of popular support for paul ' s regency . | |||
| 92 | for paul ' s regency . senior military officers were also opposed to the treaty and launched a [[ coup d ' état ]] when the king returned on [[ march | 27 | 27th | ]] . army general [[ dušan simović ]] seized power , arrested the vienna delegation , exiled paul , and ended the regency , giving 17 year old king peter full | |||
| 97 | , and ended the regency , giving 17 year old king peter full powers . [[ adolf hitler | hitler ]] then decided to attack yugoslavia on [[ april 6 ]] | 1941 | , followed immediately by an invasion of [[ greece ]] where mussolini had previously been repelled . ( as a result , the launch of [[ operation barbarossa ]] was delayed | ||||
| 63330276 | 6 | = = yugoslavia during the second world war = = ' ' main article : ' ' [[ yugoslavia during world war ii ]] at 05 : 15 on [[ april | 6 | 6th | ]] [[ 1941 ]] , [[ nazi germany | german ]] , [[ italy | italian ]] , [[ hungary | hungarian ]] , and [[ bulgaria ]] n forces attacked | ||
| 8 | hungary | hungarian ]] , and [[ bulgaria ]] n forces attacked yugoslavia . the [[ luftwaffe ]] bombed [[ belgrade ]] and other major yugoslav cities . on [[ april | 17 | 17th | ]] , representatives of yugoslavia ' s various regions signed an armistice with germany at belgrade , ending eleven days of resistance against the invading german wehrmacht . more than three | |||
| 63517403 | 14 | one month paid vacation , plus a year ' s maternity leave , if needed . respect for workers was a central concern of government and society . on [[ april | 7 | 7th | ]] , [[ 1963 ]] the nation changed its official name to [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] and [[ josip broz tito | tito ]] was named [[ president | ||
| 63521475 | 123 | milošević | milošević ]] rejected all such proposals , arguing that like slovenes and croats , the serbs should also have a right to self - determination . on [[ march | 9 | 9th | ]] , [[ 1991 ]] demonstrations were held against slobodan milošević in [[ belgrade ]] , but the police and the military were deployed in the streets in order to restore | ||
| 124 | ]] ( jna ) maintained an impression of being neutral , but as time went on , it was becoming more and more involved in state politics . on [[ june | 25 | 25th | ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , slovenia and croatia became the first republics to declare independence from yugoslavia . in slovenia , slovenian territorial defence ( paramilitary force ) seized the | |||
| 64233510 | 0 | when the state transformed into a loose commonwealth called [[ serbia and montenegro ]] . after a successful referendum in the republic , montenegro officially declared its independence on [[ june | 3rd | 3 | ]] , [[ 2006 ]] , while serbia declared independence on june 5th , thereby ending the last remnants of the former yugoslav federation . _ _ toc _ _ = | ||
| 66359716 | 1 | bosnia and war crimes in croatia and in kosovo and metohija began at [[ the hague ]] on [[ february 12 ]] , [[ 2002 ]] . on [[ april 11 | ]] , [[ 2002 | ]] , the yugoslav parliament passed a law allowing extradition of all persons charged with war crimes by the international criminal tribunal . in march 2002 , the governments of serbia | |||
| 83862003 | 36 | a successful referendum in the republic , montenegro officially declared its independence on [[ june 3 ]] , [[ 2006 ]] , while serbia declared independence on [[ june 5 ]] | , 2006 , montenegro and serbia respectively declared their independence | , thereby ending the last remnants of the former yugoslav federation . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = = = = the idea of a state for | |||
| 87847188 | 2 | = = yugoslavia during the second world war = = = = = the invasion of yugoslavia = = = at 5 : 15 a . m . on [[ april | 6th | 6 | ]] [[ 1941 ]] , [[ nazi germany | german ]] , [[ italian fascism | italian ]] , [[ hungary | hungarian ]] , and [[ bulgaria ]] n forces | ||
| 3 | [[ image : proslavatito . jpg | thumb | right | 200px | 1968 . [[ league of communists of yugoslavia | yugoslav communist party ]] celebration ]] on [[ april | 7th | 7 | ]] , [[ 1963 ]] the nation changed its official name to [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] and [[ josip broz tito | tito ]] was named [[ president | |||
| 6 | milošević | milošević ]] rejected all such proposals , arguing that like slovenes and croats , the serbs should also have a right to self - determination . on [[ march | 9th | 9 | ]] , [[ 1991 ]] demonstrations were held against slobodan milošević in [[ belgrade ]] , but the police and the military were deployed in the streets in order to restore | |||
| 7 | ]] ( jna ) maintained an impression of being neutral , but as time went on , it was becoming more and more involved in state politics . on [[ june | 25th | 25 | ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , slovenia and croatia became the first republics to declare illegal [[ independence ]] from yugoslavia . in slovenia , slovenian people ' s defence ( | |||
| 28 | austria - hungary ]] and the [[ ottoman empire ]] , the conditions were met for proclaiming the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenians in [[ december ]] [[ 1918 | ]] | . of the country ' s 12 million people , 4 . 6 million were [[ serbs ]] ( 38 . 8 % ) and 2 . 8 million were [[ | ||||
| 31 | stranka ' ' ) slowly grew to become a party endorsing croatian national interests and seeking a confederation . the elections for the constituent assembly in [[ november ]] [[ 1920 | ]] | brought victory for the two main serbian parties . [[ communism | communists ]] came third and croatian peasant party fourth . the newly formed government was determined to push through | ||||
| 93919711 | 0 | hurriedly building an independent political identity in international relations . prince paul submitted to the fascist pressure and signed the [[ tripartite treaty ]] in [[ vienna ]] on [[ march | 25th | 25 | ]] , [[ 1941 ]] , hoping to still keep yugoslavia out of the war . but this was at the expense of popular support for paul ' s regency . | ||
| 1 | for paul ' s regency . senior military officers were also opposed to the treaty and launched a [[ coup d ' état ]] when the king returned on [[ march | 27th | 27 | ]] . army general [[ dušan simović ]] seized power , arrested the vienna delegation , exiled paul , and ended the regency , giving 17 year old [[ peter ii | |||
| 2 | hungary | hungarian ]] , and [[ bulgaria ]] n forces attacked yugoslavia . the [[ luftwaffe ]] bombed [[ belgrade ]] and other major yugoslav cities . on [[ april | 17th | 17 | ]] , representatives of yugoslavia ' s various regions signed an armistice with germany at belgrade , ending eleven days of resistance against the invading german wehrmacht . more than three | |||
| 102668208 | 1 | flag . = = = corfu agreement = = = during june and july 1917 , the yugoslav committee met with the serbian government in corfu and on [[ 20 july | ]] | a declaration that laid the foundation for the post - war state was issued . the preamble stated that the serbs , croats and slovenes were " the same by blood | |||
| 103591048 | 0 | led to the secession of most of the constituent elements of the sfry . the ' ' ' federal republic of yugoslavia ' ' ' ( fry ) ( [[ april | 27 | 28 | ]] , [[ 1992 ]] & ndash ; [[ february 4 ]] , [[ 2003 ]] ) , was a [[ federation ]] on the [[ federal republic of yugoslavia | | ||
| 103596438 | 0 | led to the secession of most of the constituent elements of the sfry . the ' ' ' federal republic of yugoslavia ' ' ' ( fry ) ( [[ april | 28 | 27 | ]] , [[ 1992 ]] & ndash ; [[ february 4 ]] , [[ 2003 ]] ) , was a [[ federation ]] on the [[ federal republic of yugoslavia | | ||
| 107938591 | 10 | a time on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the 20th century . the ' ' ' kingdom of yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ december | 1 | ]] , [[ 1918 ]] & ndash ; [[ april 17 ]] , [[ 1941 ]] ) , also known as the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia | first yugoslavia ]] , | |||
| 11 | on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the 20th century . the ' ' ' kingdom of yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ december 1 ]] | , | [[ 1918 ]] & ndash ; [[ april 17 ]] , [[ 1941 ]] ) , also known as the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia | first yugoslavia ]] , was a | ||||
| 12 | , was a [[ monarchy ]] formed as the " kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes " after [[ world war i ]] and re - named on [[ january | 6 | ]] , [[ 1929 ]] by [[ alexander i of yugoslavia ]] . it was invaded on [[ april 6 ]] , [[ 1941 ]] by the [[ axis powers ]] | ||||
| 13 | a [[ monarchy ]] formed as the " kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes " after [[ world war i ]] and re - named on [[ january 6 ]] | , | [[ 1929 ]] by [[ alexander i of yugoslavia ]] . it was invaded on [[ april 6 ]] , [[ 1941 ]] by the [[ axis powers ]] and capitulated | ||||
| 14 | world war i ]] and re - named on [[ january 6 ]] , [[ 1929 ]] by [[ alexander i of yugoslavia ]] . it was invaded on [[ april | 6 | ]] , [[ 1941 ]] by the [[ axis powers ]] and capitulated eleven days later . the ' ' ' second yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ november 29 ]] | ||||
| 15 | i ]] and re - named on [[ january 6 ]] , [[ 1929 ]] by [[ alexander i of yugoslavia ]] . it was invaded on [[ april 6 ]] | , | [[ 1941 ]] by the [[ axis powers ]] and capitulated eleven days later . the ' ' ' second yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ november 29 ]] , [[ | ||||
| 16 | april 6 ]] , [[ 1941 ]] by the [[ axis powers ]] and capitulated eleven days later . the ' ' ' second yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ november | 29 | ]] , [[ 1943 ]] & ndash ; [[ june 25 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] ) , a [[ socialism | socialist ]] successor state to the kingdom of yugoslavia | ||||
| 17 | ]] , [[ 1941 ]] by the [[ axis powers ]] and capitulated eleven days later . the ' ' ' second yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ november 29 ]] | , | [[ 1943 ]] & ndash ; [[ june 25 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] ) , a [[ socialism | socialist ]] successor state to the kingdom of yugoslavia , existed | ||||
| 18 | powers ]] and capitulated eleven days later . the ' ' ' second yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ november 29 ]] , [[ 1943 ]] & ndash ; [[ june | 25 | ]] , [[ 1991 ]] ) , a [[ socialism | socialist ]] successor state to the kingdom of yugoslavia , existed under various names , including the " democratic federation | ||||
| 19 | and capitulated eleven days later . the ' ' ' second yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ november 29 ]] , [[ 1943 ]] & ndash ; [[ june 25 ]] | , | [[ 1991 ]] ) , a [[ socialism | socialist ]] successor state to the kingdom of yugoslavia , existed under various names , including the " democratic federation of yugoslavia | ||||
| 26 | image : proslavatito . jpg | thumb | right | 200px | 1968 . [[ league of communists of yugoslavia | yugoslav communist party ]] celebration . ]] on [[ april | 7 | ]] , [[ 1963 ]] the nation changed its official name to [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] and [[ josip broz tito | tito ]] was named [[ president | ||||
| 27 | proslavatito . jpg | thumb | right | 200px | 1968 . [[ league of communists of yugoslavia | yugoslav communist party ]] celebration . ]] on [[ april 7 ]] | , | [[ 1963 ]] the nation changed its official name to [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] and [[ josip broz tito | tito ]] was named [[ president for life | ||||
| 34 | 5 and the collapse of the regime ' s authority . the opposition ' s candidate , [[ vojislav koštunica ]] took office as yugoslav president on [[ october 6 ]] | , | [[ 2000 ]] . on [[ november 25 | ]] | , [[ 1942 ]] , the [[ avnoj | anti - fascist council of national liberation of yugoslavia ]] ( ' ' antifašističko vijeće narodnog oslobođenja jugoslavije ' ' ) was | ||
| 37 | jpg | right | thumb | [[ josip broz tito ]] during the winter of 1942 . {{ deletable image - caption }} ]] --> on [[ november 25 ]] , | [[ | 1942 ]] , the [[ avnoj | anti - fascist council of national liberation of yugoslavia ]] ( ' ' antifašističko vijeće narodnog oslobođenja jugoslavije ' ' ) was convened in | ||||
| 40 | ' antifašističko vijeće narodnog oslobođenja jugoslavije ' ' ) was convened in [[ bihać ]] , [[ bosnia and herzegovina | bosnia ]] . the council reconvened on [[ november 29 | ]] | , [[ 1943 ]] , in [[ jajce ]] , also in [[ bosnia and herzegovina | bosnia ]] and established the basis for post - war organization of the country | ||||
| 41 | vijeće narodnog oslobođenja jugoslavije ' ' ) was convened in [[ bihać ]] , [[ bosnia and herzegovina | bosnia ]] . the council reconvened on [[ november 29 ]] , | [[ | 1943 ]] , in [[ jajce ]] , also in [[ bosnia and herzegovina | bosnia ]] and established the basis for post - war organization of the country , establishing | ||||
| 44 | federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ image : sfryugoslavianumbered . png | thumb | 250px | right | numbered map of yugoslav republics and provinces . ]] on [[ january 31 | ]] | , [[ 1946 ]] , the new [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution ]] of [[ federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ]] , modeling | ||||
| 45 | of yugoslavia }} [[ image : sfryugoslavianumbered . png | thumb | 250px | right | numbered map of yugoslav republics and provinces . ]] on [[ january 31 ]] , | [[ | 1946 ]] , the new [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution ]] of [[ federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ]] , modeling the [[ | ||||
| 48 | = = [[ image : proslavatito . jpg | thumb | right | 250px | the 1968 [[ league of communists of yugoslavia ]] celebration . ]] on [[ 7 april | ]] [[ | 1963 ]] the nation changed its official name to [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] and [[ josip broz tito | tito ]] was named [[ president for life ]] | ||||
| 49 | image : proslavatito . jpg | thumb | right | 250px | the 1968 [[ league of communists of yugoslavia ]] celebration . ]] on [[ 7 april ]] [[ 1963 | ]] | the nation changed its official name to [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] and [[ josip broz tito | tito ]] was named [[ president for life ]] . in | ||||
| 51 | ]] . ]] [[ image : alijaizetbegovic1 . jpg | 200px | right | thumb | [[ alija izetbegović ]] . ]] after tito ' s death on [[ 4 may | ]] [[ | 1980 ]] , [[ ethnic group | ethnic ]] [[ tension ]] s grew in yugoslavia . the legacy of the [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | | ||||
| 52 | [[ image : alijaizetbegovic1 . jpg | 200px | right | thumb | [[ alija izetbegović ]] . ]] after tito ' s death on [[ 4 may ]] [[ 1980 | ]] | , [[ ethnic group | ethnic ]] [[ tension ]] s grew in yugoslavia . the legacy of the [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution of | ||||
| 54 | , arguing that like slovenes and croats , the serbs ( having in mind croatian serbs ) should also have a right to self - determination . on [[ march 9 | ]] | , [[ 1991 ]] , demonstrations were held against slobodan milošević in [[ belgrade ]] , but the police and the military were deployed in the streets to restore order , | ||||
| 55 | that like slovenes and croats , the serbs ( having in mind croatian serbs ) should also have a right to self - determination . on [[ march 9 ]] , | [[ | 1991 ]] , demonstrations were held against slobodan milošević in [[ belgrade ]] , but the police and the military were deployed in the streets to restore order , killing two | ||||
| 58 | serbian ethnicity , maintained an impression of being neutral , but as time went on , they got more and more involved in the state politics . on [[ june 25 | ]] | , [[ 1991 ]] , slovenia and croatia became the first republics to declare [[ independence ]] from yugoslavia . the federal customs officers in slovenia on the border crossings with | ||||
| 62 | and hungary mainly just changed uniforms since most of them were local slovenes . the border police was already slovenian before declaring independence . the following day ( [[ june 26 | ]] | ) , the federal executive council specifically ordered the army to take control of the " internationally recognized borders " . see [[ ten - day war ]] . the [[ | ||||
| 64 | ' ' ) . as a result of the conflict , the [[ united nations security council ]] unanimously adopted [[ un security council resolution 721 ]] on [[ november 27 | ]] | , [[ 1991 ]] , which paved the way to the establishment of [[ peacekeeping ]] operations in yugoslavia . < ref > {{ cite web | url = http : | ||||
| 65 | ) . as a result of the conflict , the [[ united nations security council ]] unanimously adopted [[ un security council resolution 721 ]] on [[ november 27 ]] , | [[ | 1991 ]] , which paved the way to the establishment of [[ peacekeeping ]] operations in yugoslavia . < ref > {{ cite web | url = http : / / | ||||
| 68 | in favour of forming serbian republic in borders of bosnia and herzegovina and staying in a common state with [[ serbia ]] and [[ montenegro ]] . on [[ january 9 | ]] | , [[ 1992 ]] , the self - proclaimed bosnian serb assembly proclaimed a separate " republic of the serb people of bosnia and herzegovina " . the referendum and creation | ||||
| 69 | of forming serbian republic in borders of bosnia and herzegovina and staying in a common state with [[ serbia ]] and [[ montenegro ]] . on [[ january 9 ]] , | [[ | 1992 ]] , the self - proclaimed bosnian serb assembly proclaimed a separate " republic of the serb people of bosnia and herzegovina " . the referendum and creation of sars | ||||
| 72 | thirds majority requirement actually meant and whether it was satisfied {{ fact | date = february 2007 }} . the republic ' s government declared its independence on [[ 5 april | ]] | , and the serbs immediately declared the independence of republika srpska . the [[ bosnian war | war in bosnia ]] followed shortly thereafter . = = = = the end | ||||
| 74 | = = the end of the second yugoslavia = = = = various dates are considered as the end of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia : * [[ june 25 | ]] | , [[ 1991 ]] , when [[ croatia ]] and [[ slovenia ]] declared independence * [[ september 8 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , following a referendum the [[ republic | ||||
| 75 | the end of the second yugoslavia = = = = various dates are considered as the end of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia : * [[ june 25 ]] , | [[ | 1991 ]] , when [[ croatia ]] and [[ slovenia ]] declared independence * [[ september 8 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , following a referendum the [[ republic of macedonia | ||||
| 78 | the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia : * [[ june 25 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , when [[ croatia ]] and [[ slovenia ]] declared independence * [[ september 8 | ]] | , [[ 1991 ]] , following a referendum the [[ republic of macedonia ]] declared independence * [[ october 8 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , when the [[ july 9 | ||||
| 79 | federal republic of yugoslavia : * [[ june 25 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , when [[ croatia ]] and [[ slovenia ]] declared independence * [[ september 8 ]] , | [[ | 1991 ]] , following a referendum the [[ republic of macedonia ]] declared independence * [[ october 8 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , when the [[ july 9 ]] moratorium | ||||
| 82 | and [[ slovenia ]] declared independence * [[ september 8 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , following a referendum the [[ republic of macedonia ]] declared independence * [[ october 8 | ]] | , [[ 1991 ]] , when the [[ july 9 ]] moratorium on slovenian and croatian secession was ended and croatia restated its independence in croatian parliament ( that day is | ||||
| 83 | slovenia ]] declared independence * [[ september 8 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , following a referendum the [[ republic of macedonia ]] declared independence * [[ october 8 ]] , | [[ | 1991 ]] , when the [[ july 9 ]] moratorium on slovenian and croatian secession was ended and croatia restated its independence in croatian parliament ( that day is celebrated as | ||||
| 86 | , [[ 1991 ]] , following a referendum the [[ republic of macedonia ]] declared independence * [[ october 8 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , when the [[ july 9 | ]] | moratorium on slovenian and croatian secession was ended and croatia restated its independence in croatian parliament ( that day is celebrated as independence day in croatia ) * [[ january 15 | ||||
| 88 | moratorium on slovenian and croatian secession was ended and croatia restated its independence in croatian parliament ( that day is celebrated as independence day in croatia ) * [[ january 15 | ]] | , [[ 1992 ]] , when slovenia and croatia were internationally recognized by most european countries * [[ april 6 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , full recognition of [[ bosnia | ||||
| 89 | slovenian and croatian secession was ended and croatia restated its independence in croatian parliament ( that day is celebrated as independence day in croatia ) * [[ january 15 ]] , | [[ | 1992 ]] , when slovenia and croatia were internationally recognized by most european countries * [[ april 6 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , full recognition of [[ bosnia and herzegovina | ||||
| 92 | as independence day in croatia ) * [[ january 15 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , when slovenia and croatia were internationally recognized by most european countries * [[ april 6 | ]] | , [[ 1992 ]] , full recognition of [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] ’ s independence by the united states and most european countries * [[ april 28 ]] , [[ | ||||
| 93 | day in croatia ) * [[ january 15 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , when slovenia and croatia were internationally recognized by most european countries * [[ april 6 ]] , | [[ | 1992 ]] , full recognition of [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] ’ s independence by the united states and most european countries * [[ april 28 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] | ||||
| 96 | april 6 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , full recognition of [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] ’ s independence by the united states and most european countries * [[ april 28 | ]] | , [[ 1992 ]] , the formation of fry ( see below ) * november 1995 , peace signed in dayton by leaders of yugoslavia , bosnia and herzegovina and croatia | ||||
| 97 | ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , full recognition of [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] ’ s independence by the united states and most european countries * [[ april 28 ]] , | [[ | 1992 ]] , the formation of fry ( see below ) * november 1995 , peace signed in dayton by leaders of yugoslavia , bosnia and herzegovina and croatia * [[ | ||||
| 100 | * [[ agreement on sub - regional arms control ]] * 1996 - 1999 , clashes between yugoslav army and [[ kosovo liberation army | kla ]] * [[ march 24 | ]] | - [[ june 10 ]] , [[ 1999 ]] , nato bombing of fr yugoslavia * june 1999 , [[ un ]] and [[ nato ]] administration arrived in [[ kosovo | ||||
| 101 | agreement on sub - regional arms control ]] * 1996 - 1999 , clashes between yugoslav army and [[ kosovo liberation army | kla ]] * [[ march 24 ]] - | [[ | june 10 ]] , [[ 1999 ]] , nato bombing of fr yugoslavia * june 1999 , [[ un ]] and [[ nato ]] administration arrived in [[ kosovo ]] * | ||||
| 102 | - regional arms control ]] * 1996 - 1999 , clashes between yugoslav army and [[ kosovo liberation army | kla ]] * [[ march 24 ]] - [[ june 10 | ]] | , [[ 1999 ]] , nato bombing of fr yugoslavia * june 1999 , [[ un ]] and [[ nato ]] administration arrived in [[ kosovo ]] * [[ february 5 | ||||
| 103 | arms control ]] * 1996 - 1999 , clashes between yugoslav army and [[ kosovo liberation army | kla ]] * [[ march 24 ]] - [[ june 10 ]] , | [[ | 1999 ]] , nato bombing of fr yugoslavia * june 1999 , [[ un ]] and [[ nato ]] administration arrived in [[ kosovo ]] * [[ february 5 ]] , | ||||
| 106 | , [[ 1999 ]] , nato bombing of fr yugoslavia * june 1999 , [[ un ]] and [[ nato ]] administration arrived in [[ kosovo ]] * [[ february 5 | ]] | , [[ 2003 ]] , state union of serbia and montenegro announced * [[ june 5 ]] , [[ 2006 ]] , after referendum in montenegro , serbia and montenegro declared | ||||
| 107 | 1999 ]] , nato bombing of fr yugoslavia * june 1999 , [[ un ]] and [[ nato ]] administration arrived in [[ kosovo ]] * [[ february 5 ]] , | [[ | 2003 ]] , state union of serbia and montenegro announced * [[ june 5 ]] , [[ 2006 ]] , after referendum in montenegro , serbia and montenegro declared their independences | ||||
| 110 | and [[ nato ]] administration arrived in [[ kosovo ]] * [[ february 5 ]] , [[ 2003 ]] , state union of serbia and montenegro announced * [[ june 5 | ]] | , [[ 2006 ]] , after referendum in montenegro , serbia and montenegro declared their independences * [[ february 17 ]] , [[ 2008 ]] , when [[ kosovo ]] unilaterally | ||||
| 111 | nato ]] administration arrived in [[ kosovo ]] * [[ february 5 ]] , [[ 2003 ]] , state union of serbia and montenegro announced * [[ june 5 ]] , | [[ | 2006 ]] , after referendum in montenegro , serbia and montenegro declared their independences * [[ february 17 ]] , [[ 2008 ]] , when [[ kosovo ]] unilaterally declared independence | ||||
| 114 | union of serbia and montenegro announced * [[ june 5 ]] , [[ 2006 ]] , after referendum in montenegro , serbia and montenegro declared their independences * [[ february 17 | ]] | , [[ 2008 ]] , when [[ kosovo ]] unilaterally declared independence from [[ serbia ]] = = federal republic of yugoslavia = = [[ image : yugoslaviamap . png | | ||||
| 115 | serbia and montenegro announced * [[ june 5 ]] , [[ 2006 ]] , after referendum in montenegro , serbia and montenegro declared their independences * [[ february 17 ]] , | [[ | 2008 ]] , when [[ kosovo ]] unilaterally declared independence from [[ serbia ]] = = federal republic of yugoslavia = = [[ image : yugoslaviamap . png | thumb | | ||||
| 118 | thumb | 250px | the federal republic of yugoslavia consisted of serbia and montenegro ]] the [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( fry ) was formed on [[ april 28 | ]] | , [[ 1992 ]] , and it consisted of the former socialist republic of serbia and socialist republic of montenegro . the new constitution of yugoslavia was voted by the rest | ||||
| 119 | 250px | the federal republic of yugoslavia consisted of serbia and montenegro ]] the [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( fry ) was formed on [[ april 28 ]] , | [[ | 1992 ]] , and it consisted of the former socialist republic of serbia and socialist republic of montenegro . the new constitution of yugoslavia was voted by the rest of mps | ||||
| 122 | october 5 and the collapse of the regime ' s authority . the opposition ' s candidate , [[ vojislav koštunica ]] took office as yugoslav president on [[ october 6 | ]] | , [[ 2000 ]] . on saturday , [[ march 31 | ]] | , [[ 2001 ]] , milošević surrendered to yugoslav security forces from his home in belgrade , following a recent warrant for his arrest on charges of abuse of power and | ||
| 127 | & nbsp ; [[ 1000000000 ( number ) | billion ]] [[ yugoslav dinar | dinars ]] ( 1993 ) . ]] --> on saturday , [[ march 31 ]] , | [[ | 2001 ]] , milošević surrendered to yugoslav security forces from his home in belgrade , following a recent warrant for his arrest on charges of abuse of power and corruption . | ||||
| 130 | surrendered to yugoslav security forces from his home in belgrade , following a recent warrant for his arrest on charges of abuse of power and corruption . on [[ june 28 | ]] | he was driven to the yugoslav - bosnian border where shortly after he was placed in the custody of [[ sfor ]] officials , soon to be extradited to the [[ | ||||
| 132 | . his trial on charges of [[ genocide ]] in bosnia and war crimes in croatia and in kosovo and metohija began at [[ the hague ]] on [[ february 12 | ]] | , [[ 2002 ]] , and he died there on [[ 11 march ]] , [[ 2006 ]] , while his trial was still ongoing . on [[ april 11 ]] | ||||
| 133 | trial on charges of [[ genocide ]] in bosnia and war crimes in croatia and in kosovo and metohija began at [[ the hague ]] on [[ february 12 ]] , | [[ | 2002 ]] , and he died there on [[ 11 march ]] , [[ 2006 ]] , while his trial was still ongoing . on [[ april 11 ]] , [[ | ||||
| 136 | in croatia and in kosovo and metohija began at [[ the hague ]] on [[ february 12 ]] , [[ 2002 ]] , and he died there on [[ 11 march | ]] , [[ | 2006 ]] , while his trial was still ongoing . on [[ april 11 ]] , [[ 2002 ]] , the yugoslav parliament passed a law allowing extradition of all persons | ||||
| 139 | ]] , [[ 2002 ]] , and he died there on [[ 11 march ]] , [[ 2006 ]] , while his trial was still ongoing . on [[ april 11 | ]] | , [[ 2002 ]] , the yugoslav parliament passed a law allowing extradition of all persons charged with war crimes by the international criminal tribunal . in march 2002 , the | ||||
| 140 | [[ 2002 ]] , and he died there on [[ 11 march ]] , [[ 2006 ]] , while his trial was still ongoing . on [[ april 11 ]] , | [[ | 2002 ]] , the yugoslav parliament passed a law allowing extradition of all persons charged with war crimes by the international criminal tribunal . in march 2002 , the governments of | ||||
| 143 | the fry in favour of a new , much weaker form of cooperation called [[ serbia and montenegro ]] . by order of the yugoslav federal parliament on [[ february 4 | ]] | , [[ 2003 ]] , yugoslavia , at least nominally , ceased to exist . a federal government remained in place in belgrade but assumed largely ceremonial powers . the individual | ||||
| 147 | their respective affairs almost as though the two republics were independent . furthermore , customs were established along the traditional border crossings between the two republics . on [[ may 21 | ]] | , [[ 2006 ]] , 86 percent of eligible montenegrin voters turned out for a special referendum on the independence of [[ montenegro ]] from the state union with serbia . | ||||
| 148 | affairs almost as though the two republics were independent . furthermore , customs were established along the traditional border crossings between the two republics . on [[ may 21 ]] , | [[ | 2006 ]] , 86 percent of eligible montenegrin voters turned out for a special referendum on the independence of [[ montenegro ]] from the state union with serbia . they voted | ||||
| 151 | favor of independence , recognised as above the 55 % threshold set by the [[ european union ]] for formal recognition of the independence of montenegro . on [[ june 3 | ]] | , [[ 2006 ]] , montenegro officially declared its independence , with serbia following suit two days later , effectively dissolving the last vestige of the former yugoslavia . = = | ||||
| 155 | have yet to apply so their acceptance generally is not expected before 2015 . these states are signatories of various partnership agreements with the european union . since [[ january 1 | ]] | , [[ 2007 ]] , they have been encircled by member - states of eu ( and albania , which is encircled with them ) . ' ' see also : | ||||
| 156 | to apply so their acceptance generally is not expected before 2015 . these states are signatories of various partnership agreements with the european union . since [[ january 1 ]] , | [[ | 2007 ]] , they have been encircled by member - states of eu ( and albania , which is encircled with them ) . ' ' see also : [[ enlargement | ||||
| 259630650 | 2 | , which applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004 . croatia applied for membership in 2003 , and could join before 2010 {{ fact | date = december 2008 | }} | < ref > http : / / www . europeanvoice . com / article / | . macedonia applied in 2004 , and will probably join by 2010 – 2015 {{ fact | date = december 2008 }} . the remaining four republics have yet to apply | ||
| 273508155 | 0 | is not expected before 2015 . these states are signatories of [[ enlargement of the european union | various partnership agreements ]] with the european union . since january 1 , | 2007 | 2070 | , they have been encircled by member - states of eu ( and albania , which is encircled with them ) . = = = remaining cultural and ethnic ties = | ||
| 273508566 | 0 | is not expected before 2015 . these states are signatories of [[ enlargement of the european union | various partnership agreements ]] with the european union . since january 1 , | 2070 | 2007 | , they have been encircled by member - states of eu ( and albania , which is encircled with them ) . = = = remaining cultural and ethnic ties = | ||
| 288331549 | 0 | atheism . about . com / library / world / kz / bl _ yugoreligiondemography . htm < / ref > = = = government = = = on 7 april | 1963 | 1943 | the nation changed its official name to [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] and [[ josip broz tito | tito ]] was named [[ president for life ]] . in | ||
| 288331617 | 0 | atheism . about . com / library / world / kz / bl _ yugoreligiondemography . htm < / ref > = = = government = = = on 7 april | 1943 | 1910 | the nation changed its official name to [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] and [[ josip broz tito | tito ]] was named [[ president for life ]] . in | ||
| 288331712 | 1 | atheism . about . com / library / world / kz / bl _ yugoreligiondemography . htm < / ref > = = = government = = = on 7 april | 1910 | 1963 | the nation changed its official name to [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] and [[ josip broz tito | tito ]] was named [[ president for life ]] . in | ||
| 303989605 | 0 | . about . com / library / world / kz / bl _ yugoreligiondemography . htm < / ref > = = = government = = = on 7 april 1963 | , | the nation changed its official name to [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] and [[ josip broz tito | tito ]] was named [[ president for life ]] . in | |||
| 324374703 | 2 | world war ii ]] stopped the fulfillment of those plans . prince paul submitted to the fascist pressure and signed the [[ tripartite treaty ]] in [[ vienna ]] on march | 25 | 39 | , 1941 , hoping to still keep yugoslavia out of the war . but this was at the expense of popular support for paul ' s regency . senior military officers | ||
| 3 | ii ]] stopped the fulfillment of those plans . prince paul submitted to the fascist pressure and signed the [[ tripartite treaty ]] in [[ vienna ]] on march 25 , | 1941 | 2000 | , hoping to still keep yugoslavia out of the war . but this was at the expense of popular support for paul ' s regency . senior military officers were also | |||
| 324375623 | 2 | world war ii ]] stopped the fulfillment of those plans . prince paul submitted to the fascist pressure and signed the [[ tripartite treaty ]] in [[ vienna ]] on march | 39 | 25 | , 2000 , hoping to still keep pokemon out of the war . but this was at the expense of popular support for paul ' s regency . senior military officers | ||
| 3 | ii ]] stopped the fulfillment of those plans . prince paul submitted to the fascist pressure and signed the [[ tripartite treaty ]] in [[ vienna ]] on march 39 , | 2000 | 1941 | , hoping to still keep pokemon out of the war . but this was at the expense of popular support for paul ' s regency . senior military officers were also | |||
| 337642740 | 14 | it was renamed to the [[ state union of serbia and montenegro ]] , and officially abolished the name " yugoslavia " . on june 3 and june 5 , 2006 | respectively , [[ montenegro ]] and [[ serbia ]] declared independence , thereby ending the yugoslav state . [[ kosovo ]] declared independence in 2008 . its statehood is , however , still disputed . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} yugoslavia was the idea for a single state for all [[ south slavs | south slavic ]] [[ intelligentsia ]] and emerged in the late 17th and gained prominence in the 19th century [[ illyrian movement ]] , that culminated in the realization of the ideal with the 1918 collapse of [[ house of habsburg | habsburg ]] [[ austria - hungary ]] at the end of [[ world war i ]] and the formation of the [[ kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ]] . however , the kingdom was better known , colloquially as well as even on maps , as yugoslavia ( or jugo - slavia in the rest of europe | ) ; in 1929 it was formally renamed the " kingdom of yugoslavia " . = = kingdom of yugoslavia = = < gallery align = right perrow = 6 > | |||
| 337769009 | 15 | it was renamed to the [[ state union of serbia and montenegro ]] , and officially abolished the name " yugoslavia " . on june 3 and june 5 , 2006 | respectively , [[ montenegro ]] and [[ serbia ]] declared independence , thereby ending the yugoslav state . [[ kosovo ]] declared independence in 2008 . its statehood is , however , still disputed . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} yugoslavia was the idea for a single state for all [[ south slavs | south slavic ]] [[ intelligentsia ]] and emerged in the late 17th and gained prominence in the 19th century [[ illyrian movement ]] , that culminated in the realization of the ideal with the 1918 collapse of [[ house of habsburg | habsburg ]] [[ austria - hungary ]] at the end of [[ world war i ]] and the formation of the [[ kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ]] . however , the kingdom was better known , colloquially as well as even on maps , as yugoslavia ( or jugo - slavia in the rest of europe | ) ; in 1929 it was formally renamed the " kingdom of yugoslavia " . = = kingdom of yugoslavia = = < gallery align = right perrow = 6 > | |||
| 337777732 | 15 | it was renamed to the [[ state union of serbia and montenegro ]] , and officially abolished the name " yugoslavia " . on june 3 and june 5 , 2006 | respectively , [[ montenegro ]] and [[ serbia ]] declared independence , thereby ending the yugoslav state . [[ kosovo ]] declared independence in 2008 . its statehood is , however , still disputed . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} yugoslavia was the idea for a single state for all [[ south slavs | south slavic ]] [[ intelligentsia ]] and emerged in the late 17th and gained prominence in the 19th century [[ illyrian movement ]] , that culminated in the realization of the ideal with the 1918 collapse of [[ house of habsburg | habsburg ]] [[ austria - hungary ]] at the end of [[ world war i ]] and the formation of the [[ kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ]] . however , the kingdom was better known , colloquially as well as even on maps , as yugoslavia ( or jugo - slavia in the rest of europe | ) ; in 1929 it was formally renamed the " kingdom of yugoslavia " . = = kingdom of yugoslavia = = < gallery align = right perrow = 6 > | |||
| 343664317 | 0 | montenegro constituted * june 5 , 2006 , after referendum in montenegro , montenegro declared their independence and serbia stated it is the successor of the state union . * february | 17 | 12 | , 2008 , [[ kosovo ]] declared independence from [[ serbia ]] = = federal republic of yugoslavia = = {{ main | federal republic of yugoslavia }} {{ see also | ||
| 343664397 | 0 | montenegro constituted * june 5 , 2006 , after referendum in montenegro , montenegro declared their independence and serbia stated it is the successor of the state union . * february | 12 | 17 | , 2010 , penguin is a hot mess in yugoslavia and it is no longer a friggin country = = federal republic of yugoslavia = = {{ main | federal republic | ||
| 1 | * june 5 , 2006 , after referendum in montenegro , montenegro declared their independence and serbia stated it is the successor of the state union . * february 12 , | 2010 | 2008 | , penguin is a hot mess in yugoslavia and it is no longer a friggin country = = federal republic of yugoslavia = = {{ main | federal republic of yugoslavia | |||
| 441313646 | 60 | world war ii ]] stopped the fulfillment of those plans . prince paul submitted to the fascist pressure and signed the [[ tripartite treaty ]] in [[ vienna ]] on march | 25 , | 1941 , hoping to still keep yugoslavia out of the war . but this was at the expense of popular support for paul ' s regency . senior military officers were | |||
| 63 | support for paul ' s regency . senior military officers were also opposed to the treaty and launched a [[ coup d ' état ]] when the king returned on march | 27 | . army general [[ dušan simović ]] seized power , arrested the vienna delegation , exiled paul , and ended the regency , giving 17 - year - old [[ peter | ||||
| 65 | shortly before his execution ]] = = = invasion of yugoslavia = = = {{ main | invasion of yugoslavia }} at 5 : 12 a . m . on april | 6 , | 1941 , [[ nazi germany | german ]] , [[ italian fascism | italian ]] and hungarian forces attacked yugoslavia . the german air force ( ' ' [[ luftwaffe ]] | ||||
| 71 | most notable of the victories against the occupying forces were the battles of [[ battle of neretva | neretva ]] and [[ battle of sutjeska | sutjeska ]] . on november | 25 , | 1942 , the [[ avnoj | anti - fascist council of national liberation of yugoslavia ]] was convened in [[ bihać ]] , modern day [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] . | ||||
| 72 | | anti - fascist council of national liberation of yugoslavia ]] was convened in [[ bihać ]] , modern day [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] . the council reconvened on november | 29 , | 1943 , in [[ jajce ]] , also in [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , and established the basis for post - war organization of the country , establishing a federation | ||||
| 80 | king ]] [[ peter ii of yugoslavia | peter ii ]] was deposed by yugoslavia ' s [[ constituent assembly ]] . however , he refused to abdicate . on january | 31 , | 1946 , the new [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution ]] of [[ federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ]] , modeled after the [[ | ||||
| 129 | just changed uniforms since most of them were local slovenes . the border police were mostly already slovenian before slovenia ' s declaration of independence . the following day ( june | 26 | ) , the federal executive council specifically ordered the army to take control of the " internationally recognized borders " . see [[ ten - day war ]] . the [[ | ||||
| 132 | up to the year 2000 . as a result of the conflict , the [[ united nations security council ]] unanimously adopted [[ un security council resolution 721 ]] on november | 27 , | 1991 , which paved the way to the establishment of [[ peacekeeping ]] operations in yugoslavia . < ref > {{ cite web | url = http : / / www | ||||
| 141 | overwhelming vote in favour of forming serbian republic in borders of bosnia and herzegovina and staying in a common state with [[ serbia ]] and [[ montenegro ]] . on january | 9 , | 1992 , the self - proclaimed bosnian serb assembly proclaimed a separate " republic of the serb people of bosnia and herzegovina " . the referendum and creation of sars were | ||||
| 522673151 | 1 | popular support for paul ' s regency . senior military officers were also opposed to the treaty and launched a coup d ' état when the king returned on 27 march | ]] | . army general [[ dušan simović ]] seized power , arrested the vienna delegation , exiled paul , and ended the regency , giving 17 - year - old [[ peter | |||
| 563181056 | 2 | creation of sars were proclaimed [[ constitutionality | unconstitutional ]] by the government of bosnia and herzegovina , and declared illegal and invalid . however , in february – march 1992 | , | the government held a national referendum on bosnian independence from yugoslavia . that referendum was in turn declared contrary to the bih and federal constitution by the federal constitution court in | |||
| 563182107 | 2 | ' s independence by the u . s . and most european countries * 28 april 1992 , [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] is formed * 14 december 1995 , | the | [[ dayton agreement ]] is signed by leaders of fr yugoslavia , bosnia and herzegovina and croatia = = new states = = {{ multiple image | align = right | | |||
| 582993096 | 2 | republic of yugoslavia }} [[ file : flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | thumb | 250px | flag of [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ]] on 29 november | 1945 | , while still in exile , [[ king of yugoslavia | king ]] [[ peter ii of yugoslavia | peter ii ]] was deposed by yugoslavia ' s [[ constituent assembly | |||
| 594475714 | 2 | deputies on the spot and in leader [[ stjepan radić ]] a few weeks later . {{ sfn | ramet | 2006 | p = 73 }} on 6 january 1929 | [[ | king [[ alexander i of yugoslavia | alexander i ]] suspended the constitution , banned national political parties , assumed executive power and renamed the country yugoslavia . he hoped to | |||
| 3 | on the spot and in leader [[ stjepan radić ]] a few weeks later . {{ sfn | ramet | 2006 | p = 73 }} on 6 january 1929 king | of yugoslavia | king ]] | [[ alexander i of yugoslavia | alexander i ]] suspended the constitution , banned national political parties , assumed executive power and renamed the country yugoslavia . he hoped to curb | ||||
| 606952320 | 1 | ]] and [[ kingdom of montenegro ]] . serbian royal [[ house of karađorđević ]] became the yugoslav royal dynasty . yugoslavia gained international recognition on 13 july 1922 at the | [[ | conference of ambassadors in paris . < ref > http : / / www . orderofdanilo . org / en / family / index . htm < / ref > the | |||
| 622094154 | 45 | / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of slovenia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | june 25 , 1991 | july | 7 , | 1991 ( after signing the [[ brioni agreement ]] ) | june 25 | } = = = succession , 1992 – 2003 = = = {{ multiple image | align | |||
| 656901506 | 10 | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of kosovo . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | 17 february 2008 | }} | | no official recognition due to [[ international recognition of kosovo | ongoing kosovar sovereignty dispute ]] {{ citation needed | date = august 2014 }} | 17 february | - | |||
| 27 | center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of slovenia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | 25 june 1991 | 7 july 1991 | }} < br / > | ( after signing the [[ brioni agreement ]] ) | 25 june | } = = = succession , 1992 – 2003 = = = {{ multiple image | align = | ||||
| 702550312 | 16 | with the formerly independent [[ kingdom of serbia ]] . the serbian royal [[ house of karađorđević ]] became the yugoslav royal dynasty . yugoslavia gained international recognition on 13 july | ]] [[ | 1922 at the [[ conference of ambassadors ]] in paris . < ref > http : / / www . orderofdanilo . org / en / family / index . htm | |||
| 17 | the formerly independent [[ kingdom of serbia ]] . the serbian royal [[ house of karađorđević ]] became the yugoslav royal dynasty . yugoslavia gained international recognition on 13 july 1922 | ]] | at the [[ conference of ambassadors ]] in paris . < ref > http : / / www . orderofdanilo . org / en / family / index . htm < | ||||
| 21 | centuries in which the territories had been part of the [[ ottoman empire ]] and [[ austria - hungary ]] . renamed the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] on 3 october | ]] [[ | 1929 , it was [[ invasion of yugoslavia | invaded ]] by the [[ axis powers ]] on 6 april 1941 . in 1943 , a democratic federal yugoslavia was proclaimed | ||||
| 22 | in which the territories had been part of the [[ ottoman empire ]] and [[ austria - hungary ]] . renamed the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] on 3 october 1929 | ]] | , it was [[ invasion of yugoslavia | invaded ]] by the [[ axis powers ]] on 6 april 1941 . in 1943 , a democratic federal yugoslavia was proclaimed by | ||||
| 24 | . renamed the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] on 3 october 1929 , it was [[ invasion of yugoslavia | invaded ]] by the [[ axis powers ]] on 6 april | ]] [[ | 1941 . in 1943 , a democratic federal yugoslavia was proclaimed by the [[ yugoslav partisans | partisan resistance ]] . in 1944 , the king recognised it as the legitimate | ||||
| 25 | renamed the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] on 3 october 1929 , it was [[ invasion of yugoslavia | invaded ]] by the [[ axis powers ]] on 6 april 1941 | ]] | . in 1943 , a democratic federal yugoslavia was proclaimed by the [[ yugoslav partisans | partisan resistance ]] . in 1944 , the king recognised it as the legitimate government | ||||
| 26 | [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] on 3 october 1929 , it was [[ invasion of yugoslavia | invaded ]] by the [[ axis powers ]] on 6 april 1941 . in | [[ | 1943 , a democratic federal yugoslavia was proclaimed by the [[ yugoslav partisans | partisan resistance ]] . in 1944 , the king recognised it as the legitimate government , but | ||||
| 702589142 | 16 | the formerly independent [[ kingdom of serbia ]] . the serbian royal [[ house of karađorđević ]] became the yugoslav royal dynasty . yugoslavia gained international recognition on [[ 13 july | ]] [[ | 1922 ]] at the [[ conference of ambassadors ]] in [[ paris ]] . < ref > http : / / www . orderofdanilo . org / en / family / | |||
| 17 | [[ kingdom of serbia ]] . the serbian royal [[ house of karađorđević ]] became the yugoslav royal dynasty . yugoslavia gained international recognition on [[ 13 july ]] [[ 1922 | ]] | at the [[ conference of ambassadors ]] in [[ paris ]] . < ref > http : / / www . orderofdanilo . org / en / family / index . | ||||
| 21 | in which the territories had been part of the [[ ottoman empire ]] and [[ austria - hungary ]] . renamed the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] on [[ 3 october | ]] [[ | 1929 ]] , it was [[ invasion of yugoslavia | invaded ]] by the [[ axis powers ]] on [[ 6 april ]] [[ 1941 ]] . in [[ 1943 ]] | ||||
| 22 | territories had been part of the [[ ottoman empire ]] and [[ austria - hungary ]] . renamed the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] on [[ 3 october ]] [[ 1929 | ]] | , it was [[ invasion of yugoslavia | invaded ]] by the [[ axis powers ]] on [[ 6 april ]] [[ 1941 ]] . in [[ 1943 ]] , a | ||||
| 24 | of yugoslavia ]] on [[ 3 october ]] [[ 1929 ]] , it was [[ invasion of yugoslavia | invaded ]] by the [[ axis powers ]] on [[ 6 april | ]] [[ | 1941 ]] . in [[ 1943 ]] , a [[ democratic federal yugoslavia ]] was proclaimed by the [[ yugoslav partisans | partisan resistance ]] . in [[ 1944 ]] , | ||||
| 25 | on [[ 3 october ]] [[ 1929 ]] , it was [[ invasion of yugoslavia | invaded ]] by the [[ axis powers ]] on [[ 6 april ]] [[ 1941 | ]] | . in [[ 1943 ]] , a [[ democratic federal yugoslavia ]] was proclaimed by the [[ yugoslav partisans | partisan resistance ]] . in [[ 1944 ]] , the king | ||||
| 33 | was proclaimed by the [[ yugoslav partisans | partisan resistance ]] . in [[ 1944 ]] , the king recognised it as the legitimate government , but in [[ november 1945 | ]] | the monarchy was abolished . [[ yugoslavia ]] was renamed the [[ federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ]] in [[ 1946 ]] , when a [[ communist government ]] | ||||
| 817772770 | 9 | of monarchy ]] | date _ event2 = 29 november 1945 | event _ end = [[ breakup of yugoslavia | disintegration ]] | date _ end = 27 april 1992 | | date _ end = 27 april | | year _ end = 1992 | stat _ year1 = 1918 | stat _ area1 = | stat _ pop1 = | stat _ year2 = | stat _ area2 | |||
| 857344426 | 10 | invasion of yugoslavia | axis invasion ]] | date _ event1 = 6 april 1941 | event2 = [[ abolition of monarchy ]] | date _ event2 = 29 november 1945 | | event3 = [[ peter ii of yugoslavia # deposition and exile | abolition of monarchy ]] | date _ event3 = 29 november 1945 | | event _ end = [[ breakup of yugoslavia | disintegration ]] | date _ end = 27 april | year _ end = 1992 | stat _ year1 = 1918 | |||
| 14 | date _ start = 1 december | year _ start = 1918 | event1 = [[ invasion of yugoslavia | axis invasion ]] | date _ event1 = 6 april 1941 | | | event2 = [[ abolition of monarchy ]] | date _ event2 = 29 november 1945 | event _ end = [[ breakup of yugoslavia | disintegration ]] | date _ end |
| left_string | del_string | ins_string | right_string | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 904667 | 2 | " kingdom of yugoslavia " in [[ 1929 ]] . after [[ world war ii ]] it became a [[ communism | communist ]] country , ( [[ petar ii karadjordjevic | | petar ii karad & # 382 ; ord & # 382 ; evi & # 263 ; | ]] was the last king ) under [[ president ]] [[ josip broz tito ]] , but unlike other eastern and central european communist countries , chose a course independent of | ||
| 952944 | 0 | of yugoslavia " in [[ 1929 ]] . after the [[ world war ii ]] it became a [[ communist state ]] , ( [[ petar ii karadjordjevic | petar ii | karad & # 382 ; ord & # 382 ; evi | karadjordjevi | & # 263 ; ]] was the last king ) established on [[ november 29 ]] [[ 1943 ]] in [[ jajce ]] under [[ president ]] [[ josip broz tito | |
| 9382057 | 0 | first multi - party election results , republics of slovenia and croatia proposed to transform yugoslavia into loose confederation of six republics in autumn 1990 , however [[ slobodan milosevic | | milosevic | milo & # 353 ; evi & # 263 ; | ]] rejected all such proposals with an argument that all serbs should live in the same country . slovenia and croatia declared independence from yugoslavia in [[ 1991 ]] ; macedonia | |
| 12142335 | 3 | history of greece | greece ]] , and before germany committed its forces to the greek campaign , it wanted to secure yugoslavia ' s support . [[ pavle karadjordjevic | | royal regent | , who continued on an authoritarian path with the prime minister [[ milan stojadinovic ]] . | paul ]] submitted to the fascist pressure and signed the [[ tripartite treaty ]] in [[ vienna ]] on [[ march 25 ]] , [[ 1941 ]] , hoping to still | |
| 18469162 | 3 | party election results , the republics of slovenia and croatia proposed transforming yugoslavia into a loose confederation of six republics in the autumn of 1990 , however [[ slobodan milosevic | | milo & # 353 ; evi & # 263 ; | milošević | ]] rejected all such proposals , arguing that all serbs should live in the same country . slovenia , croatia and macedonia declared independence from yugoslavia in [[ 1991 ]] . | |
| 29 | led to mass demonstrations in belgrade on october 5 and the collapse of the regime ' s authority . the opposition ' s candidate , reformed [[ nationalist ]] [[ vojislav | kostunica | vojislav | ko & # 353 ; tunica ]] took office as yugoslav president on [[ october 6 ]] . on [[ april 1 ]] , [[ 2001 ]] , milo & # | |||
| 22785116 | 28 | control of the country . the representatives of serbia , montenegro , kosovo - metohija , and vojvodina voted for the decision , while croatia ( [[ stjepan mesić | stipe | mesi & # 263 ; | mesić | ]] ) , slovenia ( [[ janez drnov & # 353 ; ek ]] ) , macedonia ( [[ vasil tupurkovski ]] ) and bosnia ( [[ bogi & # 263 | |
| 33 | led to mass demonstrations in belgrade on october 5 and the collapse of the regime ' s authority . the opposition ' s candidate , reformed [[ nationalist ]] [[ vojislav | ko & # 353 ; tunica | koštunica | ]] took office as yugoslav president on [[ october 6 ]] . on [[ april 1 ]] , [[ 2001 ]] , milo & # 353 ; evi & # 263 | ||
| 33738425 | 17 | and metohija ]] was reduced , though both entities retained a vote in the yugoslav presidency council . [[ image : smilo . jpg | frame | left | milošević ]] | meanwhile [[ slovenia ]] , under the presidency of [[ milan kucan ]] had since [[ 1986 ]] been following a course of democratisation and economic liberalisation , which put it on a collision course with milošević ' policies . [[ croatia ]] later followed suit . | in january 1990 , the extraordinary 14th congress of the [[ league of communists of yugoslavia ]] was convened . the serbian delegation , led by milošević , insisted on the | ||
| 39480979 | 1 | political authority and strengthened the power of the royal government in belgrade , causing dissatisfaction among the more federally minded croat and slovene politicians . in 1928 , [[ puniša račić | ]] , | ] | an ethnic serbian nationalist leader from montenegro , shot and killed croatian peasant party leader [[ stjepan radić ]] in the parliament chambers . king [[ alexander i of yugoslavia | | |
| 42217788 | 1 | ' ' ( ' ' jugoslavija ' ' in all [[ south slavic languages ]] , in [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] and [[ serbian language | serbian ]] cyrillic | ]] | ' ' југославија ' ' ) is a term used for three separate but successive political entities that existed during most of the 20th century on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] | ||
| 43578475 | 1 | political authority and strengthened the power of the royal government in belgrade , causing dissatisfaction among the more federally minded croat and slovene politicians . in 1928 , [ puniša račić | ] | ]] | an ethnic serbian nationalist leader from montenegro , shot and killed croatian peasant party leader [[ stjepan radić ]] in the parliament chambers . king [[ alexander i of yugoslavia | | |
| 43578520 | 1 | political authority and strengthened the power of the royal government in belgrade , causing dissatisfaction among the more federally minded croat and slovene politicians . in 1928 , [[ puniša račić | ]] | ]] , | an ethnic serbian nationalist leader from montenegro , shot and killed croatian peasant party leader [[ stjepan radić ]] in the parliament chambers . king [[ alexander i of yugoslavia | | |
| 44361382 | 11 | country , and after him there were republic and province premiers and presidents , plus communist party presidents . people whom he did not favor varied greatly . slobodan penezić krcun | served under | , | tito as chief of secret police in serbia and then after he started to complain about tito ' s politics , he was victim of a dubious traffic incident . minister | |
| 49267272 | 6 | mainly serbs ) was falling fast and by 1999 they formed as little as 10 % of the two million population . serbian [[ communist ]] leader [[ slobodan milošević ]] | , the new strong man of yugoslavia , tried | sought | to play on the revived serb nationalism , but ended up alienating all the other ethnic groups in the federation . autonomy of [[ vojvodina ]] and of [[ kosovo | | |
| 14 | , milošević in effect now controlled three of the eight votes in the presidency . [[ image : smilo . jpg | frame | left | [[ slobodan milošević ]] ]] | province | . [[ image : smilo . jpg | frame | left | [[ slobodan milošević ]] ]] meanwhile [[ slovenia ]] , under the presidency of [[ milan kučan ]] had | |||
| 21 | vote " , which would empower the majority population , the serbs . the slovenian and croatian delegations ( led by [[ milan kučan ]] and [[ ivica račan ]] , | respectively ) , favored democratisation and economic liberalization | sought to reform yugoslavia as to devolve power even more to republics | , but were voted down . as a result , the slovene and croatian delegations left the congress , and the all - yugoslav communist party was dissolved . following the | ||
| 45 | presidency . [[ image : smilo . jpg | frame | left | [[ slobodan milošević ]] ]] meanwhile [[ slovenia ]] , under the presidency of [[ milan kučan ]] | had since 1986 been following a course of democratisation and economic liberalisation | , which put it on a collision course with milošević ' policies . [[ croatia ]] later followed suit . in january 1990 , the extraordinary 14th congress of the [[ | |||
| 49792052 | 0 | www . ohr . int / ohr - info / maps / maps ] * [ http : / / www . slobodnajugoslavija . com / slobodna jugoslavija ] * [ | http : / / www . burek . co . yu burek forum ] the biggest forum in ex yugoslavia region | {{ commons | yugoslavia }} * [ http : / / www . royalfamily . org / the official website of the royal family of serbia ] * [ http : | ||
| 51123816 | 7 | [[ frano supilo ]] , [[ ivan meštrović ]] , [[ hinko hinković ]] and [[ franko potočnjak ]] from croatia and [[ nikola stojanović ]] and [[ dušan vasiljević ]] | ) | from bosnia and herzegovina first met with [[ pavle popović ]] , a representative of [[ nikola pašić ]] ' s [[ serbia ]] n government , on neutral ground in | ||
| 34 | frano supilo ]] , [[ ivan meštrović ]] , [[ hinko hinković ]] and [[ franko potočnjak ]] from croatia and [[ nikola stojanović ]] and [[ dušan vasiljević ]] from | bosnia and herzegovina first met with [[ pavle popović ]] , a representative of [[ nikola pašić ]] ' s [[ serbia ]] n government , on neutral ground in [[ florence ]] , [[ italy ]] , in an effort to coordinate their efforts towards building an independent state of western | south slavs . [[ lujo vojnović ]] was also present as an observer from the kingdom of [[ montenegro ]] . the new " yugoslav " cause ( from ' ' | |||
| 55039433 | 1 | ( ' ' jugoslavija ' ' in all [[ south slavic languages ]] , in [[ serbian language | serbian ]] and [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] [[ cyrillic ]] | ' ' југославија ' ' | ) is a term used for three separate but successive political entities that existed during most of the [[ 20th century ]] on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in [[ europe | ||
| 63327901 | 33 | help of some minor parties including the yugoslav muslim organization . shortly after the constitution was passed , old king peter died . he was succeeded by prince aleksandar ii karađorđević | ]] | . croats , as well as albanians , who were angry at the serb return to kosovo , harboured grievances against the serbs . slovenes were able to extract gains from | ||
| 48 | the 1920s , serbo - croat wrangle continued and on 20 june 1928 , after months of rows and even fist - fights in parliament , puniša račić , a montenegrin | ]] | serb , leapt up in the chamber and shot two croats and wounded three others , including stjepan radić , who eventually died . following this , king aleksandar i banned | |||
| 102 | of some minor parties including the yugoslav muslim organization . shortly after the constitution was passed , old king peter died . he was succeeded by prince aleksandar ii karađorđević . | croats , as well as albanians , who were angry at | the serb return to kosovo , harboured grievances against the serbs . slovenes were able to extract gains from the central serbo - croat dispute . half a million of them | |||
| 63330276 | 23 | . those inclined towards supporting the old kingdom of yugoslavia joined the [[ chetniks ]] , a mostly serb - composed nationalistic royalist guerilla army led by colonel [[ draža mihajlović | | dragoljub " draža " mihailović | ]] . those inclined towards supporting the [[ communist party of yugoslavia | communist party ]] ( and against the king ) joined the [[ partisans ( yugoslavia ) | yugoslav | ||
| 29 | loss of life in most regions of yugoslavia . the [[ demography | demographic ]] loss is estimated at 1 , 027 , 000 individuals by [[ vladimir žerjavić ]] and | [[ | bogoljub kočović , an estimate accepted by the [[ un ]] , while the official yugoslav authorities claimed 1 , 700 , 000 casualties . very high losses were among serbs | |||
| 30 | life in most regions of yugoslavia . the [[ demography | demographic ]] loss is estimated at 1 , 027 , 000 individuals by [[ vladimir žerjavić ]] and bogoljub kočović | ]] | , an estimate accepted by the [[ un ]] , while the official yugoslav authorities claimed 1 , 700 , 000 casualties . very high losses were among serbs of bosnia | |||
| 54 | | communist party ]] ( and against the king ) joined the [[ partisans ( yugoslavia ) | yugoslav national liberation army ]] , led by [[ josip broz tito ]] | , a [[ croats | croat ]] - [[ slovenian people | slovenian ]] member of the [[ communist party of yugoslavia ]] | . the nla initiated a [[ guerrilla warfare | guerrilla ]] campaign which was developed into the largest resistance army in occupied western and central europe . the chetniks initially made | |||
| 63521475 | 110 | tank by croatian mob . elsewhere , tensions were running high . in the same month , the [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] ( jugoslovenska narodna armija , jna | ' ' | ) met with the presidency of yugoslavia ( an eight member council composed of representatives from six republics and two autonomous provinces ) in an attempt to get them to declare | ||
| 63522056 | 1 | to exert pressure on 2 million serbs ( 20 % of total serbian population ) living outside serbia . [[ image : smilo . jpg | thumb | slobodan milošević ]] | ]] | serbian [[ communist ]] leader [[ slobodan milošević ]] sought to restore pre - 1974 serbian sovereignty , which republics of slovenia and croatia denounced as the revival of great serbian | ||
| 76992605 | 1 | the idea of unity . during an official visit to france in 1934 , the king was assassinated in [[ marseilles ]] by a [[ imro ]] [[ vlado chernozemski | | assassin | marksman ]] from [[ ivan mihailov | ivan mihailov ' s ]] [[ imro | ]] in the cooperation of the [[ ustaše ]] , a croatian separatist organization that pursued [[ nazi ]] policies . alexander was succeeded by his eleven year old son [[ | |
| 80313028 | 33 | thumb | right | 200px | [[ ante marković ]] ]] in [[ 1989 ]] [[ jeffrey sachs ]] was in yugoslavia helping the federal government under [[ ante marković ]] | prepare | prepared | the imf / [[ world bank group | world bank ]] " [[ shock _ therapy _ ( economics ) | shock therapy ]] " package , which was then introduced | |
| 80313856 | 15 | [[ image : ante marković . jpg | thumb | right | 200px | [[ ante marković ]] ]] in [[ 1989 ]] yugoslavian federal government under [[ ante marković ]] | prepared | prepare | the imf / [[ world bank group | world bank ]] " [[ shock _ therapy _ ( economics ) | shock therapy ]] " package , which was then introduced | |
| 82799705 | 11 | thumb | right | 200px | [[ ante marković ]] ]] in [[ 1989 ]] [[ jeffrey sachs ]] was in yugoslavia helping the federal government under [[ ante marković ]] | prepare | measurements for | the imf / [[ world bank group | world bank ]] " [[ shock _ therapy _ ( economics ) | shock therapy ]] " package , which was then introduced | |
| 82813167 | 10 | thumb | right | 200px | [[ ante marković ]] ]] in [[ 1989 ]] [[ jeffrey sachs ]] was in yugoslavia studying the federal government under [[ ante marković ]] | measurements for | prepare | the imf / [[ world bank group | world bank ]] " [[ shock _ therapy _ ( economics ) | shock therapy ]] " package , which was then introduced | |
| 83629642 | 4 | ]] ( ' ' četnici ' ' ) , a mostly serb - composed nationalistic royalist guerilla army led by colonel [[ draža mihajlović | dragoljub " draža " mihailović ]] | . but very shortly after the begining of war chetniks started to collaborate with nazis | . those inclined towards supporting the [[ communist party of yugoslavia | communist party ]] ( ' ' komunistička partija ' ' ) , and were against the king , joined | ||
| 94134661 | 1 | ]] * [[ montenegro ]] * [[ republic of macedonia ]] * [[ serbia ]] * [[ slovenia ]] [[ kosovo ]] ( in [[ serbian language | serbian ]] ; | ' ' | [[ kosova ]] in [[ albanian language | albanian ]] ) , a province in southern serbia , is a de - facto [[ protectorate ]] of the [[ un ]] | ||
| 94995394 | 6 | status for kosovo , as well as unification with [[ albania ]] . [[ image : ante marković . jpg | thumb | right | 200px | [[ ante marković ]] | . | ]] in 1989 [[ jeffrey sachs ]] was in yugoslavia helping the federal government under [[ ante marković ]] prepare the imf / [[ world bank group | world bank ]] | ||
| 18 | exert pressure on 2 million serbs ( 20 % of total serbian population ) living outside serbia . [[ image : smilo . jpg | thumb | [[ slobodan milošević ]] | . | ]] serbian [[ communist ]] leader [[ slobodan milošević ]] sought to restore pre - 1974 serbian sovereignty , which republics of slovenia and croatia denounced as the revival of great | |||
| 99559260 | 2 | ( ' ' komunistička partija ' ' ) , and were against the king , joined the [[ partisans ( yugoslavia ) | yugoslav national liberation army ]] narodno oslobodilacka vojska | ( | ' ' or | nov ) , led by [[ josip broz tito ]] . [[ image : jasenovac6 . jpg | right | thumb | 250px | [[ jasenovac concentration camp # mass murder | |
| 107220473 | 32 | | stipe mesić ]] ) , slovenia ( [[ janez drnovšek ]] ) , macedonia ( [[ vasil tupurkovski ]] ) and bosnia and hercegovina ( [[ bogić bogićević ]] ) | , | voted against . the tie delayed an escalation of conflicts , but not for long . following the first multi - party election results , the republics of slovenia and croatia | ||
| 107864960 | 10 | yugoslav army ' s officers stationed in croatian cities . in march 1990 , during the demonstrations in [[ split ]] ( croatia ) , a young [[ yugoslavs | yugoslav | ]] conscript | army soldier drove a tank through the mass and | was pushed off the tank after driving it through people . {{ fact | date = february 2007 }} also guns were fired from army bases through croatia . elsewhere , | |
| 26 | ]] , [[ kosovo and metohija ]] , and [[ vojvodina ]] voted for the decision , while all other republics , croatia ( [[ stjepan mesić | stipe mesić ]] | ) | , slovenia ( [[ janez drnovšek ]] ) , macedonia ( [[ vasil tupurkovski ]] ) and bosnia and hercegovina ( [[ bogić bogićević ]] ) , voted against . the | |||
| 28 | and [[ vojvodina ]] voted for the decision , while all other republics , croatia ( [[ stjepan mesić | stipe mesić ]] ) , slovenia ( [[ janez drnovšek ]] | ) | , macedonia ( [[ vasil tupurkovski ]] ) and bosnia and hercegovina ( [[ bogić bogićević ]] ) , voted against . the tie delayed an escalation of conflicts , but | |||
| 31 | mesić | stipe mesić ]] ) , slovenia ( [[ janez drnovšek ]] ) , macedonia ( [[ vasil tupurkovski ]] ) and bosnia and hercegovina ( [[ bogić bogićević ]] | ) | , voted against . the tie delayed an escalation of conflicts , but not for long . following the first multi - party election results , the republics of slovenia and | |||
| 107938591 | 28 | status for kosovo , as well as unification with [[ albania ]] . [[ image : ante marković . jpg | thumb | right | 200px | [[ ante marković ]] | . | ]] in 1989 [[ jeffrey sachs ]] was in yugoslavia helping the federal government under [[ ante marković ]] prepare the imf / [[ world bank group | world bank ]] | ||
| 30 | pressure on the 2 million serbs ( 20 % of total serbian population ) living outside serbia . [[ image : smilo . jpg | thumb | [[ slobodan milošević ]] | . | ]] serbian [[ communist ]] leader [[ slobodan milošević ]] sought to restore pre - 1974 serbian sovereignty . other republics , especially slovenia and croatia , denounced this move as | |||
| 158830225 | 0 | party ]] celebration ]] --> on [[ 7 april ]] [[ 1963 ]] the nation changed its official name to [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] and [[ josip broz | tito | bauer | | tito ]] was named [[ president for life ]] . in sfry , each republic and province had its own constitution , supreme court , parliament , president and prime | |
| 158835875 | 0 | party ]] celebration ]] --> on [[ 7 april ]] [[ 1963 ]] the nation changed its official name to [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] and [[ josip broz | bauer | tito | | tito ]] was named [[ president for life ]] . in sfry , each republic and province had its own constitution , supreme court , parliament , president and prime | |
| 165059312 | 10 | joined the [[ partisans ( yugoslavia ) | yugoslav national liberation army ]] ( ' ' narodno oslobodilačka vojska ' ' or nov ) , led by [[ josip broz tito | , a croatian national | ]] . | in 1989 [[ jeffrey sachs ]] was in yugoslavia helping the federal government under [[ ante marković ]] prepare the imf / [[ world bank group | world bank ]] " | |
| 214707204 | 1 | 2 million serbs ( 20 % of total serbian population ) living outside serbia . [[ image : milosevic - 1 . jpg | thumb | [[ slobodan milošević ]] ]] | the first | serbian [[ communist ]] leader [[ slobodan milošević ]] sought to restore pre - 1974 serbian sovereignty . other republics , especially slovenia and croatia , denounced this move as a | ||
| 4 | million serbs ( 20 % of total serbian population ) living outside serbia . [[ image : milosevic - 1 . jpg | thumb | [[ slobodan milošević ]] ]] serbian | [[ communist ]] | leader [[ slobodan milošević ]] sought to restore pre - 1974 serbian sovereignty . other republics , especially slovenia and croatia , denounced this move as a revival of great serbian | |||
| 214793779 | 3 | 2 million serbs ( 20 % of total serbian population ) living outside serbia . [[ image : milosevic - 1 . jpg | thumb | [[ slobodan milošević ]] ]] | the first | serbian leader [[ slobodan milošević ]] sought to restore pre - 1974 serbian sovereignty . other republics , especially slovenia and croatia , denounced this move as a revival of great | ||
| 231807278 | 7 | the [[ yugoslav army in the fatherland ]] , also known as the chetniks , serb royalist guerrilla army led by [[ draža mihajlović | dragoljub " draža " mihailović ]] | . those inclined towards supporting the [[ communist party of yugoslavia | communist party ]] ( ' ' komunistička partija ' ' ) , and | , while the pan - yugoslav oriented partisans | were against the king , joined the [[ partisans ( yugoslavia ) | yugoslav national liberation army ]] ( ' ' narodno oslobodilačka vojska ' ' or nov ) , led | |
| 27 | supporting the old kingdom of yugoslavia joined the [[ yugoslav army in the fatherland ]] , also known as the chetniks , serb royalist guerrilla army led by [[ draža mihajlović | | dragoljub " draža " mihailović | ]] . those inclined towards supporting the [[ communist party of yugoslavia | communist party ]] ( ' ' komunistička partija ' ' ) , and were against the king , | |||
| 231810308 | 20 | the 2 million serbs ( 20 % of total serbian population ) living outside serbia . [[ image : milosevic - 1 . jpg | thumb | [[ slobodan milošević ]] | . | ]] serbian [[ communist ]] leader [[ slobodan milošević ]] sought to restore pre - 1974 serbian sovereignty . other republics , especially slovenia and croatia , denounced this move as | ||
| 231811016 | 0 | [[ kingdom of serbs , croats , and slovenes election , 1923 | election 1923 ]] * [[ treaty of rome , 1924 ]] * assassination of [[ stjepan radić ]] | {{ expand - section | date = june 2008 }} | [[ image : banovine kj . jpg | thumb | 250px | right | map showing [[ kingdom of yugoslavia # internal divisions | banovinas ]] in 1929 ]] = = | ||
| 254149382 | 0 | greatly . the heavily pro - serbian chetniks were lead by [[ draža mihajlović ]] , while the pan - yugoslav oriented partisans were led by [[ josip broz tito ]] | , a croatian national | . the partisans initiated a [[ guerrilla warfare | guerrilla ]] campaign which was developed into the largest resistance army in occupied western and central europe . the chetniks were initially | ||
| 256388014 | 2 | right | 250px | breakup of [[ sfr yugoslavia ]] . ]] [[ image : milosevic - 1 . jpg | 200px | right | thumb | [[ slobodan milošević ]] | ' s unequivocal support for the unity of serbs and opposition to the autonomy of kosovo , inflamed ethnic tensions | . ]] [[ image : franjotudman . jpg | 200px | right | thumb | [[ franjo tuđman ]] . ]] [[ image : alijaizetbegovic1 . jpg | 200px | right | ||
| 5 | jpg | 200px | right | thumb | [[ slobodan milošević ]] . ]] [[ image : franjotudman . jpg | 200px | right | thumb | [[ franjo tuđman ]] | refused to partition croatia on ethnic lines , which angered serb nationalists who wished to remain in union with serbia . this resulted in the outbreak of violence and war between croats and serbs upon croatia declaring independence , which ended in ethnic cleansing of serbs from croatia | . ]] [[ image : alijaizetbegovic1 . jpg | 200px | right | thumb | [[ alija izetbegović ]] . ]] {{ main | dissolution of yugoslavia }} after tito ' | |||
| 8 | jpg | 200px | right | thumb | [[ franjo tuđman ]] . ]] [[ image : alijaizetbegovic1 . jpg | 200px | right | thumb | [[ alija izetbegović ]] | pushed for independence of bosnia , claiming that he would not allow bosnia to become part of a [[ greater serbia ]] which he accused the serbian government of sponsoring . the independence of bosnia was against serbs ' desire for their territory to remain in yugoslavia resulted in the bosnian war | . ]] {{ main | dissolution of yugoslavia }} after tito ' s death on 4 may 1980 , [[ ethnic group | ethnic ]] [[ stress ( biological ) | | |||
| 257767654 | 10 | socialist republic of macedonia ]] , with the capital in [[ skopje ]] ; * [[ socialist republic of montenegro ]] , with the capital in [[ podgorica | titograd ]] | ( now podgorica ) ; * | < / center > | < center > [[ image : sr montenegro coa . png | 40px ]] < / center > | - | 5 . | [[ socialist republic of serbia ]] , with the capital in [[ belgrade ]] , including : * * [[ autonomous province of kosovo and metohija ( 1946 - 1974 ) | |
| 259631121 | 2 | senior military officers were also opposed to the treaty and launched a [[ coup d ' état ]] when the king returned on march 27 . army general [[ dušan simović | ]] | seized power , arrested the vienna delegation , exiled paul , and ended the regency , giving 17 year old [[ peter ii of yugoslavia | king peter ]] full powers | ||
| 267655179 | 1 | . senior military officers were also opposed to the treaty and launched a [[ coup d ' état ]] when the king returned on march 27 . army general dušan simović | ]] | seized power , arrested the vienna delegation , exiled paul , and ended the regency , giving 17 year old [[ peter ii of yugoslavia | king peter ]] full powers | ||
| 284695040 | 75 | world war ii = = [[ file : stjepan filipovic . jpg | thumb | right | 200px | [[ yugoslav partisans | partisan ]] fighter [[ stjepan filipović | stjepan | " stevo " | filipović ]] shouting " death to fascism , freedom to the people ! " ( the partisan slogan ) shortly before his death . ]] = = = invasion of yugoslavia | ||
| 337642740 | 1 | croatian ]] , [[ bosnian language | bosnian ]] , [[ montenegrin language | montenegrin ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] : | ' ' jugoslavija ' ' ; [[ serbian cyrillic alphabet | cyrillic script ]] : југославија ; literally in english : " south slavia " or " land of the [[ south slavs ]] " ) is a term that describes three political entities that existed successively on the western part of [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the 20th century . the first country to be known by this name was the | * | [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , which before 3 october 1929 was known as the ' ' kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ' ' . it was established on | |
| 337769009 | 1 | croatian ]] , [[ bosnian language | bosnian ]] , [[ montenegrin language | montenegrin ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] : | ' ' jugoslavija ' ' ; [[ serbian cyrillic alphabet | cyrillic script ]] : југославија ; literally in english : " south slavia " or " land of the [[ south slavs ]] " ) is a term that describes three political entities that existed successively on the western part of [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the 20th century . the first country to be known by this name was the | * | [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , which before 3 october 1929 was known as the ' ' kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ' ' . it was established on | |
| 337777732 | 1 | croatian ]] , [[ bosnian language | bosnian ]] , [[ montenegrin language | montenegrin ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] : | ' ' jugoslavija ' ' ; [[ serbian cyrillic alphabet | cyrillic script ]] : југославија ; literally in english : " south slavia " or " land of the [[ south slavs ]] " ) is a term that describes three political entities that existed successively on the western part of [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the 20th century . the first country to be known by this name was the | * | [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , which before 3 october 1929 was known as the ' ' kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ' ' . it was established on | |
| 346898017 | 4 | , [[ montenegrin language | montenegrin ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' ; [[ serbian cyrillic | alphabet | cyrillic script | ]] : југославија ; literally in english : " south slavia " or " land of the [[ south slavs ]] " ) is a term that describes three political entities | ||
| 353731294 | 3 | serbo - croatian ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' ; [[ serbian cyrillic ]] : југославија | ; literally in english : " south slavia " or " land of the [[ south slavs ]] " | ) is a term that describes three political entities that existed successively on the western part of [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the 20th century . | ||
| 403964619 | 2 | between croats and serbs ahead of croatia ' s independence . ]] [[ file : alijaizetbegovic1 . jpg | thumb | 140px | right | bosnian president [[ alija izetbegović ]] | pushed for independence of bosnia , claiming that he would not allow bosnia and herzegovina to become part of what he called " [[ greater serbia ]] " which he accused the serbian government of sponsoring . as head of bosnia ' s government , izetbegović would wage war on three fronts : against bosnian serbs , bosnian croats and also against a rebel faction of bosniaks in northern bosnia led by [[ fikret abdić ]] . the bosnian state he initially wished to build was both against the serbs ' desire for their territory to remain in yugoslavia , and one which would disenfranchise non - bosniaks . ]] | {{ main | breakup of yugoslavia }} though the 1974 constitution dampened the institutional and material powers of the federal government , tito ' s authority substituted for this weakness until | ||
| 405577552 | 12 | main | yugoslav front ( world war ii ) }} from the start , the yugoslav resistance forces consisted of two factions : the communist - led [[ yugoslav partisans ]] | , | and the royalist [[ chetniks ]] . with the former receiving allied recognition only to the tehran conference ( 1943 ) . the heavily pro - serbian chetniks were led by | ||
| 408004710 | 1 | of yugoslavia ]] , and the emigrés loyal to the king led to the [[ tito - šubašić agreement ]] in june 1944 ; however , marshal [[ josip broz tito | ]] | was seen as a national hero by the citizens and was elected by referendum to lead the new independent [[ communism | communist ]] state , starting as a [[ prime | ||
| 441313646 | 103 | marshal [[ josip broz tito ]] ]] on 7 april 1963 , the nation changed its official name to [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] and [[ josip broz tito | | tito | ]] was named [[ president for life ]] . in the sfry , each republic and province had its own constitution , supreme court , parliament , president and prime minister | ||
| 106 | build a [[ multinational state ]] . the federation was constructed against a double background : an inter - war yugoslavia which had been dominated by the [[ serbs | serbian | ]] | ruling class ; and a war - time division of the country , as [[ kingdom of italy ( 1861 – 1946 ) | fascist italy ]] and [[ nazi germany | |||
| 562701743 | 2 | , and because of the events that followed , was officially abolished in 1943 and 1945 . the democratic federal yugoslavia was proclaimed in 1943 by the [[ yugoslav partisans | | partisans ]] | partisan | resistance movement during [[ world war ii ]] . it was renamed to the federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia in 1946 , when a communist government was established . | |
| 578738507 | 6 | . }} ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ serbo - croatian ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] : | ' ' jugoslavija ' ' , југославија ) , formed in 1918 | }} | as the ' ' kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ' ' , was a country in the western part of [[ southeast europe ]] during most of the 20th | |
| 594475714 | 1 | leading to the first official use of ' ' yugoslavia ' ' in 1929 . = = = king alexander = = = on 20 june 1928 serb deputy puniša račić | ]] | shot at five members of the opposition croatian peasant party in the [[ parliament of yugoslavia | national assembly ]] resulting in the death of two deputies on the spot and | ||
| 605734785 | 5 | . communist ideas were banned also . the king was assassinated in [[ marseille ]] during an official visit to france in 1934 by an experienced [[ vlado chernozemski | marksman | ]] | from [[ ivan mihailov | ivan mihailov ' s ]] [[ internal macedonian revolutionary organization ]] with the cooperation of the [[ ustaše ]] , a croatian fascist revolutionary organization . | ||
| 611563753 | 3 | of the former [[ austro - hungarian empire ]] ) with the formerly independent [[ kingdom of serbia ]] and [[ kingdom of montenegro ]] . the [[ serbs | serbian | ]] | royal | [[ karađorđević dynasty ]] became the yugoslav royal dynasty . yugoslavia gained international recognition on 13 july 1922 at the [[ conference of ambassadors ]] in paris . < ref > | |
| 4 | former [[ austro - hungarian empire ]] ) with the formerly independent [[ kingdom of serbia ]] and [[ kingdom of montenegro ]] . the [[ serbs | serbian ]] [[ | house of | karađorđević dynasty ]] became the yugoslav royal dynasty . yugoslavia gained international recognition on 13 july 1922 at the [[ conference of ambassadors ]] in paris . < ref > http | |||
| 6 | [[ austro - hungarian empire ]] ) with the formerly independent [[ kingdom of serbia ]] and [[ kingdom of montenegro ]] . the [[ serbs | serbian ]] [[ karađorđević | dynasty | ]] became the yugoslav royal dynasty . yugoslavia gained international recognition on 13 july 1922 at the [[ conference of ambassadors ]] in paris . < ref > http : / | |||
| 616725067 | 1 | émigrés loyal to the king led to the [[ tito - šubašić agreement ]] in june 1944 ; however , [[ marshal of yugoslavia | marshal ]] josip broz tito was | seen as a national hero by the citizens | in contgrol | and was elected by referendum to lead the new independent communist state , starting as a prime minister . {{ citation needed | date = november 2013 }} the official yugoslav | |
| 616890253 | 9 | marshal [[ josip broz tito ]] ]] on 7 april 1963 , the nation changed its official name to [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] and [[ josip broz tito | ]] | was named [[ president for life ]] . in the sfry , each republic and province had its own constitution , supreme court , parliament , president and prime minister . | ||
| 755859592 | 5 | , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' ; [[ serbian cyrillic alphabet | serbian cyrillic ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] : југославија | }} | ) was a country in [[ southeast europe ]] during most of the 20th century . it came into existence after [[ world war i ]] in 1918 {{ efn - | ||
| 769781147 | 0 | | e }} < br / > [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] {{ ref label | f | f }} | religion = | demonym = [[ yugoslavs | yugoslav | , yugoslavian | ]] | currency = [[ yugoslav dinar ]] | , from 1945 to [[ 1946 ]] , * * ' ' ' federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ' ' ' from 1946 to [[ 1963 ]] , * * ' ' ' socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ' ' ' - article on the republic , 1963 to 1991 . * [[ federal republic of yugoslavia | republic of yugoslavia ]] , which exists from 1991 , under names : * * ' ' ' federal republic of yugoslavia ' ' ' , from 1991 to [[ 2003 ]] , * * ' ' ' serbia and montenegro ' ' ' , from 2003 onward . the rest of this article speaks about federal republic of yugoslavia . - - - - | < div style = " float : right " > [[ image : yugoslavia _ flag _ medium . png ]] < / div > the ' ' ' federal republic | |
| 1298298 | 22 | 1946 to [[ 1963 ]] , * [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] from 1963 to [[ 1992 ]] * federal republic of yugoslavia , from 1992 to [[ 2003 | ]] , * [[ serbia and montenegro ]] , from 2003 onward . see [[ history of yugoslavia ]] for relation among the three . the rest of this article speaks about federal republic of yugoslavia . - - - - | < div style = " float : right " > [[ image : yugoslavia _ flag _ medium . png ]] < / div > the ' ' ' federal republic | ||
| 1308223 | 1 | there were large ethnic minorities within the various countries ( serbian regions in croatia and bosnia , [[ croatia | croatian ]] in bosnia , [[ albanians ]] in serbia and | the republic of macedonia , [[ hungary | hungarian ]] in serbia ) , this was used as the cause for some bloody wars ( [[ history of slovenia | slovenia ]] , [[ history of croatia | croatia ]] , [[ history of bosnia and herzegovina | bosnia ]] , [[ kosovo war ]] ) , through which serbian nationalists tried to maintain the control over the whole of [[ former yugoslavia ]] . | [[ category : yugoslavia | * ]] [[ category : former countries ]] | ||
| 8716078 | 10 | approximately one million people ( the [[ demography | demographic ]] loss was 1 , 700 , 000 people or 10 % of the population ) . in liberated territories , | the | nla organized [[ people ' s committee ]] s to act as civilian government . on [[ november 25 ]] , [[ 1942 ]] , the [[ avnoj | anti - | ||
| 8718523 | 0 | population by carrying out reprisal killings and by giving a free hand to the quisling forces of the government of croatia , leading to great civilain loss of life , principally | but not exclusively | among the serbs of bosnia and croatia , whose populations provided the bulk of partisan formations . the current estimate of the [[ demography | demographic ]] loss is 1 , | ||
| 8771250 | 0 | armistice with germany at belgrade , ending eleven days of resistance against the invading german wehrmacht . more than three hundred thousand yugoslav officers and soldiers were taken prisoner . the | [[ | axis powers occupied yugoslavia and split it up . the [[ independent state of croatia ]] was established as a nazi puppet - state , ruled by the far - right | ||
| 1 | germany at belgrade , ending eleven days of resistance against the invading german wehrmacht . more than three hundred thousand yugoslav officers and soldiers were taken prisoner . the axis powers | ]] | occupied yugoslavia and split it up . the [[ independent state of croatia ]] was established as a nazi puppet - state , ruled by the far - right militia [[ | |||
| 8778698 | 0 | which made later break - up easier . = = = breakup = = = after tito ' s death in [[ 1980 ]] , ethnic tension grew in yugoslavia . | some members of | the [[ serbian academy of sciences and arts ]] published a memorandum in the 1980s that opposed the policy of the federation and promoted serbian nationalism . the [[ albanians | | ||
| 9383013 | 9 | & # 263 ; ]] ) voted against . the tie somewhat delayed escalation of conflicts , but not for long . following the first multi - party election results , | the | republics of slovenia and croatia proposed to transform yugoslavia into loose confederation of six republics in autumn 1990 , however [[ slobodan milosevic | milo & # 353 ; evi & | ||
| 10662657 | 4 | crown prince [[ petar ii karadjordjevic | peter ]] as the new king . apparently this defiance infuriated [[ adolf hitler | hitler ]] , so the axis decided to attack | both | yugoslavia and greece on [[ april 6 ]] . ( as a result , hitler had to delay the launch of [[ operation barbarossa ]] by four weeks , which proved | ||
| 11161056 | 0 | twentieth century ' ' , volume 2 . new york : american council of learned societies , 1983 . ed 236 094 . * johnstone , diana : ' ' fools | ’ | & # 8217 ; | crusade : yugoslavia , nato , and western delusions ' ' . monthly review press , 2002 . * owen , david : ' ' balkan odyssey ' ' . harcourt | |
| 12429233 | 1 | reorganize the regional divisions within the country and renamed it the ' ' [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' . all national identities except " yugoslav " were abolished . | vardar macedonia was declared the region of [[ vardar banovina ]] , its ethnic bulgarian majority received a new " south serb " identity . | yugoslavia became a highly [[ militarism | militarized ]] state , which spawned several insurgent nationalist groups opposed to the royal dictatorship . the king was highly unpopular , particularly among | ||
| 3 | ]] and [[ slovenia ]] , while other parts of the country were occupied by [[ albania ]] , [[ bulgaria ]] , [[ hungary ]] and [[ italy ]] . | some | yugoslavs opposing the [[ nazi ]] s organized resistance movements . those inclined towards supporting the old kingdom of yugoslavia joined the [[ chetniks ]] , a mostly serb - composed | |||
| 12432682 | 3 | reorganize the regional divisions within the country and renamed it the ' ' [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' . all national identities except " yugoslav " were abolished . | vardar macedonia was declared the region of [[ vardar banovina ]] , its ethnic bulgarian majority received a new " south serb " identity . | yugoslavia became a highly [[ militarism | militarized ]] state , which spawned several insurgent nationalist groups opposed to the royal dictatorship . the king was highly unpopular , particularly among | ||
| 4 | ]] and [[ slovenia ]] , while other parts of the country were occupied by [[ albania ]] , [[ bulgaria ]] , [[ hungary ]] and [[ italy ]] . | some | yugoslavs opposing the [[ nazi ]] s organized resistance movements . those inclined towards supporting the old kingdom of yugoslavia joined the [[ chetniks ]] , a mostly serb - composed | |||
| 12765421 | 1 | second yugoslavia = = ' ' main article : [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ' ' [[ image : prfli . jpg | thumb | 200px | marshal tito | ]] | led yugoslavia from the end of world war ii until his death in 1980 . ]] on [[ january 31 ]] , [[ 1946 ]] the new [[ constitution of the | ||
| 13197885 | 1 | . ]] - sponsored peace talks in [[ dayton , ohio ]] , with the so - called [[ dayton agreement ]] . after some years of peace , in [[ | 1998 | 1996 | ]] , the albanian organization [[ kosovo liberation army ]] started terrorist actions in the southern serbian province . in [[ 1999 ]] nato bombed serbia and montenegro for more than | |
| 4 | some years of peace , in [[ 1998 ]] , the albanian organization [[ kosovo liberation army ]] started terrorist actions in the southern serbian province . in [[ 1999 ]] | , | nato bombed serbia and montenegro for more than two months ( see [[ kosovo war ]] ) . since june 1999 , the province has been governed by peace - keeping | |||
| 13672323 | 5 | highly unpopular , particularly among non - serbs , and while on a visit to [[ marseille ]] , [[ france ]] in [[ 1934 ]] , he was assassinated by | the ethnic [[ bulgarian ]] vlado chernozemski acting on behalf of | [[ vmro ]] . king alexander ' s son and successor , [[ peter ii of yugoslavia | peter ii ]] , was a child , so power fell into the | ||
| 22506688 | 7 | of sfry are [[ june 25 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , when croatia and slovenia declared independence , [[ october 9 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , when the [[ | * | moratorium ]] on slovenian and croatian secession , agreed on [[ july 9 ]] at brioni ( see detailed entry at [[ brioni agreement ]] ) by representatives of all republics | ||
| 10 | sfry are [[ june 25 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , when croatia and slovenia declared independence , [[ october 9 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , when the [[ moratorium | ]] | on slovenian and croatian secession , agreed on [[ july 9 ]] at brioni ( see detailed entry at [[ brioni agreement ]] ) by representatives of all republics , was | |||
| 22785116 | 35 | twentieth century ' ' , volume 2 . new york : american council of learned societies , 1983 . ed 236 094 . * johnstone , diana : ' ' fools | & # 8217 ; | ’ | crusade : yugoslavia , nato , and western delusions ' ' . monthly review press , 2002 . * owen , david : ' ' balkan odyssey ' ' . harcourt | |
| 22950357 | 0 | {st@rt} ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( | югославия | југославија | , ' ' jugoslavija ' ' in all [[ south slavic languages ]] ) is a term used for three separate but successive political entities that existed during most of the | |
| 30912745 | 0 | , [[ france ]] in [[ 1934 ]] , he was assassinated by [[ imro | bulgarian nationalist and imro activist ]] velichko kerin ( more popular with his revolutionary pseudonym | [[ | vlado chernozemski ) . his son and successor , [[ peter ii of yugoslavia | peter ii ]] ( petar ii ) , was a child , so power fell into | ||
| 31961080 | 15 | including the autonomous provinces of [[ vojvodina ]] and of [[ kosovo ]] , officially known as kosovo and [[ metohija ]] ) and [[ montenegro ]] . in [[ 2001 | ]] | , the name yugoslavia was to be officially abolished when the state would transform into a loose commonwealth called [[ serbia and montenegro ]] which finally happened on [[ february 4 | ||
| 40 | right for self - determination , up to secession , which made later break - up easier . = = = breakup = = = after tito ' s death in | [[ | 1980 ]] , ethnic tensions grew in yugoslavia . some members of the [[ serbian academy of sciences and arts ]] drafted a memorandum in the 1980s that opposed the policy | |||
| 53 | | u . s . ]] - sponsored peace talks in [[ dayton , ohio ]] , with the so - called [[ dayton agreement ]] . starting in [[ 1996 | ]] | , the albanian organization [[ kosovo liberation army ]] started terrorist actions in the southern serbian province . the situation worsened , with the yugoslav reaction causing many ethnic - albanians | |||
| 54 | their homes , to the point that there was widespread violence and emigration . following the [[ racak incident ]] and unsuccessful [[ rambouillet agreement ]] in the early months of | [[ | 1999 ]] , nato proceeded to bombard serbia and montenegro for more than two months , until the milošević government submitted to their demands and withdrew its forces from kosovo . | |||
| 63 | * [[ slovenia ]] the first former yugoslav republic that joined the [[ european union ]] was slovenia which applied in [[ 1996 ]] and became a member in [[ 2004 | ]] | . croatia applied for membership in [[ 2003 ]] , and could join before [[ 2010 ]] . macedonia applied in 2004 , and will probably join by 2010 - [[ | |||
| 67 | slovenia which applied in [[ 1996 ]] and became a member in [[ 2004 ]] . croatia applied for membership in [[ 2003 ]] , and could join before [[ 2010 | ]] | . macedonia applied in 2004 , and will probably join by 2010 - [[ 2015 ]] . the remaining three republics have yet to apply so their acceptance generally isn ' | |||
| 32922260 | 2 | central europe . the chetniks initially made notable incursions and were supported by the exiled royal government as well as the [[ allies ]] , but soon started to collaborate with | [[ | axis powers against nla . after allies realised that chetniks were helping germans they ceased to support them . the german response to resistance movement was to punish the civil population | ||
| 33738425 | 2 | by the exiled royal government as well as the [[ allies ]] , but soon started to [[ collaboration | collaborate ]] with [[ axis powers ]] against nla . after | the | allies realised that chetniks were helping germans they ceased to support them . the german response to resistance movement was to punish the civil population by carrying out reprisal killings and | ||
| 3 | royal government as well as the [[ allies ]] , but soon started to [[ collaboration | collaborate ]] with [[ axis powers ]] against nla . after allies realised that | the | chetniks were helping germans they ceased to support them . the german response to resistance movement was to punish the civil population by carrying out reprisal killings and by giving a | |||
| 9 | krcun served under tito as chief of secret police in serbia and then after he started to complain about tito ' s politics , he was victim of a dubious traffic | incidnt | incident | . aleksandar ranković lost all of his titles and rights after a major disagreement with tito regarding state politics . sometimes ministers in government were more important than the premier , | ||
| 30 | the decision in the [[ brioni agreement ]] , agreed upon by representatives of all republics . secession of the newly - formed states marked the beginning of the bloody [[ | 1991 ]] . ethnic serbs , who had created a serb break - away state in heavily serb - populated regions , with the aid of the | yugoslav wars ]] . these began with a short war in slovenia and continued with a war in croatia in 1991 . in september 1991 , the republic of macedonia also | |||
| 38 | policy that empowered the republics and rather wanted to introduce a policy of " one person , one vote " , which would empower the majority population , the serbs . | this caused | the slovenian and croatian delegations ( led by [[ milan kučan ]] and [[ ivica račan ]] , respectively ) , who instead favored more economic liberalization , to leave the | |||
| 33836329 | 0 | and herzegovina held a referendum on independence in early 1992 , which was illegal under bosnian constitution . large areas of the republic was at this time under the control of | the | newly created [[ republika srpska | republika srpska of bosnia and herzegovina ]] supported by the yugoslav army . in these areas , the independence referendum was boycotted . heavy pro | ||
| 34035074 | 11 | | u . s . ]] - sponsored peace talks in [[ dayton , ohio ]] , with the so - called [[ dayton agreement ]] . starting in 1996 , | throughout the 1990s the leadership of | the albanian organization [[ kosovo liberation army ]] started terrorist actions in the southern serbian province . the yugoslav reaction resulted in a large number of civilian deaths , and caused | ||
| 34136474 | 8 | independence for the province . frustrated by the lack of success of these policies , radical albanians formed the [[ kosovo liberation army ]] , which , starting in 1996 , | carried out armed actions in the southern | serbian province . serbian authorities denounced it as a [[ terrorism | terrorist ]] organisation , and its indiscriminate tactics also led the [[ u . s . state department ]] | ||
| 34241920 | 7 | achieve independence for the province . in 1996 the [[ kosovo liberation army ]] was formed , deemed terrorist by , among others , serbian and [[ usa ]] authorities . | its indiscriminate tactics also led the u . s . state department to add it to its list of terrorist organisations . | the yugoslav reaction involved the indiscriminate use of force against civilian populations , and caused many ethnic - albanians to flee their homes . following the [[ racak incident ]] and | ||
| 34474488 | 3 | the albanian population had been pursuing tactics of non - violent resistence in order to achieve independence for the province . frustrated by the lack of success of these policies , | radical | albanians formed the [[ kosovo liberation army ]] , which , starting in 1996 , carried out armed actions in the southern serbian province . serbian authorities denounced it as a | ||
| 34508805 | 0 | , throughout the 1990s the leadership of the albanian population had been pursuing tactics of non - violent resistence in order to achieve independence for the province . in 1996 , | radical | albanians formed the [[ kosovo liberation army ]] ( considered terrorist organisation by , among others , serbian authorities , and the u . s . state department , which added | ||
| 36660567 | 2 | under tito as chief of secret police in serbia and then after he started to complain about tito ' s politics , he was victim of a dubious traffic incident . | minister of the interior | aleksandar ranković lost all of his titles and rights after a major disagreement with tito regarding state politics . sometimes ministers in government were more important than the premier , such | ||
| 36976149 | 0 | {st@rt} ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( ' ' jugoslavija ' ' in all [[ south slavic languages ]] , in | [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] and [[ serbian language | serbian ]] | cyrillic ' ' југославија ' ' ) is a term used for three separate but successive political entities that existed during most of the [[ 20th century ]] on the [[ | ||
| 36976739 | 0 | {{ note | malcolm }} [[ noel malcolm ]] - ' ' bosnia - a short history ' ' ( macmillan , 1994 ) = = further reading = = * | misha glenny : ' ' | the fall of yugoslavia : the third balkan war , [[ misha glenny ]] isbn 0 - 14 - 026101 - x = = external links = = * [ http | ||
| 37508256 | 11 | yugoslavia . [ http : / / www . nato . int / ifor / un / u911127a . htm ] in [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] in november [[ 1991 | ]] | , the bosnian serbs held a referendum which resulted in an overwhelming vote in favour of staying in a common state with [[ serbia ]] and [[ montenegro ]] . on | ||
| 39238987 | 0 | two - thirds majority requirement actually meant and whether it was satisfied {{ fact }} . the republic ' s government declared its independence on [[ 5 april ]] , and | since that decision was made without the consent of all tree nations living in bosnia ( the votes of serbs were igored , though such decision should be supported by all bosinan nations ) , | the serbs immediately declared the independence of republika srpska . the [[ bosnian war | war in bosnia ]] followed shortly thereafter . the so - called badinter commission formed by | ||
| 39341750 | 1 | independence becoming the only former republic to gain sovereignty without resistance from the belgrade based yugoslav authorities . 500 u . s soldiers were then deployed under the u . n | . | banner to monitor macedonia ' s northern borders with the republic of serbia , yugoslavia . macedonia ' s first president , [[ kiro gligorov ]] , maintained good relations with | ||
| 42217788 | 16 | ( including the autonomous provinces of [[ vojvodina ]] and of [[ kosovo ]] , officially known as kosovo and [[ metohija ]] ) and [[ montenegro ]] . in 2001 | ]] | , the name yugoslavia was to be officially abolished when the state would transform into a loose commonwealth called [[ serbia and montenegro ]] which finally happened on [[ february 4 | ||
| 43365603 | 1 | the albanians and the non - albanians in the province . in the 1980s , the albanians were the largest ethnic group in kosovo with over 90 % of the population | of kosovo in the 1980 ' s , ethnic - albanians were the majority | . the principle slavs , mainly serbs , were fast reducing in size and would by 1999 be as little as 10 % of the two million population . serbian [[ | ||
| 43367294 | 7 | belgrade ]] , but the police and the military were deployed in the streets in order to restore order , killing two people . in late march , 1991 , the | so - called | [[ plitvice bloody easter ]] incident was one of the first sparks of open war in croatia . the [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] maintained an impression of being | ||
| 48004378 | 0 | group of advocates of a joint country of south slavs , by politicians from [[ croatia ]] and [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , which were then both in the [[ | austria - hungary | | austro - hungarian monarchy ]] . on [[ november 22 ]] , [[ 1914 ]] , [[ ante trumbić ]] , [[ frano supilo ]] , [[ ivan meštrović ]] , | ||
| 49267272 | 11 | [[ vojvodina ]] and of [[ kosovo | kosovo and metohija ]] was reduced , though both entities retained a vote in the yugoslav presidency council . as a result , | [[ kosovo ]] organized strikes | , milošević in effect now controlled three of the eight votes in the presidency . [[ image : smilo . jpg | frame | left | [[ slobodan milošević ]] ]] | ||
| 18 | policy that empowered the republics and rather wanted to introduce a policy of " one person , one vote " , which would empower the majority population , the serbs . | in turn , | the slovenian and croatian delegations ( led by [[ milan kučan ]] and [[ ivica račan ]] , respectively ) , favored democratisation and economic liberalization , but were voted down | |||
| 23 | [[ milan kučan ]] and [[ ivica račan ]] , respectively ) , favored democratisation and economic liberalization , but were voted down . as a result , the slovene and | eventually | croatian delegations left the congress , and the all - yugoslav communist party was dissolved . following the fall of the soviet union in the rest of [[ eastern europe ]] | |||
| 26 | towards independence ( under [[ milan kučan ]] and [[ franjo tuđman ]] , respectively ) , while serbia and montenegro elected candidates who favoured yugoslav unity . in march 1990 | , during the demonstrations in split ( croatia ) , a young yugoslav conscript was strangled on the tank by croatian mob . elsewhere , tensions were running high . in the same month | , the [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] ( jugoslavenska narodna armija , jna ) met with the presidency of yugoslavia ( an eight member council composed of representatives from | |||
| 49299968 | 6 | this by shooting at young conscripts . there was no political consensus within the federal executive council to which extent the army was to be used . after ten days , | a ceasefire between the slovenian territorial defense forces and | the yugoslav army pulled out of slovenia . in the [[ brioni agreement ]] , agreed upon by representatives of all republics , the international community pressured slovenia and croatia to | ||
| 8 | speifically ordered the army only to take control of the internationally recognized borders . given the enormous strength of the army , the task was carried out within 48 hours . | however , under orders , | the yugoslav army did not carry live ammunition and the slovene territorial defense took advantage of this by shooting at young conscripts . there was no political consensus within the federal | |||
| 49801930 | 6 | [[ ten - day war ]] in slovenia . the yugoslav army first succeded in taking over most of the border posts , but they were subsequently re - taken by | slovene territorial defense took advantage of this | by the slovenian forces . there was no political consensus within the federal executive council to which extent the army was to be used . after ten days , a ceasefire | ||
| 8 | was the start of the so - called [[ ten - day war ]] in slovenia . the yugoslav army first succeded in taking over most of the border posts , | but they were subsequently re - taken | by the slovenian forces . there was no political consensus within the federal executive council to which extent the army was to be used . after ten days , a ceasefire | |||
| 51123816 | 37 | ' jugoslavenski odbor ' ' ) was officially formed on [[ april 30 ]] th , [[ 1915 ]] in [[ london ]] , and the aforementioned politicians were its members | . the committee and the kingdom of serbia subsequently signed the [[ corfu declaration ]] on [[ july 20 ]] , [[ 1917 ]] that declared their desire to form a new joint kingdom . = = the first yugoslavia = = ' ' main article : [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' the goals | of the yugoslav committee were partly reached by the end of the [[ world war i | first world war ]] in 1918 , when austria - hungary disintegrated , and | ||
| 51598172 | 0 | , so a new [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution ]] was ratified in 1974 that gave more rights to the individual republics and provinces . | = = = ethnic tensions and economic crisis = = = the post | = = = breakup = = = after tito ' s death in 1980 , ethnic tensions grew in yugoslavia . considering long - standing serbo - croat disputes , which | ||
| 1 | to the individual republics and provinces . = = = breakup = = = after tito ' s death in 1980 , ethnic tensions grew in yugoslavia . considering long - | world war two yugoslavia was in many respects a model of how to build a multinational state . the federation was constructed against a double background : an inter | - standing serbo - croat disputes , which had been suppressed under tito , no one knew what the future had in store . legacy of constitution of 1974 threw the | |||
| 11 | followed played in favour of slovenia and croatia and their strongly expressed demands for looser ties within federation . economic crisis at the time only made everything harder . as a | the collapse of yugoslavia was the | result , serbian academy of sciences and arts drafted a memorandum addressing these issues . it said unless timely steps were taken , these matters would prove catastrophic for entire country | |||
| 12 | played in favour of slovenia and croatia and their strongly expressed demands for looser ties within federation . economic crisis at the time only made everything harder . as a result | of both internal and external factors . assigning comparative weight to the external as against the internal factors in the generalised crisis that shook yugoslavia in 1990 - 1991 is a complex matter . but without understanding the roles of the western powers in helping to produce and channel the crisis , it is difficult to understand the disintegration of yugoslavia . the fundamental cause of the yugoslav collapse was an economic crisis . this was then used by social groups in yugoslavia and in the west to undermine the collectivised core of the economy and push yugoslavia towards a capitalist restoration . some european governments actually had their interests and wanted the break - up of yugoslavia , something not true in the case of any other part of east central europe at that time . their pressure thus combined with the general western drive for capitalism to speed the break - up during 1989 - 90 . on one side were a number of european states eager to gain independence for slovenia and croatia ; on the other side was the united states , eager to ensure that yugoslavia paid its debts to western banks and ' globalised ' its political economy through shock therapy in order to ensure a regime in the country open for the western multinationals . the forces eager to see the break - up of yugoslavia through independence for slovenia and croatia were the vatican , austria , hungary , germany and , more ambivalently , italy . since the mid - 1980s , the vatican and austria had started an active campaign in east central and eastern europe to rebuild their influence there and by 1989 - 90 the vatican was openly championing independence for slovenia and croatia . the real goal of austrian policy was to expand austria ' s regional influence since it " saw the yugoslav crisis as an auspicious moment for self - assertion " . in the summer of 1991 the ec was finally prompted to warn austria that if it continued its energetic efforts to break up yugoslavia it would be excluded from eventual ec membership but even that threat did not stop austrian efforts . the hungarian government of jozef antall , elected in the spring of 1990 , adopted a policy very much in line with that of austria , but with additional hungarian goals vis a vis serbia ' s vojvodina province . these manoeuvres by austria and hungary to break up yugoslavia were , of course , then overshadowed by the german government ' s drive to derecognise yugoslavia through giving recognition to slovenia and croatia . the german government ' s open championing of yugoslavia ' s break - up did not occur until the late spring of 1991 , but long before that both slovenia and croatia were getting encouragement from bonn for their efforts . there was thus a focused and co - ordinated coalition involving austria , germany , hungary and the vatican all pushing for the same goal : yugoslavia ' s break up . this campaign was not , of course , supported by the united states . it championed yugoslav unity as did britain and france . but for the us unity was not the main thing : its policy was principally governed by its concern to ensure the imposition of shock therapy on the country as a whole via the imf . the only european states which did have a strategic interest in the yugoslav theatre tended to want to break it up . it would be wrong , of course , to suggest that there were no other , specifically yugoslav , structural flaws which helped to generate the collapse . many would argue that the decentralised market socialism was a disastrous experiment for a state in yugoslavia ' s geopolitical situation . the 1974 constitution , though better for the kosovar albanians , gave too much to the republics , crippling the institutional and material power of the federal government . tito ' s authority substituted for this weakness until his death in 1980 , after which the state and communist party became increasingly paralysed and thrown into crisis . in 1990 - 1991 , then , yugoslavia was in the grip of a dynamic towards break - up despite the fact that the overwhelming majority of its population did not favour such a course . during 1980s | , serbian academy of sciences and arts drafted a memorandum addressing these issues . it said unless timely steps were taken , these matters would prove catastrophic for entire country . | |||
| 14 | gave more rights to the individual republics and provinces . = = = breakup = = = after tito ' s death in 1980 , ethnic tensions grew in yugoslavia . | considering long | - standing serbo - croat disputes , which had been suppressed under tito , no one knew what the future had in store . legacy of constitution of 1974 threw the | |||
| 15 | to the individual republics and provinces . = = = breakup = = = after tito ' s death in 1980 , ethnic tensions grew in yugoslavia . considering long - | standing serbo | - croat disputes , which had been suppressed under tito , no one knew what the future had in store . legacy of constitution of 1974 threw the system of decision | |||
| 53085765 | 4 | croatian peasant party prepared a draft constitution for a neutral peasant republic of croatia . anyway constitution was voted on 28 june 1921 with the help of some minor parties including | the | yugoslav muslim organization . shortly after the constitution was passed , old king peter died . he was succeeded by prince alexander . croats , as well as alabanians , who | ||
| 53491103 | 7 | 48 hours . however , under orders , the yugoslav army did not carry live ammunition and the slovene territorial defence took advantage of this by shooting at young conscripts . | them , which was later proven a farce , since all three soldiers are still alive | recently the austrian orf tv station showed footage of several young yugoslav soldiers at holmec ( border crossing with austria ) , carrying a white cloth and raising their hands in | ||
| 54510406 | 0 | ivan meštrović ]] , [[ hinko hinković ]] , [[ franko potočnjak ]] , [[ nikola stojanović ]] and [[ dušan vasiljević ]] ) from south - slav lands under the | [[ | habsburg empire ( austria - hungary ) , fled to london where they began work on forming yugoslav committee and their mission was to represent the south slavs of the empire | ||
| 2 | the members of the yugoslav committee were able to make their views known to the allied governments , which began to take them increasingly seriously , especially as the fate of | [[ | austro - hungarian empire looked more uncertain . while the committee ' s basic aim was the unification of the habsburg south slav lands with serbia ( which was independent at | |||
| 4 | was the unification of the habsburg south slav lands with serbia ( which was independent at the time ) , its more immediate concern was to head off italian claims in | [[ | istria and dalmatia . this was a very real concern . in 1915 , the allies had lured the italians into the war with promise of substantial territorial gains in exchange | |||
| 6 | unification of the habsburg south slav lands with serbia ( which was independent at the time ) , its more immediate concern was to head off italian claims in istria and | [[ | dalmatia . this was a very real concern . in 1915 , the allies had lured the italians into the war with promise of substantial territorial gains in exchange . according | |||
| 54621907 | 0 | the help of some minor parties including the yugoslav muslim organization . shortly after the constitution was passed , old king peter died . he was succeeded by prince alexander . | dildo | croats , as well as albanians , who were angry at the serb return to kosovo , harboured grievances against the serbs . slovenes were able to extract gains from the | ||
| 55551683 | 1 | when the state would transform into a loose commonwealth called [[ serbia and montenegro ]] which finally happened on [[ february 4 ]] , [[ 2003 ]] . as of may | 22 | ]] | , 2006 montenegro has voted to separate from serbia and establish itself as an independent state . = = origins = = during the early period of the world war one | |
| 56280371 | 1 | s army ]] forces based in barracks in slovenia and croatia , attempted to carry out the task within next 48 hours . however , due to the misinformation given to | the | the yugoslav army conscripts , and the fact that the majority of them did not wish to engage in a war on their home soil , the slovene territorial defence forces | ||
| 56642958 | 2 | into a loose commonwealth called [[ serbia and montenegro ]] which finally happened on [[ february 4 ]] , [[ 2003 ]] . as of [[ 22 may ]] , 2006 | ]] | montenegro has voted to separate from serbia and establish itself as an independent state . = = ' ' ' background ' ' ' = = during the early period of | ||
| 9 | the karadjordjević dynasty . as the habsburg empire dissolved , a national council of slovenes , croats and serbs took power in zagreb on 6 october 1918 . on 29 october | ]] | , the croatian sabor or parliament declared independence and vested its sovereignty in the new state of the slovenes , croats and serbs . the yugoslav committee was given the task | |||
| 56714534 | 5 | [[ 1941 ]] . * the second was a [[ socialist state ]] established immediately after [[ world war ii ]] in [[ november 29 ]] , [[ 1945 ]] as | ' ' | democratic federation of yugoslavia ( dfy ) ' ' , which in [[ 1946 ]] became the ' ' federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ( fpry ) ' ' | ||
| 56779575 | 2 | a loose commonwealth called [[ serbia and montenegro ]] which finally happened on [[ february 4 ]] , [[ 2003 ]] . as of [[ may 22 ]] [[ 2006 ]] | [[ | montenegro has voted to separate from serbia and establish itself as an independent state . _ _ toc _ _ {{ splitsection | history of yugoslavia }} = = ' ' | ||
| 56779647 | 1 | ]] , [[ 2003 ]] . * on [[ may 22 ]] , [[ 2006 ]] [[ montenegro ]] voted to separate from serbia and establish itself as an independent state | ; | . | montenegro officially declared its independence on [[ june 3 ]] , [[ 2006 ]] , effectively dissolving the [[ serbia and montenegro | federal republic of yugoslavia ]] . _ _ | |
| 57059880 | 4 | which finally happened on [[ february 4 ]] , [[ 2003 ]] . * on [[ may 21 ]] , [[ 2006 ]] , [[ montenegro ]] voted to separate from | the state union of | serbia and establish itself as an independent state . montenegro officially declared its independence on [[ june 3 ]] , [[ 2006 ]] , effectively dissolving the [[ serbia and montenegro | ||
| 57320182 | 1 | the governments of serbia and montenegro agreed to reform fry in favour of a new , much weaker form of cooperation called [[ serbia and montenegro ]] . by order of | the | yugoslav federal parliament on [[ february 4 ]] , [[ 2003 ]] , yugoslavia , at least nominally , ceased to exist . a federal government remains in place in belgrade | ||
| 57711746 | 0 | government . tito ' s authority substituted for this weakness until his death in 1980 , after which the state and communist party became increasingly paralysed and thrown into crisis . | in 1990 - 1991 , then , yugoslavia was in the grip of a dynamic towards break - up despite the fact that the overwhelming majority of its population did not favour such a course . the problem here was that the constitutional arrangements , furnishing rights to yugoslavia ' s republican territories and its nations and peoples , were arrangements that were premised upon yugoslavia remaining an integrated state . there were two cardinal structural issues here . the first was a division of the country into republics in such a way that the non - serb nations would not fear that yugoslavia would become a serb - dominated state . to achieve this , as branka magas explains , required " winning serbian acceptance of the new constitutional order which was to divide - more in form than in fact - the serb nation inside post - revolutionary yugoslavia . " thus large parts of the serb population were placed within other republican territories or within autonomous provinces which enjoyed greater autonomy than , say , the basque country in today ' s spain . the serbs were thus split up between serbia proper , croatia , bosnia , vojvodina and kosovo . this was , indeed , a question " more in form than in fact " within an integrated yugoslavia , but it became , of course , a division more of fact than of form in the context or yugoslavia ' s break - up . but yugoslavia ' s constitutional principles did provide a key to its resolution , for the constitution gave rights of equal force to both nations and republics . thus , under these criteria , the serb nationals in , say , croatia , were the subjects of national rights which could not be overridden by the will of the croatian republic . | = = = breakup = = = {{ npov - section }} {{ wikify - date | june 2006 }} after tito ' s death in 1980 , ethnic tensions grew | ||
| 59585628 | 0 | in zagreb on [[ 6 october ]] [[ 1918 ]] . on [[ 29 october ]] , the croatian sabor or parliament declared independence and vested its sovereignty in the new | [[ | state of the slovenes , croats and serbs . the yugoslav committee was given the task of representing the new state abroad . however quarrels broke out immediately about the terms | ||
| 59612233 | 0 | land of the south [[ slavs ]] ( ' ' jug ' ' in the word ' ' jugoslavija ' ' means south ) . # the ' ' ' [[ | kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' was a [[ monarchy | kingdom ]] formed in [[ december 1 ]] , [[ 1918 ]] , which was originally formed as the ' ' ' | kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ]] ' ' ' was a [[ monarchy | kingdom ]] formed in [[ december 1 ]] , [[ 1918 ]] , which was | ||
| 4 | ]] ( sfry ) ' ' ' was a [[ socialist state ]] established immediately after [[ world war ii ]] in [[ november 29 ]] , [[ 1945 ]] as | the ' ' ' | democratic federation of yugoslavia ( dfy ) , which in [[ 1946 ]] became the federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ( fpry ) . # the ' ' ' | |||
| 59716900 | 0 | , there was an uprising demanding full republican status for kosovo , as well as unification with albania . in 1989 jeffrey sachs was in yugoslavia helping the federal government under | [[ | ante marković prepare the imf / world bank shock therapy package , which was then introduced in 1990 just at the time when the crucial parliamentary elections were being held in | ||
| 60150694 | 1 | atmosphere of social despair and hopelessness . this was an critical turning point in the yugoslav tragedy . marković in the spring of 1990 was by far the most popular politician | , | not only in yugoslavia as a whole but in each of its constituent republics . he should have been able to rally the population for yugoslavism against the particularist nationalisms of | ||
| 26 | break up the country . but the us government as a whole opted for the priority of the shock therapy programme over yugoslav cohesion . thus was the internal dynamic towards | the | yugoslav collapse into civil war decisively accelerated . the only european states which did have a strategic interest in the yugoslav theatre tended to want to break it up . it | |||
| 63135388 | 2 | as the first yugoslavia , was a [[ monarchy | kingdom ]] formed in [[ december 1 ]] , [[ 1918 ]] , which was originally formed as the ' ' | ' | kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ' ' ' . it was re - named on [[ january 6 ]] , [[ 1929 ]] by king [[ alexander i of | ||
| 5 | ) ' ' ' was a [[ socialist state ]] established immediately after [[ world war ii ]] in [[ november 29 ]] , [[ 1945 ]] as the ' ' | ' | democratic federation of yugoslavia ( dfy ) ' ' ' , which in [[ 1946 ]] became the ' ' ' federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ( fpry ) | |||
| 63136524 | 5 | last remnants of the former yugoslav federation . _ _ toc _ _ {{ splitsection | history of yugoslavia }} = = background = = during the early period of the | world war one ( 1914 ) , a number of prominent political figures ( [[ ante trumbić ]] , [[ frano supilo ]] , [[ ivan meštrović ]] , [[ hinko hinković ]] , [[ franko potočnjak ]] , [[ nikola stojanović ]] and [[ dušan vasiljević ]] ) from | south - slav lands under the [[ habsburg empire ]] ( austria - hungary ) , fled to london where they began work on forming yugoslav committee and their mission was | ||
| 6 | odbor ' ' ) was officially formed on [[ april 30 ]] , [[ 1915 ]] in [[ london ]] , and it began to raise funds , especially among south | - | slavs living in the americas . because of their stature , the members of the yugoslav committee were able to make their views known to the allied governments , which began | |||
| 63138218 | 3 | real concern . in 1915 , the allies had lured the italians into the war with promise of substantial territorial gains in exchange . according to the secret treaty of london | , | these included istria and large parts of dalmatia , where relatively small numbers of italians lived compared to the surrounding slavs . although in 1915 the serbian assembly had pledged itself | ||
| 63327901 | 4 | kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ( first yugoslavia ) = = {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia }} with the end of world war i and the downfall of | [[ | austria - hungary and the ottoman empire , the conditions were met for proclaiming the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenians in december 1918 . of the country ' s | ||
| 6 | and slovenes ( first yugoslavia ) = = {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia }} with the end of world war i and the downfall of austria - hungary and the | [[ | ottoman empire , the conditions were met for proclaiming the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenians in december 1918 . of the country ' s 12 million people , 4 | |||
| 15 | . the yugoslav ideal had long been cultivated by some intellectual circles of the three nations but most influential croatian politicians opposed the new state right from the start . the | [[ | croatian peasants ' party ( hss ) slowly grew to become a massive party endorsing croatian national interests and seeking confederation . the elections for the constituent assembly in november 1920 | |||
| 22 | ) slowly grew to become a massive party endorsing croatian national interests and seeking confederation . the elections for the constituent assembly in november 1920 brought victory for the two main | [[ | serbian parties . communists came third and croatian peasant party fourth . the newly formed government was determined to push through a centralist constitution . in response , the croatian peasant | |||
| 36 | slovenes benefited from the new state receiving all they had previously lacked , in addition to access to high schools and universities . unlike the croats , the slovenes in the | [[ | austro - hungarian empire had no historic claim to statehood , so there was no sense of loss to belgrade . during the 1920s , serbo - croat wrangle continued and | |||
| 38 | schools and universities . unlike the croats , the slovenes in the austro - hungarian empire had no historic claim to statehood , so there was no sense of loss to | [[ | belgrade . during the 1920s , serbo - croat wrangle continued and on 20 june 1928 , after months of rows and even fist - fights in parliament , puniša račić | |||
| 45 | loss to belgrade . during the 1920s , serbo - croat wrangle continued and on 20 june 1928 , after months of rows and even fist - fights in parliament , | [[ | puniša račić , a montenegrin serb , leapt up in the chamber and shot two croats and wounded three others , including stjepan radić , who eventually died . following this | |||
| 49 | rows and even fist - fights in parliament , puniša račić , a montenegrin serb , leapt up in the chamber and shot two croats and wounded three others , including | [[ | stjepan radić , who eventually died . following this , king aleksandar i banned national political parties in 1929 , assumed executive power and renamed the country yugoslavia . he hoped | |||
| 52 | račić , a montenegrin serb , leapt up in the chamber and shot two croats and wounded three others , including stjepan radić , who eventually died . following this , | [[ alexander i of yugoslavia | | king aleksandar i banned national political parties in 1929 , assumed executive power and renamed the country yugoslavia . he hoped to curb separatist tendencies and mitigate nationalist passions . however | |||
| 70 | ' s dictatorship was to further alienate the non - serbs of the idea of unity . during an official visit to france in 1934 , the king was assassinated in | [[ | marseilles by a macedonian with the cooperation of the ustashi - a croatian separatist organization . alexander was succeeded by his eleven year old son peter ii and a regency council | |||
| 71 | s dictatorship was to further alienate the non - serbs of the idea of unity . during an official visit to france in 1934 , the king was assassinated in marseilles | ]] | by a macedonian with the cooperation of the ustashi - a croatian separatist organization . alexander was succeeded by his eleven year old son peter ii and a regency council headed | |||
| 83 | by the certainty that the order set up after world war i was losing its strongholds and its sponsors were losing their strength . supported and pressured by fascist italy and | [[ | nazi germany , croatian leader vlatko macek and his party managed the creation of the croatian banovina ( administrative province ) in 1939 . the agreement specified that croatia was to | |||
| 63330276 | 7 | : ' ' [[ yugoslavia during world war ii ]] at 05 : 15 on [[ april 6 ]] [[ 1941 ]] , [[ nazi germany | german ]] , [[ | fascism in | italy | italian ]] , [[ hungary | hungarian ]] , and [[ bulgaria ]] n forces attacked yugoslavia . the [[ luftwaffe ]] bombed [[ belgrade ]] and other major | ||
| 21 | part of [[ serbia ]] and [[ slovenia ]] , while other parts of the country were occupied by [[ bulgaria ]] , [[ hungary ]] and [[ italy ]] . | = = = resistance movements = = = | yugoslavs opposing the [[ nazism | nazis ]] organized resistance movements . those inclined towards supporting the old kingdom of yugoslavia joined the [[ chetniks ]] , a mostly serb - | |||
| 51 | operation barbarossa ]] was delayed by four weeks , which proved to be a costly decision . ) = = yugoslavia during the second world war = = ' ' main | article : ' ' [[ | yugoslavia during world war ii ]] at 05 : 15 on [[ april 6 ]] [[ 1941 ]] , [[ nazi germany | german ]] , [[ italy | italian ]] | |||
| 63517403 | 16 | krcun , tito ' s chief of secret police in serbia , fell victim to a dubious traffic incident after he started to complain about tito ' s politics . minister | of the interior | [[ | aleksandar ranković lost all of his titles and rights after a major disagreement with tito regarding state politics . sometimes ministers in government , such as [[ edvard kardelj ]] or | |
| 21 | were more important than the prime minister . the suppression of national identities escalated with the so - called [[ croatian spring ]] of 1970 - 71 , when students in | [[ | zagreb organized demonstrations for greater civil liberties and greater croatian autonomy . the regime stifled the public protest and incarcerated the leaders , but many key croatian representatives in the party | |||
| 27 | constitution ]] was ratified in 1974 that gave more rights to the individual republics and provinces . = = = ethnic tensions and economic crisis = = = the post - | [[ | world war two yugoslavia was in many respects a model of how to build a multinational state . the federation was constructed against a double background : an inter - war | |||
| 28 | ratified in 1974 that gave more rights to the individual republics and provinces . = = = ethnic tensions and economic crisis = = = the post - world war two | ]] | yugoslavia was in many respects a model of how to build a multinational state . the federation was constructed against a double background : an inter - war yugoslavia which had | |||
| 33 | - war yugoslavia which had been dominated by serbian ruling class ; and a war - time slaughter in which the nazis made use of the earlier serbian oppression to use | [[ | croatian fascism for barbarous slaughter and also exploited anti - serb sentiment amongst the kosovo albanian - and some elements in the bosnian muslim - population to bolster their rule . | |||
| 37 | war - time slaughter in which the nazis made use of the earlier serbian oppression to use croatian fascism for barbarous slaughter and also exploited anti - serb sentiment amongst the | [[ | kosovo albanian - and some elements in the bosnian muslim - population to bolster their rule . there had been one structural element in the post - world war ii yugoslav | |||
| 60 | the population had always been weakest and where the economic crisis was most intense , there was an uprising demanding full republican status for kosovo , as well as unification with | [[ | albania . in 1989 jeffrey sachs was in yugoslavia helping the federal government under [[ ante marković ]] prepare the imf / world bank shock therapy package , which was then | |||
| 64 | and where the economic crisis was most intense , there was an uprising demanding full republican status for kosovo , as well as unification with albania . in 1989 jeffrey sachs | ]] | was in yugoslavia helping the federal government under [[ ante marković ]] prepare the imf / world bank shock therapy package , which was then introduced in 1990 just at the | |||
| 63521475 | 26 | ensure a regime in the country open for the western multinationals . the forces eager to see the break - up of yugoslavia through independence for slovenia and croatia were the | [[ | vatican , austria , hungary , germany and , more ambivalently , italy . since the mid - 1980s , the vatican and austria had started an active campaign in east | ||
| 36 | 1989 - 90 the vatican was openly championing independence for slovenia and croatia . the real goal of austrian policy was to expand austria ' s regional influence since it " | ' ' | saw the yugoslav crisis as an auspicious moment for self - assertion " . in the summer of 1991 the ec was finally prompted to warn austria that if it continued | |||
| 41 | that if it continued its energetic efforts to break up yugoslavia it would be excluded from eventual ec membership but even that threat did not stop austrian efforts . the hungarian | ]] | government of jozef antall , elected in the spring of 1990 , adopted a policy very much in line with that of austria , but with additional hungarian goals vis a | |||
| 61 | many would argue that the decentralised market socialism was a disastrous experiment for a state in yugoslavia ' s geopolitical situation . the 1974 constitution , though better for the kosovar | ]] [[ | albanians , gave too much to the republics , crippling the institutional and material power of the federal government . tito ' s authority substituted for this weakness until his death | |||
| 65 | was in the grip of a dynamic towards break - up despite the fact that the overwhelming majority of its population did not favour such a course . during 1980s , | the [[ | serbian academy of sciences and arts drafted a memorandum addressing some burning issues concerning position of serbs as the most numerous people in yugoslavia . although the largest yugoslav republic in | |||
| 67 | overwhelming majority of its population did not favour such a course . during 1980s , serbian academy of sciences and arts drafted a memorandum addressing some burning issues concerning position of | [[ | serbs as the most numerous people in yugoslavia . although the largest yugoslav republic in territory and population , serbia had been dispossessed of its attributes of statehood by the new | |||
| 73 | non - albanians in the province . at 90 % of the population of kosovo in the 1980 ' s , ethnic - albanians were the majority . the number of | [[ | slavs in kosovo ( mainly serbs ) was falling fast and by 1999 they formed as little as 10 % of the two million population . meanwhile [[ slovenia ]] , | |||
| 74 | - albanians in the province . at 90 % of the population of kosovo in the 1980 ' s , ethnic - albanians were the majority . the number of slavs | ]] | in kosovo ( mainly serbs ) was falling fast and by 1999 they formed as little as 10 % of the two million population . meanwhile [[ slovenia ]] , under | |||
| 78 | widespread demonstrations demanding kosovo republic . this angered serbia ' s leadership who proceeded to use police to restrain the violence . as police was insufficient force , the federal army | ]] | was ordered by yugoslav presidency to restore order . in january 1990 , the extraordinary 14th congress of the [[ league of communists of yugoslavia ]] was convened . for the | |||
| 79 | kosovo republic . this angered serbia ' s leadership who proceeded to use police to restrain the violence . as police was insufficient force , the federal army was ordered by | the | yugoslav presidency to restore order . in january 1990 , the extraordinary 14th congress of the [[ league of communists of yugoslavia ]] was convened . for the most time , | |||
| 82 | yugoslavia . the serbian delegation , led by milošević , insisted on a policy of " one person , one vote " , which would empower the majority population , the | [[ | serbs . in turn , the slovenians , supported by croatians , sought to reform yugoslavia as to devolve power even more to republics , but were voted down . as | |||
| 85 | issues remained . in particular , slovenia and croatia elected governments oriented towards independence ( under [[ milan kučan ]] and [[ franjo tuđman ]] , respectively ) , while serbia | ]] | and montenegro elected candidates who favoured yugoslav unity . in croatia there was growing advocacy of " croatian state and historical rights " , the serbs were stripped of their national | |||
| 86 | remained . in particular , slovenia and croatia elected governments oriented towards independence ( under [[ milan kučan ]] and [[ franjo tuđman ]] , respectively ) , while serbia and | [[ | montenegro elected candidates who favoured yugoslav unity . in croatia there was growing advocacy of " croatian state and historical rights " , the serbs were stripped of their national and | |||
| 88 | milan kučan ]] and [[ franjo tuđman ]] , respectively ) , while serbia and montenegro elected candidates who favoured yugoslav unity . in croatia there was growing advocacy of " | ' ' | croatian state and historical rights " , the serbs were stripped of their national and constitutional rights , thus becoming demoted from a constituent nation of croatia to national minority . | |||
| 89 | franjo tuđman ]] , respectively ) , while serbia and montenegro elected candidates who favoured yugoslav unity . in croatia there was growing advocacy of " croatian state and historical rights | ' ' | " , the serbs were stripped of their national and constitutional rights , thus becoming demoted from a constituent nation of croatia to national minority . following this , the serbs | |||
| 102 | illegal importation of arms , mainly from hungary , and were caught red - handed when yugoslav counter intelligence ( kos , kontra - obavjestajna sluzba ) showed a video of | a | secret meeting between croatian defence minister martin špegelj and two men . špegelj announced they were at war with the army and gave instructions about arms smuggling as well as methods | |||
| 103 | of arms , mainly from hungary , and were caught red - handed when yugoslav counter intelligence ( kos , kontra - obavjestajna sluzba ) showed a video of secret meeting | ]] | between croatian defence minister martin špegelj and two men . špegelj announced they were at war with the army and gave instructions about arms smuggling as well as methods of dealing | |||
| 105 | gave instructions about arms smuggling as well as methods of dealing with the yugoslav army ' s officers stationed in croatian cities . in march 1990 , during the demonstrations in | [[ | split ( croatia ) , a young yugoslav conscript was strangled on the tank by croatian mob . elsewhere , tensions were running high . in the same month , the | |||
| 106 | instructions about arms smuggling as well as methods of dealing with the yugoslav army ' s officers stationed in croatian cities . in march 1990 , during the demonstrations in split | ]] | ( croatia ) , a young yugoslav conscript was strangled on the tank by croatian mob . elsewhere , tensions were running high . in the same month , the [[ | |||
| 118 | a [[ state of emergency ]] which would allow for the army to take control of the country . the representatives of serbia , montenegro , kosovo - metohija , and | [[ | vojvodina voted for the decision , while croatia ( [[ stjepan mesić | stipe mesić ]] ) , slovenia ( [[ janez drnovšek ]] ) , macedonia ( [[ vasil tupurkovski | |||
| 125 | , it was becoming more and more involved in state politics . on [[ june 25 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , slovenia and croatia became the first republics to declare | [[ | independence from yugoslavia . in slovenia , slovenian territorial defence ( paramilitary force ) seized the yugoslav border posts with austria and italy taking down yugoslav and raising slovenian flag . | |||
| 131 | and raising slovenian flag . following day ( [[ june 26 ]] ) , the federal executive council speifically ordered the army to take control of the internationally recognized borders . | the | [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] forces based in barracks in slovenia and croatia , attempted to carry out the task within next 48 hours . however , due to | |||
| 135 | the slovene territorial defence forces retook most of the posts within several days with only minimal loss of life on both sides . recently the austrian orf tv station showed footage | ]] | of several young yugoslav soldiers at holmec ( border crossing with austria ) , carrying a white cloth and raising their hands in the air , apparently to surrender to the | |||
| 138 | these three months , the yugoslav army completed its pull - out of slovenia , but in croatia , a bloody war broke out in the autumn of 1991 . ethnic | [[ | serbs , who had created the [[ republic of serbian krajina ]] in heavily serb - populated regions resisted the forces of the republic of croatia who were trying to bring | |||
| 144 | the [[ preševo ]] valley complete the northern reaches of the historical region known as macedonia , which would otherwise create a border dispute if ever macedonian nationalism should resurface ( | ' ' | see [[ imoro ]] ) . as a result of the conflict , the [[ united nations security council ]] unanimously adopted [[ un security council resolution 721 ]] on [[ | |||
| 65358177 | 0 | barbarossa ]] was delayed by four weeks , which proved to be a costly decision . ) = = yugoslavia during the second world war = = = = = the | [[ | invasion of yugoslavia = = = at 5 : 15 a . m . on [[ april 6th ]] [[ 1941 ]] , [[ nazi germany | german ]] , [[ | ||
| 71228578 | 0 | a massive party endorsing croatian national interests and seeking a confederation . the elections for the constituent assembly in [[ november ]] [[ 1920 ]] brought victory for the two main | [[ | serbian ]] parties . [[ communism | communists ]] came third and croatian peasant party fourth . the newly formed government was determined to push through a centralist constitution . in | ||
| 74593441 | 0 | that existed during most of the [[ 20th century ]] on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in [[ europe ]] . translated , the name means ' ' land of the | [[ | south [[ slavs ]] ' ' ( ' ' jug ' ' means south ) . the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' , also known | ||
| 5 | existed during most of the [[ 20th century ]] on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in [[ europe ]] . translated , the name means ' ' land of the south | [[ | slavs ]] ' ' ( ' ' jug ' ' means south ) . the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' , also known as the | |||
| 75966431 | 0 | the basis for post - war organisation of the country , establishing a federation ( this date was celebrated as republic day after the war ) . = = = the | " | liberation of yugoslavia = = = the nla was able to expel the axis from serbia in [[ 1944 ]] and the rest of yugoslavia in [[ 1945 ]] . the | ||
| 78071900 | 0 | ]] , while other parts of the country were occupied by [[ bulgaria ]] , [[ hungary ]] and [[ italy ]] . = = = resistance movements = = = | {{ main | people ' s liberation war }} | yugoslavs opposing the [[ nazism | nazis ]] organized resistance movements . those inclined towards supporting the old kingdom of yugoslavia joined the [[ chetniks ]] ( ' ' četnici ' | ||
| 79166596 | 0 | political entities that existed during most of the [[ 20th century ]] on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in [[ europe ]] . the name means ' ' land of the | fat pieces of shit who try and copy the | [[ south slavs ]] ' ' ( " jug " meaning " south " ) . the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' , also known | ||
| 79166722 | 1 | political entities that existed during most of the [[ 20th century ]] on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in [[ europe ]] . the name means ' ' land of the | fat pieces of shit who try and copy the | [[ croatians ]] ' ' ( " jug " meaning " south " ) . the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' , also known as | ||
| 80305420 | 9 | each wounded , they killed 50 . following chetniks ' termination of war activities against the germans , reported atrocities against non - serb population and frequent collaboration with italians and | ( less frequently ) | germans against the nla , the allies eventually switched to support the nla . however , nla carried on its guerrilla warfare . this led to great civilian loss of life | ||
| 80313028 | 18 | usa ]] to maintain the integrity of yugoslavia as a neutral state on the frontiers of the super - power confrontation in europe . the economic crisis was the product of | orchestrated | disastrous errors by yugoslav governments in the 1970s , borrowing vast amounts of western capital in order to fund growth through exports . western economies then entered recession , blocked yugoslav | ||
| 19 | maintain the integrity of yugoslavia as a neutral state on the frontiers of the super - power confrontation in europe . the economic crisis was the product of disastrous errors by | destructive infiltrated west - financed and supported elements in | yugoslav governments in the 1970s , borrowing vast amounts of western capital in order to fund growth through exports . western economies then entered recession , blocked yugoslav exports and created | |||
| 31 | between the communist party and the working class . the forms and effects of this varied in different parts of yugoslavia . first in kosovo in [[ 1981 ]] , where | due to enormous influx of refugees from albania itself , | the links between yugoslav communism and the population had always been the weakest and where the economic crisis was most intense , there was an uprising demanding full republican status for | |||
| 34 | shock therapy ]] " package , which was then introduced in [[ 1990 ]] just at the time when the crucial parliamentary elections were being held in the various republics . | while some international " celebrities " were invited to participate in the process , their role was that of mere observers . the full and indeniable crdits for the ingenious plan , devised by socialist economists , led by [[ ante marković ]] , was then suggested and adopted in a number of other debt - burdened countries , such as argentina , mexico , brasil etc . | one aspect of yugoslavia ' s " [[ shock _ therapy _ ( economics ) | shock therapy ]] " programme was both unique within the region and of great political | |||
| 35 | = = the economy = = = although rigorously socialist in developing her industrial base , yugoslavia allowed a certain amount of capitalist incursions , in the spirit of pluralism . | this openness to western investment , however , sowed the seeds of the federation ' s demise . meanwhile , | yugoslavia enjoyed stability and peace . throughout the [[ 1960s ]] and [[ 1970s ]] , the growth of yugoslavia ' s [[ gross domestic product ]] averaged 6 . 1 | |||
| 80313856 | 3 | healt services became free all the way to doctorate . jugoslavia was the first democratical country in the world , and it was a socialist country at the same time . | this openness to western investment , however , sowed the seeds of the federation ' s demise . meanwhile , | yugoslavia enjoyed stability and peace . throughout the [[ 1960s ]] and [[ 1970s ]] , the growth of yugoslavia ' s [[ gross domestic product ]] averaged 6 . 1 | ||
| 26 | the integrity of yugoslavia as a neutral state on the frontiers of the super - power confrontation in europe . the economic crisis was the product of orchestrated disastrous errors by | destructive infiltrated west - financed and supported elements in | yugoslav governments in the 1970s , who borrowed vast amounts of western capital with an " explanation " that the money is to fund growth through exports . western economies then | |||
| 28 | with an " explanation " that the money is to fund growth through exports . western economies then entered recession , blocked yugoslav exports and created a huge debt problem . | how convenient | . the yugoslav government then accepted the [[ international monetary fund | imf ]] ' s conditionalities which shifted the burden of the crisis onto the yugoslav working class , as | |||
| 36 | between the communist party and the working class . the forms and effects of this varied in different parts of yugoslavia . first in kosovo in [[ 1981 ]] , where | due to enormous influx of refugees from albania itself , | the links between yugoslav communism and the population had always been the weakest and where the economic crisis was most intense , there was an uprising demanding full republican status for | |||
| 37 | shock therapy ]] " package , which was then introduced in [[ 1990 ]] just at the time when the crucial parliamentary elections were being held in the various republics . | while some international " celebrities " were invited to participate in the process , their role was that of mere observers . the full and indeniable crdits for the ingenious plan , devised by socialist economists , led by [[ ante marković ]] , was then suggested and adopted in a number of other debt - burdened countries , such as argentina , mexico , brasil etc . | one aspect of yugoslavia ' s " [[ shock _ therapy _ ( economics ) | shock therapy ]] " programme was both unique within the region and of great political | |||
| 80382137 | 14 | number of [[ slavs ]] in kosovo ( mainly serbs ) was falling fast and by [[ 1999 ]] they formed as little as 10 % of the two million population | . far cry from the days when it was the other way around , not even hundred years ago | . meanwhile [[ slovenia ]] , under the presidency of [[ milan kučan ]] , along with [[ croatia ]] openly supported albanian miners {{ fact }} , and initial strikes | ||
| 20 | bring that breakaway region back under croatian jurisdiction . in some places , the yugoslav army acted as a buffer zone , in others it was protecting the serbs from new | and illegal | croatian army disguised as police force . [[ image : former yugoslavia wartime . png | 300px | thumb | right | war in former yugoslavia ]] [[ image : former | |||
| 80538911 | 1 | fear was strongest in croat political circles , as large parts of what they thought to be hrvatska ( croatia , as commonly albeit incorrectly called abroad ) was home to | a | large serbian population . the national council ' s authority was limited and the italians were moving to take more territory than they had been alloted in an agreement with the | ||
| 80540551 | 0 | ) . the yugoslav ideal had long been cultivated by some intellectual circles of the three nations but most influential croatian politicians opposed the new state right from the start . | playing on ignorance and fear among the masses of poor and uneducated , mainly peasants , | the [[ croatian peasant party ]] ( ' ' hrvatska seljačka stranka ' ' ) slowly grew to become a massive party endorsing croatian national interests and seeking a confederation . | ||
| 2 | opposed the new state right from the start . the [[ croatian peasant party ]] ( ' ' hrvatska seljačka stranka ' ' ) slowly grew to become a massive party | claiming to | endorsing croatian national interests and seeking a confederation . the elections for the constituent assembly in [[ november ]] [[ 1920 ]] brought victory for the two main serbian parties . | |||
| 80542773 | 5 | allowed a certain amount of capitalist incursions , in the spirit of pluralism . this openness to western investment , however , sowed the seeds of the federation ' s demise | , as it allowed infiltration of western spies and agents , posing as businessmen , into the economic millieu of the country and ignite the corruption , both political and economic | . meanwhile , yugoslavia enjoyed stability and peace . throughout the [[ 1960s ]] and [[ 1970s ]] , the growth of yugoslavia ' s [[ gross domestic product ]] averaged | ||
| 7 | amount of capitalist incursions , in the spirit of pluralism . this openness to western investment , however , sowed the seeds of the federation ' s demise . meanwhile , | it was a long and slow process which did allow | yugoslavia enjoyed stability and peace . throughout the [[ 1960s ]] and [[ 1970s ]] , the growth of yugoslavia ' s [[ gross domestic product ]] averaged 6 . 1 | |||
| 80546176 | 2 | product of disastrous errors by yugoslav governments in the 1970s , borrowing vast amounts of western capital in order to fund growth through exports . western economies then entered recession , | which was probably hastened to serve the purpose as well - capitalism has to have recessions , in order to rebuild destroyed internal economies as it is impossible to have steady and stable growth like the one socialism creates - | blocked yugoslav exports and created a huge debt problem . the yugoslav government then accepted the [[ international monetary fund | imf ]] ' s conditionalities which shifted the burden of | ||
| 11 | and by 79 % in yugoslavia as a whole . this level of support showed how much of the yugoslav population remained strongly committed to the state ' s preservation . | such was his economic genius that he had created a sense of despair among the capitalist countries that were working hard on destruction of jugoslavia | but marković had coupled his yugoslavism with the imf " [[ shock _ therapy _ ( economics ) | shock therapy ]] " programme and ec conditionality and it was this | |||
| 80546909 | 32 | ) . the yugoslav ideal had long been cultivated by some intellectual circles of the three nations but most influential croatian politicians opposed the new state right from the start . | playing on ignorance and fear among the masses of poor and uneducated , mainly peasants , | the [[ croatian peasant party ]] ( ' ' hrvatska seljačka stranka ' ' ) slowly grew to become a large party claiming to endorsing croatian national interests and seeking a | ||
| 33 | masses of poor and uneducated , mainly peasants , the [[ croatian peasant party ]] ( ' ' hrvatska seljačka stranka ' ' ) slowly grew to become a large party | claiming to | endorsing croatian national interests and seeking a confederation , in order to grab as much land for future hrvatska ( croatia ) as possible , disregarding the actual mak - up | |||
| 43 | allowed infiltration of western spies and agents , posing as businessmen , into the economic millieu of the country and ignite the corruption , both political and economic . however , | it was a long and slow process which did allow | yugoslavia to enjoy stability and peace which came with socialist and marxist structure of the society . throughout the [[ 1960s ]] and [[ 1970s ]] , the growth of yugoslavia | |||
| 54 | capitalist governments in the west , concerned with growing success of jugoslav democratic socialism , offered these funds under supposedly " favourable " conditions . western economies then entered recession , | which was probably hastened to serve the purpose as well - capitalism has to have recessions , in order to rebuild destroyed internal economies as it is impossible to have steady and stable growth like the one socialism creates - | blocked yugoslav exports and created a huge debt problem . the yugoslav government then accepted the [[ international monetary fund | imf ]] ' s conditionalities which shifted the burden of | |||
| 61 | and by 79 % in yugoslavia as a whole . this level of support showed how much of the yugoslav population remained strongly committed to the state ' s preservation . | such was his economic genius that he had created a sense of despair among the capitalist countries that were working hard on destruction of jugoslavia | but marković had coupled his yugoslavism with the imf " [[ shock _ therapy _ ( economics ) | shock therapy ]] " programme and ec conditionality and it was this | |||
| 80575633 | 0 | croatian politicians opposed the new state right from the start . the [[ croatian peasant party ]] ( ' ' hrvatska seljačka stranka ' ' ) slowly grew to become a | massive | party endorsing croatian national interests and seeking a confederation . the elections for the constituent assembly in [[ november ]] [[ 1920 ]] brought victory for the two main serbian parties | ||
| 83629642 | 5 | partija ' ' ) , and were against the king , joined the [[ partisans ( yugoslavia ) | yugoslav national liberation army ]] narodno oslobodilacka vojska ( nvo ) , | the only true resistance against the nazis in yugoslavia during the wwii | led by [[ josip broz tito ]] . [[ image : jasenovac6 . jpg | right | thumb | 250px | [[ jasenovac concentration camp # mass murder and cruelty | | ||
| 6 | nazism | nazis ]] organized resistance movements . those inclined towards supporting the old kingdom of yugoslavia joined the [[ chetniks ]] ( ' ' četnici ' ' ) , a | mostly | serb - composed nationalistic royalist guerilla army led by colonel [[ draža mihajlović | dragoljub " draža " mihailović ]] . those inclined towards supporting the [[ communist party of yugoslavia | |||
| 83667331 | 1 | the [[ chetniks ]] ( ' ' četnici ' ' known for their war crimes and atrocities against non - orthodox population , croatians , muslims etc . ) , a | multiethnic , though largely | serb - composed nationalistic fasicst royalist guerilla army led by convicted war criminal [[ draža mihajlović | dragoljub " draža " mihailović ]] . but very shortly after the begining of | ||
| 11 | partija ' ' ) , and were against the king , joined the [[ partisans ( yugoslavia ) | yugoslav national liberation army ]] narodno oslobodilacka vojska ( nvo ) , | the only true resistance against the nazis in yugoslavia during the wwii | led by [[ josip broz tito ]] . [[ image : jasenovac6 . jpg | right | thumb | 250px | [[ jasenovac concentration camp # mass murder and cruelty | | |||
| 83862003 | 37 | {st@rt} ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( ' ' jugoslavija ' ' in | all | [[ south slavic languages ]] , ' ' југославија ' ' in [[ serbian language | serbian ]] and [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] [[ cyrillic ]] ) is a | ||
| 84299894 | 2 | days later . the ' ' ' second yugoslavia ' ' ' ( c . 1943 - ) , a [[ socialism | socialist ]] successor state to the kingdom of | the | yugoslavia , existed under various names , including the " democratic federation of yugoslavia ( dfy ) " ( [[ 1943 ]] ) , the " federal people ' s republic | ||
| 6 | yugoslavia . " on [[ june 3 ]] and [[ june 5 ]] , 2006 , montenegro and serbia respectively declared their independence , thereby ending the last remnants of the | should | former yugoslav federation . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = = = = the idea of a state for south slavs = = = the first idea | |||
| 84305972 | 4 | days later . the ' ' ' second yugoslavia ' ' ' ( c . 1943 - ) , a [[ socialism | socialist ]] successor state to the kingdom of | the | yugoslavia , existed under various names , including the " democratic federation of yugoslavia ( dfy ) " ( [[ 1943 ]] ) , the " federal people ' s republic | ||
| 8 | . " on [[ june 3 ]] and [[ june 5 ]] , 2006 , montenegro but and serbia respectively declared their independence , thereby ending the last remnants of the | should | former yugoslav federation . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = = = = the idea of a state for south slavs = = = the first idea | |||
| 85539858 | 10 | , rebecca ]] : ' ' black lamb and gray falcon : a journey through yugoslavia ' ' . viking , 1941 . * misha glenny : ' ' the fall | from | of yugoslavia : the third balkan war ' ' , isbn 0 - 14 - 026101 - x = = legacy = = the present - day countries created from the | ||
| 87450897 | 7 | - fights in parliament , [[ puniša račić ]] , a [[ montenegrins | montenegrin ]] serb , leapt up in the chamber and shot two croats and wounded three others | in this famous salad battle of 1987 . many people died | , including [[ stjepan radić ]] ( founder of the croatian peasant party ) , who eventually died . račić gave himself up and was convicted for the crime . = | ||
| 87596151 | 2 | barbarossa ]] was delayed by four weeks , which proved to be a costly decision . ) = = yugoslavia during the second world war = = = = = the | [[ | invasion of yugoslavia ]] = = = at 5 : 15 a . m . on [[ april 6th ]] [[ 1941 ]] , [[ nazi germany | german ]] , | ||
| 89768655 | 9 | of diverting similar sentiments in northern italy , through graphic pictures of the drama unfolding in the neighbouring jugoslavia , england , holland , albania and even such distant countries as | [[ | australia , saudi arab emirates , libia , and al - qaida ' s afghan - tested mujaheedins , trained by the cia . . since the mid - 1980s , | ||
| 10 | diverting similar sentiments in northern italy , through graphic pictures of the drama unfolding in the neighbouring jugoslavia , england , holland , albania and even such distant countries as australia | ]] | , saudi arab emirates , libia , and al - qaida ' s afghan - tested mujaheedins , trained by the cia . . since the mid - 1980s , the | |||
| 11 | similar sentiments in northern italy , through graphic pictures of the drama unfolding in the neighbouring jugoslavia , england , holland , albania and even such distant countries as australia , | [[ | saudi arab emirates , libia , and al - qaida ' s afghan - tested mujaheedins , trained by the cia . . since the mid - 1980s , the vatican | |||
| 18 | through independence for slovenia and croatia were the [[ holy see | vatican ]] , [[ austria ]] , [[ hungary ]] , [[ germany ]] , us , more ambivalently | , | [[ italy ]] which had its own crisis of identity and looked at speeding up " democratic processes " as a way of diverting similar sentiments in northern italy , through | |||
| 91986037 | 0 | around the new idea , but the movement started gaining large momentum only at the end of the 19th century , mainly because of the harsh policies against any freedom movements | among | occupied southern slavs could possibly have , practiced by both austrian and hungarian dictators . as the ottoman empire grew weaker and serbia , bulgaria and greece grew stronger after the | ||
| 4 | , [[ ivan meštrović ]] , [[ nikola stojanović ]] and others , from south slavic lands under the habsburg empire , fled to london where they began work on forming | a | yugoslav committee and their mission was to represent the south slavs of the empire . they chose london as their headquarters . = = = the yugoslav committee = = = | |||
| 21 | ' s authority was limited and the italians were moving to take more territory than they had been allotted in an agreement with the yugoslav committee . political opinion was divided | , | and serbian ministers said that if croats insisted on their own republic or sort of independence , then serbia would simply take areas inhabited by the serbs and already occupied by | |||
| 33 | gaining large momentum only at the end of the 19th century , mainly because of the harsh policies against any freedom movements occupied southern slavs could possibly have , practiced by | both | austrian and hungarian dictators . as the ottoman empire grew weaker and serbia , bulgaria and greece grew stronger after the [[ berlin congress ]] , hope for sovereignty of the | |||
| 42 | the future constituent assembly . the most prominent opponent of this decision was stjepan radić , the leader of the croatian peasant party ( hrvatska seljačka stranka , hss ) . | however , | the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes was declared on 1 december 1918 in belgrade . = = kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes = = {{ main | | |||
| 92434733 | 0 | serbian ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] [[ cyrillic ]] ) : " land of the [[ south slavs ]] " ) describes four separate political entities that existed | one at a time | on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the 20th century . the ' ' ' kingdom of yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ december 1 ]] | ||
| 94995394 | 23 | as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years . ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( ' ' jugoslavija ' ' in latin , ' ' југославија | ' ' | in [[ cyrillic ]] , [[ english language | english ]] : " land of the [[ south slavs ]] " ) describes four political entities that existed one at a | ||
| 95097441 | 0 | stojanović ]] and others from south slavic lands under the habsburg empire fled to london , where they began work on forming a yugoslav committee . their mission was to represent | and respect | the south slavs of the empire , and they chose london as their headquarters . = = = the yugoslav committee = = = the [[ yugoslav committee ]] ( ' | ||
| 98746734 | 6 | bring that breakaway region back under croatian jurisdiction . in some places , the yugoslav army acted as a buffer zone , in others it was protecting the serbs from new | and illegal | croatian army disguised as police force . [[ image : former yugoslavia wartime . png | 300px | thumb | right | war in former yugoslavia . ]] [[ image : | ||
| 7 | two - thirds majority requirement actually meant and whether it was satisfied {{ fact }} . the republic ' s government declared its independence on [[ 5 april ]] , and | since that decision was made without the consent of all three nations living in bosnia ( the votes of serbs were ignored , though such decision should be supported by all bosnian nations ) , | the serbs immediately declared the independence of republika srpska to protect their rights . the [[ bosnian war | war in bosnia ]] followed shortly thereafter . the so - called | |||
| 98954754 | 0 | federal presidency council , they even entered into coalition with other republics , thus outvoting serbia . serbia ' s political impotence made it possible for others to exert pressure on | the | 2 million serbs ( 20 % of total serbian population ) living outside serbia . [[ image : smilo . jpg | thumb | [[ slobodan milošević ]] . ]] serbian | ||
| 2 | slobodan milošević ]] sought to restore pre - 1974 serbian sovereignty , which republics of slovenia and croatia denounced as the revival of great serbian [[ hegemony | hegemonism ]] . | the | autonomy of [[ vojvodina ]] and of [[ kosovo | kosovo and metohija ]] was reduced , though both entities retained a vote in the yugoslav presidency council . as a | |||
| 7 | , under the presidency of [[ milan kučan ]] , along with [[ croatia ]] openly supported albanian miners {{ fact }} , and initial strikes turned into widespread demonstrations demanding | a | kosovo republic . this angered serbia ' s leadership who proceeded to use police to restrain the violence . as police was insufficient force , the [[ yugoslav people ' s | |||
| 8 | by the yugoslav presidency to restore order . in january 1990 , the extraordinary 14th congress of the [[ league of communists of yugoslavia ]] was convened . for the most | of the | time , the slovenian and serbian delegations were arguing over the future of the league of communists and yugoslavia . the serbian delegation , led by milošević , insisted on a | |||
| 16 | yugoslavia . ]] in september 1991 , the [[ republic of macedonia ]] also declared independence illegaly , becoming the only former republic to gain sovereignty without resistance from the belgrade | - | based yugoslav authorities . 500 u . s . soldiers were then deployed under the u . n . banner to monitor macedonia ' s northern borders with the republic of | |||
| 18 | the government held a national referendum on bosnian independence from yugoslavia . that referendum was in turn declared contrary to the bih and federal constitution by the federal constitution court and | the | newly established bosnian serb government ; it was largely boycotted by the bosnian serbs . the turnout was somewhere between 64 - 67 % and 98 % of the voters voted | |||
| 20 | ( known later as [[ republic of serb krajina ]] ) in croatia . croatia embarked upon illegal importation of arms , mainly from [[ hungary ]] , and were caught | red - handed | when yugoslav counter intelligence ( ' ' kos , kontra - obavještajna služba ' ' ) showed a [[ špegelj tapes | video of a secret meeting ]] between croatian defence | |||
| 102669832 | 2 | ]] , [[ serbs ]] , [[ jews ]] and [[ roma people | gypsies ]] were marched to the [[ jasenovac concentration camp ]] . ]] the [[ axis powers | ]] | occupied yugoslavia and split it up . the [[ independent state of croatia ]] was established as a nazi puppet - state , ruled by the [[ catholicism | catholic ]] | ||
| 3 | and [[ roma people | gypsies ]] were marched to the [[ jasenovac concentration camp ]] . ]] the [[ axis powers ]] occupied yugoslavia and split it up . the | [[ | independent state of croatia ]] was established as a nazi puppet - state , ruled by the [[ catholicism | catholic ]] [[ fascism | fascist ]] militia known as the | |||
| 8 | independent state of croatia ]] was established as a nazi puppet - state , ruled by the [[ catholicism | catholic ]] [[ fascism | fascist ]] militia known as the | [[ | ustaše ]] that came into existence in 1929 , but was relatively limited in its activities until 1941 . german troops occupied [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] as well as part | |||
| 22 | . during this time the independent state of croatia , along with bosnian muslims , created concentration camps for serbs , roma and jews , one of the most famous being | [[ | jasenovac ]] . a large number of men , women and children were executed in these camps , most of whom were serbs . according to [[ mile budak ]] , | |||
| 25 | being [[ jasenovac ]] . a large number of men , women and children were executed in these camps , most of whom were serbs . according to [[ mile budak | ]] | , croatia planned to kill a third of serbs , convert a third to catholicism , and ethnically cleanse the last third . = = = resistance movements = = = | |||
| 103112319 | 0 | [[ racak incident ]] and unsuccessful [[ rambouillet agreement ]] in the early months of 1999 , nato proceeded to bombard serbia and montenegro for more than two months , until | the | milošević ' s government submitted to their demands and withdrew its forces from kosovo . see [[ kosovo war ]] for more information . since june 1999 , the province has | ||
| 103885949 | 0 | [[ soviet union ]] , where [[ joseph stalin | stalin ]] became absolute ruler . none of these three regimes favoured the policy pursued by aleksandar i . in fact | , | [[ italy ]] and [[ germany ]] , wanted to revise the international treaties signed after world war i , and the soviets were determined to regain their positions in europe | ||
| 107220473 | 27 | turned into widespread demonstrations demanding a kosovo republic . this angered serbia ' s leadership who proceeded to use police to restrain the violence . as police was insufficient force , | and later even | the [[ yugoslav people ' s army | federal army ]] was ordered by the yugoslav presidency to restore order . in january 1990 , the extraordinary 14th congress of the | ||
| 29 | who proceeded to use police to restrain the violence . as police was insufficient force , the [[ yugoslav people ' s army | federal army ]] was ordered by the | order of the serbia - held majority in the | yugoslav presidency to restore order . in january 1990 , the extraordinary 14th congress of the [[ league of communists of yugoslavia ]] was convened . for most of the time | |||
| 49 | , the [[ serbian academy of sciences and arts ]] drafted a memorandum addressing some burning issues concerning position of [[ serbs ]] as the most numerous people in yugoslavia . | although | the largest yugoslav republic in territory and population , serbia had been dispossessed of its attributes of statehood by the new 1974 constitution . because its two autonomous provinces had de | |||
| 52 | by [[ 1999 ]] they formed as little as 10 % of the total population . this was a far cry from the days when it was the other way around | , less than a hundred years before | . meanwhile [[ slovenia ]] , under the presidency of [[ milan kučan ]] , along with [[ croatia ]] openly supported albanian miners {{ fact | date = february 2007 | |||
| 107864960 | 20 | people in yugoslavia . the largest yugoslav republic in territory and population , serbia ' s influence over the regions of kosovo and vojvodina was reduced by the 1974 constitution . | because its two autonomous provinces had de facto prerogatives of full - fledged republics , | serbia found that its hands were tied , for the republican government was restricted in making and carrying out decisions that would apply to the provinces . since the provinces had | ||
| 22 | methods of dealing with the yugoslav army ' s officers stationed in croatian cities . in march 1990 , during the demonstrations in [[ split ]] ( croatia ) , a | young [[ yugoslavs | | yugoslav ]] conscript was pushed off the tank after driving it through people . {{ fact | date = february 2007 }} also guns were fired from army bases through croatia | |||
| 24 | after driving it through people . {{ fact | date = february 2007 }} also guns were fired from army bases through croatia . elsewhere , tensions were running high . | in the same month , | the [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] ( ' ' jugoslovenska narodna armija , jna ' ' ) met with the presidency of yugoslavia in an attempt to get them | |||
| 107899114 | 1 | ]] in yugoslavia . the largest yugoslav republic in territory and population , serbia ' s influence over the regions of kosovo and vojvodina was reduced by the 1974 constitution . | because its two autonomous provinces had de facto prerogatives of full - fledged republics , | serbia found that its hands were tied , for the republic ' s government was restricted in making and carrying out decisions that would apply to the provinces . since the | ||
| 8 | methods of dealing with the yugoslav army ' s officers stationed in croatian cities . in march 1990 , during the demonstrations in [[ split ]] ( croatia ) , a | young [[ yugoslavs | | yugoslav army soldier drove a tank through the mass and was pushed off the tank after . {{ fact | date = february 2007 }} also guns were fired from army | |||
| 12 | pushed off the tank after . {{ fact | date = february 2007 }} also guns were fired from army bases throughout croatia . elsewhere , tensions were running high . | in the same month , | the [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] ( ' ' jugoslovenska narodna armija , jna ' ' ) , which was in the hands of ethnic serbs and montenegrins , | |||
| 110042365 | 1 | = = = = = southern slavic state = = = the first idea of a state for all south slavs emerged in the late 17th century , a product of | ' ' ' | visionary thinking of croat writers and philosophers who believed that the only way for southern slavs to regain lost freedom after centuries of occupation under the [[ austro - hungarian empire | ||
| 110043742 | 3 | nowiki > = = = southern slavic state = = = the first idea of a state for all south slavs emerged in the late 17th century , a product of | ' ' ' | visionary thinking of croat writers < small > and philosophers who believed that the only way for southern slavs to regain lost freedom after centuries of occupation under the [[ austro | ||
| 110899796 | 0 | their moral and material life " . the future state was to be called the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes and was to be a constitutional monarchy under the | [[ | karađorđević dynasty . = = = the unification of slovenes , croats and serbs = = = as the habsburg empire dissolved , a national council of slovenes , croats and | ||
| 112621417 | 1 | the political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( ' ' jugoslavija ' ' in latin , | ' ' | југославија in [[ cyrillic ]] , [[ english language | english ]] : " land of the [[ south slavs ]] " ) describes four political entities that existed one at | ||
| 2 | political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( ' ' jugoslavija ' ' in latin , југославија | ' ' | in [[ cyrillic ]] , [[ english language | english ]] : " land of the [[ south slavs ]] " ) describes four political entities that existed one at a | |||
| 112810125 | 0 | that the final organization of the state should be left to the future constituent assembly . the most prominent opponent of this decision was stjepan radić , the leader of the | [[ | croatian peasant party ( hrvatska seljačka stranka , hss ) . the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes was declared on 1 december 1918 in belgrade . = = kingdom | ||
| 115465480 | 5 | have left many ties between the peoples of the new states , even though the state policies of the new states favours differentiation , particularly in the language area . once | , | the [[ serbo - croatian language ]] was officially considered a unique language with several literary and spoken variants and was also the lingua - franca where other languages dominated ( | ||
| 115537912 | 1 | number of men , women and children were executed in these camps , most of whom were serbs . according to mile budak , croatia planned to kill a third of | the | serbs , convert a third to catholicism , and ethnically cleanse the last third . = = = resistance movements = = = {{ main | people ' s liberation war | ||
| 118460935 | 2 | yugoslavia ]] ( sfry ) " ( 1963 ) . it disintegrated following the [[ yugoslav wars ]] , which led to the secession of most of the constituent elements of | the | sfry . the ' ' ' federal republic of yugoslavia ' ' ' ( fry ) ( [[ april 27 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] & ndash ; [[ february 4 | ||
| 118636043 | 2 | year ' s maternity leave , if needed . respect for workers was a central concern of government and society . = = = population = = = the population of | yugoslavia according to | the large yugoslavia in 1980 was 23 million . after it broke in 1990 it was 15 . 2 million . = = = the government = = = in 1989 [[ jeffrey sachs ]] was in yugoslavia helping the federal government under | ||
| 231911766 | 0 | [[ istria ]] and [[ rijeka ]] were added to the new yugoslavia after the end of world war ii . the constituent socialist republics that made up the country , | from north to south , | were : [[ sr bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ sr croatia ]] , [[ sr macedonia ]] , [[ sr montenegro ]] , [[ sr serbia ]] ( including the | ||
| 236663086 | 0 | it as a part of serbia until 2008 . kosovo declared independence in february 2008 , but is not yet a member of the united nations and is only recognised by | 43 | 46 | governments . milošević ' s rejection of claims of a first - round opposition victory in new elections for the federal presidency in september 2000 led to mass demonstrations in belgrade | |
| 244325833 | 32 | = = = invasion of yugoslavia = = = {{ main | invasion of yugoslavia }} at 5 : 12 a . m . on [[ april 6 ]] [[ 1941 | ]] | , [[ nazi italians ]] , [[ italian fascism | italian ]] and [[ hungary | hungarian ]] forces attacked yugoslavia . the german air force ( ' ' [[ luftwaffe | ||
| 141 | ]] , and he died there on [[ 11 march ]] , [[ 2006 ]] , while his trial was still ongoing . on [[ april 11 ]] , [[ 2002 | ]] | , the yugoslav parliament passed a law allowing extradition of all persons charged with war crimes by the international criminal tribunal . in march 2002 , the governments of serbia and | |||
| 145 | of a new , much weaker form of cooperation called [[ serbia and montenegro ]] . by order of the yugoslav federal parliament on [[ february 4 ]] , [[ 2003 | ]] | , yugoslavia , at least nominally , ceased to exist . a federal government remained in place in belgrade but assumed largely ceremonial powers . the individual governments of serbia and | |||
| 244382178 | 0 | it as a part of serbia until 2008 . kosovo declared independence in february 2008 , but is not yet a member of the united nations and is only recognised by | 46 | 50 | governments . milošević ' s rejection of claims of a first - round opposition victory in new elections for the federal presidency in september 2000 led to mass demonstrations in belgrade | |
| 247526130 | 0 | war i ]] before the treaties of [[ treaty of neuilly - sur - seine | neuilly ]] , [[ treaty of trianon | trianon ]] and [[ treaty of rapallo | , 1920 | | rapallo ]] ]] [[ image : banovine kj . jpg | thumb | 200px | right | map showing [[ kingdom of yugoslavia # internal divisions | banovinas ]] in | ||
| 5 | 200px | right | thumb | [[ alija izetbegović ]] . ]] after tito ' s death on 4 may 1980 , [[ ethnic group | ethnic ]] [[ tension ]] | s | grew in yugoslavia . the legacy of the [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution of 1974 ]] was used to throw the system of decision - | |||
| 247526296 | 4 | slovene ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' ; [[ serbian cyrillic alphabet | cyrillic script ]] : југославија ; literally in [[ english | language | english ]] | : " south slavia " or " land of [[ south slavs ]] " ) is a term that describes three political entities that existed successively on the [[ balkan peninsula | ||
| 11 | he hoped to curb separatist tendencies and mitigate nationalist passions . however , alexander ' s policies soon encountered opposition from other [[ europe ]] an powers stemming from developments in | [[ | italy ]] and [[ germany ]] , where [[ fascism | fascists ]] and [[ nazism | nazis ]] rose to power , and the [[ soviet union ]] , where | |||
| 15 | soviet union ]] , where [[ joseph stalin | stalin ]] became absolute ruler . none of these three regimes favored the policy pursued by alexander i . in fact , | [[ | italy ]] and [[ germany ]] wanted to revise the international treaties signed after world war i , and the soviets were determined to regain their positions in europe and pursue | |||
| 19 | world war ii in yugoslavia = = = [[ adolf hitler | hitler ]] then decided to attack yugoslavia on april 6 , 1941 , followed immediately by an invasion of | [[ | greece ]] where [[ benito mussolini | mussolini ]] had previously been repelled . ( as a result , the launch of [[ operation barbarossa ]] was delayed by four weeks | |||
| 27 | replenish its armed forces . croatia also embarked upon the illegal importation of arms , ( following the disaramament of the republics armed forces by the federal jna ) mainly from | [[ | hungary ]] , and were caught when yugoslav counter intelligence ( ' ' kos , kontra - obavještajna služba ' ' ) showed a [[ špegelj tapes | video of a | |||
| 249673439 | 0 | it as a part of serbia until 2008 . kosovo declared independence in february 2008 , but is not yet a member of the united nations and is only recognised by | 50 | 52 | governments . milošević ' s rejection of claims of a first - round opposition victory in new elections for the federal presidency in september 2000 led to mass demonstrations in belgrade | |
| 257731379 | 7 | ’ s independence by the united states and most european countries * april 28 , 1992 , the formation of fry ( see below ) * november 1995 , peace signed | in dayton | by leaders of yugoslavia , bosnia and herzegovina and croatia * [[ agreement on sub - regional arms control ]] * 1996 - 1999 , clashes between yugoslav army and [[ | ||
| 258789343 | 0 | the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , which applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004 . croatia applied for membership in 2003 , and could join before 2010 | {{ fact | date = december 2008 }} | . macedonia applied in 2004 , and will probably join by 2010 – 2015 . the remaining four republics have yet to apply so their acceptance generally is not expected before | ||
| 259633956 | 1 | , in return for nato retracting their pre - war demand for nato forces to enter serbia , resulting in 250 000 serbian and other non - albanian refugees . see | also | | see [[ kosovo war ]] for more information . since june 1999 , the province has been governed by peace - keeping forces from nato and russia , although all parties | ||
| 3 | , in return for nato retracting their pre - war demand for nato forces to enter serbia , resulting in 250 000 serbian and other non - albanian refugees . see | [[ | kosovo war ]] for more information . since june 1999 , the province has been governed by peace - keeping forces from nato and russia , although all parties continued to | |||
| 264312582 | 0 | army ' s officers stationed in croatian cities . serbia and jna used this discovery of croatian rearmament for propaganda purposes . in march 1990 , during the demonstrations in [[ | split ( city ) | | split ]] , croatia , a young [[ yugoslavs | yugoslav ]] conscript was pushed off a tank after driving it through a crowd of people . {{ fact | date | ||
| 277736902 | 0 | ]] : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' ; [[ serbian cyrillic alphabet | cyrillic script ]] : југославија ; literally in english : " south slavia " or " land of | tigers | [[ south slavs ]] " ) is a term that describes three political entities that existed successively on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the 20th | ||
| 277742904 | 0 | ]] : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' ; [[ serbian cyrillic alphabet | cyrillic script ]] : југославија ; literally in english : " south slavia " or " land of | tigers | [[ south slavs ]] " ) is a term that describes three political entities that existed successively on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the 20th | ||
| 283977133 | 0 | ]] : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' ; [[ serbian cyrillic alphabet | cyrillic script ]] : југославија ; literally in english : " south slavia " or " land of | the | [[ south slavs ]] " ) is a term that describes three political entities that existed successively on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the 20th | ||
| 284695040 | 41 | three regions , massive displacement of the populations in bosnia and herzegovina and establishment of the 3 new independent states . the separation of the yugoslav republic of macedonia was peaceful | , although the yugoslav army occupied the peak of the straža mountain , on the macedonian soil | . serbian uprisings in croatia began in august 1990 by blocking roads leading from the dalmatian coast towards the inland almost a year before croatian leadership made any move towards independence | ||
| 44 | were caught when yugoslav counter intelligence ( ' ' kos , kontra - obavještajna služba ' ' ) showed a [[ špegelj tapes | video of a secret meeting ]] between | the | croatian defence minister martin špegelj and two men . špegelj announced that they were at war with the army and gave instructions about arms smuggling as well as methods of dealing | |||
| 46 | as well as methods of dealing with the yugoslav army ' s officers stationed in croatian cities . serbia and jna used this discovery of croatian rearmament for propaganda purposes . | filmed by | špegelj announced that they were at war with the army and gave instructions about arms smuggling as well as methods of dealing with the yugoslav army ' s officers stationed in | |||
| 285698474 | 0 | serbian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' ; [[ serbian cyrillic alphabet | cyrillic script ]] : југославија ; literally in english : | hi ! | " south slavia " or " land of the [[ south slavs ]] " ) is a term that describes three political entities that existed successively on the [[ balkan peninsula | ||
| 285708963 | 0 | serbian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' ; [[ serbian cyrillic alphabet | cyrillic script ]] : југославија ; literally in english : | hi ! | " south slavia " or " land of the [[ south slavs ]] " ) is a term that describes three political entities that existed successively on the [[ balkan peninsula | ||
| 286513071 | 0 | it as a part of serbia until 2008 . kosovo declared independence in february 2008 , but is not yet a member of the united nations and is only recognised by | 52 | 58 | governments . milošević ' s rejection of claims of a first - round opposition victory in new elections for the federal presidency in september 2000 led to mass demonstrations in belgrade | |
| 291205359 | 0 | it as a part of serbia until 2008 . kosovo declared independence in february 2008 , but is not yet a member of the united nations and is only recognised by | 58 | 60 | governments . milošević ' s rejection of claims of a first - round opposition victory in new elections for the federal presidency in september 2000 led to mass demonstrations in belgrade | |
| 292400542 | 0 | and [[ kosovo - metohija ]] formed a part of the republic of [[ serbia ]] but those provinces also formed part of the federation , which led to the unique | situattion | situation | that [[ central serbia ]] did not have its own assembly but a joint assembly with its provinces represented in it . the country distanced itself from the soviets in 1948 | |
| 292754074 | 7 | federal republic of yugoslavia : * june 25 , 1991 , when [[ croatia ]] and [[ slovenia ]] declared independence * september 8 , 1991 , following a referendum the | [[ | republic of yugoslavia declared independence * october 8 , 1991 , when the july 9 moratorium on slovenian and croatian secession was ended and croatia restated its independence in croatian parliament | ||
| 292756508 | 2 | and establishment of the 3 new independent states . the separation of the yugoslav republic of macedonia was peaceful , although the yugoslav army occupied the peak of the straža mountain | , | on the macedonian soil . serbian uprisings in croatia began in august 1990 by blocking roads leading from the dalmatian coast towards the inland almost a year before croatian leadership made | ||
| 296544611 | 0 | of the 20th century . the first country to be known by this name was the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , which before 3 october 1929 was known as the | [[ | kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes . it was established on 1 december 1918 by the union of the [[ state of slovenes , croats and serbs ]] and the | ||
| 296544910 | 0 | of the 20th century . the first country to be known by this name was the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , which before 3 october 1929 was known as the | [[ | kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ]] . it was established on 1 december 1918 by the union of the [[ state of slovenes , croats and serbs ]] and | ||
| 299640156 | 1 | . png | thumb | right | 300px | general location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years . ]] ' ' ' | i am moving to | yugoslavia because i am hated ' ' ' the first country to be known by this name was the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , which before 3 october 1929 was | ||
| 304658396 | 0 | of arms of croatia . svg | 40px ]] < center > | - | [[ kosovo ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | | ' ' | [[ pristina ]] ' ' | < center > [[ file : flag of kosovo . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ | ||
| 311073666 | 0 | yugoslavia ]] was discovered by [[ milorad b . protić ]] and named after yugoslavia . * famous rock and roll guitarist and historian tony m . drozdjek was born in | [[ | belgrade , 1963 . = = see also = = * [[ history of the balkans ]] * [[ history of europe ]] * [[ music of yugoslavia ]] * [[ | ||
| 314767527 | 0 | = = though the 1974 constitution dampened the institutional and material powers of the federal government , tito ' s authority substituted for this weakness until his death in 1980 . | after this death the state and [[ league of communists of yugoslavia | communist party ]] became increasingly paralysed and thrown into crisis . | = = = breakup = = = [[ file : breakup of yugoslavia . gif | thumb | right | 250px | breakup of [[ sfr yugoslavia ]] . ]] [[ | ||
| 319569174 | 4 | under the presidency of [[ milan kučan ]] , and [[ croatia ]] supported albanian miners and their struggle for formal recognition . initial strikes turned into widespread demonstrations demanding a | ' | kosovan republic . this angered serbia ' s leadership which proceeded to use police force , and later even the [[ yugoslav people ' s army | federal army ]] was | ||
| 319589909 | 11 | under the presidency of [[ milan kučan ]] , and [[ croatia ]] supported albanian miners and their struggle for formal recognition . initial strikes turned into widespread demonstrations demanding a | ' | kosovan republic ' . this angered serbia ' s leadership which proceeded to use police force , and later even the [[ yugoslav people ' s army | federal army ]] | ||
| 319701637 | 4 | under the presidency of [[ milan kučan ]] , and [[ croatia ]] supported albanian miners and their struggle for formal recognition . initial strikes turned into widespread demonstrations demanding a | ' | kosovan republic . this angered serbia ' s leadership which proceeded to use police force , and later even the [[ yugoslav people ' s army | federal army ]] was | ||
| 319852932 | 11 | under the presidency of [[ milan kučan ]] , and [[ croatia ]] supported albanian miners and their struggle for formal recognition . initial strikes turned into widespread demonstrations demanding a | ' | kosovan republic ' . this angered serbia ' s leadership which proceeded to use police force , and later even the [[ yugoslav people ' s army | federal army ]] | ||
| 321386315 | 0 | ]] fighter [[ stjepan filipović ]] shouting " death to fascism , freedom to the people ! " ( the partisan slogan ) shortly before his death in 1942 . ]] | = | = = serbian pro german sentiments = = pro - axis support of the serbian controlled yugoslav government moved prince paul of yugoslavia gradually away from france and toward germany . | ||
| 323188742 | 2 | ' [[ kosovo ]] ' ' < ref > {{ kosovo - note }} < / ref > | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | | ' ' | [[ pristina ]] ' ' | < center > [[ file : flag of kosovo . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ | ||
| 323943126 | 0 | in english : " south slavia " or " land of the [[ south slavs ]] " ) is a term that describes three political entities that existed successively on the | western part of | [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the 20th century . the first country to be known by this name was the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , | ||
| 324698346 | 1 | better known , colloquially as well as even on maps , as yugoslavia ( or jugo - slavia in the rest of europe ) ; in 1929 it was formally renamed | the | " kingdom of yugoslavia " . = = kingdom of yugoslavia = = < gallery align = right perrow = 6 > file : flag of the kingdom of yugoslavia . | ||
| 332402344 | 1 | , still disputed . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} yugoslavia was the idea for a single state for all | ( go on redtube . com ) ( its a funny website ) [[ media : [[ media : example . ogg ]] [[ media : example . ogg ]] ]] | [[ south slavs | south slavic ]] [[ intelligentsia ]] and emerged in the late 17th and gained prominence in the 19th century [[ illyrian movement ]] , that culminated in | ||
| 332402380 | 1 | _ toc _ _ = = background = = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} ' sfst ' ' ' yugoslavia was the idea for a single state for all | ( go on redtube . com ) ( its a funny website ) [[ media : [[ media : example . ogg ]] [[ media : example . ogg ]] ]] | [[ south slavs | south slavic ]] [[ intelligentsia ]] and emerged in the late 17th and gained prominence in the 19th century [[ illyrian movement ]] , that culminated in | ||
| 332523022 | 0 | of the 20th century . the first country to be known by this name was the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , which before 3 october 1929 was known as the | ' ' | kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes . it was established on 1 december 1918 by the union of the [[ state of slovenes , croats and serbs ]] and the | ||
| 335360288 | 0 | first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , which applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004 . croatia applied for membership in 2004 | , and could join before 2010 | . macedonia applied in 2004 , and will probably join by 2010 – 2015 . < ref > http : / / www . europeanvoice . com / article / 2008 | ||
| 337642740 | 10 | of the 20th century . the first country to be known by this name was the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , which before 3 october 1929 was known as the | ' ' | kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ' ' . it was established on 1 december 1918 by the union of the [[ state of slovenes , croats and serbs ]] | ||
| 337769009 | 11 | of the 20th century . the first country to be known by this name was the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , which before 3 october 1929 was known as the | ' ' | kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ' ' . it was established on 1 december 1918 by the union of the [[ state of slovenes , croats and serbs ]] | ||
| 337777732 | 11 | of the 20th century . the first country to be known by this name was the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , which before 3 october 1929 was known as the | ' ' | kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ' ' . it was established on 1 december 1918 by the union of the [[ state of slovenes , croats and serbs ]] | ||
| 338545828 | 16 | most of its existence a federal state , eventually became known in 2003 as a state union of serbia and montenegro = = see also = = * [[ history of | consisted of montenegro and serbia ]] the [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( fry ) was formed on april 28 , 1992 , and it consisted of the former socialist republic of serbia and socialist republic of montenegro . the new constitution of yugoslavia was voted by the rest of mps , elected on federal one - party elections in 1986 . the war in the western parts of former yugoslavia ended in 1995 with u . s . - sponsored peace talks in [[ dayton , ohio ]] , which resulted in the so - called [[ dayton agreement ]] . in [[ kosovo ]] , throughout the 1990s , the leadership of the albanian population had been pursuing independence with a non - violent resistance in order to achieve independence for the province . in 1996 , albanians formed [[ kosovo liberation army ]] . the yugoslav reaction involved the indiscriminate use of force against civilian populations , and caused many ethnic - albanians to flee their homes . following the [[ racak incident ]] and unsuccessful [[ rambouillet agreement ]] in the early months of 1999 , nato proceeded to bombard serbia and montenegro for more than two months , until an agreement was brokered between nato and milošević ' s government , with russia acting as intermediary . yugoslavia withdrew its forces from kosovo , in return for nato retracting their pre - war demand for nato forces to enter serbia , resulting in 250 000 serbian and other non - albanian refugees . since june 1999 , the province has been governed by peace - keeping forces from nato and russia , although all parties continued to recognize it as a part of serbia until 2008 . kosovo declared independence in february 2008 , but is not yet a member of the united nations and is only recognised by 60 governments . milošević ' s rejection of claims of a first - round opposition victory in new elections for the federal presidency in september 2000 led to mass demonstrations in belgrade on october 5 and the collapse of the regime ' s authority . the opposition ' s candidate , [[ vojislav koštunica ]] took office as yugoslav president on october 6 , 2000 . the federal republic of yugoslavia was afterwards admitted to the united nations , at the end of 2000 . on saturday , march 31 , 2001 , milošević surrendered to yugoslav security forces from his home in belgrade , following a recent warrant for his arrest on charges of abuse of power and corruption . on june 28 he was driven to the yugoslav - bosnian border where shortly after he was placed in the custody of [[ sfor ]] officials , soon to be extradited to the [[ united nations ]] [[ international criminal tribunal for the former yugoslavia ]] . his trial on charges of [[ genocide ]] in bosnia and war crimes in croatia and in kosovo and metohija began at [[ the hague ]] on february 12 , 2002 , and he died there on 11 march 2006 , while his trial was still ongoing . on april 11 , 2002 , the yugoslav parliament passed a law allowing extradition of all persons charged with war crimes by the international criminal tribunal . in march 2002 , the governments of serbia and montenegro agreed to reform the fry in favour of a new , much weaker form of cooperation called [[ serbia and montenegro ]] . by order of the yugoslav federal parliament on february 4 , 2003 , yugoslavia , at least nominally , ceased to exist . a federal government remained in place in belgrade but assumed largely ceremonial powers . the individual governments of serbia and of montenegro conducted their respective affairs almost as though the two republics were independent . furthermore , customs were established along the traditional border crossings between the two republics . on may 21 , 2006 , 86 percent of eligible montenegrin voters turned out for a special referendum on the independence of [[ montenegro ]] from the state union with serbia . they voted 55 . 5 % in favor of independence , reaching the 55 % threshold set by the [[ european union ]] . on june 3 , 2006 , montenegro officially declared its independence , with serbia following suit two days later , effectively dissolving one of the last vestiges of the former yugoslavia . = = legacy = = = = = new states = = = countries created from the former yugoslavia : { | class = " wikitable " ! < center > ' ' ' [[ list of countries | name ]] ' ' ' < / center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' [[ capital city | capital ]] ' ' ' < / center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' [[ flag ]] ' ' ' < / center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' [[ coat of arms ]] ' ' ' < / center > | - | [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] | style = " width : 7em ; font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ sarajevo ]] | style = " width : 6em ; " | < center > [[ file : flag of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | 70px ]] < / center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : bosnia and herzegovina coats of arms modified . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | [[ croatia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ zagreb ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of croatia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of croatia . svg | 40px ]] < center > | - | [[ kosovo ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ pristina ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of kosovo . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of kosovo . svg | 40px ]] < center > | - | [[ macedonia ( country ) | macedonia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ skopje ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of macedonia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of the republic of macedonia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | [[ montenegro ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ podgorica ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of montenegro . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of montenegro . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | [[ serbia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ belgrade ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of serbia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of serbia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | [[ slovenia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ ljubljana ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of slovenia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of slovenia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | } * the [[ assembly of kosovo ]] declared independence from serbia in february 2008 . see [[ international recognition of kosovo ]] . the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , which applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004 . croatia applied for membership in 2004 . macedonia applied in 2004 , and will probably join by 2010 – 2015 . < ref > http : / / www . europeanvoice . com / article / 2008 / 12 / montenegro - applies - for - eu - membership / 63428 . aspx < / ref > . montenegro presented its official application to the european union , with the hopes of gaining eu candidate status by 2009 , although it has yet to be accepted . < ref > [ http : / / euobserver . com / 9 / 27301 montenegro files eu membership application ] < / ref > . the remaining three republics have yet to apply so their acceptance generally is not expected before 2015 . these states are signatories of [[ enlargement of the european union | various partnership agreements ]] with the european union . since 1 january 2007 , they have been encircled by member - states of eu ( and albania , which is encircled with them ) . = = = remaining cultural and ethnic ties = = = the similarity of the languages and the long history of common life have left many ties among the peoples of the new states , even though the individual state policies of the new states favour differentiation , particularly in language . the [[ serbo - croatian language ]] is linguistically a unique language , with several literary and spoken variants and also was the imposed means of communication used where other languages dominated ( [[ socialist republic of slovenia | slovenia ]] , [[ socialist republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] ) . now , separate sociolinguistic standards exist for the [[ bosnian language | bosnian ]] , [[ croatian language | croatian ]] and [[ serbian language | serbian ]] languages . although the sfry had no official language , technically there had been three official languages , along with minority languages official where minorities lived , but in all federal organs only serbo - croatian or croato - serbian was used and others were expected to use it as well . remembrance of the time of the joint state and its perceived positive attributes is referred to as [[ yugonostalgy ]] ( ' ' jugonostalgija ' ' ) . many aspects of yugonostalgia refer to the socialist system and the sense of social security it provided . there are still people from the former - yugoslavia who self - identify as [[ yugoslavs ]] , and commonly seen in demographics relating to ethnicity in today ' s independent states . = = miscellaneous = = * [[ asteroid ]] [[ 1554 yugoslavia ]] was discovered by [[ milorad b . protić ]] and named after yugoslavia . = = see also = = * [[ history of the balkans ]] * [[ history of europe ]] * [[ music of yugoslavia ]] * [[ yugoslav wars ]] = = references = = {{ reflist }} * {{ loc }} – [ http : / / lcweb2 . loc . gov / frd / cs / yutoc . html yugoslavia ] = = further reading = = * allcock , john b . : explaining yugoslavia . new york : columbia university press , 2000 * anne marie du preez bezdrob : ' ' sarajevo roses : war memoirs of a peacekeeper ' ' . oshun , 2002 . isbn 177007031 * chan , adrian : ' ' free to choose : a teacher ' s resource and activity guide to revolution and reform in eastern europe ' ' . stanford , ca : spice , 1991 . ed 351 248 * cigar , norman , : ' ' genocide in bosnia : the policy of ethnic - cleansing ' ' . college station : texas a & m university press , 1995 * cohen , lenard j . : ' ' broken bonds : the disintegration of yugoslavia ' ' . boulder , co : westview press , 1993 * conversi , daniele : ' ' german - bashing and the breakup of yugoslavia ' ' , the donald w . treadgold papers in russian , east european and central asian studies , no . 16 , march 1998 ( university of washington : hmj school of international studies ) http : / / easyweb . easynet . co . uk / conversi / german . html * dragnich , alex n . : ' ' serbs and croats . the struggle in yugoslavia ' ' . new york : harcourt brace jovanovich , 1992 * fisher , sharon : ' ' political change in post - communist slovakia and croatia : from nationalist to europeanist ' ' . new york : palgrave macmillan , 2006 isbn 1 4039 7286 9 * [[ misha glenny | glenny , mischa ]] : ' ' [[ the balkans : nationalism , war and the great powers , 1804 - 1999 ]] ' ' ( london : penguin books ltd , 2000 ) * [[ misha glenny | glenny , mischa ]] : ' ' the fall of yugoslavia : the third balkan war ' ' , isbn 0 - 14 - 026101 - x * gutman , roy . : ' ' a witness to genocide . the 1993 pulitzer prize - winning dispatches on the " ethnic cleansing " of bosnia ' ' . new york : macmillan , 1993 * hall , brian : the impossible country : a journey through the last days of yugoslavia . penguin books . new york , 1994 * harris , judy j . : ' ' yugoslavia today ' ' . southern social studies journal 16 ( fall 1990 ) : 78 – 101 . ej 430 520 * hayden , robert m . : blueprints for a house divided : the constitutional logic of the yugoslav conflicts . ann arbor : university of michigan press , 2000 * hoare , marko a . , ' ' a history of bosnia : from the middle ages to the present day ' ' . london : [[ saqi books | saqi ]] , 2007 * [[ barbara jelavich | jelavich , barbara ]] : ' ' | history of yugoslavia ]] {{ disambig }} [[ af : joegoslawië ]] [[ ar : يوغوسلافيا ]] [[ ast : yugoslavia ]] [[ az : yuqoslaviya ]] [[ be : югаславія | ||
| 19 | kingdom of serbs croats and slovenes . * [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( sfr yugoslavia ; 1943 - 1992 ) , also initially known as the democratic federal | yugoslavia ( df yugoslavia ) , and federal people ' s | republic of yugoslavia ( fpr yugoslavia ) * [[ serbia and montenegro | federal republic of yugoslavia ]] , initially and for the most of its existence a federal state , | |||
| 23 | ]] , initially and for the most of its existence a federal state , eventually became known in 2003 as a state union of serbia and montenegro = = see also | = = * [[ | history of yugoslavia ]] {{ disambig }} [[ af : joegoslawië ]] [[ ar : يوغوسلافيا ]] [[ ast : yugoslavia ]] [[ az : yuqoslaviya ]] [[ be : югаславія | |||
| 347164096 | 7 | . ]] [[ file : franjotudman . jpg | thumb | 150px | right | croatian president [[ franjo tuđman ]] refused to partition croatia on ethnic lines , which angered | the | serb nationalists who wished to remain in union with serbia . this resulted in the outbreak of violence and war between croats and serbs upon croatia declaring independence , which ended | ||
| 347207640 | 1 | ]] ' s unequivocal desire to uphold the unity of serbs , a status threatned by each republic breaking away from the federation , in addition to his opposition to the | the | albanian authorities in kosovo , further inflamed ethnic tensions . ]] [[ file : franjotudman . jpg | thumb | 150px | right | croatian president [[ franjo tuđman ]] refused | ||
| 353721418 | 1 | country apart and endorsed an extreme croatian nationalist faction called the [[ ustaše ]] which committed genocide {{ citation needed | date = december 2009 }} - is jasenovac good enough | citation | for you croat ? against serbs . a small faction of bosniak nationalists joined the axis forces and attacked serbs while extreme serb nationalists engaged in attacks on bosniaks and croats | ||
| 367694598 | 11 | forces of slovenia ( republics had their local defence forces similar to [[ croatian home guard | home guard ]] ) in 1990 but wasn ' t completely successful . still | , | slovenia began to covertly import arms to replenish its armed forces . croatia also embarked upon the illegal import of arms , ( following the disaramament of the republics armed forces | ||
| 16 | acting as intermediary . yugoslavia withdrew its forces from kosovo , in return for nato retracting their pre - war demand for nato forces to enter serbia , resulting in 250 | , | 000 serbian and other non - albanian refugees . since june 1999 , the province has been governed by peace - keeping forces from nato and russia , although all parties | |||
| 400599300 | 1 | ; [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] , [[ serbian cyrillic ]] : југославија ) is a term that describes three political entities that existed successively on the western part of | the | [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the 20th century . the first country to be known by this name was the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , | ||
| 65 | from nationalist to europeanist ' ' . new york : palgrave macmillan , 2006 isbn 1 4039 7286 9 * [[ misha glenny | glenny , mischa ]] : ' ' | [[ | the balkans : nationalism , war and the great powers , 1804 - 1999 ]] ' ' ( london : penguin books ltd , 2000 ) * [[ misha glenny | | |||
| 67 | ' ' , volume 1 . new york : american council of learned societies , 1983 ed 236 093 * [[ barbara jelavich | jelavich , barbara ]] : ' ' | [[ | history of the balkans : twentieth century ]] ' ' , volume 2 . new york : american council of learned societies , 1983 . ed 236 094 * kohlmann , | |||
| 405575485 | 2 | rijeka ]] were added to the new yugoslavia after the end of world war ii . the constituent six socialist republics and two socialist autonomous provinces that made up the country | , | were : [[ sr bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ sr croatia ]] , [[ sr macedonia ]] , [[ sr montenegro ]] , [[ sr slovenia ]] and [[ sr | ||
| 405575792 | 1 | , the kingdom was better known , colloquially as well as even on maps , as yugoslavia ( or jugo - slavia in the rest of europe ) , coined from | the | slavic words " jug " ( south ) and " slaveni " ( slavs ) . in 1929 it was formally renamed to " kingdom of yugoslavia " . = = | ||
| 405577552 | 6 | after the war was over . in may 1945 , the partisans met with allied forces outside former yugoslav borders , after taking over also [[ trieste ]] and parts of | the southern | austrian southern provinces [[ styria ]] and [[ carinthia ( state ) | carinthia ]] . however , the partisans withdrew from trieste in june of the same year . western | ||
| 10 | the old government of the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , and the emigration loyal to the king , led to the [[ tito - šubašić agreement ]] in june 1944 | , | ; | however marshal [[ josip broz tito ]] was seen as a national hero by the citizens , and was elected by referendum to lead the new independent [[ communism | communist | ||
| 15 | liberation of [[ belgrade ]] and withdrew after the war was over . in may 1945 , the partisans met with allied forces outside former yugoslav borders , after taking over | also | [[ trieste ]] and parts of austrian southern provinces [[ styria ]] and [[ carinthia ( state ) | carinthia ]] . however , the partisans withdrew from trieste in june | |||
| 438819032 | 2 | of [[ enlargement of the european union | various partnership agreements ]] with the european union . since 1 january 2007 , they have been encircled by member - states of | the | eu ( and albania , which is encircled with them ) . the [[ assembly of kosovo ]] declared independence from serbia in february 2008 . its independence is [[ international | ||
| 441313646 | 66 | and hungarian forces attacked yugoslavia . the german air force ( ' ' [[ luftwaffe ]] ' ' ) bombed [[ belgrade ]] and other major yugoslav cities . on april | 17 | , representatives of yugoslavia ' s various regions signed an armistice with germany in belgrade , ending 11 days of resistance against the invading german army ( ' ' [[ wehrmacht | ||
| 107 | conceding to some of their demands . in 1974 , serbia ' s influence in the country was significantly reduced as autonomous provinces were created in ethnic albanian - majority populated | [[ | kosovo ]] and the mixed - populated [[ vojvodina ]] . these autonomous provinces held the same voting power as the republics but unlike the republics , they could not legally | |||
| 117 | and trying to secede from the croat republic . in 1986 , the [[ serbian academy of sciences and arts ]] drafted a memorandum addressing some burning issues concerning position of | [[ | serbs ]] as the most numerous people in yugoslavia . the largest yugoslav republic in territory and population , serbia ' s influence over the regions of kosovo and vojvodina was | |||
| 145 | [[ slovenia ]] declared independence * september 8 , 1991 , following a referendum the [[ republic of macedonia ]] declared independence * october 8 , 1991 , when the july | 9 | moratorium on slovenian and croatian secession was ended and croatia restated its independence in croatian parliament ( that day is celebrated as independence day in croatia ) * january 15 , | |||
| 467907565 | 0 | png | 300px | thumb | right | states and entities on the former territory of yugoslavia , 2008 . ]] = = = new states = = = countries created | directly | from the former yugoslavia : { | class = " wikitable " ! < center > ' ' ' [[ list of countries | name ]] ' ' ' < / | ||
| 467914600 | 4 | png | 300px | thumb | right | states and entities on the former territory of yugoslavia , 2008 . ]] = = = new states = = = countries created | directly | from the former yugoslavia ( with the initial [[ de iure ]] symbols ) , gained [[ un ]] membership 1991 - 2000 : { | class = " wikitable " | ||
| 495582587 | 0 | of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ file : location yugoslavia . png | thumb | right | 300px | general location of | the political entities known as | yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years . ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ croatian language | croatian ]] , [[ serbian language | serbian | ||
| 495585323 | 1 | of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ file : location yugoslavia . png | thumb | right | 300px | general location of | the political entities known as | yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years . ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ croatian language | croatian ]] , [[ serbian language | serbian | ||
| 495585894 | 18 | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ file : locationyugoslavia2 . png | thumb | right | 300px | general location of | the political entities known as | yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years . ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ croatian language | croatian ]] , [[ serbian language | serbian | ||
| 495666744 | 3 | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} {{ refimprove | date = september 2008 }} [[ file : location yugoslavia . png | thumb | right | 300px | general location of | the political entities known as | yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years . ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ serbo - croatian ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] | ||
| 495668696 | 22 | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ file : locationyugoslavia2 . png | thumb | right | 300px | general location of | the political entities known as | yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years . ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ croatian language | croatian ]] , [[ serbian language | serbian | ||
| 496003893 | 2 | = = [[ file : map of war in yugoslavia , 1992 . png | 300px | thumb | right | yugoslavia at the time of its dissolution , early 1992 | ]] | | image2 = former yugoslavia 2008 . png | caption2 = current state of affairs on the territory of the former yugoslavia , as of 2008 }} | yugoslav successor states : { | class = " wikitable " ! < center > ' ' ' [[ list of countries | name ]] ' ' ' < / center | |
| 497511009 | 0 | fall and social programmes had collapsed ; creating within the population an atmosphere of social despair and hopelessness . this was a critical turning point in the events to follow . | = | = = breakup = = = {{ main | breakup of yugoslavia }} [[ file : breakup of yugoslavia . gif | thumb | right | 250px | breakup of yugoslavia | ||
| 497533808 | 0 | htm serbia and montenegro ] < / ref > the state was finally officially renamed [[ serbia and montenegro ]] in 2003 . in april 2001 , the five successor states | drafted and in june 2001 they | signed the yugoslav agreement on succession issues . < ref > {{ cite web | url = http : / / www . dipublico . com . ar / english / | ||
| 499296493 | 7 | was ultimately the idea for a single state for all [[ south slavs | south slavic ]] [[ intelligentsia ]] and emerged in the late 17th and gained prominence in the | 19th century | [[ illyrian movement ]] . coined from the slavic words " jug " ( south ) and " slaveni " ( slavs ) . = = kingdom of yugoslavia = = | ||
| 542257478 | 2 | of kosovo ]] declared independence from serbia , leading to an ongoing dispute on whether kosovo is a legally recognized state . however , numerous countries , including the united states | and various members of the [[ european union ]] | , have recognized kosovo as an independent nation . = = = yugosphere = = = the ' ' yugosphere ' ' is the present - day physical areas that formed | ||
| 553244049 | 0 | , march 1998 ( university of washington : hmj school of international studies ) http : / / easyweb . easynet . co . uk / conversi / german . html | * | djilas , milovan : ' ' land without justice ' ' , [ with ] introd . and notes by william jovanovich . new york : harcourt , brace and co | ||
| 561302207 | 0 | - 5 * malesevic , sinisa : ideology , legitimacy and the new state : yugoslavia , serbia and croatia . london : routledge , 2002 . * owen , david | . | : ' ' balkan odyssey ' ' harcourt ( harvest book ) , 1997 * ramet , sabrina : ' ' the three yugoslavias : state - building and legitimation , | ||
| 563179561 | 0 | a rise of nationalism in all republics : slovenia and croatia made demands for looser ties within the federation , the albanian majority in kosovo demanded the status of a republic | , | ; | serbia sought absolute , not only relative dominion over yugoslavia . added to this , the croat quest for independence led to large serb communities within croatia rebelling and trying to | |
| 3 | coalition with other republics , thus outvoting serbia . serbia ' s political impotence made it possible for others to exert pressure on the 2 million serbs ( 20 % of | the | total serbian population ) living outside serbia . serbian communist leader [[ slobodan milošević ]] sought to restore pre - 1974 serbian sovereignty . other republics , especially slovenia and croatia | |||
| 4 | presidency council . the very instrument that reduced serbian influence before was now used to increase it : in the eight member council , serbia could now count on four votes | at a | minimum – serbia proper , then - loyal montenegro , and vojvodina and kosovo . as a result of these events , the [[ albanian people | ethnic albanian ]] miners | |||
| 12 | , the slovenes , supported by croats , sought to reform yugoslavia by devolving even more power to republics , but were voted down . as a result , the slovenian | , | and eventually croatian delegation left the congress , and the all - yugoslav communist party was dissolved . following the fall of communism in the rest of eastern europe , each | |||
| 13 | slovenes , supported by croats , sought to reform yugoslavia by devolving even more power to republics , but were voted down . as a result , the slovenian , and | eventually | croatian delegation left the congress , and the all - yugoslav communist party was dissolved . following the fall of communism in the rest of eastern europe , each of the | |||
| 563180646 | 0 | yugoslav wars = = {{ main | yugoslav wars }} the war broke out when the new regimes tried to replace yugoslav civilian and military forces with secessionist forces . when | , | in august 1990 croatia attempted to replace police in the serb populated croat krajina by force , the population first looked for refuge in the jna caserns , while the army | ||
| 1 | = {{ main | yugoslav wars }} the war broke out when the new regimes tried to replace yugoslav civilian and military forces with secessionist forces . when in august 1990 | , | croatia attempted to replace police in the serb populated croat krajina by force , the population first looked for refuge in the jna caserns , while the army remained passive . | |||
| 18 | and civilian life by the yugoslav peoples army – houses , a church , civilian airport was bombarded and civilian hangar and airliners inside it , truck drivers on the road | from | ljubljana – zagreb and austrian journalists on ljubljana airport were killed . ceasefire was agreed upon . according to the [[ brioni agreement ]] , recognized by representatives of all republics | |||
| 563181056 | 0 | july 2006 }} < / ref > in bosnia and herzegovina in november 1991 , the bosnian serbs held a referendum which resulted in an overwhelming vote in favour of forming | a | serbian republic in borders of bosnia and herzegovina and staying in a common state with serbia and montenegro . on 9 january 1992 , the self - proclaimed bosnian serb assembly | ||
| 563181699 | 5 | church . a civilian airport , along with a hangar and airliners inside it was bombarded ; truck drivers on the road from ljubljana to zagreb and austrian journalists at the | [[ | ljubljana airport were killed . a ceasefire was agreed upon . according to the [[ brioni agreement ]] , recognized by representatives of all republics , the international community pressured slovenia | ||
| 563182107 | 1 | the [[ republic of macedonia ]] declared independence * 8 october 1991 , when the 9 july moratorium on slovenian and croatian secession was ended and croatia restated its independence in | the | croatian parliament ( that day is celebrated as independence day in croatia ) * 15 january 1992 , when slovenia and croatia were internationally recognized by most european countries * 6 | ||
| 3 | s . and most european countries * 28 april 1992 , [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] is formed * 14 december 1995 , [[ dayton agreement ]] is signed by | the | leaders of fr yugoslavia , bosnia and herzegovina and croatia = = new states = = {{ multiple image | align = right | direction = vertical | width = 250 | |||
| 563182796 | 0 | [[ yugo - nostalgia ]] . many aspects of yugonostalgia refer to the socialist system and the sense of social security it provided . there are still people from the former | - | yugoslavia who self - identify as [[ yugoslavs ]] , and this identifier is commonly seen in demographics relating to ethnicity in today ' s independent states . = = see | ||
| 563182953 | 0 | language | croatian ]] , and [[ serbian language | serbian ]] languages . remembrance of the time of the joint state and its perceived positive attributes is referred to as | ' ' | [[ yugo - nostalgia ]] . many aspects of yugonostalgia refer to the socialist system and the sense of social security it provided . there are still people from the former | ||
| 565958816 | 2 | , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' , југославија ) was a country in the western part of | the | [[ balkans ]] during most of the 20th century . the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , which before 3 october 1929 was known as the ' ' kingdom of serbs | ||
| 568473261 | 6 | all the more hopeless as the conflict of interests had become irreconcilable . the [[ constitutional crisis ]] that inevitably followed resulted in a rise of nationalism in all republics : | slovenia and croatia made demands for looser ties within the federation , | the albanian majority in kosovo demanded the status of a republic ; serbia sought absolute , not only relative dominion over yugoslavia . added to this , the croat quest for | ||
| 588344999 | 5 | [[ kosovo ]] , [[ vojvodina ]] and [[ vardar macedonia ]] were parts of serbia prior to the unification ) . serbian royal [[ house of karadjordjevic ]] , became | the | yugoslav royalty . it gained international recognition on 13 july 1922 at the conference of ambassadors in paris . < ref > http : / / www . orderofdanilo . org | ||
| 32 | regions of [[ kosovo ]] , [[ vojvodina ]] and [[ vardar macedonia ]] were parts of serbia prior to the unification ) . serbian royal [[ house of karadjordjevic ]] | , | became yugoslav royalty . it gained international recognition on 13 july 1922 at the conference of ambassadors in paris . < ref > http : / / www . orderofdanilo . | |||
| 33 | yugoslavia in 1946 , when a communist government was established . in 1963 , it was renamed again to the [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( sfry ) . | this became the largest yugoslav state as [[ istria ]] , [[ rijeka ]] , and [[ zadar ]] were added to the new | yugoslavia after the end of world war ii . the constituent six socialist republics and two socialist autonomous provinces that made up the country were [[ socialist republic of bosnia and | |||
| 594475714 | 13 | the invading german army ( ' ' [[ wehrmacht heer ]] ' ' ) . more than 300 , 000 yugoslav officers and soldiers were taken prisoner . the axis powers | < ref > {{ cite web | url = http : / / www . indiana . edu / ~ league / 1941 . htm | title = chronology 1929 | author = ' ' [[ indiana university ]] ' ' | publisher = indiana . edu | date = october 2002 }} < / ref > the [[ | axis powers occupied yugoslavia and split it up . the [[ independent state of croatia ]] was established as a [[ nazi ]] satellite state , ruled by the fascist militia | ||
| 14 | were expelled , and another 200 , 000 were forced to convert to catholicism ; the victims were predominantly [[ serbs | serbians ]] but included 37 , 000 jews . | ]] | occupied yugoslavia and split it up . the [[ independent state of croatia ]] was established as a [[ nazi ]] satellite state , ruled by the fascist militia known as | |||
| 16 | yugoslavia }} at 5 : 12 & nbsp ; am on 6 april 1941 , [[ nazi germany | german ]] , [[ italian fascism | italian ]] and hungarian forces | attacked | yugoslavia . the german air force ( ' ' [[ luftwaffe ]] ' ' ) bombed [[ belgrade ]] and other major yugoslav cities . on 17 april , representatives of | |||
| 594480786 | 0 | ) , as well as the republics of bosnia and herzegovina , and montenegro , were granted greater autonomy to the point that albanian and hungarian became nationally recognised minority languages | , | and the serbo - croat of bosnia and montenegro altered to a form based on the speech of the local people and not on the standards of zagreb and belgrade . | ||
| 605733772 | 1 | century . the name was created by the combination of the slavic words " jug " ( south ) and " slaveni " ( slavs ) . yugoslavia was result of | the | [[ corfu declaration ]] , as project of serbian parliament in exile and serbian royal [[ karađorđević dynasty ]] , who became yugoslav royal dynasty . = = kingdom of yugoslavia | ||
| 2 | by the combination of the slavic words " jug " ( south ) and " slaveni " ( slavs ) . yugoslavia was result of [[ corfu declaration ]] , as | a | project of serbian parliament in exile and serbian royal [[ karađorđević dynasty ]] , who became yugoslav royal dynasty . = = kingdom of yugoslavia = = {{ main | kingdom | |||
| 3 | combination of the slavic words " jug " ( south ) and " slaveni " ( slavs ) . yugoslavia was result of [[ corfu declaration ]] , as project of | the | serbian parliament in exile and serbian royal [[ karađorđević dynasty ]] , who became yugoslav royal dynasty . = = kingdom of yugoslavia = = {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia | |||
| 5 | " ( slavs ) . yugoslavia was result of [[ corfu declaration ]] , as project of serbian parliament in exile and serbian royal [[ karađorđević dynasty ]] , who became | the | yugoslav royal dynasty . = = kingdom of yugoslavia = = {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia }} {{ multiple image | align = right | direction = vertical | width | |||
| 605734785 | 3 | the flags of yugoslav nations were banned . communist ideas were banned also . the king was assassinated in [[ marseille ]] during an official visit to france in 1934 by | [[ vlado chernozemski ]] , | an experienced [[ vlado chernozemski | marksman ]] from [[ ivan mihailov | ivan mihailov ' s ]] [[ internal macedonian revolutionary organization ]] with the cooperation of the [[ ustaše | ||
| 606952320 | 3 | paris . < ref > http : / / www . orderofdanilo . org / en / family / index . htm < / ref > the country was named after | the | [[ south slavs | south slavic peoples ]] as their first union ever , after centuries - long rules of the [[ ottoman empire ]] and [[ austria - hungary ]] | ||
| 608604340 | 2 | pp . 1189 . < / ref > }} under the name of ' ' ' kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ' ' ' {{ note | note1 = | [[ | bosniaks ( muslims ) are not mentioned in state name for anti - muslim policy during that times }} by the merger of the provisional [[ state of slovenes , croats | ||
| 610972401 | 5 | . 1189 . < / ref > }} under the name of ' ' ' kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ' ' ' by the merger of the provisional | [[ | state of slovenes , croats and serbs ]] ( itself formed from territories of the former [[ austro - hungarian empire ]] ) with the formerly independent [[ kingdom of serbia | ||
| 611563753 | 0 | . 1189 . < / ref > }} under the name of ' ' ' kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ' ' ' by the merger of the provisional | [[ | state of [[ serbs ]] , [[ croats ]] and [[ slovenes ]] ( itself formed from territories of the former [[ austro - hungarian empire ]] ) with the formerly | ||
| 616726337 | 10 | of the negotiations was to include bulgaria in yugoslavia or to form a new union of two independent countries . after the intervention of stalin this agreement was never realized . | the break between belgrade and moscow was now imminent . < ref > {{ cite book | author1 = john o . iatrides | author2 = linda wrigley | title = greece at the crossroads : the civil war and its legacy | url = http : / / books . google . com / books ? id = vv1t3d _ 3vjkc & pg = pa267 | year = 2004 | publisher = penn state university press | pages = 267 – 73 }} < / ref > | yugoslavia solved the national issue of nations and nationalities ( national minorities ) in a way that all nations and nationalities had the same rights . the flags of the republics | ||
| 13 | modeled after the [[ soviet union ]] , established six republics , an autonomous province , and an autonomous district that were part of sr serbia . the federal capital was | [[ | belgrade ]] . { | class = " wikitable " | - ! < center > ' ' ' [[ list of countries | name ]] ' ' ' < / | |||
| 616888308 | 4 | , but both entities retained a vote in the yugoslav presidency council . the very instrument that reduced serbian influence before was now used to increase it : in the eight | - | member council , serbia could now count on four votes at a minimum – serbia proper , then - loyal montenegro , vojvodina , and kosovo . as a result of | ||
| 616890253 | 11 | were more important than the prime minister . the suppression of national identities escalated with the so - called [[ croatian spring ]] of 1970 – 1971 , when students in | [[ | zagreb ]] organized demonstrations for greater civil liberties and greater croatian autonomy . the regime stifled the public protest and incarcerated the leaders , but many key croatian representatives in the | ||
| 629998315 | 0 | nations and nationalities ( national minorities ) in a way that all nations and nationalities had the same rights . the flags of the republics used versions of the red flag | and / | or slavic tricolor , with a [[ red star ]] in the centre or in the canton . = = the 1948 yugoslavia - soviet split = = {{ further | | ||
| 674434093 | 0 | croatian ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' , југославија ) , once spelled and called " | ' ' | jugoslavia " , was a country in [[ southeast europe ]] during most of the 20th century . it came into existence after [[ world war i ]] in 1918 {{ | ||
| 675969689 | 1 | assassinated in [[ marseille ]] during an official visit to france in 1934 by [[ vlado chernozemski ]] , an experienced marksman from [[ ivan mihailov | ivan mihailov ' s | ]] | [[ internal macedonian revolutionary organization ]] with the cooperation of the [[ ustaše ]] , a croatian fascist revolutionary organisation . alexander was succeeded by his eleven - year - old | ||
| 700247991 | 0 | sentiment and proceeded to reduce the province ' s autonomy . in 1986 , the [[ serbian academy of sciences and arts ]] drafted a memorandum addressing some burning issues concerning | the | position of serbs as the most numerous people in yugoslavia . the largest yugoslav republic in territory and population , serbia ' s influence over the regions of kosovo and vojvodina | ||
| 702550312 | 3 | - indef }} {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} [[ file : yugoslavia location map . svg | thumb | right | 300px | general location of | [[ | yugoslavia . first established with the [[ treaty of rapallo , 1920 | treaty of rapallo ]] , the original western border left a population of half a million [[ south | ||
| 7 | location of yugoslavia . first established with the [[ treaty of rapallo , 1920 | treaty of rapallo ]] , the original western border left a population of half a million | ' ' ' | [[ south slavs ]] < ref name = " hehnp _ low _ dishonest _ decade " > hehn , paul n . ( 2005 ) [ https : / / | |||
| 34 | by the [[ yugoslav partisans | partisan resistance ]] . in 1944 , the king recognised it as the legitimate government , but in november 1945 the monarchy was abolished . | [[ | yugoslavia was renamed the federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia in 1946 , when a communist government was established . it acquired the territories of [[ istria ]] , [[ | |||
| 702550622 | 0 | [[ republic of kosovo | kosovo ]] proclaimed independence in [[ 2008 ]] . = = background = = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} the concept of ' ' | [[ | yugoslavia ' ' , as a single state for all [[ south slavs | south slavic ]] peoples , emerged in the late 17th century and gained prominence through the [[ | ||
| 8 | [[ illyrian movement ]] of the 19th century . the name was created by the combination of the slavic words " jug " ( south ) and " slaveni " ( | [[ | slavs ) . yugoslavia was the result of the [[ corfu declaration ]] , as a project of the serbian parliament in exile and the serbian royal [[ karađorđević dynasty ]] | |||
| 9 | illyrian movement ]] of the 19th century . the name was created by the combination of the slavic words " jug " ( south ) and " slaveni " ( slavs | ]] | ) . yugoslavia was the result of the [[ corfu declaration ]] , as a project of the serbian parliament in exile and the serbian royal [[ karađorđević dynasty ]] , | |||
| 10 | ]] of the 19th century . the name was created by the combination of the slavic words " jug " ( south ) and " slaveni " ( slavs ) . | [[ | yugoslavia was the result of the [[ corfu declaration ]] , as a project of the serbian parliament in exile and the serbian royal [[ karađorđević dynasty ]] , who became | |||
| 12 | words " jug " ( south ) and " slaveni " ( slavs ) . yugoslavia was the result of the [[ corfu declaration ]] , as a project of the | [[ | serbian parliament in exile and the serbian royal [[ karađorđević dynasty ]] , who became the yugoslav royal dynasty . = = kingdom of yugoslavia = = {{ main | kingdom | |||
| 14 | was the result of the [[ corfu declaration ]] , as a project of the serbian parliament in exile and the serbian royal [[ karađorđević dynasty ]] , who became the | [[ | yugoslav royal dynasty . = = kingdom of yugoslavia = = {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia }} {{ multiple image | align = right | direction = vertical | width | |||
| 702550753 | 1 | slavs ]] ) . [[ yugoslavia ]] was the result of the [[ corfu declaration ]] , as a project of the [[ serbian parliament ]] in exile and the serbian | ]] | royal [[ karađorđević dynasty ]] , who became the [[ yugoslav ]] royal dynasty . = = kingdom of yugoslavia = = {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia }} {{ multiple | ||
| 702589142 | 3 | - indef }} {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} [[ file : yugoslavia location map . svg | thumb | right | 300px | general location of | [[ | yugoslavia ]] . first established with the ' ' ' [[ treaty of rapallo , 1920 | treaty of rapallo ]] ' ' ' , the original western border left a | ||
| 7 | with the ' ' ' [[ treaty of rapallo , 1920 | treaty of rapallo ]] ' ' ' , the original western border left a population of half a million | ' ' ' | [[ south slavs ]] ' ' ' < ref name = " hehnp _ low _ dishonest _ decade " > hehn , paul n . ( 2005 ) [ https | |||
| 34 | partisans | partisan resistance ]] . in [[ 1944 ]] , the king recognised it as the legitimate government , but in [[ november 1945 ]] the monarchy was abolished . | [[ | yugoslavia ]] was renamed the [[ federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ]] in [[ 1946 ]] , when a [[ communist government ]] was established . it acquired the | |||
| 76 | of the [[ 19th century ]] . the name was created by the combination of the slavic words " jug " ( [[ south ]] ) and " slaveni " ( | [[ | slavs ]] ) . [[ yugoslavia ]] was the result of the [[ corfu declaration ]] , as a project of the [[ serbian parliament ]] in exile and the [[ | |||
| 77 | [[ 19th century ]] . the name was created by the combination of the slavic words " jug " ( [[ south ]] ) and " slaveni " ( [[ slavs | ]] | ) . [[ yugoslavia ]] was the result of the [[ corfu declaration ]] , as a project of the [[ serbian parliament ]] in exile and the [[ serbian ]] | |||
| 78 | ]] . the name was created by the combination of the slavic words " jug " ( [[ south ]] ) and " slaveni " ( [[ slavs ]] ) . | [[ | yugoslavia ]] was the result of the [[ corfu declaration ]] , as a project of the [[ serbian parliament ]] in exile and the [[ serbian ]] royal [[ karađorđević | |||
| 80 | south ]] ) and " slaveni " ( [[ slavs ]] ) . [[ yugoslavia ]] was the result of the [[ corfu declaration ]] , as a project of the | [[ | serbian parliament ]] in exile and the [[ serbian ]] royal [[ karađorđević dynasty ]] , who became the [[ yugoslav ]] royal dynasty . = = kingdom of yugoslavia = | |||
| 82 | [[ slavs ]] ) . [[ yugoslavia ]] was the result of the [[ corfu declaration ]] , as a project of the [[ serbian parliament ]] in exile and the | [[ | serbian ]] royal [[ karađorđević dynasty ]] , who became the [[ yugoslav ]] royal dynasty . = = kingdom of yugoslavia = = {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia }} | |||
| 83 | ]] ) . [[ yugoslavia ]] was the result of the [[ corfu declaration ]] , as a project of the [[ serbian parliament ]] in exile and the [[ serbian | ]] | royal [[ karađorđević dynasty ]] , who became the [[ yugoslav ]] royal dynasty . = = kingdom of yugoslavia = = {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia }} {{ multiple | |||
| 84 | the [[ corfu declaration ]] , as a project of the [[ serbian parliament ]] in exile and the [[ serbian ]] royal [[ karađorđević dynasty ]] , who became the | [[ | yugoslav ]] royal dynasty . = = kingdom of yugoslavia = = {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia }} {{ multiple image | align = right | direction = vertical | | |||
| 716053999 | 1 | very instrument that reduced serbian influence before was now used to increase it : in the eight - member council , serbia could now count on four votes at a minimum | – | : | serbia proper , then - loyal montenegro , vojvodina , and kosovo . as a result of these events , the [[ albanians in kosovo | ethnic albanian ]] miners in | |
| 743994176 | 2 | protests did occur , but these were usually repressed and nationalist leaders were arrested and some were executed by yugoslav officials . however one protest in croatia in the 1970s , | called | the " [[ croatian spring ]] " was backed by large numbers of croats who claimed that yugoslavia remained a serb hegemony and demanded that serbia ' s powers be reduced | ||
| 771008801 | 0 | march ]] . army general [[ dušan simović ]] seized power , arrested the vienna delegation , exiled paul , and ended the regency , giving 17 - year - old | [[ | king | peter ii of yugoslavia | king peterii ]] full powers . [[ adolf hitler | hitler ]] then decided to attack yugoslavia on 6 april 1941 , followed immediately by an | |
| 771012619 | 0 | [[ banovina of croatia ]] }} the country was formed in 1918 immediately after world war i as the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes by union of the [[ | kingdom of serbia ]] , , which already absorved [[ kingdom of montenegro ]] , and the [[ | state of slovenes , croats and serbs ]] and the [[ kingdom of serbia ]] . it was commonly referred to at the time as the " [[ treaty of versailles | ||
| 772700676 | 0 | . fifoost . org / jugoslaw / yugo . pdf | publisher = ebrd country promotion programme | page = 3 }} < / ref > fry was renamed to the | ' ' ' | [[ | state union of serbia and montenegro ' ' ' in 2003 . serbia and montenegro themselves broke up in 2006 and became independent states , while [[ republic of kosovo | | |
| 772701137 | 22 | [[ banovina of croatia ]] }} the country was formed in 1918 immediately after world war i as the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes by union of the [[ | kingdom of serbia ]] , , which already absorved [[ kingdom of montenegro ]] , and the [[ | state of slovenes , croats and serbs ]] . it was commonly referred to at the time as the " [[ treaty of versailles | versailles ]] state " . later | ||
| 778242726 | 2 | ) , the federal executive council specifically ordered the army to take control of the " internationally recognised borders " , leading to the [[ ten - day war ]] . | as slovenia and croatia fights towards independence , the serbian and croatian forces indulged into a violent and perilous rivalry . < ref name = " : 0 " / > | the [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] forces , based in barracks in slovenia and croatia , attempted to carry out the task within the next 48 hours . however | ||
| 779745544 | 0 | the united nations | pages = 241 – 243 }} < / ref > in 2000 , milosevic was trailed for the atrocities he committed and partook in during his ten | - | year ruling in serbia and the yugoslavia war . < ref name = " : 0 " / > eventually , after the [[ overthrow of slobodan milošević ]] from power | ||
| 785635499 | 1 | and nationalities ( national minorities ) in a way that all nations and nationalities had the same rights . the flags of the republics used versions of the red flag or | [[ pan - slavic colors | | slavic tricolor , with a [[ red star ]] in the centre or in the canton . = = the 1948 yugoslavia - soviet split = = {{ further information | | ||
| 817772955 | 0 | yugoslavia | native _ name = | common _ name = yugoslavia | continent = europe | region = east europe | life _ span = 1918 – 1992 | p1 | = kingdom of serbia | flag _ p1 = state flag of serbia ( 1882 - 1918 ) . svg | p2 | = state of slovenes , croats and serbs | flag _ p1 = flag of the state of slovenes , croats and serbs . svg | p2 = kingdom of serbia | ||
| 837897027 | 0 | , croats and slovenes ' ' ' by the merger of the provisional [[ state of slovenes , croats and serbs ]] ( itself formed from territories of the former [[ | austria - hungary | | austro - hungarian empire ]] ) with the formerly independent [[ kingdom of serbia ]] . the serbian royal [[ house of karađorđević ]] became the yugoslav royal dynasty . yugoslavia | ||
| 846863177 | 2 | p1 = state flag of serbia ( 1882 - 1918 ) . svg | p2 = state of slovenes , croats and serbs | flag _ p2 = flag of the | kingdom of montenegro . svg | p3 = austro - hungarian rule in bosnia and herzegovina | flag _ p3 = flag of bosnia ( 1908 - 1918 ) . svg | p4 = kingdom of croatia - slavonia | flag _ p4 = flag of croatia - slavonia . svg | p5 = duchy of carniola | flag _ p5 = flag of krain . svg | p6 = kingdom of dalmatia | flag _ p6 = flag of the kingdom of dalmatia . svg | p7 = free | state of slovenes , croats and serbs . svg | s1 = croatia | flag _ s1 = flag of croatia . svg | s2 = slovenia | flag _ s2 |
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| 219507 | 0 | {st@rt} | [[ de : jugoslawien ]] | [[ eo : jugoslavio ]] [[ pl : jugos % b3awia ]] < div style = " float : right " > [[ image : yugoslavia _ flag _ medium . | ||||
| 403378 | 1 | ]] < / div > the federal republic of ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' is a country in southeastern europe , formed in [[ 1918 ]] as a [[ | monarchy | kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes | ]] . after [[ world war ii ]] it became a [[ communism | communist ]] country , ( petar ii [[ karadjordjevic ]] was the last king ) under [[ | |||
| 644304 | 2 | agreement regarding continued cooperation , which , among other changes , promised the end of yugoslavia . on 4th february , 2003 the federal parliament of yugoslavia agreed to independence of | [[ serbia ]] and [[ montenegro ]] | the remaining two states | within a lose commonwealth called [[ serbia and montenegro ]] ' ' ' . < b > [[ country codes | country code ]] ( top level domain ) : < | |||
| 823595 | 1 | div > until [[ february 4 ]] , [[ 2003 ]] the federal republic of ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' has been a country in southeastern [[ europe ]] | , | . yugoslavia | formed in [[ 1918 ]] as the [[ kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ]] and renamed kingdom of yugoslavia in [[ 1929 ]] . after [[ world war ii | |||
| 1298298 | 16 | * [[ federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ]] from 1946 to [[ 1963 ]] , * [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] from 1963 to [[ 1992 ]] | * federal republic of yugoslavia | when its constituent republics [[ slovenia ]] | , from 1992 to [[ 2003 ]] , * [[ serbia and montenegro ]] , from 2003 onward . see [[ history of yugoslavia ]] for relation among the three . | |||
| 6239846 | 0 | , the name means ' ' land of the south [[ slavs ]] ' ' ( ' ' jug ' ' in ' ' jugoslavija ' ' means south ) . | * the first was a [[ monarchy | kingdom ]] formed in [[ 1918 ]] as the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ]] ' ' ' , which was re - named the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' in [[ 1929 ]] and existed under that name until it was invaded in [[ 1941 ]] by the [[ axis powers ]] | = = yugoslavians are troubling switzerland | . * the second was a [[ communist state ]] established immediately after [[ world war ii ]] in [[ 1945 ]] as ' ' ' democratic federal yugoslavia ( dfy | |||
| 6994800 | 0 | , the name means ' ' land of the south [[ slavs ]] ' ' ( ' ' jug ' ' in ' ' jugoslavija ' ' means south ) . | = = yugoslavians are troubling switzerland | * the first was a [[ monarchy | kingdom ]] formed in [[ 1918 ]] as the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ]] ' ' ' , which was re - named the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' in [[ 1929 ]] and existed under that name until it was invaded in [[ 1941 ]] by the [[ axis powers ]] | . they should be terminated . = = = = legacy = = the present - day countries created from the former parts of yugoslavia are : * [[ bosnia and | |||
| 8716078 | 9 | to great losses for yugoslavia , approximately one million people ( the [[ demography | demographic ]] loss was 1 , 700 , 000 people or 10 % of the population | ) | of yugoslavia | . in liberated territories , nla organized [[ people ' s committee ]] s to act as civilian government . on [[ november 25 ]] , [[ 1942 ]] , the | |||
| 8716833 | 0 | party of yugoslavia ]] . the nla initiated a wide - spread [[ guerrilla ]] campaign which developed into the largest resistance army in occupied western and central europe . the | germans | german | response was to punish the civil population by initiating reprisal killings and by permitting free hand to quisling forces of the government of croatia , leading to great civilain loss of | |||
| 8778698 | 7 | into loose confederation of six republics in autumn 1990 , however [[ slobodan milosevic | milosevic ]] rejected all such proposals with an argument that all serbs should live in the | [[ greater serbia | | same country ]] . slovenia and croatia declared independence from yugoslavia in [[ 1991 ]] ; macedonia followed in [[ 1992 ]] together with bosnia - herzegovina , albeit only two | ||||
| 9383013 | 1 | ; evi & # 263 ; ]] in january [[ 1990 ]] , the extraordinary 14th congress of the [[ league of communists of yugoslavia ]] was convened . the delegation | of serbia | , | led by milo & # 353 ; evi & # 263 ; insisted on the reversal of 1974 constitution policy that empowered the republics and rather wanted to introduce a policy | |||
| 10162853 | 0 | ' in [[ 1929 ]] and existed under that name until it was invaded in [[ 1941 ]] by the [[ axis powers ]] . * the second was a [[ | communist | socialist | state ]] established immediately after [[ world war ii ]] in [[ 1945 ]] as ' ' ' democratic federal yugoslavia ( dfy ) ' ' ' , which in [[ | |||
| 12142335 | 2 | war with [[ history of greece | greece ]] , and before germany committed its forces to the greek campaign , it wanted to secure yugoslavia ' s support . [[ | pavle karadjordjevic | peter ii ]] , was a child , so power fell into the hands of the ineffectual [[ prince paul of yugoslavia | prince | | royal regent paul ]] submitted to the fascist pressure and signed the [[ tripartite treaty ]] in [[ vienna ]] on [[ march 25 ]] , [[ 1941 ]] , | |||
| 12142490 | 2 | returned on [[ march 27 ]] . army general [[ dusan simovic ]] seized power , arrested the vienna delegation , exiled paul , and instated the 17 - year old | crown prince [[ petar ii karadjordjevic | | king | peter ]] as the new king . [[ adolf hitler | hitler ]] then decided to attack yugoslavia on [[ april 6 ]] , followed immediately by an invasion of [[ | |||
| 12496861 | 0 | asteroid ]] [[ 1554 yugoslavia ]] was discovered by [[ milorad b . protitch ]] and named after yugoslavia . = = see also = = * [[ history of the | balkans | fack | ]] * [[ history of europe ]] = = references = = * {{ loc }} - [ http : / / lcweb2 . loc . gov / frd / cs | |||
| 13171271 | 1 | peace talks in [[ dayton , ohio ]] , with the so - called [[ dayton agreement ]] . after some years of peace , in [[ 1998 ]] , [[ | uck | kosovo liberation army | ]] , an albanian terrorist group , started terrorist actions in the southern serbian province . in [[ 1999 ]] nato bombed serbia and montenegro for more than two months ( | |||
| 18469162 | 0 | = = ' ' main article : [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' [[ image : peter i karageorgevich . jpg | thumb | 200px | right | peter i | karadjordjevi & # 263 ; | karađorđević | , the first king of yugoslavia ]] the goals of the yugoslav committee were partly reached by the end of the [[ world war i | first world war ]] in | |||
| 5 | [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , which were then both in the [[ austro - hungarian monarchy ]] . on [[ november 22 ]] , [[ 1914 ]] , [[ ante | trumbic | ante | trumbi & # 263 ; ]] , [[ frano supilo ]] , [[ ivan mestrovic | ivan me & # 353 ; trovi & # 263 ; ]] , [[ hinko | |||||
| 6 | ]] . on [[ november 22 ]] , [[ 1914 ]] , [[ ante trumbic | ante trumbi & # 263 ; ]] , [[ frano supilo ]] , [[ ivan | mestrovic | ivan | me & # 353 ; trovi & # 263 ; ]] , [[ hinko hinkovic | hinko hinkovi & # 263 ; ]] and [[ franko potocnjak | franko poto & | |||||
| 8 | [[ ivan mestrovic | ivan me & # 353 ; trovi & # 263 ; ]] , [[ hinko hinkovic | hinko hinkovi & # 263 ; ]] and [[ franko | potocnjak | franko | poto & # 269 ; njak ]] from croatia and [[ nikola stojanovic | nikola stojanovi & # 263 ; ]] and [[ dusan vasiljevic | du & # 353 ; | |||||
| 10 | ; ]] and [[ franko potocnjak | franko poto & # 269 ; njak ]] from croatia and [[ nikola stojanovic | nikola stojanovi & # 263 ; ]] and [[ | dusan vasiljevic | | du & # 353 ; an vasiljevi & # 263 ; ]] from bosnia and herzegovina first met with [[ pavle popovic | pavle popovi & # 263 ; ]] , | |||||
| 11 | & # 263 ; ]] and [[ dusan vasiljevic | du & # 353 ; an vasiljevi & # 263 ; ]] from bosnia and herzegovina first met with [[ pavle | popovic | pavle | popovi & # 263 ; ]] , a representative of [[ nikola pasic | nikola pa & # 353 ; i & # 263 ; ]] ' s [[ serbia ]] | |||||
| 12 | ; an vasiljevi & # 263 ; ]] from bosnia and herzegovina first met with [[ pavle popovic | pavle popovi & # 263 ; ]] , a representative of [[ | nikola pasic | | nikola pa & # 353 ; i & # 263 ; ]] ' s [[ serbia ]] n government , on neutral ground in [[ florence ]] , [[ italy ]] | |||||
| 17 | senior military officers were also opposed to the treaty and launched a [[ coup d ' état ]] when the king returned on [[ march 27 ]] . army general [[ | dusan simovic | | du & # 353 ; an simovi & # 263 ; ]] seized power , arrested the vienna delegation , exiled paul , and ended the regency , giving 17 year | |||||
| 18 | occupied yugoslavia and split it up . the [[ independent state of croatia ]] was established as a nazi puppet - state , ruled by the far - right militia [[ | ustashe | | usta & # 353 ; e ]] . [[ nazi germany | german ]] troops occupied part of [[ serbia ]] and [[ slovenia ]] , while other parts of the | |||||
| 19 | organized resistance movements . those inclined towards supporting the old kingdom of yugoslavia joined the [[ chetniks ]] , a mostly serb - composed nationalistic royalist guerilla led by colonel [[ | draza mihailovic | | dra & # 382 ; a mihajlovi & # 263 ; ]] . those inclined towards supporting the [[ communist party of yugoslavia | communist party ]] ( and against the | |||||
| 20 | civilian government . on [[ november 25 ]] , [[ 1942 ]] , the [[ avnoj | anti - fascist council of national liberation of yugoslavia ]] was convened in [[ | bihac | | biha & # 263 ; ]] . the council reconvened on [[ november 29 ]] , [[ 1943 ]] in [[ jajce ]] and established the basis for post - war | |||||
| 23 | of " one person , one vote " , which would empower the majority population , the serbs . this caused the slovenian and croatian delegations ( led by [[ milan | kucan | milan | ku & # 269 ; an ]] and [[ ivica racan | ivica ra & # 269 ; an ]] , respectively ) , who instead favored more economic liberalization ( | |||||
| 24 | the majority population , the serbs . this caused the slovenian and croatian delegations ( led by [[ milan kucan | milan ku & # 269 ; an ]] and [[ | ivica racan | | ivica ra & # 269 ; an ]] , respectively ) , who instead favored more economic liberalization ( such as [[ perestroika ]] ) , to leave the congress in | |||||
| 25 | each of the republics elected a new government democratically , but the unresolved issues remained . in particular , slovenia and croatia elected governments oriented towards independence ( under [[ milan | kucan | milan | ku & # 269 ; an ]] and [[ franjo tudjman | franjo tu & # 273 ; man ]] , respectively ) , while serbia and montenegro elected candidates who | |||||
| 26 | unresolved issues remained . in particular , slovenia and croatia elected governments oriented towards independence ( under [[ milan kucan | milan ku & # 269 ; an ]] and [[ | franjo tudjman | | franjo tu & # 273 ; man ]] , respectively ) , while serbia and montenegro elected candidates who favoured yugoslav unity . in march [[ 1990 ]] , the [[ | |||||
| 22785116 | 14 | senior military officers were also opposed to the treaty and launched a [[ coup d ' état ]] when the king returned on [[ march 27 ]] . army general [[ | du & # 353 ; an simovi & # 263 ; | dušan simović | ]] seized power , arrested the vienna delegation , exiled paul , and ended the regency , giving 17 year old king peter full powers . [[ adolf hitler | hitler | |||
| 26468448 | 1 | build its own way to [[ socialism ]] under strong political leadership of [[ josip broz tito ]] . the country criticized both [[ eastern bloc | eastern ]] and [[ | western bloc | nato | | western bloc ]] nations and , together with other countries , started the [[ non - aligned movement ]] in [[ 1961 ]] , which remained the official affiliation of | |||
| 2 | way to [[ socialism ]] under strong political leadership of [[ josip broz tito ]] . the country criticized both [[ eastern bloc | eastern ]] and [[ western bloc | | western bloc | nato | ]] nations and , together with other countries , started the [[ non - aligned movement ]] in [[ 1961 ]] , which remained the official affiliation of the country until | ||||
| 29234174 | 0 | were then deployed under the u . n banner to monitor macedonia ' s northern borders with the republic of serbia , yugoslavia . macedonia ' s first president , [[ | kire | kiro | gligurov ]] , maintained good relations with belgrade and the other breakaway republics and there have to date been no problems between macedonian and serbo - montenegrin border police even though | |||
| 30912745 | 1 | [[ france ]] in [[ 1934 ]] , he was assassinated by [[ imro | bulgarian nationalist and imro activist ]] velichko kerin ( more popular with his revolutionary pseudonym vlado | chernozemski | chernosemski ]] | ) . his son and successor , [[ peter ii of yugoslavia | peter ii ]] ( petar ii ) , was a child , so power fell into the hands | |||
| 31634463 | 0 | federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ]] , modeling the [[ soviet union ]] , established six constituent republics and two autonomous provinces . the republics were : * [[ | tiger ' s lair | bosnia and herzegovina | ]] * [[ tiger pwns you ]] * [[ tiger world ]] * [[ lawlzs tiger ]] * [[ tiger ' s kingdom ]] * [[ tiger country ]] and within | |||
| 1 | ]] , modeling the [[ soviet union ]] , established six constituent republics and two autonomous provinces . the republics were : * [[ tiger ' s lair ]] * [[ | tiger pwns you | croatia | ]] * [[ tiger world ]] * [[ lawlzs tiger ]] * [[ tiger ' s kingdom ]] * [[ tiger country ]] and within serbia ' s new reduced borders | ||||
| 2 | union ]] , established six constituent republics and two autonomous provinces . the republics were : * [[ tiger ' s lair ]] * [[ tiger pwns you ]] * [[ | tiger world | republic of macedonia | macedonia | ]] * [[ lawlzs tiger ]] * [[ tiger ' s kingdom ]] * [[ tiger country ]] and within serbia ' s new reduced borders , the people of the | ||||
| 3 | constituent republics and two autonomous provinces . the republics were : * [[ tiger ' s lair ]] * [[ tiger pwns you ]] * [[ tiger world ]] * [[ | lawlzs tiger | montenegro | ]] * [[ tiger ' s kingdom ]] * [[ tiger country ]] and within serbia ' s new reduced borders , the people of the following two regions were granted | ||||
| 4 | provinces . the republics were : * [[ tiger ' s lair ]] * [[ tiger pwns you ]] * [[ tiger world ]] * [[ lawlzs tiger ]] * [[ | tiger ' s kingdom | serbia | ]] * [[ tiger country ]] and within serbia ' s new reduced borders , the people of the following two regions were granted limited autonomous rights : * [[ vojvodina | ||||
| 31880397 | 0 | ' ' the goals of the yugoslav committee were partly reached by the end of the [[ world war i | first world war ]] in [[ 1918 ]] , when | austria - hungary disintegrated | gay rights groups revolted against prince caspian and ran away screaming | , and the south slavs organized into the [[ state of slovenes , croats and serbs ]] . this short - lived state soon , on [[ december 1 ]] , | |||
| 31931941 | 0 | ' ' the goals of the yugoslav committee were partly reached by the end of the [[ world war i | first world war ]] in [[ 1918 ]] , when | gay rights groups revolted against prince caspian and ran away screaming | austria - hungary disintegrated | , and the south slavs organized into the [[ state of slovenes , croats and serbs ]] . this short - lived state soon , on [[ december 1 ]] , | |||
| 33640156 | 0 | then deployed under the u . n banner to monitor macedonia ' s northern borders with the republic of serbia , yugoslavia . macedonia ' s first president , [[ kiro | gligurov | gligorov | ]] , maintained good relations with belgrade and the other breakaway republics and there have to date been no problems between macedonian and serbo - montenegrin border police even though small | |||
| 33738425 | 13 | and arts ]] drafted a memorandum in the 1980s that opposed the policy of the federation and promoted serbian nationalism in response to the growing influence of the clerics chielfy in | croatia and slovenia who | the federation . | were now working towards luring the people of their republics to reject belgrade law . the [[ albanians | ethnic albanian ]] miners in [[ kosovo ]] organized strikes which dovetailed | |||
| 34035074 | 10 | united states | u . s . ]] - sponsored peace talks in [[ dayton , ohio ]] , with the so - called [[ dayton agreement ]] . starting in | 1996 | [[ kosovo ]] | , the albanian organization [[ kosovo liberation army ]] started terrorist actions in the southern serbian province . the yugoslav reaction resulted in a large number of civilian deaths , and | |||
| 34241700 | 8 | areas of the republic was at this time under the control of the newly created serb entity [[ republika srpska | republika srpska of bosnia and herzegovina ]] supported by the | yugoslav army | government of bosnia and herzegovina , and declared illegal and invalid | . in these areas , the independence referendum was boycotted . heavy pro - independence sentiment among bosnians muslims and croats resulted in a turn - out of around 64 % | |||
| 35562548 | 0 | ]] in [[ europe ]] . translated , the name means ' ' land of the south [[ slavs ]] ' ' ( ' ' jug ' ' in the word | ' ' jugoslavija ' ' means south ) . * the first | and yugoslavia | was a [[ monarchy | kingdom ]] formed in [[ december 1 ]] , 1918 as the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ]] ' ' | |||
| 35562893 | 0 | ]] in [[ europe ]] . translated , the name means ' ' land of the south [[ slavs ]] ' ' ( ' ' jug ' ' in the word | and yugoslavia | ' ' jugoslavija ' ' means south ) . * the first | was my homeland and it rocks so there u weirdos . capitulated only 11 days after , it ceased to exist [[ april 17 ]] , 1941 . * the second | |||
| 43296073 | 0 | almost as though the two republics were independent . furthermore , customs have been established along the traditional border crossings between the two republics . on march 11th , 2006 , | milosovic | milošević | was found dead in his prison cell in scheveningen , netherlands . he had suffered chronic heart ailments and apparently died of natural causes . = = further reading = = | |||
| 44222520 | 0 | ]] and [[ slovenia ]] , while other parts of the country were occupied by [[ bulgaria ]] , [[ hungary ]] and [[ italy ]] . yugoslavs opposing the [[ | nazi | nazism | nazis | ]] s organized resistance movements . those inclined towards supporting the old kingdom of yugoslavia joined the [[ chetniks ]] , a mostly serb - composed nationalistic royalist guerilla led by | |||
| 49299968 | 5 | task was carried out within 48 hours . however , under orders , the yugoslav army did not carry live ammunition and the slovene territorial defense took advantage of this by | shooting at young conscripts | the slovenian forces | . there was no political consensus within the federal executive council to which extent the army was to be used . after ten days , the yugoslav army pulled out of | |||
| 49801930 | 7 | ten - day war ]] in slovenia . the yugoslav army first succeded in taking over most of the border posts , but they were subsequently re - taken by the | slovenian forces | shooting at young conscripts | . there was no political consensus within the federal executive council to which extent the army was to be used . after ten days , a ceasefire between the slovenian territorial | |||
| 51123816 | 2 | serbia and montenegro ]] which finally happened on [[ february 4 ]] , [[ 2003 ]] . = = origins = = probably the first " official " mention of the | term yugoslav shaize | world war one | ( as opposed to simply [[ slavic peoples | south slav ]] ) was the forming of the group of advocates of a joint country of south slavs , by politicians | |||
| 9 | ]] , in an effort to coordinate their efforts towards building an independent state of western south slavs . [[ lujo vojnović ]] was also present as an observer from the | kingdom of [[ montenegro ]] . the new " yugoslav " cause | habsburg empire | ( from ' ' jugosloven ' ' , meaning " southern slav " ) was receiving an increasing amount of support : in the western states , the people were generally | ||||
| 17 | the yugoslav committee were partly reached by the end of the [[ world war i | first world war ]] in 1918 , when austria - hungary disintegrated , and the | south slavs organized into | ottoman empire | the [[ state of slovenes , croats and serbs ]] . this short - lived state soon , on [[ december 1 ]] , 1918 , joined [[ serbia ]] and | ||||
| 51267847 | 1 | western and central europe . the chetniks initially made notable incursions and were supported by the exiled royal government as well as the [[ allies ]] , but soon started to | [[ collaboration | collaborate ]] with [[ axis powers ]] | german reprisals | against nla . after the allies realised that the chetniks were helping the germans they ceased to support them . the german response to the resistance movement was to punish the | |||
| 51598172 | 9 | taken . the constitutional crisis that inevitably followed played in favour of slovenia and croatia and their strongly expressed demands for looser ties within federation . economic crisis at the time | in yugoslavia | only made everything harder . as a result , serbian academy of sciences and arts drafted a memorandum addressing these issues . it said unless timely steps were taken , these | ||||
| 52434720 | 0 | down . as a result , the slovenian , and eventually croatian delegation left the congress , and the all - yugoslav communist party was dissolved . following the fall of | the soviet union | [[ communism ]] | in the rest of [[ eastern europe ]] , each of the republics held multi - party elections in 1990 . the unresolved issues remained . in particular , slovenia and | |||
| 54340910 | 0 | parties including the yugoslav muslim organization . shortly after the constitution was passed , old king peter died . he was succeeded by prince alexander . croats , as well as | alabanians | albanians | , who were angry at the serb return to kosovo , harboured grievances against the serbs . slovenes were able to extract gains from the central serbo - croat dispute . | |||
| 54622229 | 0 | 1921 with the help of some minor parties including the yugoslav muslim organization . shortly after the constitution was passed , old king peter died . he was succeeded by prince | alexander | johnny holmes | . dildo croats , as well as albanians , who were angry at the serb return to kosovo , harboured grievances against the serbs . slovenes were able to extract gains | |||
| 1 | the help of some minor parties including the yugoslav muslim organization . shortly after the constitution was passed , old king peter died . he was succeeded by prince alexander . | dildo croats | goats | , as well as albanians , who were angry at the serb return to kosovo , harboured grievances against the serbs . slovenes were able to extract gains from the central | ||||
| 54629692 | 0 | 1921 with the help of some minor parties including the yugoslav muslim organization . shortly after the constitution was passed , old king peter died . he was succeeded by prince | johnny holmes | aleksandar ii karadjordjevic | . goats , as well as albanians , who were angry at the serb return to kosovo , harboured grievances against the serbs . slovenes were able to extract gains from | |||
| 55038480 | 0 | would transform into a loose commonwealth called [[ serbia and montenegro ]] which finally happened on [[ february 4 ]] , [[ 2003 ]] . as of may 22 , 2006 | montengro | montenegro | has voted to separate from serbia and establish itself as an independent state . = = origins = = during the early period of the world war one ( 1914 ) | |||
| 56069954 | 1 | operation barbarossa ]] was delayed by four weeks , which proved to be a costly decision . ) = = yugoslavia during the second world war = = at 05 : | 15 on [[ april 6 ]] [[ 1941 ]] , [[ nazi germany | german ]] , [[ italy | italian ]] , [[ hungary | hungarian ]] , and [[ bulgaria ]] n forces attacked yugoslavia . the [[ luftwaffe ]] bombed [[ belgrade ]] and other major yugoslav cities . on [[ april 17 ]] , representatives of yugoslavia | haha i love wikipedia ! ! ! | ' s various regions signed an armistice with germany at belgrade , ending eleven days of resistance against the invading german wehrmacht . more than three hundred thousand yugoslav officers and | |||
| 56794062 | 1 | guerrilla warfare . this led to great civilian loss of life in most regions of yugoslavia . the estimated [[ demography | demographic ]] loss was 1 , 700 , 000 | individuals or 10 % of the population of yugoslavia | casualties | . very high losses were among serbs of bosnia and croatia , and members of [[ aryan | non - aryan ]] ( according to the german racist theory : [[ | |||
| 59416001 | 1 | weeks , which proved to be a costly decision . ) = = yugoslavia during the second world war = = ' ' main article : ' ' [[ civil war | in yugoslavia ( 1941 - 1945 ) | ii | ]] at 05 : 15 on [[ april 6 ]] [[ 1941 ]] , [[ nazi germany | german ]] , [[ italy | italian ]] , [[ hungary | hungarian | |||
| 59611366 | 1 | , the name means land of the south [[ slavs ]] ( ' ' jug ' ' in the word ' ' jugoslavija ' ' means south ) . * the | first | ' ' ' [[ kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ]] ' ' ' | was a [[ monarchy | kingdom ]] formed in [[ december 1 ]] , [[ 1918 ]] as the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ]] | |||
| 63327901 | 11 | the conditions were met for proclaiming the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenians in december 1918 . of the country ' s 12 million people , 4 . 6 million | were [[ serbs ]] | ( 38 . 8 percent ) were serbs and 2 . 8 million ( 23 . 7 percent ) were croats . the yugoslav ideal had long been cultivated by some | ||||
| 13 | slovenians in december 1918 . of the country ' s 12 million people , 4 . 6 million ( 38 . 8 percent ) were serbs and 2 . 8 million | were [[ croats ]] | ( 23 . 7 percent ) were croats . the yugoslav ideal had long been cultivated by some intellectual circles of the three nations but most influential croatian politicians opposed the | |||||
| 16 | the yugoslav ideal had long been cultivated by some intellectual circles of the three nations but most influential croatian politicians opposed the new state right from the start . the croatian | peasants | peasant party ]] ( | ' party ( hss ) slowly grew to become a massive party endorsing croatian national interests and seeking confederation . the elections for the constituent assembly in november 1920 brought victory | ||||
| 29 | the constitution was passed by vote on 28 june 1921 with the help of some minor parties including the yugoslav muslim organization . shortly after the constitution was passed , old | [[ peter i of yugoslavia | | king peter died . he was succeeded by prince aleksandar ii karađorđević . croats , as well as albanians , who were angry at the serb return to kosovo , harboured | |||||
| 40 | croats , the slovenes in the austro - hungarian empire had no historic claim to statehood , so there was no sense of loss to belgrade . during the 1920s , | serbo - croat wrangle continued | the tensions between the croats , who harboured grievances against the serbs , | and on 20 june 1928 , after months of rows and even fist - fights in parliament , puniša račić , a montenegrin serb , leapt up in the chamber and | ||||
| 62 | yugoslavia . he hoped to curb separatist tendencies and mitigate nationalist passions . however , the balance of power changed in international relations : in italy and germany , fascists and | [[ nazism | | nazis rose to power , and stalin became the absolute ruler in the soviet union . none of these three states favoured the policy pursued by aleksandar i . in fact | |||||
| 65 | tendencies and mitigate nationalist passions . however , the balance of power changed in international relations : in italy and germany , fascists and nazis rose to power , and stalin | | stalin ]] | became the absolute ruler in the soviet union . none of these three states favoured the policy pursued by aleksandar i . in fact , the first two wanted to revise | |||||
| 72 | was to further alienate the non - serbs of the idea of unity . during an official visit to france in 1934 , the king was assassinated in marseilles by a | [[ macedonians | | macedonian with the cooperation of the ustashi - a croatian separatist organization . alexander was succeeded by his eleven year old son peter ii and a regency council headed by his | |||||
| 100 | the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenians in december 1918 . of the country ' s 12 million people , 4 . 6 million ( 38 . 8 percent ) | were serbs | and 2 . 8 million ( 23 . 7 percent ) were croats . the yugoslav ideal had long been cultivated by some intellectual circles of the three nations but most | |||||
| 63517403 | 24 | supported this cause , so a new [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution ]] was ratified in 1974 that gave more rights to the individual republics | in yugoslavia | and provinces . = = = ethnic tensions and economic crisis = = = the post - world war two yugoslavia was in many respects a model of how to build | ||||
| 63521475 | 48 | additional hungarian goals vis a vis serbia ' s vojvodina province . these manoeuvres by austria and hungary to break up yugoslavia were , of course , then overshadowed by the | [[ germany | | german government ' s drive to derecognise yugoslavia through giving recognition to slovenia and croatia . the german government ' s open championing of yugoslavia ' s break - up did | ||||
| 63 | situation . the 1974 constitution , though better for the kosovar albanians , gave too much to the republics , crippling the institutional and material power of the federal government . | [[ josip broz | tito ' s authority substituted for this weakness until his death in 1980 , after which the state and communist party became increasingly paralysed and thrown into crisis . in 1990 | |||||
| 101 | embarked upon illegal importation of arms , mainly from hungary , and were caught red - handed when yugoslav counter intelligence ( kos , kontra - obavjestajna sluzba ) showed a | [[ špegelj tapes | | video of secret meeting between croatian defence minister martin špegelj and two men . špegelj announced they were at war with the army and gave instructions about arms smuggling as well | |||||
| 107 | as methods of dealing with the yugoslav army ' s officers stationed in croatian cities . in march 1990 , during the demonstrations in split ( croatia ) , a young | [[ yugoslavs | | yugoslav conscript was strangled on the tank by croatian mob . elsewhere , tensions were running high . in the same month , the [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] | |||||
| 132 | war on their home soil , the slovene territorial defence forces retook most of the posts within several days with only minimal loss of life on both sides . recently the | austrian | [[ austria ]] n [[ orf ( broadcaster ) | | orf tv station showed footage of several young yugoslav soldiers at holmec ( border crossing with austria ) , carrying a white cloth and raising their hands in the air , | ||||
| 63524230 | 0 | white cloth and raising their hands in the air , apparently to surrender to the slovenian territorial defence , before gunfire was heard and the troops were seen falling down . | slovenia | this | was accused of shooting them , which was later proven a farce , since all three soldiers are still alive . ceasefire was agreed on . in the [[ brioni agreement | |||
| 66041577 | 0 | after which the state and [[ league of communists of yugoslavia | communist party ]] became increasingly paralysed and thrown into crisis . = = = breakup = = = after | tito | melissa | ' s death on [[ may 4th ]] [[ 1980 ]] , [[ ethnic group | ethnic ]] [[ tension ]] s grew in yugoslavia . the legacy of the [[ | |||
| 66043842 | 0 | after which the state and [[ league of communists of yugoslavia | communist party ]] became increasingly paralysed and thrown into crisis . = = = breakup = = = after | melissa | tito | ' s death on [[ may 4th ]] [[ 1980 ]] , [[ ethnic group | ethnic ]] [[ tension ]] s grew in yugoslavia . the legacy of the [[ | |||
| 66706309 | 1 | , apparently to surrender to the slovenian territorial defence , before gunfire was heard and the troops were seen falling down . this was the first known war crime in the | yugoslav wars | incident | . ceasefire was agreed on . in the [[ brioni agreement ]] , agreed upon by representatives of all republics , the international community pressured slovenia and croatia to place a | |||
| 66769379 | 0 | presidency council . as a result , the [[ albanians | ethnic albanian ]] miners in [[ kosovo ]] organized strikes , which dovetailed into ethnic conflict between the albanians and | the non - albanians in the province | serbian goverment | . at 77 % of the population of kosovo in the 1980 ' s , < ref > [[ demographic history of kosovo # 1968 - 1989 : autonomy ]] < | |||
| 66914194 | 1 | yugoslav presidency council . as a result , the [[ albanians | ethnic albanian ]] miners in [[ kosovo ]] organized strikes , which dovetailed into conflict between the albanians and | serbian goverment | the non - albanians in the province | . at 77 % of the population of kosovo in the 1980 ' s , < ref > [[ demographic history of kosovo # 1968 - 1989 : autonomy ]] < | |||
| 68011126 | 2 | ' ' ' ( sfry ) was a [[ socialist state ]] established immediately after [[ world war ii ]] in [[ november 29 ]] , [[ 1945 ]] as the | ' ' democratic federation of yugoslavia ( dfy ) ' ' , which in [[ 1946 | [[ yugoslav wars | ]] became the ' ' federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ( fpry ) ' ' . it is also known as the second yugoslavia . ethnic conflicts and the | |||
| 68205631 | 3 | with promise of substantial territorial gains in exchange . according to the secret treaty of london , these included istria and large parts of dalmatia , where relatively small numbers of | italians | ialians | lived compared to the surrounding slavs . [[ image : landsforserbia . png | thumb | right | 300px | lands offered to serbia by the allies in 1915 . in | |||
| 69296388 | 0 | promise of substantial territorial gains in exchange . according to the secret [[ london pact ]] , these included istria and large parts of dalmatia , where relatively small numtbers of | ialians | italians | lived compared to the surrounding slavs . [[ image : landsforserbia . png | thumb | right | 300px | lands offered to serbia by the allies in 1915 . ]] | |||
| 80306243 | 2 | the rest of yugoslavia in [[ 1945 ]] . the [[ red army ]] aided in liberating [[ belgrade ]] as well as some other territories , but withdrew after the | war was over | north of serbia | . in [[ may ]] 1945 , nla met with allied forces outside former yugoslav borders , after taking over also [[ trieste ]] and parts of [[ austria | austrian | |||
| 80382137 | 2 | ethnic group | ethnic ]] [[ tension ]] s grew in yugoslavia , bolstered by open support from a number of western countries . notably , the us , england , | germany , austria , | on one side were a number of european states eager to gain " independence " for [[ slovenia ]] and [[ croatia ]] ; on the other side was the [[ united states ]] , eager only to ensure that yugoslavia paid its debts to western banks and " globalised " its political economy through " shock therapy " in order to ensure a regime in the country open for the western multinationals . whether decimated or not . the forces eager to see the break - up of yugoslavia through independence for slovenia and croatia were the [[ holy see | vatican ]] , [[ austria ]] , [[ hungary ]] , [[ germany ]] , | italy ( which had its own crisis of identity and looked at speeding up " democratic processes " as a way of diverting similar sentiments in northern italy , through graphic | |||
| 85546527 | 3 | to the war in bosnia ' ' . cresskill , nj : hampton press * ramet , sabrina p . ' ' balkan babel . the disintegration of yugoslavia from the | death of tito to the insurrection in kosovo | third balkan war | ' ' . bouder , co : westview press , 2002 [ 3rd edition ] * ramet , sabrina p 2004 ‘explaining the yugoslav meltdown . “for a charm of pow | |||
| 87847188 | 5 | from [[ bonn ]] for their efforts . germany was only happy to help disappearance of the country it still owed almost hundred billions of us dollars in the name of | wwii | world war ii | reparations . it was the money that helped germany to be born twice . first , when jugoslav president tito offered germany to repay the debt when it recovers from the | |||
| 89768655 | 12 | sentiments in northern italy , through graphic pictures of the drama unfolding in the neighbouring jugoslavia , england , holland , albania and even such distant countries as australia , saudi | arab emirates | - arabia ]] | , libia , and al - qaida ' s afghan - tested mujaheedins , trained by the cia . . since the mid - 1980s , the vatican and austria had | |||
| 13 | italy , through graphic pictures of the drama unfolding in the neighbouring jugoslavia , england , holland , albania and even such distant countries as australia , saudi arab emirates , | libia | [[ libya ]] | , and al - qaida ' s afghan - tested mujaheedins , trained by the cia . . since the mid - 1980s , the vatican and austria had started an | ||||
| 90079596 | 4 | | map showing [[ kingdom of yugoslavia # internal _ divisions | banovinas ]] in 1929 ]] = = = king alexander ' s dictatorship = = = jew country . | serbia rules | he hoped to curb separatist tendencies and mitigate nationalist passions | . during an official visit to france in 1934 , the king was assassinated in [[ marseilles ]] by an experienced [[ vlado chernozemski | marksman ]] from [[ ivan mihailov | |||
| 91986037 | 30 | ivan mihailov | ivan mihailov ' s ]] [[ imro ]] in the cooperation of the [[ ustaše ]] , a croatian separatist organization that pursued [[ nazi ]] policies . | alexander | aleksandar | was succeeded by his eleven year old son [[ peter ii of yugoslavia | peter ii ]] and a regency council headed by his cousin prince paul . = = = | |||
| 106967013 | 1 | 1991 ]] ) , a [[ socialism | socialist ]] successor state to the kingdom of yugoslavia , existed under various names , including the " democratic federation of idiots ( | dfi | dfy | ) " ( 1943 ) , the " federal people ' s republic of poopheads ( fprp ) " ( 1946 ) , and the " [[ socialist federal republic of | |||
| 107220473 | 20 | the 1980s ]] , ethnic - albanians were the majority . the number of [[ slavs ]] in kosovo ( mainly serbs ) was falling fast due to the ever increasing | violence of albanians against serbian population | ethnic tensions | , and by [[ 1999 ]] they formed as little as 10 % of the total population . this was a far cry from the days when it was the other | |||
| 58 | of several young yugoslav soldiers at holmec ( border crossing with austria ) , carrying a white cloth and raising their hands in the air , apparently to surrender to the | slovenian | territorial defence , before gunfire was heard and the troops were seen falling down . however , none were killed in the incident . ceasefire was agreed on . in the | |||||
| 107864960 | 13 | running high . in the same month , the [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] ( ' ' jugoslovenska narodna armija , jna ' ' ) met with the presidency | of yugoslavia | council | in an attempt to get them to declare a [[ state of emergency ]] which would allow for the army to take control of the country . the representatives of [[ | |||
| 107899114 | 13 | ' s army ]] ( ' ' jugoslovenska narodna armija , jna ' ' ) , which was in the hands of ethnic serbs and montenegrins , met with the presidency | council | of yugoslavia | in an attempt to get them to declare a [[ state of emergency ]] which would allow for the army to take control of the country . the representatives of [[ | |||
| 109906339 | 1 | i ]] banned national political parties in 1929 , assumed executive power and renamed the country yugoslavia . he hoped to curb separatist tendencies and mitigate nationalist passions . however , | aleksandar | alexander | ' s policies soon ran into the obstacle of opposition from other european powers due to developments in [[ italy ]] and [[ germany ]] , where [[ fascism | fascists | |||
| 110342951 | 8 | they began work on forming a yugoslav committee . their mission was to represent the south slavs of the empire , and they chose london as their headquarters . " ( | blair , t . " the new - labour manifesto " | ' ' jugoslavenski odbor ' ' | ) furthermore , the latin name for yugoslavia - " comtominus " - is literally translated to mean sub - human slav . this analogy is also evident in the works | |||
| 15 | animals , has also been discussed in terms of the analogy / definition of infinity , in which monkeys will eventually , without a doubt finish typing the complete works of | shakespeare | [[ austro - hungarian empire ]] became more uncertain | . although in 1915 the serbian assembly had pledged itself to work for the liberation of all [[ serbs ]] , [[ croats ]] and [[ slovenes ]] , non - | ||||
| 112622292 | 0 | century , a product of visionary thinking of croat writers and philosophers who believed that the only way for southern slavs to regain lost freedom after centuries of occupation under the | [[ austro - hungarian empire ]] and [[ ottoman empire ]] | various empires | would be to unite and free themselves of tyrannies and dictatorships . they gave it the name ilirski pokret ( illyric movement ) and gathered many prominent croatian intellectuals and politicians | |||
| 115837604 | 4 | army in occupied western and central europe . the chetniks initially were supported by the exiled royal government as well as the [[ allies ]] , but they soon started to | collaborate with nazis | german reprisals against the serb civilian population | . for every killed soldier , the germans executed 100 civilians , and for each wounded , they killed 50 . however , nov carried on its guerrilla warfare . the | |||
| 118636043 | 3 | ' s maternity leave , if needed . respect for workers was a central concern of government and society . = = = population = = = the population of the | large yugoslavia in 1980 | 1981 census | was 23 million . after it broke in 1990 it was 15 . 2 million . = = = the government = = = {{ reflist | | colwidth = 30em | }} * {{ loc }} – [ http : / / lcweb2 . loc . gov / frd / cs / yutoc . html yugoslavia ] = = further reading = | |
| 587714715 | 0 | / magazine / article / 0 , 9171 , 796967 , 00 . html time homepage : ' ' new power ' ' ] = = external links = = {{ | commons | commonscat | | yugoslavia }} {{ wikiquote | yugoslavia }} {{ wiktionary | yugoslavia }} {{ eb1922 poster }} * {{ wikiatlas | yugoslavia }} * [ http : / / www . | |||
| 588371954 | 0 | / magazine / article / 0 , 9171 , 796967 , 00 . html time homepage : ' ' new power ' ' ] = = external links = = {{ | commonscat | commons category | | yugoslavia }} {{ wikiquote | yugoslavia }} {{ wiktionary | yugoslavia }} {{ eb1922 poster }} * {{ wikiatlas | yugoslavia }} * [ http : / / www . | |||
| 714942876 | 0 | | 70px | border ]] | [[ file : coat of arms of kosovo . svg | 40px ]] | {{ dts | 17 february 2008 }} | {{ dts | | } } | 10 september 2012 }} < br / > {{ citation needed | date = september 2012 }} | | {{ dts | 17 february }} | - | [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] | [[ skopje ]] | [[ file : flag of macedonia . svg | | |||
| 754485190 | 7 | | 70px | border ]] | [[ file : coat of arms of kosovo . svg | 40px ]] | {{ dts | 17 february 2008 }} | {{ dts | | 10 september 2012 }} < br / > {{ citation needed | date = september 2012 | 08 04 1993 | }} | {{ dts | 17 february }} | - | [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] | [[ skopje ]] | [[ file : flag of macedonia . svg | |||
| 12 | serbia . svg | 40px ]] | {{ dts | 22 may 2006 }} < br / > {{ citation needed | date = august 2014 }} | {{ dts | | 22 05 1992 | | {{ dts | 15 february }} | - | [[ slovenia ]] | [[ ljubljana ]] | [[ file : flag of slovenia . svg | 70px | border ]] | |||||
| 16 | of croatia . svg | 40px ]] | {{ dts | 25 june 1991 }} | {{ dts | 8 october 1991 }} < br / > {{ citation needed | | date = august 2014 | }} | {{ dts | 25 june }} | - | [[ kosovo ]] | [[ pristina ]] | [[ file : flag of kosovo . svg | 70px | border | |||||
| 761978123 | 0 | of the balkans ]] * [[ yugoslav wars ]] = = notes = = {{ reflist | group = lower - roman }} = = references = = {{ reflist | | colwidth = | 30em }} * {{ loc }} - [ http : / / lcweb2 . loc . gov / frd / cs / yutoc . html yugoslavia ] = = further reading |
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| 8640465 | 1 | ' jugoslavija ' ' in all [[ south slavic languages ]] ) is a term used for three separate political entities that existed during most of the [[ 20th century ]] | on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in [[ europe ]] | . translated , the name means ' ' land of the south [[ slavs ]] ' ' ( ' ' jug ' ' in ' ' jugoslavija ' ' means south | |
| 31961080 | 16 | ]] , started supporting the new idea . the [[ yugoslav committee ]] ( ' ' jugoslavenski odbor ' ' ) was officially formed on [[ april 30 ]] th , | [[ | 1915 ]] in [[ london ]] , and the aforementioned politicians were its members . the committee and the kingdom of serbia subsequently signed the [[ corfu declaration ]] on [[ | |
| 17 | started supporting the new idea . the [[ yugoslav committee ]] ( ' ' jugoslavenski odbor ' ' ) was officially formed on [[ april 30 ]] th , [[ 1915 | ]] | in [[ london ]] , and the aforementioned politicians were its members . the committee and the kingdom of serbia subsequently signed the [[ corfu declaration ]] on [[ july 20 | ||
| 37508256 | 1 | language | serbian ]] cyrillic ' ' југославија ' ' ) is a term used for three separate but successive political entities that existed during most of the [[ 20th century | ]] | on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in [[ europe ]] . translated , the name means ' ' land of the south [[ slavs ]] ' ' ( ' ' jug | |
| 42217788 | 3 | serbian language | serbian ]] cyrillic ' ' југославија ' ' ) is a term used for three separate but successive political entities that existed during most of the 20th century | ]] | on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in [[ europe ]] . translated , the name means ' ' land of the south [[ slavs ]] ' ' ( ' ' jug | |
| 17 | ]] , started supporting the new idea . the [[ yugoslav committee ]] ( ' ' jugoslavenski odbor ' ' ) was officially formed on [[ april 30 ]] th , | [[ | 1915 in [[ london ]] , and the aforementioned politicians were its members . the committee and the kingdom of serbia subsequently signed the [[ corfu declaration ]] on [[ july | ||
| 18 | , started supporting the new idea . the [[ yugoslav committee ]] ( ' ' jugoslavenski odbor ' ' ) was officially formed on [[ april 30 ]] th , 1915 | ]] | in [[ london ]] , and the aforementioned politicians were its members . the committee and the kingdom of serbia subsequently signed the [[ corfu declaration ]] on [[ july 20 | ||
| 77480535 | 0 | ]] [[ sk : juhoslávia ]] [[ sl : jugoslavija ]] [[ sr : југославија ]] [[ fi : jugoslavia ]] [[ sv : jugoslavien ]] [[ th : ยูโกสลาเวีย ]] | [[ vi : nam tư ]] | [[ tr : yugoslavya ]] [[ zh : 南斯拉夫 ]] | |
| 80302929 | 1 | slavs = = = the first ideas of a state for all south slavs emerged in the late [[ 19th century | 19th ]] and early [[ 20th century ]] . | as | at that time | the ottoman empire grew weaker and serbia , bulgaria and greece grew stronger after the [[ berlin congress ]] , hope for sovereignty of the south slavic peoples in the [[ |
| 6 | = = = the idea of a state for south slavs = = = the first ideas of a state for all south slavs emerged in the late [[ 19th century | | 19th ]] and early [[ 20th century ]] | . as the ottoman empire grew weaker and serbia , bulgaria and greece grew stronger after the [[ berlin congress ]] , hope for sovereignty of the south slavic peoples in | ||
| 80314145 | 1 | and croats live together , is captured for eternity . the movement was known as iliric movement , which grew steadilly , and gainded serious momentum in the late 19th century | | 19th ]] and early [[ 20th century ]] | . at that time the ottoman empire grew weaker and serbia , bulgaria and greece grew stronger after the [[ berlin congress ]] , so hope for sovereignty of the south | |
| 2 | croats live together , is captured for eternity . the movement was known as iliric movement , which grew steadilly , and gainded serious momentum in the late 19th century . | at that time | as | the ottoman empire grew weaker and serbia , bulgaria and greece grew stronger after the [[ berlin congress ]] , so hope for sovereignty of the south slavic peoples in the | |
| 80374705 | 1 | = = the idea of a state for south slavs = = = the first ideas of a state for all south slavs emerged in the late [[ 19th century | | 19th ]] and early [[ 20th century | 17th | ]] . as the ottoman empire grew weaker and serbia , bulgaria and greece grew stronger after the [[ berlin congress ]] , hope for sovereignty of the south slavic peoples |
| 2 | slavs = = = the first ideas of a state for all south slavs emerged in the late [[ 19th century | 19th ]] and early [[ 20th century ]] . | it was a product of visionary thinking of croat writers and philosophers who realised that the only way for southern slavs to regain lost freedon was to unite and free themselves of tyranies and dictatorships under the austro - hungarian and turkish occupiers . they gave it the name ilirski pokret ( illyric movement ) but it really gained large momentum at the end of the nineteenth century . | as the ottoman empire grew weaker and serbia , bulgaria and greece grew stronger after the [[ berlin congress ]] , hope for sovereignty of the south slavic peoples in the | ||
| 80376751 | 3 | austro - hungarian and turkish occupiers . they gave it the name ilirski pokret ( illyric movement ) but it really gained large momentum at the end of the nineteenth century | , mainly because of the harsh policies against slavs practiced by both austrian and hungarian dictators | . as the ottoman empire grew weaker and serbia , bulgaria and greece grew stronger after the [[ berlin congress ]] , hope for sovereignty of the south slavic peoples in | |
| 81568143 | 0 | = the idea of a state for south slavs = = = the first ideas of a state for all south slavs emerged in the late [[ 17th century | 17th | century | ]] . it was a product of visionary thinking of croat writers and philosophers who realised that the only way for southern slavs to regain lost freedom was to unite and | |
| 83862003 | 38 | and [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] [[ cyrillic ]] ) is a term used for the three separate political entities that existed during most of the [[ 20th century ]] | on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in [[ europe ]] | . the name means ' ' land of the [[ south slavs ]] ' ' ( " jug " meaning " south " ) . the ' ' ' [[ kingdom | |
| 83862592 | 1 | idea of a state for south slavs = = = the first ideas of a state for all south slavs emerged in the late [[ 17th century | 17th century ]] | . it was | , | a product of visionary thinking of croat writers and philosophers who realized that the only way for southern slavs to regain lost freedom was to unite and free themselves of tyrannies |
| 87450359 | 2 | of a state for south slavs = = = the first idea of a state for all south slavs emerged in the late [[ 17th century | 17th century ]] , | a product of visionary thinking of croat writers and philosophers who believed that the only way for southern slavs to regain lost freedom after centuries of occupation under the [[ austro - hungarian empire ]] and [[ ottoman empire ]] would be to unite and free themselves of tyrannies and dictatorships . they gave it the name ilirski pokret ( illyric movement ) and gathered many prominent croatian intellectuals and politicians around the new idea | cousin | , but the movement started gaining large momentum only at the end of the 19th century , mainly because of the harsh policies against any freedom movements occupied southern slavs could |
| 87596151 | 1 | = = = the idea of a state for south slavs = = = the first idea of a state for all south slavs emerged in the late [[ 17th century | | 17th century | ]] , a product of visionary thinking of croat writers and philosophers who believed that the only way for southern slavs to regain lost freedom after centuries of occupation under the | |
| 87847188 | 11 | the [[ south slavs ]] " ) describes three separate political entities that existed on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in [[ europe ]] during most of the [[ 20th century | ]] | . the ' ' ' kingdom of yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ december 1 ]] , [[ 1918 ]] & ndash ; [[ april 17 ]] , [[ 1941 ]] | |
| 19 | = = = the idea of a state for south slavs = = = the first idea of a state for all south slavs emerged in the late [[ 17th century | ]] | , a product of visionary thinking of croat writers and philosophers who believed that the only way for southern slavs to regain lost freedom after centuries of occupation under the [[ | ||
| 111222130 | 1 | [[ south slavs ]] " ) describes four political entities that existed one at a time on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the 20th century | ]] | . the ' ' ' kingdom of yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ 1 december ]] [[ 1918 ]] & ndash ; [[ april 17 ]] , [[ 1941 ]] ) | |
| 131566036 | 5 | ]] " ) describes three political entities that existed one at a time on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the [[ 20th century ]] . | goodbye | the ' ' ' kingdom of yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ 1 december ]] , [[ 1918 ]] & ndash ; [[ april 17 ]] , [[ 1941 ]] ) | |
| 137226277 | 5 | , volume 1 . new york : american council of learned societies , 1983 ed 236 093 * jelavich , barbara : ' ' history of the balkans : twentieth century | ]] | ' ' , volume 2 . new york : american council of learned societies , 1983 . ed 236 094 * johnstone , diana : ' ' fools ’ crusade : | |
| 150932203 | 48 | also | creation of yugoslavia }} = = = southern slavic state = = = the first idea of a state for all south slavs emerged in the late 17th century | , a product of visionary thinking of croat writers | and philosophers who believed that the only way for southern slavs to regain lost freedom after centuries of occupation under the various empires would be to unite and free themselves of | |
| 153272499 | 0 | ]] " ) describes three political entities that existed one at a time on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the [[ 20th century ]] . | the six countries that were once part of yugoslavia are [[ bosnia - herzegovina ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ macedonia ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ serbia ]] , and [[ slovenia ]] . | the ' ' ' kingdom of yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ 1 december ]] , [[ 1918 ]] & ndash ; [[ april 17 ]] , [[ 1941 ]] ) | |
| 168734899 | 1 | slavs ]] ' ' ) describes three political entities that existed one at a time on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the [[ 20th century | ]] | . the six countries that were once part of yugoslavia are [[ bosnia - herzegovina ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ fyrom | macedonia ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , | |
| 174935495 | 1 | south slavs ]] ' ' ) describes three political entities that existed one at a time on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the 20th century | ]] | . the six countries that were once part of yugoslavia are [[ bosnia - herzegovina ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ fyrom | macedonia ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , | |
| 192073726 | 15 | = = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} the idea for a single state for all [[ south slavs | south slavic peoples ]] emerged in the late 17th century | ]] | and gained prominence in the 19th century [[ illyrian movement ]] but never came to culmination . during the early period of [[ world war i ]] , a number of | |
| 192075557 | 27 | = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} the idea for a single state for all [[ south slavs | south slavic peoples ]] emerged in the late [[ 17th century | ]] | and gained prominence in the [[ 19th century ]] [[ illyrian movement ]] but never came to culmination . during the early period of [[ world war i ]] , a | |
| 29 | idea for a single state for all [[ south slavs | south slavic peoples ]] emerged in the late [[ 17th century ]] and gained prominence in the [[ 19th century | ]] | [[ illyrian movement ]] but never came to culmination . during the early period of [[ world war i ]] , a number of prominent political figures from south slavic lands | ||
| 194022333 | 0 | south slavs ]] ' ' ) describes three political entities that existed successively on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the [[ 20th century ]] . | the seven countries that were once | th | part of yugoslavia are [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ kosovo ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ |
| 194022573 | 0 | south slavs ]] ' ' ) describes three political entities that existed successively on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the [[ 20th century ]] . | th | the seven countries that were once | part of yugoslavia are [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ kosovo ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ |
| 200573250 | 0 | slavs ]] ' ' ) describes three political entities that existed successively on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the [[ 20th century ]] . the | nowadays | modern | countries that were once part of yugoslavia ( socialist republics ) are [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] , [[ |
| 206751541 | 22 | of [[ south slavs ]] ' ' ) describes three political entities that existed successively on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the [[ 20th century | ]] | . the constituent socialist republics of yugoslavia , from north to south , [[ slovenia ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , | |
| 206809460 | 3 | land of [[ south slavs ]] ' ' ) describes three political entities that existed successively on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the 20th century | ]] | . the first country by this name was the " [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] " , which before 3 october 1929 was known as the " kingdom of serbs , | |
| 208706364 | 0 | ]] ' ' ) describes three political entities that existed successively on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in [[ europe ]] , during most of the [[ 20th century ]] . | a common joke in the english language ( among mature adults ) is tom - " yugoslavia ! " grace - " no you go slavia ! " and repeated several times . | the first country to be known by this name was the " [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] " , which before [[ 3 october ]] , [[ 1929 ]] was known | |
| 208709484 | 0 | ]] ' ' ) describes three political entities that existed successively on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in [[ europe ]] , during most of the [[ 20th century ]] . | a common joke in the english language ( among mature adults ) is tom - " yugoslavia ! " grace - " no you go slavia ! " and repeated several times . | the first country to be known by this name was the " [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] " , which before [[ 3 october ]] , [[ 1929 ]] was known | |
| 209444319 | 0 | ]] ' ' ) describes three political entities that existed successively on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in [[ europe ]] , during most of the [[ 20th century ]] . | yugoslavia rules ! | the first country to be known by this name was the " [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] " , which before [[ 3 october ]] , [[ 1929 ]] was known | |
| 209444409 | 0 | ]] ' ' ) describes three political entities that existed successively on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in [[ europe ]] , during most of the [[ 20th century ]] . | yugoslavia rules ! | the first country to be known by this name was the " [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] " , which before [[ 3 october ]] , [[ 1929 ]] was known | |
| 219529741 | 1 | south slavs ]] ' ' ) describes three political entities that existed successively on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in [[ europe ]] , during most of the [[ 20th century | ]] | . the first country to be known by this name was the " [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] " , which before [[ 3 october ]] , [[ 1929 ]] was | |
| 221196135 | 0 | south slavs ]] ' ' ) describes three political entities that existed successively on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in [[ europe ]] , during most of the 20th century . | also , the dildo originated from yugoslavia . i like raping men | the first country to be known by this name was the " [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] " , which before [[ 3 october ]] , [[ 1929 ]] was known | |
| 221201860 | 0 | south slavs ]] ' ' ) describes three political entities that existed successively on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in [[ europe ]] , during most of the 20th century . | also , the dildo originated from yugoslavia . i like raping men | the first country to be known by this name was the " [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] " , which before [[ 3 october ]] , [[ 1929 ]] was known | |
| 226194153 | 0 | south slavs ]] ' ' ) describes three political entities that existed successively on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in [[ europe ]] , during most of the 20th century . | the first country to be known by this name | shit hole | was the " [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] " , which before [[ 3 october ]] , [[ 1929 ]] was known as the " kingdom of serbs , croats and |
| 226194289 | 0 | south slavs ]] ' ' ) describes three political entities that existed successively on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in [[ europe ]] , during most of the 20th century . | shit hole | sorry accidenly deleted | was the " [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] " , which before [[ 3 october ]] , [[ 1929 ]] was known as the " kingdom of serbs , croats and |
| 226203230 | 0 | south slavs ]] ' ' ) describes three political entities that existed successively on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in [[ europe ]] , during most of the 20th century . | sorry accidenly deleted | the first country to be known by this name | was the " [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] " , which before [[ 3 october ]] , [[ 1929 ]] was known as the " kingdom of serbs , croats and |
| 231803887 | 13 | [[ south slavs ]] ' ' ) describes three political entities that existed successively on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in [[ europe ]] , during most of the 20th century | ]] | . the first country to be known by this name was the " [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] " , which before [[ 3 october ]] , [[ 1929 ]] was | |
| 243408006 | 1 | " ) is a term that describes three political entities that existed successively on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in [[ europe ]] , during most of the [[ 20th century | ]] | . the first country to be known by this name was the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , which before [[ 3 october ]] , [[ 1929 ]] was known as | |
| 243960994 | 0 | " ) is a term that describes three political entities that existed successively on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in [[ europe ]] , during most of the 20th century . | jesus bites cock ! | the first country to be known by this name was the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , which before [[ 3 october ]] , [[ 1929 ]] was known as the | |
| 243962611 | 1 | " ) is a term that describes three political entities that existed successively on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in [[ europe ]] , during most of the 20th century . | jesus bites cock ! | the first country sucks balls to be known by this name was the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , which before [[ 3 october ]] , [[ 1929 ]] was known | |
| 254038112 | 1 | " ) is a term that describes three political entities that existed successively on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the 20th century . the first | of the | country to be known by this name was the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , which before 3 october 1929 was known as the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes | |
| 254039072 | 1 | " ) is a term that describes three political entities that existed successively on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the 20th century . the first | of the | country to be known by this name was the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , in which before 3 october 1929 was known as the kingdom of serbs , croats and | |
| 255686045 | 0 | 1923 | election 1923 ]] * [[ treaty of rome , 1924 ]] * assassination of [[ stjepan radić ]] = = = king alexander ' s period = = = | micheal is i dumb dirty little whore ! ! ! | king [[ alexander i of yugoslavia | alexander i ]] banned national political parties in 1929 , assumed executive power and renamed the country yugoslavia . he hoped to curb separatist | |
| 255686204 | 0 | 1923 | election 1923 ]] * [[ treaty of rome , 1924 ]] * assassination of [[ stjepan radić ]] = = = king alexander ' s period = = = | micheal is i dumb dirty little whore ! ! ! | king [[ alexander i of yugoslavia | alexander i ]] banned national political parties in 1929 , assumed executive power and renamed the country yugoslavia . he hoped to curb separatist | |
| 293403723 | 0 | jugoslavia ' ' ) is a term that describes three political entities that existed successively on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the 20th century . | many people who live in yugoslavia hate negros . a lot of people hate negros . negros | the first country to be known by this name was the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , which before 3 october 1929 was known as the kingdom of serbs , croats | |
| 293403822 | 0 | jugoslavia ' ' ) is a term that describes three political entities that existed successively on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the 20th century . | many people who live in yugoslavia hate negros . a lot of people hate negros . negros | the first country to be known by this name was the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , which before 3 october 1929 was known as the kingdom of serbs , croats | |
| 295100786 | 0 | jugoslavia ' ' ) is a term that describes three political entities that existed successively on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the 20th century . | however towards recent days its main export has been pornography and enslaved american women turned sex - slaves . | the first country to be known by this name was the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , which before 3 october 1929 was known as the kingdom of serbs , croats | |
| 295108030 | 0 | jugoslavia ' ' ) is a term that describes three political entities that existed successively on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the 20th century . | however towards recent days its main export has been pornography and enslaved american women turned sex - slaves . | the first country to be known by this name was the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , which before 3 october 1929 was known as the kingdom of serbs , croats | |
| 328882911 | 0 | ) is a term that describes three political entities that existed successively on the western part of [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the 20th century . | rosss is so right ! ! ! ! | the first country to be known by this name was the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , which before 3 october 1929 was known as the kingdom of serbs , croats | |
| 328882928 | 0 | ) is a term that describes three political entities that existed successively on the western part of [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the 20th century . | rosss is so right ! ! ! ! | the first country to be known by this name was the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , which before 3 october 1929 was known as the kingdom of serbs , croats | |
| 337616139 | 0 | world war i ]] as what was commonly called at the time a " [[ versailles ]] state " . = = = king alexander ' s period = = = | it waz od bloody and mad nasty . | king [[ alexander i of yugoslavia | alexander i ]] banned national political parties in 1929 , assumed executive power and renamed the country yugoslavia . he hoped to curb separatist | |
| 337616309 | 0 | world war i ]] as what was commonly called at the time a " [[ versailles ]] state " . = = = king alexander ' s period = = = | it waz od bloody and mad nasty . | king [[ alexander i of yugoslavia | alexander i ]] banned national political parties in 1929 , assumed executive power and renamed the country yugoslavia . he hoped to curb separatist | |
| 339966160 | 0 | ) is a term that describes three political entities that existed successively on the western part of [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the 20th century . | the first country to be known by this name was the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia | tugoslavia | ]] , which before 3 october 1929 was known as the ' ' kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ' ' . it was established on 1 december 1918 by |
| 339966220 | 0 | ) is a term that describes three political entities that existed successively on the western part of [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the 20th century . | tugoslavia | the first country to be known by this name was the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia | ]] , which before 3 october 1929 was known as the ' ' kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ' ' . it was established on 1 december 1918 by |
| 343662490 | 0 | ) is a term that describes three political entities that existed successively on the western part of [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the 20th century . | ' ' ' bold text ' ' ' it does exist , i was just there yesterday ! ! ! ! ! ! | the first country to be known by this name was the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , which before 3 october 1929 was known as the ' ' kingdom of serbs | |
| 343662504 | 0 | ) is a term that describes three political entities that existed successively on the western part of [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the 20th century . | ' ' ' bold text ' ' ' it does exist , i was just there yesterday ! ! ! ! ! ! | the first country to be known by this name was the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , which before 3 october 1929 was known as the ' ' kingdom of serbs | |
| 343662789 | 0 | ) is a term that describes three political entities that existed successively on the western part of [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the 20th century . | ' ' ' the first country to be known by this name was awesome and i went there yesterday , so it exists , and the kingdom of yugoslavia was then invaded by bailey and will . ' ' ' | the first country to be known by this name was the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , which before 3 october 1929 was known as the ' ' kingdom of serbs | |
| 343662815 | 0 | ) is a term that describes three political entities that existed successively on the western part of [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the 20th century . | ' ' ' the first country to be known by this name was awesome and i went there yesterday , so it exists , and the kingdom of yugoslavia was then invaded by bailey and will . ' ' ' | the first country to be known by this name was the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , which before 3 october 1929 was known as the ' ' kingdom of serbs | |
| 349097618 | 0 | ]] [[ sr : југославија ]] [[ sh : jugoslavija ]] [[ fi : jugoslavia ]] [[ sv : jugoslavien ]] [[ tl : yugoslabya ]] [[ th : ยูโกสลาเวีย ]] | [[ tr : yugoslavya ]] | [[ to : ʻiukosilāvia ]] [[ uk : югославія ]] [[ vi : nam tư ]] [[ zh - classical : 南斯拉夫 ]] [[ yi : יוגאסלאוויע ]] [[ zh : | |
| 351439969 | 0 | ) is a term that describes three political entities that existed successively on the western part of [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the 20th century . | i like big sex and i canot lie | the first country to be known by this name was the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , which before 3 october 1929 was known as the ' ' kingdom of serbs | |
| 351439998 | 0 | ) is a term that describes three political entities that existed successively on the western part of [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the 20th century . | i like big sex and i canot lie | the first country to be known by this name was the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , which before 3 october 1929 was known as the ' ' kingdom of serbs | |
| 400599300 | 68 | : american council of learned societies , 1983 ed 236 093 * [[ barbara jelavich | jelavich , barbara ]] : ' ' [[ history of the balkans : twentieth century | ]] | ' ' , volume 2 . new york : american council of learned societies , 1983 . ed 236 094 * kohlmann , evan f . : ' ' al - | |
| 485215993 | 2 | | cyrillic ]] : југославија ) refers to a series of political entities that existed successively in the western part of the [[ balkans ]] during most of the 20th century | which was established three times under differing forms of government | . the first country to be known by this name was the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , which before 3 october 1929 was known as the ' ' kingdom of | |
| 495585894 | 6 | jugoslavija ' ' ; [[ serbian cyrillic | cyrillic ]] : југославија ) was a country in the western part of the [[ balkans ]] during most of the 20th century | which was established three times under differing forms of government | ]] | . the first country to be known by this name was the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , which before 3 october 1929 was known as the ' ' kingdom of |
| 495666744 | 7 | | slovene ]] : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' , југославија ) was a country in the western part of the [[ balkans ]] during most of the [[ 20th century | ]] | which was established three times under differing forms of government | . the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , which before 3 october 1929 was known as the ' ' kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ' ' was established on |
| 8 | ]] : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' , југославија ) was a country in the western part of the [[ balkans ]] during most of the [[ 20th century ]] . | the first country to be known by this name was | the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , which before 3 october 1929 was known as the ' ' kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ' ' was established on 1 | ||
| 495668696 | 8 | jugoslavija ' ' ; [[ serbian cyrillic | cyrillic ]] : југославија ) was a country in the western part of the [[ balkans ]] during most of the 20th century | which was established three times under differing forms of government | ]] | . the first country to be known by this name was the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , which before 3 october 1929 was known as the ' ' kingdom of |
| 508093234 | 1 | | slovene ]] : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' , југославија ) was a country in the western part of the [[ balkans ]] during most of the [[ 20th century | ]] | . the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , which before 3 october 1929 was known as the ' ' kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ' ' was established on | |
| 614515028 | 0 | ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' , југославија ) was a country in [[ southeast europe ]] during most of the 20th century | , formed as a result of pan - slavic sentiments held by southern slavs ; its name translates to " land of the southern slavs " | . it came into existence after [[ world war i ]] in 1918 {{ efn - lr | the [[ yugoslav committee ]] , led by [[ dalmatia ]] n [[ | |
| 614602814 | 0 | ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' , југославија ) was a country in [[ southeast europe ]] during most of the 20th century | , formed as a result of pan - slavic sentiments held by southern slavs ; its name translates to " land of the southern slavs " | . it came into existence after [[ world war i ]] in 1918 {{ efn - lr | the [[ yugoslav committee ]] , led by [[ dalmatia ]] n [[ | |
| 702550312 | 12 | ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' , југославија ) was a country in [[ southeast europe ]] during most of the 20th century | ]] | . it came into existence after [[ world war i ]] in 1918 {{ efn - lr | the [[ yugoslav committee ]] , led by [[ dalmatia ]] n [[ | |
| 702550622 | 3 | }} the concept of ' ' yugoslavia ' ' , as a single state for all [[ south slavs | south slavic ]] peoples , emerged in the late 17th century | ]] | and gained prominence through the [[ illyrian movement ]] of the 19th century . the name was created by the combination of the slavic words " jug " ( south ) | |
| 5 | state for all [[ south slavs | south slavic ]] peoples , emerged in the late 17th century and gained prominence through the [[ illyrian movement ]] of the 19th century | ]] | . the name was created by the combination of the slavic words " jug " ( south ) and " slaveni " ( slavs ) . yugoslavia was the result of | ||
| 702589142 | 12 | , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' , југославија ) was a country in [[ southeast europe ]] during most of the [[ 20th century | ]] | . it came into existence after [[ world war i ]] in [[ 1918 ]] {{ efn - lr | the [[ yugoslav committee ]] , led by [[ dalmatia ]] | |
| 71 | of ' ' [[ yugoslavia ]] ' ' , as a single state for all [[ south slavs | south slavic ]] peoples , emerged in the late [[ 17th century | ]] | and gained prominence through the [[ illyrian movement ]] of the [[ 19th century ]] . the name was created by the combination of the slavic words " jug " ( | ||
| 73 | [[ south slavs | south slavic ]] peoples , emerged in the late [[ 17th century ]] and gained prominence through the [[ illyrian movement ]] of the [[ 19th century | ]] | . the name was created by the combination of the slavic words " jug " ( [[ south ]] ) and " slaveni " ( [[ slavs ]] ) . [[ |
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| 3458207 | 0 | was officially abolished when the state was transformed into a loose commonwealth called [[ serbia and montenegro ]] . = = see also = = * [[ history of yugoslavia ]] | {{ msg : disambig }} | {{ msg : sfry }} [[ da : jugoslavien ]] [[ de : jugoslawien ]] [[ et : jugoslaavia ]] [[ fr : yougoslavie ]] [[ hr : jugoslavija ]] [[ | |||
| 4855507 | 0 | was officially abolished when the state was transformed into a loose commonwealth called [[ serbia and montenegro ]] . = = see also = = * [[ history of yugoslavia ]] | {{ disambig }} | {{ sfry }} [[ da : jugoslavien ]] [[ de : jugoslawien ]] [[ et : jugoslaavia ]] [[ fr : yougoslavie ]] [[ hr : jugoslavija ]] [[ nl : | |||
| 8640415 | 7 | the european union ]] = = miscellaneous = = [[ asteroid ]] [[ 1554 yugoslavia ]] is discovered by [[ milorad b . protitch ]] and named after first yugoslavia . | [[ category : yugoslavia | * ]] [[ category : former countries ]] [[ da : jugoslavien ]] [[ de : jugoslawien | ||||
| 15458682 | 0 | net vojska . net - covering wars in former yugoslavia ] * [ http : / / www . ohr . int / ohr - info / maps / maps ] | * [ http : / / www . balkan - archive . org . yu / politics / war in former yugoslavia ] ( pictures of the hidden side of the war that nobody wants to show , etc . ) | {{ commons | yugoslavia }} [[ category : yugoslavia | * ]] [[ category : former countries ]] [[ ar : & # 1610 ; & # 1608 ; & # | |||
| 15548291 | 0 | archive . org . yu / politics / war in former yugoslavia ] ( pictures of the hidden side of the war that nobody wants to show , etc . ) | * [ http : / / www . slobodnajugoslavija . com / slobodna jugoslavija ] | {{ commons | yugoslavia }} [[ category : yugoslavia | * ]] [[ category : former countries ]] [[ ar : & # 1610 ; & # 1608 ; & # | |||
| 34136474 | 7 | boycotted . heavy pro - independence sentiment among bosnians muslims and croats resulted in a massive yes vote in the referendum , with a turn - out of around 64 % | . | {{ ref | malcolm }} the republic ' s government declared its independence on [[ 5 april ]] , and the serbs immediately declared the independence of republika srpska . the | |||
| 34241700 | 17 | srpska of bosnia and herzegovina ]] supported by the yugoslav army . in these areas , the independence referendum was boycotted . heavy pro - independence sentiment among bosnians muslims and | croats resulted in a turn - out of around 64 | 98 | % {{ ref | malcolm }} , however yes vote by 2 / 3 of the population was needed . the republic ' s government declared its independence on [[ 5 | ||
| 34981679 | 0 | / / www . ohr . int / ohr - info / maps / maps ] * [ http : / / www . slobodnajugoslavija . com / slobodna jugoslavija ] | * [ http : / / www . burek . co . yu burek forum ] the biggest forum in ex yugoslavia region | {{ commons | yugoslavia }} [[ category : yugoslavia | ]] [[ category : former countries in europe ]] [[ ar : يوغوسلافيا ]] [[ bs : jugoslavija ]] [[ cs | |||
| 59411371 | 0 | {st@rt} | {{ unreferenced }} {{ not verified }} | {{ citations missing }} {{ cleanup - date | june 2006 }} ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( ' ' jugoslavija ' ' in all [[ south slavic languages | |||
| 63201915 | 1 | {st@rt} | {{ citations missing }} | {{ cleanup - date | june 2006 }} ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( ' ' jugoslavija ' ' in all [[ south slavic languages ]] , ' ' | |||
| 63327901 | 0 | hss ) . however , the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes was declared on 1 december 1918 in belgrade . = = kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes | ( first yugoslavia ) | = = | = = {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia }} with the end of world war i and the downfall of austria - hungary and the ottoman empire , the conditions were | ||
| 65110599 | 0 | yugoslavia . = = see also = = * [[ history of the balkans ]] * [[ history of europe ]] * [[ yugoslav war ]] = = references = = | < references / > | {{ reflist }} | * {{ loc }} – [ http : / / lcweb2 . loc . gov / frd / cs / yutoc . html yugoslavia ] = = external links = = | ||
| 176152092 | 0 | {st@rt} | - - [[ special : contributions / 24 . 128 . 145 . 93 | 24 . 128 . 145 . 93 ]] ( [[ user talk : 24 . 128 . 145 . 93 | talk ]] ) 14 : 28 , 6 december 2007 ( utc ) - - - - - - - - yugoslavia is a big fat poop face ! ! ! ! and should be taken over by the french . - - - - | {{ see also | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ image : locationyugoslavia2 . png | thumb | right | 200px | |||
| 176171781 | 0 | {st@rt} | - - [[ special : contributions / 24 . 128 . 145 . 93 | 24 . 128 . 145 . 93 ]] ( [[ user talk : 24 . 128 . 145 . 93 | talk ]] ) 14 : 28 , 6 december 2007 ( utc ) - - - - - - - - | {{ see also | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ image : locationyugoslavia2 . png | thumb | right | 200px | |||
| 180736112 | 0 | / go / pr / fr / - / 1 / hi / world / europe / 4997380 . stm timeline : break - up of yugoslavia at bbc news ] | * [ http : / / books . google . com / books ? id = - 84 _ kkgmf2qc & printsec = frontcover & dq = yugoslavia & lr = & hl = de & sig = ehuyv6lzcu4v7njp _ iingo90aju # ppp15 , m1 the first yugoslavia : search for a viable political system , by alex n . dragnich ] | {{ see also | kingdom of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ category : yugoslavia | ]] [[ category : former countries in | |||
| 185765996 | 0 | of yugoslavia | communist party ]] became increasingly paralyzed and thrown into crisis . = = = breakup = = = [[ image : breakup of yugoslavia . gif | right | | 140px | ]] {{ pov | date = december 2007 }} {{ refimprove | date = july 2006 }} {{ main | dissolution of yugoslavia }} after tito ' s death on [[ | |||
| 191258641 | 0 | {st@rt} | ' ' ' hello : ) ' ' ' | {{ see also | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ image : locationyugoslavia2 . png | thumb | right | 200px | |||
| 191262286 | 0 | {st@rt} ' | ' ' hello : ) | ' ' ' {{ see also | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ image : locationyugoslavia2 . png | thumb | | |||
| 191262365 | 0 | {st@rt} | ' | ' ' ' {{ see also | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ image : locationyugoslavia2 . png | thumb | | |||
| 192075557 | 0 | years . ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( {{ lang - sh | југославија }} , {{ lang | sh - latn | ' ' jugoslavija ' ' | }} | in the [[ gaj ' s latin alphabet | latin alphabet ]] | , {{ lang - en | [[ south slavia ]] }} ) describes three political entities that existed successively on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of | ||
| 193291662 | 0 | & hl = de & sig = ehuyv6lzcu4v7njp _ iingo90aju # ppp15 , m1 the first yugoslavia : search for a viable political system , by alex n . dragnich ] | * [ http : / / entertainment . timesonline . co . uk / tol / arts _ and _ entertainment / the _ tls / article3410344 . ece " where the west went wrong " ] : an article in the [ http : / / www . the - tls . co . uk tls ] by charles king about the dissolution of yugoslavia . | {{ see also | kingdom of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ category : yugoslavia | ]] [[ category : former countries in | |||
| 203839515 | 0 | ] : an article in the [ http : / / www . the - tls . co . uk tls ] by charles king about the dissolution of yugoslavia . | {{ powerful nations }} | {{ see also | kingdom of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ category : yugoslavia | ]] [[ category : former countries in | |||
| 203848584 | 0 | ] : an article in the [ http : / / www . the - tls . co . uk tls ] by charles king about the dissolution of yugoslavia . | {{ powerful nations }} | {{ see also | kingdom of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ category : yugoslavia | ]] [[ category : former countries in | |||
| 205031513 | 0 | {st@rt} | {{ pp - semi - vandalism | small = yes }} | ' ' ' {{ see also | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ image : locationyugoslavia2 . png | thumb | | |||
| 206780466 | 0 | {st@rt} | {{ pp - semi - vandalism | small = yes }} | ' ' ' {{ see also | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ image : locationyugoslavia2 . png | thumb | | |||
| 206802676 | 0 | country of slovenes , croats and serbs " ( {{ lang - sh | ' ' država slovenaca , hrvata i srba ' ' / држава словенаца , хрвата и срба | }} | ; {{ lang - sl | ' ' država slovencev , hrvatov in srbov ' ' ; {{ lang - mk | кралство на србите , хрватите и словенците }} ) | |||
| 1 | ' ' država slovenaca , hrvata i srba ' ' / држава словенаца , хрвата и срба ; {{ lang - sl | ' ' država slovencev , hrvatov in srbov | ' ' | }} | ; {{ lang - mk | кралство на србите , хрватите и словенците }} ) . the country was established on [[ 29 october ]] [[ 1918 ]] . it lasted | |||
| 11 | december 1918 it joined together with the " kingdom of serbia " ( kraljevina srbija / краљевина србија ) to form " kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes " ( | serbo - croatian : | {{ lang | sh | kraljevina slovenaca , hrvata i srba / краљевина словенаца , хрвата и срба }} ; slovene : {{ lang | sl | kraljevina slovencev , hrvatov | ||||
| 212663303 | 0 | {st@rt} | ' ' ' | {{ see also | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ image : locationyugoslavia2 . png | thumb | right | 200px | |||
| 214561406 | 0 | was delayed by four weeks , which proved to be a costly decision . ) {{ fact | date = october 2007 }} = = yugoslavia during the second world war | ii | = = {{ seealso | participants in world war ii # yugoslavia }} = = = the invasion of yugoslavia = = = {{ main | invasion of yugoslavia }} at | |||
| 215136896 | 0 | {st@rt} | {{ pp - semi - vandalism | expiry = june 2 , 2008 | small = yes }} | {{ see also | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ image : locationyugoslavia2 . png | thumb | right | 200px | |||
| 216789147 | 0 | {st@rt} | {{ pp - semi - vandalism | expiry = june 2 , 2008 | small = yes }} | {{ see also | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ image : locationyugoslavia2 . png | thumb | right | 200px | |||
| 219529741 | 20 | . foia . cia . gov / cpe / esau / esau - 46 . pdf " yugoslavia : the outworn structure " ( [[ cia ]] ) report from november | [[ | 1970 ]] ] {{ yug - timeline }} [[ category : yugoslavia | ]] [[ category : former countries in the balkans ]] [[ category : former countries in europe ]] | |||
| 21 | . cia . gov / cpe / esau / esau - 46 . pdf " yugoslavia : the outworn structure " ( [[ cia ]] ) report from november [[ 1970 | ]] | ] {{ yug - timeline }} [[ category : yugoslavia | ]] [[ category : former countries in the balkans ]] [[ category : former countries in europe ]] [[ category | ||||
| 222532399 | 0 | communist party ]] became increasingly paralyzed and thrown into crisis . = = = breakup = = = [[ image : breakup of yugoslavia . gif | right | 140px ]] | {{ pov | date = december 2007 }} {{ refimprove | date = july 2006 }} | {{ main | dissolution of yugoslavia }} after tito ' s death on [[ 4 may ]] [[ 1980 ]] , [[ ethnic group | ethnic ]] [[ tension ]] s | |||
| 227312754 | 0 | {st@rt} | this is all fake | {{ see also | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ image : locationyugoslavia2 . png | thumb | right | 200px | |||
| 227312798 | 0 | {st@rt} | this is all fake | {{ see also | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ image : locationyugoslavia2 . png | thumb | right | 200px | |||
| 231807320 | 0 | http : / / en . wikipedia . org / wiki / jasenovac # victim _ counts < / ref > = = = = resistance movements = = = = | {{ pov | date = december 2007 }} | {{ main | yugoslav people ' s liberation war }} from the start , the yugoslav resistance forces consisted of two factions : the communist - led [[ yugoslav partisans ]] | |||
| 231807528 | 0 | in these camps . < ref > http : / / en . wikipedia . org / wiki / jasenovac # victim _ counts < / ref > = = = | resistance movements | yugoslav people ' s liberation war | = = = {{ main | yugoslav people ' s liberation war }} from the start , the yugoslav resistance forces consisted of two factions : the communist - led [[ | ||
| 231810308 | 7 | the citizens , and was elected by referendum to lead the new independent [[ communism | communist ]] state , starting as a [[ prime minister ]] . = = the | second | = = sfr | yugoslavia = = {{ main | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ image : sfryugoslavianumbered . png | thumb | 200px | right | numbered map of yugoslav republics and | ||
| 17 | communists of yugoslavia | communist party ]] became increasingly paralyzed and thrown into crisis . = = = breakup = = = [[ image : breakup of yugoslavia . gif | | right | thumb | | 140px ]] {{ pov | date = december 2007 }} {{ refimprove | date = july 2006 }} {{ main | dissolution of yugoslavia }} after tito ' s death | |||
| 18 | yugoslavia | communist party ]] became increasingly paralyzed and thrown into crisis . = = = breakup = = = [[ image : breakup of yugoslavia . gif | right | | 140px | right | 250px | breakup of [[ sfr yugoslavia ]] . | ]] {{ pov | date = december 2007 }} {{ refimprove | date = july 2006 }} {{ main | dissolution of yugoslavia }} after tito ' s death on [[ | |||
| 236526691 | 0 | {st@rt} | {{ refimprove }} | {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ image : locationyugoslavia2 . png | thumb | right | 300px | | |||
| 237537689 | 0 | . cia . gov / cpe / esau / esau - 46 . pdf " yugoslavia : the outworn structure " ( [[ cia ]] ) report from november 1970 ] | * [ http : / / chnm . gmu . edu / 1989 making the history of 1989 : the fall of communism in eastern europe ] was created by the [ http : / / chnm . gmu . edu / center for history and new media ] , [ http : / / gmu . edu george mason university ] , fairfax , va . this project contains primary sources and teaching resources for the history of 1989 in eastern europe , as well as documentation on the [ http : / / chnm . gmu . edu / 1989 / exhibits / collapse / essay collapse of communist yugoslavia ] . | {{ yug - timeline }} [[ category : yugoslavia | ]] [[ category : former countries in the balkans ]] [[ category : former countries in europe ]] [[ category : | |||
| 237955281 | 1 | europe , as well as documentation on the [ http : / / chnm . gmu . edu / 1989 / exhibits / collapse / essay collapse of communist yugoslavia ] | . | {{ yug - timeline }} [[ category : yugoslavia | ]] [[ category : former countries in the balkans ]] [[ category : former countries in europe ]] [[ category : | |||
| 241638823 | 0 | these camps . < ref > http : / / en . wikipedia . org / wiki / jasenovac # victim _ counts < / ref > = = = yugoslav | people ' s liberation war | national resistance | = = = {{ main | yugoslav people ' s liberation war }} from the start , the yugoslav resistance forces consisted of two factions : the communist - led [[ | ||
| 241739997 | 0 | these camps . < ref > http : / / en . wikipedia . org / wiki / jasenovac # victim _ counts < / ref > = = = yugoslav | national resistance | people ' s liberation war | = = = {{ main | yugoslav national resistance }} from the start , the yugoslav resistance forces consisted of two factions : the communist - led [[ yugoslav partisans ]] | ||
| 246067682 | 0 | stjepan " stevo " filipović ]] shouting " death to fascism , freedom to the people ! " ( the partisan slogan ) seconds before plunging to his death . ]] | [[ image : dfy coat of arms . gif | the coat of arms of the [[ democratic federal yugoslavia ]] . ]] | {{ seealso | participants in world war ii # yugoslavia }} = = = invasion of yugoslavia = = = {{ main | invasion of yugoslavia }} at 5 : 12 | |||
| 253861794 | 0 | ]] then decided to attack yugoslavia on april 6 , 1941 , followed immediately by an invasion of greece where [[ benito mussolini | mussolini ]] had previously been repelled . | ( as a result , the launch of [[ operation barbarossa ]] was delayed by four weeks , which proved to be a costly decision . ) | {{ fact | date = october 2007 }} = = yugoslavia during world war ii = = [[ image : stjepan filipovic . jpg | thumb | right | 200px | | |||
| 254038112 | 0 | {st@rt} | = = headline text = = | {{ refimprove | date = september 2008 }} {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ image : locationyugoslavia2 . | |||
| 254039072 | 0 | {st@rt} | = = headline text = = | {{ refimprove | date = september 2008 }} {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ image : locationyugoslavia2 . | |||
| 256387537 | 3 | | right | war in former yugoslavia , fronts in 1993 ]] [[ image : former yugoslavia 2008 . png | 250px | thumb | right | countries of former yugoslavia | , 2008 . | ]] {{ main | yugoslav wars }} the war broke out when the new regimes tried to replace yugoslav civilian and military forces by the secessionist forces . when in august | |||
| 4 | | thumb | right | war in former yugoslavia , fronts in 1993 ]] [[ image : former yugoslavia 2008 . png | 250px | thumb | right | countries of | former | yugoslavia ]] {{ main | yugoslav wars }} the war broke out when the new regimes tried to replace yugoslav civilian and military forces by the secessionist forces . when in | ||||
| 258450772 | 0 | minority in a sovereign croatia , since they would be demoted from a constituent nation of croatia and this would consequently diminish their rights . = = yugoslav wars = = | [[ image : former yugoslavia wartime 1 . png | 250px | thumb | right | [[ yugoslav wars ]] , fronts in 1993 . ]] [[ image : former yugoslavia 2008 . png | 250px | thumb | right | state entities on the former territory of yugoslavia , 2008 . ]] | {{ main | yugoslav wars }} the war broke out when the new regimes tried to replace yugoslav civilian and military forces by the secessionist forces . when in august 1990 | |||
| 258451085 | 0 | he accused the serbian government of sponsoring . the independence of bosnia was against serbs ' desire for their territory to remain in yugoslavia resulted in the bosnian war . ]] | [[ image : former yugoslavia wartime 1 . png | 250px | thumb | right | [[ yugoslav wars ]] , fronts in 1993 . ]] [[ image : former yugoslavia 2008 . png | 250px | thumb | right | state entities on the former territory of yugoslavia , 2008 . ]] | {{ main | breakup of yugoslavia }} after tito ' s death on 4 may 1980 , [[ ethnic group | ethnic ]] [[ stress ( biological ) | tensions ]] | |||
| 259311852 | 0 | {st@rt} | ' ' ' ' ' bold text ' ' ' ' ' the yugoslavia area is best known for thier amazing apple juice and their amazing barbie fruit snacks . their fruits have a delectible taste . if u have read this do not believe these lies that people have posted b 4 . what i have just previously typed is nothing but the hardcore truth right now . yugoslavia ' s main religion is wiccan / satin . black dress with the tights underneath . i got the breathe of the last cigerrett on my teeth . | {{ refimprove | date = september 2008 }} {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ image : locationyugoslavia2 . | |||
| 259311854 | 0 | {st@rt} | ' ' ' ' ' bold text ' ' ' ' ' the yugoslavia area is best known for thier amazing apple juice and their amazing barbie fruit snacks . their fruits have a delectible taste . if u have read this do not believe these lies that people have posted b 4 . what i have just previously typed is nothing but the hardcore truth right now . yugoslavia ' s main religion is wiccan / satin . black dress with the tights underneath . i got the breathe of the last cigerrett on my teeth . | {{ refimprove | date = september 2008 }} {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ image : locationyugoslavia2 . | |||
| 259545805 | 0 | {st@rt} | lyrics to don ' t trust me : black dress with the tights underneath , i got the breath of the last cigarette on my teeth , and shes an actress ( actress ) , but she ain ' t got no need . shes got money from her parents in a trust fund back east . t - t - t - tongues always pressed to your cheeks , while my tongue is on the inside of some other girls teeth , t - tell your boyfriend if he says hes got beef , that i ' m a vegetarian and i ain ' t fucking scared of him . she wants to touch me ( woah ) , she wants to love me ( woah ) , she ' ll never leave me ( woah , woah , oh , oh ) , don ' t trust a ho , never trust a ho , won ' t trust a ho , won ' t trust me . x ' s on the back of your hands , wash them in the bathroom to drink like the bands . and your setlist ( setlist ) , you stole off the stage , had red and purple lipstick all over the page . b - b - b - bruises cover your arms , shaking in the fingers with the bottle in your palm . and the best is ( best is ) , no one knows who you are , just another girl alone at the bar . she wants to touch me ( woah ) , she wants to love me ( woah ) , she ' ll never leave me ( woah , woah , oh , oh ) , don ' t trust a ho , never trust a ho , won ' t trust a ho , won ' t trust me . shush girl shut your lips , do the hellen keller and talk with your hips . i said , shush girl shut your lips , do the hellen keller and talk with your hips . i said , shush girl shut your lips , do the hellen keller and talk with your hips . woah , woah , woah . . . she wants to touch me ( woah ) , she wants to love me ( woah ) , she ' ll never leave me ( woah , woah , oh , oh ) , don ' t trust a ho , never trust a ho , won ' t trust a ho , won ' t trust me | {{ refimprove | date = september 2008 }} {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ image : locationyugoslavia2 . | |||
| 259545912 | 0 | {st@rt} | lyrics to don ' t trust me : black dress with the tights underneath , i got the breath of the last cigarette on my teeth , and shes an actress ( actress ) , but she ain ' t got no need . shes got money from her parents in a trust fund back east . t - t - t - tongues always pressed to your cheeks , while my tongue is on the inside of some other girls teeth , t - tell your boyfriend if he says hes got beef , that i ' m a vegetarian and i ain ' t fucking scared of him . she wants to touch me ( woah ) , she wants to love me ( woah ) , she ' ll never leave me ( woah , woah , oh , oh ) , don ' t trust a ho , never trust a ho , won ' t trust a ho , won ' t trust me . x ' s on the back of your hands , wash them in the bathroom to drink like the bands . and your setlist ( setlist ) , you stole off the stage , had red and purple lipstick all over the page . b - b - b - bruises cover your arms , shaking in the fingers with the bottle in your palm . and the best is ( best is ) , no one knows who you are , just another girl alone at the bar . she wants to touch me ( woah ) , she wants to love me ( woah ) , she ' ll never leave me ( woah , woah , oh , oh ) , don ' t trust a ho , never trust a ho , won ' t trust a ho , won ' t trust me . shush girl shut your lips , do the hellen keller and talk with your hips . i said , shush girl shut your lips , do the hellen keller and talk with your hips . i said , shush girl shut your lips , do the hellen keller and talk with your hips . woah , woah , woah . . . she wants to touch me ( woah ) , she wants to love me ( woah ) , she ' ll never leave me ( woah , woah , oh , oh ) , don ' t trust a ho , never trust a ho , won ' t trust a ho , won ' t trust me | {{ refimprove | date = september 2008 }} {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ image : locationyugoslavia2 . | |||
| 259626124 | 0 | {st@rt} | {{ pp - semi - vandalism | small = yes }} | {{ refimprove | date = september 2008 }} {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ image : locationyugoslavia2 . | |||
| 262826619 | 0 | {st@rt} | republic of kosova - republika e kosovës - president : ibrahim rugova - indenpendent : 2008 | {{ pp - semi - vandalism | small = yes }} {{ refimprove | date = september 2008 }} {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | |||
| 262827274 | 0 | {st@rt} | republic of kosova - republika e kosovës - president : ibrahim rugova - indenpendent : 2008 | {{ pp - semi - vandalism | small = yes }} {{ refimprove | date = september 2008 }} {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | |||
| 265810245 | 0 | thereby ending the yugoslav state . [[ kosovo ]] declared independence in 2008 . its statehood is , however , still disputed . _ _ toc _ _ = = background | to read | = = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} yugoslavia was the idea for a single state for all [[ south slavs | south slavic ]] [[ intelligentsia ]] and emerged | |||
| 265810361 | 0 | thereby ending the yugoslav state . [[ kosovo ]] declared independence in 2008 . its statehood is , however , still disputed . _ _ toc _ _ = = background | to read | = = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} yugoslavia was the idea for a single state for all [[ south slavs | south slavic ]] [[ intelligentsia ]] and emerged | |||
| 268496944 | 0 | {st@rt} | {{ pp - semi - vandalism | small = yes }} | {{ refimprove | date = september 2008 }} {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ file : locationyugoslavia2 . | |||
| 284460519 | 0 | {st@rt} | ☻ / ▐ \ / \ this is bob copy and paste him so he can rule over wikipedia | {{ refimprove | date = september 2008 }} {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ file : locationyugoslavia2 . | |||
| 284460772 | 0 | {st@rt} | ☻ / ▐ \ / \ this is bob copy and paste him so he can rule over wikipedia | {{ refimprove | date = september 2008 }} {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ file : locationyugoslavia2 . | |||
| 284695040 | 50 | stationed in croatian cities . serbia and jna used this discovery of croatian rearmament for propaganda purposes . in march 1990 , during the demonstrations in [[ split ( city ) | | split ]] , croatia , a young [[ yugoslavs | yugoslav ]] conscript was pushed off a tank after driving it through a crowd of people | the film was spiced by distorting sounds and fabricated voice of the croatian minister | . {{ fact | date = february 2007 }} also , guns were fired from army bases through croatia . elsewhere , tensions were running high . in the same month | ||
| 299424537 | 0 | {st@rt} | as of june 29th , 2009 , yugoslavia reformed as a country on the whim of several ultimate frisbee players . | {{ refimprove | date = september 2008 }} {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ file : locationyugoslavia2 . | |||
| 299425096 | 0 | {st@rt} | as of june 29th , 2009 , yugoslavia reformed as a country on the whim of several ultimate frisbee players . | {{ refimprove | date = september 2008 }} {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ file : locationyugoslavia2 . | |||
| 300473210 | 0 | | 40px ]] < / center > | - | 5 . [[ socialist republic of serbia ]] : 5a . {{ smaller | [[ socialist autonomous province of kosovo ]] | | - | | 5a . {{ smaller | [[ socialist autonomous province of kosovo ]] }} : 5b . {{ smaller | [[ socialist autonomous province of vojvodina ]] }} | style = " | |||
| 2 | republic of serbia ]] : 5a . {{ smaller | [[ socialist autonomous province of kosovo ]] }} : 5b . {{ smaller | [[ socialist autonomous province of vojvodina ]] | 90 % ; " | [[ pristina ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of sr serbia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : sr serbia coa . png | 40px ]] < / center > | - | | 5b . {{ smaller | [[ socialist autonomous province of vojvodina ]] }} | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ belgrade ]] : [[ | ||||
| 6 | > | < center > [[ file : sr montenegro coa . png | 40px ]] < / center > | - | 5 . [[ socialist republic of serbia ]] | : | 5a . {{ smaller | [[ socialist autonomous province of kosovo ]] }} : 5b . {{ smaller | [[ socialist autonomous province of vojvodina ]] }} | style = " | ||||
| 8 | | 40px ]] < / center > | - | 5 . [[ socialist republic of serbia ]] : 5a . {{ smaller | [[ socialist autonomous province of kosovo ]] | }} | : 5b . {{ smaller | [[ socialist autonomous province of vojvodina ]] }} | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ belgrade ]] : | ||||
| 308336766 | 0 | {st@rt} | ebra | {{ refimprove | date = september 2008 }} {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ file : locationyugoslavia2 . | |||
| 308351192 | 0 | {st@rt} | ebra | {{ refimprove | date = september 2008 }} {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ file : locationyugoslavia2 . | |||
| 309688136 | 0 | > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of croatia . svg | 40px ]] < center > | - | ' ' [[ kosovo ]] ' ' | < ref > | {{ ref label | status | a | } } | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | ' ' [[ pristina ]] ' ' | | |||
| 309709295 | 0 | {st@rt} | this is all a lie ! ! ! | {{ refimprove | date = september 2008 }} {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ file : locationyugoslavia2 . | |||
| 309709300 | 0 | {st@rt} | this is all a lie ! ! ! | {{ refimprove | date = september 2008 }} {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ file : locationyugoslavia2 . | |||
| 332320748 | 2 | shouting " death to fascism , freedom to the people ! " ( the partisan slogan ) shortly before his death in 1942 . ]] = = = invasion of yugoslavia | - is cool | = = = {{ main | invasion of yugoslavia }} at 5 : 12 a . m . on april 6 , 1941 , [[ nazi germany | german ]] , | |||
| 332321220 | 2 | shouting " death to fascism , freedom to the people ! " ( the partisan slogan ) shortly before his death in 1942 . ]] = = = invasion of yugoslavia | - is cool | = = = {{ main | invasion of yugoslavia }} at 5 : 12 a . m . on april 6 , 1941 , [[ nazi germany | german ]] , | |||
| 337496257 | 0 | {st@rt} | {{ mergeto | sfr yugoslavia | kingdom of yugoslavia | serbia and montenegro }} | {{ refimprove | date = september 2008 }} {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ file : locationyugoslavia2 . | |||
| 337550046 | 0 | {st@rt} {{ mergeto | sfr yugoslavia | kingdom of yugoslavia | serbia and montenegro | | date = january 2010 | }} {{ mergeto | history of yugoslavia }} {{ refimprove | date = september 2008 }} {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | federal republic | |||
| 1 | {st@rt} {{ mergeto | sfr yugoslavia | kingdom of yugoslavia | serbia and montenegro }} {{ mergeto | history of yugoslavia | | date = january 2010 | }} {{ refimprove | date = september 2008 }} {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ file : locationyugoslavia2 | ||||
| 337802095 | 0 | yugoslavia ( fpr yugoslavia ) * [[ serbia and montenegro ]] ( 1992 - 2006 ) , state union , initially a federal state known as the federal republic of yugoslavia | = = see also = = * [[ history of yugoslavia ]] | {{ disambig }} [[ af : joegoslawië ]] [[ ar : يوغوسلافيا ]] [[ ast : yugoslavia ]] [[ az : yuqoslaviya ]] [[ be : югаславія ]] [[ be - | |||
| 340418892 | 1 | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of croatia . svg | 40px ]] < center > | - | ' ' [[ kosovo ]] ' ' < ref | name = " kosovo " | > {{ kosovo - note }} < / ref > | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | ' ' [[ pristina ]] ' ' | | |||
| 347164096 | 13 | and war between croats and serbs upon croatia declaring independence , which ended in what many consider to have been an ethnic cleansing of serbs from a part of croatia . | ]] | {{ pov - statement | date = april 2009 }} ]] [[ file : alijaizetbegovic1 . jpg | thumb | 150px | right | bosnian president [[ alija izetbegović ]] pushed | |||
| 25 | , which angered serb nationalists who wished to remain in union with serbia . this resulted in the outbreak of violence and war between croats and serbs upon croatia declaring independence | , which ended in what many consider to have been an ethnic cleansing of serbs from a part of croatia | . {{ pov - statement | date = april 2009 }} ]] [[ file : alijaizetbegovic1 . jpg | thumb | 150px | right | bosnian president [[ alija izetbegović ]] | ||||
| 347244560 | 2 | = = * [[ history of the balkans ]] * [[ history of europe ]] * [[ music of yugoslavia ]] * [[ yugoslav wars ]] = = references = = | {{ reflist | colwidth = 30em }} * {{ loc }} – [ http : / / lcweb2 . loc . gov / frd / cs / yutoc . html yugoslavia | ||||
| 355368422 | 0 | {st@rt} | {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} | {{ refimprove | date = september 2008 }} [[ file : locationyugoslavia2 . png | thumb | right | 300px | general location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . | |||
| 366081058 | 0 | map of yugoslav republics and autonomous provinces . ]] [[ file : marsal tito . jpg | thumb | 200px | right | marshal [[ josip broz tito ]] . ]] | [[ file : proslavatito . jpg | thumb | right | 200px | the 1968 [[ league of communists of yugoslavia ]] congress . ]] | {{ main | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} on november 29 , 1945 , while still in exile , [[ king of yugoslavia | king ]] [[ peter ii of | |||
| 378359503 | 0 | including the [[ autonomy | autonomous ]] provinces of [[ sap vojvodina ]] and [[ sap kosovo ]] who after 1974 were largely equal to the other members of the federation | . | {{ citation needed | date = february 2010 }} ) . starting in 1991 , the sfry disintegrated in the [[ yugoslav wars ]] which followed the [[ secession ]] of | |||
| 378359693 | 0 | the [[ autonomy | autonomous ]] provinces of [[ sap vojvodina ]] and [[ sap kosovo ]] who after 1974 were largely equal to the other members of the federation . | ) | {{ citation needed | date = february 2010 }} ) starting in 1991 , the sfry disintegrated in the [[ yugoslav wars ]] which followed the [[ secession ]] of most | |||
| 387354520 | 5 | references = = * {{ loc }} - [ http : / / lcweb2 . loc . gov / frd / cs / yutoc . html yugoslavia ] = = = | notes | " right " valign | = = = {{ reflist | colwidth = 30em }} = = further reading = = * allcock , john b . : explaining yugoslavia . new york : columbia university | ||
| 6 | = * {{ loc }} - [ http : / / lcweb2 . loc . gov / frd / cs / yutoc . html yugoslavia ] = = = notes = | = = | " top " | a . | {{ note | status }} {{ kosovo - note }} | } ' ' ' references : ' ' ' | {{ reflist | colwidth = 30em }} = = further reading = = * allcock , john b . : explaining yugoslavia . new york : columbia university press , 2000 | |||
| 398824624 | 0 | including the [[ autonomy | autonomous ]] provinces of [[ sap vojvodina ]] and [[ sap kosovo ]] who after 1974 were largely equal to the other members of the federation | < ref > {{ cite book | last = huntington | first = samuel p | . ) {{ citation needed | date = february 2010 }} starting in 1991 , the sfry disintegrated in the [[ yugoslav wars ]] which followed the [[ secession ]] of | |||
| 1 | the [[ autonomy | autonomous ]] provinces of [[ sap vojvodina ]] and [[ sap kosovo ]] who after 1974 were largely equal to the other members of the federation . | | title = [[ the clash of civilizations | the clash of civilizations and the remaking of world order ]] | publisher = simon & schuster | isbn = 0 - 684 - 84441 - 9 | year = 1996 | page = 260 }} < / ref > | ) {{ citation needed | date = february 2010 }} starting in 1991 , the sfry disintegrated in the [[ yugoslav wars ]] which followed the [[ secession ]] of most | ||||
| 400599300 | 41 | ]] < / center > file : coat of arms of sfr yugoslavia . svg | < center > [[ coat of arms of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | | coat of arms ]] < / center > < / gallery > [[ file : sfryugoslavianumbered . png | thumb | 250px | right | numbered map of yugoslav republics and autonomous provinces . ]] [[ file : marsal tito . jpg | thumb | 200px | right | marshal [[ josip broz tito ]] . ]] | {{ main | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} on november 29 , 1945 , while still in exile , [[ king of yugoslavia | king ]] [[ peter ii of | |||
| 403965021 | 0 | . = = = breakup = = = [[ file : breakup of yugoslavia . gif | thumb | right | 250px | breakup of [[ sfr yugoslavia ]] . ]] | [[ file : slobodan milosevic . jpg | thumb | 150px | right | serbian president [[ slobodan milošević ]] [[ file : franjotudman . jpg | thumb | 150px | right | croatian president [[ franjo tuđman ]] [[ file : alijaizetbegovic1 . jpg | thumb | 140px | right | bosnian president [[ alija izetbegović ]] | {{ main | breakup of yugoslavia }} though the 1974 constitution dampened the institutional and material powers of the federal government , tito ' s authority substituted for this weakness until | |||
| 430938486 | 0 | % ; " | [[ zagreb ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of croatia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | - | | ' ' | [[ kosovo ]] {{ ref label | status | a | } } | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ pristina ]] | < | |||
| 436091877 | 0 | ( or jugo - slavia in the rest of europe ) , coined from the slavic words " jug " ( south ) and " slaveni " ( slavs ) . | in 1929 it was formally renamed the " kingdom of yugoslavia " . = = kingdom of yugoslavia = = | = = first yugoslavia = = | {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia }} [[ file : flag of the kingdom of yugoslavia . svg | thumb | right | flag of the kingdom of yugoslavia ]] [[ | ||
| 6 | 000 . subsequent data gathering in the 1980s by historians [[ vladimir žerjavić ]] and [[ bogoljub kočović ]] showed that the actual number of dead was about 1 million . | = = socialist | ' ' in 1929 . | yugoslavia = = {{ main | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ file : flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | thumb | right | flag of socialist federal republic | |||
| 7 | gathering in the 1980s by historians [[ vladimir žerjavić ]] and [[ bogoljub kočović ]] showed that the actual number of dead was about 1 million . = = socialist yugoslavia | = = | = = second | {{ main | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ file : flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | thumb | right | flag of socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] | |||
| 439457771 | 1 | ' ' [[ kosovo ]] ' ' {{ ref label | status | a | } } | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ | }} | {{ ref label | status | a | } } | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ pristina ]] | < center > [[ | |||
| 5 | zagreb ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of croatia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | - | ' ' [[ kosovo ]] | ' ' | {{ ref label | status | a | } } | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ pristina ]] | < center > [[ | ||||
| 441313646 | 0 | {st@rt} | {{ use dmy dates | date = july 2011 }} | {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} {{ refimprove | date = september 2008 }} {{ see also | kingdom of yugoslavia | |||
| 468701811 | 45 | events to follow . = = = breakup = = = [[ file : breakup of yugoslavia . gif | thumb | right | 250px | breakup of [[ sfr yugoslavia | ]] . | ]] {{ main | breakup of yugoslavia }} though the 1974 constitution dampened the institutional and material powers of the federal government , tito ' s authority substituted for this weakness | |||
| 64 | today ' s independent states . = = see also = = * [[ history of the balkans ]] * [[ yugoslav wars ]] = = notes and references = = | ' ' ' notes : ' ' ' { | class = " references - small " style = " margin - left : 13px ; line - height : 150 % " | align = " right " valign = " top " | a . | {{ note | status }} {{ kosovo - note }} | } ' ' ' references : ' ' ' | {{ reflist | colwidth = 30em }} * {{ loc }} - [ http : / / lcweb2 . loc . gov / frd / cs / yutoc . html yugoslavia | ||||
| 478217075 | 0 | {st@rt} {{ refimprove | date = september 2008 }} {{ for | the asteroid | 1554 yugoslavia }} {{ use dmy dates | date = | july 2011 | february 2012 | }} {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} {{ see also | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} | ||
| 484701525 | 0 | center > | - | 5 < br > 5a < br > 5b | [[ socialist republic of serbia ]] : {{ smaller | [[ socialist autonomous province of kosovo | - metohija | ]] }} : {{ smaller | [[ socialist autonomous province of vojvodina ]] }} | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ belgrade ]] : | |||
| 484701589 | 0 | center > | - | 5 < br > 5a < br > 5b | [[ socialist republic of serbia ]] : {{ smaller | [[ socialist autonomous province of kosovo | - metohija | ]] }} : {{ smaller | [[ socialist autonomous province of vojvodina ]] }} | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ belgrade ]] : | |||
| 495585894 | 12 | and gained prominence in the 19th century [[ illyrian movement ]] . coined from the slavic words " jug " ( south ) and " slaveni " ( slavs ) . | = = kingdom of yugoslavia = = | {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia }} [[ file : flag of the kingdom of yugoslavia . svg | thumb | right | flag of the kingdom of yugoslavia ]] [[ | |||
| 25 | prominence in the 19th century [[ illyrian movement ]] . coined from the slavic words " jug " ( south ) and " slaveni " ( slavs ) . = = | first yugoslavia | = = {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia }} [[ file : flag of the kingdom of yugoslavia . svg | thumb | right | flag of the kingdom of yugoslavia | ||||
| 26 | 19th century [[ illyrian movement ]] . coined from the slavic words " jug " ( south ) and " slaveni " ( slavs ) . = = first yugoslavia = | = | {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia }} [[ file : flag of the kingdom of yugoslavia . svg | thumb | right | flag of the kingdom of yugoslavia ]] [[ | ||||
| 28 | 000 . subsequent data gathering in the 1980s by historians [[ vladimir žerjavić ]] and [[ bogoljub kočović ]] showed that the actual number of dead was about 1 million . | = = second | yugoslavia = = {{ main | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ file : flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | thumb | right | flag of socialist federal republic | ||||
| 495666744 | 20 | 000 . subsequent data gathering in the 1980s by historians [[ vladimir žerjavić ]] and [[ bogoljub kočović ]] showed that the actual number of dead was about 1 million . | = = second | yugoslavia = = {{ main | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ file : flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | thumb | right | flag of socialist federal republic | |||
| 30 | and gained prominence in the 19th century [[ illyrian movement ]] . coined from the slavic words " jug " ( south ) and " slaveni " ( slavs ) . | = = kingdom of yugoslavia = = | {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia }} [[ file : flag of the kingdom of yugoslavia . svg | thumb | right | flag of the kingdom of yugoslavia ]] [[ | ||||
| 495668696 | 14 | and gained prominence in the 19th century [[ illyrian movement ]] . coined from the slavic words " jug " ( south ) and " slaveni " ( slavs ) . | = = kingdom of yugoslavia = = | {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia }} [[ file : flag of the kingdom of yugoslavia . svg | thumb | right | flag of the kingdom of yugoslavia ]] [[ | |||
| 29 | prominence in the 19th century [[ illyrian movement ]] . coined from the slavic words " jug " ( south ) and " slaveni " ( slavs ) . = = | first yugoslavia | = = {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia }} [[ file : flag of the kingdom of yugoslavia . svg | thumb | right | flag of the kingdom of yugoslavia | ||||
| 30 | 19th century [[ illyrian movement ]] . coined from the slavic words " jug " ( south ) and " slaveni " ( slavs ) . = = first yugoslavia = | = | {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia }} [[ file : flag of the kingdom of yugoslavia . svg | thumb | right | flag of the kingdom of yugoslavia ]] [[ | ||||
| 32 | 000 . subsequent data gathering in the 1980s by historians [[ vladimir žerjavić ]] and [[ bogoljub kočović ]] showed that the actual number of dead was about 1 million . | = = second | yugoslavia = = {{ main | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ file : flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | thumb | right | flag of socialist federal republic | ||||
| 498429134 | 0 | }} [[ category : yugoslavia | ]] [[ category : former countries in the balkans ]] [[ category : former countries in europe ]] [[ category : former slavic countries ]] | [[ category : former monarchies ]] | {{ link ga | no }} [[ af : joego - slawië ]] [[ ar : يوغوسلافيا ]] [[ ast : yugoslavia ]] [[ az : yuqoslaviya ]] [[ be : | |||
| 498483649 | 0 | }} [[ category : yugoslavia | ]] [[ category : former countries in the balkans ]] [[ category : former countries in europe ]] [[ category : former slavic countries ]] | [[ category : former monarchies ]] | {{ link ga | no }} [[ af : joego - slawië ]] [[ ar : يوغوسلافيا ]] [[ ast : yugoslavia ]] [[ az : yuqoslaviya ]] [[ be : | |||
| 507557757 | 0 | ]] report from november 1970 ] * [ http : / / chnm . gmu . edu / 1989 / exhibits / collapse / essay the collapse of communist yugoslavia ] | * {{ americana link | jugoslavia | author = milivoy s . stanoyevich }} | {{ yug - timeline }} {{ coord | 44 | 49 | 14 | n | 20 | 27 | 44 | e | type : city _ source : kolossus | |||
| 517568094 | 0 | {st@rt} {{ about | the former country in the western balkans | the asteroid | 1554 yugoslavia }} {{ use dmy dates | date = | february | october | 2012 }} {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} [[ file : location yugoslavia . png | thumb | right | 300px | ||
| 530921150 | 0 | ]] is formed * 14 december 1995 , [[ dayton agreement ]] is signed by leaders of fr yugoslavia , bosnia and herzegovina and croatia = = new states = = | {{ out of date | section | date = january 2013 }} | {{ multiple image | align = right | direction = vertical | width = 250 | header = | image1 = map of war in yugoslavia , 1992 . png | | |||
| 537097237 | 0 | . the [[ united nations ]] also [[ united nations security council resolution 777 | denied its request to automatically continue the membership of the former state ]] . < ref | name = " mpil . de " | > {{ cite book | url = http : / / www . mpil . de / shared / data / pdf / pdfmpunyb / wood _ 1 . pdf | | |||
| 1 | those aspirations and accepted the opinion of [[ badinter arbitration committee ]] about shared succession , and reapplied for and gained un membership on november 2 , 2000 . < ref | name = " ebrd country promotion programme " | > {{ cite web | title = fr yugoslavia investment profile 2001 | url = http : / / www . fifoost . org / jugoslaw / yugo . pdf | | ||||
| 542253625 | 5 | december 1995 , [[ dayton agreement ]] is signed by leaders of fr yugoslavia , bosnia and herzegovina and croatia = = new states = = {{ out of date | | section | date = january 2013 }} | {{ multiple image | align = right | direction = vertical | width = 250 | header = | image1 = map of war in yugoslavia , 1992 . png | | |||
| 555232598 | 1 | . gmu . edu / 1989 / exhibits / collapse / essay the collapse of communist yugoslavia ] * {{ cite americana | jugoslavia | author = milivoy s . stanoyevich | | short = x | }} {{ yugoslavia topics | state = collapsed }} {{ yug - timeline }} {{ coord | 44 | 49 | 14 | n | 20 | 27 | 44 | | |||
| 578720338 | 2 | relating to ethnicity in today ' s independent states . = = see also = = * [[ history of the balkans ]] * [[ yugoslav wars ]] = = notes | and | references = = {{ reflist | colwidth = 30em }} * {{ loc }} - [ http : / / lcweb2 . loc . gov / frd / cs / yutoc | |||
| 587714715 | 2 | ]] [[ category : former countries in the balkans ]] [[ category : former countries in europe ]] [[ category : former slavic countries ]] [[ category : former monarchies ]] | [[ category : southeastern europe ]] | {{ link ga | no }} | |||
| 588344999 | 0 | ' ( [[ serbo - croatian ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' , југославија ) , | formed | was a country in [[ southeast europe ]] during most of the 20th century . it came into existence after [[ world war i ]] | in 1918 {{ efn - lr | the [[ yugoslav committee ]] , led by [[ dalmatia ]] n [[ croats | croat ]] politician [[ ante trumbić ]] , lobbied | ||
| 610895932 | 1 | right | 150px | [[ yugoslav partisans | partisan ]] [[ stjepan filipović ]] shouting " death to fascism , freedom to the people ! " shortly before his execution ]] | = = = invasion of yugoslavia = = = | {{ main | invasion of yugoslavia }} at 5 : 12 & nbsp ; am on 6 april 1941 , [[ nazi germany | german ]] , [[ italian fascism | | |||
| 620300269 | 0 | pages = }} < / ref > however , he refused to abdicate . marshal tito was now in full control , and all opposition elements were eliminated . < ref | name = " books . google . com " | > {{ cite book | author1 = arnold and wiener | title = cold war : the essential reference guide | url = http : / / books . google . | |||
| 622094154 | 23 | " | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | march 1 , 1992 | april | 6 , | 1992 {{ fact | date = august 2014 }} | march 1 | - | [[ croatia ]] | [[ zagreb ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of | |||
| 26 | < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of croatia . svg | 40px ]] < center > | june 25 , 1991 | october | 8 , | 1991 {{ fact | date = august 2014 }} | june 25 | - | [[ republic of kosovo | kosovo ]] | [[ pristina ]] | < center > [[ | ||||
| 36 | | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of the republic of macedonia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | september 8 , 1991 | april | 8 , | 1993 {{ fact | date = august 2014 }} | september 8 | - | [[ montenegro ]] | [[ podgorica ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of | ||||
| 38 | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of montenegro . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | may | 21 , | 2006 {{ fact | date = august 2014 }} | june 3 , 2006 {{ fact | date = august 2014 }} | may 21 | - | [[ serbia ]] | ||||
| 41 | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of serbia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | may | 22 , | 2006 {{ fact | date = august 2014 }} | june 5 , 2006 {{ fact | date = august 2014 }} | february 15 | - | [[ slovenia ]] | ||||
| 623264992 | 0 | {st@rt} {{ about | the former country in the western balkans | the asteroid | 1554 yugoslavia }} {{ see also | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | | fr yugoslavia | }} {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} [[ file : yugoslavia | |||
| 623267203 | 1 | {st@rt} {{ about | the former country in the western balkans | the asteroid | 1554 yugoslavia }} {{ see also | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | | fr yugoslavia | }} {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} [[ file : history | |||
| 685264591 | 0 | {st@rt} | {{ distinguish | federal republic of yugoslavia }} | {{ about | the former country in the western balkans | the asteroid | 1554 yugoslavia }} {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} {{ pp - semi | |||
| 685357030 | 2 | {st@rt} | {{ distinguish | federal republic of yugoslavia }} | {{ about | the former country in the western balkans | the asteroid | 1554 yugoslavia }} {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} {{ pp - semi | |||
| 685369118 | 0 | {st@rt} | {{ distinguish | federal republic of yugoslavia }} | {{ about | the former country in the western balkans | the asteroid | 1554 yugoslavia }} {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} {{ pp - semi | |||
| 685373368 | 2 | {st@rt} | {{ distinguish | federal republic of yugoslavia }} | {{ about | the former country in the western balkans | the asteroid | 1554 yugoslavia }} {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} {{ pp - semi | |||
| 685440379 | 0 | {st@rt} | {{ distinguish | federal republic of yugoslavia }} | {{ about | the former country in the western balkans | the asteroid | 1554 yugoslavia }} {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} {{ pp - semi | |||
| 685728509 | 0 | {st@rt} {{ distinguish | federal republic of yugoslavia | | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | kingdom of yugoslavia | }} {{ about | the former country in the western balkans | the asteroid | 1554 yugoslavia }} {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} {{ pp - | |||
| 685822972 | 0 | {st@rt} {{ distinguish | federal republic of yugoslavia | | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | kingdom of yugoslavia | }} {{ about | the former country in the western balkans | the asteroid | 1554 yugoslavia }} {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} {{ pp - | |||
| 702550312 | 0 | {st@rt} | ' ' ' | {{ distinguish | federal republic of yugoslavia }} {{ about | the former country in the western balkans | the asteroid | 1554 yugoslavia }} {{ pp - semi | small | |||
| 13 | ' ' , југославија ) was a country in [[ southeast europe ]] during most of the 20th century . it came into existence after [[ world war i ]] in | [[ | 1918 {{ efn - lr | the [[ yugoslav committee ]] , led by [[ dalmatia ]] n [[ croats | croat ]] politician [[ ante trumbić ]] , lobbied the | ||||
| 14 | ' , југославија ) was a country in [[ southeast europe ]] during most of the 20th century . it came into existence after [[ world war i ]] in 1918 | ]] | {{ efn - lr | the [[ yugoslav committee ]] , led by [[ dalmatia ]] n [[ croats | croat ]] politician [[ ante trumbić ]] , lobbied the allies | ||||
| 702589142 | 0 | {st@rt} | ' ' ' | {{ distinguish | federal republic of yugoslavia }} ' ' ' ' ' ' {{ about | the former country in the western balkans | the asteroid | 1554 yugoslavia }} | |||
| 13 | , југославија ) was a country in [[ southeast europe ]] during most of the [[ 20th century ]] . it came into existence after [[ world war i ]] in | [[ | 1918 ]] {{ efn - lr | the [[ yugoslav committee ]] , led by [[ dalmatia ]] n [[ croats | croat ]] politician [[ ante trumbić ]] , lobbied | ||||
| 14 | ) was a country in [[ southeast europe ]] during most of the [[ 20th century ]] . it came into existence after [[ world war i ]] in [[ 1918 | ]] | {{ efn - lr | the [[ yugoslav committee ]] , led by [[ dalmatia ]] n [[ croats | croat ]] politician [[ ante trumbić ]] , lobbied the allies | ||||
| 730832904 | 4 | alex n . dragnich ] * [ http : / / vlib . iue . it / history / europe / yugoslavia . html european university institute yugoslavia ] * [ | https : / / web . archive . org / web / 20121110192905 | maps ] * {{ cite americana | wstitle = jugoslavia | author = milivoy s . stanoyevich | short = x }} * [ https : / / books . google | |||
| 745160001 | 1 | {st@rt} {{ distinguish | federal republic of yugoslavia | ]] | }} {{ about | the former country in the western balkans | the asteroid | 1554 yugoslavia }} {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move | |||
| 745160032 | 1 | {st@rt} {{ distinguish | [[ serbia and montenegro | federal republic of yugoslavia | ]] | }} {{ about | the former country in the western balkans | the asteroid | 1554 yugoslavia }} {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move | |||
| 754475971 | 0 | {st@rt} {{ distinguish | federal republic of yugoslavia | | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | }} {{ about | the former country in the western balkans | the asteroid | 1554 yugoslavia }} {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move | |||
| 754482671 | 0 | {st@rt} | {{ distinguish | federal republic of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} | {{ about | the former country in the western balkans | the asteroid | 1554 yugoslavia }} {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - | |||
| 754485190 | 4 | coat of arms of croatia . svg | 40px ]] | {{ dts | 25 june 1991 }} | {{ dts | 8 october 1991 }} < br / > {{ | | not a member | {{ citation needed | date = august 2014 }} | {{ dts | 25 june }} | - | [[ kosovo ]] | [[ pristina ]] | [[ file : flag | |||
| 10 | arms of the republic of macedonia . svg | 40px ]] | {{ dts | 8 september 1991 }} | {{ dts | 8 april 1993 }} < br / > | < small > ( as fr yugoslavia , membership succeeded by serbia on | {{ dts | 3 june 2006 }} < br / > {{ citation needed | date = august 2014 }} | {{ dts | 21 may }} | - | [[ | ||||
| 13 | | [[ file : coat of arms of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | 40px ]] | {{ dts | 1 march 1992 }} | {{ dts | 6 april 1992 | }} < br / > {{ citation needed | date = august 2014 | }} | {{ dts | 1 march }} | - | [[ croatia ]] | [[ zagreb ]] | [[ file : flag of croatia . svg | 70px | border | ||||
| 18 | arms of the republic of macedonia . svg | 40px ]] | {{ dts | 8 september 1991 }} | {{ dts | 8 april 1993 }} < br / > | {{ citation needed | date = august 2014 }} | | {{ dts | 8 september }} | - | [[ montenegro ]] | [[ podgorica ]] | [[ file : flag of montenegro . svg | 70px | border ]] | ||||
| 763759709 | 0 | {st@rt} {{ about | the former country in the western balkans | | the asteroid | 1554 yugoslavia | }} {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} [[ file : yugoslavia | |||
| 772785767 | 0 | | 70px | border ]] | [[ file : coat of arms of kosovo . svg | 40px ]] | {{ dts | 17 february 2008 }} | not a member | < br / > ( status disputed ) | | {{ dts | 17 february }} | } = = = succession , 1992 – 2003 = = = {{ multiple image | align = right | direction = vertical | |||
| 772785812 | 1 | : coat of arms of kosovo . svg | 40px ]] | {{ dts | 17 february 2008 }} | not a member < br / > ( status disputed ) | < / small > | | {{ dts | 17 february }} | } = = = succession , 1992 – 2003 = = = {{ multiple image | align = right | direction = vertical | |||
| 786261646 | 3 | [[ file : coat of arms of serbia . svg | 40px ]] | {{ dts | 22 may 2006 }} < br / > {{ citation needed | date = | august 2014 | 5 june 2011 | accessdate = 18 june 2017 | }} | {{ dts | 01 11 2000 }} < br > < small > ( as fr yugoslavia , membership succeeded by serbia on {{ dts | 3 june 2006 | ||
| 7 | | 70px | border ]] | [[ file : coat of arms of montenegro . svg | 40px ]] | {{ dts | 21 may 2006 }} < br / > | {{ citation needed | date = august 2014 }} | | {{ dts | 28 06 2006 }} | - | [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] | [[ skopje ]] | [[ file : flag of macedonia . svg | ||||
| 797366123 | 0 | yugoslavia location map . svg | thumb | right | 300px | general location of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( {{ lang - sh | jugoslavija | / | }} / југославија {{ ipa - sh | juɡǒslaːʋija | } } ; {{ lang - sl | jugoslavija }} {{ ipa - sl | juɡɔˈslàːʋija | } } ; {{ | |||
| 807327529 | 0 | october 2012 }} [[ file : yugoslavia location map . svg | thumb | right | 300px | general location of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( | [[ serbo - croatian language | serbo - croatian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] : ' ' | {{ lang - sh | jugoslavija / }} југославија {{ ipa - sh | juɡǒslaːʋija | } } ; {{ lang - sl | jugoslavija }} {{ ipa - sl | | |||
| 4 | yugoslavia location map . svg | thumb | right | 300px | general location of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( {{ lang - sh | jugoslavija | / | }} југославија {{ ipa - sh | juɡǒslaːʋija | } } ; {{ lang - sl | jugoslavija }} {{ ipa - sl | juɡɔˈslàːʋija | } } ; {{ lang | ||||
| 809499570 | 2 | {st@rt} {{ about | the former country in the | western balkans | 1918 - 1941 kingdom | [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] | }} {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} [[ file : yugoslavia | ||
| 819802470 | 10 | www . jurist . org / thisday / 2011 / 06 / serbia - declared - independence . php | title = serbia declared independence | publisher = jurist | date | = 5 june 2011 | accessdate = 18 june 2017 }} < / ref > | of the proclamation of fr yugoslavia | | {{ dts | 01 11 2000 }} < br > < small > ( as fr yugoslavia , membership succeeded by serbia on {{ dts | 3 june 2006 }} | ||
| 819821999 | 4 | _ year2 = | stat _ area2 = | stat _ pop2 = | cctld = [[ . yu ]] | calling _ code = 38 | currency = yugoslav dinar | ]] {{ small | ( 1920 – 1992 ) }} | | today = {{ flag | serbia }} < br / > {{ flag | croatia }} < br / > {{ flag | bosnia and herzegovina }} < br / | |||
| 819822102 | 0 | = | stat _ area2 = | stat _ pop2 = | cctld = [[ . yu ]] | calling _ code = 38 | currency = [[ yugoslav krone ]] | < br / > | {{ small | ( 1918 – 1920 ) }} < br / > [[ yugoslav dinar ]] {{ small | ( 1920 – 1992 ) }} | today = {{ flag | |||
| 1 | ]] | calling _ code = 38 | currency = [[ yugoslav krone ]] {{ small | ( 1918 – 1920 ) }} < br / > [[ yugoslav dinar ]] | < br / > | {{ small | ( 1920 – 1992 ) }} | today = {{ flag | serbia }} < br / > {{ flag | croatia }} < br / > {{ | ||||
| 819822493 | 0 | absolute monarchy ]] {{ small | ( 1929 – 1931 ) }} < br / > [[ federal republic | federal ]] [[ socialist state | socialist ]] [[ republic ]] | < br / > | {{ small | ( 1945 - 1992 ) }} | title _ leader = | leader1 = | year _ leader1 = | event _ start = [[ creation of yugoslavia | |||
| 819856223 | 0 | 1943 – 1992 federation | [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] | the 1918 – 1941 kingdom | [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] }} {{ distinguish | serbia and montenegro | {{ ! | }} {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} {{ infobox former country | |||
| 824490818 | 7 | of yugoslavia ]] | the 1918 – 1941 / 43 kingdom | [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] }} {{ distinguish | serbia and montenegro {{ ! }} federal republic of yugoslavia | }} | {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} {{ infobox former country | | |||
| 842266865 | 3 | yu ]] | calling _ code = 38 | currency = yugoslav dinar | footnotes = | footnotes2 = | today = }} ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( | [[ serbo - croatian language | serbo - croatian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] : ' ' | {{ lang | sh | jugoslavija }} ' ' , југославија ; {{ ipa - sh | juɡǒslaːʋija | } } ) was a country in [[ southeast europe | southeastern | |||
| 4 | - croatian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] : ' ' {{ lang | sh | jugoslavija }} ' ' , југославија | ; | {{ ipa - sh | juɡǒslaːʋija | } } ) was a country in [[ southeast europe | southeastern ]] and [[ central europe ]] for most of the 20th century | ||||
| 842760122 | 1 | in today ' s independent states . = = see also = = * [[ history of the balkans ]] * [[ women in yugoslavia ]] = = notes = = | {{ reflist | group = note }} | {{ reflist | group = lower - roman }} = = references = = {{ reflist | 30em }} * {{ loc }} - [ http : / / lcweb2 . | |||
| 842797481 | 0 | 1941 _ april _ 06 . html | archivedate = 15 october 2009 | df = dmy - all }} < / ref > = = world war ii = = | {{ refimprove section | date = may 2018 }} | {{ main article | world war ii in yugoslavia }} [[ file : stjepan stevo filipović . jpg | thumb | right | upright = 0 . 7 | [[ yugoslav | |||
| 846351997 | 1 | ref > in april 2001 , the five successor states extant at the time drafted an agreement on succession issues , signing the agreement in june 2001 . < ref > | https : / / web . archive . org / web / 20000816214535 / http : / / www . cia . gov : 80 / cia / publications / factbook / sr . html < | {{ cite web | url = http : / / www . dipublico . com . ar / english / yugoslav - agreement - on - succession - issues - 2001 | |||
| 847115357 | 2 | = yugoslavia | continent = europe | era = 20th century | region = southeastern europe | life _ span = 1918 – 1941 < br / > 1945 – 1992 | < br / > {{ nowrap | | {{ small | {{ nobold | 1941 – 1945 : [[ yugoslav government - in - exile | government - in - exile ]] }} }} }} | p1 = | |||
| 847902924 | 5 | = yugoslavia | continent = europe | era = 20th century | region = southeastern europe | life _ span = 1918 – 1941 < br / > 1945 – 1992 | < br / > {{ nowrap | | {{ small | {{ nobold | 1941 – 1945 : [[ yugoslav government - in - exile | government - in - exile ]] }} }} }} | p1 = | |||
| 859418279 | 6 | 1945 – 1992 socialist federation | [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] | the 1992 – 2006 federation and confederation between serbia and montenegro | [[ federal republic of yugoslavia | ]] | }} {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} {{ infobox former country |
| left_string | del_string | ins_string | right_string | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 13049340 | 1 | herzegovina ]] , * [[ croatia ]] , * [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] , * [[ montenegro ]] , * [[ serbia ]] and * [[ slovenia ]] | * [[ vojvodina ]] * [[ kosovo ]] | . the country distanced itself from the soviets in [[ 1948 ]] ( cf . [[ cominform ]] and [[ informbiro ]] ) and started to build its own way to | |
| 17893899 | 0 | herzegovina ]] , * [[ croatia ]] , * [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] , * [[ montenegro ]] , * [[ serbia ]] and * [[ slovenia ]] | ( republics ) ; | * [[ vojvodina ]] * [[ kosovo ]] . the country distanced itself from the soviets in [[ 1948 ]] ( cf . [[ cominform ]] and [[ informbiro ]] ) | |
| 25682758 | 17 | herzegovina ]] , * [[ croatia ]] , * [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] , * [[ montenegro ]] , * [[ serbia ]] and * [[ slovenia ]] | ( republics ) ; | * [[ vojvodina ]] and * [[ kosovo ]] ( autonomous provinces ) . [[ vojvodina ]] and [[ kosovo ]] are part of the republic of [[ serbia ]] . | |
| 56917178 | 0 | : * [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] * [[ croatia ]] * [[ montenegro ]] * [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] * [[ serbia ]] * [[ slovenia ]] | [[ image : former yugoslavia 2006 . png | 700px | thumb | center | countries of former yugoslavia ]] | the first former yugoslav republic that joined the [[ european union ]] was slovenia which applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004 . croatia applied for membership in 2003 | |
| 63331191 | 14 | : * [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] * [[ croatia ]] * [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] * [[ montenegro ]] * [[ serbia ]] * [[ slovenia ]] | and within serbia ' s new reduced borders , the people of the following two regions were granted limited autonomous rights : * | , with capital in | [[ vojvodina ]] * [[ kosovo ]] in 1974 , the two provinces of vojvodina and kosovo as well as the republics of bosnia & herzegovina and montenegro were granted greater |
| 92887025 | 0 | yugoslavia are : * [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] * [[ croatia ]] * [[ montenegro ]] * [[ republic of macedonia ]] * [[ serbia ]] * [[ slovenia ]] | [[ kosovo ]] ( in [[ serbian language | serbian ]] ; [[ kosova ]] in [[ albanian language | albanian ]] ) , a province in southern serbia , is a de - facto [[ protectorate ]] of the [[ un ]] from [[ 1999 ]] . | the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , which applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004 . croatia applied for membership in | |
| 94995394 | 9 | legend | # fe0000 | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia , federal republic of yugoslavia , serbia and montenegro , serbia }} {{ legend | # ffff00 | [[ slovenia ]] | . | }} {{ legend | # 0000fe | [[ croatia ]] }} {{ legend | # 800080 | [[ republic of macedonia ]] }} {{ legend | # 008000 | [[ bosnia | |
| 144217346 | 0 | yugoslavia are : * [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] * [[ croatia ]] * [[ montenegro ]] * [[ republic of macedonia ]] * [[ serbia ]] * [[ slovenia ]] | [[ kosovo ]] ( ' ' kosovo ' ' in [[ serbian language | serbian ]] ; ' ' kosova ' ' in [[ albanian language | albanian ]] ) , a province in southern serbia , is a de - facto [[ protectorate ]] of the [[ united nations | un ]] since [[ 1999 ]] . | the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , which applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004 . croatia applied for membership in | |
| 192042353 | 0 | yugoslavia are : * [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] * [[ croatia ]] * [[ montenegro ]] * [[ republic of macedonia ]] * [[ serbia ]] * [[ slovenia ]] | as of 17 february 2008 , [[ kosovo ]] was expected to declare its independence from serbia . | the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , which applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004 . croatia applied for membership in | |
| 192070886 | 0 | yugoslavia are : * [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] * [[ croatia ]] * [[ montenegro ]] * [[ republic of macedonia ]] * [[ serbia ]] * [[ slovenia ]] | as of | on | 17 february 2008 , [[ kosovo ]] was expected to declare its independence from serbia . the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , |
| 192075557 | 16 | yugoslavia are : * [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] * [[ croatia ]] * [[ montenegro ]] * [[ republic of macedonia ]] * [[ serbia ]] * [[ slovenia ]] | on | as of | 17 february 2008 , [[ kosovo ]] was expected to declare its independence from serbia . the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , |
| 192077060 | 0 | yugoslavia are : * [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] * [[ croatia ]] * [[ montenegro ]] * [[ republic of macedonia ]] * [[ serbia ]] * [[ slovenia ]] | as of 17 february 2008 , [[ kosovo ]] was expected to declare its independence from serbia . | * [[ kosovo ]] | the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , which applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004 . croatia applied for membership in |
| 192077462 | 2 | yugoslavia are : * [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] * [[ croatia ]] * [[ montenegro ]] * [[ republic of macedonia ]] * [[ serbia ]] * [[ slovenia ]] | * [[ kosovo ]] | on 17 february 2008 , [[ kosovo ]] declared its independence from serbia . | the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , which applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004 . croatia applied for membership in |
| 192083265 | 1 | yugoslavia are : * [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] * [[ croatia ]] * [[ montenegro ]] * [[ republic of macedonia ]] * [[ serbia ]] * [[ slovenia ]] | in addition , on 17 february 2008 , [[ kosovo ]] declared its independence from serbia . | the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , which applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004 . croatia applied for membership in | |
| 192196385 | 0 | yugoslavia are : * [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] * [[ croatia ]] * [[ montenegro ]] * [[ republic of macedonia ]] * [[ serbia ]] * [[ slovenia ]] | * [[ kosovo ]] | in addition , on 17 february 2008 , [[ kosovo ]] declared its independence from serbia . the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was slovenia | |
| 192455066 | 1 | yugoslavia are : * [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] * [[ croatia ]] * [[ montenegro ]] * [[ republic of macedonia ]] * [[ serbia ]] * [[ slovenia ]] | * [[ kosovo ]] | in addition , on 17 february 2008 , [[ kosovo ]] declared its independence from serbia . the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was slovenia | |
| 192911741 | 1 | yugoslavia are : * [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] * [[ croatia ]] * [[ montenegro ]] * [[ republic of macedonia ]] * [[ serbia ]] * [[ slovenia ]] | in addition , on [[ 17 february ]] [[ 2008 ]] , [[ kosovo ]] unilaterally declared its independence from serbia . | the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , which applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004 . croatia applied for membership in | |
| 195089858 | 0 | yugoslavia are : * [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] * [[ croatia ]] * [[ montenegro ]] * [[ republic of macedonia ]] * [[ serbia ]] * [[ slovenia ]] | * [[ kosovo ]] | the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , which applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004 . croatia applied for membership in | |
| 195135413 | 0 | yugoslavia are : * [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] * [[ croatia ]] * [[ montenegro ]] * [[ republic of macedonia ]] * [[ serbia ]] * [[ slovenia ]] | * [[ kosovo ]] | the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , which applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004 . croatia applied for membership in | |
| 196146537 | 0 | yugoslavia are : * [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] * [[ croatia ]] * [[ montenegro ]] * [[ republic of macedonia ]] * [[ serbia ]] * [[ slovenia ]] | * [[ kosovo ]] | the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , which applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004 . croatia applied for membership in | |
| 198660395 | 0 | yugoslavia are : * [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] * [[ croatia ]] * [[ montenegro ]] * [[ republic of macedonia ]] * [[ serbia ]] * [[ slovenia ]] | * [[ kosovo ]] | the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , which applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004 . croatia applied for membership in | |
| 199683714 | 0 | [[ croatia ]] * [[ kosovo ]] ( pending full international recognition ) * [[ montenegro ]] * [[ republic of macedonia ]] * [[ serbia ]] * [[ slovenia ]] | * [[ kosovo ]] | the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , which applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004 . croatia applied for membership in | |
| 199698922 | 0 | [[ croatia ]] * [[ kosovo ]] ( pending full international recognition ) * [[ montenegro ]] * [[ republic of macedonia ]] * [[ serbia ]] * [[ slovenia ]] | * [[ kosovo ]] | the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , which applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004 . croatia applied for membership in | |
| 209720734 | 0 | [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] * [[ croatia ]] * [[ montenegro ]] * [[ republic of macedonia ]] * [[ serbia ]] * [[ kosovo ]] * [[ slovenia ]] | as well as the partially reconised state | [[ kosovo ]] * [[ slovenia ]] the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , which applied in 1996 and became a member in | |
| 210295199 | 1 | : * [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] * [[ croatia ]] * [[ montenegro ]] * [[ macedonia | republic of macedonia ]] * [[ serbia ]] * [[ slovenia ]] | * [[ vojvodina ]] | the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , which applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004 . croatia applied for membership in | |
| 6 | : * [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] * [[ croatia ]] * [[ montenegro ]] * [[ macedonia | republic of macedonia ]] * [[ serbia ]] * [[ slovenia ]] | as well as the partially reconised state | [[ kosovo ]] the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , which applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004 . croatia applied | ||
| 210316137 | 0 | and herzegovina ]] * [[ croatia ]] * [[ kosovo ]] * [[ montenegro ]] * [[ macedonia | republic of macedonia ]] * [[ serbia ]] * [[ slovenia ]] | as well as the partially reconised state | [[ kosovo ]] * [[ montenegro ]] * [[ macedonia | republic of macedonia ]] * [[ serbia ]] * [[ slovenia ]] * [[ vojvodina ]] the first former yugoslav | |
| 4 | and herzegovina ]] * [[ croatia ]] * [[ kosovo ]] * [[ montenegro ]] * [[ macedonia | republic of macedonia ]] * [[ serbia ]] * [[ slovenia ]] | * [[ vojvodina ]] | the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , which applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004 . croatia applied for membership in | ||
| 210766272 | 2 | yugoslavia are : * [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] * [[ croatia ]] * [[ montenegro ]] * [[ republic of macedonia ]] * [[ serbia ]] * [[ slovenia ]] | * [[ vojvodina ]] | the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , which applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004 . croatia applied for membership in | |
| 6 | yugoslavia are : * [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] * [[ croatia ]] * [[ montenegro ]] * [[ republic of macedonia ]] * [[ serbia ]] * [[ slovenia ]] | as well as the partially reconised state | [[ kosovo ]] the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , which applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004 . croatia applied | ||
| 210766951 | 1 | kosovo | kosovo ( republic of kosovo ) ]] * [[ montenegro ]] * [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] * [[ serbia ]] * [[ slovenia ]] * [[ | vojvodina | asutonomous province of | vojvodina ]] the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , which applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004 . croatia applied for | |
| 210773864 | 0 | [[ croatia ]] * [[ kosovo | republic of kosovo ]] * [[ montenegro ]] * [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] * [[ serbia ]] * [[ slovenia ]] | as well as the partially reconised state | [[ kosovo | republic of kosovo ]] * [[ montenegro ]] * [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] * [[ serbia ]] * [[ slovenia ]] * [[ vojvodina | | |
| 7 | [[ croatia ]] * [[ kosovo | republic of kosovo ]] * [[ montenegro ]] * [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] * [[ serbia ]] * [[ slovenia ]] | * [[ vojvodina | autonomous province of vojvodina ]] | the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , which applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004 . croatia applied for membership in | ||
| 220402390 | 0 | : * [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] * [[ croatia ]] * [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] * [[ montenegro ]] * [[ serbia ]] * [[ slovenia ]] | as well as the partially recognised state [[ kosovo ]] | the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , which applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004 . croatia applied for membership in | |
| 220845826 | 0 | : * [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] * [[ croatia ]] * [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] * [[ montenegro ]] * [[ serbia ]] * [[ slovenia ]] | * [[ kosovo ]] | the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , which applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004 . croatia applied for membership in | |
| 221230382 | 0 | : * [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] * [[ croatia ]] * [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] * [[ montenegro ]] * [[ serbia ]] * [[ slovenia ]] | * [[ kosovo ]] | the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , which applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004 . croatia applied for membership in | |
| 221231653 | 1 | : * [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] * [[ croatia ]] * [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] * [[ montenegro ]] * [[ serbia ]] * [[ slovenia ]] | * [[ kosovo ]] | the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , which applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004 . croatia applied for membership in | |
| 221674887 | 0 | : * [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] * [[ croatia ]] * [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] * [[ montenegro ]] * [[ serbia ]] * [[ slovenia ]] | * [[ kosovo ]] | the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , which applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004 . croatia applied for membership in | |
| 221776536 | 0 | : * [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] * [[ croatia ]] * [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] * [[ montenegro ]] * [[ serbia ]] * [[ slovenia ]] | * [[ kosovo ]] | the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , which applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004 . croatia applied for membership in | |
| 227378427 | 0 | : * [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] * [[ croatia ]] * [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] * [[ montenegro ]] * [[ serbia ]] * [[ slovenia ]] | * [[ kosovo ]] | the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , which applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004 . croatia applied for membership in | |
| 227378565 | 0 | : * [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] * [[ croatia ]] * [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] * [[ montenegro ]] * [[ serbia ]] * [[ slovenia ]] | * [[ kosovo ]] | the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , which applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004 . croatia applied for membership in | |
| 231799393 | 0 | : * [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] * [[ croatia ]] * [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] * [[ montenegro ]] * [[ serbia ]] * [[ slovenia ]] | * [[ kosovo ]] | the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , which applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004 . croatia applied for membership in | |
| 231801557 | 0 | : * [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] * [[ croatia ]] * [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] * [[ montenegro ]] * [[ serbia ]] * [[ slovenia ]] | * [[ kosovo ]] | the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , which applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004 . croatia applied for membership in | |
| 238599733 | 0 | flag of montenegro . svg | [[ montenegro ]] image : flag of serbia . svg | [[ serbia ]] image : flag of slovenia . svg | [[ slovenia ]] | image : flag of kosovo . svg | [[ kosovo ]] | < / gallery > = = = remaining cultural and ethnic ties = = = the similarity of the languages and the long history of common life have left many ties | |
| 238651539 | 1 | flag of montenegro . svg | [[ montenegro ]] image : flag of serbia . svg | [[ serbia ]] image : flag of slovenia . svg | [[ slovenia ]] | image : flag of kosovo . svg | [[ kosovo ]] | < / gallery > = = = remaining cultural and ethnic ties = = = the similarity of the languages and the long history of common life have left many ties | |
| 243843229 | 0 | flag of montenegro . svg | [[ montenegro ]] image : flag of serbia . svg | [[ serbia ]] image : flag of slovenia . svg | [[ slovenia ]] | image : flag of kosovo . svg | [[ kosovo ]] | < / gallery > = = = remaining cultural and ethnic ties = = = the similarity of the languages and the long history of common life have left many ties | |
| 244910779 | 0 | flag of montenegro . svg | [[ montenegro ]] image : flag of serbia . svg | [[ serbia ]] image : flag of slovenia . svg | [[ slovenia ]] | image : flag of kosovo . svg | [[ kosovo ]] | < / gallery > = = = remaining cultural and ethnic ties = = = the similarity of the languages and the long history of common life have left many ties | |
| 244912095 | 0 | flag of montenegro . svg | [[ montenegro ]] image : flag of serbia . svg | [[ serbia ]] image : flag of slovenia . svg | [[ slovenia ]] | image : flag of kosovo . svg | [[ kosovo ]] | < / gallery > = = = remaining cultural and ethnic ties = = = the similarity of the languages and the long history of common life have left many ties | |
| 295388268 | 24 | < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of serbia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | [[ slovenia ]] | | | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ ljubljana ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of slovenia . svg | 70px | border | |
| 467907565 | 17 | center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of serbia and montenegro . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | [[ slovenia ]] | belgrade ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of serbia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of serbia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | [[ republic of | | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ ljubljana ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of slovenia . svg | 70px | | |
| 542264962 | 7 | / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of serbia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | [[ slovenia ]] | | may 22 , 2006 | june 5 , 2006 | february 15 | | - | [[ slovenia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ ljubljana ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of | |
| 20 | / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of serbia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | [[ slovenia ]] | | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | | [[ ljubljana ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of slovenia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file |
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| 642225 | 2 | ' ' ' in [[ 2002 ]] , serbia and montenegro came to a new agreement regarding continued cooperation , which , among other changes , promised the end of yugoslavia | in favor | . on 4th february , 2003 the federal parliament | of ' ' ' [[ serbia and montenegro ]] ' ' ' . < b > [[ country codes | country code ]] ( top level domain ) : < / | |
| 3 | in [[ 2002 ]] , serbia and montenegro came to a new agreement regarding continued cooperation , which , among other changes , promised the end of yugoslavia in favor of | yugoslavia agreed to independence of [[ serbia ]] and [[ montenegro ]] within a lose commonwealth called | ' ' ' [[ serbia and montenegro ]] ' ' ' . < b > [[ country codes | country code ]] ( top level domain ) : < / b | |||
| 1278009 | 1 | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ' ' ' from 1963 to 1992 . * [[ federal republic of yugoslavia | republic of yugoslavia ]] , which exists from 1992 , under | names | the name | : * * ' ' ' federal republic of yugoslavia ' ' ' , from 1992 to [[ 2003 ]] , * * ' ' ' serbia and montenegro ' ' | |
| 1278010 | 1 | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ' ' ' from 1963 to 1992 . * [[ federal republic of yugoslavia | republic of yugoslavia ]] , which existed from 1992 , under | the name | names | : * * ' ' ' federal republic of yugoslavia ' ' ' , from 1992 to [[ 2003 ]] , when it was renamed [[ serbia and montenegro ]] . | |
| 1298298 | 12 | [[ 1929 ]] , * [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] from 1929 to [[ 1941 ]] * [[ democratic federal yugoslavia ]] , from [[ 1945 ]] to [[ 1946 ]] | , * [[ | changed its name to the ' ' ' | federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ]] from 1946 to [[ 1963 ]] , * [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] from 1963 to [[ 1992 ]] * federal | |
| 1338233 | 3 | . the new union of two states is called [[ serbia and montenegro ]] . < b > [[ country codes | country code ]] ( top level domain ) : | < / b > | ' ' ' | yu = = related articles = = * [[ history of yugoslavia ]] | |
| 1379097 | 0 | in [[ 2003 ]] remade its internal structure into a loose commonwealth and changed its name to [[ serbia and montenegro ]] . [[ country codes | country code ]] : | yu | ' ' ' yu = = see also : = = * [[ history of yugoslavia ]] | ||
| 1984503 | 1 | . the first was a [[ monarchy | kingdom ]] formed in [[ 1918 ]] under name ' ' ' kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ' ' ' , | whose name changed name to | which was re - named | the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' in [[ 1929 ]] and existed under that name until it was invaded in [[ 1941 ]] by [[ | |
| 3 | invaded in [[ 1941 ]] by [[ axis powers ]] . the second was a [[ communist state ]] established immediately after [[ world war ii ]] in [[ 1945 ]] | under the name | as | ' ' ' democratic federal yugoslavia ' ' ' , which in [[ 1946 ]] changed its name to the ' ' ' federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ' | ||
| 4 | ]] established immediately after [[ world war ii ]] in [[ 1945 ]] under the name ' ' ' democratic federal yugoslavia ' ' ' , which in [[ 1946 ]] | changed its name | became the ' ' ' federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ' ' ' and in [[ 1963 ]] the ' ' ' [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' , which it was called from [[ 1991 ]] | to the ' ' ' federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ' ' ' and again in [[ 1963 ]] to the ' ' ' [[ socialist federal republic of | ||
| 2242101 | 0 | [[ 2003 ]] , yugoslavia was officially abolished when the two republics formed a loose commonwealth called [[ serbia and montenegro ]] . [[ country codes | country code ]] : | yu | scg | ' ' ' see also ' ' ' [[ history of yugoslavia ]] | |
| 2344684 | 0 | [[ 2003 ]] , yugoslavia was officially abolished when the two republics formed a loose commonwealth called [[ serbia and montenegro ]] . [[ country codes | country code ]] : | scg | yu | ' ' ' see also ' ' ' [[ history of yugoslavia ]] | |
| 2344705 | 0 | [[ 2003 ]] , yugoslavia was officially abolished when the two republics formed a loose commonwealth called [[ serbia and montenegro ]] . [[ country codes | country code ]] : | yu | scg ( since 2003 ) | ' ' ' see also ' ' ' [[ history of yugoslavia ]] | |
| 2345093 | 0 | [[ 2003 ]] , yugoslavia was officially abolished when the two republics formed a loose commonwealth called [[ serbia and montenegro ]] . [[ country codes | country code ]] : | scg | ' ' yu ' ' | ( since 2003 ) ' ' ' see also ' ' ' [[ history of yugoslavia ]] | |
| 1 | ]] , yugoslavia was officially abolished when the two republics formed a loose commonwealth called [[ serbia and montenegro ]] . [[ country codes | country code ]] : scg ( | since | to | 2003 ) ' ' ' see also ' ' ' [[ history of yugoslavia ]] | ||
| 2 | was officially abolished when the two republics formed a loose commonwealth called [[ serbia and montenegro ]] . [[ country codes | country code ]] : scg ( since 2003 ) | , now ' ' scg ' ' | ' ' ' see also ' ' ' [[ history of yugoslavia ]] | |||
| 2447379 | 0 | was officially abolished when the two republics formed a loose commonwealth called [[ serbia and montenegro ]] . [[ country codes | country code ]] : ' ' yu ' ' | ( to 2003 ) , now | . serbia and montenegro ' s country codes are | ' ' scg ' ' ' ' ' see also ' ' ' [[ history of yugoslavia ]] | |
| 1 | called [[ serbia and montenegro ]] . [[ country codes | country code ]] : ' ' yu ' ' ( to 2003 ) , now ' ' scg ' ' | / ' ' cs ' ' . | ' ' ' see also ' ' ' [[ history of yugoslavia ]] | |||
| 2946249 | 4 | serbia ]] and [[ montenegro ]] . in [[ 2003 ]] , yugoslavia was officially abolished when the two republics formed a loose commonwealth called [[ serbia and montenegro ]] . | [[ country codes | country code ]] : ' ' yu ' ' . serbia and montenegro ' s country codes are ' ' scg ' ' / ' ' cs ' ' . | ' ' ' see also ' ' ' [[ history of yugoslavia ]] [[ da : jugoslavien ]] [[ de : jugoslawien ]] [[ fr : yougoslavie ]] [[ nl : | ||
| 7912384 | 0 | the european union ]] = = miscellaneous = = [[ asteroid ]] [[ 1554 yugoslavia ]] is discovered by [[ milorad b . protitch ]] and named after first yugoslavia . | { | [[ country codes | country code ]] : ' ' ' yu = = related articles = = * [[ history of yugoslavia ]] | ||
| 1377783 | 1 | to [[ serbia and montenegro ]] . [[ country codes | country code ]] : ' ' ' yu = = related articles = = * [[ history of yugoslavia ]] | = = | |||
| 1379097 | 2 | [[ serbia and montenegro ]] . [[ country codes | country code ]] : ' ' ' yu = = see also : = = * [[ history of yugoslavia ]] | ' ' this is not a [[ wikipedia : disambiguation | disambiguation ]] page ; that is , one that just points to other pages that might otherwise have the same name . but anyway , some links that point here should rather point to the appropriate specific page , so if you followed such a link here , you might want to go back and fix that link . ' ' | |||
| 1379155 | 1 | in [[ 1918 ]] under name ' ' ' kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ' ' ' , whose name changed name to the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] | ' ' ' | in [[ 1929 ]] and existed under that name until it was invaded in [[ 1941 ]] by [[ axis powers ]] . the second was a [[ communist state ]] | ||
| 1467414 | 0 | its name to [[ serbia and montenegro ]] . [[ country codes | country code ]] : yu ' ' ' see also ' ' ' [[ history of yugoslavia ]] | ' ' this is not a [[ wikipedia : disambiguation | disambiguation ]] page ; that is , one that just points to other pages that might otherwise have the same name . but anyway , some links that point here should rather point to the appropriate specific page , so if you followed such a link here , you might want to go back and fix that link . ' ' | |||
| 2184776 | 14 | , when four of its six constituent republics [[ slovenia ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] and [[ bosnia - herzegovina ]] separated . | as a result , | a federation called the ' ' ' federal republic of yugoslavia ' ' ' was formed between the remaining republics of [[ serbia ]] and [[ montenegro ]] , which in | ||
| 3146202 | 0 | and [[ montenegro ]] . in [[ 2003 ]] , name yugoslavia was officially abolished when the state was transformed into a loose commonwealth called [[ serbia and montenegro ]] . | ' ' ' | = = | see also ' ' ' [[ history of yugoslavia ]] [[ da : jugoslavien ]] [[ de : jugoslawien ]] [[ et : jugoslaavia ]] [[ fr : yougoslavie ]] [[ | |
| 3359388 | 1 | [[ 1945 ]] as ' ' ' democratic federal yugoslavia ' ' ' , which in [[ 1946 ]] became the ' ' ' federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia | ( fpry ) | ' ' ' and in [[ 1963 ]] the ' ' ' [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' . this remained in place until [[ 1992 ]] | ||
| 5413045 | 0 | and [[ montenegro ]] . in [[ 2003 ]] , name yugoslavia was officially abolished when the state was transformed into a loose commonwealth called [[ serbia and montenegro ]] . | = = former republics in european union = = the first former yugoslav republic that joined the [[ european union ]] was slovenia which applied in [[ 1996 ]] and became a member in [[ 2004 ]] . croatia applied for membership in [[ 2003 ]] , and could join before [[ 2010 ]] . macedonia applied in 2004 , and will probably join by 2010 - [[ 2015 ]] . the remaining three republics have yet to apply so their acceptance generally isn ' t expected before 2015 . see also : [[ enlargement of the european union ]] | = = see also = = * [[ history of yugoslavia ]] {{ sfry }} [[ da : jugoslavien ]] [[ de : jugoslawien ]] [[ et : jugoslaavia ]] [[ | ||
| 7346200 | 0 | the european union ]] = = miscellaneous = = [[ asteroid ]] [[ 1554 yugoslavia ]] is discovered by [[ milorad b . protitch ]] and named after first yugoslavia . | [[ category : yugoslavia | * ]] | [[ category : former countries ]] [[ da : jugoslavien ]] [[ de : jugoslawien ]] [[ et : jugoslaavia ]] [[ fr : yougoslavie ]] [[ he : & # | ||
| 7346213 | 1 | [[ montenegro ]] . in [[ 2003 ]] , the name yugoslavia was officially abolished when the state was transformed into a loose commonwealth called [[ serbia and montenegro ]] . | = = = = ]] ]] ]] | see also : [[ history of yugoslavia ]] = = legacy = = the present - day countries created from the former parts of yugoslavia are : * [[ bosnia and | ||
| 7346221 | 1 | [[ montenegro ]] . in [[ 2003 ]] , the name yugoslavia was officially abolished when the state was transformed into a loose commonwealth called [[ serbia and montenegro ]] . | = = = = ]] ]] ]] | see also : [[ history of yugoslavia ]] = = legacy = = the present - day countries created from the former parts of yugoslavia are : * [[ bosnia and | ||
| 8640415 | 0 | [[ montenegro ]] . in [[ 2003 ]] , the name yugoslavia was officially abolished when the state was transformed into a loose commonwealth called [[ serbia and montenegro ]] . | = = origins = = probably the first " official " mention of the term yugoslav ( as opposed to simply [[ slavic peoples | south slav ]] ) was the forming of the group of advocates of a joint country of south slavs , by politicians from [[ croatia ]] and [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , which were then both in the [[ austro - hungarian monarchy ]] . on [[ november 22 ]] , [[ 1914 ]] , [[ ante trumbic | ante trumbi & # 263 ; ]] , [[ frano supilo ]] , [[ ivan mestrovic | ivan me & # 353 ; trovi & # 263 ; ]] , [[ hinko hinkovic | hinko hinkovi & # 263 ; ]] and [[ franko potocnjak | franko poto & # 269 ; njak ]] from croatia and [[ nikola stojanovic | nikola stojanovi & # 263 ; ]] and [[ dusan vasiljevic | du & # 353 ; an vasiljevi & # 263 ; ]] from bosnia and herzegovina first met with [[ pavle popovic | pavle popovi & # 263 ; ]] , a representative of [[ nikola pasic | nikola pa & # 353 ; i & # 263 ; ]] ' s [[ serbia ]] n government , on neutral ground in [[ florence ]] , [[ italy ]] , in an effort to coordinate their efforts towards building an independent state of western south slavs . [[ lujo vojnovic | lujo vojnovi & # 263 ; ]] was also present as an observer from the kingdom of [[ montenegro ]] . the new " yugoslav " cause ( from ' ' jugoslav ' ' , meaning " southern slav " ) was receiving an increasing amount of support : in the western states , the people were generally tired of austria - hungary and a union with the eastern states was probably seen as the best way to come out of the [[ anomie ]] caused by the [[ world war i | great war ]] . even the large [[ diaspora ]] s , known for their [[ nostalgia ]] and [[ patriotism ]] , started supporting the new idea . the [[ yugoslav committee ]] ( ' ' jugoslavenski odbor ' ' ) was officially formed on [[ april 30 ]] th , [[ 1915 ]] in [[ london ]] , and the aforementioned politicians were its members . the committee and the kingdom of serbia subsequently signed the [[ corfu declaration ]] on [[ july 20 ]] , [[ 1917 ]] that declared their desire to form a new joint kingdom . = = first yugoslavia = = the goals of the yugoslav committee were partly reached by the end of the [[ world war i | first world war ]] in [[ 1918 ]] , when austria - hungary disintegrated , and the south slavs organized into the [[ state of slovenes , croats and serbs ]] . this short - lived state soon , on [[ december 1 ]] , [[ 1918 ]] , joined [[ serbia ]] and [[ montenegro ]] to form " the [[ kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ]] " . on [[ june 28 ]] [[ 1921 ]] , & mdash ; a day of historical importance to serbs ( | see also : [[ history of yugoslavia ]] = = legacy = = the present - day countries created from the former parts of yugoslavia are : * [[ bosnia and | ||
| 1 | montenegro ]] . in [[ 2003 ]] , the name yugoslavia was officially abolished when the state was transformed into a loose commonwealth called [[ serbia and montenegro ]] . see | [[ vidovdan ]] ) & mdash ; parliament ( ' ' skup & # 353 ; tina ' ' ) passed a new constitution despite a boycott from croatian mps . the constitution centralized political authority and strengthened the power of the royal government in belgrade . in 1928 , [[ punisa racic | puni & # 353 ; a ra & # 269 ; i & # 263 ; ]] , an ethnic serbian nationalist leader from montenegro , shot and killed croatian peasant party leader [[ stjepan radic | stjepan radi & # 263 ; ]] in the parliament chambers . king [[ alexander of yugoslavia | aleksandar ]] used the shooting as a pretext to strengthen his power and on [[ january 6 ]] , [[ 1929 ]] he suspended the constitution , dissolved the ' ' skup & # 353 ; tina ' ' and proclaimed a royal dictatorship . he went on to reorganize the regional divisions within the country and renamed it the ' ' [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' . all national identities except " yugoslav " were abolished . yugoslavia became a highly [[ militarism | militarized ]] state , which spawned several insurgent nationalist groups opposed to the royal dictatorship . the king was highly unpopular , particularly among non - serbs , and while on a visit to [[ marseille ]] , [[ france ]] in [[ 1934 ]] , he was assassinated by [[ vmro | macedonian nationalists ]] . in the beginning of [[ world war ii ]] , yugoslavia was pressured by [[ germany ]] and [[ italy ]] to join the [[ axis powers ]] . italy was mired in an inconclusive war with [[ history of greece | greece ]] , and before germany committed its forces to the greek campaign , it wanted to secure yugoslavia ' s support . [[ pavle karadjordjevic | royal regent paul ]] submitted to the fascist pressure and signed the [[ tripartite treaty ]] in [[ vienna ]] on [[ march 25 ]] , [[ 1941 ]] , hoping to still keep yugoslavia out of the war . but this was at the expense of popular support for paul ' s regency . senior military officers were | also : [[ history of yugoslavia ]] = = legacy = = the present - day countries created from the former parts of yugoslavia are : * [[ bosnia and herzegovina | |||
| 8718538 | 15 | that were opposing the occupation and were ' ' de facto ' ' rulers on the liberated territories , but also denied supremacy of the old [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] | government . westerner attempts to reunite partisans | , | and emigration loyal to the king led to the [[ tito - subasic agreement ]] in june [[ 1944 ]] , however tito was seen as a national hero by the | |
| 8778698 | 4 | | same country ]] . slovenia and croatia declared independence from yugoslavia in [[ 1991 ]] ; macedonia followed in [[ 1992 ]] together with bosnia - herzegovina , albeit only | by | two out of three constitutive peoples , bosniaks and croats . secession of the new - formed states marked the beginning of the bloody and gruesome [[ yugoslav wars ]] . | ||
| 9383013 | 11 | tie somewhat delayed escalation of conflicts , but not for long . following the first multi - party election results , republics of slovenia and croatia proposed to transform yugoslavia into | a | loose confederation of six republics in autumn 1990 , however [[ slobodan milosevic | milo & # 353 ; evi & # 263 ; ]] rejected all such proposals with an | ||
| 12429233 | 5 | ]] , * [[ croatia ]] , * [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] , * [[ montenegro ]] , * [[ serbia ]] and * [[ slovenia ]] . | the yugoslav authorities established a new " nation " in the republic of macedonia by making the ethnic bulgarian majority become " macedonians " . a new language and a new falsified history were designed in order to legitimize the " macedonian nation " . those who opposed this ethnic cleansing policy were either killed or sent to the notorious [[ goli otok ]] [[ concentration camp ]] on a barren island in the [[ adriatic sea ]] . | the country distanced itself from the soviets in [[ 1948 ]] ( cf . [[ cominform ]] and [[ informbiro ]] ) and started to build its own way to [[ | ||
| 12432682 | 6 | ]] , * [[ croatia ]] , * [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] , * [[ montenegro ]] , * [[ serbia ]] and * [[ slovenia ]] . | the yugoslav authorities established a new " nation " in the republic of macedonia by making the ethnic bulgarian majority become " macedonians " . a new language and a new falsified history were designed in order to legitimize the " macedonian nation " . those who opposed this ethnic cleansing policy were either killed or sent to the notorious [[ goli otok ]] [[ concentration camp ]] on a barren island in the [[ adriatic sea ]] . | the country distanced itself from the soviets in [[ 1948 ]] ( cf . [[ cominform ]] and [[ informbiro ]] ) and started to build its own way to [[ | ||
| 13337436 | 0 | formed on [[ april 30 ]] th , [[ 1915 ]] in [[ london ]] , and the aforementioned politicians were its members . the committee and the kingdom of serbia | ( in exile ) | subsequently signed the [[ corfu declaration ]] on [[ july 20 ]] , [[ 1917 ]] that declared their desire to form a new joint kingdom . = = the first | ||
| 13337531 | 0 | [[ montenegro ]] . in [[ 2003 ]] , the name yugoslavia was officially abolished when the state was transformed into a loose commonwealth called [[ serbia and montenegro ]] . | ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( ' ' jugoslavija ' ' in all [[ south slavic languages ]] ) is a term used for three separate but successive political entities that existed during most of the [[ 20th century ]] on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in [[ europe ]] . translated , the name means ' ' land of the south [[ slavs ]] ' ' ( ' ' jug ' ' in the word ' ' jugoslavija ' ' means south ) . * the first was a [[ monarchy | kingdom ]] formed in [[ 1918 ]] as the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ]] ' ' ' , which was re - named the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' in [[ 1929 ]] and existed under that name until it was invaded in [[ 1941 ]] by the [[ axis powers ]] . * the second was a [[ socialist state ]] established immediately after [[ world war ii ]] in [[ 1945 ]] as ' ' ' democratic federal yugoslavia ( dfy ) ' ' ' , which in [[ 1946 ]] became the ' ' ' federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ( fpry ) ' ' ' and in [[ april 7 ]] [[ 1963 ]] the ' ' ' [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( sfry ) ' ' ' . this remained in place until [[ 1992 ]] , by which time four of its six constituent republics - [[ slovenia ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] and [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] - had seceded . * the third was called ' ' ' [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( fry ) ' ' ' and was formed in [[ 1992 ]] on the territory of the remaining republics of [[ serbia ]] ( including the autonomous provinces of [[ vojvodina ]] and of [[ kosovo ]] , officially known as kosovo and [[ metohija ]] ) and [[ montenegro ]] . in [[ 2003 ]] , the name yugoslavia was officially abolished when the state was transformed into a loose commonwealth called [[ serbia and montenegro ]] . | = = origins = = probably the first " official " mention of the term yugoslav ( as opposed to simply [[ slavic peoples | south slav ]] ) was the | ||
| 13672323 | 2 | [[ montenegro ]] . in [[ 2003 ]] , the name yugoslavia was officially abolished when the state was transformed into a loose commonwealth called [[ serbia and montenegro ]] . | ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( ' ' jugoslavija ' ' in all [[ south slavic languages ]] ) is a term used for three separate but successive political entities that existed during most of the [[ 20th century ]] on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in [[ europe ]] . translated , the name means ' ' land of the south [[ slavs ]] ' ' ( ' ' jug ' ' in the word ' ' jugoslavija ' ' means south ) . * the first was a [[ monarchy | kingdom ]] formed in [[ 1918 ]] as the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ]] ' ' ' , which was re - named the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' in [[ 1929 ]] and existed under that name until it was invaded in [[ 1941 ]] by the [[ axis powers ]] . * the second was a [[ socialist state ]] established immediately after [[ world war ii ]] in [[ 1945 ]] as ' ' ' democratic federal yugoslavia ( dfy ) ' ' ' , which in [[ 1946 ]] became the ' ' ' federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ( fpry ) ' ' ' and in [[ april 7 ]] [[ 1963 ]] the ' ' ' [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( sfry ) ' ' ' . this remained in place until [[ 1992 ]] , by which time four of its six constituent republics - [[ slovenia ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] and [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] - had seceded . * the third was called ' ' ' [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( fry ) ' ' ' and was formed in [[ 1992 ]] on the territory of the remaining republics of [[ serbia ]] ( including the autonomous provinces of [[ vojvodina ]] and of [[ kosovo ]] , officially known as kosovo and [[ metohija ]] ) and [[ montenegro ]] . in [[ 2003 ]] , the name yugoslavia was officially abolished when the state was transformed into a loose commonwealth called [[ serbia and montenegro ]] . | = = origins = = probably the first " official " mention of the term yugoslav ( as opposed to simply [[ slavic peoples | south slav ]] ) was the | ||
| 4 | formed on [[ april 30 ]] th , [[ 1915 ]] in [[ london ]] , and the aforementioned politicians were its members . the committee and the kingdom of serbia | ( in exile ) | subsequently signed the [[ corfu declaration ]] on [[ july 20 ]] , [[ 1917 ]] that declared their desire to form a new joint kingdom . = = the first | |||
| 6 | large portion of both rebel formations . the estimated [[ demography | demographic ]] loss was 1 , 700 , 000 inviduals or 10 % of the population of yugoslavia . | during the war , the [[ communism | communist ]] - led [[ partisans ( yugoslavia ) | partisans ]] were ' ' de facto ' ' rulers on the liberated territories , and the nla organized [[ people ' s committee ]] s to act as civilian government . on [[ november 25 ]] , [[ 1942 ]] , the [[ avnoj | anti - fascist council of national liberation of yugoslavia ]] was convened in [[ bihac | biha & # 263 ; ]] . the council reconvened on [[ november 29 ]] , [[ 1943 ]] in [[ jajce ]] without any [[ macedonian ]] representatives and established the basis for post - war organisation of the country , establishing a belgrade - dominated federation ( this date was celebrated as republic day after the war ) . the nla was able to expel the axis from serbia in [[ 1944 ]] and the rest of yugoslavia in [[ 1945 ]] . the [[ red army ]] and the [[ bulgarian ]] army aided in liberating [[ belgrade ]] as well as many other territories , but withdrew after the war was over . | westerner attempts to reunite the partisans , who denied supremacy of the old government of the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , and the emigration loyal to the king , led | |||
| 13861520 | 0 | of the european union ]] = = miscellaneous = = [[ asteroid ]] [[ 1554 yugoslavia ]] was discovered by [[ milorad b . protitch ]] and named after yugoslavia . | also , there is a girl named natalie living in kentucky who is a fourth croatian roma , and will keep it ' s spirit alive . | = = see also = = * [[ history of the balkans ]] * [[ history of europe ]] = = references = = * {{ loc }} - [ http | ||
| 15159914 | 0 | of the european union ]] = = miscellaneous = = [[ asteroid ]] [[ 1554 yugoslavia ]] was discovered by [[ milorad b . protitch ]] and named after yugoslavia . | also , there is a girl named natalie living in kentucky who is a fourth croatian roma , and will keep it ' s spirit alive . | = = see also = = * [[ history of the balkans ]] * [[ history of europe ]] = = references = = * {{ loc }} - [ http | ||
| 15243372 | 1 | * the second was a [[ socialist state ]] established immediately after [[ world war ii ]] in [[ 1945 ]] as ' ' ' democratic federal yugoslavia ( dfy ) | ' | ' ' , which in [[ 1946 ]] became the ' ' ' federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ( fpry ) ' ' ' and in [[ april 7 | ||
| 3 | ' democratic federal yugoslavia ( dfy ) ' ' ' , which in [[ 1946 ]] became the ' ' ' federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ( fpry ) | ' | ' ' and in [[ april 7 ]] [[ 1963 ]] the ' ' ' [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( sfry ) ' ' ' . this remained | |||
| 18469162 | 28 | ; ]] ) , slovenia ( [[ janez drnovsek | janez drnov & # 353 ; ek ]] ) , macedonia ( [[ vasil tupurkovski ]] ) and bosnia ( [[ | bogic bogicevic | | bogi & # 263 ; bogi & # 263 ; evi & # 263 ; ]] ) voted against . the tie delayed an escalation of conflicts , but not for | ||
| 22506196 | 7 | beginning of the bloody [[ yugoslav wars ]] . these began with a short war in slovenia and continued with a war in croatia in [[ 1991 ]] and in bosnia | early | in [[ 1992 ]] . as a result of the conflict , the [[ united nations security council ]] unanimously adopted [[ un security council resolution 721 ]] on [[ november | ||
| 8 | of the bloody [[ yugoslav wars ]] . these began with a short war in slovenia and continued with a war in croatia in [[ 1991 ]] and in bosnia in | ; | [[ 1992 ]] . as a result of the conflict , the [[ united nations security council ]] unanimously adopted [[ un security council resolution 721 ]] on [[ november 27 | |||
| 22506688 | 9 | at [[ brioni agreement ]] ) by representatives of all republics , was ended and [[ january 15 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , when slovenia and croatia were internationally recognized | the [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( fry ) was formed on [[ april 28 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , and it consisted of the former socialist republics of serbia and montenegro | . the war in the western parts of former yugoslavia ended in [[ 1995 ]] with [[ united states | u . s . ]] - sponsored peace talks in [[ | ||
| 22951623 | 2 | republic ' s government declared its independence though everyone advocated that such decision had be made with the consent of all three nation . the war in bosnia followed shortly thereafter | , as the votes of serbs were ignored | . the so - called badinter commission formed by the [[ european community ]] declared in early 1992 that the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia had " dissolved " . various | ||
| 23004621 | 4 | ' s government declared its independence though everyone advocated that such decision had be made with the consent of all the three nations . the war in bosnia followed shortly thereafter | , as the votes of serbs were ignored | . the so - called badinter commission formed by the [[ european community ]] declared in early 1992 that the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia had " dissolved " . various | ||
| 23641751 | 6 | [[ independent state of croatia ]] was established as a nazi puppet - state , ruled by the far - right militia [[ ustaše ]] . [[ nazi germany | german | ]] | troops occupied bosnia - herzegovina as well as part of [[ serbia ]] and [[ slovenia ]] , while other parts of the country were occupied by [[ albania ]] , | ||
| 25041176 | 2 | 1999 , the province has been governed by peace - keeping forces from nato and [[ russia ]] , although all parties continue to recognize it as a part of serbia | and montenegro , pending the final status settlement | . milošević ' s rejection of claims of a first - round opposition victory in new elections for the federal presidency in september [[ 2000 ]] led to mass demonstrations in | ||
| 25046467 | 2 | 1999 , the province has been governed by peace - keeping forces from nato and [[ russia ]] , although all parties continue to recognize it as a part of serbia | and montenegro , pending the final status settlement | . milošević ' s rejection of claims of a first - round opposition victory in new elections for the federal presidency in september [[ 2000 ]] led to mass demonstrations in | ||
| 25682758 | 2 | vojvodina ]] and of [[ kosovo ]] , officially known as kosovo and [[ metohija ]] ) and [[ montenegro ]] . in [[ 2003 ]] , the name yugoslavia was | to be | officially abolished when the state was transformed into a loose commonwealth called [[ serbia and montenegro ]] . = = origins = = probably the first " official " mention of | ||
| 29811273 | 0 | bosnia followed shortly thereafter . the so - called badinter commission formed by the [[ european community ]] declared in early 1992 that the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia had " | dissolved | disssolved | " . various dates are considered as the end of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia : * [[ june 25 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , when croatia and slovenia | |
| 29811434 | 0 | bosnia followed shortly thereafter . the so - called badinter commission formed by the [[ european community ]] declared in early 1992 that the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia had " | disssolved | dissolved | " . various dates are considered as the end of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia : * [[ june 25 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , when croatia and slovenia | |
| 30298958 | 4 | * [[ croatia ]] * [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] * [[ montenegro ]] * [[ serbia ]] * [[ slovenia ]] and two separate provinces of yugoslavia , | where | the people were granted limited autonomous rights : * [[ vojvodina ]] - mainly hungarian * [[ kosovo ]] - annexed from albania in 1910 in 1974 , the two provinces | ||
| 31961080 | 14 | ]] ( including the autonomous provinces of [[ vojvodina ]] and of [[ kosovo ]] , officially known as kosovo and [[ metohija ]] ) and [[ montenegro ]] . in | [[ | 2001 ]] , the name yugoslavia was to be officially abolished when the state would transform into a loose commonwealth called [[ serbia and montenegro ]] which finally happened on [[ | ||
| 26 | of the country , establishing a federation ( this date was celebrated as republic day after the war ) . the nla was able to expel the axis from serbia in | [[ | 1944 ]] and the rest of yugoslavia in [[ 1945 ]] . the [[ red army ]] aided in liberating [[ belgrade ]] as well as some other territories , but | |||
| 28 | date was celebrated as republic day after the war ) . the nla was able to expel the axis from serbia in [[ 1944 ]] and the rest of yugoslavia in | [[ | 1945 ]] . the [[ red army ]] aided in liberating [[ belgrade ]] as well as some other territories , but withdrew after the war was over . westerner attempts | |||
| 42 | ]] was reduced , though both entities retained a vote in the yugoslav presidency council . [[ image : smilo . jpg | frame | left | milošević ]] in january | [[ | 1990 ]] , the extraordinary 14th congress of the [[ league of communists of yugoslavia ]] was convened . the serbian delegation , led by milošević , insisted on the reversal | |||
| 46 | newly - formed states marked the beginning of the bloody [[ yugoslav wars ]] . these began with a short war in slovenia and continued with a war in croatia in | [[ | 1991 ]] . in september 1991 , the republic of macedonia also declared independence becoming the only former republic to gain sovereignty without resistence from the belgrade based yugoslav authorities . | |||
| 47 | formed states marked the beginning of the bloody [[ yugoslav wars ]] . these began with a short war in slovenia and continued with a war in croatia in [[ 1991 | ]] | . in september 1991 , the republic of macedonia also declared independence becoming the only former republic to gain sovereignty without resistence from the belgrade based yugoslav authorities . 500 u | |||
| 50 | 28 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , and it consisted of the former socialist republics of serbia and montenegro . the war in the western parts of former yugoslavia ended in | [[ | 1995 ]] with [[ united states | u . s . ]] - sponsored peace talks in [[ dayton , ohio ]] , with the so - called [[ dayton agreement | |||
| 60 | macedonia | macedonia ]] * [[ serbia and montenegro ]] * [[ slovenia ]] the first former yugoslav republic that joined the [[ european union ]] was slovenia which applied in | [[ | 1996 ]] and became a member in [[ 2004 ]] . croatia applied for membership in [[ 2003 ]] , and could join before [[ 2010 ]] . macedonia applied in | |||
| 32871630 | 0 | the country , and after him there were republic and province premiers and presidents , plus communist party presidents . people whom he did not favor varied greatly . slobodan penezić | krčun | krcun | served under tito and then after he started to complain about tito ' s politics , he was found dead under unknown circumstances . aleksandar ranković lost all of his titles | |
| 32922260 | 5 | movement was to punish the civil population by carrying out reprisal killings and by giving a free hand to the quisling forces of the [[ independent state of croatia ]] . | italian occupying forces also committed many atrocities ( cf . [[ italian war crimes ]] ) | after allies realised that chetniks were helping germans they ceased to support them . the german response to resistance movement was to punish the civil population by carrying out reprisal killings | ||
| 9 | a large portion of rebel formations . the estimated [[ demography | demographic ]] loss was 1 , 700 , 000 individuals or 10 % of the population of yugoslavia . | [[ aryan | non - aryan ]] ( according to the german racist theory : [[ jew | jews ]] , [[ roma people | gypsies ]] ) minorities , high also among all other non - [[ collaboration | collaborating ]] population | the estimated [[ demography | demographic ]] loss was 1 , 700 , 000 individuals or 10 % of the population of yugoslavia . during the war , the [[ communism | |||
| 33163010 | 0 | ]] = = references = = * {{ loc }} - [ http : / / lcweb2 . loc . gov / frd / cs / yutoc . html yugoslavia ] | = = further reading = = * the fall of yugoslavia : the third balkan war , [[ misha glenny ]] isbn 0 - 14 - 026101 - x | = = external links = = * [ http : / / www . ericdigests . org / 1995 - 2 / bosnia . htm teaching about conflict and crisis in | ||
| 33738425 | 7 | resistance movement was to punish the civil population by carrying out reprisal killings and by giving a free hand to the quisling forces of the [[ independent state of croatia ]] | . | . italian occupying forces also committed many atrocities ( cf . [[ italian war crimes ]] ) . this led to great civilian loss of life in most regions of yugoslavia | ||
| 23 | on , it was becoming more and more involved in state politics . on june 25 , 1991 , slovenia and croatia became the first republics to declare independence from yugoslavia | . in slovenia | , but the international community pressured them to place a three - month [[ moratorium ]] on the decision in the [[ brioni agreement ]] , agreed upon by representatives of | |||
| 41 | the newly - formed states marked the beginning of the bloody [[ yugoslav wars ]] . these began with a short war in slovenia and continued with a war in croatia | in 1991 | . in september 1991 , the republic of macedonia also declared independence becoming the only former republic to gain sovereignty without resistence from the belgrade based yugoslav authorities . 500 u | |||
| 34035074 | 9 | majority was large enough . the republic ' s government declared its independence however , and the serbs immediately declared the independence of republika srpska , and the war in bosnia | ]] | followed shortly thereafter . the so - called badinter commission formed by the [[ european community ]] declared in early 1992 that the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia had " dissolved | ||
| 35058138 | 1 | secession , which made later break - up easier . = = = breakup = = = after tito ' s death in 1980 , ethnic tensions grew in yugoslavia . | some members of the [[ serbian academy of sciences and arts ]] drafted a memorandum in [[ 1986 ]] that opposed the policy of the federation and promoted serbian nationalism in response to the perceived weak position of serbia in the federation . the [[ albanians | ethnic albanian ]] miners in [[ kosovo ]] organized strikes which dovetailed into ethnic conflict between the albanians and the non - albanians in the province . in the 1980s , the albanians were the largest ethnic group in kosovo with over 90 % of the population . | the principle slavs , mainly serbs , were fast reducing in size and would by 1999 be as little as 10 % of the two million population . serbian [[ communist | ||
| 35849849 | 4 | western [[ serbia ]] . in november 1941 , the [[ germany | german ]] troops occupied this territory again , while the majority of partisan forces escaped towards [[ bosnia | ]] | . on [[ november 25 ]] , [[ 1942 ]] , the [[ avnoj | anti - fascist council of national liberation of yugoslavia ]] was convened in [[ bihać ]] | ||
| 37508256 | 10 | operations in yugoslavia . [ http : / / www . nato . int / ifor / un / u911127a . htm ] in [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] in november | [[ | 1991 ]] , the bosnian serbs held a referendum which resulted in an overwhelming vote in favour of staying in a common state with [[ serbia ]] and [[ montenegro ]] | ||
| 37621657 | 2 | * gutman , roy . : ' ' a witness to genocide . the 1993 pulitzer prize - winning dispatches on the " ethnic cleansing " of bosnia ' ' . | new york : | macmillan , 1993 . * harris , judy j . : ' ' yugoslavia today ' ' . southern social studies journal 16 ( fall 1990 ) : 78 - 101 | ||
| 42217788 | 15 | ]] ( including the autonomous provinces of [[ vojvodina ]] and of [[ kosovo ]] , officially known as kosovo and [[ metohija ]] ) and [[ montenegro ]] . in | [[ | 2001 , the name yugoslavia was to be officially abolished when the state would transform into a loose commonwealth called [[ serbia and montenegro ]] which finally happened on [[ february | ||
| 43367294 | 4 | created the [[ republic of serbian krajina ]] in heavily serb - populated regions , with the aid of the yugoslav army , fought the forces of the republic of croatia | with the aid of the yugoslav army | . in september 1991 , the republic of macedonia also declared independence becoming the only former republic to gain sovereignty without resistance from the belgrade based yugoslav authorities . 500 u | ||
| 44361382 | 5 | death in 1980 ) , the federal prime minister , and the federal parliament . an important role was one of the president of the [[ communist party of yugoslavia ]] | presidents | for each republic and province , and the president of presidency of central committee of the communist party . josip broz tito was the most powerful person in the country , | ||
| 49154099 | 1 | in [[ 1946 ]] became the ' ' federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ( fpry ) ' ' and then the [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] . | ' ' ' | * the third was called ' ' ' [[ serbia and montenegro | federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( fry ) ' ' ' and was formed in 1992 on the | ||
| 49267272 | 40 | academy of sciences and arts ]] drafted a memorandum in 1986 that opposed the policy of the federation and promoted serbian nationalism in response to the perceived weak position of serbia | in the federation . the [[ albanians | ethnic albanian ]] miners in [[ kosovo ]] organized strikes which dovetailed into ethnic conflict between the albanians and the non - albanians in the province | . at 90 % of the population of kosovo in the 1980 ' s , ethnic - albanians were the majority . the number of slavs in kosovo ( mainly serbs | ||
| 49980744 | 0 | montenegro ]] which finally happened on [[ february 4 ]] , [[ 2003 ]] . = = origins = = probably the first " official " mention of the term yugoslav | shaize | ( as opposed to simply [[ slavic peoples | south slav ]] ) was the forming of the group of advocates of a joint country of south slavs , by politicians | ||
| 51123816 | 10 | ' ' , meaning " southern slav " ) was receiving an increasing amount of support : in the western states , the people were generally tired of austria - hungary | and a union with the eastern states | ) , fled to london where they began work on forming yugoslav committee and their mission | was probably seen as the best way to come out of the [[ anomie ]] caused by the [[ world war i | great war ]] . even the large [[ | |
| 39 | ' the goals of the yugoslav committee were partly reached by the end of the [[ world war i | first world war ]] in 1918 , when austria - hungary | disintegrated , | and the south slavs organized into the [[ state of slovenes , croats and serbs ]] . this short - lived state soon , on [[ december 1 ]] , 1918 | |||
| 53085765 | 23 | policy . yugoslavia was an obstacle for these plans and king aleksandar i was the pillar of the yugoslav policy . alexander attempted to create a genuine yugoslavia . he decided | to | to abolish yugoslavia ' s historic regions and new internal boundaries were drawn for provinces or banovinas . the banovinas were named after rivers . many politicians were jailed or kept | ||
| 53491103 | 9 | before gunfire was heard and the troops were seen falling down . this and other events are known as the so - called [[ ten - day war ]] in slovenia | article | . ceasefire was agreed on . in the [[ brioni agreement ]] , agreed upon by representatives of all republics , the international community pressured slovenia and croatia to place a | ||
| 54510406 | 3 | yugoslav committee were able to make their views known to the allied governments , which began to take them increasingly seriously , especially as the fate of austro - hungarian empire | ]] | looked more uncertain . while the committee ' s basic aim was the unification of the habsburg south slav lands with serbia ( which was independent at the time ) , | ||
| 5 | the unification of the habsburg south slav lands with serbia ( which was independent at the time ) , its more immediate concern was to head off italian claims in istria | ]] | and dalmatia . this was a very real concern . in 1915 , the allies had lured the italians into the war with promise of substantial territorial gains in exchange . | |||
| 7 | of the habsburg south slav lands with serbia ( which was independent at the time ) , its more immediate concern was to head off italian claims in istria and dalmatia | ]] | . this was a very real concern . in 1915 , the allies had lured the italians into the war with promise of substantial territorial gains in exchange . according to | |||
| 54622338 | 0 | be overridden by the will of the croatian republic . = = = breakup = = = after tito ' s death in 1980 , ethnic tensions grew in yugoslavia . | the | legacy of constitution of 1974 threw the system of decision - making into a state of paralysis , all the more hopeless as the conflict of interests between the republics had | ||
| 1 | by the will of the croatian republic . = = = breakup = = = after tito ' s death in 1980 , ethnic tensions grew in yugoslavia . legacy of | the | constitution of 1974 threw the system of decision - making into a state of paralysis , all the more hopeless as the conflict of interests between the republics had become irreconciable | |||
| 56714534 | 6 | [[ socialist state ]] established immediately after [[ world war ii ]] in [[ november 29 ]] , [[ 1945 ]] as ' ' democratic federation of yugoslavia ( dfy ) | ' ' | , which in [[ 1946 ]] became the ' ' federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ( fpry ) ' ' and then the ' ' ' [[ socialist federal | ||
| 8 | ' ' democratic federation of yugoslavia ( dfy ) ' ' , which in [[ 1946 ]] became the ' ' federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ( fpry ) | ' ' | and then the ' ' ' [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] . ' ' ' * the third was called ' ' ' [[ serbia and montenegro | federal | |||
| 56794062 | 2 | eventually switched to support the nla . however , nla carried on its guerrilla warfare . this led to great civilian loss of life in most regions of yugoslavia . the | estimated | [[ demography | demographic ]] loss was 1 , 700 , 000 individuals or 10 % of the population of yugoslavia . very high losses were among serbs of bosnia and | ||
| 57059880 | 9 | vojvodina ]] and of [[ kosovo ]] , officially known as kosovo and [[ metohija ]] ) and [[ montenegro ]] . in [[ 2001 ]] , the name yugoslavia was | to be | officially abolished when the state would transform into a loose commonwealth called [[ serbia and montenegro ]] which finally happened on [[ february 4 ]] , [[ 2003 ]] . * | ||
| 57320182 | 0 | passed a law allowing extradition of all persons charged with war crimes by the international criminal tribunal . in march 2002 , the governments of serbia and montenegro agreed to reform | the | fry in favour of a new , much weaker form of cooperation called [[ serbia and montenegro ]] . by order of yugoslav federal parliament on [[ february 4 ]] , | ||
| 16 | , [[ 2006 ]] , montenegro officially declared its independence , with serbia following suit two days later , effectively dissolving the [[ serbia and montenegro | federal republic of yugoslavia | ]] | . = = further reading = = * hall , brian : the impossible country : a journey through the last days of yugoslavia . penguin books . new york , | |||
| 59612233 | 5 | was a [[ socialist state ]] established immediately after [[ world war ii ]] in [[ november 29 ]] , [[ 1945 ]] as democratic federation of yugoslavia ( dfy ) | ' ' ' | , which in [[ 1946 ]] became the federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ( fpry ) . # the ' ' ' [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( | ||
| 59716900 | 1 | was an uprising demanding full republican status for kosovo , as well as unification with albania . in 1989 jeffrey sachs was in yugoslavia helping the federal government under ante marković | ]] | prepare the imf / world bank shock therapy package , which was then introduced in 1990 just at the time when the crucial parliamentary elections were being held in the various | ||
| 60150694 | 2 | this was an critical turning point in the yugoslav tragedy . marković in the spring of 1990 was by far the most popular politician not only in yugoslavia as a whole | , | but in each of its constituent republics . he should have been able to rally the population for yugoslavism against the particularist nationalisms of milosević in serbia or tuđman in croatia | ||
| 63135388 | 4 | days later , it ceased to exist on [[ april 17 ]] , [[ 1941 ]] . the ' ' ' [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( sfry ) | ' ' ' | was a [[ socialist state ]] established immediately after [[ world war ii ]] in [[ november 29 ]] , [[ 1945 ]] as the ' ' ' democratic federation of | ||
| 8 | democratic federation of yugoslavia ( dfy ) ' ' ' , which in [[ 1946 ]] became the ' ' ' federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ( fpry ) | ' | ' ' . it is also known as the second yugoslavia . ethnic conflicts and the declaration of independence by most of the constituent republics lead to the formation of the | |||
| 63136524 | 3 | [[ franko potočnjak ]] , [[ nikola stojanović ]] and [[ dušan vasiljević ]] ) from south - slav lands under the [[ habsburg empire ]] ( austria - hungary ) | increased and the idea of a union between them became stronger . during the early period of the world war i ( which started in [[ 1914 ]] ) , a number of prominent political figures , including [[ ante trumbić ]] , [[ ivan meštrović ]] , [[ nikola stojanović ]] and others , from south slavic lands under the habsburg empire | , fled to london where they began work on forming yugoslav committee and their mission was to represent the south slavs of the empire . they chose london as their headquarters | ||
| 63327901 | 5 | , croats and slovenes ( first yugoslavia ) = = {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia }} with the end of world war i and the downfall of austria - hungary | ]] | and the ottoman empire , the conditions were met for proclaiming the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenians in december 1918 . of the country ' s 12 million people | ||
| 10 | war i and the downfall of austria - hungary and the ottoman empire , the conditions were met for proclaiming the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenians in december 1918 | ]] | . of the country ' s 12 million people , 4 . 6 million ( 38 . 8 percent ) were serbs and 2 . 8 million ( 23 . 7 | |||
| 37 | new state receiving all they had previously lacked , in addition to access to high schools and universities . unlike the croats , the slovenes in the austro - hungarian empire | ]] | had no historic claim to statehood , so there was no sense of loss to belgrade . during the 1920s , serbo - croat wrangle continued and on 20 june 1928 | |||
| 85 | order set up after world war i was losing its strongholds and its sponsors were losing their strength . supported and pressured by fascist italy and nazi germany , croatian leader | [[ | vlatko macek and his party managed the creation of the croatian banovina ( administrative province ) in 1939 . the agreement specified that croatia was to remain part of yugoslavia , | |||
| 88 | its sponsors were losing their strength . supported and pressured by fascist italy and nazi germany , croatian leader vlatko macek and his party managed the creation of the croatian banovina | ]] | ( administrative province ) in 1939 . the agreement specified that croatia was to remain part of yugoslavia , but it was hurriedly building an independent political identity in international relations | |||
| 96 | exiled paul , and ended the regency , giving 17 year old king peter full powers . [[ adolf hitler | hitler ]] then decided to attack yugoslavia on [[ april | 6 | 6th | ]] , followed immediately by an invasion of [[ greece ]] where mussolini had previously been repelled . ( as a result , the launch of [[ operation barbarossa ]] was | ||
| 98 | peter full powers . [[ adolf hitler | hitler ]] then decided to attack yugoslavia on [[ april 6 ]] , followed immediately by an invasion of [[ greece ]] where | [[ benito | mussolini had previously been repelled . ( as a result , the launch of [[ operation barbarossa ]] was delayed by four weeks , which proved to be a costly decision | |||
| 63330276 | 28 | led by [[ josip broz tito ]] , a [[ croats | croat ]] - [[ slovenian people | slovenian ]] member of the [[ communist party of yugoslavia ]] . | [[ image : jasenovac6 . jpg | right | thumb | 250px | [[ jasenovac concentration camp # mass murder and cruelty | children in jasenovac ]] ]] | the nla initiated a [[ guerrilla warfare | guerrilla ]] campaign which was developed into the largest resistance army in occupied western and central europe . the chetniks initially made notable | ||
| 40 | of the country , establishing a federation ( this date was celebrated as republic day after the war ) . the nla was able to expel the axis from serbia in | [[ | 1944 and the rest of yugoslavia in 1945 . the [[ red army ]] aided in liberating [[ belgrade ]] as well as some other territories , but withdrew after the | |||
| 41 | the country , establishing a federation ( this date was celebrated as republic day after the war ) . the nla was able to expel the axis from serbia in 1944 | ]] | and the rest of yugoslavia in 1945 . the [[ red army ]] aided in liberating [[ belgrade ]] as well as some other territories , but withdrew after the war | |||
| 42 | ( this date was celebrated as republic day after the war ) . the nla was able to expel the axis from serbia in 1944 and the rest of yugoslavia in | [[ | 1945 . the [[ red army ]] aided in liberating [[ belgrade ]] as well as some other territories , but withdrew after the war was over . in may 1945 | |||
| 43 | this date was celebrated as republic day after the war ) . the nla was able to expel the axis from serbia in 1944 and the rest of yugoslavia in 1945 | ]] | . the [[ red army ]] aided in liberating [[ belgrade ]] as well as some other territories , but withdrew after the war was over . in may 1945 , | |||
| 63517403 | 9 | , sowed the seeds of the federation ' s demise . meanwhile , yugoslavia enjoyed stability and peace . throughout the 1960s and 1970s , the growth of yugoslavia ' s | [[ | gross domestic product averaged 6 . 1 % . there was 91 % literacy and an average life expectancy of 72 years . the state provided housing , health care , | ||
| 17 | chief of secret police in serbia , fell victim to a dubious traffic incident after he started to complain about tito ' s politics . minister of the interior aleksandar ranković | ]] | lost all of his titles and rights after a major disagreement with tito regarding state politics . sometimes ministers in government , such as [[ edvard kardelj ]] or [[ stane | |||
| 18 | ]] or [[ stane dolanc ]] , were more important than the prime minister . the suppression of national identities escalated with the so - called [[ croatian spring ]] of | [[ | 1970 - 71 , when students in zagreb organized demonstrations for greater civil liberties and greater croatian autonomy . the regime stifled the public protest and incarcerated the leaders , but | |||
| 35 | yugoslavia which had been dominated by serbian ruling class ; and a war - time slaughter in which the nazis made use of the earlier serbian oppression to use croatian fascism | ]] | for barbarous slaughter and also exploited anti - serb sentiment amongst the kosovo albanian - and some elements in the bosnian muslim - population to bolster their rule . there had | |||
| 40 | of the earlier serbian oppression to use croatian fascism for barbarous slaughter and also exploited anti - serb sentiment amongst the kosovo albanian - and some elements in the bosnian muslim | ]] | - population to bolster their rule . there had been one structural element in the post - world war ii yugoslav state ' s stability : the joint concern of the | |||
| 57 | state : the socialist link between the communist party and the working class . the forms and effects of this varied in different parts of yugoslavia . first in kosovo in | [[ | 1981 , where the links between yugoslav communism and the population had always been weakest and where the economic crisis was most intense , there was an uprising demanding full republican | |||
| 58 | : the socialist link between the communist party and the working class . the forms and effects of this varied in different parts of yugoslavia . first in kosovo in 1981 | ]] | , where the links between yugoslav communism and the population had always been weakest and where the economic crisis was most intense , there was an uprising demanding full republican status | |||
| 61 | population had always been weakest and where the economic crisis was most intense , there was an uprising demanding full republican status for kosovo , as well as unification with albania | ]] | . in 1989 jeffrey sachs was in yugoslavia helping the federal government under [[ ante marković ]] prepare the imf / world bank shock therapy package , which was then introduced | |||
| 63 | been weakest and where the economic crisis was most intense , there was an uprising demanding full republican status for kosovo , as well as unification with albania . in 1989 | ]] [[ | jeffrey sachs was in yugoslavia helping the federal government under [[ ante marković ]] prepare the imf / world bank shock therapy package , which was then introduced in 1990 just | |||
| 80 | months of 1990 as enterprises sought to avoid bankruptcy . the largest concentrations of bankrupt firms and lay - offs were in serbia , bosnia - herzegovina , macedonia and kosovo | ]] | . real earnings were in a free fall , social programmes had collapsed creating within the population an atmosphere of social despair and hopelessness . this was an critical turning point | |||
| 87 | but in each of its constituent republics . he should have been able to rally the population for yugoslavism against the particularist nationalisms of milosević in serbia or tuđman in croatia | ]] | and he should have been able to count on the obedience of the armed forces . he was supported by 83 % of the population in croatia , by 81 % | |||
| 91 | programme and ec conditionality and it was this which gave the separatists in the north west and the nationalists in serbia their opening . the appeal of the separatists in slovenia | ]] | and croatia to their electorates involved offering to repudiate the marković - imf austerity and by doing so help their republics prepare to leave yugoslavia altogether and ' join europe ' | |||
| 63517568 | 0 | the weakest and where the economic crisis was most intense , there was an uprising demanding full republican status for kosovo , as well as unification with [[ albania ]] . | [[ image : ante marković . jpg | thumb | right | 200px | [[ ante marković ]] ]] | in [[ 1989 ]] [[ jeffrey sachs ]] was in yugoslavia helping the federal government under [[ ante marković ]] prepare the imf / [[ world bank group | world bank | ||
| 63521475 | 7 | of yugoslavia was the result of both internal and external factors . assigning comparative weight to the external as against the internal factors in the generalised crisis that shook yugoslavia in | [[ | 1990 - 1991 is a complex matter . but without understanding the roles of the western powers in helping to produce and channel the crisis , it is difficult to understand | ||
| 8 | yugoslavia was the result of both internal and external factors . assigning comparative weight to the external as against the internal factors in the generalised crisis that shook yugoslavia in 1990 | ]] | - 1991 is a complex matter . but without understanding the roles of the western powers in helping to produce and channel the crisis , it is difficult to understand the | |||
| 9 | was the result of both internal and external factors . assigning comparative weight to the external as against the internal factors in the generalised crisis that shook yugoslavia in 1990 - | [[ | 1991 is a complex matter . but without understanding the roles of the western powers in helping to produce and channel the crisis , it is difficult to understand the disintegration | |||
| 19 | drive for capitalism to speed the break - up during 1989 - 90 . on one side were a number of european states eager to gain independence for slovenia and croatia | ]] | ; on the other side was the united states , eager to ensure that yugoslavia paid its debts to western banks and ' globalised ' its political economy through shock therapy | |||
| 30 | the country open for the western multinationals . the forces eager to see the break - up of yugoslavia through independence for slovenia and croatia were the vatican , austria , | [[ | hungary , germany and , more ambivalently , italy . since the mid - 1980s , the vatican and austria had started an active campaign in east central and eastern europe | |||
| 31 | country open for the western multinationals . the forces eager to see the break - up of yugoslavia through independence for slovenia and croatia were the vatican , austria , hungary | ]] | , germany and , more ambivalently , italy . since the mid - 1980s , the vatican and austria had started an active campaign in east central and eastern europe to | |||
| 32 | open for the western multinationals . the forces eager to see the break - up of yugoslavia through independence for slovenia and croatia were the vatican , austria , hungary , | [[ | germany and , more ambivalently , italy . since the mid - 1980s , the vatican and austria had started an active campaign in east central and eastern europe to rebuild | |||
| 33 | for the western multinationals . the forces eager to see the break - up of yugoslavia through independence for slovenia and croatia were the vatican , austria , hungary , germany | ]] | and , more ambivalently , italy . since the mid - 1980s , the vatican and austria had started an active campaign in east central and eastern europe to rebuild their | |||
| 52 | for the same goal : yugoslavia ' s break up . this campaign was not , of course , supported by the united states . it championed yugoslav unity as did | [[ | britain and france . but for the us unity was not the main thing : its policy was principally governed by its concern to ensure the imposition of shock therapy on | |||
| 68 | majority of its population did not favour such a course . during 1980s , serbian academy of sciences and arts drafted a memorandum addressing some burning issues concerning position of serbs | ]] | as the most numerous people in yugoslavia . although the largest yugoslav republic in territory and population , serbia had been dispossessed of its attributes of statehood by the new 1974 | |||
| 70 | [[ communist ]] leader [[ slobodan milošević ]] sought to restore pre - 1974 serbian sovereignty , which republics of slovenia and croatia denounced as the revival of great serbian hegemonism | ]] | . autonomy of [[ vojvodina ]] and of [[ kosovo | kosovo and metohija ]] was reduced , though both entities retained a vote in the yugoslav presidency council . as | |||
| 108 | methods of dealing with the yugoslav army ' s officers stationed in croatian cities . in march 1990 , during the demonstrations in split ( croatia ) , a young yugoslav | ]] | conscript was strangled on the tank by croatian mob . elsewhere , tensions were running high . in the same month , the [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] ( | |||
| 128 | the first republics to declare independence from yugoslavia . in slovenia , slovenian territorial defence ( paramilitary force ) seized the yugoslav border posts with austria and italy taking down yugoslav | ]] | and raising slovenian flag . following day ( [[ june 26 ]] ) , the federal executive council speifically ordered the army to take control of the internationally recognized borders . | |||
| 130 | declare independence from yugoslavia . in slovenia , slovenian territorial defence ( paramilitary force ) seized the yugoslav border posts with austria and italy taking down yugoslav and raising slovenian flag | ]] | . following day ( [[ june 26 ]] ) , the federal executive council speifically ordered the army to take control of the internationally recognized borders . [[ yugoslav people ' | |||
| 136 | month [[ moratorium ]] on their independence declarations . during these three months , the yugoslav army completed its pull - out of slovenia , but in croatia , a bloody | [[ | war broke out in the autumn of 1991 . ethnic serbs , who had created the [[ republic of serbian krajina ]] in heavily serb - populated regions resisted the forces | |||
| 141 | army acted as a buffer zone , in others it was protecting the serbs from new croatian army disguised as police force . in september 1991 , the republic of macedonia | ]] | also declared independence becoming the only former republic to gain sovereignty without resistance from the belgrade based yugoslav authorities . 500 u . s soldiers were then deployed under the u | |||
| 63522014 | 1 | , the province has been governed by peace - keeping forces from nato and [[ russia ]] , although all parties continue to recognize it as a part of serbia . | [[ image : smilo . jpg | frame | left | [[ slobodan milošević ]] ]] | milošević ' s rejection of claims of a first - round opposition victory in new elections for the federal presidency in september 2000 led to mass demonstrations in belgrade on october | ||
| 64233510 | 1 | montenegro ]] . after a successful referendum in the republic , montenegro officially declared its independence on [[ june 3rd ]] , [[ 2006 ]] , while serbia declared independence on | [[ | june 5th , thereby ending the last remnants of the former yugoslav federation . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = = = = the idea of a | ||
| 65358177 | 1 | delayed by four weeks , which proved to be a costly decision . ) = = yugoslavia during the second world war = = = = = the invasion of yugoslavia | ]] | = = = at 5 : 15 a . m . on [[ april 6th ]] [[ 1941 ]] , [[ nazi germany | german ]] , [[ fascism in italy | ||
| 67964303 | 0 | a regime in the country open for the western multinationals . the forces eager to see the break - up of yugoslavia through independence for slovenia and croatia were the [[ | holy see | | vatican ]] , [[ austria ]] , [[ hungary ]] , [[ germany ]] and , more ambivalently , [[ italy ]] . since the mid - 1980s , the vatican | ||
| 69392268 | 0 | started an active campaign in east central and eastern europe to rebuild their influence there and by 1989 - 90 the vatican was openly championing independence for slovenia and croatia . | {{ fact }} | the real goal of austrian policy was to expand austria ' s regional influence since it " ' ' saw the yugoslav crisis as an auspicious moment for self - assertion | ||
| 76674084 | 6 | was then introduced in [[ 1990 ]] just at the time when the crucial parliamentary elections were being held in the various republics . one aspect of yugoslavia ' s " | [[ | shock therapy " programme was both unique within the region and of great political importance in 1989 - 90 . the bankruptcy law to liquidate state enterprises was enacted in the | ||
| 77740390 | 0 | and material life " . the future state was to be called the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes and was to be constitutional monarchy under the karađorđević dynasty . | i want to have sex wed you , baby ! ! [[ media : example . ogg ]] = = headline text = = i want to have sex , then a little girl baby ! like you , baby ! mabye , a little baby ! ! [[ image : example . jpg ]] | = = = the unification of south slavs = = = as the habsburg empire dissolved , a national council of slovenes , croats and serbs took power in zagreb on | ||
| 77742938 | 0 | and material life " . the future state was to be called the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes and was to be constitutional monarchy under the karađorđević dynasty . | i want to have sex wed you , baby ! ! [[ media : example . ogg ]] š = = headline text = = i want to have sex , then a little girl baby ! like you , baby ! mabye , a little baby ! ! [[ image : example . jpg ]] | = = = the unification of south slavs = = = as the habsburg empire dissolved , a national council of slovenes , croats and serbs took power in zagreb on | ||
| 80377601 | 0 | | montenegro }} ]] after tito ' s death on [[ may 4th ]] [[ 1980 ]] , [[ ethnic group | ethnic ]] [[ tension ]] s grew in yugoslavia | , bolstered by open support from a number of western countries | . the legacy of the [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution of 1974 ]] threw the system of decision - making into a state of paralysis | ||
| 1 | montenegro }} ]] after tito ' s death on [[ may 4th ]] [[ 1980 ]] , [[ ethnic group | ethnic ]] [[ tension ]] s grew in yugoslavia . | notably , the us , england , germany , austria , italy ( which had its own crisis of identity and looked at speeding up " democratic processes " as a way of diverting similar sentiments in northern italy , through graphic pictures of the drama unfolding in the neighbouring jugoslavia ) , albania and even such distant countries as australia , saudi arab emirates , libia , and al - qaida ' s afghan - tested mujaheedins , trained by the cia . | the legacy of the [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution of 1974 ]] threw the system of decision - making into a state of paralysis , | |||
| 80382137 | 3 | [[ tension ]] s grew in yugoslavia , bolstered by open support from a number of western countries . notably , the us , england , germany , austria , italy | ( | more ambivalently | which had its own crisis of identity and looked at speeding up " democratic processes " as a way of diverting similar sentiments in northern italy , through graphic pictures of | |
| 4 | and looked at speeding up " democratic processes " as a way of diverting similar sentiments in northern italy , through graphic pictures of the drama unfolding in the neighbouring jugoslavia | ) | [[ | , albania and even such distant countries as australia , saudi arab emirates , libia , and al - qaida ' s afghan - tested mujaheedins , trained by the cia | ||
| 80538754 | 0 | and unconditional union . others ( non - serbs ) , who favoured a federal yugoslavia were more hesitant . they feared that serbia would simply annex the former habsburg territories | where there was serbian population present , but the territory was percieved to be theirs | . the national council ' s authority was limited and the italians were moving to take more territory than they had been alloted in an agreement with the yugoslav committee . | ||
| 1 | unconditional union . others ( non - serbs ) , who favoured a federal yugoslavia were more hesitant . they feared that serbia would simply annex the former habsburg territories . | this fear was strongest in croat political circles , as large parts of what they thought to be hrvatska ( croatia , as commonly albeit incorrectly called abroad ) was home to large serbian population . | the national council ' s authority was limited and the italians were moving to take more territory than they had been alloted in an agreement with the yugoslav committee . political | |||
| 80546909 | 29 | and unconditional union . others ( non - serbs ) , who favoured a federal yugoslavia were more hesitant . they feared that serbia would simply annex the former habsburg territories | where there was serbian population present , but the territory was percieved to be theirs | . this fear was strongest in croatian political circles , as large parts of what they thought to be hrvatska ( croatia , as commonly albeit incorrectly called abroad ) was | ||
| 83667331 | 0 | | people ' s liberation war }} yugoslavs opposing the [[ nazism | nazis ]] organized resistance movement . those inclined towards supporting the old kingdom of yugoslavia joined the [[ | yugoslav army in the fatherland ]] , also known as the | chetniks ]] ( ' ' četnici ' ' known for their war crimes and atrocities against non - orthodox population , croatians , muslims etc . ) , a serb - | ||
| 83862003 | 8 | ' ' ( " jug " meaning " south " ) . the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' , also known as the first yugoslavia | ]] | , was a [[ monarchy | kingdom ]] formed on [[ december 1 ]] , [[ 1918 ]] , which was originally formed as the ' ' kingdom of serbs , | ||
| 15 | was a [[ socialist state ]] established immediately after [[ world war ii ]] in [[ november 29 ]] [[ 1945 ]] as the succesor state to the kingdom of yugoslavia | . it | , | existed under various names . proclaimed as the ' ' democratic federation of yugoslavia ( dfy ) ' ' in [[ 1943 ]] . it changed its name to the ' | ||
| 42 | name means ' ' land of the [[ south slavs ]] ' ' ( " jug " meaning " south " ) . the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of yugoslavia | ]] | ' ' ' , also known as the first yugoslavia , was a [[ monarchy | kingdom ]] formed on [[ december 1 ]] , [[ 1918 ]] , which was | |||
| 44 | south " ) . the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' , also known as the first yugoslavia , was a [[ monarchy | kingdom ]] | formed on [[ december 1 ]] , [[ 1918 ]] , which was originally | formed as the ' ' kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ' ' . it was re - named on [[ january 6 ]] , [[ 1929 ]] by king | |||
| 46 | kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ' ' . it was re - named on [[ january 6 ]] , [[ 1929 ]] by king [[ alexander i of yugoslavia | | alexander i | ]] . it was invaded on [[ april 6 ]] , [[ 1941 ]] by the [[ axis powers ]] . capitulating only 11 days later , it ceased to exist | |||
| 84299894 | 1 | , [[ 1918 ]] & ndash ; [[ april 17 ]] , [[ 1941 ]] ) , also known as the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia | first yugoslavia ]] , was | if | a [[ monarchy ]] formed as the " kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes " after [[ world war i ]] and re - named on [[ january 6 ]] | ||
| 84305972 | 3 | , [[ 1918 ]] & ndash ; [[ april 17 ]] , [[ 1941 ]] ) , also known as the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia | first yugoslavia ]] , was | if | a [[ monarchy ]] formed as the " kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes " after [[ world war i ]] and re - named on [[ january 6 ]] | ||
| 85539858 | 4 | * gutman , roy . : ' ' a witness to genocide . the 1993 pulitzer prize - winning dispatches on the " ethnic cleansing " of bosnia ' ' . | new york university press , 1996 | * gutman , roy . : ' ' a witness to genocide . the 1993 pulitzer prize - winning dispatches on the " ethnic cleansing " of bosnia ' ' . | ||
| 11 | ]] : ' ' black lamb and gray falcon : a journey through yugoslavia ' ' . viking , 1941 . * misha glenny : ' ' the fall of yugoslavia | : | death of tito to the insurrection in kosovo | the third balkan war ' ' , isbn 0 - 14 - 026101 - x = = legacy = = the present - day countries created from the former parts of | ||
| 85546527 | 2 | media reaction to the war in bosnia ' ' . cresskill , nj : hampton press * ramet , sabrina p . ' ' balkan babel . the disintegration of yugoslavia | from | : | the death of tito to the insurrection in kosovo ' ' . bouder , co : westview press , 2002 [ 3rd edition ] * ramet , sabrina p 2004 ‘explaining | |
| 13 | * gutman , roy . : ' ' a witness to genocide . the 1993 pulitzer prize - winning dispatches on the " ethnic cleansing " of bosnia ' ' . | new york : | macmillan , 1993 . * hall , brian : the impossible country : a journey through the last days of yugoslavia . penguin books . new york , 1994 * harris | |||
| 16 | nj : hampton press * ramet , sabrina p . ' ' balkan babel . the disintegration of yugoslavia from the death of tito to the insurrection in kosovo ' ' | . bouder | , co : westview press , 2002 [ 3rd edition ] * ramet , sabrina p 2004 ‘explaining the yugoslav meltdown . “for a charm of pow ’ rful trouble , | |||
| 86387369 | 0 | unconditional union . others ( non - serbs ) , who favoured a federal yugoslavia were more hesitant . they feared that serbia would simply annex the former habsburg territories . | katy is the best ! ! ! | the national council ' s authority was limited and the italians were moving to take more territory than they had been alloted in an agreement with the yugoslav committee . political | ||
| 86387451 | 0 | unconditional union . others ( non - serbs ) , who favoured a federal yugoslavia were more hesitant . they feared that serbia would simply annex the former habsburg territories . | katy is the best ! ! ! | the national council ' s authority was limited and the italians were moving to take more territory than they had been alloted in an agreement with the yugoslav committee . political | ||
| 86751655 | 0 | tags --> < references / > * {{ loc }} – [ http : / / lcweb2 . loc . gov / frd / cs / yutoc . html yugoslavia ] | = = external links = = * [ http : / / www . tenc . net / yugo . htm a library of analysis and documents refuting the standard media view of what happened in yugoslavia ] from emperor ' s clothes * [ http : / / www . ericdigests . org / 1995 - 2 / bosnia . htm teaching about conflict and crisis in the former yugoslavia ] * [ http : / / www . vojska . net vojska . net – covering wars in former yugoslavia ] * [ http : / / www . ohr . int / ohr - info / maps / maps ] * [ http : / / www . slobodnajugoslavija . com / slobodna jugoslavija ] {{ commons | yugoslavia }} * [ http : / / www . royalfamily . org / the official website of the royal family of serbia ] * [ http : / / vlib . iue . it / history / europe / yugoslavia . html www - vl : history : yugoslavia ] * [ http : / / digital . library . unt . edu / govdocs / crs / search . tkl ? q = yugoslavia & search _ crit = subject & search = search & date1 = anytime & date2 = anytime & type = form congressional research service ( crs ) reports regarding yugoslavia ] * [ http : / / news . bbc . co . uk / go / pr / fr / - / 1 / hi / world / europe / 4997380 . stm timeline : break - up of yugoslavia at bbc news ] [[ category : yugoslavia | ]] [[ category : former countries in the balkans ]] [[ category : former countries in europe ]] [[ ar : يوغوسلافيا ]] [[ be : югаславія ]] [[ bs : jugoslavija ]] [[ br : yougoslavia ]] [[ bg : югославия ]] [[ ca : iugoslàvia ]] [[ cs : jugoslávie ]] [[ da : jugoslavien ]] [[ de : jugoslawien ]] [[ et : jugoslaavia ]] [[ el : γιουγκοσλαβία ]] [[ es : yugoslavia ( desambiguación ) ]] [[ es : yugoslavia ]] [[ fa : یوگوسلاوی ]] [[ fr : yougoslavie ]] [[ ko : 유고슬라비아 ]] [[ hsb : južnosłowjanska ]] [[ hr : jugoslavija ]] [[ io : yugoslavia ]] [[ is : júgóslavía ]] [[ it : jugoslavia ]] [[ he : יוגוסלביה ]] [[ ka : იუგოსლავია ]] [[ lv : dienvidslāvija ]] [[ mk : југославија ]] [[ nl : joegoslavië ]] [[ ja : ユーゴスラビア ]] [[ no : jugoslavia ]] [[ pl : jugosławia ]] [[ pt : jugoslávia ]] [[ ro : iugoslavia ]] [[ ru : югославия ]] [[ sk : juhoslávia ]] [[ sl : jugoslavija ]] [[ sr : југославија ]] [[ fi : jugoslavia ]] [[ sv : jugoslavien ]] [[ th : ยูโกสลาเวีย ]] [[ vi : nam tư ]] [[ tr : yugoslavya ]] [[ zh : 南斯拉夫 ]] | |||
| 86857690 | 0 | tags --> < references / > * {{ loc }} – [ http : / / lcweb2 . loc . gov / frd / cs / yutoc . html yugoslavia ] | = = external links = = * [ http : / / www . tenc . net / yugo . htm a library of analysis and documents refuting the standard media view of what happened in yugoslavia ] from emperor ' s clothes * [ http : / / www . ericdigests . org / 1995 - 2 / bosnia . htm teaching about conflict and crisis in the former yugoslavia ] * [ http : / / www . vojska . net vojska . net – covering wars in former yugoslavia ] * [ http : / / www . ohr . int / ohr - info / maps / maps ] * [ http : / / www . slobodnajugoslavija . com / slobodna jugoslavija ] {{ commons | yugoslavia }} * [ http : / / www . royalfamily . org / the official website of the royal family of serbia ] * [ http : / / vlib . iue . it / history / europe / yugoslavia . html www - vl : history : yugoslavia ] * [ http : / / digital . library . unt . edu / govdocs / crs / search . tkl ? q = yugoslavia & search _ crit = subject & search = search & date1 = anytime & date2 = anytime & type = form congressional research service ( crs ) reports regarding yugoslavia ] * [ http : / / news . bbc . co . uk / go / pr / fr / - / 1 / hi / world / europe / 4997380 . stm timeline : break - up of yugoslavia at bbc news ] [[ category : yugoslavia | ]] [[ category : former countries in the balkans ]] [[ category : former countries in europe ]] [[ ar : يوغوسلافيا ]] [[ be : югаславія ]] [[ bs : jugoslavija ]] [[ br : yougoslavia ]] [[ bg : югославия ]] [[ ca : iugoslàvia ]] [[ cs : jugoslávie ]] [[ da : jugoslavien ]] [[ de : jugoslawien ]] [[ et : jugoslaavia ]] [[ el : γιουγκοσλαβία ]] [[ es : yugoslavia ( desambiguación ) ]] [[ es : yugoslavia ]] [[ fa : یوگوسلاوی ]] [[ fr : yougoslavie ]] [[ ko : 유고슬라비아 ]] [[ hsb : južnosłowjanska ]] [[ hr : jugoslavija ]] [[ io : yugoslavia ]] [[ is : júgóslavía ]] [[ it : jugoslavia ]] [[ he : יוגוסלביה ]] [[ ka : იუგოსლავია ]] [[ lv : dienvidslāvija ]] [[ mk : југославија ]] [[ nl : joegoslavië ]] [[ ja : ユーゴスラビア ]] [[ no : jugoslavia ]] [[ pl : jugosławia ]] [[ pt : jugoslávia ]] [[ ro : iugoslavia ]] [[ ru : югославия ]] [[ sk : juhoslávia ]] [[ sl : jugoslavija ]] [[ sr : југославија ]] [[ fi : jugoslavia ]] [[ sv : jugoslavien ]] [[ th : ยูโกสลาเวีย ]] [[ vi : nam tư ]] [[ tr : yugoslavya ]] [[ zh : 南斯拉夫 ]] | |||
| 87596151 | 3 | by four weeks , which proved to be a costly decision . ) = = yugoslavia during the second world war = = = = = the [[ invasion of yugoslavia | ]] | = = = at 5 : 15 a . m . on [[ april 6th ]] [[ 1941 ]] , [[ nazi germany | german ]] , [[ italian fascism | | ||
| 87847188 | 1 | peter ]] full powers . = = = the beginning of wwii in yugoslavia = = = [[ adolf hitler | hitler ]] then decided to attack yugoslavia on [[ april | 6th | 6 | ]] 1941 , followed immediately by an invasion of [[ greece ]] where [[ benito mussolini | mussolini ]] had previously been repelled . ( as a result , the launch | |
| 24 | of yugoslavia }} [[ image : banovine kj . jpg | thumb | 300px | right | map showing [[ kingdom of yugoslavia # internal _ divisions | banovinas ]] in | [[ | 1929 ]] ]] = = = opposition to the new state = = = with the end of [[ world war i ]] and the downfall of [[ austria - hungary | |||
| 27 | downfall of [[ austria - hungary ]] and the [[ ottoman empire ]] , the conditions were met for proclaiming the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenians in [[ december | ]] [[ | 1918 ]] . of the country ' s 12 million people , 4 . 6 million were [[ serbs ]] ( 38 . 8 % ) and 2 . 8 million | |||
| 40 | was celebrated as republic day after the war ) . = = = the liberation of yugoslavia = = = the nov was able to expel the axis from serbia in | [[ | 1944 ]] and the rest of yugoslavia in [[ 1945 ]] . the [[ red army ]] aided in liberating [[ belgrade ]] as well as some other territories , but | |||
| 42 | . = = = the liberation of yugoslavia = = = the nov was able to expel the axis from serbia in [[ 1944 ]] and the rest of yugoslavia in | [[ | 1945 ]] . the [[ red army ]] aided in liberating [[ belgrade ]] as well as some other territories , but withdrew after the war was over . in [[ | |||
| 64 | state : the socialist link between the communist party and the working class . the forms and effects of this varied in different parts of yugoslavia . first in kosovo in | [[ | 1981 ]] , where the links between yugoslav communism and the population had always been the weakest and where the economic crisis was most intense , there was an uprising demanding | |||
| 65 | the socialist link between the communist party and the working class . the forms and effects of this varied in different parts of yugoslavia . first in kosovo in [[ 1981 | ]] | , where the links between yugoslav communism and the population had always been the weakest and where the economic crisis was most intense , there was an uprising demanding full republican | |||
| 66 | kosovo , as well as unification with [[ albania ]] . [[ image : ante marković . jpg | thumb | right | 200px | [[ ante marković ]] ]] in | [[ | 1989 ]] [[ jeffrey sachs ]] was in yugoslavia helping the federal government under [[ ante marković ]] prepare the imf / [[ world bank group | world bank ]] " | |||
| 88021930 | 0 | [[ nazi germany | german ]] , [[ italian fascism | italian ]] , [[ hungary | hungarian ]] , and [[ bulgaria ]] n forces attacked yugoslavia . the [[ | luftwaffe ]] bombed [[ belgrade ]] and other major yugoslav cities . on [[ april 17th ]] , representatives of yugoslavia ' s various regions signed an armistice with germany at belgrade , ending eleven days of resistance against the invading german wehrmacht . more than three hundred thousand yugoslav officers and soldiers were taken prisoners . = = = the independent state of croatia = = = {{ main | independent state of croatia }} [[ image : jasenovac1 . jpg | thumb | in the [[ independent state of croatia ]] , [[ serbs ]] , [[ jews ]] and [[ roma | gypsies ]] were marched to the [[ jasenovac concentration camp ]] ]] the [[ axis powers ]] occupied yugoslavia and split it up . the [[ independent state of croatia ]] was established as a nazi puppet - state , ruled by the [[ catholicism | catholic ]] [[ fascism | fascist ]] militia known as the [[ ustaše ]] that came into existence in 1929 , but was relatively limited in its activities until 1941 . german troops occupied [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] as well as part of [[ serbia ]] and [[ slovenia ]] , while other parts of the country were occupied by [[ bulgaria ]] , [[ hungary ]] and [[ italy ]] . = = = resistance movements = = = {{ main | people ' s liberation war }} yugoslavs opposing the [[ nazism | nazis ]] organized resistance movement . those inclined towards supporting the old kingdom of yugoslavia joined the [[ yugoslav army in the fatherland ]] , also known as the chetniks , a multiethnic , though largely serb , royalist guerilla army led by [[ draža mihajlović | dragoljub " draža " mihailović ]] . those inclined towards supporting the [[ communist party of yugoslavia | communist party ]] ( ' ' komunistička partija ' ' ) , and were against the king , joined the [[ partisans ( yugoslavia ) | yugoslav national liberation army ]] narodno oslobodilacka vojska ( nov ) , led by [[ josip broz tito ]] . [[ image : jasenovac6 . jpg | right | thumb | 250px | [[ jasenovac concentration camp # mass murder and cruelty | children in jasenovac ]] ]] the nov initiated a [[ guerrilla warfare | guerrilla ]] campaign which was developed into the largest resistance army in occupied western and central europe . the chetniks initially made notable incursions and were supported by the exiled royal government as well as the [[ allies ]] , but were soon restrained from taking wider actions due to german reprisals against the serb civilian population . for every killed soldier , the germans executed 100 civilians , and for each wounded , they killed 50 . regarding the human cost as too high , the chetniks ' terminated war activities against the germans , and the allies eventually switched to support the nov . however , nov carried on its guerrilla warfare . the [[ demography | demographic ]] loss is estimated at 1 , 027 , 000 individuals by [[ vladimir žerjavić ]] and [[ bogoljub kočović ]] , an estimate accepted by the [[ united nations ]] , while the official yugoslav authorities claimed 1 , 700 , 000 casualties . very high losses were among [[ serbs ]] who lived in bosnia and croatia , as well as [[ jew | jewish ]] and [[ roma people | roma ]] minorities , high also among all other non - [[ collaboration | collaborating ]] population . during the war , the [[ communism | communist ]] - led [[ partisans ( yugoslavia ) | partisans ]] were ' ' de facto ' ' rulers on the liberated territories , and the nov organized [[ people ' s committee ]] s to act as civilian government . in autumn of 1941 , the partisans established the [[ republic of užice ]] in the liberated territory of western [[ serbia ]] . in november 1941 , the [[ germany | german ]] troops occupied this territory again , while the majority of partisan forces escaped towards bosnia . [[ image : tito . jpg | right | thumb | [[ josip broz tito ]] during the winter of 1942 ]] on [[ november 25 ]] , [[ 1942 ]] , the [[ avnoj | anti - fascist council of national liberation of yugoslavia ]] ( ' ' antifašističko vijeće narodnog oslobođenja jugoslavije ' ' ) was convened in [[ bihać ]] . the council reconvened on [[ november 29 ]] , [[ 1943 ]] in [[ jajce ]] and established the basis for post - war organisation of the country , establishing a federation ( this date was celebrated as republic day after the war ) . = = = the liberation of yugoslavia = = = the nov was able to expel the axis from serbia in 1944 and the rest of yugoslavia in 1945 . the [[ red army ]] aided in liberating [[ belgrade ]] as well as some other territories , but withdrew after the war was over . in may 1945 , nov met with allied forces outside former yugoslav borders , after taking over also [[ trieste ]] and parts of [[ austria | austrian ]] southern provinces [[ styria ]] and [[ carinthia ]] . this was the territory populated predominantly by [[ slovenians | slovenes ]] ( and [[ croats ]] in [[ istria ]] ) . however , the nla withdrew from trieste in june of the same year . westerner attempts to reunite the partisans , who denied supremacy of the old government of the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , and the emigration loyal to the king , led to the [[ tito - šubašić agreement ]] in june 1944 , however tito was seen as a national hero by the citizens , so he gained the power in post - war independent [[ communism | communist ]] state , starting as a [[ prime minister ]] . | luftwaff | = = the second yugoslavia = = ' ' main article : [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ' ' [[ image : sfryugoslavianumbered . png | thumb | 200px | |
| 88022094 | 0 | [[ nazi germany | german ]] , [[ italian fascism | italian ]] , [[ hungary | hungarian ]] , and [[ bulgaria ]] n forces attacked yugoslavia . the [[ | luftwaff | luftwaffe ]] bombed [[ belgrade ]] and other major yugoslav cities . on [[ april 17th ]] , representatives of yugoslavia ' s various regions signed an armistice with germany at belgrade , ending eleven days of resistance against the invading german wehrmacht . more than three hundred thousand yugoslav officers and soldiers were taken prisoners . = = = the independent state of croatia = = = {{ main | independent state of croatia }} [[ image : jasenovac1 . jpg | thumb | in the [[ independent state of croatia ]] , [[ serbs ]] , [[ jews ]] and [[ roma | gypsies ]] were marched to the [[ jasenovac concentration camp ]] ]] the [[ axis powers ]] occupied yugoslavia and split it up . the [[ independent state of croatia ]] was established as a nazi puppet - state , ruled by the [[ catholicism | catholic ]] [[ fascism | fascist ]] militia known as the [[ ustaše ]] that came into existence in 1929 , but was relatively limited in its activities until 1941 . german troops occupied [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] as well as part of [[ serbia ]] and [[ slovenia ]] , while other parts of the country were occupied by [[ bulgaria ]] , [[ hungary ]] and [[ italy ]] . = = = resistance movements = = = {{ main | people ' s liberation war }} yugoslavs opposing the [[ nazism | nazis ]] organized resistance movement . those inclined towards supporting the old kingdom of yugoslavia joined the [[ yugoslav army in the fatherland ]] , also known as the chetniks , a multiethnic , though largely serb , royalist guerilla army led by [[ draža mihajlović | dragoljub " draža " mihailović ]] . those inclined towards supporting the [[ communist party of yugoslavia | communist party ]] ( ' ' komunistička partija ' ' ) , and were against the king , joined the [[ partisans ( yugoslavia ) | yugoslav national liberation army ]] narodno oslobodilacka vojska ( nov ) , led by [[ josip broz tito ]] . [[ image : jasenovac6 . jpg | right | thumb | 250px | [[ jasenovac concentration camp # mass murder and cruelty | children in jasenovac ]] ]] the nov initiated a [[ guerrilla warfare | guerrilla ]] campaign which was developed into the largest resistance army in occupied western and central europe . the chetniks initially made notable incursions and were supported by the exiled royal government as well as the [[ allies ]] , but were soon restrained from taking wider actions due to german reprisals against the serb civilian population . for every killed soldier , the germans executed 100 civilians , and for each wounded , they killed 50 . regarding the human cost as too high , the chetniks ' terminated war activities against the germans , and the allies eventually switched to support the nov . however , nov carried on its guerrilla warfare . the [[ demography | demographic ]] loss is estimated at 1 , 027 , 000 individuals by [[ vladimir žerjavić ]] and [[ bogoljub kočović ]] , an estimate accepted by the [[ united nations ]] , while the official yugoslav authorities claimed 1 , 700 , 000 casualties . very high losses were among [[ serbs ]] who lived in bosnia and croatia , as well as [[ jew | jewish ]] and [[ roma people | roma ]] minorities , high also among all other non - [[ collaboration | collaborating ]] population . during the war , the [[ communism | communist ]] - led [[ partisans ( yugoslavia ) | partisans ]] were ' ' de facto ' ' rulers on the liberated territories , and the nov organized [[ people ' s committee ]] s to act as civilian government . in autumn of 1941 , the partisans established the [[ republic of užice ]] in the liberated territory of western [[ serbia ]] . in november 1941 , the [[ germany | german ]] troops occupied this territory again , while the majority of partisan forces escaped towards bosnia . [[ image : tito . jpg | right | thumb | [[ josip broz tito ]] during the winter of 1942 ]] on [[ november 25 ]] , [[ 1942 ]] , the [[ avnoj | anti - fascist council of national liberation of yugoslavia ]] ( ' ' antifašističko vijeće narodnog oslobođenja jugoslavije ' ' ) was convened in [[ bihać ]] . the council reconvened on [[ november 29 ]] , [[ 1943 ]] in [[ jajce ]] and established the basis for post - war organisation of the country , establishing a federation ( this date was celebrated as republic day after the war ) . = = = the liberation of yugoslavia = = = the nov was able to expel the axis from serbia in 1944 and the rest of yugoslavia in 1945 . the [[ red army ]] aided in liberating [[ belgrade ]] as well as some other territories , but withdrew after the war was over . in may 1945 , nov met with allied forces outside former yugoslav borders , after taking over also [[ trieste ]] and parts of [[ austria | austrian ]] southern provinces [[ styria ]] and [[ carinthia ]] . this was the territory populated predominantly by [[ slovenians | slovenes ]] ( and [[ croats ]] in [[ istria ]] ) . however , the nla withdrew from trieste in june of the same year . westerner attempts to reunite the partisans , who denied supremacy of the old government of the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , and the emigration loyal to the king , led to the [[ tito - šubašić agreement ]] in june 1944 , however tito was seen as a national hero by the citizens , so he gained the power in post - war independent [[ communism | communist ]] state , starting as a [[ prime minister ]] . | = = the second yugoslavia = = ' ' main article : [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ' ' [[ image : sfryugoslavianumbered . png | thumb | 200px | |
| 89768655 | 0 | - up of yugoslavia through independence for slovenia and croatia were the [[ holy see | vatican ]] , [[ austria ]] , [[ hungary ]] , [[ germany ]] , | the [[ | us , more ambivalently , [[ italy ]] which had its own crisis of identity and looked at speeding up " democratic processes " as a way of diverting similar sentiments | ||
| 2 | and croatia were the [[ holy see | vatican ]] , [[ austria ]] , [[ hungary ]] , [[ germany ]] , us , more ambivalently , [[ italy ]] | . italy | which had its own crisis of identity and looked at speeding up " democratic processes " as a way of diverting similar sentiments in northern italy , through graphic pictures of | |||
| 7 | speeding up " democratic processes " as a way of diverting similar sentiments in northern italy , through graphic pictures of the drama unfolding in the neighbouring jugoslavia , england , | holland , | [[ | albania and even such distant countries as australia , saudi arab emirates , libia , and al - qaida ' s afghan - tested mujaheedins , trained by the cia . | ||
| 8 | democratic processes " as a way of diverting similar sentiments in northern italy , through graphic pictures of the drama unfolding in the neighbouring jugoslavia , england , holland , albania | ]] | and even such distant countries as australia , saudi arab emirates , libia , and al - qaida ' s afghan - tested mujaheedins , trained by the cia . . | |||
| 90079596 | 5 | [[ kingdom of yugoslavia # internal _ divisions | banovinas ]] in 1929 ]] = = = king alexander ' s dictatorship = = = jew country . serbia rules . | however , the balance of power changed in international relations : in [[ italy ]] and [[ germany ]] , [[ fascism | fascists ]] and [[ nazism | nazis ]] rose to power , and [[ joseph stalin | stalin ]] became the absolute ruler in the [[ soviet union ]] . none of these three states favoured the policy pursued by aleksandar i . in fact , the first two wanted to revise the international treaties signed after world war i , and the soviets were determined to regain their positions in europe and pursue a more active international policy . yugoslavia was an obstacle for these plans and king aleksandar i was the pillar of the yugoslav policy . alexander attempted to create a genuine yugoslavia . he decided to abolish yugoslavia ' s historic regions and new internal boundaries were drawn for provinces or banovinas . the banovinas were named after rivers . many politicians were jailed or kept under tight police surveillance . the effect of alexander ' s dictatorship was to further alienate the non - serbs of the idea of unity . | during an official visit to france in 1934 , the king was assassinated in [[ marseilles ]] by an experienced [[ vlado chernozemski | marksman ]] from [[ ivan mihailov | | ||
| 90579931 | 1 | [[ montenegro ]] * [[ republic of macedonia ]] * [[ serbia ]] * [[ slovenia ]] the first former yugoslav republic that joined the [[ european union ]] was slovenia | , | which applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004 . croatia applied for membership in 2003 , and could join before 2010 . republic of macedonia applied in 2004 , | ||
| 91986037 | 14 | being mobilised to fight with the allies . the yugoslav committee wanted them to fight in the yugoslav name , while [[ nikola pašić ]] ( prime minister of serbia ) | , | seeing in this a " croat army " , wanted them to fight under the serbian flag . = = = corfu agreement = = = however , during june and | ||
| 36 | of prominent political figures , including [[ ante trumbić ]] , [[ ivan meštrović ]] , [[ nikola stojanović ]] and others , from south slavic lands under the habsburg empire | , | fled to london where they began work on forming yugoslav committee and their mission was to represent the south slavs of the empire . they chose london as their headquarters . | |||
| 93000745 | 0 | the liberation of all [[ serbs ]] , [[ croats ]] and [[ slovenes ]] , non - serb members of the yugoslav committee became alarmed when the allies offered serbia | if you are reading this you are gay | lands that had not been reserved for italians . these included bosnia , herzegovina , slavonia , [[ bačka ]] and parts of dalmatia . croat members of the committee feared | ||
| 93003032 | 1 | the liberation of all [[ serbs ]] , [[ croats ]] and [[ slovenes ]] , non - serb members of the yugoslav committee became alarmed when the allies offered serbia | if you are reading this you are gay | lands that had not been reserved for italians . these included bosnia , herzegovina , slavonia , [[ bačka ]] and parts of dalmatia . croat members of the committee feared | ||
| 94995394 | 0 | yugoslavia }} [[ image : banovine kj . jpg | thumb | 300px | right | map showing [[ kingdom of yugoslavia # internal _ divisions | banovinas ]] in 1929 | . | ]] = = = king alexander ' s dictatorship = = = following this , [[ alexander i of yugoslavia | king aleksandar i ]] banned national political parties in 1929 | ||
| 20 | | 300px | thumb | right | war in former yugoslavia ]] [[ image : former yugoslavia 2006 . png | 300px | thumb | right | countries of former yugoslavia | . | ]] in september 1991 , the [[ republic of macedonia ]] also declared independence illegaly , becoming the only former republic to gain sovereignty without resistance from the belgrade based yugoslav | |||
| 98746734 | 0 | ]] . }} ]] after tito ' s death on [[ may 4 ]] [[ 1980 ]] , [[ ethnic group | ethnic ]] [[ tension ]] s grew in yugoslavia | , bolstered by open support from a number of western countries , listed in the next paragraphs | . they all used the legacy of the [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution of 1974 ]] to throw the system of decision - making into | ||
| 98954754 | 11 | minority . following this , the serbs proclaimed the emergence of serbian autonomous areas ( known later as [[ republic of serb krajina ]] ) in croatia . croatia embarked upon | the | illegal importation of arms , mainly from [[ hungary ]] , and were caught red - handed when yugoslav counter intelligence ( ' ' kos , kontra - obavještajna služba ' | ||
| 102669832 | 4 | gypsies ]] were marched to the [[ jasenovac concentration camp ]] . ]] the [[ axis powers ]] occupied yugoslavia and split it up . the [[ independent state of croatia | ]] | was established as a nazi puppet - state , ruled by the [[ catholicism | catholic ]] [[ fascism | fascist ]] militia known as the [[ ustaše ]] that came | ||
| 9 | of croatia ]] was established as a nazi puppet - state , ruled by the [[ catholicism | catholic ]] [[ fascism | fascist ]] militia known as the [[ ustaše | ]] | that came into existence in 1929 , but was relatively limited in its activities until 1941 . german troops occupied [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] as well as part of [[ | |||
| 15 | 1929 , but was relatively limited in its activities until 1941 . german troops occupied [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] as well as part of [[ serbia ]] and [[ slovenia | ]] | , while other parts of the country were occupied by [[ bulgaria ]] , [[ hungary ]] and [[ italy ]] . during this time the independent state of croatia , | |||
| 19 | and herzegovina ]] as well as part of [[ serbia ]] and [[ slovenia ]] , while other parts of the country were occupied by [[ bulgaria ]] , [[ hungary | ]] | and [[ italy ]] . during this time the independent state of croatia , along with bosnian muslims , created concentration camps for serbs , roma and jews , one of | |||
| 20 | ]] as well as part of [[ serbia ]] and [[ slovenia ]] , while other parts of the country were occupied by [[ bulgaria ]] , [[ hungary ]] and | [[ | italy ]] . during this time the independent state of croatia , along with bosnian muslims , created concentration camps for serbs , roma and jews , one of the most | |||
| 21 | well as part of [[ serbia ]] and [[ slovenia ]] , while other parts of the country were occupied by [[ bulgaria ]] , [[ hungary ]] and [[ italy | ]] | . during this time the independent state of croatia , along with bosnian muslims , created concentration camps for serbs , roma and jews , one of the most famous being | |||
| 23 | this time the independent state of croatia , along with bosnian muslims , created concentration camps for serbs , roma and jews , one of the most famous being [[ jasenovac | ]] | . a large number of men , women and children were executed in these camps , most of whom were serbs . according to [[ mile budak ]] , croatia planned | |||
| 103724188 | 0 | 000 , 000 million . after it broke in 1990 13 , 000 , 000 million and now over 10 , 000 , 000 . the population of yugoslavia will be | growinf | growing | until 2014 and then it will be going down with 40 , 000 - 50 , 000 people a year . 2006 estimates 10 , 000 , 000 . for 2050 | |
| 103885949 | 1 | joseph stalin | stalin ]] became absolute ruler . none of these three regimes favoured the policy pursued by aleksandar i . in fact [[ italy ]] and [[ germany ]] | , | wanted to revise the international treaties signed after world war i , and the soviets were determined to regain their positions in europe and pursue a more active international policy . | ||
| 104633643 | 2 | well as part of serbia and slovenia , while other parts of the country were occupied by bulgaria , hungary and italy . during this time the independent state of croatia | , along with bosnian muslims , | created concentration camps for serbs , roma and jews , one of the most famous being jasenovac . a large number of men , women and children were executed in these | ||
| 106966564 | 3 | , existed under various names , including the " democratic federation of yugoslavia ( dfy ) " ( 1943 ) , the " federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ( | fpry | fprp | ) " ( 1946 ) , and the " [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( sfry ) " ( 1963 ) . it disintegrated following the [[ yugoslav wars | |
| 107220473 | 11 | [[ slobodan milošević ]] . ]] serbian [[ communist ]] leader [[ slobodan milošević ]] sought to restore pre - 1974 serbian sovereignty , which the republics of slovenia and croatia | , | denounced as the revival of great serbian [[ hegemony | hegemonism ]] . the autonomy of [[ vojvodina ]] and of [[ kosovo | kosovo and metohija ]] was reduced , | ||
| 12 | slobodan milošević ]] . ]] serbian [[ communist ]] leader [[ slobodan milošević ]] sought to restore pre - 1974 serbian sovereignty , which the republics of slovenia and croatia denounced | this move | as the revival of great serbian [[ hegemony | hegemonism ]] . the autonomy of [[ vojvodina ]] and of [[ kosovo | kosovo and metohija ]] was reduced , though | |||
| 55 | . in the same month , the [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] ( ' ' jugoslovenska narodna armija , jna ' ' ) met with the presidency of yugoslavia | ( an eight member council composed of representatives from six republics and two autonomous provinces ) | in an attempt to get them to declare a [[ state of emergency ]] which would allow for the army to take control of the country . the representatives of [[ | |||
| 107864960 | 4 | eight member council , serbia could now count on four votes minimum - serbia proper , then - loyal montenegro , and even vojvodina and kosovo , provinces in serbia . | the [[ serbs ]] were leaving kosovo for about a century , mostly they moved north for economic reasons . but now , their numbers were falling | as a result of these events , the [[ albanian | ethnic albanian ]] miners in [[ kosovo ]] organized strikes , which dovetailed into ethnic conflict between the albanians and | ||
| 107899114 | 25 | eight member council , serbia could now count on four votes minimum - serbia proper , then - loyal montenegro , and even vojvodina and kosovo , provinces in serbia . | the stale - mate in the presidency further destabilized the country . | as a result of these events , the [[ albanian | ethnic albanian ]] miners in [[ kosovo ]] organized strikes , which dovetailed into ethnic conflict between the albanians and | ||
| 107938591 | 21 | yugoslavia }} [[ image : banovine kj . jpg | thumb | 300px | right | map showing [[ kingdom of yugoslavia # internal _ divisions | banovinas ]] in 1929 | . | ]] = = = king alexander ' s dictatorship = = = following this , [[ alexander i of yugoslavia | king aleksandar i ]] banned national political parties in 1929 | ||
| 32 | 300px | thumb | right | war in former yugoslavia . ]] [[ image : former yugoslavia 2006 . png | 300px | thumb | right | countries of former yugoslavia | . | ]] in september 1991 , the [[ republic of macedonia ]] also declared independence , becoming the only former republic to gain sovereignty without resistance from the belgrade - based yugoslav | |||
| 109143757 | 1 | * gutman , roy . : ' ' a witness to genocide . the 1993 pulitzer prize - winning dispatches on the " ethnic cleansing " of bosnia ' ' . | palgrave macmillan , 2006 | new york : macmillan , 1993 * harris , judy j . : ' ' yugoslavia today ' ' . southern social studies journal 16 ( fall 1990 ) : 78 | ||
| 110899796 | 1 | moral and material life " . the future state was to be called the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes and was to be a constitutional monarchy under the karađorđević | ]] | dynasty . = = = the unification of slovenes , croats and serbs = = = as the habsburg empire dissolved , a national council of slovenes , croats and serbs | ||
| 111868326 | 11 | 3 ]] , [[ 2006 ]] , montenegro officially declared its independence , with serbia following suit two days later , effectively dissolving the last vestige of the former yugoslavia . | = = headline text = = | = = headline text = = pussy fartin faggit = = legacy = = = = = new states = = = the present - day countries created from the former | ||
| 115465480 | 14 | . the first generation offspring of such marriages have difficulties with ethnic identification . this gave the rise to a statistical category of yugoslav ethnic determination used under yugoslavia . now | , | the offspring of mixed marriages has to either take up one of the parent ' s ethnicities or declare as undecided . remembrance of the times of the joint state and | ||
| 118636043 | 4 | if needed . respect for workers was a central concern of government and society . = = = population = = = the population of the large yugoslavia in 1980 was | 23 | 22 . 4 | million . after it broke in 1990 it was 15 . 2 million . = = = the government = = = | |
| 1378823 | 0 | [[ slovenia ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] and [[ bosnia - herzegovina ]] separated . < div style = " float : right | ; margin - left : 1em | " > [[ image : yugoslavia _ flag _ medium . png | flag of the federal republic of yugoslavia ]] < / div > as a result a federation named | ||
| 1 | slovenia ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] and [[ bosnia - herzegovina ]] separated . < div style = " float : right " | > < center | > [[ image : yugoslavia _ flag _ medium . png | flag of the federal republic of yugoslavia ]] < / div > as a result a federation named ' | |||
| 68529712 | 0 | right | thumb | 225px | an animated series of maps showing the breakup of the second yugoslavia | an animated series of maps showing the breakup of the second yugoslavia | ; the different colors represent the areas of control | < br > key : < br > {{ legend | # fe0000 | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia , federal republic of yugoslavia , serbia and montenegro , serbia }} | ||
| 93919711 | 3 | ]] organized strikes , which dovetailed into ethnic conflict between the albanians and the non - albanians in the province . at 77 % of the population of kosovo in the | 1980 ' s | 1980s | , < ref > [[ demographic history of kosovo # 1968 - 1989 : autonomy ]] < / ref > ethnic - albanians were the majority . the number of [[ | |
| 94995394 | 7 | of maps showing the breakup of the second yugoslavia | an animated series of maps showing the breakup of the second yugoslavia ; the different colors represent the areas of control | . | < br > key : < br > {{ legend | # fe0000 | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia , federal republic of yugoslavia , serbia and montenegro , serbia }} | ||
| 104541133 | 0 | albanians in the province . at 77 % of the population of kosovo in the 1980s , < ref > [[ demographic history of kosovo # 1968 - 1989 : autonomy | | population of kosovo in the 1980s | ]] < / ref > ethnic - albanians were the majority . the number of [[ slavs ]] in kosovo ( mainly serbs ) was falling fast due to the ever | ||
| 160655114 | 0 | serbs ]] , [[ jews ]] and [[ roma ]] the enemies of the state , in what was to become the begginning of the [[ genocide | jasenovac concetration camp | | genocide | ]] < ref > http : / / www . jasenovac . org / whatwasjasenovac . php < / ref > . [[ jasenovac concentration camp ]] < ref > http | ||
| 165059733 | 0 | research has determined those figures to be pure conjecture and that the real numbers amounted to c . 45000 to 50000 in total - of all nationalities from former yugoslavia . | [[ jews ]] | , < ref > http : / / www . jasenovac . org / < / ref > < ref > http : / / www . jewishvirtuallibrary . org / | ||
| 165061331 | 0 | declaring [[ serbs ]] , [[ jews ]] and [[ roma ]] the enemies of the state , in what was to become the beginning of the [[ jasenovac concentration camp | | genocide ]] | modelled on similar institutions elsewhere ] | < ref > http : / / www . jasenovac . org / whatwasjasenovac . php < / ref > . [[ jasenovac concentration camp ]] < ref > http : | |
| 165061529 | 1 | modelled on similar institutions elsewhere ] < ref > http : / / www . jasenovac . org / whatwasjasenovac . php < / ref > . [[ jasenovac concentration camp | ]] | < ref > http : / / www . pww . org / article / articleprint / 10551 / < / ref > was established . immediate post - war propaganda | ||
| 165062781 | 6 | , [[ jews ]] and [[ roma ]] the enemies of the state , in what was to become the beginning of the [[ jasenovac concentration camp modelled on similar institutions | elsewhere ] | < ref > http : / / www . jasenovac . org / whatwasjasenovac . php < / ref > . jasenovac concentration camp < ref > http : / / | ||
| 7 | [[ jasenovac concentration camp modelled on similar institutions elsewhere ] < ref > http : / / www . jasenovac . org / whatwasjasenovac . php < / ref > . | jasenovac concentration camp | < ref > http : / / www . pww . org / article / articleprint / 10551 / < / ref > was established . immediate post - war propaganda | |||
| 165278732 | 0 | to 70000 in total ( bespuća povijesne zbiljnosti ( 1989 . ) ( izvorno izvješće zemaljske komisije hrvatske ( 1946 . ) ) - of all nationalities from former yugoslavia . | , | < ref > http : / / www . jasenovac . org / < / ref > < ref > http : / / www . jewishvirtuallibrary . org / jsource | ||
| 165576243 | 1 | declared their independence , thereby ending the last remnants of the former yugoslav federation . _ _ toc _ _ shut u < gallery > image : example . jpg | | caption1 image : example . jpg | creation of yugoslavia }} ideas for a single state for all [[ south slavs | | caption2 < / gallery > = = kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes = = {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia }} = = = 1918 - 1928 = | |
| 171642391 | 0 | http : / / www . vrisak . info / index . php ? option = com _ content & task = view & id = 1910 & itemid = 2 | < | / ref > = = = = resistance movements = = = = {{ pov }} {{ main | yugoslav people ' s liberation war }} yugoslavs opposing the [[ nazism | ||
| 175632529 | 1 | . bosnian muslims were also recruited by germany . the germans proposed that the bosnians dislike of christian would make them into useful allies . however , little advantage came of | the | it . < ref > the ss , hitler ' s instrument of terror . gordon williamson < / ref > . by the end of the april 1941 , [[ | ||
| 184062418 | 9 | . consequently , concentration camps such as jasenovac modelled on similar institutions in occupied europe where established . < ref > http : / / www . jasenovac . org / | wiki | / jasenovac . html < / ref > < ref > http : / / www . vrisak . info / index . php ? option = com _ content & | ||
| 10 | : / / www . jasenovac . org / < / ref > < ref > http : / / www . jewishvirtuallibrary . org / jsource / holocaust / jasenovac | . html | # victim _ counts | < / ref > < ref > http : / / www . vrisak . info / index . php ? option = com _ content & task = view & | ||
| 13 | gypsies and jews , one of them being [[ jasenovac ]] . a large number of men , women and children , mostly serbs , were executed in these camps . | members of various yugoslav nationalities were recruited into the [[ ss ]] . bosnian muslims were also recruited by germany . the germans proposed that the bosnians dislike of christians would make them into useful allies . however , little advantage came of it . < ref > the ss , hitler ' s instrument of terror . gordon williamson < / ref > . by the end of the april 1941 , [[ independent state of croatia ]] has been created , as a chief [[ nazi ]] satellite in the region . it has acquired [[ fascist ]] racial policy , declaring [[ serbs ]] , [[ jews ]] and [[ romani people ]] the enemies of the state . consequently , concentration camps such as jasenovac modelled on similar institutions in occupied europe where established | . < ref > http : / / www . jasenovac . org / whatwasjasenovac . php < / ref > . < ref > http : / / www . | |||
| 14 | . consequently , concentration camps such as jasenovac modelled on similar institutions in occupied europe where established . < ref > http : / / www . jasenovac . org / | whatwasjasenovac . php < | / ref > . < ref > http : / / www . pww . org / article / articleprint / 10551 / < / ref > . immediate post - | |||
| 199794389 | 0 | is legal thus far . the " territory " not province of kosovo was not legally separated from serbia . any flag , or rcognition thus far is a lie . | look up territory and you will see kosovo fit that description . only republic ' s of the former yugoslavia were the equivalent to provinces . if one declares kosovo a province , one might s well declare that toronto is a province , london england is a province as well . kosovo is not only currently illegal , but it is not , nor was it ever an " autonomous province " . it was an " autonomous territory " . look up nunavut , northwest territoris and the yukon in canada and you will see those chunk of lands are not provinces either , but " territories " . dispute me all you want , i can back my claims if need be by what a province or a territory are . if kosovo is a provnce , than why is kosovo on foeign aid ? ? why is serbia still paying its foreign debt ? why is it not stable and on its own ? kosovo as of the momment is a u . s . , nato and eu military colony . its not an idenependant country , its a u . s . military colony . search " fort bondsteel " , that type of military occupation suggests " colonialism " . i can make more than these claims or examples as to why kosovo never was a province of serbia , but a territory and why it is not legal . | < / gallery > = = = remaining cultural and ethnic ties = = = the similarity of the languages and the long history of common life have left many ties | ||
| 199794579 | 3 | or bullying by european countries like germany , france , britain or the u . s . do not speak for the entire planet about kosovo . no map of kosovo | is legal thus far . the " territory " not province of kosovo was not legally separated from serbia . any flag , or rcognition thus far is a lie . look up territory and you will see kosovo fit that description . only republic ' s of the former yugoslavia were the equivalent to provinces . if one declares kosovo a province , one might s well declare that toronto is a province , london england is a province as well . kosovo is not only currently illegal , but it is not , nor was it ever an " autonomous province " . it was an " autonomous territory " . look up nunavut , northwest territoris and the yukon in canada and you will see those chunk of lands are not provinces either , but " territories " . dispute me all you want , i can back my claims if need be by what a province or a territory are . if kosovo is a provnce , than why is kosovo on foeign aid ? ? why is serbia still paying its foreign debt ? why is it not stable and on its own ? kosovo as of the momment is a u . s . , nato and eu military colony . its not an idenependant country , its a u . s . military colony . search " fort bondsteel " , that type of military occupation suggests " colonialism " . i can make more than these claims or examples as to why kosovo never was a province of serbia , but a territory and why it is not legal . | ( pending full international recognition ) | < / gallery > = = = remaining cultural and ethnic ties = = = the similarity of the languages and the long history of common life have left many ties | |
| 199794926 | 2 | montenegro . svg | montenegro image : flag of serbia . svg | serbia image : flag of slovenia . svg | slovenia image : flag _ of _ kosovo . | svg | kosovo ( pending full international recognition ) | must i declare that i am a billionaire , when i don ' t even have a penny ? | < / gallery > = = = remaining cultural and ethnic ties = = = the similarity of the languages and the long history of common life have left many ties | |
| 199795049 | 4 | montenegro . svg | montenegro image : flag of serbia . svg | serbia image : flag of slovenia . svg | slovenia pending full recognition is not full recognition . | must i declare that i am a billionaire , when i don ' t even have a penny ? | svg | kosovo ( pending full international recognition ) | < / gallery > = = = remaining cultural and ethnic ties = = = the similarity of the languages and the long history of common life have left many ties | |
| 199795294 | 6 | of serbia . svg | serbia image : flag of slovenia . svg | slovenia image : flag _ of _ kosovo . svg | kosovo ( pending full international recognition | ) | " claim of quebec canada . not legal until full recognition . | < / gallery > = = = remaining cultural and ethnic ties = = = the similarity of the languages and the long history of common life have left many ties | |
| 7 | : flag of serbia . svg | serbia image : flag of slovenia . svg | slovenia image : flag _ of _ kosovo . svg | kosovo ( pending full | international | recognition ) < / gallery > = = = remaining cultural and ethnic ties = = = the similarity of the languages and the long history of common life have left | |||
| 199795480 | 6 | svg | slovenia no kosovo until full recgnition of the world and respect of international law . i ' m sorry , but i can make a " pending full recognition | " claim of quebec canada . not legal until full recognition . | ) | < / gallery > = = = remaining cultural and ethnic ties = = = the similarity of the languages and the long history of common life have left many ties | |
| 199795956 | 0 | serbia . svg | serbia image : flag of slovenia . svg | slovenia image : flag _ of _ kosovo . svg | kosovo ( pending full international recognition ) | play hard ball , but this flag is still illegal under interntional law . | < / gallery > = = = remaining cultural and ethnic ties = = = the similarity of the languages and the long history of common life have left many ties | ||
| 199796056 | 1 | montenegro . svg | montenegro image : flag of serbia . svg | serbia image : flag of slovenia . svg | slovenia | kosovo ( pending full international recognition ) | play hard ball , but this flag is still illegal under interntional law . | < / gallery > = = = remaining cultural and ethnic ties = = = the similarity of the languages and the long history of common life have left many ties | ||
| 199796548 | 0 | serbia . svg | serbia image : flag of slovenia . svg | slovenia image : flag _ of _ kosovo . svg | kosovo ( pending full international recognition ) | : flag and " nation currently illegal " , or as legal as quebec , scotland , republika srpska , skadar , epirus , marseilles , and the former confederate states of the u . s . you decide , but until the world agrees , the world map and the flag is wrong . its called " international law " respect it , or enjoy anarchy and bloodshed . | < / gallery > = = = remaining cultural and ethnic ties = = = the similarity of the languages and the long history of common life have left many ties | ||
| 199796772 | 1 | of montenegro . svg | montenegro image : flag of serbia . svg | serbia image : flag of slovenia . svg | slovenia kosovo ( pending full international recognition ) | : flag and " nation currently illegal " , or as legal as quebec , scotland , republika srpska , skadar , epirus , marseilles , and the former confederate states of the u . s . you decide , but until the world agrees , the world map and the flag is wrong . its called " international law " respect it , or enjoy anarchy and bloodshed . | < / gallery > = = = remaining cultural and ethnic ties = = = the similarity of the languages and the long history of common life have left many ties | ||
| 210766615 | 3 | with them ) . ' ' see also : [[ enlargement of the european union ]] ' ' . < gallery caption = " flags of sfr yugoslavia and new recognized | states | countries | " > image : flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | sfr yugoslavia image : flag of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | bosnia and herzegovina image : flag of croatia | |
| 210773864 | 3 | of former sfr yugoslavia " > image : flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | sfr yugoslavia < / gallery > < gallery caption = " flags of the currently recognized | countries | states | " > image : flag of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | bosnia and herzegovina image : flag of croatia . svg | croatia image : flag of kosovo . svg | |
| 247935764 | 25 | albania , which is encircled with them ) . ' ' see also : [[ enlargement of the european union ]] ' ' . < gallery caption = " flags of | the | > image : flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | [[ sfr yugoslavia ]] image : flag of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] image : | ||
| 250982182 | 1 | been encircled by member - states of eu ( and albania , which is encircled with them ) . ' ' see also : [[ enlargement of the european union ]] | ' ' | with the european union | . < gallery caption = " flags of the new recognized states " perrow = 3 > image : flag of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | < center > [[ | |
| 252009872 | 0 | by member - states of eu ( and albania , which is encircled with them ) . < gallery caption = " flags of the new recognized states " perrow = | 3 | 4 | > image : flag of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | < center > [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] < / center > image : flag of croatia . svg | | |
| 252030779 | 0 | by member - states of eu ( and albania , which is encircled with them ) . < gallery caption = " flags of the new recognized states " perrow = | 4 | 3 | > image : flag of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | < center > [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] < / center > image : flag of croatia . svg | | |
| 252034361 | 0 | by member - states of eu ( and albania , which is encircled with them ) . < gallery caption = " flags of the new recognized states " perrow = | 3 | 4 | > image : flag of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | < center > [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] < / center > image : flag of croatia . svg | | |
| 257724941 | 0 | the european union . since january 1 , 2007 , they have been encircled by member - states of eu ( and albania , which is encircled with them ) . | < center > | < gallery caption = " flags of the new states " perrow = 4 > image : flag of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | < center > [[ bosnia and | ||
| 1 | encircled by member - states of eu ( and albania , which is encircled with them ) . < gallery caption = " flags of the new states " perrow = | 4 | 6 | > image : flag of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | < center > [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] < / center > image : flag of croatia . svg | | ||
| 257769716 | 44 | 2007 , they have been encircled by member - states of eu ( and albania , which is encircled with them ) . < center > < gallery caption = " | flags of the new states " perrow = 6 | > image : flag of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | < center > [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] < / center > image : flag of croatia . svg | | ||
| 284695040 | 27 | [[ serbs ]] , [[ gypsies ]] and [[ jews ]] . one such camp was the [[ jasenovac concentration camp ]] . a large number of men , women and | children , jews , serbs , and croat resistance members , were murdered in these camps | satellite | . < ref > http : / / en . wikipedia . org / wiki / jasenovac # victim _ counts < / ref > = = = yugoslav people ' | |
| 335423901 | 0 | - membership / 63428 . aspx < / ref > . montenegro presented its official application to the european union , with the hopes of gaining eu candidate status by 2009 | , although it has yet to be accepted . | < ref > [ http : / / euobserver . com / 9 / 27301 montenegro files eu membership application ] < / ref > . the remaining three republics have | ||
| 353296627 | 2 | the partisans , rather than the occupying axis forces . by the end of the war , the chetnik movement transformed into a collaborationist serb nationalist militia , completely dependent on | axis supplies | this look up operation halyard | . < ref > 7david martin , ally betrayed : the uncensored story of tito and mihailovich , ( new york : prentice hall , 1946 ) , 34 . < | |
| 353307820 | 2 | number of german reprisals . the partisains attacked the nazis but were dumb enough to forget about reprisals which resulted into more lives lost . if you want more info on | this look up operation halyard | axis supplies | . < ref > 7david martin , ally betrayed : the uncensored story of tito and mihailovich , ( new york : prentice hall , 1946 ) , 34 . < | |
| 378359503 | 1 | 2009 , although it has yet to be accepted . < ref > [ http : / / euobserver . com / 9 / 27301 montenegro files eu membership application ] | . | < / ref > . the remaining three republics have yet to apply so their acceptance generally is not expected before 2015 . these states are signatories of [[ enlargement of | ||
| 394554278 | 6 | ]] [[ bosniaks ]] and the rise of nationalism contributed to the collapse of yugoslavia in 1991 . < ref > http : / / atheism . about . com / | library / world / kz / bl _ yugoreligiondemography . htm < | / ref > = = = government = = = on 7 april 1963 , the nation changed its official name to [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] and [[ | ||
| 404799827 | 0 | the [[ autonomy | autonomous ]] provinces of [[ sap vojvodina ]] and [[ sap kosovo ]] who after 1974 were largely equal to the other members of the federation . | < ref > {{ cite web | url = http : / / news | . ) < ref > {{ cite book | last = huntington | first = samuel p . | title = [[ the clash of civilizations | the clash of civilizations | ||
| 1 | [[ autonomy | autonomous ]] provinces of [[ sap vojvodina ]] and [[ sap kosovo ]] who after 1974 were largely equal to the other members of the federation . ) | bbc . co . uk / 2 / hi / special _ report / 1998 / kosovo / 110492 . stm | title = history , bloody history | publisher = [[ bbc news ]] | date = march 24 , 1999 | accessdate = december 29 , 2010 }} < / ref > | ) < ref > {{ cite book | last = huntington | first = samuel p . | title = [[ the clash of civilizations | the clash of civilizations and | |||
| 404877640 | 2 | 12 / montenegro - applies - for - eu - membership / 63428 . aspx < / ref > montenegro presented its official application to the european union , with the | hopes of gaining eu candidate status by 2009 , although it has yet to be accepted . | [[ european union ]] | < ref > [ http : / / euobserver . com / 9 / 27301 montenegro files eu membership application ] . < / ref > the remaining three republics have | |
| 4 | union , with the hopes of gaining eu candidate status by 2009 , although it has yet to be accepted . < ref > [ http : / / euobserver . | com | pobjeda . me | / 9 / 27301 montenegro files eu membership application ] . < / ref > the remaining three republics have yet to apply so their acceptance generally is not expected before | ||
| 5 | with the hopes of gaining eu candidate status by 2009 , although it has yet to be accepted . < ref > [ http : / / euobserver . com / | 9 / 27301 montenegro files eu membership application | citanje . php ? datum = 2010 - 12 - 17 & id = 197069 crna gora od danas kandidat | ] . < / ref > the remaining three republics have yet to apply so their acceptance generally is not expected before 2015 . these states are signatories of [[ enlargement | ||
| 438819032 | 1 | - membership / 63428 . aspx < / ref > montenegro is [[ accession of montenegro to the european union | official candidate ]] for membership in the [[ european union | ]] | . | < ref > [ http : / / www . pobjeda . me / citanje . php ? datum = 2010 - 12 - 17 & id = 197069 crna gora | |
| 441313646 | 70 | , 000 were expelled , and another 200 , 000 were forced to convert to catholicism ; the victims were predominantly [[ serbs ]] but included 37 , 000 [[ jews | ]] | . < ref > {{ cite web | url = http : / / www1 . yadvashem . org / odot _ pdf / microsoft % 20word % 20 - % | ||
| 466554200 | 2 | > ! ! < center > ' ' ' capital ' ' ' < / center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' [[ flag ]] ' ' ' | < / center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' [[ coat of arms ]] ' ' ' < / center > | < / center > | - | [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] | style = " width : 7em ; font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ sarajevo | ||
| 468701811 | 28 | the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , which applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004 . croatia applied for membership in 2004 . macedonia applied in 2004 , | and will probably join by 2010 – 2015 . < ref > http : / / www . europeanvoice . com / article / 2008 / 12 / montenegro - applies - for - eu - membership / 63428 . aspx < / ref > montenegro is an [[ accession of montenegro to the european union | official candidate ]] for membership in the european union . < ref > [ http : / / www . pobjeda . me / citanje . php ? datum = 2010 - 12 - 17 & id = 197069 crna gora od danas kandidat ] . < / ref > the remaining three republics have yet to apply so their acceptance generally is not expected before 2015 . these states are signatories of [[ enlargement of the european union | various partnership agreements ]] with the european union . since 1 january 2007 , they have been encircled by member - states of the eu ( and albania , which is encircled with them ) . the [[ assembly of kosovo ]] declared independence from serbia in february 2008 . its independence is [[ international recognition of kosovo | recognised ]] by {{ numrec | kos | | un member states }} and the [[ republic of china ]] ( taiwan ) . on 8 october 2008 , upon request of serbia , the [[ united nations general assembly | un general assembly ]] adopted a resolution asking the [[ international court of justice ]] for an [[ icj advisory opinion on the legality of kosovo ' s independence | advisory opinion ]] on the issue of kosovo ' s [[ declaration of independence ]] . < ref > {{ cite news | url = http : / / www . reuters . com / article / worldnews / idustre49780c20081008 | title = u . n . backs serbia in judicial move on kosovo & # 124 ; international | agency = reuters | date = 8 october 2008 | accessdate = 20 july 2009 }} < / ref > on 22 july 2010 , the court ruled that kosovo ' s independence was not illegal | as well as culture and influence | . < ref > {{ cite web | url = http : / / www . bbc . co . uk / news / world - europe - 10730573 | title | |
| 478217075 | 19 | in 2000 , the country rescinded those aspirations and accepted the opinion of [[ badinter arbitration committee ]] about shared succession , and reapplied for and gained un membership on november | 2 , | 2000 . < ref > {{ cite web | title = fr yugoslavia investment profile 2001 | url = http : / / www . fifoost . org / jugoslaw / | ||
| 492545273 | 17 | | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : sfry slovenia . png | 60px ]] < / center > | - | } | ( {{ smaller | | < nowiki > * < / nowiki > now [[ podgorica ]] }} ) in 1947 , negotiations between yugoslavia and bulgaria were led and finalized with the [[ bled | ||
| 496000041 | 0 | = = = the ' ' yugosphere ' ' is a term used to describe the present day physical areas which formed yugoslavia , as well as culture and influence . | {{ clarify | reason = what sort of influence ? what of / from ? }} | < ref > {{ cite web | title = former yugoslavia patches itself together : entering the yugosphere | work = the economist | date = 20 august 2009 | url | ||
| 496001877 | 0 | the present day physical areas which formed yugoslavia , as well as culture and influence . {{ clarify | reason = what sort of influence ? what of / from ? | | date = june 2012 | }} < ref > {{ cite web | title = former yugoslavia patches itself together : entering the yugosphere | work = the economist | date = 20 august 2009 | | ||
| 500174054 | 1 | / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of the republic of macedonia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | [[ | montenegro | federal republic of yugoslavia | ]] < nowiki > * < / nowiki > | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ podgorica ]] | < center > [[ file | |
| 507481081 | 1 | : ' ' the three yugoslavias : state - building and legitimation , 1918 – 2003 ' ' . bloomington : indiana university press , 2006 * roberts , walter r | | walter r roberts | . ]] | : < http : / / en . wikipedia . org / wiki / walter _ r _ roberts > " tito , mihailovic , and the allies : 1941 – | |
| 537097237 | 2 | / ref > from 1992 to 2000 , some countries , including the [[ united states ]] , referred to the fry as " serbia and montenegro " . < ref | name = " serbia and montenegro " | > 1999 [[ cia ]] [[ world factbook ]] : [ http : / / www . umsl . edu / services / govdocs / wofact99 / 265 . htm serbia | ||
| 8 | = fr yugoslavia investment profile 2001 | url = http : / / www . fifoost . org / jugoslaw / yugo . pdf | publisher = ebrd country promotion programme | | page = 3 }} < | " | / ref > from 1992 to 2000 , some countries , including the united states , referred to the federal republic of yugoslavia as " serbia and montenegro " . < | ||
| 9 | ref > from 1992 to 2000 , some countries , including the united states , referred to the federal republic of yugoslavia as " serbia and montenegro " . < ref | > 1999 [[ cia ]] [[ world factbook ]] : [ http : | name = " serbia and montenegro " | / / www . umsl . edu / services / govdocs / wofact99 / 265 . htm serbia and montenegro ] < / ref > the state was finally officially renamed | ||
| 542257478 | 1 | " . < ref name = " serbia and montenegro " / > ) in april 2001 , the five successor states drafted and then signed an agreement on succession issues | in june 2001 | , signing the agreement three months later | . < ref > {{ cite web | url = http : / / www . dipublico . com . ar / english / yugoslav - agreement - on - succession | |
| 542257709 | 0 | = " serbia and montenegro " / > ) in april 2001 , the five successor states extant at the time drafted an agreement on succession issues , signing the agreement | three months later | in june 2001 | . < ref > {{ cite web | url = http : / / www . dipublico . com . ar / english / yugoslav - agreement - on - succession | |
| 542274104 | 0 | by other former republics . the united nations also [[ united nations security council resolution 777 | denied its request to automatically continue the membership of the former state ]] . | < ref name = " mpil . de " | < ref name = " mpil . de " > {{ cite book | url = http : | / > eventually , after the [[ overthrow of slobodan milošević ]] from power as president of the federation in 2000 , the country dropped those aspirations , accepted the opinion | |
| 551604287 | 2 | yadvashem . org . il / about _ holocaust / month _ in _ holocaust / april / april _ chronology / chronology _ 1941 _ april _ 06 . html | ] {{ dead link | date = april 2013 }} | < / ref > = = world war ii = = [[ file : stjepan filipovic . jpg | thumb | right | 150px | [[ yugoslav partisans | partisan ]] | ||
| 4 | name = " atheism . about . com " > http : / / atheism . about . com / library / world / kz / bl _ yugoreligiondemography . htm | | title = yugoslavia - religious demographics | publisher = atheism . about . com | date = 2009 - 12 - 16 | accessdate = 2013 - 04 - 22 }} | < / ref > after the rise of communism , a survey taken in 1964 showed that just over 70 % of the total population of yugoslavia considered themselves to be | |||
| 567916113 | 1 | 2000 , the fry rescinded those aspirations , accepting the opinion of the [[ badinter arbitration committee ]] about shared succession , and reapplied for and gained un membership on november | 2 , | 2000 . < ref name = " ebrd country promotion programme " > {{ cite web | title = fr yugoslavia investment profile 2001 | url = http : / / | ||
| 575358692 | 8 | ( the [[ kingdom of montenegro ]] was annexed on 13 november 1918 , and the conference of ambassadors in paris gave international recognition to the union on 13 july 1922 | ) | . < ref > http : / / www . orderofdanilo . org / en / family / index . htm < / ref > the kingdom of yugoslavia was invaded | ||
| 578690791 | 13 | ( which had annexed the [[ kingdom of montenegro ]] on 13 november ) . the conference of ambassadors in paris gave international recognition to the union on 13 july 1922 | . | at | < ref > http : / / www . orderofdanilo . org / en / family / index . htm < / ref > the kingdom of yugoslavia was [[ invasion | |
| 578696012 | 0 | | 300px | general location of yugoslavia . established with the [[ treaty of rapallo , 1920 | treaty of rapallo ]] < ref name = " spencer tucker 2005 " | > ' ' ' cite error : the named reference spencer _ tucker _ 2005 was invoked but never defined ' ' ' < | / > , the western border left a population of half a million slavs < ref name = " hehnp _ low _ dishonest _ decade " > hehn , paul | ||
| 578738507 | 0 | yugoslavia location map . svg | thumb | right | 300px | general location of yugoslavia . established with the [[ treaty of rapallo , 1920 | treaty of rapallo ]] | , the western border left a population of half a million slavs | < ref name = " spencer tucker 2005 " > ' ' ' cite error : the named reference spencer _ tucker _ 2005 was invoked but never defined ' ' | ||
| 4 | , 1920 | treaty of rapallo ]] < ref name = " spencer tucker 2005 " > ' ' ' cite error : the named reference spencer _ tucker _ 2005 | was invoked but never defined ' ' ' | a political , social , and military history ' ' . santa barbara , california , usa : abc - clio , | < / ref > , the western border left a population of half a million slavs < ref name = " hehnp _ low _ dishonest _ decade " > hehn | ||
| 588346260 | 1 | countries , including the united states , had referred to the fry as ' ' serbia and montenegro ' ' . < ref name = " serbia and montenegro " / | / www . umsl . edu / services / govdocs / wofact99 / 265 . htm serbia and montenegro ] < / ref | > ) in april 2001 , the five successor states extant at the time drafted an agreement on succession issues , signing the agreement in june 2001 . < ref > | ||
| 616725219 | 0 | was determined to lead an independent communist state , starting as a prime minister . he had the support of moscow and london and led by far the strongest partisan force | with 800 , 000 men | . < ref > michael lees , ' ' the rape of serbia : the british role in tito ' s grab for power , 1943 - 1944 ' ' ( | ||
| 616888517 | 0 | = | pages = }} < / ref > however , he refused to abdicate . marshal tito was now in full control , and all opposition elements were eliminated . | he executed over 100 , 000 croats and slovenes who had collaborated with the germans . | < ref > {{ cite book | author1 = arnold and wiener | title = cold war : the essential reference guide | url = http : / / books . | ||
| 617081328 | 4 | autonomous province of vojvodina | vojvodina ]] and [[ socialist autonomous province of kosovo | kosovo ]] , which after 1974 were largely equal to the other members of the federation | ) | . < ref > {{ cite book | last = huntington | first = samuel p . | title = [[ the clash of civilizations | the clash of civilizations and | ||
| 623264122 | 2 | | general location of yugoslavia . established with the [[ treaty of rapallo , 1920 | treaty of rapallo ]] , the western border left a population of half a million | [[ south | slavs < ref name = " hehnp _ low _ dishonest _ decade " > hehn , paul n . ( 2005 ) [ http : / / books . google | ||
| 3 | general location of yugoslavia . established with the [[ treaty of rapallo , 1920 | treaty of rapallo ]] , the western border left a population of half a million slavs | ]] | < ref name = " hehnp _ low _ dishonest _ decade " > hehn , paul n . ( 2005 ) [ http : / / books . google . | |||
| 679119895 | 0 | books . google . com / books ? id = epmof1l0ibac & pg = pa28 | year = 1990 | publisher = duke university press | pages = 28 – 37 | | display - authors = etal | }} < / ref > tito criticised both [[ eastern bloc ]] and [[ nato ]] nations and , together with india and other countries , started the [[ non - | ||
| 702550312 | 18 | . the serbian royal [[ house of karađorđević ]] became the yugoslav royal dynasty . yugoslavia gained international recognition on 13 july 1922 at the [[ conference of ambassadors ]] in | [[ | paris . < ref > http : / / www . orderofdanilo . org / en / family / index . htm < / ref > the country was named after | ||
| 19 | the serbian royal [[ house of karađorđević ]] became the yugoslav royal dynasty . yugoslavia gained international recognition on 13 july 1922 at the [[ conference of ambassadors ]] in paris | ]] | . < ref > http : / / www . orderofdanilo . org / en / family / index . htm < / ref > the country was named after the | |||
| 702589142 | 19 | of karađorđević ]] became the yugoslav royal dynasty . yugoslavia gained international recognition on [[ 13 july ]] [[ 1922 ]] at the [[ conference of ambassadors ]] in [[ paris | ]] | . < ref > http : / / www . orderofdanilo . org / en / family / index . htm < / ref > the country was named after the | ||
| 715895448 | 0 | 1922 at the [[ conference of ambassadors ]] in paris . < ref > http : / / www . orderofdanilo . org / en / family / index . htm | | title = orderofdanilo . org | publisher = }} | < / ref > the country was named after the [[ south slavs | south slavic peoples ]] and constituted their first union , following centuries in which the territories had | ||
| 3 | discover / 10 . 2307 / 20694208 ? uid = 3738200 & uid = 2129 & uid = 2 & uid = 70 & uid = 4 & sid = 21100853300901 | | title = agreement on succession issues between the five successor states of the former state of yugoslavia | publisher = }} | < / ref > marking an important transition in its history , the federal republic of yugoslavia was officially renamed [[ serbia and montenegro ]] in 2003 . = = = | |||
| 720125001 | 0 | croatian [[ ustaše ]] regime murdered around 500 , 000 people , 250 , 000 were expelled , and another 200 , 000 were forced to convert to [[ catholicism ]] | ; the victims were predominantly [[ serbs | serbians ]] but included 37 , 000 jews | . < ref > {{ cite web | url = http : / / www1 . yadvashem . org / odot _ pdf / microsoft % 20word % 20 - % | ||
| 730832904 | 2 | | yugoslavia }} {{ wiktionary | yugoslavia }} {{ eb1922 poster }} * {{ wikiatlas | yugoslavia }} * [ http : / / www . ohr . int / ohr | - info | % 2dinfo | / maps / maps ] * {{ cite americana | wstitle = jugoslavia | author = milivoy s . stanoyevich | short = x }} * [ https : / / | |
| 3 | wiktionary | yugoslavia }} {{ eb1922 poster }} * {{ wikiatlas | yugoslavia }} * [ http : / / www . ohr . int / ohr - info / maps | / | / maps ] * {{ cite americana | wstitle = jugoslavia | author = milivoy s . stanoyevich | short = x }} * [ https : / / books . | |||
| 764872509 | 1 | yugoslav cities . on 17 april , representatives of yugoslavia ' s various regions signed an armistice with germany in belgrade , ending 11 days of resistance against the invading german | army ( ' ' [[ wehrmacht heer ]] ' ' ) | forces | . < ref > {{ cite web | url = http : / / www . history . com / this - day - in - history / yugoslavia - surrenders | |
| 769617323 | 0 | • }} [[ world war ii ]] {{ • }} [[ cold war ]] {{ • }} [[ yugoslav wars ]] | government _ type = [[ monarchy ]] ( 1918 | - | – | 1945 ) < br > [[ republic ]] ( 1945 - 2006 ) | | year _ start = 1918 | year _ end = 2006 | event _ start = | |
| 772834084 | 1 | . org . il / about _ holocaust / month _ in _ holocaust / april / april _ chronology / chronology _ 1941 _ april _ 06 . html ] | {{ dead link | date = april 2013 }} | < / ref > = = world war ii = = {{ main article | world war ii in yugoslavia }} [[ file : stjepan stevo filipović . jpg | thumb | ||
| 779051324 | 0 | = a history of the global economy . from 1500 to the present . | date = 2016 | publisher = cambridge university press | page = 64 | isbn = | 9781107507180 | 978 - 1 - 107 - 50718 - 0 | }} < / ref > at the same time , western economies went into recession , decreasing demand for yugoslavian imports , creating a large debt problem . in 1989 , | |
| 792851831 | 3 | yadvashem . org . il / about _ holocaust / month _ in _ holocaust / april / april _ chronology / chronology _ 1941 _ april _ 06 . html | ] | < / ref > = = world war ii = = {{ main article | world war ii in yugoslavia }} [[ file : stjepan stevo filipović . jpg | thumb | ||
| 794643300 | 2 | leading to the [[ ten - day war ]] . as slovenia and croatia fights towards independence , the serbian and croatian forces indulged into a violent and perilous rivalry . | & nbsp ; | < ref name = " : 0 " / > the [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] forces , based in barracks in slovenia and croatia , attempted to carry | ||
| 810322391 | 1 | yadvashem . org . il / about _ holocaust / month _ in _ holocaust / april / april _ chronology / chronology _ 1941 _ april _ 06 . html | | title = april 6 : germany invades yugoslavia and greece | website = arquivo . pt }} | < / ref > = = world war ii = = {{ main article | world war ii in yugoslavia }} [[ file : stjepan stevo filipović . jpg | thumb | ||
| 818985113 | 0 | cite web | url = http : / / www . orderofdanilo . org / en / family / index . htm | title = orderofdanilo . org | publisher = | | deadurl = yes | archiveurl = https : / / web . archive . org / web / 20090516203805 / http : / / www . orderofdanilo . org / en / family / index . htm | archivedate = 16 may 2009 | df = dmy - all | }} < / ref > the country was named after the [[ south slavs | south slavic peoples ]] and constituted their first union , following centuries in which the territories | ||
| 1 | profile 2001 | url = http : / / www . fifoost . org / jugoslaw / yugo . pdf | publisher = ebrd country promotion programme | page = 3 | | deadurl = yes | archiveurl = https : / / web . archive . org / web / 20110928025829 / http : / / www . fifoost . org / jugoslaw / yugo . pdf | archivedate = 28 september 2011 | df = dmy - all | }} < / ref > [[ serbia and montenegro ]] themselves broke up in 2006 and became independent states , while [[ kosovo ]] proclaimed independence in 2008 . = = | |||
| 2 | / april _ chronology / chronology _ 1941 _ april _ 06 . html | title = april 6 : germany invades yugoslavia and greece | website = arquivo . pt | | deadurl = yes | archiveurl = http : / / arquivo . pt / wayback / 20091015085557 / http % 3a / / www1 . yadvashem . org . il / about _ holocaust / month _ in _ holocaust / april / april _ chronology / chronology _ 1941 _ april _ 06 . html | archivedate = 15 october 2009 | df = dmy - all | }} < / ref > = = world war ii = = {{ main article | world war ii in yugoslavia }} [[ file : stjepan stevo filipović . jpg | | |||
| 3 | 1 . pdf | title = max planck yearbook of united nations law | chapter = participation of former yugoslav states in the united nations | pages = 241 – 243 | | deadurl = yes | archiveurl = https : / / web . archive . org / web / 20100613083054 / http : / / www . mpil . de / shared / data / pdf / pdfmpunyb / wood _ 1 . pdf | archivedate = 13 june 2010 | df = dmy - all | }} < / ref > in 2000 , milosevic was prosecuted for atrocities committed in his ten - year rule in serbia and the yugoslavia war . < ref name = | |||
| 4 | ? blogentryref = 7915 | publisher = the university of edinburgh school of law | author = ljubica spaskovska | date = 28 september 2009 | accessdate = 11 november 2011 | | deadurl = yes | archiveurl = https : / / web . archive . org / web / 20120118193603 / http : / / www . law . ed . ac . uk / ecclblog / blogentry . aspx ? blogentryref = 7915 | archivedate = 18 january 2012 | df = dmy - all | }} < / ref > the similarity of the languages and the long history of common life have left many ties among the peoples of the new states , even though | |||
| 819803596 | 0 | croatia = = new states = = according to the succession agreement signed in vienna on 29 june 2001 , all assets of former yugoslavia were divided between five successor states | . | : | < ref name = " successor agreement " / > { | class = " sortable wikitable " ! [[ list of sovereign states | name ]] ! [[ capital city | |
| 819821056 | 4 | anthem = | capital = [[ belgrade ]] | demonym = | common _ languages = | government _ type = [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ( 1918 - 45 ) | – 1929 ; 1931 – 1945 | < br / > [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( 1945 - 92 ) | title _ leader = | leader1 = | year _ leader1 = | event | ||
| 820172102 | 0 | }} < br / > ' ' ' 1943 - 1992 ' ' ' ( unofficial ) : < br / > ' ' [[ hej , slaveni ]] ' ' | ( unofficial ) | < br / > хеј , словени < br / > {{ small | " hey , slavs " }} < br / > {{ center | [[ file : united | ||
| 2 | }} < br / > {{ center | [[ file : himna kraljevine jugoslavije . ogg ]] }} < br / > ' ' ' 1943 - 1992 ' ' ' | ( unofficial ) | : < br / > ' ' [[ hej , slaveni ]] ' ' < br / > хеј , словени < br / > {{ small | " hey , | |||
| 845906915 | 0 | " down with the red bourgeoisie ! " | issue = 1968 : memories and legacies of a global revolt | journal = bulletin of the ghi | year = 2009 | | deadurl = yes | archiveurl = https : / / web . archive . org / web / 20131004072155 / http : / / www . ghi - dc . org / files / publications / bu _ supp / supp006 / bus6 _ 181 . pdf | archivedate = 4 october 2013 | df = dmy - all | }} < / ref > a more severe sign of disobedience was so - called [[ croatian spring ]] of 1970 – 1971 , when students in zagreb organised demonstrations for | ||
| 845969538 | 0 | | border ]] | image _ flag2 = [[ file : flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | 120px | border ]] | flag _ type = top : flag ( | pre | 1918 | - 1945 ) < br / > bottom : flag ( post - 1945 ) | flag _ border = | image _ coat = [[ file : coat of arms | |
| 1 | ]] | image _ flag2 = [[ file : flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | 120px | border ]] | flag _ type = top : flag ( pre - | 1945 | 1939 | ) < br / > bottom : flag ( post - 1945 ) | flag _ border = | image _ coat = [[ file : coat of arms of the | ||
| 846864398 | 5 | national _ anthem = | capital = [[ belgrade ]] | demonym = | common _ languages = | government _ type = [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ( 1918 – | 45 | 1945 | ) < br / > [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( 1945 – 92 ) | title _ leader = [[ list of presidents of czechoslovakia | president ]] | |
| 846882529 | 0 | border ]] | image _ flag2 = [[ file : flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | 120px | border ]] | flag _ type = top : flag ( 1918 | - | – | 1939 ) < br / > bottom : flag ( 1945 - 1992 ) | flag _ border = | image _ coat = [[ file : coat of arms of | |
| 847129785 | 0 | | longd = | longm = | longew = e | national _ motto = | national _ anthem = " [[ national anthem of the kingdom of yugoslavia ]] " | ( 1919 & ndash ; 1941 ) | < br / > [[ file : national anthem of the kingdom of yugoslavia . oga ]] - - - - " [[ hej , sloveni ]] " < br / | ||
| 847129796 | 1 | ; 1941 ) < br / > [[ file : national anthem of the kingdom of yugoslavia . oga ]] ( 1945 & ndash ; 1992 ) - - - - | " [[ hej , sloveni ]] " | < br / > [[ file : united states navy band - hey , slavs . ogg ]] | capital = [[ belgrade ]] | demonym = | common _ languages | ||
| 847192222 | 0 | slavs . ogg ]] | capital = [[ belgrade ]] | demonym = | common _ languages = | government _ type = [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ( 1918 – | 1945 | 1941 | ) < br / > [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( 1945 – 1992 ) | title _ leader = [[ list of presidents of czechoslovakia | president ]] | |
| 847903009 | 0 | web . archive . org / web / 20000816214535 / http : / / www . cia . gov : 80 / cia / publications / factbook / sr . html | | title = cia - - the world factbook 1999 - - serbia and montenegro | date = 16 august 2000 | publisher = }} | < / ref > in april 2001 , the five successor states extant at the time drafted an agreement on succession issues , signing the agreement in june 2001 . < | ||
| 848178886 | 0 | ]] | image _ flag2 = [[ file : flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | 120px | border ]] | flag _ type = top : flag ( 1918 – | 1939 | 1941 | ) < br / > bottom : flag ( 1945 – 1992 ) | flag _ border = | image _ coat = [[ file : coat of arms of the | |
| 856614869 | 0 | archive - date = 16 august 2000 | title = cia - - the world factbook 1999 - - serbia and montenegro | date = 16 august 2000 | publisher = | | access - date = 26 august 2018 | df = dmy - all | }} < / ref > in april 2001 , the five successor states extant at the time drafted an agreement on succession issues , signing the agreement in june 2001 . | ||
| 857748479 | 2 | _ flag2 = [[ file : flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | 120px | border ]] | flag _ type = top : flag ( 1918 – 1941 ) < | | symbol _ type = top : [[ coat of arms of yugoslavia | coat of arms ]] < small > | br / > bottom : flag ( 1945 – 1992 ) | flag _ border = | image _ coat = [[ file : coat of arms of the kingdom of |
| left_string | del_string | ins_string | right_string | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1298298 | 3 | euml ; ]] [[ pl : jugos % b3awia ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' is term casually used for any of following political entities : * [[ kingdom | ]] formed in [[ 1918 ]] under name ' ' ' kingdom | of serbs , croats and slovenes ]] , from [[ 1918 ]] to [[ 1929 ]] , * [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] from 1929 to [[ 1941 ]] * [[ | |
| 9382057 | 2 | independence from yugoslavia in [[ 1991 ]] ; macedonia followed in [[ 1992 ]] together with bosnia - herzegovina , albeit only by two out of its three constitutive peoples , | [[ | bosniaks and croats . secession of the new - formed states marked the beginning of the bloody and gruesome [[ yugoslav wars ]] . it started with a short war in | |
| 3 | from yugoslavia in [[ 1991 ]] ; macedonia followed in [[ 1992 ]] together with bosnia - herzegovina , albeit only by two out of its three constitutive peoples , bosniaks | | bosnian muslims ]] | and croats . secession of the new - formed states marked the beginning of the bloody and gruesome [[ yugoslav wars ]] . it started with a short war in slovenia | ||
| 10034644 | 2 | should live in the same country . slovenia and croatia declared independence from yugoslavia in [[ 1991 ]] ; macedonia followed in [[ 1992 ]] together with bosnia and herzegovina , | albeit only two out of the three constitutive peoples of bh did so , the [[ bosniaks | bosnian | which advocated continued union with yugoslavia . heavy pro - independence sentiment among bosnians | muslims ]] and croats . secession of the newly - formed states marked the beginning of the bloody [[ yugoslav wars ]] . these began with a short war in slovenia |
| 13337578 | 0 | highly unpopular , particularly among non - serbs , and while on a visit to [[ marseille ]] , [[ france ]] in [[ 1934 ]] , he was assassinated by | yje | the | ethnic [[ bulgarian ]] vlado chernozemski acting on behalf of [[ vmro ]] . kimg alexander ' s son and successor , [[ peter ii of yugoslavia | peter ii ]] |
| 13337668 | 2 | highly unpopular , particularly among non - serbs , and while on a visit to [[ marseille ]] , [[ france ]] in [[ 1934 ]] , he was assassinated by | the | yje | ethnic [[ bulgarian ]] vlado chernozemski acting on behalf of [[ vmro ]] . kimg alexander ' s son and successor , [[ peter ii of yugoslavia | peter ii ]] |
| 23641751 | 0 | the [[ axis powers ]] occupied yugoslavia and split it up . the [[ independent state of croatia ]] was established as a nazi puppet - state , ruled by the | far - right | catholic fascist | militia [[ ustaše ]] . [[ nazi germany | german ]] troops occupied bosnia - herzegovina as well as part of [[ serbia ]] and [[ slovenia ]] , while other |
| 1 | ]] occupied yugoslavia and split it up . the [[ independent state of croatia ]] was established as a nazi puppet - state , ruled by the far - right militia | known as the | [[ ustaše ]] . [[ nazi germany | german ]] troops occupied bosnia - herzegovina as well as part of [[ serbia ]] and [[ slovenia ]] , while other parts | ||
| 25682758 | 11 | yugoslavia . some members of the [[ serbian academy of sciences and arts ]] drafted a memorandum in the 1980s that opposed the policy of the federation and promoted serbian nationalism | in response to the growing influence of the clerics chielfy in croatia and slovenia who were now working towards luring the people of their republics to reject belgrade law | . the [[ albanians | ethnic albanian ]] miners in [[ kosovo ]] organized strikes which dovetailed into ethnic conflict between the albanian majority and the serbian minority in the province | |
| 13 | starting in [[ 1996 ]] , the albanian organization [[ kosovo liberation army ]] started terrorist actions in the southern serbian province . the situation worsened , with the serbian reaction | in form of mass deportation of | causing many ethnic - | albanians and similar militia activity , to the point that there was widespread violence and emigration . following the [[ racak incident ]] and unsuccessful [[ rambouillet agreement ]] in the | |
| 30275579 | 1 | dead under unknown circumstances . aleksandar ranković lost all of his titles and rights after a major disagreement with tito regarding state politics and ranković‘s ethnic cleansing of souther serbia ( | approx | circa | 2 milion albanians expelled to turkey ) and kosovo . sometimes ministers in government were more important than the premier , such as in the case of [[ edvard kardelj ]] |
| 32922398 | 0 | ]] and parts of [[ austria | austrian ]] southern provinces [[ styria ]] and [[ carinthia ]] . this was the territory populated predominantly by [[ slovenians ]] ( and | [[ | croats in [[ istria ]] ) . westerner attempts to reunite the partisans , who denied supremacy of the old government of the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , and the | |
| 33738425 | 14 | the [[ albanians | ethnic albanian ]] miners in [[ kosovo ]] organized strikes which dovetailed into ethnic conflict between the albanians and the non - albanians in the province . | in the 1980s , the albanians | the [[ albanians | ethnic albanian ]] miners in [[ kosovo ]] organized strikes which dovetailed into ethnic conflict between the albanians and the non - albanians in the province . | |
| 36 | memorandum in the 1980s that opposed the policy of the federation and promoted serbian nationalism in response to the growing influence of the clerics chielfy in croatia and slovenia who were | now working towards luring the people of their republics to reject belgrade law . | the [[ albanians | ethnic albanian ]] miners in [[ kosovo ]] organized strikes which dovetailed into ethnic conflict between the albanians and the non - albanians in the province . | ||
| 33836329 | 4 | ]] . starting in 1996 , the albanian organization [[ kosovo liberation army ]] started terrorist actions in the southern serbian province . the situation worsened , with the yugoslav reaction | causing | resulted in a large number of civilian deaths , and caused | many ethnic - albanians to flee their homes , to the point that there was widespread violence and emigration . following the [[ racak incident ]] and unsuccessful [[ rambouillet agreement |
| 37508256 | 9 | during these three months , the yugoslav army completed its pull - out of slovenia , but in croatia , a bloody war broke out in the autumn of [[ 1991 | ]] | . ethnic serbs , who had created the [[ republic of serbian krajina ]] in heavily serb - populated regions , with the aid of the yugoslav army , fought the | |
| 43200260 | 0 | . more than three hundred thousand yugoslav officers and soldiers were taken prisoner . [[ image : jasenovac1 . jpg | thumb | in the [[ independent state of croatia ]] | , | - | serbs , jews and gypsies marching to the [[ jasenovac concentration camp ]] ]] the [[ axis powers ]] occupied yugoslavia and split it up . the [[ independent state of |
| 43204111 | 1 | german wehrmacht . more than three hundred thousand yugoslav officers and soldiers were taken prisoner . [[ image : jasenovac1 . jpg | thumb | [[ independent state of croatia ]] | - | , | serbs , jews and gypsies marching to the [[ jasenovac concentration camp ]] ]] the [[ axis powers ]] occupied yugoslavia and split it up . the [[ independent state of |
| 43367294 | 0 | and the non - albanians in the province . at 90 % of the population of kosovo in the 1980 ' s , ethnic - albanians were the majority . the | principle | number of | slavs , mainly serbs , were fast reducing in size and would by 1999 be as little as 10 % of the two million population . serbian [[ communist ]] leader |
| 1 | non - albanians in the province . at 90 % of the population of kosovo in the 1980 ' s , ethnic - albanians were the majority . the principle slavs | , | in kosovo ( | mainly serbs , were fast reducing in size and would by 1999 be as little as 10 % of the two million population . serbian [[ communist ]] leader [[ slobodan | |
| 51123816 | 18 | reached by the end of the [[ world war i | first world war ]] in 1918 , when austria - hungary disintegrated , and the south slavs organized into the | [[ state | conditions were met for proclaiming the kingdom | of slovenes , croats and serbs ]] . this short - lived state soon , on [[ december 1 ]] , 1918 , joined [[ serbia ]] and [[ montenegro ]] |
| 21 | the [[ state of slovenes , croats and serbs ]] . this short - lived state soon , on [[ december 1 ]] , 1918 , joined [[ serbia ]] and | [[ montenegro ]] to form " the [[ kingdom of serbs , | 2 . 8 million or 23 . 7 per cent were | croats and slovenes ]] " . in the chaotic conditions that followed the break - up of austria - hungary , the formation of the new state as soon as possible | |
| 53085765 | 7 | . unlike the croats , the slovenes in the austro - hungarian empire had no historic claim to statehood , so there was no sense of loss to belgrade . during | the | 1920s serbo - croat wrangle continued and on 20 june 1928 , after months of rowing and even fist - fights in parliament , puniša račić , a montenegrin serb , | |
| 8 | unlike the croats , the slovenes in the austro - hungarian empire had no historic claim to statehood , so there was no sense of loss to belgrade . during 1920s | , | serbo - croat wrangle continued and on 20 june 1928 , after months of rowing and even fist - fights in parliament , puniša račić , a montenegrin serb , leapt | ||
| 16 | made notable incursions and were supported by the exiled royal government as well as the [[ allies ]] , but soon restrained from taking wider actions due to german reprisals against | the | serb civilian population . for a killed soldier , germans executed 100 civilians , for a wounded one , they killed 50 . following chetniks ' termination of war activities , | ||
| 59585694 | 0 | [[ 6 october ]] [[ 1918 ]] . on [[ 29 october ]] , the croatian sabor or parliament declared independence and vested its sovereignty in the new [[ state of | the | slovenes , croats and serbs ]] . the yugoslav committee was given the task of representing the new state abroad . however quarrels broke out immediately about the terms of the | |
| 63138218 | 4 | dalmatia , where relatively small numbers of italians lived compared to the surrounding slavs . although in 1915 the serbian assembly had pledged itself to work for the liberation of all | [[ | serbs , croats and slovenes , non - serb members of the yugoslav committee became alarmed when the allies offered serbia lands that had not been reserved for italians . these | |
| 5 | , where relatively small numbers of italians lived compared to the surrounding slavs . although in 1915 the serbian assembly had pledged itself to work for the liberation of all serbs | ]] | , croats and slovenes , non - serb members of the yugoslav committee became alarmed when the allies offered serbia lands that had not been reserved for italians . these included | ||
| 6 | where relatively small numbers of italians lived compared to the surrounding slavs . although in 1915 the serbian assembly had pledged itself to work for the liberation of all serbs , | [[ | croats and slovenes , non - serb members of the yugoslav committee became alarmed when the allies offered serbia lands that had not been reserved for italians . these included bosnia | ||
| 63327901 | 32 | with the help of some minor parties including the yugoslav muslim organization . shortly after the constitution was passed , old king peter died . he was succeeded by prince aleksandar | ii | i | karađorđević . croats , as well as albanians , who were angry at the serb return to kosovo , harboured grievances against the serbs . slovenes were able to extract gains |
| 63330276 | 10 | more than three hundred thousand yugoslav officers and soldiers were taken prisoners . [[ image : jasenovac1 . jpg | thumb | in the [[ independent state of croatia ]] , | [[ | serbs , jews and gypsies were marched to the [[ jasenovac concentration camp ]] ]] [[ image : radovna _ spomenik . jpg | thumb | a memorial erected to the | |
| 63521475 | 0 | paralysed and thrown into crisis . = = = breakup = = = {{ npov - section }} {{ wikify - date | june 2006 }} after tito ' s death | in | on [[ may 4th ]] [[ | 1980 , ethnic tensions grew in yugoslavia . the legacy of the constitution of 1974 threw the system of decision - making into a state of paralysis , all the more |
| 80967558 | 0 | with italians and ( less frequently ) germans against the nvo , the allies eventually switched to support the nvo . however , nvo carried on its guerrilla warfare . germans | . | , | italians , ustaše and četnici joined their forces against the nvo and that led to great civilian loss of life in most regions of yugoslavia . the [[ demography | demographic |
| 83667331 | 8 | people ' s liberation war }} yugoslavs opposing the [[ nazism | nazis ]] organized resistance movement . those inclined towards supporting the old kingdom of yugoslavia joined the [[ chetniks | ]] ( ' ' četnici ' ' known for their war crimes and atrocities against non - orthodox population , croatians , muslims etc . ) | , a serb - composed nationalistic fasicst royalist guerilla army led by convicted war criminal [[ draža mihajlović | dragoljub " draža " mihailović ]] . but very shortly after the | |
| 94927244 | 0 | yugoslavia ' ' ' is sometimes also used as a vague general term referring to those areas traditionally inhabited by [[ serbs ]] , [[ croats ]] , [[ slovenes ]] | and | , | [[ montenegrins ]] . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = = = = southern slavic state = = = the first idea of a state for all |
| 100251781 | 0 | of croatia }} [[ image : jasenovac1 . jpg | thumb | in the [[ independent state of croatia ]] , [[ serbs ]] , [[ jews ]] and [[ roma | people | | gypsies ]] were marched to the [[ jasenovac concentration camp ]] . ]] the [[ axis powers ]] occupied yugoslavia and split it up . the [[ independent state of | |
| 101445916 | 1 | ]] and [[ slovenia ]] , while other parts of the country were occupied by [[ bulgaria ]] , [[ hungary ]] and [[ italy ]] . during this time croatia | , | along with bosnian muslims created concentration camps for serbs , roma , and jews , one of the most famous being [[ jasenovac ]] . estimates point that up to 800 | |
| 4 | famous being [[ jasenovac ]] . estimates point that up to 800 , 000 men , women and children were executed in these camps , most of whom were serbs . | according to [[ mile budak ]] , | croatia , nazis and vatican had a plan to kill a third of serbs , convert a third , and ethnically cleanse the last third . = = = resistance movements | ||
| 104541133 | 1 | in the province . at 77 % of the population of kosovo in the 1980s , < ref > [[ demographic history of kosovo # 1968 - 1989 : autonomy ]] | < / ref > | , | ethnic - albanians were the majority . the number of [[ slavs ]] in kosovo ( mainly serbs ) was falling fast due to the ever increasing violence of albanians against |
| 104633643 | 0 | parts of the country were occupied by bulgaria , hungary and italy . during this time the independent state of croatia , along with bosnian muslims , created concentration camps for | anti - fascists , communists , | serbs , roma and jews , one of the most famous being jasenovac . a large number of men , women and children were executed in these camps , most of | |
| 107220473 | 17 | of [[ vojvodina ]] and of [[ kosovo | kosovo and metohija ]] was reduced , though both entities retained a vote in the yugoslav presidency council . as a result | , the | of these events , the | [[ albanians | ethnic albanian ]] miners in [[ kosovo ]] organized strikes , which dovetailed into ethnic conflict between the albanians and the non - albanians in the province . |
| 115750122 | 3 | ]] organized resistance movement . those inclined towards supporting the old kingdom of yugoslavia joined the [[ yugoslav army in the fatherland ]] , also known as the chetniks , a | multiethnic , though | largely serb , royalist guerilla army led by [[ draža mihajlović | dragoljub " draža " mihailović ]] . those inclined towards supporting the [[ communist party of yugoslavia | communist | |
| 115837604 | 0 | ]] organized resistance movement . those inclined towards supporting the old kingdom of yugoslavia joined the [[ yugoslav army in the fatherland ]] , also known as the chetniks , a | multiethnic , though | largely serb , royalist guerilla army led by [[ draža mihajlović | dragoljub " draža " mihailović ]] . those inclined towards supporting the [[ communist party of yugoslavia | communist | |
| 129945209 | 0 | [[ 1941 ]] ) , also known as the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia | first yugoslavia ]] , was a [[ monarchy ]] formed as the " kingdom of serbs , | frogs rule ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! | croats and slovenes " after [[ world war i ]] and re - named on [[ 6 january ]] [[ 1929 ]] by [[ alexander i of yugoslavia ]] . it | |
| 129945489 | 0 | [[ 1941 ]] ) , also known as the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia | first yugoslavia ]] , was a [[ monarchy ]] formed as the " kingdom of serbs , | frogs rule ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! wooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo peee pee i love ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! | croats and slovenes " after [[ world war i ]] and re - named on [[ 6 january ]] [[ 1929 ]] by [[ alexander i of yugoslavia ]] . it | |
| 133158872 | 0 | demographics = = = {{ main | demographics of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} the population of yugoslavia according to the 1981 census was 22 . 4 million . | = = = the government = = = on [[ 7 april ]] [[ 1963 ]] the nation changed its official name to [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] and [[ josip broz tito | tito ]] was named [[ president for life ]] . in sfry , each republic and province had its own constitution , supreme court , parliament , president and prime minister . at the top of the yugoslav government were the president ( tito ) , the federal prime minister , and the federal parliament ( a collective presidency was formed after tito ' s death in 1980 ) . also important were the [[ communist party of yugoslavia | communist party ]] general secretaries for each republic and province , and the general secretary of central committee of the communist party . josip broz tito was the most powerful person in the country , followed by republican and provincial premiers and presidents , and communist party presidents . a wide variety of people suffered from his disfavor . slobodan penezić krcun , tito ' s chief of secret police in serbia , fell victim to a dubious traffic incident after he started to complain about tito ' s politics . the interior minister [[ aleksandar ranković ]] lost all of his titles and rights after a major disagreement with tito regarding state politics . sometimes ministers in government , such as [[ edvard kardelj ]] or [[ stane dolanc ]] , were more important than the prime minister . the suppression of national identities escalated with the so - called [[ croatian spring ]] of 1970 - 1971 , when students in [[ zagreb ]] organized demonstrations for greater civil liberties and greater [[ croatia ]] n autonomy . the regime stifled the public protest and incarcerated the leaders , but many key croatian representatives in the party silently supported this cause , so a new [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution ]] was ratified in 1974 that gave more rights to the individual republics in yugoslavia and provinces in serbia . | = = = ethnic tensions and the economic crisis = = = the post - [[ world war ii ]] yugoslavia was in many respects a model of how to build | |
| 133158924 | 0 | demographics = = = {{ main | demographics of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} the population of yugoslavia according to the 1981 census was 22 . 4 million . | = = = the government = = = on [[ 7 april ]] [[ 1963 ]] the nation changed its official name to [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] and [[ josip broz tito | tito ]] was named [[ president for life ]] . in sfry , each republic and province had its own constitution , supreme court , parliament , president and prime minister . at the top of the yugoslav government were the president ( tito ) , the federal prime minister , and the federal parliament ( a collective presidency was formed after tito ' s death in 1980 ) . also important were the [[ communist party of yugoslavia | communist party ]] general secretaries for each republic and province , and the general secretary of central committee of the communist party . josip broz tito was the most powerful person in the country , followed by republican and provincial premiers and presidents , and communist party presidents . a wide variety of people suffered from his disfavor . slobodan penezić krcun , tito ' s chief of secret police in serbia , fell victim to a dubious traffic incident after he started to complain about tito ' s politics . the interior minister [[ aleksandar ranković ]] lost all of his titles and rights after a major disagreement with tito regarding state politics . sometimes ministers in government , such as [[ edvard kardelj ]] or [[ stane dolanc ]] , were more important than the prime minister . the suppression of national identities escalated with the so - called [[ croatian spring ]] of 1970 - 1971 , when students in [[ zagreb ]] organized demonstrations for greater civil liberties and greater [[ croatia ]] n autonomy . the regime stifled the public protest and incarcerated the leaders , but many key croatian representatives in the party silently supported this cause , so a new [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution ]] was ratified in 1974 that gave more rights to the individual republics in yugoslavia and provinces in serbia . | = = = ethnic tensions and the economic crisis = = = the post - [[ world war ii ]] yugoslavia was in many respects a model of how to build | |
| 135155283 | 14 | independence ( under [[ milan kučan ]] and [[ franjo tuđman ]] , respectively ) , while [[ serbia ]] and [[ montenegro ]] elected candidates who favoured yugoslav unity . | in croatia there was growing advocacy of " ' ' croatian state and historical rights ' ' " , the | serbs were stripped of their [[ nation ]] al and [[ constitution ]] al rights , thus becoming demoted from a constituent nation of croatia to national minority . following this | |
| 159581347 | 0 | 1995 ]] , peace signed in dayton by leaders of yugoslavia , bosnia and herzegovina and croatia * [[ 1996 ]] - [[ 1999 ]] clashes between yugoslav army and [[ | kosovo liberation army | | kla ]] * [[ march 24 ]] - [[ june 10 ]] , [[ 1999 ]] nato bombing of fr yugoslavia * [[ june ]] , [[ 1999 ]] un and | |
| 160179076 | 0 | to [[ london ]] , where they began work on forming the [[ yugoslav committee ]] to represent the south slavs of austria - hungary . these " yugoslavs " were | all homosexuals of the following backgrounds | [[ serbs ]] , [[ croats ]] , and [[ slovenes ]] who identified themselves with the movement toward a single yugoslav or south slavic state and the committee ' s | |
| 160179133 | 0 | to [[ london ]] , where they began work on forming the [[ yugoslav committee ]] to represent the south slavs of austria - hungary . these " yugoslavs " were | all homosexuals of the following backgrounds | [[ serbs ]] , [[ croats ]] , and [[ slovenes ]] who identified themselves with the movement toward a single yugoslav or south slavic state and the committee ' s | |
| 160179281 | 0 | to [[ london ]] , where they began work on forming the [[ yugoslav committee ]] to represent the south slavs of austria - hungary . these " yugoslavs " were | queers | [[ serbs ]] , [[ croats ]] , and [[ slovenes ]] who identified themselves with the movement toward a single yugoslav or south slavic state and the committee ' s | |
| 160179400 | 0 | to [[ london ]] , where they began work on forming the [[ yugoslav committee ]] to represent the south slavs of austria - hungary . these " yugoslavs " were | queers | [[ serbs ]] , [[ croats ]] , and [[ slovenes ]] who identified themselves with the movement toward a single yugoslav or south slavic state and the committee ' s | |
| 160655114 | 1 | racial policy , declaring [[ serbs ]] , [[ jews ]] and [[ roma ]] the enemies of the state , in what was to become the begginning of the [[ | genocide | | jasenovac concetration camp ]] < ref > http : / / www . jasenovac . org / whatwasjasenovac . php < / ref > . [[ jasenovac concentration camp ]] < | |
| 160655265 | 0 | policy , declaring [[ serbs ]] , [[ jews ]] and [[ roma ]] the enemies of the state , in what was to become the begginning of the [[ jasenovac | concetration | concentration | camp | genocide ]] < ref > http : / / www . jasenovac . org / whatwasjasenovac . php < / ref > . [[ jasenovac concentration camp ]] < |
| 165059312 | 1 | , were executed in these camps . many croatians were recruited into the [ ss ] . bosnian muslims were also recruited by germany . the germans proposed that the bosnians | hatred for | dislike of | christian [[ serbs ]] would make them into useful allies . however , they did little more than slaughter innocent serbian civilians , and surrendered at first signs of the soviet |
| 6 | people perished in this [[ genocide | jasenovac concentration camp ]] ( supervised directly by the [[ croatian ]] wartime politicians such as [[ ante pavelic ]] ) ; the victims | were | being | overwhelmingly of [[ serbs | serbian origin ]] , but also 40 , 000 [[ roma ]] and 32 , 000 [[ jews ]] , < ref > http : / | |
| 166530827 | 0 | the leadership of the albanian population had been pursuing tactics of non - violent resistance in order to achieve independence for the province . in 1996 , radical albanians formed the | terrorist organization | [[ kosovo liberation army ]] which carried out armed actions in the southern serbian province . the yugoslav reaction involved the indiscriminate use of force against civilian populations , and caused | |
| 166738552 | 0 | fled to [[ london ]] , where they began work on forming the [[ yugoslav committee ]] to represent the south slavs of austria - hungary . these " yugoslavs " | hahahahahahahaha | were [[ serbs ]] , [[ croats ]] , and [[ slovenes ]] who identified themselves with the movement toward a single yugoslav or south slavic state and the committee ' | |
| 166794898 | 0 | fled to [[ london ]] , where they began work on forming the [[ yugoslav committee ]] to represent the south slavs of austria - hungary . these " yugoslavs " | hahahahahahahaha | were [[ serbs ]] , [[ croats ]] , and [[ slovenes ]] who identified themselves with the movement toward a single yugoslav or south slavic state and the committee ' | |
| 172686144 | 1 | , the leadership of the albanian population had been pursuing tactics of non - violent resistance in order to achieve independence for the province . in 1996 , radical albanians formed | the terrorist organization | [[ kosovo liberation army ]] which carried out armed actions against civilian populations in the southern serbian province . the yugoslav reaction involved the indiscriminate use of force against civilian populations | |
| 184062418 | 0 | [[ bulgaria ]] , [[ hungary ]] , and [[ italy ]] . during this time the independent state of croatia created concentration camps for anti - fascists , communists , | [[ | serbs , gypsies and jews , one of them being [[ jasenovac ]] . a large number of men , women and children , mostly serbs , were executed in these | |
| 184269620 | 0 | duchy ) | styria ]] and most of [[ dalmatia ]] from the [[ cisleithania | austrian ]] part , and the crown province of [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] . | = = kingdom | yugoslavia is a waste | of serbs , croats and slovenes = = {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia }} = = = 1918 - 1928 = = = * [[ vidovdan constitution ]] * [[ |
| 192281353 | 1 | during this time the independent state of croatia created concentration camps for anti - fascists , communists , [[ serbs ]] , [[ gypsies ]] and [[ jews ]] , one | of them being | such camp was | [[ jasenovac concentration camp | jasenovac ]] . a large number of men , women and children , mostly serbs , were executed in these camps . < ref > http |
| 195260112 | 2 | ]] organized a resistance movement . those inclined towards supporting the old kingdom of yugoslavia joined the [[ yugoslav army in the fatherland ]] , also known as the chetniks , | a multiethnic , though largely | serb , royalist guerilla army led by [[ draža mihajlović | dragoljub " draža " mihailović ]] . those inclined towards supporting the [[ communist party of yugoslavia | communist party | |
| 210757366 | 3 | time slaughter in which the [[ nazis ]] made use of the earlier serbian oppression to use [[ croatia ]] n [[ fascism ]] for barbarous acts against the serbs and | also exploited anti - | attacked serbs . in response extreme | serb sentiment amongst the [[ kosovo | kosovar ]] [[ albanians ]] - and some elements in the [[ bosniaks | bosnian muslim ]] population - to bolster their rule . |
| 4 | [[ nazis ]] made use of the earlier serbian oppression to use [[ croatia ]] n [[ fascism ]] for barbarous acts against the serbs and also exploited anti - serb | sentiment amongst the [[ kosovo | kosovar ]] [[ albanians ]] - and some elements | nationalists engaged | in the [[ bosniaks | bosnian muslim ]] population - to bolster their rule . there has been one structural element in the post - world war ii yugoslav state ' | |
| 5 | [[ fascism ]] for barbarous acts against the serbs and also exploited anti - serb sentiment amongst the [[ kosovo | kosovar ]] [[ albanians ]] - and some elements in | the [[ | revenge attacks on | bosniaks | bosnian muslim ]] population - to bolster their rule . there has been one structural element in the post - world war ii yugoslav state ' s stability : | |
| 230053918 | 0 | n southern provinces [[ styria ]] and [[ carinthia ( state ) | carinthia ]] . this territory extended , more or less , to include ethnically slovene territory and was | inhabited | territory populated predominantly | by [[ slovenes ]] mixed with [[ germans ]] and [[ italians ]] in their respective countries . however , the nov withdrew from trieste in june of the same year |
| 231804261 | 2 | allied personnel were awarded the medal for the liberation of belgrade from 21st june 1961 . ]] during the war , the [[ communism | communist ]] - led [[ partisans | ( yugoslavia ) | | partisans ]] were ' ' de facto ' ' rulers on the liberated territories , and the nov organized [[ people ' s committee ]] s to act as civilian | |
| 231807278 | 3 | opposing the [[ nazism | nazis ]] organized a resistance movement . those inclined towards supporting the old kingdom of yugoslavia joined the [[ yugoslav army in the fatherland ]] , | also known as | and | the chetniks , serb royalist guerrilla army led by [[ draža mihajlović | dragoljub " draža " mihailović ]] . those inclined towards supporting the [[ communist party of yugoslavia | |
| 4 | | nazis ]] organized a resistance movement . those inclined towards supporting the old kingdom of yugoslavia joined the [[ yugoslav army in the fatherland ]] , also known as the | royalist [[ | chetniks , serb royalist guerrilla army led by [[ draža mihajlović | dragoljub " draža " mihailović ]] . those inclined towards supporting the [[ communist party of yugoslavia | communist | ||
| 5 | nazis ]] organized a resistance movement . those inclined towards supporting the old kingdom of yugoslavia joined the [[ yugoslav army in the fatherland ]] , also known as the chetniks | ]] . with the former receiving allied recognition only at the tehran conference ( 1943 ) | , serb royalist guerrilla army led by [[ draža mihajlović | dragoljub " draža " mihailović ]] . those inclined towards supporting the [[ communist party of yugoslavia | communist party | ||
| 11 | incursions and were supported by the exiled royal government as well as the [[ allies ]] , but were soon restrained from taking wider actions because of german reprisals against the | partisans , while cooperating with the occupation forces to an ever greater extent . by the end of the war , the chetnik movement transformed into a collaborationist | serb civilian population . for every killed soldier , the germans executed 100 civilians , and for each wounded , they killed 50 . regarding the human cost as too high | ||
| 24 | demography | demographic ]] loss is estimated at 1 , 027 , 000 individuals by [[ vladimir zerjavic ]] and [[ bogoljub kočović ]] , an estimate accepted by the [[ | united nations ]] , while the official yugoslav authorities claimed 1 , 700 , 000 casualties . very high losses were among [[ serbs ]] who lived in bosnia and croatia , as well as [[ jew ]] ish and [[ roma people | battle of sutjeska | | roma ]] minorities , high also among all other non - [[ collaborationism | collaborating ]] population . during the war , the [[ communism | communist ]] - led | |
| 231810308 | 27 | ]] fled to [[ london ]] , where they began work on forming the [[ yugoslav committee ]] to represent the southern slavs of austria - hungary . these " yugoslavs | " | were [[ serbs ]] , [[ croats ]] , and [[ slovenes ]] who identified themselves with the movement toward a single yugoslav or south slavic state and the committee ' | |
| 232960648 | 0 | [[ fascist italy ]] and [[ nazi germany ]] split the country apart and endorsed an extreme croatian nationalist faction called the [[ ustashe ]] which committed genocide against serbs . | some | a small faction of | bosniak nationalists joined the axis forces and attacked serbs . in response extreme serb nationalists engaged in revenge attacks on bosniaks and croats . the ethnic violence was only ended when |
| 1 | country apart and endorsed an extreme croatian nationalist faction called the [[ ustashe ]] which committed genocide against serbs . some bosniak nationalists joined the axis forces and attacked serbs . | in response | while | extreme serb nationalists engaged in revenge attacks on bosniaks and croats . the ethnic violence was only ended when the multiethnic [[ yugoslav partisans ]] took over the country at the | |
| 2 | nationalist faction called the [[ ustashe ]] which committed genocide against serbs . some bosniak nationalists joined the axis forces and attacked serbs . in response extreme serb nationalists engaged in | revenge | attacks on bosniaks and croats . the ethnic violence was only ended when the multiethnic [[ yugoslav partisans ]] took over the country at the end of the war and banned | ||
| 259187229 | 0 | demographics of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} the population of yugoslavia according to the 1981 census was 22 . 4 million . [[ changes in yugoslavian religious demographics ]] | = = = the government = = = on 7 april 1963 the nation changed its official name to [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] and [[ josip broz tito | tito ]] was named [[ president for life ]] . in the sfry , each republic and province had its own constitution , supreme court , parliament , president and prime minister . at the top of the yugoslav government were the president ( tito ) , the federal prime minister , and the federal parliament ( a collective presidency was formed after tito ' s death in 1980 ) . also important were the [[ communist party of yugoslavia | communist party ]] general secretaries for each republic and province , and the general secretary of central committee of the communist party . josip broz tito was the most powerful person in the country , followed by republican and provincial premiers and presidents , and communist party presidents . a wide variety of people suffered from his disfavor . slobodan penezić krcun , tito ' s chief of secret police in serbia , fell victim to a dubious traffic incident after he started to complain about tito ' s politics . the interior minister [[ aleksandar ranković ]] lost all of his titles and rights after a major disagreement with tito regarding state politics . sometimes ministers in government , such as [[ edvard kardelj ]] or [[ stane dolanc ]] , were more important than the prime minister . the suppression of national identities escalated with the so - called [[ croatian spring ]] of 1970 - 1971 , when students in [[ zagreb ]] organized demonstrations for greater civil liberties and greater [[ croatia ]] n autonomy . the regime stifled the public protest and incarcerated the leaders , but many key croatian representatives in the party silently supported this cause , so a new [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution ]] was ratified in 1974 that gave more rights to the individual republics in yugoslavia and provinces in serbia . | = = = ethnic tensions and the economic crisis = = = the post - [[ world war ii ]] yugoslavia was in many respects a model of how to build | |
| 259187518 | 0 | demographics of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} the population of yugoslavia according to the 1981 census was 22 . 4 million . [[ changes in yugoslavian religious demographics ]] | = = = the government = = = on 7 april 1963 the nation changed its official name to [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] and [[ josip broz tito | tito ]] was named [[ president for life ]] . in the sfry , each republic and province had its own constitution , supreme court , parliament , president and prime minister . at the top of the yugoslav government were the president ( tito ) , the federal prime minister , and the federal parliament ( a collective presidency was formed after tito ' s death in 1980 ) . also important were the [[ communist party of yugoslavia | communist party ]] general secretaries for each republic and province , and the general secretary of central committee of the communist party . josip broz tito was the most powerful person in the country , followed by republican and provincial premiers and presidents , and communist party presidents . a wide variety of people suffered from his disfavor . slobodan penezić krcun , tito ' s chief of secret police in serbia , fell victim to a dubious traffic incident after he started to complain about tito ' s politics . the interior minister [[ aleksandar ranković ]] lost all of his titles and rights after a major disagreement with tito regarding state politics . sometimes ministers in government , such as [[ edvard kardelj ]] or [[ stane dolanc ]] , were more important than the prime minister . the suppression of national identities escalated with the so - called [[ croatian spring ]] of 1970 - 1971 , when students in [[ zagreb ]] organized demonstrations for greater civil liberties and greater [[ croatia ]] n autonomy . the regime stifled the public protest and incarcerated the leaders , but many key croatian representatives in the party silently supported this cause , so a new [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution ]] was ratified in 1974 that gave more rights to the individual republics in yugoslavia and provinces in serbia . | = = = ethnic tensions and the economic crisis = = = the post - [[ world war ii ]] yugoslavia was in many respects a model of how to build | |
| 268963754 | 0 | concentration were [[ slovenia ]] 65 . 4 % , [[ serbia ]] with 63 . 7 % and [[ croatia ]] with 63 . 6 % . religious differences between | [[ | orthodox christian [[ serbs ]] , catholic [[ croats ]] , and muslim [[ bosniaks ]] and the rise of nationalism contributed to the collapse of yugoslavia in 1991 . < | |
| 1 | [[ slovenia ]] 65 . 4 % , [[ serbia ]] with 63 . 7 % and [[ croatia ]] with 63 . 6 % . religious differences between orthodox christian | ]] | [[ serbs ]] , catholic [[ croats ]] , and muslim [[ bosniaks ]] and the rise of nationalism contributed to the collapse of yugoslavia in 1991 . < ref > | ||
| 2 | . 4 % , [[ serbia ]] with 63 . 7 % and [[ croatia ]] with 63 . 6 % . religious differences between orthodox christian [[ serbs ]] , | [[ | catholic [[ croats ]] , and muslim [[ bosniaks ]] and the rise of nationalism contributed to the collapse of yugoslavia in 1991 . < ref > http : / / | ||
| 3 | 4 % , [[ serbia ]] with 63 . 7 % and [[ croatia ]] with 63 . 6 % . religious differences between orthodox christian [[ serbs ]] , catholic | ]] | [[ croats ]] , and muslim [[ bosniaks ]] and the rise of nationalism contributed to the collapse of yugoslavia in 1991 . < ref > http : / / atheism | ||
| 4 | ]] with 63 . 7 % and [[ croatia ]] with 63 . 6 % . religious differences between orthodox christian [[ serbs ]] , catholic [[ croats ]] , and | [[ | muslim [[ bosniaks ]] and the rise of nationalism contributed to the collapse of yugoslavia in 1991 . < ref > http : / / atheism . about . com / | ||
| 5 | with 63 . 7 % and [[ croatia ]] with 63 . 6 % . religious differences between orthodox christian [[ serbs ]] , catholic [[ croats ]] , and muslim | ]] | [[ bosniaks ]] and the rise of nationalism contributed to the collapse of yugoslavia in 1991 . < ref > http : / / atheism . about . com / library | ||
| 284619322 | 0 | nationalists who wished to remain in union with serbia . this resulted in the outbreak of violence and war between croats and serbs upon croatia declaring independence , which ended in | what many consider to have been an | ethnic cleansing of serbs from croatia . ]] [[ file : alijaizetbegovic1 . jpg | thumb | 150px | right | bosnian president [[ alija izetbegović ]] pushed for independence of | |
| 284695040 | 26 | , hungary , and italy . during this time the independent state of croatia created concentration camps for anti - fascists , communists , [[ serbs ]] , [[ gypsies ]] | and | the entire kingdom was to be federalized but the wwi stoped the fulfilment of those plans | [[ jews ]] . one such camp was the [[ jasenovac concentration camp ]] . a large number of men , women and children , jews , serbs , and croat |
| 287366284 | 0 | and endorsed an extreme croatian nationalist faction called the [[ ustaše ]] which committed genocide against serbs . a small faction of bosniak nationalists joined the axis forces and attacked serbs | . | while extreme serb nationalists engaged in attacks on bosniaks and croats . the ethnic violence was only ended when the multiethnic [[ yugoslav partisans ]] took over the country at the | |
| 315714928 | 1 | [[ bulgaria ]] , hungary , and italy . during this time the independent state of croatia created concentration camps for anti - fascists , communists , [[ serbs ]] , | ( | bosniaks ) [[ gypsies ]] , [[ jews ]] and [[ croats ]] opposing its ideas . = = = yugoslav people ' s liberation war = = = {{ main | |
| 315753016 | 1 | [[ bulgaria ]] , hungary , and italy . during this time the independent state of croatia created concentration camps for anti - fascists , communists , [[ serbs ]] , | [[ | bosniaks , [[ gypsies ]] , [[ jews ]] and [[ croats ]] opposing its ideas . = = = yugoslav people ' s liberation war = = = {{ main | |
| 321373235 | 0 | [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution ]] was ratified in 1974 that gave more rights to the individual republics in yugoslavia and provinces in serbia . | = = = torture island goli otok = = = intellectuals advocating democracy and cultural freedom of yugoslavia ' s nations were often arrested and tortured on the island of goli otok english " naked island " . this little prison island was built for 1000 prisoners but at times 15000 people were interred - political prisoners together with murderers . thousands of political prisoners died from torture , diseases , thirst , hunger or were shot directly on the demand of the regime in belgrade . many famous intellectuals were once prisoners on the island - - [[ special : contributions / 155 . 105 . 7 . 43 | 155 . 105 . 7 . 43 ]] ( [[ user talk : 155 . 105 . 7 . 43 | talk ]] ) 13 : 02 , 22 october 2009 ( utc ) | = = = ethnic tensions and the economic crisis = = = the post - [[ world war ii ]] yugoslavia was in many respects a model of how to build | |
| 321373407 | 0 | [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution ]] was ratified in 1974 that gave more rights to the individual republics in yugoslavia and provinces in serbia . | = = = torture island goli otok = = = intellectuals advocating democracy and cultural freedom of yugoslavia ' s nations were often arrested and tortured on the island of goli otok english " naked island " . this little prison island was built for 1000 prisoners but at times 15000 people were interred - political prisoners together with murderers . thousands of political prisoners died from torture , diseases , thirst , hunger or were shot directly on the demand of the regime in belgrade . many famous intellectuals were once prisoners on the island - - [[ special : contributions / 155 . 105 . 7 . 43 | 155 . 105 . 7 . 43 ]] ( [[ user talk : 155 . 105 . 7 . 43 | talk ]] ) 13 : 02 , 22 october 2009 ( utc ) | = = = ethnic tensions and the economic crisis = = = the post - [[ world war ii ]] yugoslavia was in many respects a model of how to build | |
| 332869188 | 1 | country , as [[ fascist italy ]] and [[ nazi germany ]] split the country apart and endorsed an extreme croatian nationalist faction called the [[ ustaše ]] which committed genocide | {{ citation needed | date = december 2009 }} | against serbs . a small faction of bosniak nationalists joined the axis forces and attacked serbs while extreme serb nationalists engaged in attacks on bosniaks and croats . the ethnic violence | |
| 336062233 | 2 | of the country were occupied by [[ bulgaria ]] , hungary , and italy . during this time the independent state of croatia created concentration camps for anti - fascists , | communists | 000 people | , [[ serbs ]] , [[ bosniaks ]] , [[ gypsies ]] , [[ jews ]] and [[ croats ]] opposing its ideas . = = = yugoslav people ' s |
| 3 | country were occupied by [[ bulgaria ]] , hungary , and italy . during this time the independent state of croatia created concentration camps for anti - fascists , communists , | 250 , 000 were expelled , and another 200 , 000 were forced to convert to catholicism , the victims were predominantly | [[ serbs ]] , [[ bosniaks ]] , [[ gypsies ]] , [[ jews ]] and [[ croats ]] opposing its ideas . = = = yugoslav people ' s liberation | ||
| 6 | time the independent state of croatia created concentration camps for anti - fascists , communists , [[ serbs ]] , [[ bosniaks ]] , [[ gypsies ]] , [[ jews ]] | and | . < ref > {{ cite web | url = http : / / www1 . yadvashem . org / odot _ pdf / microsoft % 20word % 20 - % 205930 . pdf | title = croatia | publisher = shoah resource center - | [[ croats ]] opposing its ideas . = = = yugoslav people ' s liberation war = = = {{ main | yugoslav front ( world war ii ) }} from | |
| 337642740 | 11 | the first country to be known by this name was the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , which before 3 october 1929 was known as the ' ' kingdom of serbs | , | croats and slovenes ' ' . it was established on 1 december 1918 by the union of the [[ state of slovenes , croats and serbs ]] and the [[ kingdom | |
| 337768752 | 4 | {st@rt} ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' may refer to : * [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ( 1918 - 1943 ) , initially known as the | ' ' | kingdom of serbs croats and slovenes . * [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( sfr yugoslavia ; 1943 - 1992 ) , also initially known as the democratic federal | |
| 5 | {st@rt} ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' may refer to : * [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ( 1918 - 1943 ) , initially known as the kingdom of serbs | , | croats and slovenes . * [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( sfr yugoslavia ; 1943 - 1992 ) , also initially known as the democratic federal yugoslavia ( df | ||
| 337769009 | 12 | the first country to be known by this name was the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , which before 3 october 1929 was known as the ' ' kingdom of serbs | , | croats and slovenes ' ' . it was established on 1 december 1918 by the union of the [[ state of slovenes , croats and serbs ]] and the [[ kingdom | |
| 337769485 | 4 | {st@rt} ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' may refer to : * [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ( 1918 - 1943 ) , initially known as the | ' ' | kingdom of serbs croats and slovenes . * [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( sfr yugoslavia ; 1943 - 1992 ) , also initially known as the democratic federal | |
| 5 | {st@rt} ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' may refer to : * [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ( 1918 - 1943 ) , initially known as the kingdom of serbs | , | croats and slovenes . * [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( sfr yugoslavia ; 1943 - 1992 ) , also initially known as the democratic federal yugoslavia ( df | ||
| 337777732 | 12 | the first country to be known by this name was the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , which before 3 october 1929 was known as the ' ' kingdom of serbs | , | croats and slovenes ' ' . it was established on 1 december 1918 by the union of the [[ state of slovenes , croats and serbs ]] and the [[ kingdom | |
| 338545828 | 4 | {st@rt} ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' may refer to : * [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ( 1918 - 1943 ) , initially known as the | ( [[ serbian language | serbian ]] , [[ croatian language | croatian ]] , [[ bosnian language | bosnian ]] , [[ montenegrin language | montenegrin ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] | kingdom of serbs croats and slovenes . * [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( sfr yugoslavia ; 1943 - 1992 ) , also initially known as the democratic federal | |
| 5 | {st@rt} ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' may refer to : * [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ( 1918 - 1943 ) , initially known as the kingdom of serbs | ' ' jugoslavija ' ' ; [[ serbian cyrillic alphabet | cyrillic script ]] : југославија ; literally in english : " south slavia " or " land of the [[ south slavs ]] " ) is a term that describes three political entities that existed successively on the western part of [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the 20th century . the first country to be known by this name was the | croats and slovenes . * [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( sfr yugoslavia ; 1943 - 1992 ) , also initially known as the democratic federal yugoslavia ( df | ||
| 347164096 | 4 | jpg | thumb | 150px | right | serbian president [[ slobodan milošević ]] ' s unequivocal support for the unity of serbs and opposition to the autonomy of kosovo , | further | inflamed ethnic tensions . ]] [[ file : franjotudman . jpg | thumb | 150px | right | croatian president [[ franjo tuđman ]] refused to partition croatia on ethnic lines | |
| 21 | , claiming that he would not allow bosnia to become part of a [[ greater serbia ]] which he accused the serbian government of sponsoring . the independence of bosnia was | both | against serbs ' desire for their territory to remain in yugoslavia resulted in the bosnian war . ]] [[ file : former yugoslavia wartime 1 . png | 250px | thumb | ||
| 22 | claiming that he would not allow bosnia to become part of a [[ greater serbia ]] which he accused the serbian government of sponsoring . the independence of bosnia was against | the | serbs ' desire for their territory to remain in yugoslavia resulted in the bosnian war . ]] [[ file : former yugoslavia wartime 1 . png | 250px | thumb | | ||
| 352546885 | 0 | uphold the unity of serbs , a status threatened by each republic breaking away from the federation , in addition to his opposition to the albanian authorities in kosovo , further | inflamed | enflamed | ethnic tensions . ]] [[ file : franjotudman . jpg | thumb | 150px | right | croatian president [[ franjo tuđman ]] refused to partition croatia on ethnic lines , |
| 352547076 | 0 | uphold the unity of serbs , a status threatened by each republic breaking away from the federation , in addition to his opposition to the albanian authorities in kosovo , further | enflamed | inflamed | ethnic tensions . ]] [[ file : franjotudman . jpg | thumb | 150px | right | croatian president [[ franjo tuđman ]] refused to partition croatia on ethnic lines , |
| 369520199 | 0 | state entities on the former territory of yugoslavia , 2008 . ]] {{ main | breakup of yugoslavia }} after tito ' s death on 4 may 1980 , [[ ethnic | group | hatred | | ethnic ]] [[ stress ( biological ) | tensions ]] grew in yugoslavia . the legacy of the [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution of |
| 441313646 | 99 | % , [[ serbia ]] with 63 . 7 % and [[ croatia ]] with 63 . 6 % . religious differences between [[ orthodox christian ]] [[ serbs ]] , | [[ | catholic ]] [[ croats ]] , and [[ muslim ]] [[ bosniaks ]] and the rise of nationalism contributed to the collapse of yugoslavia in 1991 . < ref name = | |
| 100 | [[ serbia ]] with 63 . 7 % and [[ croatia ]] with 63 . 6 % . religious differences between [[ orthodox christian ]] [[ serbs ]] , [[ catholic | ]] | [[ croats ]] , and [[ muslim ]] [[ bosniaks ]] and the rise of nationalism contributed to the collapse of yugoslavia in 1991 . < ref name = " atheism | ||
| 101 | 7 % and [[ croatia ]] with 63 . 6 % . religious differences between [[ orthodox christian ]] [[ serbs ]] , [[ catholic ]] [[ croats ]] , and | [[ | muslim ]] [[ bosniaks ]] and the rise of nationalism contributed to the collapse of yugoslavia in 1991 . < ref name = " atheism . about . com " / | ||
| 102 | and [[ croatia ]] with 63 . 6 % . religious differences between [[ orthodox christian ]] [[ serbs ]] , [[ catholic ]] [[ croats ]] , and [[ muslim | ]] | [[ bosniaks ]] and the rise of nationalism contributed to the collapse of yugoslavia in 1991 . < ref name = " atheism . about . com " / > = | ||
| 130 | army completed its pull - out from slovenia , but in croatia , a bloody [[ war in croatia | war ]] broke out in the autumn of 1991 . ethnic | [[ | serbs ]] , who had created their own state [[ republic of serbian krajina ]] in heavily serb - populated regions resisted the police forces of the republic of croatia who | ||
| 468701811 | 43 | [[ slovenia ]] 65 . 4 % , [[ serbia ]] with 63 . 7 % and [[ croatia ]] with 63 . 6 % . religious differences between [[ orthodox | christian ]] | [[ serbs ]] , catholic [[ croats ]] , and muslim [[ bosniaks ]] and the rise of nationalism contributed to the collapse of yugoslavia in 1991 . < ref name | |
| 488592696 | 0 | right | [[ kingdom of yugoslavia # internal divisions | banovinas ]] of yugoslavia in 1929 . ]] formed in 1918 immediately after world war i as the kingdom of serbs | , | croats and slovenes by union of the [[ state of slovenes , croats and serbs ]] and the [[ kingdom of serbia ]] . commonly called at the time a " | |
| 537097237 | 3 | province as not being enough , and demanded that kosovo become a constituent republic with the right to separate from yugoslavia . this created tensions within the communist leadership , particularly | amongst | among | communist serb officials who resented the 1974 constitution as weakening serbia ' s influence and jeopardizing the unity of the country by allowing the republics the right to separate . an |
| 568473261 | 3 | clear that serbian domination attempts and increasingly different levels of democratic standards were becoming increasingly incompatible . [[ serbia ]] and [[ montenegro ]] elected candidates who favoured yugoslav unity . | the croat quest for independence led to large serb communities within croatia rebelling and trying to secede from the croat republic . | serbs in croatia would not accept a status of a national minority in a sovereign croatia , since they would be demoted from a constituent nation of croatia and this would | |
| 610972401 | 0 | < / ref > }} under the name of ' ' ' kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ' ' ' by the merger of the provisional [[ state of | slovenes , croats and | [[ | serbs ]] ( itself formed from territories of the former [[ austro - hungarian empire ]] ) with the formerly independent [[ kingdom of serbia ]] and [[ kingdom of montenegro |
| 611563753 | 1 | . < / ref > }} under the name of ' ' ' kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ' ' ' by the merger of the provisional state of | [[ | slovenes , croats and | serbs ]] , [[ croats ]] and [[ slovenes ]] ( itself formed from territories of the former [[ austro - hungarian empire ]] ) with the formerly independent [[ kingdom |
| 614352588 | 1 | [[ serbia ]] with 63 . 7 % and [[ croatia ]] with 63 . 6 % . religious differences between orthodox [[ serbs ]] , catholic [[ croats ]] , | and | muslim [[ bosniaks ]] and the rise of nationalism contributed to the collapse of yugoslavia in 1991 . < ref name = " atheism . about . com " / > | |
| 622094862 | 14 | now count on four votes at a minimum – serbia proper , then - loyal montenegro , vojvodina , and kosovo . as a result of these events , the [[ | albanians in | kosovo albanians | ethnic albanian ]] miners in [[ kosovo ]] organized the [[ 1989 kosovo miners ' strike ]] , which dovetailed into ethnic conflict between the albanians and the | |
| 28 | count on four votes at a minimum – serbia proper , then - loyal montenegro , vojvodina , and kosovo . as a result of these events , the [[ kosovo | albanians | | ethnic albanian ]] miners in [[ kosovo ]] organized the [[ 1989 kosovo miners ' strike ]] , which dovetailed into ethnic conflict between the albanians and the non - |
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| 34484 | 6 | [[ kosovo war ]] ) . < b > [[ country codes | country code ]] ( top level domain ) : < / b > yu during most of the | 20th century , a number of states in the balkan was unified under the name of the socialist federal republic of | [[ yugoslavia ]] . all of them but [[ serbia ]] and [[ montenegro ]] left the federation in the 1990s . the united nations , and many other states ( | |
| 202246 | 1 | yu < i > from the [[ cia world factbook ]] 2000 , with some wikification : < / i > * [[ yugoslavia / history | history ]] * [[ | geography of | yugoslavia / geography | geography ]] * [[ yugoslavia / people | people ]] * [[ yugoslavia / government | government ]] * [[ yugoslavia / economy | economy ]] * | |
| 2 | world factbook ]] 2000 , with some wikification : < / i > * [[ yugoslavia / history | history ]] * [[ yugoslavia / geography | geography ]] * [[ | demographics of | yugoslavia / people | people ]] * [[ yugoslavia / government | government ]] * [[ yugoslavia / economy | economy ]] * [[ yugoslavia / communications | communications ]] * | ||
| 1212343 | 3 | right " > [[ image : yugoslavia _ flag _ medium . png ]] < / div > until [[ february 4 ]] , [[ 2003 ]] the federal republic of | ' ' ' | yugoslavia ' ' ' existed as a country in southeastern [[ europe ]] . yugoslavia formed in [[ 1918 ]] as the [[ kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ]] | |
| 1377783 | 0 | internal structure into a loose commonwealth and changed its name to [[ serbia and montenegro ]] . [[ country codes | country code ]] : ' ' ' yu = = | related articles = = * | see | [[ history of yugoslavia ]] |
| 1379155 | 0 | monarchy | kingdom ]] formed in [[ 1918 ]] under name ' ' ' kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ' ' ' , whose name changed name to the | ' ' ' | [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] in [[ 1929 ]] and existed under that name until it was invaded in [[ 1941 ]] by [[ axis powers ]] . the second was | |
| 2946043 | 0 | {st@rt} | < div style = " float : right ; margin - left : 1em " > < center > [[ image : yugoslavia _ flag _ medium . png ]] < br > [[ tricolour ]] of yugoslavia < / center > < / div > | ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( ' ' jugoslavija ' ' in all south [[ slavic languages ]] ) is a term used for three separate political entities that | |
| 3146202 | 2 | officially abolished when the state was transformed into a loose commonwealth called [[ serbia and montenegro ]] . ' ' ' see also ' ' ' [[ history of yugoslavia ]] | {{ sfry }} | [[ da : jugoslavien ]] [[ de : jugoslawien ]] [[ et : jugoslaavia ]] [[ fr : yougoslavie ]] [[ hr : jugoslavija ]] [[ nl : joegoslavië ]] [[ | |
| 5415837 | 7 | acceptance generally isn ' t expected before 2015 . see also : [[ enlargement of the european union ]] = = see also = = * [[ history of yugoslavia ]] | {{ sfry }} | [[ da : jugoslavien ]] [[ de : jugoslawien ]] [[ et : jugoslaavia ]] [[ fr : yougoslavie ]] [[ hr : jugoslavija ]] [[ nl : joegoslavië ]] [[ | |
| 5616867 | 0 | ]] . the remaining three republics have yet to apply so their acceptance generally isn ' t expected before 2015 . see also : [[ enlargement of the european union ]] | [[ category : former countries ]] | [[ da : jugoslavien ]] [[ de : jugoslawien ]] [[ et : jugoslaavia ]] [[ fr : yougoslavie ]] [[ hr : jugoslavija ]] [[ nl : joegoslavië ]] [[ | |
| 7017659 | 1 | during most of the [[ 20th century ]] . translated , the name means ' ' land of the south [[ slavs ]] ' ' ( ' ' jug ' ' | is from ' ' južni ' ' which | in ' ' jugoslavija ' ' means south ) . * the first was a [[ monarchy | kingdom ]] formed in [[ 1918 ]] as the ' ' ' [[ | |
| 7019866 | 1 | during most of the [[ 20th century ]] . translated , the name means ' ' land of the south [[ slavs ]] ' ' ( ' ' jugo ' ' | is from ' ' južni ' ' which | in ' ' jugoslavija ' ' means south ) . * the first was a [[ monarchy | kingdom ]] formed in [[ 1918 ]] as the ' ' ' [[ | |
| 7020661 | 0 | & # 12468 ; & # 12473 ; & # 12521 ; & # 12499 ; & # 12450 ; ]] [[ pl : jugos & # 322 ; awia ]] | [[ sk : juhoslávia ]] | [[ sl : jugoslavija ]] [[ fi : jugoslavia ]] [[ sv : jugoslavien ]] [[ zh - cn : & # 21335 ; & # 26031 ; & # 25289 | |
| 7346213 | 0 | {st@rt} | [[ [[ [[ = = = = = = headline text = = | ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( ' ' jugoslavija ' ' in all [[ south slavic languages ]] ) is a term used for three separate political entities that | |
| 7346221 | 0 | {st@rt} | [[ [[ [[ = = = = = = headline text = = | ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( ' ' jugoslavija ' ' in all [[ south slavic languages ]] ) is a term used for three separate political entities that | |
| 7346233 | 0 | {st@rt} | : ) | ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( ' ' jugoslavija ' ' in all [[ south slavic languages ]] ) is a term used for three separate political entities that | |
| 7702431 | 0 | {st@rt} | : ) | ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( ' ' jugoslavija ' ' in all [[ south slavic languages ]] ) is a term used for three separate political entities that | |
| 7715163 | 0 | the european union ]] = = miscellaneous = = [[ asteroid ]] [[ 1554 yugoslavia ]] is discovered by [[ milorad b . protitch ]] and named after first yugoslavia . | { disambig }} | [[ category : yugoslavia | * ]] [[ category : former countries ]] [[ da : jugoslavien ]] [[ de : jugoslawien ]] [[ et : jugoslaavia ]] [[ fr : | |
| 7912384 | 1 | ]] = = miscellaneous = = [[ asteroid ]] [[ 1554 yugoslavia ]] is discovered by [[ milorad b . protitch ]] and named after first yugoslavia . { disambig }} | uation page , see talk --> | [[ category : yugoslavia | * ]] [[ category : former countries ]] [[ da : jugoslavien ]] [[ de : jugoslawien ]] [[ et : jugoslaavia ]] [[ fr : | |
| 8718538 | 14 | lead the [[ partisans ]] that were opposing the occupation and were ' ' de facto ' ' rulers on the liberated territories , but also denied supremacy of the old | government of the | [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] government . westerner attempts to reunite partisans and emigration loyal to the king led to the [[ tito - subasic agreement ]] in june [[ 1944 | |
| 9382071 | 0 | of serbia subsequently signed the [[ corfu declaration ]] on [[ july 20 ]] , [[ 1917 ]] that declared their desire to form a new joint kingdom . = = | the | first yugoslavia = = ' ' main article : [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' [[ image : peter i karageorgevich . jpg | thumb | 200px | right | | |
| 2 | by the citizens and so he gained the power in post - war independent [[ communism | communist ]] state , starting as a [[ prime minister ]] . = = | the | second yugoslavia = = ' ' main article : [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ' ' [[ image : prfli . jpg | thumb | 200px | marshal tito | ||
| 12142265 | 0 | : / / www . vojska . net vojska . net - covering wars in former yugoslavia ] [[ category : yugoslavia | * ]] [[ category : former countries ]] | [[ ar : & # 1610 ; & # 1608 ; & # 1594 ; & # 1608 ; & # 1587 ; & # 1604 ; & # 1575 ; & # 1601 ; & # 1610 ; & # 1575 ; ]] | [[ da : jugoslavien ]] [[ de : jugoslawien ]] [[ et : jugoslaavia ]] [[ fr : yougoslavie ]] [[ ko : & # 50976 ; & # 44256 ; | |
| 12142316 | 0 | nationalist leader from montenegro , shot and killed croatian peasant party leader [[ stjepan radic | stjepan radi & # 263 ; ]] in the parliament chambers . king [[ alexander | i | of yugoslavia | aleksandar ]] used the shooting as a pretext to strengthen his power and on [[ january 6 ]] , [[ 1929 ]] he suspended the constitution , dissolved | |
| 12425395 | 0 | teaching about conflict and crisis in the former yugoslavia ] * [ http : / / www . vojska . net vojska . net - covering wars in former yugoslavia ] | * [ http : / / www . ohr . int / ohr - info / maps / maps ] | [[ category : yugoslavia | * ]] [[ category : former countries ]] [[ ar : & # 1610 ; & # 1608 ; & # 1594 ; & # 1608 | |
| 12429233 | 6 | net vojska . net - covering wars in former yugoslavia ] * [ http : / / www . ohr . int / ohr - info / maps / maps ] | * [ http : / / www . goli - otok . com / britain / golio11a _ e . htm ] | [[ category : yugoslavia | * ]] [[ category : former countries ]] [[ ar : & # 1610 ; & # 1608 ; & # 1594 ; & # 1608 | |
| 12432682 | 7 | net vojska . net - covering wars in former yugoslavia ] * [ http : / / www . ohr . int / ohr - info / maps / maps ] | * [ http : / / www . goli - otok . com / britain / golio11a _ e . htm ] | [[ category : yugoslavia | * ]] [[ category : former countries ]] [[ ar : & # 1610 ; & # 1608 ; & # 1594 ; & # 1608 | |
| 13170891 | 0 | balkan peninsula ]] in [[ europe ]] . translated , the name means ' ' land of the south [[ slavs ]] ' ' ( ' ' jug ' ' in | the word | ' ' jugoslavija ' ' means south ) . * the first was a [[ monarchy | kingdom ]] formed in [[ 1918 ]] as the ' ' ' [[ kingdom | |
| 15173931 | 0 | net vojska . net - covering wars in former yugoslavia ] * [ http : / / www . ohr . int / ohr - info / maps / maps ] | {{ commons | yugoslavia }} | [[ category : yugoslavia | * ]] [[ category : former countries ]] [[ ar : & # 1610 ; & # 1608 ; & # 1594 ; & # 1608 | |
| 22915113 | 0 | {st@rt} ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( | югославия , | ' ' jugoslavija ' ' in all [[ south slavic languages ]] ) is a term used for three separate but successive political entities that existed during most of the [[ | |
| 23004425 | 1 | {st@rt} ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( | југославија , | ' ' jugoslavija ' ' in all [[ south slavic languages ]] ) is a term used for three separate but successive political entities that existed during most of the [[ | |
| 30228431 | 0 | {st@rt} | laura is kool cuz she is the the queen ! ! ! | ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( ' ' jugoslavija ' ' in all [[ south slavic languages ]] , in cyrillic ' ' југославија ' ' ) is a | |
| 30228538 | 0 | {st@rt} | laura and ashlyn and brooke are kool cuz they are the the queens ! ! ! | ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( ' ' jugoslavija ' ' in all [[ south slavic languages ]] , in cyrillic ' ' југославија ' ' ) is a | |
| 37016800 | 0 | slobodna jugoslavija ] * [ http : / / www . burek . co . yu burek forum ] the biggest forum in ex yugoslavia region {{ commons | yugoslavia }} | * [ http : / / www . royalfamily . org / index _ eng . html / the official website of the royal family of serbia ] | [[ category : yugoslavia | ]] [[ category : former countries in europe ]] [[ ar : يوغوسلافيا ]] [[ bs : jugoslavija ]] [[ cs : jugosl % c3 % | |
| 37483757 | 0 | in ex yugoslavia region {{ commons | yugoslavia }} * [ http : / / www . royalfamily . org / the official website of the royal family of serbia ] | * [ http : / / pub18 . ezboard . com / bbalkans . com / illyria ( balkans ) forums ] - covers balkans and more ( has > 2000 members ) | [[ category : yugoslavia | ]] [[ category : former countries in europe ]] [[ ar : يوغوسلافيا ]] [[ bs : jugoslavija ]] [[ cs : jugosl % c3 % | |
| 37484865 | 0 | in ex yugoslavia region {{ commons | yugoslavia }} * [ http : / / www . royalfamily . org / the official website of the royal family of serbia ] | * [ http : / / pub18 . ezboard . com / bbalkans . com / illyria ( balkans ) forums ] - covers balkans and more ( has > 2000 members ) | [[ category : yugoslavia | ]] [[ category : former countries in europe ]] [[ ar : يوغوسلافيا ]] [[ bs : jugoslavija ]] [[ cs : jugosl % c3 % | |
| 38611298 | 0 | in ex yugoslavia region {{ commons | yugoslavia }} * [ http : / / www . royalfamily . org / the official website of the royal family of serbia ] | * [ http : / / vlib . iue . it / history / europe / yugoslavia . html www - vl : history : yugoslavia ] | [[ category : yugoslavia | ]] [[ category : former countries in europe ]] [[ ar : يوغوسلافيا ]] [[ bs : jugoslavija ]] [[ cs : jugosl % c3 % | |
| 40844515 | 0 | previously been repelled . ( as a result , the launch of [[ operation barbarossa ]] was delayed by four weeks , which proved to be a costly decision . ) | yes . | = = yugoslavia during the second world war = = at 05 : 15 on [[ april 6 ]] [[ 1941 ]] , [[ nazi germany | german ]] , [[ | |
| 40844573 | 0 | previously been repelled . ( as a result , the launch of [[ operation barbarossa ]] was delayed by four weeks , which proved to be a costly decision . ) | yes . | = = yugoslavia during the second world war = = at 05 : 15 on [[ april 6 ]] [[ 1941 ]] , [[ nazi germany | german ]] , [[ | |
| 43438993 | 0 | family of serbia ] * [ http : / / vlib . iue . it / history / europe / yugoslavia . html www - vl : history : yugoslavia ] | * [ http : / / digital . library . unt . edu / govdocs / crs / search . tkl ? q = yugoslavia & search _ crit = subject & search = search & date1 = anytime & date2 = anytime & type = form congressional research service ( crs ) reports regarding yugoslavia ] | [[ category : yugoslavia | ]] [[ category : former countries in europe ]] [[ ar : يوغوسلافيا ]] [[ bs : jugoslavija ]] [[ cs : jugosl % c3 % | |
| 44918879 | 0 | search _ crit = subject & search = search & date1 = anytime & date2 = anytime & type = form congressional research service ( crs ) reports regarding yugoslavia ] | * [ http : / / www . hirhome . com / yugo / kosovo . htm " the serbs were not oppressing the kosovo albanians " ] * [ http : / / www . hirhome . com / yugo / ihralija1 . htm " what really happened in bosnia ? " ] | [[ category : yugoslavia | ]] [[ category : former countries in europe ]] [[ ar : يوغوسلافيا ]] [[ bs : jugoslavija ]] [[ cs : jugoslávie ]] [[ bg | |
| 44939549 | 0 | search _ crit = subject & search = search & date1 = anytime & date2 = anytime & type = form congressional research service ( crs ) reports regarding yugoslavia ] | * [ http : / / www . hirhome . com / yugo / ihralija1 . htm " what really happened in bosnia ? " ] | [[ category : yugoslavia | ]] [[ category : former countries in europe ]] [[ ar : يوغوسلافيا ]] [[ bs : jugoslavija ]] [[ cs : jugoslávie ]] [[ bg | |
| 46064906 | 0 | {st@rt} ' | evan gelman put his small penis in his moms mouth ' ' italic text ' ' sick | ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( ' ' jugoslavija ' ' in all [[ south slavic languages ]] , in [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] and [[ serbian language | |
| 46064954 | 0 | {st@rt} ' | evan gelman put his small penis in his moms mouth ' ' italic text ' ' sick | ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( ' ' jugoslavija ' ' in all [[ south slavic languages ]] , in [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] and [[ serbian language | |
| 54555654 | 0 | search _ crit = subject & search = search & date1 = anytime & date2 = anytime & type = form congressional research service ( crs ) reports regarding yugoslavia ] | * [ http : / / news . bbc . co . uk / go / pr / fr / - / 1 / hi / world / europe / 4997380 . stm timeline : break - up of yugoslavia at bbc news ] | [[ category : yugoslavia | ]] [[ category : former countries in europe ]] [[ ar : يوغوسلافيا ]] [[ be : югаславія ]] [[ bs : jugoslavija ]] [[ cs | |
| 56280371 | 0 | jugoslavien ]] [[ de : jugoslawien ]] [[ et : jugoslaavia ]] [[ el : γιουγκοσλαβία ]] [[ es : yugoslavia ( desambiguación ) ]] | [[ category : yugoslavia | ]] [[ category : former countries in the balkans ]] [[ ar : يوغوسلافيا ]] [[ be : югаславія ]] [[ bs : jugoslavija ]] [[ | ||
| 57320182 | 15 | ]] , [[ 2006 ]] , montenegro officially declared its independence , with serbia following suit two days later , effectively dissolving the [[ serbia and montenegro | federal republic of | the former | yugoslavia ]] . = = further reading = = * hall , brian : the impossible country : a journey through the last days of yugoslavia . penguin books . new | |
| 59399315 | 0 | {st@rt} | {{ unreferenced }} {{ not verified }} {{ citations missing }} {{ cleanup - date | june 2006 }} | ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( ' ' jugoslavija ' ' in all [[ south slavic languages ]] , ' ' југославија ' ' in [[ serbian language | | |
| 63330276 | 3 | proved to be a costly decision . ) = = yugoslavia during the second world war = = ' ' main article : ' ' [[ yugoslavia during world war ii | }} | yugoslavia during world war ii ]] at 05 : 15 on [[ april 6 ]] [[ 1941 ]] , [[ nazi germany | german ]] , [[ italy | italian ]] | |
| 63522267 | 0 | {st@rt} | {{ cleanup - date | june 2006 }} | ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( ' ' jugoslavija ' ' in all [[ south slavic languages ]] , ' ' југославија ' ' in [[ serbian language | | |
| 74531821 | 0 | {st@rt} | {{ unreferencefgdsasdfvsdfadfhg , tryheljg , jefghekghv ' | ( ' ' jugoslavija ' ' in all [[ south slavic languages ]] , colin rules ' in [[ serbian language | serbian ]] and [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] | |
| 74543934 | 0 | {st@rt} | {{ unreferenced }} ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' | ( ' ' jugoslavija ' ' in all [[ south slavic languages ]] , colin rules ' in [[ serbian language | serbian ]] and [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] | |
| 74759876 | 0 | {st@rt} | {{ unreferenced }} | ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( ' ' jugoslavija ' ' in all [[ south slavic languages ]] , ' ' југославија ' ' in [[ serbian language | | |
| 75500223 | 0 | {st@rt} | ' | ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( ' ' jugoslavija ' ' in all [[ south slavic languages ]] , ' ' југославија ' ' in [[ serbian language | | |
| 75966431 | 1 | basis for post - war organisation of the country , establishing a federation ( this date was celebrated as republic day after the war ) . = = = the liberation | " | of yugoslavia = = = the nla was able to expel the axis from serbia in [[ 1944 ]] and the rest of yugoslavia in [[ 1945 ]] . the [[ | |
| 76003356 | 2 | for post - war organisation of the country , establishing a federation ( this date was celebrated as republic day after the war ) . = = = the " liberation | " | of yugoslavia = = = the nla was able to expel the axis from serbia in [[ 1944 ]] and the rest of yugoslavia in [[ 1945 ]] . the [[ | |
| 77952413 | 0 | {st@rt} | ' | ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( ' ' jugoslavija ' ' in all [[ south slavic languages ]] , ' ' југославија ' ' in [[ serbian language | | |
| 80304300 | 0 | had previously been repelled . ( as a result , the launch of [[ operation barbarossa ]] was delayed by four weeks , which proved to be a costly decision . | even in defeat , jugoslavs were beating germans , time and again . | ) = = yugoslavia during the second world war = = = = = the [[ invasion of yugoslavia ]] = = = at 5 : 15 a . m . | |
| 80314145 | 22 | had previously been repelled . ( as a result , the launch of [[ operation barbarossa ]] was delayed by four weeks , which proved to be a costly decision . | even in defeat , jugoslavs were beating germans , time and again . | ) = = yugoslavia during the second world war = = = = = the [[ invasion of yugoslavia ]] = = = at 5 : 15 a . m . | |
| 83862003 | 0 | {st@rt} | [[ image : locationkingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes . png | thumb | right | 200px | general location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . ]] | ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( ' ' jugoslavija ' ' in all [[ south slavic languages ]] , ' ' југославија ' ' in [[ serbian language | | |
| 41 | most of the [[ 20th century ]] on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in [[ europe ]] . the name means ' ' land of the [[ south slavs ]] ' | ' ( " jug " meaning " south " ) . the ' ' ' [[ | kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' , also known as the first yugoslavia , was a [[ monarchy | kingdom ]] formed on [[ december 1 ]] , [[ 1918 | ||
| 85302648 | 0 | }} [[ image : locationkingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes . png | thumb | right | 200px | general location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . ]] | emily rockz ! ! go vikings ! ! ! go back to olph you impostes ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ms . kerns is awesome ! ! ! | ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( ' ' jugoslavija ' ' in [[ south slavic languages ]] , ' ' југославија ' ' ( [[ serbian language | serbian | |
| 85302695 | 0 | }} [[ image : locationkingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes . png | thumb | right | 200px | general location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . ]] | emily rockz ! ! go vikings ! ! ! go back to olph you impostes ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ms . kerns is awesome ! ! ! | ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( ' ' jugoslavija ' ' in [[ south slavic languages ]] , ' ' југославија ' ' ( [[ serbian language | serbian | |
| 87847188 | 0 | , exiled paul , and ended the regency , giving 17 year old [[ peter ii of yugoslavia | king peter ]] full powers . = = = the beginning of | wwii | world war ii | in yugoslavia = = = [[ adolf hitler | hitler ]] then decided to attack yugoslavia on [[ april 6th ]] 1941 , followed immediately by an invasion of [[ greece |
| 88862349 | 0 | / go / pr / fr / - / 1 / hi / world / europe / 4997380 . stm timeline : break - up of yugoslavia at bbc news ] | there is no more yugoslavia | [[ category : yugoslavia | ]] [[ category : former countries in the balkans ]] [[ category : former countries in europe ]] [[ ar : يوغوسلافيا ]] [[ be : | |
| 93924283 | 3 | [[ ca : iugoslàvia ]] [[ cs : jugoslávie ]] [[ da : jugoslavien ]] [[ de : jugoslawien ]] [[ et : jugoslaavia ]] [[ el : γιουγκοσλαβία ]] [[ | es | la | : yugoslavia ( desambiguación ) ]] [[ es : yugoslavia ]] [[ fa : یوگوسلاوی ]] [[ fr : yougoslavie ]] [[ ko : 유고슬라비아 ]] [[ hr : jugoslavija ]] |
| 5 | [[ fa : یوگوسلاوی ]] [[ fr : yougoslavie ]] [[ ko : 유고슬라비아 ]] [[ hr : jugoslavija ]] [[ io : yugoslavia ]] [[ is : júgóslavía ]] [[ | it | hu | : jugoslavia ]] [[ he : יוגוסלביה ]] [[ ka : იუგოსლავია ]] [[ lv : dienvidslāvija ]] [[ mk : југославија ]] [[ nl : joegoslavië ]] [[ ja : | |
| 96146898 | 0 | / go / pr / fr / - / 1 / hi / world / europe / 4997380 . stm timeline : break - up of yugoslavia at bbc news ] | {{ see also | kingdom of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ image : locationyugoslavia . png | thumb | right | 200px | general location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years . ]] | [[ category : yugoslavia | ]] [[ category : former countries in the balkans ]] [[ category : former countries in europe ]] [[ ]] [[ ar : يوغوسلافيا ]] [[ | |
| 107938591 | 23 | ]] had previously been repelled . ( as a result , the launch of [[ operation barbarossa ]] was delayed by four weeks , which proved to be a costly decision | . | ) = = yugoslavia during the second world war = = = = = the invasion of yugoslavia = = = {{ main | invasion of yugoslavia }} at 5 : | |
| 111871835 | 0 | stm timeline : break - up of yugoslavia at bbc news ] {{ see also | kingdom of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} | [[ image : locationyugoslavia . png | thumb | right | 200px | general location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years ]] | [[ category : yugoslavia | ]] [[ category : former countries in the balkans ]] [[ category : former countries in europe ]] [[ category : former slavic countries ]] {{ | |
| 127411924 | 0 | [[ category : former countries in europe ]] [[ category : former slavic countries ]] {{ link fa | no }} [[ ar : يوغوسلافيا ]] [[ be : югаславія ]] | [[ be - x - old : югаславія ]] | [[ br : yougoslavia ]] [[ bg : югославия ]] [[ ca : iugoslàvia ]] [[ cs : jugoslávie ]] [[ cy : iwgoslafia ]] [[ da : jugoslavien ]] [[ | |
| 130762151 | 0 | stm timeline : break - up of yugoslavia at bbc news ] {{ see also | kingdom of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} | * [ http : / / www . resistance - archive . org european resistance archive ( era ) ] video interviews with members of the resistance during world war ii | [[ category : yugoslavia | ]] [[ category : former countries in the balkans ]] [[ category : former countries in europe ]] [[ category : former slavic countries ]] {{ | |
| 130762743 | 0 | stm timeline : break - up of yugoslavia at bbc news ] {{ see also | kingdom of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} | * [ http : / / www . resistance - archive . org european resistance archive ( era ) ] video interviews with members of the resistance during world war ii | [[ category : yugoslavia | ]] [[ category : former countries in the balkans ]] [[ category : former countries in europe ]] [[ category : former slavic countries ]] {{ | |
| 131566036 | 0 | [[ image : locationyugoslavia . png | thumb | right | 200px | general location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years ]] | i like monkies alot if you don | ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( ' ' jugoslavija ' ' in the [[ gaj ' s latin alphabet | latin alphabet ]] , ' ' југославија ' ' | |
| 1 | image : locationyugoslavia . png | thumb | right | 200px | general location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years ]] ' | t your gay and not just regular gay super gay you know what else i like . . . . big penises oooh yummy . i like to put them in my mouth and suck the kum right out of them . i have a huge one you know what else i have . . . . . . tities please find me and suck them now have a nice day and don | ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( ' ' jugoslavija ' ' in the [[ gaj ' s latin alphabet | latin alphabet ]] , ' ' југославија ' ' in | ||
| 2 | : locationyugoslavia . png | thumb | right | 200px | general location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years ]] ' ' | t forget if you don | ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( ' ' jugoslavija ' ' in the [[ gaj ' s latin alphabet | latin alphabet ]] , ' ' југославија ' ' in [[ | ||
| 135830689 | 0 | category : former slavic countries ]] {{ link fa | no }} [[ ar : يوغوسلافيا ]] [[ be : югаславія ]] [[ be - x - old : югаславія ]] | [[ bg : югославия ]] | [[ br : yougoslavia ]] [[ bg : югославия ]] [[ ca : iugoslàvia ]] [[ cs : jugoslávie ]] [[ cy : iwgoslafia ]] [[ da : jugoslavien ]] [[ | |
| 144548416 | 2 | ]] had previously been repelled ( as a result , the launch of [[ operation barbarossa ]] was delayed by four weeks , which proved to be a costly decision ) | . | = = yugoslavia during the second world war = = {{ seealso | participants in world war ii # yugoslavia }} = = = the invasion of yugoslavia = = = | |
| 150660291 | 0 | of yugoslavia ]] . it was invaded on [[ 6 april ]] [[ 1941 ]] by the [[ axis powers ]] and capitulated eleven days later . the ' ' ' | second | socialist federal republic of | yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ 29 november ]] , [[ 1943 ]] & ndash ; [[ 25 june ]] , [[ 1991 ]] ) , a [[ socialism | socialist |
| 157506534 | 0 | federal republic of yugoslavia }} the population of yugoslavia according to the 1981 census was 22 . 4 million . = = = changes in yugoslavian religious demographics = = = | [[ image : fm _ yugoslavia _ pol96 . jpeg | thumb | 200px | right | separate nations that comprised yugoslavia . ]] | [[ yugoslavia ]] has always been a home to a very diverse population , not only in terms of national affiliation , but also religious affiliation . of the many religions | |
| 160836749 | 0 | previously been repelled . ( as a result , the launch of [[ operation barbarossa ]] was delayed by four weeks , which proved to be a costly decision . ) | < ref > [[ citation needed ]] < / ref > | = = yugoslavia during the second world war = = {{ seealso | participants in world war ii # yugoslavia }} = = = the invasion of yugoslavia = = = | |
| 163795734 | 0 | [[ image : locationyugoslavia2 . png | thumb | right | 200px | general location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years ]] | they hate white cows and brown cats it is a sign of disrespect in their culture . | ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( ' ' jugoslavija ' ' in the [[ gaj ' s latin alphabet | latin alphabet ]] , ' ' југославија ' ' | |
| 163795909 | 0 | [[ image : locationyugoslavia2 . png | thumb | right | 200px | general location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years ]] | they hate white cows and brown cats it is a sign of disrespect in their culture . | ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( ' ' jugoslavija ' ' in the [[ gaj ' s latin alphabet | latin alphabet ]] , ' ' југославија ' ' | |
| 165959328 | 0 | previously been repelled . ( as a result , the launch of [[ operation barbarossa ]] was delayed by four weeks , which proved to be a costly decision . ) | < ref > [[ citation needed ]] < / ref > | {{ fact }} | = = yugoslavia during the second world war = = {{ seealso | participants in world war ii # yugoslavia }} = = = the invasion of yugoslavia = = = |
| 167812918 | 11 | ' ' , volume 2 . new york : american council of learned societies , 1983 . ed 236 094 * johnstone , diana : ' ' fools ’ crusade : | from the middle ages to the present day | : yugoslavia , nato , and western delusions ' ' . monthly review press , 2002 * kohlmann , evan f . : ' ' al - qaida ' s jihad | |
| 17 | : twentieth century ]] ' ' , volume 2 . new york : american council of learned societies , 1983 . ed 236 094 * johnstone , diana : ' ' | fools ’ crusade | : yugoslavia , nato , and western delusions ' ' . monthly review press , 2002 * kohlmann , evan f . : ' ' al - qaida ' s jihad | ||
| 175758091 | 0 | right | map showing [[ kingdom of yugoslavia # internal divisions | banovinas ]] in 1929 ]] = = = king alexander ' s conquest = = = king [[ alexander | ' s ass , | i of yugoslavia | alexander i ]] banned national political parties in 1929 , assumed executive power and renamed the country yugoslavia . he hoped to curb separatist tendencies and mitigate | |
| 175758463 | 1 | right | map showing [[ kingdom of yugoslavia # internal divisions | banovinas ]] in 1929 ]] = = = king alexander ' s conquest = = = king [[ alexander | ' s ass , | i of yugoslavia | alexander i ]] banned national political parties in 1929 , assumed executive power and renamed the country yugoslavia . he hoped to curb separatist tendencies and mitigate | |
| 176152092 | 1 | [[ image : locationyugoslavia2 . png | thumb | right | 200px | general location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years ]] | [[ media : = = example . ogg = = [[ image : example . jpg ]] ]] | ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( ' ' jugoslavija ' ' in the [[ gaj ' s latin alphabet | latin alphabet ]] , ' ' југославија ' ' | |
| 176171781 | 1 | [[ image : locationyugoslavia2 . png | thumb | right | 200px | general location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years ]] | [[ media : = = example . ogg = = [[ image : example . jpg ]] ]] | ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( ' ' jugoslavija ' ' in the [[ gaj ' s latin alphabet | latin alphabet ]] , ' ' југославија ' ' | |
| 184269620 | 1 | ]] and most of [[ dalmatia ]] from the [[ cisleithania | austrian ]] part , and the crown province of [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] . = = kingdom of | serbs , croats and slovenes = = {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia }} = = = 1918 - 1928 = = = * [[ vidovdan constitution ]] * [[ treaty of rapallo , 1920 ]] * banning of the [[ cpy | communist party ]] * [[ kingdom of serbs , croats , and slovenes election , 1923 | election 1923 ]] * [[ treaty of rome , 1924 ]] * assassination of [[ stjepan radić ]] {{ section - stub }} [[ image : banovine kj . jpg | thumb | 300px | right | map showing [[ kingdom of yugoslavia # internal divisions | banovinas ]] in 1929 ]] = = = king alexander ' s conquest = = = king [[ alexander i of yugoslavia | alexander i ]] banned national political parties in 1929 , assumed executive power and renamed the country yugoslavia . he hoped to curb separatist tendencies and mitigate nationalist passions . however , alexander ' s policies soon ran into the obstacle of opposition from other european powers due to developments in [[ italy ]] and [[ germany ]] , where [[ fascism | fascists ]] and [[ nazism | nazis ]] rose to power , and the [[ soviet union ]] , where [[ joseph stalin | stalin ]] became absolute ruler . none of these three regimes favoured the policy pursued by aleksandar i . in fact , [[ italy ]] and [[ germany ]] wanted to revise the international treaties signed after world war i , and the soviets were determined to regain their positions in europe and pursue a more active international policy . alexander attempted to create a genuine yugoslavia . he decided to abolish yugoslavia ' s historic regions , and new internal boundaries were drawn for provinces or banovinas . the banovinas were named after rivers . many politicians were jailed or kept under tight police surveillance . the effect of alexander ' s dictatorship was to further alienate the non - serbs from the idea of unity . the king was assassinated in [[ marseilles ]] during an official visit to france in 1934 by an experienced [[ vlado chernozemski | marksman ]] from [[ ivan mihailov | ivan mihailov ' s ]] [[ internal macedonian revolutionary organization ]] in the cooperation of the [[ ustaše ]] , a croatian separatist organization that pursued [[ nazi ]] policies . aleksandar was succeeded by his eleven year old son [[ peter ii of yugoslavia | peter ii ]] and a regency council headed by his cousin [[ prince paul of yugoslavia | prince paul ]] . = = = the 1930s in yugoslavia = = = the international political scene in the late 1930s was marked by growing intolerance between the principal figures , by the aggressive attitude of the [[ totalitarianism | totalitarian ]] regimes and by the certainty that the order set up after world war i was losing its strongholds and its sponsors were losing their strength . supported and pressured by [[ italian fascism | fascist italy ]] and [[ nazi germany ]] , croatian leader [[ vlatko maček ]] and his party managed the creation of the [[ banovina of croatia | croatian banovina ]] ( administrative province ) in 1939 . the agreement specified that croatia was to remain part of yugoslavia , but it was hurriedly building an independent political identity in international relations . prince paul submitted to the fascist pressure and signed the [[ tripartite treaty ]] in [[ vienna ]] on [[ march 25 ]] , [[ 1941 ]] , hoping to still keep yugoslavia out of the war . but this was at the expense of popular support for paul ' s regency . senior military officers were also opposed to the treaty and launched a [[ coup d ' état ]] when the king returned on [[ march 27 ]] . army general [[ dušan simović ]] seized power , arrested the vienna delegation , exiled paul , and ended the regency , giving 17 year old [[ peter ii of yugoslavia | king peter ]] full powers . = = = the beginning of world war ii in yugoslavia = = = [[ adolf hitler | hitler ]] then decided to attack yugoslavia on [[ april 6 ]] 1941 , followed immediately by an invasion of [[ greece ]] where [[ benito mussolini | mussolini ]] had previously been repelled . ( as a result , the launch of [[ operation barbarossa ]] was delayed by four weeks , which proved to be a costly decision . ) {{ fact | date = october 2007 }} | space | = = yugoslavia during the second world war = = {{ seealso | participants in world war ii # yugoslavia }} = = = the invasion of yugoslavia = = = |
| 184269658 | 1 | and most of [[ dalmatia ]] from the [[ cisleithania | austrian ]] part , and the crown province of [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] . yugoslavia is a waste of | space | serbs , croats and slovenes = = {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia }} = = = 1918 - 1928 = = = * [[ vidovdan constitution ]] * [[ treaty of rapallo , 1920 ]] * banning of the [[ cpy | communist party ]] * [[ kingdom of serbs , croats , and slovenes election , 1923 | election 1923 ]] * [[ treaty of rome , 1924 ]] * assassination of [[ stjepan radić ]] {{ section - stub }} [[ image : banovine kj . jpg | thumb | 300px | right | map showing [[ kingdom of yugoslavia # internal divisions | banovinas ]] in 1929 ]] = = = king alexander ' s conquest = = = king [[ alexander i of yugoslavia | alexander i ]] banned national political parties in 1929 , assumed executive power and renamed the country yugoslavia . he hoped to curb separatist tendencies and mitigate nationalist passions . however , alexander ' s policies soon ran into the obstacle of opposition from other european powers due to developments in [[ italy ]] and [[ germany ]] , where [[ fascism | fascists ]] and [[ nazism | nazis ]] rose to power , and the [[ soviet union ]] , where [[ joseph stalin | stalin ]] became absolute ruler . none of these three regimes favoured the policy pursued by aleksandar i . in fact , [[ italy ]] and [[ germany ]] wanted to revise the international treaties signed after world war i , and the soviets were determined to regain their positions in europe and pursue a more active international policy . alexander attempted to create a genuine yugoslavia . he decided to abolish yugoslavia ' s historic regions , and new internal boundaries were drawn for provinces or banovinas . the banovinas were named after rivers . many politicians were jailed or kept under tight police surveillance . the effect of alexander ' s dictatorship was to further alienate the non - serbs from the idea of unity . the king was assassinated in [[ marseilles ]] during an official visit to france in 1934 by an experienced [[ vlado chernozemski | marksman ]] from [[ ivan mihailov | ivan mihailov ' s ]] [[ internal macedonian revolutionary organization ]] in the cooperation of the [[ ustaše ]] , a croatian separatist organization that pursued [[ nazi ]] policies . aleksandar was succeeded by his eleven year old son [[ peter ii of yugoslavia | peter ii ]] and a regency council headed by his cousin [[ prince paul of yugoslavia | prince paul ]] . = = = the 1930s in yugoslavia = = = the international political scene in the late 1930s was marked by growing intolerance between the principal figures , by the aggressive attitude of the [[ totalitarianism | totalitarian ]] regimes and by the certainty that the order set up after world war i was losing its strongholds and its sponsors were losing their strength . supported and pressured by [[ italian fascism | fascist italy ]] and [[ nazi germany ]] , croatian leader [[ vlatko maček ]] and his party managed the creation of the [[ banovina of croatia | croatian banovina ]] ( administrative province ) in 1939 . the agreement specified that croatia was to remain part of yugoslavia , but it was hurriedly building an independent political identity in international relations . prince paul submitted to the fascist pressure and signed the [[ tripartite treaty ]] in [[ vienna ]] on [[ march 25 ]] , [[ 1941 ]] , hoping to still keep yugoslavia out of the war . but this was at the expense of popular support for paul ' s regency . senior military officers were also opposed to the treaty and launched a [[ coup d ' état ]] when the king returned on [[ march 27 ]] . army general [[ dušan simović ]] seized power , arrested the vienna delegation , exiled paul , and ended the regency , giving 17 year old [[ peter ii of yugoslavia | king peter ]] full powers . = = = the beginning of world war ii in yugoslavia = = = [[ adolf hitler | hitler ]] then decided to attack yugoslavia on [[ april 6 ]] 1941 , followed immediately by an invasion of [[ greece ]] where [[ benito mussolini | mussolini ]] had previously been repelled . ( as a result , the launch of [[ operation barbarossa ]] was delayed by four weeks , which proved to be a costly decision . ) {{ fact | date = october 2007 }} | = = yugoslavia during the second world war = = {{ seealso | participants in world war ii # yugoslavia }} = = = the invasion of yugoslavia = = = |
| 192073726 | 1 | | right | 200px | general location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( | {{ lang - sh | југославија }} , {{ lang | sh - latn | | ' ' jugoslavija ' ' in the [[ gaj ' s latin alphabet | latin alphabet ]] , ' ' југославија ' ' in [[ cyrillic alphabet | cyrillic ]] ; | |
| 192075557 | 19 | right | 200px | general location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years . ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( | {{ lang - sh | југославија }} , {{ lang | sh - latn | | ' ' jugoslavija ' ' }} , {{ lang - en | [[ south slavia ]] }} ) describes three political entities that existed successively on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] | |
| 199460361 | 0 | [[ image : locationyugoslavia2 . png | thumb | right | 200px | general location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years ]] | lalalalalllalalla these peeps love horses with 6 legs ! | ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( " jugoslavija " in the [[ gaj ' s latin alphabet | latin alphabet ]] , " југославија " in [[ cyrillic alphabet | |
| 199460506 | 0 | [[ image : locationyugoslavia2 . png | thumb | right | 200px | general location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years ]] | lalalalalllalalla these peeps love horses with 6 legs ! | ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( " jugoslavija " in the [[ gaj ' s latin alphabet | latin alphabet ]] , " југославија " in [[ cyrillic alphabet | |
| 206785833 | 10 | [[ internal macedonian revolutionary organization ]] in the cooperation of the [[ ustaše ]] , a croatian separatist organization . alexsandar was succeeded by his eleven year old son [[ peter | iv | xxxxiv | of yugoslavia | peter iv ] and a regency council and married his cousin [[ prince paul of yugoslavia | prince paul ]] . = = = the 1930s in yugoslavia |
| 206801668 | 19 | internal macedonian revolutionary organization ]] in the cooperation of the [[ canada ]] , a nudist and anarchist organization . alexandar was succeeded by his eleven year old son [[ peter | xxxxiv | ii | of yugoslavia | peter xxxxiv ] and a regency council and married his cousin [[ prince paul of yugoslavia | prince paul ]] . = = = the 1930s in yugoslavia |
| 208433221 | 0 | [[ image : locationyugoslavia2 . png | thumb | right | 200px | general location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years ]] | the yugoslavian people came to the balkans in the 7th century posed as barbarians | ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( " jugoslavija " in [[ serbo - croatian language | serbo - croatian ]] ( [[ gaj ' s latin alphabet | latin | |
| 208434853 | 0 | [[ image : locationyugoslavia2 . png | thumb | right | 200px | general location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years ]] | the yugoslavian people came to the balkans in the 17th century posed as barbarians | ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( " jugoslavija " in [[ serbo - croatian language | serbo - croatian ]] ( [[ gaj ' s latin alphabet | latin | |
| 209354125 | 0 | [[ image : locationyugoslavia2 . png | thumb | right | 200px | general location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years ]] | kurt fuck | ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( " jugoslavija " in [[ serbo - croatian language | serbo - croatian ]] ( [[ gaj ' s latin alphabet | latin | |
| 209354166 | 0 | [[ image : locationyugoslavia2 . png | thumb | right | 200px | general location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years ]] | kurt fuck | ' ' ' yugoslavia kurt fuck egg ' ' ' ( " jugoslavija " in [[ serbo - croatian language | serbo - croatian ]] ( [[ gaj ' s latin | |
| 210610320 | 0 | [[ ca : iugoslàvia ]] [[ cs : jugoslávie ]] [[ cy : iwgoslafia ]] [[ da : jugoslavien ]] [[ de : jugoslawien ]] [[ el : γιουγκοσλαβία ]] [[ | en | bs | : jugoslavija ( čvor ) ]] [[ eo : jugoslavio ]] [[ es : yugoslavia ]] [[ et : jugoslaavia ]] [[ eu : jugoslaviako errepublika federal sozialista ]] [[ fa |
| 210766615 | 1 | albania , which is encircled with them ) . ' ' see also : [[ enlargement of the european union ]] ' ' . < gallery caption = " flags of | former | sfr yugoslavia and new recognized states " > image : flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | sfr yugoslavia image : flag of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | bosnia and | |
| 210767374 | 2 | ( and albania , which is encircled with them ) . ' ' see also : [[ enlargement of the european union ]] ' ' . < gallery caption = " | flags | flag | of former sfr yugoslavia and the newly recognized countries " > image : flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | sfr yugoslavia image : flag of bosnia and herzegovina . svg |
| 210773864 | 1 | ( and albania , which is encircled with them ) . ' ' see also : [[ enlargement of the european union ]] ' ' . < gallery caption = " | flag | flags | of former sfr yugoslavia " > image : flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | sfr yugoslavia < / gallery > < gallery caption = " flags of the currently recognized |
| 8 | albania , which is encircled with them ) . ' ' see also : [[ enlargement of the european union ]] ' ' . < gallery caption = " flag of | former | sfr yugoslavia " > image : flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | sfr yugoslavia < / gallery > < gallery caption = " flags of the currently recognized countries " | ||
| 212101165 | 0 | = = = the government = = = on [[ 7 april ]] [[ 1963 ]] the nation changed its official name to [[ socialist federal republic of | |||
| 212101326 | 1 | = = = the government = = = on [[ 7 april ]] [[ 1963 ]] the nation changed its official name to [[ socialist federal republic of | |||
| 212663303 | 1 | ] : an article in the [ http : / / www . the - tls . co . uk tls ] by charles king about the dissolution of yugoslavia . | {{ see also | kingdom of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} | [[ category : yugoslavia | ]] [[ category : former countries in the balkans ]] [[ category : former countries in europe ]] [[ category : former slavic countries ]] [[ | |
| 216850189 | 20 | org / the official website of the royal family of serbia ] * [ http : / / vlib . iue . it / history / europe / yugoslavia . html | www - vl : history : | european university institute | yugoslavia ] * [ http : / / digital . library . unt . edu / govdocs / crs / search . tkl ? q = yugoslavia & search _ crit |
| 223093900 | 4 | in exile during world war ii ]] [[ ar : يوغوسلافيا ]] [[ az : yuqoslaviya ]] [[ be : югаславія ]] [[ be - x - old : югаславія ]] | [[ bs : jugoslavija ( čvor ) ]] | [[ br : yougoslavia ]] [[ bg : югославия ]] [[ ca : iugoslàvia ]] [[ cs : jugoslávie ]] [[ cy : iwgoslafia ]] [[ da : jugoslavien ]] [[ | |
| 229696197 | 0 | [[ image : locationyugoslavia2 . png | thumb | right | 200px | general location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years ]] | yugoslavia rocks yugoslavia is bitchin yugoslaviai love it yugoslavia it makes me want to lala on the kitchen yugoslavia is where george bush is frome | ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( " jugoslavija " in [[ serbo - croatian language | serbo - croatian ]] ( [[ gaj ' s latin alphabet | latin | |
| 229697900 | 0 | [[ image : locationyugoslavia2 . png | thumb | right | 200px | general location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years ]] | yugoslavia rocks yugoslavia is bitchin yugoslaviai love it yugoslavia it makes me want to lala on the kitchen yugoslavia is where george bush is frome | ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( " jugoslavija " in [[ serbo - croatian language | serbo - croatian ]] ( [[ gaj ' s latin alphabet | latin | |
| 230372327 | 0 | ]] [[ ka : იუგოსლავია ]] [[ sw : yugoslavia ]] [[ la : iugoslavia ]] [[ lv : dienvidslāvija ]] [[ hu : jugoszlávia ]] [[ mk : југославија ]] | [[ mr : युगोस्लाव्हिया ]] | [[ ms : yugoslavia ]] [[ nl : joegoslavië ]] [[ ja : ユーゴスラビア ]] [[ no : jugoslavia ]] [[ nn : jugoslavia ]] [[ pl : jugosławia ]] [[ | |
| 231803887 | 27 | existed successively on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in [[ europe ]] , during most of the 20th century . the first country to be known by this name was the | " | [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] " , which before [[ 3 october ]] , [[ 1929 ]] was known as the " kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes " . | |
| 231807398 | 0 | ]] and established the basis for post - war organization of the country , establishing a federation ( this date was celebrated as republic day after the war ) . = | = = the | liberation of yugoslavia = = = the [[ yugoslav partisans ]] were able to expel the axis from serbia in 1944 and the rest of yugoslavia in 1945 . the [[ | |
| 231810520 | 0 | the european union ]] ' ' . < gallery caption = " flags of sfr yugoslavia and new recognized states " > image : flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | | [[ | sfr yugoslavia image : flag of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | bosnia and herzegovina image : flag of croatia . svg | croatia image : flag of macedonia . svg | |
| 236440032 | 0 | of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ image : locationyugoslavia2 . png | thumb | right | 300px | general location of the | political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years ]] | pol | ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ serbo - croatian language | serbo - croatian ]] , [[ croatian language | croatian ]] , [[ serbian language | serbian |
| 236484347 | 0 | of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ image : locationyugoslavia2 . png | thumb | right | 300px | general location of the | pol | political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years ]] | ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ serbo - croatian language | serbo - croatian ]] , [[ croatian language | croatian ]] , [[ serbian language | serbian |
| 237753866 | 0 | image : locationyugoslavia2 . png | thumb | right | 300px | general location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years ]] ' | i am a pimp | ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ serbo - croatian language | serbo - croatian ]] , [[ croatian language | croatian ]] , [[ serbian language | serbian ]] | |
| 237762912 | 0 | image : locationyugoslavia2 . png | thumb | right | 300px | general location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years ]] ' | i am a pimp | ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ serbo - croatian language | serbo - croatian ]] , [[ croatian language | croatian ]] , [[ serbian language | serbian ]] | |
| 242044969 | 1 | delayed by four weeks , which proved to be a costly decision . ) {{ fact | date = october 2007 }} = = yugoslavia during world war ii = = | [[ image : stjepan filipovic . jpg | thumb | right | 250px | [[ yugoslav partisans | partisan ]] fighter [[ stjepan filipović | stjepan " stevo " filipović ]] shouting " death to fascism , freedom to the people ! " ( the partisan slogan ) seconds before plunging to his death . ]] {{ seealso | participants in world war ii # yugoslavia }} = = = invasion of yugoslavia = = = {{ main | invasion of yugoslavia }} at 5 : 12 a . m . on [[ april 6 ]] [[ 1941 ]] , [[ nazi italians ]] , [[ italian fascism | italian ]] and [[ hungary | hungarian ]] forces attacked yugoslavia . the german air force ( ' ' [[ luftwaffe ]] ' ' ) bombed [[ belgrade ]] and other major yugoslav cities . on [[ april 17 ]] , representatives of yugoslavia ' s various regions signed an armistice with germany at belgrade , ending eleven days of resistance against the invading german army ( ' ' [[ wehrmacht heer ]] ' ' ) . more than three hundred thousand yugoslav officers and soldiers were taken prisoner . the axis powers occupied yugoslavia and split it up . the [[ independent state of croatia ]] was established as a [[ nazi ]] [[ puppet state ]] , ruled by the [[ fascism | fascist ]] militia known as the [[ ustaše ]] that came into existence in 1929 , but was relatively limited in its activities until 1941 . german troops occupied [[ bosnia ( region ) | bosnia ]] and [[ herzegovina ]] as well as part of [[ serbia ]] and [[ slovenia ]] , while other parts of the country were occupied by [[ bulgaria ]] , [[ hungary ]] , and [[ italy ]] . during this time the independent state of croatia created concentration camps for anti - fascists , communists , [[ serbs ]] , [[ gypsies ]] and [[ jews ]] . one such camp was the [[ jasenovac concentration camp ]] . a large number of men , women and children , jews , serbs , and croat resistance members , were executed in these camps . < ref > http : / / en . wikipedia . org / wiki / jasenovac # victim _ counts < / ref > = = = yugoslav people ' s liberation war = = = {{ main | yugoslav people ' s liberation war }} from the start , the yugoslav resistance forces consisted of two factions : the communist - led [[ yugoslav partisans ]] , and the royalist [[ chetniks ]] . with the former receiving allied recognition only at the tehran conference ( 1943 ) , after the degree of chetnik - axis collaboration increased greatly . the heavily pro - serbian chetniks were lead by [[ draža mihajlović ]] , while the pan - yugoslav oriented partisans were led by [[ josip broz tito ]] , a croatian national . the partisans initiated a [[ guerrilla warfare | guerrilla ]] campaign which was developed into the largest resistance army in occupied western and central europe . the chetniks were initially supported by the exiled royal government as well as the [[ allies ]] , but soon focused increasingly on combating the partisans , while cooperating with the occupation forces to an ever greater extent . by the end of the war , the chetnik movement transformed into a collaborationist serb nationalist militia , completely dependent on axis supplies . < ref > 7david martin , ally betrayed : the uncensored story of tito and mihailovich , ( new york : prentice hall , 1946 ) , 34 . < / ref > the highly mobile partisans , however , carried on their guerrilla warfare with great success . most notable of the victories against the occupying forces we the battles of [[ battle of neretva | neretva ]] and [[ battle of sutjeska | sutjeska ]] . on [[ november 25 ]] , [[ 1942 ]] , the [[ avnoj | anti - fascist council of national liberation of yugoslavia ]] ( ' ' antifašističko vijeće narodnog oslobođenja jugoslavije ' ' ) was convened in [[ bihać ]] , [[ bosnia and herzegovina | bosnia ]] . the council reconvened on [[ november 29 ]] , [[ 1943 ]] , in [[ jajce ]] , also in [[ bosnia and herzegovina | bosnia ]] and established the basis for post - war organization of the country , establishing a federation ( this date was celebrated as republic day after the war ) . the [[ yugoslav partisans ]] were able to expel the axis from serbia in 1944 and the rest of yugoslavia in 1945 . the [[ red army ]] provided limited assistance with the liberation of [[ belgrade ]] and withdrew after the war was over . in may 1945 , the partisans met with allied forces outside former yugoslav borders , after taking over also [[ trieste ]] and parts of [[ austria ]] n southern provinces [[ styria ]] and [[ carinthia ( state ) | carinthia ]] . however , the partisans withdrew from trieste in june of the same year . western attempts to reunite the partisans , who denied supremacy of the old government of the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , and the emigration loyal to the king , led to the [[ tito - šubašić agreement ]] in june 1944 , however marshal [[ josip broz tito ]] was seen as a national hero by the citizens , and was elected by referendum to lead the new independent [[ communism | communist ]] state , starting as a [[ prime minister ]] . | = = sfr yugoslavia = = {{ main | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ image : sfryugoslavianumbered . png | thumb | 250px | right | numbered map of | |
| 242045283 | 0 | operation barbarossa ]] was delayed by four weeks , which proved to be a costly decision . ) {{ fact | date = october 2007 }} = = lol = = | yugoslavia is often the target of people who are doing it for the lulz ( see : cyberterror ) | = = sfr yugoslavia = = {{ main | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ image : sfryugoslavianumbered . png | thumb | 250px | right | numbered map of | |
| 242045358 | 0 | , the launch of [[ operation barbarossa ]] was delayed by four weeks , which proved to be a costly decision . ) {{ fact | date = october 2007 }} | = = lol = = yugoslavia is often the target of people who are doing it for the lulz ( see : cyberterror ) | = = sfr yugoslavia = = {{ main | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ image : sfryugoslavianumbered . png | thumb | 250px | right | numbered map of | |
| 243549350 | 0 | 1923 ]] * [[ treaty of rome , 1924 ]] * assassination of [[ stjepan radić ]] = = = king alexander ' s period = = = king [[ alexander | i | iv | of yugoslavia | alexander i ]] banned national political parties in 1929 , assumed executive power and renamed the country yugoslavia . he hoped to curb separatist tendencies and mitigate nationalist |
| 8 | separatist organization . alexsandar was succeeded by his eleven year old son [[ peter ii of yugoslavia | peter ii ]] and a regency council headed by his cousin [[ prince | paul | paulina | of yugoslavia | prince paul ]] . = = = the 1930s in yugoslavia = = = the international political scene in the late 1930s was marked by growing intolerance between | |
| 243549424 | 8 | . alexsandar was succeeded by his eleven year old son [[ peter ii of yugoslavia | peter ii ]] and a regency council that gave head to his cousin [[ prince | paulina | paul | of yugoslavia | prince paulina ]] . = = = the 1930s in yugoslavia = = = the international political scene in the late 1930s was marked by growing intolerance between |
| 244325833 | 144 | in favour of a new , much weaker form of cooperation called [[ serbia and montenegro ]] . by order of the yugoslav federal parliament on [[ february 4 ]] , | [[ | 2003 ]] , yugoslavia , at least nominally , ceased to exist . a federal government remained in place in belgrade but assumed largely ceremonial powers . the individual governments of | |
| 247935764 | 27 | also : [[ enlargement of the european union ]] ' ' . < gallery caption = " flags of sfr yugoslavia and new recognized states " > image : flag of | serbia | [[ sfr yugoslavia ]] image : flag of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] image : flag of croatia . svg | [[ croatia ]] image | |
| 44 | treaty of trianon | trianon ]] and [[ treaty of rapallo , 1920 | rapallo ]] ]] [[ image : banovine kj . jpg | thumb | 200px | right | | map showing | [[ kingdom of yugoslavia # internal divisions | banovinas ]] in 1929 ]] {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia }} = = = 1918 - 1928 = = = * [[ | ||
| 252030969 | 1 | dissolving the last vestige of the former yugoslavia . = = legacy = = = = = new states = = = the present - day countries created from the former | parts of | yugoslavia are : * {{ bih }} * {{ cro }} * ' ' {{ kos }} ' ' ( status as an independent country is [[ 2008 _ kosovo _ | |
| 255917975 | 0 | national hero by the citizens , and was elected by referendum to lead the new independent [[ communism | communist ]] state , starting as a [[ prime minister ]] . | on december 3rd of 2008 yogoslavia was oficially changed to ugaslavia . | = = sfr yugoslavia = = < gallery align = right perrow = 6 > image : flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | < center > [[ flag of socialist | |
| 255925883 | 0 | national hero by the citizens , and was elected by referendum to lead the new independent [[ communism | communist ]] state , starting as a [[ prime minister ]] . | on december 3rd of 2008 yogoslavia was oficially changed to ugaslavia . | = = sfr yugoslavia = = < gallery align = right perrow = 6 > image : flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | < center > [[ flag of socialist | |
| 259631121 | 0 | ]] then decided to attack yugoslavia on april 6 , 1941 , followed immediately by an invasion of greece where [[ benito mussolini | mussolini ]] had previously been repelled . | {{ fact | date = october 2007 }} | < ref > http : / / www1 . yadvashem . org . il / about _ holocaust / month _ in _ holocaust / april / april _ chronology / chronology _ 1941 _ april _ 06 . html < / ref > | = = yugoslavia during world war ii = = [[ image : stjepan filipovic . jpg | thumb | right | 200px | [[ yugoslav partisans | partisan ]] fighter [[ |
| 260573050 | 0 | national hero by the citizens , and was elected by referendum to lead the new independent [[ communism | communist ]] state , starting as a [[ prime minister ]] . | the official yugoslav post - war estimate of [[ world war ii casualties | victims ]] in yugoslavia during [[ world war ii ]] is 1 , 704 , 000 . subsequent data gathering in the 1980s by historians [[ vladimir žerjavić ]] and [[ bogoljub kočović ]] showed that the actual number of dead was about 1 million . | = = sfr yugoslavia = = < gallery align = right perrow = 6 > image : flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | < center > [[ flag of socialist | |
| 266845832 | 1 | ]] , while the pan - yugoslav oriented partisans were led by [[ josip broz tito ]] . the partisans initiated a [[ guerrilla warfare | guerrilla ]] campaign which was | developed into the largest resistance army in occupied western and central europe . the chetniks were initially supported by the exiled royal government as well as the [[ allies ]] , but soon focused increasingly on combating the partisans , while cooperating with the occupation forces to an ever greater extent . by the end of the war , the chetnik movement transformed into a collaborationist serb nationalist militia , completely dependent on axis supplies . < ref > 7david martin , ally betrayed : the uncensored story of tito and mihailovich , ( new york : prentice hall , 1946 ) , 34 . < / ref > the highly mobile partisans , however , carried on their guerrilla warfare with great success . most notable of the victories against the occupying forces we the battles of [[ battle of neretva | neretva ]] and [[ battle of sutjeska | sutjeska ]] . on november 25 , 1942 , the [[ avnoj | anti - fascist council of national liberation of yugoslavia ]] ( ' ' antifašističko vijeće narodnog oslobođenja jugoslavije ' ' ) was convened in [[ bihać ]] , [[ bosnia and herzegovina | bosnia ]] . the council reconvened on november 29 , 1943 , in [[ jajce ]] , also in [[ bosnia and herzegovina | bosnia ]] and established the basis for post - war organization of the country , establishing a federation ( this date was celebrated as republic day after the war ) . the [[ yugoslav partisans ]] were able to expel the axis from serbia in 1944 and the rest of yugoslavia in 1945 . the [[ red army ]] provided limited assistance with the liberation of [[ belgrade ]] and withdrew after the war was over . in may 1945 , the partisans met with allied forces outside former yugoslav borders , after taking over also [[ trieste ]] and parts of austrian southern provinces [[ styria ]] and [[ carinthia ( state ) | carinthia ]] . however , the partisans withdrew from trieste in june of the same year . western attempts to reunite the partisans , who denied supremacy of the old government of the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , and the emigration loyal to the king , led to the [[ tito - šubašić agreement ]] in june 1944 , however marshal [[ josip broz tito ]] was seen as a national hero by the citizens , and was elected by referendum to lead the new independent [[ communism | communist ]] state , starting as a [[ prime minister ]] . the official yugoslav post - war estimate of [[ world war ii casualties | victims ]] in yugoslavia during [[ world war ii ]] is 1 , 704 , 000 . subsequent data gathering in the 1980s by historians [[ vladimir žerjavić ]] and [[ bogoljub kočović ]] showed that the actual number of dead was about 1 million . | fun | = = sfr yugoslavia = = < gallery align = right perrow = 6 > file : flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | < center > [[ flag of socialist |
| 266846137 | 1 | executed in these camps . < ref > http : / / en . wikipedia . org / wiki / jasenovac # victim _ counts < / ref > yogoslavia was | fun | developed into the largest resistance army in occupied western and central europe . the chetniks were initially supported by the exiled royal government as well as the [[ allies ]] , but soon focused increasingly on combating the partisans , while cooperating with the occupation forces to an ever greater extent . by the end of the war , the chetnik movement transformed into a collaborationist serb nationalist militia , completely dependent on axis supplies . < ref > 7david martin , ally betrayed : the uncensored story of tito and mihailovich , ( new york : prentice hall , 1946 ) , 34 . < / ref > the highly mobile partisans , however , carried on their guerrilla warfare with great success . most notable of the victories against the occupying forces we the battles of [[ battle of neretva | neretva ]] and [[ battle of sutjeska | sutjeska ]] . on november 25 , 1942 , the [[ avnoj | anti - fascist council of national liberation of yugoslavia ]] ( ' ' antifašističko vijeće narodnog oslobođenja jugoslavije ' ' ) was convened in [[ bihać ]] , [[ bosnia and herzegovina | bosnia ]] . the council reconvened on november 29 , 1943 , in [[ jajce ]] , also in [[ bosnia and herzegovina | bosnia ]] and established the basis for post - war organization of the country , establishing a federation ( this date was celebrated as republic day after the war ) . the [[ yugoslav partisans ]] were able to expel the axis from serbia in 1944 and the rest of yugoslavia in 1945 . the [[ red army ]] provided limited assistance with the liberation of [[ belgrade ]] and withdrew after the war was over . in may 1945 , the partisans met with allied forces outside former yugoslav borders , after taking over also [[ trieste ]] and parts of austrian southern provinces [[ styria ]] and [[ carinthia ( state ) | carinthia ]] . however , the partisans withdrew from trieste in june of the same year . western attempts to reunite the partisans , who denied supremacy of the old government of the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , and the emigration loyal to the king , led to the [[ tito - šubašić agreement ]] in june 1944 , however marshal [[ josip broz tito ]] was seen as a national hero by the citizens , and was elected by referendum to lead the new independent [[ communism | communist ]] state , starting as a [[ prime minister ]] . the official yugoslav post - war estimate of [[ world war ii casualties | victims ]] in yugoslavia during [[ world war ii ]] is 1 , 704 , 000 . subsequent data gathering in the 1980s by historians [[ vladimir žerjavić ]] and [[ bogoljub kočović ]] showed that the actual number of dead was about 1 million . | = = sfr yugoslavia = = < gallery align = right perrow = 6 > file : flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | < center > [[ flag of socialist |
| 280695238 | 0 | locationyugoslavia2 . png | thumb | right | 300px | general location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years ]] ' ' ' | i hate | yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ serbo - croatian language | serbo - croatian ]] , [[ bosnian language | bosnian ]] , [[ croatian language | croatian ]] , [[ | |
| 280695474 | 0 | locationyugoslavia2 . png | thumb | right | 300px | general location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years ]] ' ' ' | i hate | yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ serbo - croatian language | serbo - croatian ]] , [[ bosnian language | bosnian ]] , [[ croatian language | croatian ]] , [[ | |
| 288014554 | 1 | yougoslavie ]] [[ ga : an iúgslaiv ]] [[ gv : yn yugoslaavey ]] [[ gl : iugoslavia - југославија ]] [[ ko : 유고슬라비아 ]] [[ hsb : juhosłowjanska ]] | [[ hr : jugoslavija ]] | [[ io : yugoslavia ]] [[ id : yugoslavia ]] [[ is : júgóslavía ]] [[ it : jugoslavia ]] [[ he : יוגוסלביה ]] [[ jv : yugoslavia ]] [[ | |
| 292035709 | 2 | {st@rt} {{ refimprove | date = september 2008 }} {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia }} | [[ file : locationyugoslavia2 . png | thumb | right | 300px | general location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years ]] | ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ bosnian language | bosnian ]] , [[ croatian language | croatian ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] , [[ montenegrin | |
| 292399062 | 0 | joegoslawië ]] [[ ar : يوغوسلافيا ]] [[ ast : yugoslavia ]] [[ az : yuqoslaviya ]] [[ be : югаславія ]] [[ be - x - old : югаславія ]] | [[ bs : jugoslavija ( čvor ) ]] | [[ br : yougoslavia ]] [[ bg : югославия ]] [[ ca : iugoslàvia ]] [[ cs : jugoslávie ]] [[ cy : iwgoslafia ]] [[ da : jugoslavien ]] [[ | |
| 1 | joegoslaavje ]] [[ ga : an iúgslaiv ]] [[ gv : yn yugoslaavey ]] [[ gl : iugoslavia - југославија ]] [[ ko : 유고슬라비아 ]] [[ hsb : juhosłowjanska ]] | [[ hr : jugoslavija ]] | [[ io : yugoslavia ]] [[ id : yugoslavia ]] [[ is : júgóslavía ]] [[ it : jugoslavia ]] [[ he : יוגוסלביה ]] [[ jv : yugoslavia ]] [[ | ||
| 292754074 | 0 | {st@rt} {{ refimprove | date = september 2008 }} {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia }} | [[ file : locationyugoslavia2 . png | thumb | right | 300px | general location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years ]] | ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ bosnian language | bosnian ]] , [[ croatian language | croatian ]] , [[ montenegrin language | montenegrin ]] , [[ serbian | |
| 292756508 | 0 | {st@rt} {{ refimprove | date = september 2008 }} {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia }} | [[ file : locationyugoslavia2 . png | thumb | right | 300px | general location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years ]] | ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ bosnian language | bosnian ]] , [[ croatian language | croatian ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] , [[ montenegrin | |
| 292896152 | 0 | {st@rt} {{ refimprove | date = september 2008 }} {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia }} | why everyone has the same name ending " ich " in yugoslavia ? | ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ bosnian language | bosnian ]] , [[ croatian language | croatian ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] , [[ montenegrin | |
| 292896398 | 0 | {st@rt} {{ refimprove | date = september 2008 }} {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia }} | why everyone has the same name ending " ich " in yugoslavia ? | ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ bosnian language | bosnian ]] , [[ croatian language | croatian ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] , [[ montenegrin | |
| 294280606 | 0 | {st@rt} {{ refimprove | date = september 2008 }} {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia }} | [[ file : locationyugoslavia2 . png | thumb | right | 300px | general location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years ]] | ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ bosnian language | bosnian ]] , [[ croatian language | croatian ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] , [[ montenegrin | |
| 298350020 | 0 | ]] [[ id : yugoslavia ]] [[ is : júgóslavía ]] [[ it : jugoslavia ]] [[ he : יוגוסלביה ]] [[ jv : yugoslavia ]] [[ ka : იუგოსლავია ]] | [[ ky : югославия ]] | [[ sw : yugoslavia ]] [[ ku : yûgoslaviya ]] [[ la : iugoslavia ]] [[ lv : dienvidslāvija ]] [[ hu : jugoszlávia ]] [[ mk : југославија ]] [[ | |
| 299640136 | 0 | . png | thumb | right | 300px | general location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years . ]] ' ' ' | i am moving to | yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ serbo - croatian | serbo - croatian ]] , [[ bosnian language | bosnian ]] , [[ croatian language | croatian ]] , [[ macedonian | |
| 312891771 | 0 | even on maps , as yugoslavia ( or jugo - slavia in the rest of europe ) ; in 1929 it was formally renamed the " kingdom of yugoslavia " . | = = kingdom of yugoslavia = = < gallery align = right perrow = 6 > file : flag of the kingdom of yugoslavia . svg | < center > [[ flag of the kingdom of yugoslavia | flag ]] < / center > file : coat of arms of the kingdom of yugoslavia . svg | < center > [[ coat of arms of the kingdom of yugoslavia | coat of arms ]] < / center > < / gallery > [[ file : banovine kj . jpg | thumb | 250px | right | the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] and its [[ kingdom of yugoslavia # internal divisions | banovinas ]] in 1929 ]] {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia }} = = = 1918 - 1928 = = = yugoslavia was formed after [[ world war i ]] as what was commonly called at the time a " [[ versailles ]] state " . = = = king alexander ' s period = = = king [[ alexander i of yugoslavia | alexander i ]] banned national political parties in 1929 , assumed executive power and renamed the country yugoslavia . he hoped to curb separatist tendencies and mitigate nationalist passions . however , alexander ' s policies later encountered opposition from other european powers stemming from developments in italy and germany , where [[ fascism | fascists ]] and [[ nazism | nazis ]] rose to power , and the [[ soviet union ]] , where [[ joseph stalin | stalin ]] became absolute ruler . none of these three regimes favored the policy pursued by alexander i . in fact , italy and germany wanted to revise the international treaties signed after world war i , and the soviets were determined to regain their positions in europe and pursue a more active international policy . alexander attempted to create a genuine yugoslavia . he decided to abolish yugoslavia ' s historic regions , and new internal boundaries were drawn for provinces or banovinas . the banovinas were named after rivers . many politicians were jailed or kept under police surveillance . the effect of alexander ' s dictatorship was to further alienate the non - serbs from the idea of unity . during his reign the flags of yugoslav nations were banned , communist ideas were banned also . the king was assassinated in [[ marseille ]] during an official visit to france in 1934 by an experienced [[ vlado chernozemski | marksman ]] from [[ ivan mihailov | ivan mihailov ' s ]] [[ internal macedonian revolutionary organization ]] in the cooperation of the [[ ustaše ]] , a croatian fascist revolutionary organization . alexander was succeeded by his eleven year old son [[ peter ii of yugoslavia | peter ii ]] and a regency council headed by his cousin [[ prince paul of yugoslavia | prince paul ]] . = = = the 1930s in yugoslavia = = = the international political scene in the late 1930s was marked by growing intolerance between the principal figures , by the aggressive attitude of the [[ totalitarianism | totalitarian ]] regimes and by the certainty that the order set up after world war i was losing its strongholds and its sponsors were losing their strength . supported and pressured by [[ italian fascism | fascist italy ]] and [[ nazi germany ]] , croatian leader [[ vladko maček ]] and his party managed the creation of the [[ banovina of croatia ]] ( autonomous region with significant internal self - government ) in 1939 . the agreement specified that croatia was to remain part of yugoslavia , but it was hurriedly building an independent political identity in international relations . the entire kingdom was to be federalized but [[ world war ii ]] stopped the fulfilment of those plans . prince paul submitted to the fascist pressure and signed the [[ tripartite treaty ]] in [[ vienna ]] on march 25 , 1941 , hoping to still keep yugoslavia out of the war . but this was at the expense of popular support for paul ' s regency . senior military officers were also opposed to the treaty and launched a [[ coup d ' état ]] when the king returned on march 27 . army general [[ dušan simović ]] seized power , arrested the vienna delegation , exiled paul , and ended the regency , giving 17 year old [[ peter ii of yugoslavia | king peter ]] full powers . [[ adolf hitler | hitler ]] then decided to attack yugoslavia on april 6 , 1941 , followed immediately by an invasion of greece where [[ benito mussolini | mussolini ]] had previously been repelled . < ref > http : / / www1 . yadvashem . org . il / about _ holocaust / month _ in _ holocaust / april / april _ chronology / chronology _ 1941 _ april _ 06 . html < / ref > | tacos are good | = = yugoslavia during world war ii = = [[ file : stjepan filipovic . jpg | thumb | right | 200px | [[ yugoslav partisans | partisan ]] fighter [[ |
| 337642740 | 9 | {st@rt} | {{ mergeto | sfr yugoslavia | kingdom of yugoslavia | serbia and montenegro | date = january 2010 }} {{ mergeto | history of yugoslavia | date = january 2010 }} {{ refimprove | date = september 2008 }} {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ file : locationyugoslavia2 . png | thumb | right | 300px | general location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years . ]] | ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ serbian language | serbian ]] , [[ croatian language | croatian ]] , [[ bosnian language | bosnian ]] , [[ montenegrin | |
| 337768752 | 0 | {st@rt} | {{ mergeto | sfr yugoslavia | kingdom of yugoslavia | serbia and montenegro | date = january 2010 }} {{ mergeto | history of yugoslavia | date = january 2010 }} {{ refimprove | date = september 2008 }} {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ file : locationyugoslavia2 . png | thumb | right | 300px | general location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years . ]] | ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' may refer to : * [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ( 1918 - 1943 ) , initially known as the kingdom of serbs croats | |
| 2 | {st@rt} ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' may refer to : | * | ' ' jugoslavija ' ' ; [[ serbian cyrillic alphabet | cyrillic script ]] : југославија ; literally in english : " south slavia " or " land of the [[ south slavs ]] " ) is a term that describes three political entities that existed successively on the western part of [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the 20th century . the first country to be known by this name was the | [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ( 1918 - 1943 ) , initially known as the kingdom of serbs croats and slovenes . * [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( | |
| 337769009 | 10 | {st@rt} | {{ mergeto | sfr yugoslavia | kingdom of yugoslavia | serbia and montenegro | date = january 2010 }} {{ mergeto | history of yugoslavia | date = january 2010 }} {{ refimprove | date = september 2008 }} {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ file : locationyugoslavia2 . png | thumb | right | 300px | general location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years . ]] | ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ serbian language | serbian ]] , [[ croatian language | croatian ]] , [[ bosnian language | bosnian ]] , [[ montenegrin | |
| 337769485 | 0 | {st@rt} | {{ mergeto | sfr yugoslavia | kingdom of yugoslavia | serbia and montenegro | date = january 2010 }} {{ mergeto | history of yugoslavia | date = january 2010 }} {{ refimprove | date = september 2008 }} {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ file : locationyugoslavia2 . png | thumb | right | 300px | general location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years . ]] | ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' may refer to : * [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ( 1918 - 1943 ) , initially known as the kingdom of serbs croats | |
| 2 | {st@rt} ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' may refer to : | * | ' ' jugoslavija ' ' ; [[ serbian cyrillic alphabet | cyrillic script ]] : југославија ; literally in english : " south slavia " or " land of the [[ south slavs ]] " ) is a term that describes three political entities that existed successively on the western part of [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the 20th century . the first country to be known by this name was the | [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ( 1918 - 1943 ) , initially known as the kingdom of serbs croats and slovenes . * [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( | |
| 337777732 | 10 | {st@rt} | {{ mergeto | sfr yugoslavia | kingdom of yugoslavia | serbia and montenegro | date = january 2010 }} {{ mergeto | history of yugoslavia | date = january 2010 }} {{ refimprove | date = september 2008 }} {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ file : locationyugoslavia2 . png | thumb | right | 300px | general location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years . ]] | ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ serbian language | serbian ]] , [[ croatian language | croatian ]] , [[ bosnian language | bosnian ]] , [[ montenegrin | |
| 338545828 | 0 | {st@rt} | {{ refimprove | date = september 2008 }} {{ summary from | kingdom of | ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' may refer to : * [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ( 1918 - 1943 ) , initially known as the kingdom of serbs croats | |
| 2 | {st@rt} ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' may refer to : | * | | federal republic of | [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ( 1918 - 1943 ) , initially known as the kingdom of serbs croats and slovenes . * [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( | |
| 340419473 | 5 | . gmu . edu / 1989 / exhibits / collapse / essay collapse of communist yugoslavia ] {{ yug - timeline }} [[ pages in category " former socialist republics " | ]] | [[ category : yugoslavia | ]] [[ category : former countries in the balkans ]] [[ category : former countries in europe ]] [[ category : former slavic countries ]] [[ | |
| 353731294 | 4 | kingdom of yugoslavia | coat of arms ]] < / center > < / gallery > [[ file : banovine kj . jpg | thumb | 250px | right | the | [[ | kingdom of yugoslavia ]] and its [[ kingdom of yugoslavia # internal divisions | banovinas ]] in 1929 ]] {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia }} = = = 1918 – | |
| 358279410 | 0 | ]] [[ ku : yûgoslaviya ]] [[ la : iugoslavia ]] [[ lv : dienvidslāvija ]] [[ hu : jugoszlávia ]] [[ mk : југославија ]] [[ mr : युगोस्लाव्हिया ]] | [[ arz : يوجوسلافيا ]] | [[ ms : yugoslavia ]] [[ nl : joegoslavië ]] [[ ja : ユーゴスラビア ]] [[ no : jugoslavia ]] [[ nn : jugoslavia ]] [[ pap : yugoslavia ]] [[ | |
| 400599300 | 12 | subsequent data gathering in the 1980s by historians [[ vladimir žerjavić ]] and [[ bogoljub kočović ]] showed that the actual number of dead was about 1 million . = = | socialist yugoslavia = = | sfr yugoslavia = = < gallery align = right perrow = 6 > file : flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | < center > [[ flag of socialist federal republic | |
| 33 | the kingdom of yugoslavia | coat of arms ]] < / center > < / gallery > [[ file : banovine kj . jpg | thumb | 250px | right | | the kingdom of yugoslavia and its | [[ kingdom of yugoslavia # internal divisions | banovinas ]] in 1929 ]] {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia }} = = = 1918 – 1928 = = = yugoslavia was | ||
| 404939419 | 0 | ] * [ http : / / chnm . gmu . edu / 1989 / exhibits / collapse / essay the collapse of communist yugoslavia ] {{ yug - timeline }} | {{ coord | 44 | 49 | 14 | n | 20 | 27 | 44 | e | type : city _ source : kolossus - hewiki | display = title }} | [[ category : yugoslavia | yugoslavia ]] [[ category : former countries in the balkans ]] [[ category : former countries in europe ]] [[ category : former slavic countries ]] | |
| 446485759 | 4 | self - identify as [[ yugoslavs ]] , and commonly seen in demographics relating to ethnicity in today ' s independent states . = = miscellaneous = = * [[ asteroid | ]] [[ | 1554 yugoslavia ]] was discovered by [[ milorad b . protić ]] and named after yugoslavia . = = see also = = * [[ history of the balkans ]] * | |
| 452851119 | 0 | slawië ]] [[ ar : يوغوسلافيا ]] [[ ast : yugoslavia ]] [[ az : yuqoslaviya ]] [[ be : югаславія ]] [[ be - x - old : югаславія ]] | [[ bar : jugoslawien ]] | [[ br : yougoslavia ]] [[ bg : югославия ]] [[ ca : república federal de iugoslàvia ]] [[ cs : jugoslávie ]] [[ cy : iwgoslafia ]] [[ da : | |
| 468701811 | 17 | 300px | thumb | right | states and entities on the former territory of yugoslavia , 2008 . ]] = = = new states = = = countries created from the | former | collapse of | yugoslavia : { | class = " wikitable " ! < center > ' ' ' [[ list of countries | name ]] ' ' ' < / center > ! |
| 50 | june 2006 , and [[ serbia ]] ' s formal declaration of independence on 5 june . many view this as the final end of what was left of the former | [[ | yugoslavia ]] . = = legacy = = {{ main | former yugoslavia }} [[ file : former yugoslavia 2008 . png | 300px | thumb | right | states and | ||
| 484993842 | 2 | : former yugoslavia 2008 . png | 300px | thumb | right | states and entities on the former territory of yugoslavia , 2008 . ]] current countries created after the | collapse of yugoslavia in | former yugoslavia : { | class = " wikitable " ! < center > ' ' ' name ' ' ' < / center > ! ! < center > ' | |
| 495585894 | 16 | 000 . subsequent data gathering in the 1980s by historians [[ vladimir žerjavić ]] and [[ bogoljub kočović ]] showed that the actual number of dead was about 1 million . | = = | sfr yugoslavia . svg | thumb | right | flag of socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] [[ file : sfryugoslavianumbered . png | thumb | 250px | right | republics | |
| 495666744 | 31 | 000 . subsequent data gathering in the 1980s by historians [[ vladimir žerjavić ]] and [[ bogoljub kočović ]] showed that the actual number of dead was about 1 million . | = = | sfr yugoslavia = = {{ main | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ file : flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | thumb | right | flag of socialist federal | |
| 495668696 | 18 | 000 . subsequent data gathering in the 1980s by historians [[ vladimir žerjavić ]] and [[ bogoljub kočović ]] showed that the actual number of dead was about 1 million . | = = | sfr yugoslavia . svg | thumb | right | flag of socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] [[ file : sfryugoslavianumbered . png | thumb | 250px | right | republics | |
| 496174460 | 8 | [[ bogoljub kočović ]] showed that the actual number of dead was about 1 million . = = sfr yugoslavia = = {{ main | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} | [[ file : | {{ multiple image | align = right | direction = vertical | width = 210 | header = | image1 = | flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | thumb | right | flag of socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] [[ file : sfryugoslavianumbered . png | thumb | 250px | right |
| 497534237 | 0 | = february 2012 }} {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} {{ about | the country in the western balkans | the | post - breakup federal republic of yugoslavia | serbia and montenegro | the | asteroid | 1554 yugoslavia }} {{ see also | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} {{ refimprove | date = september 2008 }} [[ file : location | |
| 514655419 | 1 | [[ da : jugoslavien ]] [[ de : jugoslawien ]] [[ et : jugoslaavia ]] [[ el : γιουγκοσλαβία ]] [[ es : yugoslavia ]] [[ eo : jugoslavio ]] [[ | iugoslàvia | : yugoslavia ]] [[ fa : یوگسلاوی ]] [[ fo : jugoslavia ]] [[ fr : yougoslavie ]] [[ fy : joegoslaavje ]] [[ ga : an iúgslaiv ]] [[ gv | |
| 2 | da : jugoslavien ]] [[ de : jugoslawien ]] [[ et : jugoslaavia ]] [[ el : γιουγκοσλαβία ]] [[ es : yugoslavia ]] [[ eo : jugoslavio ]] [[ ext | [[ | yugoslavia ]] [[ fa : یوگسلاوی ]] [[ fo : jugoslavia ]] [[ fr : yougoslavie ]] [[ fy : joegoslaavje ]] [[ ga : an iúgslaiv ]] [[ gv : | ||
| 525949070 | 0 | ]] [[ arz : يوجوسلافيا ]] [[ ms : yugoslavia ]] [[ nl : joegoslavië ]] [[ ja : ユーゴスラビア ]] [[ no : jugoslavia ]] [[ nn : jugoslavia ]] | [[ pa : ਯੂਗੋਸਲਾਵੀਆ ]] | [[ pap : yugoslavia ]] [[ pl : jugosławia ]] [[ pt : jugoslávia ]] [[ ro : iugoslavia ]] [[ qu : yuguslawya ]] [[ ru : югославия ]] [[ | |
| 537097237 | 6 | rescinded those aspirations and accepted the opinion of [[ badinter arbitration committee ]] about shared succession , and reapplied for and gained un membership on 2 november 2000 . < ref | > {{ cite web | title | name | = fr yugoslavia investment profile 2001 | url = http : / / www . fifoost . org / jugoslaw / yugo . pdf | publisher = ebrd country promotion programme |
| 547327217 | 0 | [[ bogoljub kočović ]] showed that the actual number of dead was about 1 million . = = sfr yugoslavia = = {{ main | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} | {{ multiple image | align = right | direction = vertical | width = 210 | header = | image1 = | [[ file : | flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | caption1 = flag of [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | sfr yugoslavia ]] | image2 = yugoslavia . svg | caption2 = republics |
| 566575713 | 1 | pages = }} < / ref > however , he refused to abdicate . on 31 january 1946 , the new [[ 1946 yugoslav constitution | constitution ]] of [[ federal | people ' s | republic of yugoslavia ]] , modeled after the [[ soviet union ]] , established six republics , an autonomous province , and an autonomous district that were part of sr serbia | |
| 664053395 | 0 | | 44 | 49 | 14 | n | 20 | 27 | 44 | e | type : city _ source : kolossus - hewiki | display = title }} | {{ authority control }} | [[ category : yugoslavia | 01 ]] [[ category : former countries in the balkans ]] [[ category : former countries in europe ]] [[ category : former slavic countries ]] | |
| 674434116 | 0 | europe , 1918 – 1939 . ] , chapter 2 , ' ' mussolini , prisoner of the mediterranean ' ' < / ref > in [[ italy ]] . ]] | ' | ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ serbo - croatian ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] : ' ' jugoslavija | |
| 685200357 | 0 | europe , 1918 – 1939 . ] , chapter 2 , ' ' mussolini , prisoner of the mediterranean ' ' < / ref > in [[ italy ]] . ]] | ' | ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ' ( [[ serbo - croatian ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] : ' ' | |
| 685264223 | 1 | europe , 1918 – 1939 . ] , chapter 2 , ' ' mussolini , prisoner of the mediterranean ' ' < / ref > in [[ italy ]] . ]] | ' | ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ serbo - croatian ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] : ' ' jugoslavija | |
| 685357030 | 3 | europe , 1918 – 1939 . ] , chapter 2 , ' ' mussolini , prisoner of the mediterranean ' ' < / ref > in [[ italy ]] . ]] | ' | ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ' ( [[ serbo - croatian ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] : ' ' | |
| 685369118 | 2 | europe , 1918 – 1939 . ] , chapter 2 , ' ' mussolini , prisoner of the mediterranean ' ' < / ref > in [[ italy ]] . ]] | ' | ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ serbo - croatian ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] : ' ' jugoslavija | |
| 685373368 | 3 | europe , 1918 – 1939 . ] , chapter 2 , ' ' mussolini , prisoner of the mediterranean ' ' < / ref > in [[ italy ]] . ]] | ' | ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ' ( [[ serbo - croatian ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] : ' ' | |
| 685440379 | 2 | europe , 1918 – 1939 . ] , chapter 2 , ' ' mussolini , prisoner of the mediterranean ' ' < / ref > in [[ italy ]] . ]] | ' | ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ serbo - croatian ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] : ' ' jugoslavija | |
| 685823188 | 0 | europe , 1918 – 1939 . ] , chapter 2 , ' ' mussolini , prisoner of the mediterranean ' ' < / ref > in [[ italy ]] . ]] | ' | ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ' ( [[ serbo - croatian ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] : ' ' | |
| 687666912 | 1 | peoples ]] and constituted their first union , following centuries in which the territories had been part of the [[ ottoman empire ]] and [[ austria - hungary ]] . renamed | the | [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] on 3 october 1929 , it was [[ invasion of yugoslavia | invaded ]] by the [[ axis powers ]] on 6 april 1941 . in | |
| 702550312 | 54 | date = 24 march 1999 | accessdate = 29 december 2010 }} < / ref > after an economic and political crisis in the 1980s and the rise of nationalism , | [[ | yugoslavia [[ breakup of yugoslavia | broke up ]] along its republics ' borders , at first into five countries , leading to the [[ yugoslav wars ]] . after the | |
| 55 | = 24 march 1999 | accessdate = 29 december 2010 }} < / ref > after an economic and political crisis in the 1980s and the rise of nationalism , yugoslavia | ]] | [[ breakup of yugoslavia | broke up ]] along its republics ' borders , at first into five countries , leading to the [[ yugoslav wars ]] . after the breakup | ||
| 702589142 | 56 | 24 march 1999 | accessdate = 29 december 2010 }} < / ref > after an economic and political crisis in the [[ 1980s ]] and the rise of nationalism , | [[ | yugoslavia ]] [[ breakup of yugoslavia | broke up ]] along its republics ' borders , at first into five countries , leading to the [[ yugoslav wars ]] . after | |
| 68 | ]] proclaimed independence in [[ 2008 ]] . = = background = = ' ' ' {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} ' ' ' the concept of ' ' | [[ | yugoslavia ]] ' ' , as a single state for all [[ south slavs | south slavic ]] peoples , emerged in the late [[ 17th century ]] and gained prominence | ||
| 729316827 | 1 | location map . svg | thumb | right | 300px | general location of yugoslavia . first established with the [[ treaty of rapallo , 1920 | treaty of rapallo ]] | , the original western border left a population of half a million [[ south slavs ]] < ref name = " hehnp _ low _ dishonest _ decade " > hehn , paul n . ( 2005 ) [ https : / / books . google . com / books ? id = noalhezkydkc & pg = pa45 & dq = % 22the + treaty + left + half + a + million + slavs + inside + italy + while + only + a + few + hundred + italians & lr = & sig = acfu3u1d _ etppjl - 3k8nsyws4mfuun44sq a low dishonest decade : italy , the powers and eastern europe , 1918 – 1939 . ] , chapter 2 , ' ' mussolini , prisoner of the mediterranean ' ' < / ref > in [[ italy ]] . ]] | ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ croatian language | croatian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' ; [[ serbian language | |
| 768996113 | 8 | }} {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} [[ file : yugoslavia location map . svg | thumb | right | 300px | general location of yugoslavia ]] | | deputy1 = [[ josip broz tito ]] {{ small | ( first ) }} | deputy2 = [[ milan pančevski ]] {{ small | ( last ) }} | year _ deputy1 = 1945 – 1980 | year _ deputy2 = 1989 – 1990 --> | | legislature = [[ parliament of yugoslavia | federal assembly ]] | house1 = [[ federal assembly of the sfry | chamber of republics ]] | house2 = [[ federal assembly of the sfry | federal chamber ]] | | stat _ year1 = 1989 | stat _ area1 = 255804 | stat _ pop1 = 23724919 | cctld = [[ . yu ]] | calling _ code = 38 | today = {{ flagcountry | serbia }} < br / > {{ flagcountry | croatia }} < br / > {{ flagcountry | bosnia and herzegovina }} < br / > {{ flagcountry | slovenia }} < br / > {{ flagcountry | montenegro }} < br / > {{ flagcountry | macedonia }} < br / > {{ flagcountry | kosovo }} {{ efn | {{ kosovo - note }} }} | footnote _ a = {{ note | sh - lat }} full name in the [[ serbo - croatian ]] language , written in the [[ gaj ' s latin alphabet | latin alphabet ]] ( see [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia # name | name ]] section for details ) . | footnote _ b = {{ note | sh - cyr }} full name in [[ serbo - croatian ]] and [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] , written in [[ cyrillic script | cyrillic ]] . | footnote _ c = {{ note | sl }} full name in the [[ slovene language ]] ( slovene only uses [[ gaj ' s latin alphabet | latin ]] ) . | footnote _ d = {{ note | d }} there was no ' ' [[ de jure ]] ' ' official language at the federal level , < ref name = " hladczuk1992 " > {{ cite book | author = john hladczuk | title = international handbook of reading education | url = https : / / books . google . com / books ? id = 1yl9 _ n1k1q0c & pg = pa454 | date = 1 january 1992 | publisher = greenwood publishing group | isbn = 978 - 0 - 313 - 26253 - 1 | pages = 454 – }} < / ref > < ref name = " altman1978 " > {{ cite book | author = gavro altman | title = yugoslavia : a multinational community | url = https : / / books . google . com / books ? id = f - mnaaaamaaj | year = 1978 | publisher = jugoslovenska stvarnost }} < / ref > < ref name = " tulasiewicz1971 " > {{ cite book | author = jan bruno tulasiewicz | title = economic growth and development : a case study | url = https : / / books . google . com / books ? id = b1wkaaaamaaj | year = 1971 | publisher = morris print . company }} < / ref > but [[ serbo - croatian ]] was ' ' de facto ' ' official . it was also legally the official language in the federal republics of [[ socialist republic of serbia | serbia ]] , [[ socialist republic of croatia | croatia ]] , [[ socialist republic of bosnia and herzegovina | bosnia and herzegovina ]] , and [[ socialist republic of montenegro | montenegro ]] . < ref name = " hladczuk1992 " / > < ref name = " altman1978 " / > | footnote _ e = {{ note | e }} official in [[ socialist republic of slovenia | slovenia ]] . | footnote _ f = {{ note | f }} official in [[ socialist republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] . }} | ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( {{ lang - sh | jugoslavija }} / југославија , {{ lang - sl | jugoslavija }} , {{ lang - mk | | |
| 9 | ]] and constituted their first union , following centuries in which the territories had been part of the [[ ottoman empire ]] and [[ austria - hungary ]] . renamed the | ' ' ' | [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] on 3 october 1929 , it was [[ invasion of yugoslavia | invaded ]] by the [[ axis powers ]] on 6 april 1941 . in | ||
| 772701137 | 14 | 1945 – 1953 | year _ representative2 = 1989 – 1991 | | title _ deputy = [[ general secretary of the league of communists of yugoslavia | general secretary ]] | | deputy1 = [[ josip broz tito ]] {{ small | ( first ) }} | deputy2 = [[ milan pančevski ]] {{ small | ( last ) }} | year _ deputy1 = 1945 – 1980 | year _ deputy2 = 1989 – 1990 --> | | legislature = [[ parliament of yugoslavia | federal assembly ]] | house1 = [[ federal assembly of the sfry | chamber of republics ]] | house2 = [[ federal assembly of the sfry | federal chamber ]] | | stat _ year1 = 1989 | stat _ area1 = 255804 | stat _ pop1 = 23724919 | cctld = [[ . yu ]] | calling _ code = 38 | today = {{ flagcountry | serbia }} < br / > {{ flagcountry | croatia }} < br / > {{ flagcountry | bosnia and herzegovina }} < br / > {{ flagcountry | slovenia }} < br / > {{ flagcountry | montenegro }} < br / > {{ flagcountry | macedonia }} < br / > {{ flagcountry | kosovo }} {{ efn | {{ kosovo - note }} }} | footnote _ a = {{ note | sh - lat }} full name in the [[ serbo - croatian ]] language , written in the [[ gaj ' s latin alphabet | latin alphabet ]] ( see [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia # name | name ]] section for details ) . | footnote _ b = {{ note | sh - cyr }} full name in [[ serbo - croatian ]] and [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] , written in [[ cyrillic script | cyrillic ]] . | footnote _ c = {{ note | sl }} full name in the [[ slovene language ]] ( slovene only uses [[ gaj ' s latin alphabet | latin ]] ) . | footnote _ d = {{ note | d }} there was no ' ' [[ de jure ]] ' ' official language at the federal level , < ref name = " hladczuk1992 " > {{ cite book | author = john hladczuk | title = international handbook of reading education | url = https : / / books . google . com / books ? id = 1yl9 _ n1k1q0c & pg = pa454 | date = 1 january 1992 | publisher = greenwood publishing group | isbn = 978 - 0 - 313 - 26253 - 1 | pages = 454 – }} < / ref > < ref name = " altman1978 " > {{ cite book | author = gavro altman | title = yugoslavia : a multinational community | url = https : / / books . google . com / books ? id = f - mnaaaamaaj | year = 1978 | publisher = jugoslovenska stvarnost }} < / ref > < ref name = " tulasiewicz1971 " > {{ cite book | author = jan bruno tulasiewicz | title = economic growth and development : a case study | url = https : / / books . google . com / books ? id = b1wkaaaamaaj | year = 1971 | publisher = morris print . company }} < / ref > but [[ serbo - croatian ]] was ' ' de facto ' ' official . it was also legally the official language in the federal republics of [[ socialist republic of serbia | serbia ]] , [[ socialist republic of croatia | croatia ]] , [[ socialist republic of bosnia and herzegovina | bosnia and herzegovina ]] , and [[ socialist republic of montenegro | montenegro ]] . < ref name = " hladczuk1992 " / > < ref name = " altman1978 " / > | footnote _ e = {{ note | e }} official in [[ socialist republic of slovenia | slovenia ]] . | footnote _ f = {{ note | f }} official in [[ socialist republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] . }} | ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( {{ lang - sh | jugoslavija }} / југославија , {{ lang - sl | jugoslavija }} , {{ lang - mk | | |
| 15 | ]] and constituted their first union , following centuries in which the territories had been part of the [[ ottoman empire ]] and [[ austria - hungary ]] . renamed the | ' ' ' | [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' on 3 october 1929 , it was [[ invasion of yugoslavia | invaded ]] by the [[ axis powers ]] on 6 april | ||
| 790060291 | 0 | }} {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} [[ file : yugoslavia location map . svg | thumb | right | 300px | general location of yugoslavia ]] | [[ file : former _ yugoslavia _ 2008 . png | thumb | right | 300px | yugoslavia succeeds to seven countries , which are [[ slovenia ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ serbia ]] , [[ kosovo ]] and [[ former yugoslavia republic of macedonia ]] ( fyrom ) . ]] | ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( {{ lang - sh | jugoslavija }} / југославија {{ ipa - sh | juɡǒslaːʋija | } } ; {{ lang - sl | |
| 790094965 | 0 | }} {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} [[ file : yugoslavia location map . svg | thumb | right | 300px | general location of yugoslavia ]] | [[ file : former _ yugoslavia _ 2008 . png | thumb | right | 300px | yugoslavia succeeds to seven countries , which are [[ slovenia ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ serbia ]] , the [[ republic of macedonia ]] and [[ kosovo ]] ( disputed ) . ]] | ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( {{ lang - sh | jugoslavija }} / југославија {{ ipa - sh | juɡǒslaːʋija | } } ; {{ lang - sl | |
| 819821999 | 3 | | stat _ year2 = | stat _ area2 = | stat _ pop2 = | cctld = [[ . yu ]] | calling _ code = 38 | currency = | [[ yugoslav krone ]] {{ small | ( 1918 – 1920 ) }} < br / > [[ | yugoslav dinar | today = {{ flag | serbia }} < br / > {{ flag | croatia }} < br / > {{ flag | bosnia and herzegovina }} < | |
| 824490818 | 9 | > {{ small | " national anthem of the kingdom of yugoslavia " }} < br / > {{ center | [[ file : himna kraljevine jugoslavije . ogg ]] }} | < br / > ' ' ' 1943 – 1992 ' ' ' : < br / > ' ' [[ hej , slaveni ]] ' ' ( unofficial ) < br / > хеј , словени < br / > {{ small | " hey , slavs " }} < br / > {{ center | [[ file : united states navy band - hey , slavs . ogg ]] }} | capital = [[ belgrade ]] | demonym = | common _ languages = ' ' ' 1921 – 1945 : ' ' ' < br / > [[ serbo - croato - slovene ]] {{ ref label | scs | a | } } < ref name = " busch2004 " > {{ cite book | last1 = busch | first1 = birgitta | last2 = kelly - holmes | first2 = helen | title = language , discourse and borders in the yugoslav successor states | url = https : / / books . google . com / books ? id = mlxq5zkb _ vqc & pg = pa26 | year = 2004 | publisher = multilingual matters | isbn = 978 - 1 - 85359 - 732 - 9 | pages = 26 }} < / ref > < br / > ' ' ' 1945 – 1992 : ' ' ' < br / > [[ serbo - croatian ]] < br / > [[ slovene language | slovene ]] < br / > [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] | government _ type = [[ constitutional monarchy ]] < br / > {{ small | ( 1918 – 1929 ; 1931 – 1945 ) }} < br > [[ absolute monarchy ]] {{ small | ( 1929 – 1931 ) }} < br / > [[ federal republic | federal ]] [[ socialist state | socialist ]] [[ republic ]] {{ small | ( 1945 – 1992 ) }} | title _ leader = | leader1 = | year _ leader1 = | event _ start = [[ creation of yugoslavia | creation ]] | date _ start = 1 december | year _ start = 1918 | event1 = [[ invasion of yugoslavia | axis invasion ]] | date _ event1 = 6 april 1941 | event2 = [[ abolition of monarchy ]] | date _ event2 = 29 november 1945 | event _ end = [[ breakup of yugoslavia | disintegration ]] | date _ end = 27 april | year _ end = 1992 | stat _ year1 = 1918 | stat _ area1 = | stat _ pop1 = | stat _ year2 = | stat _ area2 = | stat _ pop2 = | cctld = [[ . yu ]] | calling _ code = 38 | currency = [[ yugoslav krone ]] < br / > {{ small | ( 1918 – 1920 ) }} < br / > [[ yugoslav dinar ]] < br / > {{ small | ( 1920 – 1992 ) }} | today = {{ flag | serbia }} < br / > {{ flag | croatia }} < br / > {{ flag | bosnia and herzegovina }} < br / > {{ flag | montenegro }} < br / > {{ flag | slovenia }} < br / > {{ flag | macedonia }} < br / > {{ flag | kosovo }} {{ ref label | ksv | b | } } | footnote _ a = {{ note | scs }} [[ serbo - croatian ]] and [[ slovene language | slovene ]] are separate languages , but that was not officially accepted or universally acknowledged at the time , and ' serbo - croato - slovene ' was declared the single official language ( ' ' srpsko - hrvatsko - slovenački ; ' ' also translated " serbocroatoslovenian " ) . in practice it functioned as serbo - croatian . < ref > {{ cite book | title = entangled histories of the balkans : volume one : national ideologies and language policies | url = https : / / books . google . com / books ? id = fgmjqmflygoc & pg = pa371 | year = 2013 | publisher = koninklijke brill nv | isbn = 978 - 90 - 04 - 25076 - 5 | page = 371 | editor1 - first = rumen | editor1 - last = daskalov | editor2 - first = tchavdar | editor2 - last = marinov | chapter = language and identity : the fate of serbo - croatian | first = ronelle | last = alexander | quote = now , however , the official language of the new state , the kingdom of serbs , croats , and slovenes , bore the unwieldy name serbo - croato - slovene ( ' ' srpsko - hrvatsko - slovenački ' ' ) . }} < / ref > < ref > {{ cite book | last1 = wojciechowski | first1 = sebastian | last2 = burszta | first2 = wojciech j . | last3 = kamusella | first3 = tomasz | title = nationalisms across the globe : an overview of nationalisms in state - endowed and stateless nations | volume = 2 | url = https : / / books . google . com / books ? id = hxyuaqaaiaaj | year = 2006 | publisher = school of humanities and journalism | isbn = 978 - 83 - 87653 - 46 - 0 | page = 79 | quote = similarly , the 1921 constitution declared serbocroatoslovenian as the official and national language of the kingdom of serbs , croats , and slovenians . }} < / ref > | footnote _ b = {{ note | ksv }} {{ kosovo - note }} }} | ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ serbo - croatian language | serbo - croatian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian | |
| 837392651 | 2 | main article | breakup of yugoslavia }} {{ unreferenced section | date = april 2016 }} [[ file : breakup of yugoslavia - try2 . gif | thumb | right | | 250px | upright = 1 . 15 | | breakup of yugoslavia ]] though the 1974 constitution reduced the power of the federal government , tito ' s authority substituted for this weakness until his death in 1980 . |
| 859418279 | 1 | {st@rt} {{ for2 | the 1918 – 1941 kingdom | | [[ | kingdom of yugoslavia ]] | the 1945 – 1992 socialist federation | [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] | the 1992 – 2006 federation and confederation between serbia and montenegro |
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| 403378 | 0 | . png ]] < / div > the federal republic of ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' is a country in southeastern europe , formed in [[ 1918 ]] as | a | the | [[ monarchy ]] . after [[ world war ii ]] it became a [[ communism | communist ]] country , ( petar ii [[ karadjordjevic ]] was the last king ) |
| 904667 | 16 | kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ]] , renamed the " kingdom of yugoslavia " in [[ 1929 ]] . after [[ world war ii ]] it became a [[ | communism | | communist ]] country , ( [[ petar ii karadjordjevic ]] was the last king ) under [[ president ]] [[ josip broz tito ]] , but unlike other eastern and central | |
| 1298298 | 0 | # 12450 ; ]] [[ nl : joegoslavi & euml ; ]] [[ pl : jugos % b3awia ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' is term casually used for | any of following | three separate | political entities : * [[ kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ]] , from [[ 1918 ]] to [[ 1929 ]] , * [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] from 1929 |
| 1309223 | 0 | > the [[ united nations ]] , and many individual states ( including the [[ united states ]] ) refused to recognise the remaining confederation of serbia and montenegro as the | [[ succession of states theory | | continuation of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia , although they accepted it as constituting a state . this situation is now resolved , with the admission of the federal republic | |
| 1 | the [[ united nations ]] , and many individual states ( including the [[ united states ]] ) refused to recognise the remaining confederation of serbia and montenegro as the continuation | ]] | of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia , although they accepted it as constituting a state . this situation is now resolved , with the admission of the federal republic of | ||
| 1377773 | 1 | republic of yugoslavia ' ' ' and again in [[ 1963 ]] to the [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] , under which it existed until [[ 1992 ]] when | four of | its constituent republics [[ slovenia ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] and [[ bosnia - herzegovina ]] separated . as a result a federation | |
| 1984503 | 2 | to the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' in [[ 1929 ]] and existed under that name until it was invaded in [[ 1941 ]] by | the | [[ axis powers ]] . the second was a [[ communist state ]] established immediately after [[ world war ii ]] in [[ 1945 ]] under the name ' ' ' | |
| 8640465 | 0 | {st@rt} ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( ' ' jugoslavija ' ' in all [[ south slavic languages ]] ) is a term used for three separate | but successive | political entities that existed during most of the [[ 20th century ]] . translated , the name means ' ' land of the south [[ slavs ]] ' ' ( ' | |
| 8716833 | 3 | into the largest resistance army in occupied western and central europe . the germans response was to punish the civil population by initiating reprisal killings and by permitting free hand to | the | quisling forces of the government of croatia , leading to great civilain loss of life , principally among the serbs of bosnia and croatia , who provided the bulk of partisan | |
| 5 | army ]] , led by [[ josip broz tito ]] , a [[ croats | croatian ]] member of the [[ communist party of yugoslavia ]] . the nla initiated a | wide - spread | [[ guerrilla ]] campaign which developed into the largest resistance army in occupied western and central europe . the germans response was to punish the civil population by initiating reprisal killings | ||
| 8718538 | 0 | other parts of the country went back to [[ albania ]] , [[ bulgaria ]] , [[ hungary ]] and [[ italy ]] . yugoslavs opposing the [[ nazi ]] s | organized resistance movements . those inclined towards supporting the old kingdom of yugoslavia joined the [[ chetniks ]] , a mostly serb - composed royalist guerilla led by colonel [[ draza mihailovic | dra & # 382 ; a mihajlovi & # 263 ; ]] . those inclined towards supporting the [[ communist party of yugoslavia | communist party ]] ( and against the king ) | joined the [[ partisans ( yugoslavia ) | yugoslav national liberation army ]] , led by [[ josip broz tito ]] , a [[ croats | croatian ]] member of the | |
| 12 | 1944 ]] and the rest of yugoslavia in [[ 1945 ]] . the [[ red army ]] aided in liberating [[ belgrade , yugoslavia | belgrade ]] . during the war | was over . westerner attempts to reunite | the [[ communism | communist ]] lead the [[ partisans ]] that were opposing the occupation and were ' ' de facto ' ' rulers on the liberated territories , but | ||
| 18 | ]] and the rest of yugoslavia in [[ 1945 ]] . the [[ red army ]] aided in liberating [[ belgrade , yugoslavia | belgrade ]] . during the war the | [[ communism | communist ]] lead the [[ | partisans ]] that were opposing the occupation and were ' ' de facto ' ' rulers on the liberated territories , but also denied supremacy of the old [[ kingdom of | ||
| 9813073 | 0 | | marshal tito led yugoslavia from the end of world war ii until his death in 1980 . ]] on [[ january 31 ]] , [[ 1946 ]] the new [[ | constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | | constitution ]] of [[ federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ]] , modeling the [[ soviet union ]] , established six constituent republics : * [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] | |
| 10662657 | 3 | power , arrested the vienna delegation , exiled paul , and instated the 17 - year old crown prince [[ petar ii karadjordjevic | peter ]] as the new king . | apparently this defiance infuriated | [[ adolf hitler | hitler ]] , so the axis decided to attack both yugoslavia and greece on [[ april 6 ]] . ( as a result , hitler had to | |
| 12142335 | 4 | greece ]] , and before germany committed its forces to the greek campaign , it wanted to secure yugoslavia ' s support . [[ pavle karadjordjevic | royal regent paul ]] | prince paul | submitted to the fascist pressure and signed the [[ tripartite treaty ]] in [[ vienna ]] on [[ march 25 ]] , [[ 1941 ]] , hoping to still keep yugoslavia | |
| 12142490 | 3 | general [[ dusan simovic ]] seized power , arrested the vienna delegation , exiled paul , and instated the 17 - year old crown prince [[ petar ii karadjordjevic | peter | ]] as the new king | full powers | . [[ adolf hitler | hitler ]] then decided to attack yugoslavia on [[ april 6 ]] , followed immediately by an invasion of [[ greece ]] where mussolini had previously |
| 13197885 | 3 | ]] . after some years of peace , in [[ 1998 ]] , the albanian organization [[ kosovo liberation army ]] started terrorist actions in the southern serbian province . in | form of police intervention and similar militia activity , to the point that there was widespread violence and emigration . following the [[ racak incident ]] and unsuccessful [[ rambouillet agreement ]] in the early months of | [[ 1999 ]] nato bombed serbia and montenegro for more than two months ( see [[ kosovo war ]] ) . since june 1999 , the province has been governed by | |
| 15457341 | 0 | yugoslavs opposing the [[ nazi ]] s organized resistance movements . those inclined towards supporting the old kingdom of yugoslavia joined the [[ chetniks ]] , a mostly serb - composed | nationalistic | royalist guerilla led by colonel [[ draza mihailovic | dra & # 382 ; a mihajlovi & # 263 ; ]] . those inclined towards supporting the [[ communist party of | |
| 6 | by the exiled royal government as well as the [[ allies ]] , but later strayed and lost that support , and also with the population . the german response to | both of these | resistance movements was to punish the civil population by carrying out reprisal killings and by giving a free hand to the quisling forces of the [[ independent state of croatia ]] | ||
| 22506754 | 0 | : / / www . nato . int / ifor / un / u911127a . htm ] the so - called badinter commission formed by the [[ european community ]] declared | in early 1992 | that the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia had " dissolved " in early 1992 . various dates are considered as the end of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia : * | |
| 25682758 | 10 | [[ president for life ]] . [[ image : balkans02 . jpg | thumb | right | former yugoslavia map ]] in sfry , each republic and province had its own | internal | constitution , supreme court , parliament , president and prime minister . at the top of the yugoslav government was a collective presidency , the federal prime minister , and the | |
| 27585752 | 0 | its own way to [[ socialism ]] under strong political leadership of [[ josip broz tito ]] . the country criticized both [[ eastern bloc | eastern bloc ]] and [[ | nato | | nato ]] nations and , together with other countries , started the [[ non - aligned movement ]] in [[ 1961 ]] , which remained the official affiliation of the country | |
| 31777742 | 0 | ]] , led by [[ josip broz tito ]] , a [[ croats | croatian ]] member of the [[ communist party of yugoslavia ]] . the nla initiated a [[ | guerrilla warfare | | guerrilla ]] campaign which was developed into the largest resistance army in occupied western and central europe . the chetniks initially made notable incursions and were supported by the exiled royal | |
| 33738425 | 5 | [[ collaboration | collaborate ]] with [[ axis powers ]] against nla . after allies realised that chetniks were helping germans they ceased to support them . the german response to | the | resistance movement was to punish the civil population by carrying out reprisal killings and by giving a free hand to the quisling forces of the [[ independent state of croatia ]] | |
| 43 | of bosnian population ) , which advocated continued union with yugoslavia . heavy pro - independence sentiment among bosnians muslims and croats resulted in a yes vote in the referendum . | while everyone advocated that any decision had to be made with the consent of all the three nations , | the referendum was declared valid , the opinion of the serbs was ignored , and the republic ' s government declared its independence . the serbs immediately declared the independence of | ||
| 34241700 | 11 | under the control of the newly created serb entity [[ republika srpska | republika srpska of bosnia and herzegovina ]] supported by the yugoslav army . in these areas , the | government held a national referendum on bosnian | independence referendum was boycotted . heavy pro - independence sentiment among bosnians muslims and croats resulted in a turn - out of around 64 % {{ ref | malcolm }} , | |
| 12 | the control of the newly created serb entity [[ republika srpska | republika srpska of bosnia and herzegovina ]] supported by the yugoslav army . in these areas , the independence | from yugoslavia . that | referendum was boycotted . heavy pro - independence sentiment among bosnians muslims and croats resulted in a turn - out of around 64 % {{ ref | malcolm }} , however | ||
| 34508805 | 1 | had been pursuing tactics of non - violent resistence in order to achieve independence for the province . in 1996 , albanians formed the [[ kosovo liberation army ]] ( considered | a | terrorist organisation by , among others , serbian authorities , and the u . s . state department , which added it to its list of terrorist organisations ) which carried | |
| 44222520 | 3 | [[ slovenia ]] , while other parts of the country were occupied by [[ bulgaria ]] , [[ hungary ]] and [[ italy ]] . yugoslavs opposing the [[ nazi ]] | s | organized resistance movements . those inclined towards supporting the old kingdom of yugoslavia joined the [[ chetniks ]] , a mostly serb - composed nationalistic royalist guerilla led by colonel [[ | |
| 5 | [[ informbiro ]] ) and started to build its own way to [[ socialism ]] under strong political leadership of [[ josip broz tito ]] . the country criticized both [[ | eastern bloc | | eastern bloc ]] and [[ nato ]] nations and , together with other countries , started the [[ non - aligned movement ]] in 1961 , which remained the official affiliation | ||
| 44361382 | 3 | was tito as president ( a collective presidency was formed after tito ' s death in 1980 ) , the federal prime minister , and the federal parliament . an important | role was one of the president of | were | the [[ communist party of yugoslavia ]] for each republic and province , and the president of presidency of central committee of the communist party . josip broz tito was the |
| 4 | formed after tito ' s death in 1980 ) , the federal prime minister , and the federal parliament . an important role was one of the president of the [[ | communist party | | communist party of yugoslavia ]] for each republic and province , and the president of presidency of central committee of the communist party . josip broz tito was the most powerful | ||
| 8 | central committee of the communist party . josip broz tito was the most powerful person in the country , and after him there were republic and province premiers and presidents , | plus | and | communist party presidents . people whom he did not favor varied greatly . slobodan penezić krcun served under tito as chief of secret police in serbia and then after he started | |
| 15 | federal republic of yugoslavia ]] and [[ josip broz tito | tito ]] was named [[ president for life ]] . in sfry , each republic and province had its own | internal | constitution , supreme court , parliament , president and prime minister . at the top of the yugoslav government was tito as president ( a collective presidency was formed after tito | ||
| 51598172 | 19 | , ethnic tensions grew in yugoslavia . considering long - standing serbo - croat disputes , which had been suppressed under tito , no one knew what the future had in | store . | legacy of constitution of 1974 threw the system of decision - making into a state of paralysis , all the more hopeless as the conflict of interests between the republics had | |
| 21 | a state of paralysis , all the more hopeless as the conflict of interests between the republics had become irreconciable . not a single important decision that might have eased the | situation could be taken | . the constitutional crisis that inevitably followed played in favour of slovenia and croatia and their strongly expressed demands for looser ties within federation . economic crisis at the time only | ||
| 53085765 | 11 | and renamed the country yugoslavia . he hoped to curb separatist tendencies and mitigate nationalist passions . however the balance of power changed in international relations : in italy and germany | , | fascists and nazis rose to power , and stalin became the absolute ruler in the soviet union . none of these three states favoured the policy pursued by aleksandar i . | |
| 18 | royal government as well as the [[ allies ]] , but soon restrained from taking wider actions due to german reprisals against serb civilian population . for a killed soldier , | the | germans executed 100 civilians , for a wounded one , they killed 50 . following chetniks ' termination of war activities , the allies eventually switched to support the nla . | ||
| 25 | the exiled royal government as well as the [[ allies ]] , but soon restrained from taking wider actions due to german reprisals against serb civilian population . for a killed | soldier | , germans executed 100 civilians , for a wounded one , they killed 50 . following chetniks ' termination of war activities , the allies eventually switched to support the nla | ||
| 54749729 | 0 | [[ croatia ]] * [[ montenegro ]] * [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] * [[ serbia ]] * [[ slovenia ]] the first former yugoslav republic that joined the | pie | [[ european union ]] was slovenia which applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004 . croatia applied for membership in 2003 , and could join before 2010 . macedonia | |
| 54853772 | 0 | [[ croatia ]] * [[ montenegro ]] * [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] * [[ serbia ]] * [[ slovenia ]] the first former yugoslav republic that joined the | pie | [[ european union ]] was slovenia which applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004 . croatia applied for membership in 2003 , and could join before 2010 . macedonia | |
| 56640106 | 0 | the constitution of 1974 threw the system of decision - making into a state of paralysis , all the more hopeless as the conflict of interests between the republics had become | irreconciable | irreconcilable | . the constitutional crisis that inevitably followed played in favour of slovenia and croatia and their strongly expressed demands for looser ties within federation . the collapse of yugoslavia was the |
| 57059880 | 0 | was called ' ' ' [[ serbia and montenegro | federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( fry ) ' ' ' and was formed in 1992 on the territory of the | two | remaining republics of [[ serbia ]] ( including the autonomous provinces of [[ vojvodina ]] and of [[ kosovo ]] , officially known as kosovo and [[ metohija ]] ) and | |
| 59611366 | 3 | [[ 1941 ]] by the [[ axis powers ]] . capitulating only 11 days later , it ceased to exist [[ april 17 ]] , [[ 1941 ]] . * the | second | ' ' ' [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( sfry ) ' ' ' | was a [[ socialist state ]] established immediately after [[ world war ii ]] in [[ november 29 ]] , [[ 1945 ]] as democratic federation of yugoslavia ( dfy ) |
| 63327901 | 18 | politicians opposed the new state right from the start . the croatian peasants ' party ( hss ) slowly grew to become a massive party endorsing croatian national interests and seeking | a | confederation . the elections for the constituent assembly in november 1920 brought victory for the two main serbian parties . communists came third and croatian peasant party fourth . the newly | |
| 23 | slowly grew to become a massive party endorsing croatian national interests and seeking confederation . the elections for the constituent assembly in november 1920 brought victory for the two main serbian | ]] | parties . communists came third and croatian peasant party fourth . the newly formed government was determined to push through a centralist constitution . in response , the croatian peasant party | ||
| 53 | montenegrin serb , leapt up in the chamber and shot two croats and wounded three others , including stjepan radić , who eventually died . following this , king aleksandar i | ]] | banned national political parties in 1929 , assumed executive power and renamed the country yugoslavia . he hoped to curb separatist tendencies and mitigate nationalist passions . however , the balance | ||
| 59 | renamed the country yugoslavia . he hoped to curb separatist tendencies and mitigate nationalist passions . however , the balance of power changed in international relations : in italy and germany | ]] | , fascists and nazis rose to power , and stalin became the absolute ruler in the soviet union . none of these three states favoured the policy pursued by aleksandar i | ||
| 60 | the country yugoslavia . he hoped to curb separatist tendencies and mitigate nationalist passions . however , the balance of power changed in international relations : in italy and germany , | [[ fascism | | fascists and nazis rose to power , and stalin became the absolute ruler in the soviet union . none of these three states favoured the policy pursued by aleksandar i . | ||
| 79 | headed by his cousin prince paul . the international political scene in the late 1930s was marked by growing intolerance between the principal figures , by the aggressive attitude of the | [[ totalitarianism | | totalitarian regimes and by the certainty that the order set up after world war i was losing its strongholds and its sponsors were losing their strength . supported and pressured by | ||
| 81 | totalitarian regimes and by the certainty that the order set up after world war i was losing its strongholds and its sponsors were losing their strength . supported and pressured by | [[ italian fascism | | fascist italy and nazi germany , croatian leader vlatko macek and his party managed the creation of the croatian banovina ( administrative province ) in 1939 . the agreement specified that | ||
| 95 | army general [[ dušan simović ]] seized power , arrested the vienna delegation , exiled paul , and ended the regency , giving 17 year old king peter full powers . | = = = the invasion of yugoslavia = = = | [[ adolf hitler | hitler ]] then decided to attack yugoslavia on [[ april 6 ]] , followed immediately by an invasion of [[ greece ]] where mussolini had previously been | ||
| 63330276 | 1 | launch of [[ operation barbarossa ]] was delayed by four weeks , which proved to be a costly decision . ) = = yugoslavia during the second world war = = | {{ | [[ adolf hitler | hitler ]] then decided to attack yugoslavia on [[ april 6th ]] 1941 , followed immediately by an invasion of [[ greece ]] where [[ benito mussolini | |
| 16 | the [[ axis powers ]] occupied yugoslavia and split it up . the [[ independent state of croatia ]] was established as a nazi puppet - state , ruled by the | [[ catholicism | | catholic fascist militia known as the [[ ustaše ]] that came into existence in 1929 , but was relatively limited in its activities until 1941 . german troops occupied bosnia and | ||
| 17 | [[ axis powers ]] occupied yugoslavia and split it up . the [[ independent state of croatia ]] was established as a nazi puppet - state , ruled by the catholic | ]] [[ fascism | | fascist militia known as the [[ ustaše ]] that came into existence in 1929 , but was relatively limited in its activities until 1941 . german troops occupied bosnia and herzegovina | ||
| 26 | nationalistic royalist guerilla army led by colonel [[ draža mihajlović ]] . those inclined towards supporting the [[ communist party of yugoslavia | communist party ]] ( and against the king | ) | , | joined the [[ partisans ( yugoslavia ) | yugoslav national liberation army ]] , led by [[ josip broz tito ]] , a [[ croats | croat ]] - [[ slovenian | |
| 63331191 | 2 | the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution ]] of [[ federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ]] , modeling the [[ soviet union ]] , established six constituent republics | , | and two autonomous provinces . the republics were : * [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] * [[ croatia ]] * [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] * [[ montenegro ]] | |
| 3 | federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution ]] of [[ federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ]] , modeling the [[ soviet union ]] , established six constituent republics and two | socialist | autonomous provinces . the republics were : * [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] * [[ croatia ]] * [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] * [[ montenegro ]] * [[ | ||
| 4 | of yugoslavia | constitution ]] of [[ federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ]] , modeling the [[ soviet union ]] , established six constituent republics and two autonomous provinces | that were part of sr serbia | . the republics were : * [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] * [[ croatia ]] * [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] * [[ montenegro ]] * [[ serbia ]] | ||
| 5 | | constitution ]] of [[ federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ]] , modeling the [[ soviet union ]] , established six constituent republics and two autonomous provinces . the | federal capital was [[ belgrade ]] . | republics were : * [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] * [[ croatia ]] * [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] * [[ montenegro ]] * [[ serbia ]] * [[ | ||
| 63517403 | 4 | nations and , together with other countries , started the [[ non - aligned movement ]] in 1961 , which remained the official affiliation of the country until it dissolved . | = = = the economy = = = | although rigorously socialist in developing her industrial base , yugoslavia allowed a certain amount of capitalist incursions , in the spirit of pluralism . this openness to western investment , however | |
| 26 | of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution ]] was ratified in 1974 that gave more rights to the individual republics and provinces . = = = ethnic tensions and | the | economic crisis = = = the post - world war two yugoslavia was in many respects a model of how to build a multinational state . the federation was constructed against | ||
| 34 | war yugoslavia which had been dominated by serbian ruling class ; and a war - time slaughter in which the nazis made use of the earlier serbian oppression to use croatian | ]] [[ | fascism for barbarous slaughter and also exploited anti - serb sentiment amongst the kosovo albanian - and some elements in the bosnian muslim - population to bolster their rule . there | ||
| 48 | the yugoslav government then accepted the imf ' s conditionalities which shifted the burden of the crisis onto the yugoslav working class . simultaneously , strong social groups emerged within the | [[ league of communists of yugoslavia | | yugoslav communist party , allied to western business , banking and state interests and began pushing towards neoliberalism , to the delight of the us . it was the reagan administration | ||
| 95 | and ' join europe ' . the appeal of milosević in serbia was based around the idea that the west was acting against the serbian people ' s interests . these | [[ nationalism | | nationalist appeals were ultimately successful : in every republic , beginning with slovenia and croatia in the spring , governments ignored the monetary restrictions of marković ' s stabilisation programme in | ||
| 99 | whilst dampening the institutional and material power of the federal government . tito ' s authority substituted for this weakness until his death in 1980 , after which the state and | [[ league of communists of yugoslavia | | communist party became increasingly paralysed and thrown into crisis . = = = breakup = = = {{ npov - section }} {{ wikify - date | june 2006 }} after | ||
| 63521475 | 69 | serbian [[ communist ]] leader [[ slobodan milošević ]] sought to restore pre - 1974 serbian sovereignty , which republics of slovenia and croatia denounced as the revival of great serbian | [[ hegemony | | hegemonism . autonomy of [[ vojvodina ]] and of [[ kosovo | kosovo and metohija ]] was reduced , though both entities retained a vote in the yugoslav presidency council . | |
| 77 | turned into widespread demonstrations demanding kosovo republic . this angered serbia ' s leadership who proceeded to use police to restrain the violence . as police was insufficient force , the | [[ yugoslav people ' s army | | federal army was ordered by yugoslav presidency to restore order . in january 1990 , the extraordinary 14th congress of the [[ league of communists of yugoslavia ]] was convened . | ||
| 90 | serbia and montenegro elected candidates who favoured yugoslav unity . in croatia there was growing advocacy of " croatian state and historical rights " , the serbs were stripped of their | [[ nation | | national and constitutional rights , thus becoming demoted from a constituent nation of croatia to national minority . following this , the serbs proclaimed the emergence of serbian autonomous areas ( | ||
| 121 | an escalation of conflicts , but not for long . following the first multi - party election results , the republics of slovenia and croatia proposed transforming yugoslavia into a loose | [[ | confederation of six republics in the autumn of 1990 , however [[ slobodan milošević | milošević ]] rejected all such proposals , arguing that like slovenes and croats , the serbs | ||
| 64572469 | 1 | set up after world war i was losing its strongholds and its sponsors were losing their strength . supported and pressured by [[ italian fascism | fascist italy ]] and [[ | nazi germany | | nazi germany ]] , croatian leader [[ vlatko maček ]] and his party managed the creation of the [[ banovina of croatia | croatian banovina ]] ( administrative province ) in | |
| 65111870 | 0 | by social groups in yugoslavia and in the west to undermine the collectivised core of the economy and push yugoslavia towards a capitalist restoration . some [[ europe | european ]] | n | governments had their interests and wanted the break - up of yugoslavia , something not true in the case of any other part of [[ eastern europe | east ]] [[ | |
| 5 | was then used by social groups in yugoslavia and in the west to undermine the collectivised core of the economy and push yugoslavia towards a capitalist restoration . some [[ europe | | european | ]] governments had their interests and wanted the break - up of yugoslavia , something not true in the case of any other part of [[ eastern europe | east ]] | ||
| 65148286 | 0 | was then used by social groups in yugoslavia and in the west to undermine the collectivised core of the economy and push yugoslavia towards a capitalist restoration . some [[ europe | | european | ]] n governments had their interests and wanted the break - up of yugoslavia , something not true in the case of any other part of [[ eastern europe | east | |
| 1 | then used by social groups in yugoslavia and in the west to undermine the collectivised core of the economy and push yugoslavia towards a capitalist restoration . some [[ europe ]] | n | governments had their interests and wanted the break - up of yugoslavia , something not true in the case of any other part of [[ eastern europe | east ]] [[ | ||
| 68011126 | 6 | ' ' југославија ' ' in [[ serbian language | serbian ]] and [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] [[ cyrillic ]] ) is a term used for the three separate | but successive | political entities that existed during most of the [[ 20th century ]] on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in [[ europe ]] . translated , the name means ' ' land | |
| 71228434 | 0 | of yugoslavia ]] = = = at 5 : 15 a . m . on [[ april 6th ]] [[ 1941 ]] , [[ nazi germany | german ]] , [[ | italian | fascism in italy | italian ]] , [[ hungary | hungarian ]] , and [[ bulgaria ]] n forces attacked yugoslavia . the [[ luftwaffe ]] bombed [[ belgrade ]] and | |
| 71228578 | 1 | party endorsing croatian national interests and seeking a confederation . the elections for the constituent assembly in [[ november ]] [[ 1920 ]] brought victory for the two main [[ serbian | ]] | parties . [[ communism | communists ]] came third and croatian peasant party fourth . the newly formed government was determined to push through a centralist constitution . in response , | |
| 80382137 | 17 | , it was becoming more and more involved in state politics . on [[ june 25th ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , slovenia and croatia became the first republics to declare | illegal | [[ independence ]] from yugoslavia . in slovenia , slovenian territorial defence ( paramilitary force ) seized the yugoslav border posts with austria and italy taking down the [[ flag of | |
| 19 | [[ brioni agreement ]] , agreed upon by representatives of all republics , the international community pressured slovenia and croatia to place a three - month [[ moratorium ]] on their | illegal | independence declarations . during these three months , the yugoslav army completed its pull - out of slovenia , but in croatia , a bloody [[ war in croatia | war | ||
| 23 | declared independence * [[ october 8 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , when the [[ july 9 ]] th moratorium on slovenian and croatian secession was ended and croatia restated its | illegal | independence in croatian parliament ( that day is celebrated as independence day in croatia ) * [[ january 15 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , when slovenia and croatia were internationally | ||
| 25 | albania and even such distant countries as australia , saudi arab emirates , libia , and al - qaida ' s afghan - tested mujaheedins , trained by the cia . | the legacy of the [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution of 1974 ]] threw the system of decision - making into a state of paralysis , all the more hopeless as the conflict of interests between the republics had become irreconcilable . | the constitutional crisis that inevitably followed played in favour of slovenia and croatia and their strongly expressed demands for looser ties within federation . the collapse of yugoslavia was the result | ||
| 80540551 | 4 | endorsing croatian national interests and seeking a confederation . the elections for the constituent assembly in [[ november ]] [[ 1920 ]] brought victory for the two main serbian parties . | jugoslavia - oriented | [[ communism | communists ]] came third and croatian peasant party fourth . the newly formed government was determined to push through a centralist constitution . in response , the croatian | |
| 80541881 | 7 | [[ tito - šubašić agreement ]] in june 1944 , however tito was seen as a national hero by the citizens , so he gained the power in post - war | elections | independent [[ communism | communist ]] state , starting as a [[ prime minister ]] . = = the second yugoslavia = = ' ' main article : [[ socialist federal | |
| 8 | tito - šubašić agreement ]] in june 1944 , however tito was seen as a national hero by the citizens , so he gained the power in post - war independent | and established | [[ communism | communist ]] state , starting as a [[ prime minister ]] . = = the second yugoslavia = = ' ' main article : [[ socialist federal republic | ||
| 80546909 | 35 | - up of people living in these territories . the elections for the constituent assembly in [[ november ]] [[ 1920 ]] brought victory for the two main serbian parties . | jugoslavia - oriented | [[ communism | communists ]] came third and croatian peasant party fourth . the newly formed government was determined to push through a centralist constitution . in response , the croatian | |
| 37 | led to the [[ tito - šubašić agreement ]] in june 1944 , however tito was seen as a national hero by the citizens , so he gained the power in | the first free | post - war elections independent and established [[ communism | communist ]] republic , starting as a [[ prime minister ]] . = = the second yugoslavia = = ' ' | ||
| 39 | ]] in june 1944 , however tito was seen as a national hero by the citizens , so he gained the power in the first free post - war elections independent | and established | [[ communism | communist ]] republic , starting as a [[ prime minister ]] . = = the second yugoslavia = = ' ' main article : [[ socialist federal republic | ||
| 81012497 | 0 | was a product of visionary thinking of croat writers and philosophers who realised that the only way for southern slavs to regain lost freedom was to unite and free themselves of | tyranies | tyrannies | and dictatorships under the austro - hungarian and turkish occupiers . they gave it the name ilirski pokret ( illyric movement ) and gathered many prominent croatian intellectuals and politicians around |
| 82800045 | 1 | , of course , to suggest that there were no other , specifically yugoslav , structural flaws which helped to generate the collapse . for instance , many would argue that | had led to | the decentralised market socialism was a disastrous experiment for a state in yugoslavia ' s geopolitical situation . the 1974 constitution , though better for the kosovar albanians , had given | |
| 83629642 | 2 | resistance movements . those inclined towards supporting the old kingdom of yugoslavia joined the [[ chetniks ]] ( ' ' četnici ' ' ) , a mostly serb - composed nationalistic | fasicst | royalist guerilla army led by colonel [[ draža mihajlović | dragoljub " draža " mihailović ]] . those inclined towards supporting the [[ communist party of yugoslavia | communist party ]] | |
| 83629819 | 0 | known for their war crimes and atrocities against non - orthodox population , croatians , muslims etc . ) , a serb - composed nationalistic fasicst royalist guerilla army led by | colonel | convicted war criminal [[ draža mihajlović | dragoljub " draža " mihailović ]] . but very shortly after the begining of war chetniks started to collaborate with nazis . those inclined | |
| 83667331 | 2 | [[ chetniks ]] ( ' ' četnici ' ' known for their war crimes and atrocities against non - orthodox population , croatians , muslims etc . ) , a serb | - composed nationalistic fasicst | , | royalist guerilla army led by convicted war criminal [[ draža mihajlović | dragoljub " draža " mihailović ]] . but very shortly after the begining of war chetniks started to collaborate |
| 83862003 | 4 | ]] , ' ' југославија ' ' in [[ serbian language | serbian ]] and [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] [[ cyrillic ]] ) is a term used for the | [[ south slavs ]] " ) describes | three separate political entities that existed during most of the [[ 20th century ]] on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in [[ europe ]] . the name means ' ' land | |
| 13 | only 11 days later , it ceased to exist on [[ april 17 ]] , [[ 1941 ]] . the ' ' ' second yugoslavia ' ' ' was a [[ | socialism | | socialist state ]] established immediately after [[ world war ii ]] in [[ november 29 ]] [[ 1945 ]] as the succesor state to the kingdom of yugoslavia . it existed | ||
| 84299894 | 3 | federal republic of yugoslavia ' ' ' ( fry ) ( 1992 ) was a [[ federation ]] on the [[ federal republic of yugoslavia | territory of the two remaining | how | republics ]] of [[ serbia ]] ( including the autonomous provinces of [[ vojvodina ]] and [[ kosovo and metohija ]] ) and [[ montenegro ]] . on [[ february 4 | |
| 84305972 | 5 | federal republic of yugoslavia ' ' ' ( fry ) ( 1992 ) was a [[ federation ]] on the [[ federal republic of yugoslavia | territory of the two remaining | how | republics ]] of [[ serbia ]] ( including the autonomous provinces of [[ vojvodina ]] and [[ kosovo and metohija ]] ) and [[ montenegro ]] . on when [[ february | |
| 85057086 | 0 | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution ]] of [[ federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ]] , modeling the [[ soviet union ]] , established six socialist republics , | and two | a | socialist autonomous provinces that were part of sr serbia . the federal capital was [[ belgrade ]] . republics and provinces were ( in alphabetical order ) : # socialist republic |
| 91986037 | 17 | survival and manifold development of their moral and material life " . the future state was to be called the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes and was to be | a | constitutional monarchy under the karađorđević dynasty . = = = the unification of slovenes , croats and serbs = = = as the habsburg empire dissolved , a national council of | |
| 24 | he hoped to curb separatist tendencies and mitigate nationalist passions . however , the balance of power changed in international relations : in [[ italy ]] and [[ germany ]] , | where | [[ fascism | fascists ]] and [[ nazism | nazis ]] rose to power , and [[ joseph stalin | stalin ]] became the absolute ruler in the [[ soviet union | ||
| 25 | power changed in international relations : in [[ italy ]] and [[ germany ]] , [[ fascism | fascists ]] and [[ nazism | nazis ]] rose to power , and | the [[ soviet union ]] , where | [[ joseph stalin | stalin ]] became the absolute ruler in the [[ soviet union ]] . none of these three states favoured the policy pursued by aleksandar i . in | ||
| 31 | intellectuals and politicians around the new idea , but the movement started gaining large momentum only at the end of the 19th century , mainly because of the harsh policies against | any | freedom movements occupied southern slavs could possibly have , practiced by both austrian and hungarian dictators . as the ottoman empire grew weaker and serbia , bulgaria and greece grew stronger | ||
| 98746734 | 4 | , it was becoming more and more involved in state politics . on [[ june 25 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , slovenia and croatia became the first republics to declare | illegal | [[ independence ]] from yugoslavia . in slovenia , slovenian people ' s defence ( paramilitary force ) seized the yugoslav border posts with austria and italy taking down the [[ | |
| 5 | in croatia , a bloody [[ war in croatia | war ]] broke out in the autumn of 1991 . ethnic [[ serbs ]] , who had created the their own | illegal | state [[ republic of serbian krajina ]] in heavily serb - populated regions resisted the forces of the republic of croatia who were trying to bring that breakaway region back under | ||
| 10 | declared independence * [[ october 8 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , when the [[ july 9 ]] th moratorium on slovenian and croatian secession was ended and croatia restated its | illegal | independence in croatian parliament ( that day is celebrated as independence day in croatia ) * [[ january 15 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , when slovenia and croatia were internationally | ||
| 101441759 | 0 | part of [[ serbia ]] and [[ slovenia ]] , while other parts of the country were occupied by [[ bulgaria ]] , [[ hungary ]] and [[ italy ]] . | during this time croatia along with bosnian muslims created concentration camps for serbs , roma , and jews , one of the most famous being [[ jasenovac ]] . estimates point that up to 800 , 000 men , women and children were executed in these camps , most of whom were serbs . croatia , nazis and vatican had a plan to kill a third of serbs , convert a third , and ethnically cleanse the last third . | = = = resistance movements = = = {{ main | people ' s liberation war }} yugoslavs opposing the [[ nazism | nazis ]] organized resistance movement . those inclined | |
| 102669832 | 1 | at belgrade , ending eleven days of resistance against the invading german wehrmacht . more than three hundred thousand yugoslav officers and soldiers were taken prisoners . = = = the | independent state of croatia = = = {{ main | independent state of croatia }} [[ image : jasenovac1 . jpg | thumb | in the [[ independent state of croatia ]] , [[ serbs ]] , [[ jews ]] and [[ roma people | gypsies ]] were marched to the [[ jasenovac concentration camp ]] . ]] the [[ | axis powers ]] occupied yugoslavia and split it up . the [[ independent state of croatia ]] was established as a nazi puppet - state , ruled by the [[ catholicism | |
| 105959469 | 2 | on [[ january 6 ]] , [[ 1929 ]] by [[ alexander i of yugoslavia ]] . it was invaded on [[ april 6 ]] , [[ 1941 ]] by the | fartnoxers | [[ axis powers ]] and capitulated eleven days later . the ' ' ' second yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ november 29 ]] , [[ 1943 ]] & ndash ; | |
| 105959810 | 2 | on [[ january 6 ]] , [[ 1929 ]] by [[ alexander i of yugoslavia ]] . it was pooped on [[ april 6 ]] , [[ 1941 ]] by the | fartnoxers | [[ axis powers ]] and capitulated eleven days later . the ' ' ' second yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ november 29 ]] , [[ 1943 ]] & ndash ; | |
| 107135877 | 0 | and serbia respectively declared their independence , thereby ending the last remnants of the former yugoslav federation . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = = = = | southern slavic | state = = = the first idea of a state for all south slavs emerged in the late 17th century , a product of visionary thinking of croat writers and philosophers | |
| 107136022 | 0 | and serbia respectively declared their independence , thereby ending the last remnants of the former yugoslav federation . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = = = = | southern slavic | state = = = the first idea of a state for all south slavs emerged in the late 17th century , a product of visionary thinking of croat writers and philosophers | |
| 107220473 | 37 | 25 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , slovenia and croatia became the first republics to declare [[ independence ]] from yugoslavia . in slovenia , slovenian people ' s defence ( | ' ' teritorialna obramba ' ' , a | paramilitary force ) seized the yugoslav border posts with austria and italy taking down the [[ flag of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | yugoslav ]] and raising the [[ | |
| 59 | [[ brioni agreement ]] , agreed upon by representatives of all republics , the international community pressured slovenia and croatia to place a three - month [[ moratorium ]] on their | illegal | independence declarations . during these three months , the yugoslav army completed its pull - out from slovenia , but in croatia , a bloody [[ war in croatia | war | ||
| 110042365 | 4 | intellectuals and politicians around the new idea , but the movement started gaining large momentum only at the end of the 19th century , mainly because of the harsh policies against | ' ' ' | freedom movements among occupied southern slavs practiced by austrian and hungarian dictators . as the ottoman empire grew weaker and serbia , bulgaria and greece grew stronger after the [[ berlin | |
| 115538178 | 0 | . for every killed soldier , the germans executed 100 civilians , and for each wounded , they killed 50 . regarding the human cost as too high , the chetniks | ' | terminated war activities against the germans , and the allies eventually switched to support the nov . however , nov carried on its guerrilla warfare . the [[ demography | demographic | |
| 124000203 | 0 | taken prisoners . the axis powers occupied yugoslavia and split it up . the independent state of croatia was established as a nazi puppet - state , ruled by the [[ | catholicism | catholic ]] [[ | fascism | fascist ]] militia known as the ustaše that came into existence in 1929 , but was relatively limited in its activities until 1941 . german troops occupied bosnia and | |
| 125863620 | 0 | i of yugoslavia | king alexander i ]] banned national political parties in 1929 , assumed executive power and renamed the country yugoslavia . he hoped to curb separatist tendencies and | fuck your mother | mitigate nationalist passions . however , alexander ' s policies soon ran into the obstacle of opposition from other european powers due to developments in [[ italy ]] and [[ germany | |
| 125863690 | 0 | i of yugoslavia | king alexander i ]] banned national political parties in 1929 , assumed executive power and renamed the country yugoslavia . he hoped to curb separatist tendencies and | fuck your mother | mitigate nationalist passions . however , alexander ' s policies soon ran into the obstacle of opposition from other european powers due to developments in [[ italy ]] and [[ germany | |
| 127641711 | 0 | gypsies and jews , one of the most famous being jasenovac . a large number of men , women and children , mostly serbs , were executed in these camps . | according to mile budak , croatia planned to kill a third of the serbs , convert a third to catholicism , and ethnically cleanse ( expel ) the last third . | = = = resistance movements = = = {{ main | people ' s liberation war }} yugoslavs opposing the [[ nazism | nazis ]] organized resistance movement . those inclined | |
| 134919978 | 9 | [[ serbs | serbian ]] ruling class ; and a war - time slaughter in which the [[ nazis ]] made use of the earlier serbian oppression to use [[ croatia | | croatian | ]] [[ fascism ]] for barbarous acts against the serbs and also exploited anti - serb sentiment amongst the [[ kosovo | kosovar ]] [[ albanians ]] - and some elements | |
| 12 | favoured yugoslav unity . in croatia there was growing advocacy of " ' ' croatian state and historical rights ' ' " , the serbs were stripped of their [[ nation | | national | ]] and [[ constitution | constitutional ]] rights , thus becoming demoted from a constituent nation of croatia to national minority . following this , the serbs proclaimed the emergence of | ||
| 135158463 | 1 | in the autumn of 1991 . ethnic [[ serbs ]] , who had created their own state [[ republic of serbian krajina ]] in heavily serb - populated regions resisted the | police | forces of the republic of croatia who were trying to bring that breakaway region back under croatian jurisdiction . in some places , the yugoslav army acted as a buffer zone | |
| 142795804 | 0 | gypsies and jews , one of the most famous being jasenovac . a large number of men , women and children , mostly serbs , were executed in these camps . | s | = = = resistance movements = = = {{ main | people ' s liberation war }} yugoslavs opposing the [[ nazism | nazis ]] unorganized resistance movement . those inclined | |
| 143540521 | 0 | gypsies and jews , one of the most famous being jasenovac . a large number of men , women and children , mostly serbs , were executed in these camps . | s | = | = = = resistance movements = = = {{ main | people ' s liberation war }} yugoslavs opposing the [[ nazism | nazis ]] unorganized resistance movement . those inclined |
| 150932203 | 13 | , a number of prominent political figures , including [[ ante trumbić ]] , [[ ivan meštrović ]] , [[ nikola stojadinović ]] and others from south slavic lands under the | [[ house of | habsburg empire fled to london , where they began work on forming a yugoslav committee . their mission was to represent the south slavs of the empire , and they chose | |
| 51 | italian claims in [[ istria ]] and [[ dalmatia ]] . in 1915 , the allies had lured the italians into the war with a promise of substantial territorial gains in | exchange . according to the secret | [[ london pact ]] , these included istria and large parts of dalmatia , which had substantial numbers of italians living in the coastal cities surrounded by slavs . [[ image | ||
| 158242560 | 5 | and croatia restated its independence in croatian parliament ( that day is celebrated as independence day in croatia ) * [[ september 8 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , when macedonia | ]] | declared independence * [[ january 15 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , when slovenia and croatia were internationally recognized by most european countries * [[ april 6 ]] , [[ 1992 | |
| 160502277 | 9 | state , ruled by the [[ fascism | fascist ]] militia known as the ustaše that came into existence in 1929 , but was relatively limited in its activities until 1941 | ]] . a [[ serbia ( 1941 - 1944 ) | serbian state ]] was also established as another puppet state | . german troops occupied bosnia and herzegovina as well as part of serbia and slovenia , while other parts of the country were occupied by bulgaria , hungary and italy . | |
| 160502817 | 2 | than three hundred thousand yugoslav officers and soldiers were taken prisoners . the axis powers occupied yugoslavia and split it up . the independent state of croatia was established as a | [[ | nazi [[ puppet state ]] , ruled by the [[ fascism | fascist ]] militia known as the [[ ustaše ]] that came into existence in [[ 1929 ]] , but | |
| 3 | three hundred thousand yugoslav officers and soldiers were taken prisoners . the axis powers occupied yugoslavia and split it up . the independent state of croatia was established as a nazi | ]] | [[ puppet state ]] , ruled by the [[ fascism | fascist ]] militia known as the [[ ustaše ]] that came into existence in [[ 1929 ]] , but was | ||
| 160502970 | 0 | , [[ nazi germany | german ]] , [[ italian fascism | italian ]] , [[ hungary | hungarian ]] , and [[ bulgaria ]] n forces attacked yugoslavia . the | german air force ( ' ' | [[ luftwaffe ]] bombed [[ belgrade ]] and other major yugoslav cities . on [[ april 17 ]] , representatives of yugoslavia ' s various regions signed an armistice with germany | |
| 160691054 | 1 | by the end of the april 1941 , [[ independent state of croatia ]] has been created , as a chief [[ nazi ]] sattelite in the region . it has | aquired | acquired | [[ fascist ]] racial policy , declaring [[ serbs ]] , [[ jews ]] and [[ roma ]] the enemies of the state , in what was to become the begginning |
| 162279606 | 1 | > . = = = = resistance movements = = = = {{ main | yugoslav people ' s liberation war }} yugoslavs opposing the [[ nazism | nazis ]] organized | a | resistance movement . those inclined towards supporting the old kingdom of yugoslavia joined the [[ yugoslav army in the fatherland ]] , also known as the chetniks , a multiethnic , | |
| 165059895 | 0 | - war propaganda claimed that between 300 , 000 and 700 , 000 people perished in this [[ genocide | jasenovac concentration camp ]] ( supervised directly by the [[ ustasha | regime | ]] wartime politicians such as [[ ante pavelic ]] ) ; the victims being overwhelmingly of [[ serbs | serbian origin ]] , but also 40 , 000 [[ roma ]] | |
| 166739641 | 0 | nations and , together with other countries , started the [[ non - aligned movement ]] in 1961 , which remained the official affiliation of the country until it dissolved . | = = = the economy = = = {{ main | economy of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} although rigorously socialist in developing its industrial base , yugoslavia allowed a certain amount of capitalist incursions , in the spirit of pluralism . this openness to western investment , however , sowed the seeds of the federation ' s demise {{ fact | date = september 2007 }} . meanwhile , yugoslavia enjoyed stability and peace . throughout the 1960s and 1970s , the growth of yugoslavia ' s [[ gross domestic product ]] averaged 6 . 1 % . there was 91 % literacy and an average life expectancy of 72 years . the state provided housing , health care , education , and child care . citizens lived well on a per capita income of $ 3 , 000 a year ( in 1980 dollars ) , with one month paid vacation , plus a year ' s maternity leave , if needed . respect for workers was a central concern of government and society . | = = = demographics = = = {{ main | demographics of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} the population of yugoslavia according to the 1981 census was 22 . | |
| 171318543 | 1 | nazis ]] organized a resistance movement . those inclined towards supporting the old kingdom of yugoslavia joined the [[ yugoslav army in the fatherland ]] , also known as the chetniks | ( who later openly collaborated with | the german occupation forces ) , a multiethnic , though largely serb , royalist guerilla army led by [[ draža mihajlović | dragoljub " draža " mihailović ]] . those inclined | |
| 183749409 | 1 | yugoslavia ]] . it was invaded on [[ 6 april ]] [[ 1941 ]] by the [[ axis powers ]] and it ' s army capitulated eleven days later . the | legitimate | royal government in exile was recognized and supported by allied forces . in 1943 , the new country called democratic federal yugoslavia was proclaimed . the kingdom was officially abolished in | |
| 184057204 | 0 | yugoslavia ]] . it was invaded on [[ 6 april ]] [[ 1941 ]] by the [[ axis powers ]] and it ' s army capitulated eleven days later . the | legal | royal government in exile was recognized and supported by allied forces . in 1943 , the new country called democratic federal yugoslavia was proclaimed . the kingdom was officially abolished in | |
| 1 | [[ axis powers ]] and it ' s army capitulated eleven days later . the royal government in exile was recognized and supported by allied forces . in 1943 , the | communist led resistance movement proclaimed a | new country called democratic federal yugoslavia was proclaimed . the kingdom was officially abolished in 1945 . the ' ' ' [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' | ||
| 184062418 | 11 | by the [[ fascism | fascist ]] militia known as the [[ ustaše ]] that came into existence in 1929 , but was relatively limited in its activities until 1941 . | a [[ serbia ( 1941 - 1944 ) | serbian state ]] was also established as another puppet state . | german troops occupied [[ bosnia ( region ) | bosnia ]] and [[ herzegovina ]] as well as part of [[ serbia ]] and [[ slovenia ]] , while other parts | |
| 192040971 | 0 | kingdom was officially abolished in 1945 . in [[ 1946 ]] , the country was renamed to federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia . the parliamentary democracy was suspended and | a | communist state was established . in 1963 , the country was renamed again to ' ' ' [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' ( sfry ) . | |
| 192073726 | 10 | 6 april ]] [[ 1941 ]] by the [[ axis powers ]] and its army capitulated eleven days later . the legal royal government in exile was recognized and supported by | [[ allies of world war ii | | allied forces . in 1943 , the communist led resistance movement proclaimed a new country called democratic federal yugoslavia . the kingdom was officially abolished in 1945 . in [[ 1946 | |
| 12 | [[ axis powers ]] and its army capitulated eleven days later . the legal royal government in exile was recognized and supported by allied forces . in 1943 , the communist | - | led resistance movement proclaimed a new country called democratic federal yugoslavia . the kingdom was officially abolished in 1945 . in [[ 1946 ]] , the country was renamed to federal | ||
| 192075557 | 22 | 6 april ]] [[ 1941 ]] by the [[ axis powers ]] and its army capitulated eleven days later . the legal royal government in exile was recognised and supported by | [[ allies of world war ii | | allied forces ]] . in 1943 , the communist - led resistance movement proclaimed a new country called democratic federal yugoslavia . the kingdom was officially abolished in 1945 . in | |
| 24 | eleven days later . the legal royal government in exile was recognised and supported by [[ allies of world war ii | allied forces ]] . in 1943 , the communist | - | led resistance movement proclaimed a new country called democratic federal yugoslavia . the kingdom was officially abolished in 1945 . in [[ 1946 ]] , the country was renamed to federal | ||
| 195260112 | 3 | those inclined towards supporting the old kingdom of yugoslavia joined the [[ yugoslav army in the fatherland ]] , also known as the chetniks , a multiethnic , though largely serb | , | royalist guerilla army led by [[ draža mihajlović | dragoljub " draža " mihailović ]] . those inclined towards supporting the [[ communist party of yugoslavia | communist party ]] ( | |
| 200576067 | 0 | province of serbia is a partially recognized state after it also declared its independence in 2008 but was not a socialist republic of the former yugoslavia it had the status of | a | an | socialist autonomous province within serbia along with [[ vojvodina ]] . the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' ( [[ 1 december ]] , [[ 1918 |
| 200576269 | 0 | province of serbia is a partially recognized state after it also declared its independence in 2008 but was not a socialist republic of the former yugoslavia it had the status of | an | a | socialist autonomous province within serbia along with [[ vojvodina ]] . the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' ( [[ 1 december ]] , [[ 1918 |
| 203556024 | 15 | slavs ]] ' ' ) describes three political entities that existed successively on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the [[ 20th century ]] . the | former | constituent socialist republics of yugoslavia , now independent states , are [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] , [[ montenegro | |
| 204970176 | 0 | 1941 ]] by the [[ axis powers ]] and its army capitulated eleven days later . the legal royal government in exile was recognized and supported by allied forces . in | 1943 | ' ' ' [[ ' ' = = 1942 = = ' ' ]] ' ' ' | , the communist led resistance movement proclaimed a new country called democratic federal yugoslavia . the kingdom was officially abolished in 1945 . in [[ 1956 ]] , the country was |
| 204999541 | 0 | 1941 ]] by the [[ axis powers ]] and its army capitulated eleven days later . the legal royal government in exile was recognized and supported by allied forces . in | ' ' ' [[ ' ' = = 1942 = = ' ' ]] ' ' ' | 1943 | , the communist led resistance movement proclaimed a new country called democratic federal yugoslavia . the kingdom was officially abolished in 1945 . in [[ 1956 ]] , the country was |
| 206808719 | 6 | [[ south slavs ]] ' ' ) describes three political entities that existed successively on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the 20th century . the | first country by this name was the " [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] " , which before 3 october 1929 was known as the " kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes " . it was established on [[ 1 december ]] , [[ 1918 ]] by the union of the [[ state of slovenes , croats and serbs ]] and the [[ kingdom of serbia ]] . it was invaded by the [[ axis powers ]] in 1941 , and due to the events that followed , was officially abolished in 1945 . the second country by this name was " democratic federal yugoslavia " , proclaimed in 1943 by the communist resistance movement in world war ii . it was renamed to the " federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia " in 1956 , when a communist government was established . in 1963 , it was renamed again to the " [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] " ( sfry ) . the | constituent socialist republics of yugoslavia , from north to south , [[ slovenia ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ serbia | |
| 29 | june 5 ]] [[ 2006 ]] , montenegro and serbia respectively declared their independence , thereby ending the last remnants of the loose agreement . on february 18 , 2008 , | [[ republic of | kosovo unilaterally declared independence from serbia , an act not recognized by [[ serbia ]] . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = {{ main | creation of | ||
| 206809460 | 7 | 1941 , and due to the events that followed , was officially abolished in 1945 . the second country by this name was " democratic federal yugoslavia " , proclaimed in | [[ | 1943 by the communist resistance movement in world war ii . it was renamed to the " federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia " in 1956 , when a communist | |
| 8 | , and due to the events that followed , was officially abolished in 1945 . the second country by this name was " democratic federal yugoslavia " , proclaimed in 1943 | ]] | by the communist resistance movement in world war ii . it was renamed to the " federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia " in 1956 , when a communist government | ||
| 9 | due to the events that followed , was officially abolished in 1945 . the second country by this name was " democratic federal yugoslavia " , proclaimed in 1943 by the | [[ | communist resistance movement in world war ii . it was renamed to the " federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia " in 1956 , when a communist government was established | ||
| 206813758 | 0 | were : [[ sr slovenia ]] , [[ sr croatia ]] , [[ sr bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ sr montenegro ]] , [[ sr serbia ]] ( including the | [[ autonymy | | autonomous provinces of [[ vojvodina ]] and [[ kosovo ]] ) and [[ sr macedonia ]] . starting in 1991 , the sfry disintegrated in the [[ yugoslav wars ]] which | |
| 206814404 | 0 | : [[ sr slovenia ]] , [[ sr croatia ]] , [[ sr bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ sr montenegro ]] , [[ sr serbia ]] ( including the [[ | autonymy | autonomy | | autonomous ]] provinces of [[ vojvodina ]] and [[ autonomous province of kosovo and metohija ( 1946 - 1974 ) | kosovo and metohija ]] , later simply [[ socialist |
| 215130529 | 0 | was the unification of the south slav lands with the [[ kingdom of serbia ]] ( which was independent although occupied at the time ) . with the defeat of the | pie king | [[ central powers ]] in world war i and the collapse of the austro - hungarian empire , various south slavic territories were quickly botched together to form the kingdom of | |
| 215130545 | 0 | was the unification of the south slav lands with the [[ kingdom of serbia ]] ( which was independent although occupied at the time ) . with the defeat of the | pie king | [[ central powers ]] in world war i and the collapse of the ( pie queen ) austro - hungarian empire , various south slavic apple pie territories were quickly botched | |
| 219529741 | 3 | , and because of the events that followed , was officially abolished in 1945 . the country with this name was " democratic federal yugoslavia " , proclaimed in [[ 1943 | ]] | by the [[ communist ]] resistance movement in [[ world war ii ]] . it was renamed to the " federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia " in [[ 1946 | |
| 230534561 | 0 | 1946 , when a communist government was established . in 1963 , it was renamed again to the " [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] " ( sfry ) . | this was the largest yugoslav state , as [[ istria ]] was added to the new yugoslavia after the end of world war ii . | the constituent socialist republics that made up the country , from north to south , were : [[ sr slovenia ]] , [[ sr croatia ]] , [[ sr bosnia and | |
| 231804913 | 8 | king , led to the [[ tito - šubašić agreement ]] in june 1944 , however tito was seen as a national hero by the citizens , so he gained the | power in post - war | new | independent [[ communism | communist ]] state , starting as a [[ prime minister ]] . = = the second yugoslavia = = {{ main | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia |
| 231807278 | 20 | high , the chetniks terminated war activities against the germans , and the allies eventually switched to support the nov . however , nov carried on its guerrilla warfare . the | victories against the occupying forces we the battles of | [[ demography | demographic ]] loss is estimated at 1 , 027 , 000 individuals by [[ vladimir zerjavic ]] and [[ bogoljub kočović ]] , an estimate accepted by the | |
| 231810308 | 29 | yugoslavian religious demographics ]] = = = the government = = = on [[ 7 april ]] [[ 1963 ]] the nation changed its official name to [[ socialist | |||
| 241098556 | 1 | socialist autonomous province of vojvodina ]] , with the capital in [[ novi sad ]] # [[ socialist republic of slovenia ]] , with the capital in [[ ljubljana ]] . | # [[ socialist republic of kosovo ]] | [[ socialist autonomous province of vojvodina ]] , with the capital in [[ novi sad ]] # [[ socialist republic of slovenia ]] , with the capital in [[ ljubljana ]] | |
| 241485481 | 6 | socialist republic of serbia ]] , with the capital in [[ belgrade ]] , which also contained : < br / > 5a . [[ socialist autonomous province of kosovo ]] | < br / > 5b . | [[ socialist autonomous province of vojvodina ]] , with the capital in [[ novi sad ]] # [[ socialist republic of slovenia ]] , with the capital in [[ ljubljana ]] | |
| 243549424 | 2 | of rome , 1924 ]] * assassination of [[ stjepan radić ]] = = = king alexander ' s period = = = king [[ alexander iv of fugoslavia | alexander | iv | i | ]] banned national political parties in 1529 , assumed executive power and renamed the country fugoslavia . he hoped to curb separatist tendencies and mitigate nationalist assions . however , alexander |
| 246981845 | 2 | world bank group | world bank ]] " [[ shock therapy ( economics ) | shock therapy ]] " package , which was then introduced in 1990 just at the time | when | the crucial parliamentary elections were being held in the various republics . one aspect of yugoslavia ' s " [[ shock therapy ( economics ) | shock therapy ]] " programme | |
| 247526296 | 20 | ii in yugoslavia = = = [[ adolf hitler | hitler ]] then decided to attack yugoslavia on april 6 , 1941 , followed immediately by an invasion of [[ greece | ]] | where [[ benito mussolini | mussolini ]] had previously been repelled . ( as a result , the launch of [[ operation barbarossa ]] was delayed by four weeks , which | |
| 247526939 | 0 | = = = invasion of yugoslavia = = = {{ main | invasion of yugoslavia }} at 5 : 12 a . m . on april 6 , 1941 , [[ | nazism | | nazi italians ]] , [[ italian fascism | italian ]] and hungarian forces attacked yugoslavia . the german air force ( ' ' [[ luftwaffe ]] ' ' ) bombed [[ | |
| 247935764 | 41 | [[ image : jugo - slavia , 1919 . png | thumb | 200px | right | map of yugoslavia in 1919 showing the provisional borders in the [[ aftermath of | world war i ]] before | the treaties of [[ treaty of neuilly - sur - seine | neuilly ]] , [[ treaty of trianon | trianon ]] and [[ treaty of rapallo , 1920 | rapallo | |
| 45 | power , arrested the vienna delegation , exiled paul , and ended the regency , giving 17 year old [[ peter ii of yugoslavia | king peter ]] full powers . | = = = the beginning of world war ii in yugoslavia = = = | [[ adolf hitler | hitler ]] then decided to attack yugoslavia on april 6 , 1941 , followed immediately by an invasion of greece where [[ benito mussolini | mussolini ]] | ||
| 46 | stjepan " stevo " filipović ]] shouting " death to fascism , freedom to the people ! " ( the partisan slogan ) seconds before plunging to his death . ]] | [[ image : dfy coat of arms . gif | 200px | thumb | right | the coat of arms of the [[ democratic federal yugoslavia ]] . ]] {{ seealso | participants in world war ii # yugoslavia }} | = = = invasion of yugoslavia = = = {{ main | invasion of yugoslavia }} at 5 : 12 a . m . on april 6 , 1941 , [[ | ||
| 251644574 | 2 | , # [[ socialist republic of serbia ]] , with the capital in [[ belgrade ]] , # [[ socialist autonomous province of kosova , with the capital in [[ prishtina | ]] # [[ socialist autonomous province of vojvodina , with the capital in [[ novi sad | ]] # [[ socialist republic of slovenia ]] , with the capital in [[ ljubljana ]] . in 1974 , the two provinces of vojvodina and kosovo - metohija ( for | |
| 251645066 | 9 | # [[ socialist republic of serbia ]] , with the capital in [[ belgrade ]] , # [[ socialist republic of slovenia ]] , with the capital in [[ ljubljana ]] | , # | * * | [[ socialist autonomous province of vojvodina ]] , with the capital in [[ novi sad ]] . in 1974 , the two provinces of vojvodina and kosovo - metohija ( for |
| 255553113 | 1 | {st@rt} {{ refimprove | date = september 2008 }} {{ main | kingdom of yugoslobia | | socialist | federal abomination of yugoslobia | federal abomination of yugoslobia }} [[ image : locationyugoslavia2 . png | thumb | right | 300px | general location of the political entities known as | |
| 256885073 | 0 | , 1924 ]] * assassination of [[ stjepan radić ]] = = = king alexander ' s period = = = king [[ alexander i of yugoslavia | alexander i ]] | weener | banned national political parties in 1929 , assumed executive power and renamed the country yugoslavia . he hoped to curb separatist tendencies and mitigate nationalist passions . however , alexander ' | |
| 256900928 | 0 | , 1924 ]] * assassination of [[ stjepan radić ]] = = = king alexander ' s period = = = king [[ alexander i of yugoslavia | alexander i ]] | weener | banned national political parties in 1929 , assumed executive power and renamed the country yugoslavia . he hoped to curb separatist tendencies and mitigate nationalist passions . however , alexander ' | |
| 258586361 | 0 | their rights . = = yugoslav wars = = {{ main | yugoslav wars }} the war broke out when the new regimes tried to replace yugoslav civilian and military forces | by the | with | secessionist forces . when in august 1990 croatia attempted to replace police in the serb populated croat krajina by force , the population first looked for refuge in the jna caserns |
| 259633189 | 4 | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} the population of yugoslavia according to the 1981 census was 22 . 4 million . [[ changes in yugoslavian religious demographics ]] = = = | the | government = = = on 7 april 1963 the nation changed its official name to [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] and [[ josip broz tito | tito ]] was | |
| 275273607 | 0 | still disputed . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} yugoslavia was the idea for a single state for all [[ | south slavs | south slavic | pie | ]] [[ intelligentsia ]] and emerged in the late 17th and gained prominence in the 19th century [[ illyrian movement ]] , that culminated in the realization of the ideal with |
| 275273894 | 0 | , still disputed . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} yugoslavia was the idea for a single state for all | [[ pie ]] | [[ intelligentsia ]] and emerged in the late 17th and gained prominence in the 19th century [[ illyrian movement ]] , that culminated in the realization of the ideal with the | |
| 275700448 | 0 | , still disputed . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} yugoslavia was the idea for a single state for all | [[ south slavs | south slavic ]] | [[ intelligentsia ]] and emerged in the late 17th and gained prominence in the 19th century [[ illyrian movement ]] , that culminated in the realization of the ideal with the | |
| 277775145 | 0 | this name was the democratic federal yugoslavia , proclaimed in 1943 by the [[ yugoslav partisans ]] resistance movement in [[ world war ii ]] . it was renamed to the | federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia in 1946 , | fede they had nukes and wanted to kill the america | when a communist government was established . in 1963 , it was renamed again to the [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( sfry ) . this was the largest |
| 277775883 | 0 | this name was the democratic federal yugoslavia , proclaimed in 1943 by the [[ yugoslav partisans ]] resistance movement in [[ world war ii ]] . it was renamed to the | fede they had nukes and wanted to kill the america | federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia in 1946 , | when a communist government was established . in 1963 , it was renamed again to the [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( sfry ) . this was the largest |
| 280271362 | 0 | and the royalist [[ chetniks ]] . with the former receiving allied recognition only at the tehran conference ( 1943 ) , after the degree of chetnik - axis collaboration increased | greatly . the heavily pro - serbian chetniks were lead by [[ draža mihajlović ]] , while the pan - yugoslav oriented partisans were led by [[ josip broz tito ]] . the | greatlypussy fucen rulesthe | partisans initiated a [[ guerrilla warfare | guerrilla ]] campaign which was developed into the largest resistance army in occupied western and central europe . the chetniks were initially supported by |
| 280309997 | 0 | and the royalist [[ chetniks ]] . with the former receiving allied recognition only at the tehran conference ( 1943 ) , after the degree of chetnik - axis collaboration increased | greatlypussy fucen rulesthe | greatly . the heavily pro - serbian chetniks were lead by [[ draža mihajlović ]] , while the pan - yugoslav oriented partisans were led by [[ josip broz tito ]] . the | partisans initiated a [[ guerrilla warfare | guerrilla ]] campaign which was developed into the largest resistance army in occupied western and central europe . the chetniks were initially supported by |
| 284695040 | 10 | this was the largest yugoslav state , as [[ istria ]] and [[ rijeka ]] were added to the new yugoslavia after the end of world war ii . the constituent | ) . the kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist republics that made up the country , were : [[ sr bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ sr croatia ]] , [[ sr macedonia ]] , [[ sr montenegro ]] | |
| 31 | constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution ]] of [[ federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ]] , modeling the [[ soviet union ]] , established six | socialist | people ' s | republics , a socialist autonomous province , and a socialist autonomous district that were part of sr serbia . the federal capital was [[ belgrade ]] . republics and provinces were | |
| 284882683 | 0 | finalized with the [[ bled agreement ]] . the aim of the negotiations was to include bulgaria in yugoslavia or to form a new union of two independent countries . after | the | intervention of stalin this agreement was never realized . yugoslavia solved the national issue or nations and nationalities ( national minorities ) in a way that all nations and nationalities had | |
| 300031638 | 1 | effect of alexander ' s dictatorship was to further alienate the non - serbs from the idea of unity . during his reign the flags of yugoslav nations were banned , | in the internal matters the state was a police one , | communist ideas were banned also . the king was assassinated in [[ marseille ]] during an official visit to france in 1934 by an experienced [[ vlado chernozemski | marksman ]] | |
| 300473210 | 7 | center > [[ file : sr montenegro coa . png | 40px ]] < / center > | - | 5 . [[ socialist republic of serbia ]] : 5a . | {{ smaller | | [[ socialist autonomous province of kosovo ]] }} : 5b . {{ smaller | [[ socialist autonomous province of vojvodina ]] }} | style = " font - size : 90 | |
| 310373520 | 1 | yugoslav state , as [[ istria ]] and [[ rijeka ]] were added to the new yugoslavia after the end of world war ii . the constituent eight socialist republics and | two | socialist autonomous provinces that made up the country , were : [[ sr bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ sr croatia ]] , [[ sr macedonia ]] , [[ sr montenegro | |
| 313663539 | 5 | the two of the union but as the year passed other republics communist parties saw the inevitability of the democratization process and in december as the last member of the federation | - | – | serbia held parliamentary elections which confirmed ( former ) communists rule in this republic . the unresolved issues however remained . in particular , slovenia and croatia elected governments oriented towards |
| 318046156 | 33 | serbia coa . png | 40px ]] < / center > | - | 5a . [[ socialist autonomous province of kosovo ]] | style = " font - size : | 90 % ; " | [[ pristina ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of sr serbia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : sr serbia coa . png | 40px ]] < / center > | - | 5b . | [[ socialist autonomous province of vojvodina ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ novi sad ]] | < center > [[ file : | |
| 319569174 | 3 | republic in territory and population , serbia ' s influence over the regions of kosovo and vojvodina was reduced by the 1974 constitution . because its two autonomous provinces had de | - | facto prerogatives of full - fledged republics , serbia found that its hands were tied , for the republican government was restricted in making and carrying out decisions that would apply | |
| 7 | ' t completely successful . still slovenia began to covertly import arms to replenish its armed forces . croatia also embarked upon the illegal import of arms , ( following the | disaramament | disarmament | of the republics armed forces by the federal jna ) mainly from hungary , and were under constant surveillance which produced a [[ špegelj tapes | video of a secret meeting | |
| 319589909 | 6 | ' t completely successful . still slovenia began to covertly import arms to replenish its armed forces . croatia also embarked upon the illegal import of arms , ( following the | disarmament | disaramament | of the republics armed forces by the federal jna ) mainly from hungary , and were under constant surveillance which produced a [[ špegelj tapes | video of a secret meeting |
| 10 | republic in territory and population , serbia ' s influence over the regions of kosovo and vojvodina was reduced by the 1974 constitution . because its two autonomous provinces had de | - | facto prerogatives of full - fledged republics , serbia found that its hands were tied , for the republican government was restricted in making and carrying out decisions that would apply | ||
| 319701637 | 3 | republic in territory and population , serbia ' s influence over the regions of kosovo and vojvodina was reduced by the 1974 constitution . because its two autonomous provinces had de | - | facto prerogatives of full - fledged republics , serbia found that its hands were tied , for the republican government was restricted in making and carrying out decisions that would apply | |
| 7 | ' t completely successful . still slovenia began to covertly import arms to replenish its armed forces . croatia also embarked upon the illegal import of arms , ( following the | disaramament | disarmament | of the republics armed forces by the federal jna ) mainly from hungary , and were under constant surveillance which produced a [[ špegelj tapes | video of a secret meeting | |
| 319852932 | 6 | ' t completely successful . still slovenia began to covertly import arms to replenish its armed forces . croatia also embarked upon the illegal import of arms , ( following the | disarmament | disaramament | of the republics armed forces by the federal jna ) mainly from hungary , and were under constant surveillance which produced a [[ špegelj tapes | video of a secret meeting |
| 10 | republic in territory and population , serbia ' s influence over the regions of kosovo and vojvodina was reduced by the 1974 constitution . because its two autonomous provinces had de | - | facto prerogatives of full - fledged republics , serbia found that its hands were tied , for the republican government was restricted in making and carrying out decisions that would apply | ||
| 321386246 | 0 | ]] fighter [[ stjepan filipović ]] shouting " death to fascism , freedom to the people ! " ( the partisan slogan ) shortly before his death in 1942 . ]] | = = serbian pro german sentiments = = pro - axis support of the serbian controlled yugoslav government moved prince paul of yugoslavia gradually away from france and toward germany . in 1936 hitler decided to endorse the government of premier milan stojadinovic . in 1937 stojadinovic had visited mussolini and introduced the nazi salute . after taking the title vodja ( fuhrer ) prince paul dismissed stojadinovic and replaced him with dragisa cvetkovic who cherished similar pro - axis foreign policy but with fewer fascist attributes . prince paul considered germany as the only power able to uphold the artificial state of yugoslavia and he undertook secret talks with top nazi officials in december 1939 . yugoslavia became part of the axis on march 24 , 1941 . the only member of the government who refused to sign the " pact of steel " joining the axis was the croatian minister , vladko macek of the croatian peasant party . after the signing cvetkovic assured hitler that yugoslavia " . . . would be ready to cooperate with germany in every way . " in fact , paul had been cooperating since 1939 with mass arrests of jews , strict racial laws , and the prohibition of trade unions . in 1940 , laws had been passed classifying the types of businesses which jews could own , direct , or work in and severely limiting educational access for jews . a secret protocol was attached to the axis pact which promised yugoslavia access to the aegean sea at the expense of greece in the new order . - - [ 2 ] - - [[ user : vatroslav1937 | vatroslav1937 ]] ( [[ user talk : vatroslav1937 | talk ]] ) 14 : 33 , 22 october 2009 ( utc ) | = = = invasion of yugoslavia = = = {{ main | invasion of yugoslavia }} at 5 : 12 a . m . on april 6 , 1941 , [[ | |
| 321387337 | 0 | ]] fighter [[ stjepan filipović ]] shouting " death to fascism , freedom to the people ! " ( the partisan slogan ) shortly before his death in 1942 . ]] | = = = serbian pro german sentiments = = = pro - axis support of the serbian controlled yugoslav government moved prince paul of yugoslavia gradually away from france and toward germany . in 1936 hitler decided to endorse the government of premier milan stojadinovic . in 1937 stojadinovic had visited mussolini and introduced the nazi salute . after taking the title vodja ( fuhrer ) prince paul dismissed stojadinovic and replaced him with dragisa cvetkovic who cherished similar pro - axis foreign policy but with fewer fascist attributes . prince paul considered germany as the only power able to uphold the artificial state of yugoslavia and he undertook secret talks with top nazi officials in december 1939 . yugoslavia became part of the axis on march 24 , 1941 . the only member of the government who refused to sign the " pact of steel " joining the axis was the croatian minister , vladko macek of the croatian peasant party . after the signing cvetkovic assured hitler that yugoslavia " . . . would be ready to cooperate with germany in every way . " in fact , paul had been cooperating since 1939 with mass arrests of jews , strict racial laws , and the prohibition of trade unions . in 1940 , laws had been passed classifying the types of businesses which jews could own , direct , or work in and severely limiting educational access for jews . a secret protocol was attached to the axis pact which promised yugoslavia access to the aegean sea at the expense of greece in the new order . - - [ 2 ] - - [[ user : vatroslav1937 | vatroslav1937 ]] ( [[ user talk : vatroslav1937 | talk ]] ) 14 : 33 , 22 october 2009 ( utc ) | = = = invasion of yugoslavia = = = {{ main | invasion of yugoslavia }} at 5 : 12 a . m . on april 6 , 1941 , [[ | |
| 325697061 | 2 | last country to bear the name yugoslavia was the [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( fry ) established on march 27 , 1992 . it was a [[ federation ]] | on the territory | of the two republics of [[ montenegro ]] and [[ serbia ]] ( after the latter ' s forced annexation of the autonomous provinces of [[ vojvodina ]] and [[ autonomous | |
| 335738171 | 0 | heavily pro - serbian chetniks were led by [[ draža mihajlović ]] , while the pan - yugoslav oriented partisans were led by [[ josip broz tito ]] . the partisans | ( dickheads - from louis zell in weha ) | initiated a [[ guerrilla warfare | guerrilla ]] campaign which was developed into the largest resistance army in occupied western and central europe . the chetniks were initially supported by the | |
| 335738313 | 0 | heavily pro - serbian chetniks were led by [[ draža mihajlović ]] , while the pan - yugoslav oriented partisans were led by [[ josip broz tito ]] . the partisans | ( dickheads - from louis zell in weha ) | initiated a [[ guerrilla warfare | guerrilla ]] campaign which was developed into the largest resistance army in occupied western and central europe . the chetniks were initially supported by the | |
| 337642740 | 15 | ]] . however , the kingdom was better known , colloquially as well as even on maps , as yugoslavia ( or jugo - slavia in the rest of europe ) | ; in 1929 it was formally renamed the " kingdom of yugoslavia " . = = kingdom of yugoslavia = = < gallery align = right perrow = 6 > file : flag of the kingdom of yugoslavia . svg | < center > [[ flag of the kingdom of yugoslavia | flag ]] < / center > file : coat of arms of the kingdom of yugoslavia . svg | < center > [[ coat of arms of the kingdom of yugoslavia | coat of arms ]] < / center > < / gallery > [[ file : banovine kj . jpg | thumb | 250px | right | the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] and its [[ kingdom of yugoslavia # internal divisions | banovinas ]] in 1929 ]] {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia }} = = = 1918 – 1928 = = = yugoslavia was formed after [[ world war i ]] as what was commonly called at the time a " [[ versailles ]] state " . = = = king alexander ' s period = = = king [[ alexander i of yugoslavia | alexander i ]] banned national political parties in 1929 , assumed executive power and renamed the country yugoslavia . he hoped to curb separatist tendencies and mitigate nationalist passions . however , alexander ' s policies later encountered opposition from other european powers stemming from developments in italy and germany , where [[ fascism | fascists ]] and [[ nazism | nazis ]] rose to power , and the [[ soviet union ]] , where [[ joseph stalin | stalin ]] became absolute ruler . none of these three regimes favored the policy pursued by alexander i . in fact , italy and germany wanted to revise the international treaties signed after world war i , and the soviets were determined to regain their positions in europe and pursue a more active international policy . alexander attempted to create a centralized yugoslavia . he decided to abolish yugoslavia ' s historic regions , and new internal boundaries were drawn for provinces or banovinas . the banovinas were named after rivers . many politicians were jailed or kept under police surveillance . the effect of alexander ' s dictatorship was to further alienate the non - serbs from the idea of unity . < ref > {{ cite book | url = http : / / books . google . com / books ? id = xcp7oxqe0fmc & pg = pa624 | title = the balkans since 1453 | page = 624 }} < / ref > during his reign the flags of yugoslav nations were banned , communist ideas were banned also . the king was assassinated in [[ marseille ]] during an official visit to france in 1934 by an experienced [[ vlado chernozemski | marksman ]] from [[ ivan mihailov | ivan mihailov ' s ]] [[ internal macedonian revolutionary organization ]] in the cooperation of the [[ ustaše ]] , a croatian fascist revolutionary organization . alexander was succeeded by his eleven year old son [[ peter ii of yugoslavia | peter ii ]] and a regency council headed by his cousin [[ prince paul of yugoslavia | prince paul ]] . = = = the 1930s in yugoslavia = = = the international political scene in the late 1930s was marked by growing intolerance between the principal figures , by the aggressive attitude of the [[ totalitarianism | totalitarian ]] regimes and by the certainty that the order set up after world war i was losing its strongholds and its sponsors were losing their strength . supported and pressured by [[ italian fascism | fascist italy ]] and [[ nazi germany ]] , croatian leader [[ vladko maček ]] and his party managed the creation of the [[ banovina of croatia ]] ( autonomous region with significant internal self - government ) in 1939 . the agreement specified that croatia was to remain part of yugoslavia , but it was hurriedly building an independent political identity in international relations . the entire kingdom was to be federalized but [[ world war ii ]] stopped the fulfillment of those plans . prince paul submitted to the fascist pressure and signed the [[ tripartite treaty ]] in [[ vienna ]] on march 25 , 1941 , hoping to still keep yugoslavia out of the war . but this was at the expense of popular support for paul ' s regency . senior military officers were also opposed to the treaty and launched a [[ coup d ' état ]] when the king returned on march 27 . army general [[ dušan simović ]] seized power , arrested the vienna delegation , exiled paul , and ended the regency , giving 17 year old [[ peter ii of yugoslavia | king peter ]] full powers . [[ adolf hitler | hitler ]] then decided to attack yugoslavia on april 6 , 1941 , followed immediately by an invasion of greece where [[ benito mussolini | mussolini ]] had previously been repelled . < ref > http : / / www1 . yadvashem . org . il / about _ holocaust / month _ in _ holocaust / april / april _ chronology / chronology _ 1941 _ april _ 06 . html < / ref > = = yugoslavia during world war ii = = [[ file : stjepan filipovic . jpg | thumb | right | 200px | [[ yugoslav partisans | partisan ]] fighter [[ stjepan filipović ]] shouting " death to fascism , freedom to the people ! " ( the partisan slogan ) shortly before his death in 1942 . ]] = = = invasion of yugoslavia = = = {{ main | invasion of yugoslavia }} at 5 : 12 a . m . on april 6 , 1941 , [[ nazi germany | german ]] , [[ italian fascism | italian ]] and hungarian forces attacked yugoslavia . the german air force ( ' ' [[ luftwaffe ]] ' ' ) bombed [[ belgrade ]] and other major yugoslav cities . on april 17 , representatives of yugoslavia ' s various regions signed an armistice with germany in belgrade , ending eleven days of resistance against the invading german army ( ' ' [[ wehrmacht heer ]] ' ' ) . more than three hundred thousand yugoslav officers and soldiers were taken prisoner . the axis powers occupied yugoslavia and split it up . the [[ independent state of croatia ]] was established as a [[ nazi ]] satellite state , ruled by the [[ fascism | fascist ]] militia known as the [[ ustaše ]] that came into existence in 1929 , but was relatively limited in its activities until 1941 . german troops occupied [[ bosnia ( region ) | bosnia ]] and [[ herzegovina ]] as well as part of [[ serbia ]] and [[ slovenia ]] , while other parts of the country were occupied by [[ bulgaria ]] , hungary , and italy . from 1941 - 45 , the croatian [[ ustaše ]] regime murdered around 500 , 000 people , 250 , 000 were expelled , and another 200 , 000 were forced to convert to catholicism , the victims were predominantly [[ serbs ]] , but include 37 , 000 [[ jews ]] . < ref > {{ cite web | url = http : / / www1 . yadvashem . org / odot _ pdf / microsoft % 20word % 20 - % 205930 . pdf | title = croatia | publisher = shoah resource center - [[ yad vashem ]] | accessdate = 4 january 2010 }} < / ref > ' ' see : [[ jasenovac concentration camp ]] ' ' = = = yugoslav people ' s liberation war = = = {{ main | yugoslav front ( world war ii ) }} from the start , the yugoslav resistance forces consisted of two factions : the communist - led [[ yugoslav partisans ]] , and the royalist [[ chetniks ]] . with the former receiving allied recognition only to the tehran conference ( 1943 ) . the heavily pro - serbian chetniks were led by [[ draža mihajlović ]] , while the pan - yugoslav oriented partisans were led by [[ josip broz tito ]] . the partisans initiated a [[ guerrilla warfare | guerrilla ]] campaign which was developed into the largest resistance army in occupied western and central europe . the chetniks were initially supported by the exiled royal government as well as the [[ allies ]] , but soon focused increasingly on combating the partisans , rather than the occupying axis forces . by the end of the war , the chetnik movement transformed into a collaborationist serb nationalist militia , completely dependent on axis supplies . < ref > 7david martin , ally betrayed : the uncensored story of tito and mihailovich , ( new york : prentice hall , 1946 ) , 34 . < / ref > the highly mobile partisans , however , carried on their guerrilla warfare with great success . most notable of the victories against the occupying forces were the battles of [[ battle of neretva | neretva ]] and [[ battle of sutjeska | sutjeska ]] . on november 25 , 1942 , the [[ avnoj | anti - fascist council of national liberation of yugoslavia ]] ( ' ' antifašističko vijeće narodnog oslobođenja jugoslavije ' ' ) was convened in [[ bihać ]] , [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] . the council reconvened on november 29 , 1943 , in [[ jajce ]] , also in [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] and established the basis for post - war organization of the country , establishing a federation ( this date was celebrated as republic day after the war ) . the [[ yugoslav partisans ]] were able to expel the axis from serbia in 1944 and the rest of yugoslavia in 1945 . the [[ red army ]] provided limited assistance with the liberation of [[ belgrade ]] and withdrew after the war was over . in may 1945 , the partisans met with allied forces outside former yugoslav borders , after taking over also [[ trieste ]] and parts of austrian southern provinces [[ styria ]] and [[ carinthia ( state ) | carinthia ]] . however , the partisans withdrew from trieste in june of the same year . western attempts to reunite the partisans , who denied supremacy of the old government of the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , and the emigration loyal to the king , led to the [[ tito - šubašić agreement ]] in june 1944 , however marshal [[ josip broz tito ]] was seen as a national hero by the citizens , and was elected by referendum to lead the new independent [[ communism | communist ]] state , starting as a [[ prime minister ]] . the official yugoslav post - war estimate of [[ world war ii casualties | victims ]] in yugoslavia during [[ world war ii ]] is 1 , 704 , 000 . subsequent data gathering in the 1980s by historians [[ vladimir žerjavić ]] and [[ bogoljub kočović ]] showed that the actual number of dead was about 1 million . = = sfr yugoslavia = = < gallery align = right perrow = 6 > file : flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | < center > [[ flag of socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | flag ]] < / center > file : coat of arms of sfr yugoslavia . svg | < center > [[ coat of arms of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | coat of arms ]] < / center > < / gallery > [[ file : sfryugoslavianumbered . png | thumb | 250px | right | numbered map of yugoslav republics and autonomous provinces . ]] [[ file : marsal tito . jpg | thumb | 200px | right | marshal [[ josip broz tito ]] . ]] [[ file : proslavatito . jpg | thumb | right | 200px | the 1968 [[ league of communists of yugoslavia ]] congress . ]] {{ main | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} on november 29 , 1945 , while still in exile , [[ king of yugoslavia | king ]] [[ peter ii of yugoslavia | peter ii ]] was deposed by yugoslavia ' s [[ constituent assembly ]] . however , he refused to abdicate . on january 31 , 1946 , the new [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution ]] of [[ federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ]] , modeling the [[ soviet union ]] , established six people ' s republics , an autonomous province , and an autonomous district that were part of sr serbia . the federal capital was [[ belgrade ]] . republics and provinces were ( in alphabetical order ) : { | class = " wikitable " ! < center > ' ' ' [[ list of countries | name ]] ' ' ' < / center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' [[ capital city | capital ]] ' ' ' < / center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' [[ flag ]] ' ' ' < / center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' [[ coat of arms ]] ' ' ' < / center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' location ' ' ' < / center > | - | [[ socialist republic of bosnia and herzegovina ]] | style = " width : 7em ; font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ sarajevo ]] | style = " width : 6em ; " | < center > [[ file : flag of sr bosnia and herzegovina . svg | 70px ]] < / center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : sr bosnia and herzegovina coa . png | 40px ]] < / center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : sfry bosnia and herzegovina . png | 60px ]] < / center > | - | [[ socialist republic of croatia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ zagreb ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of sr croatia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coa of sr croatia . png | 40px ]] < center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : sfry croatia . png | 60px ]] < / center > | - | [[ socialist republic of macedonia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ skopje ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of the sr macedonia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of the republic of macedonia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : sfry macedonia . png | 60px ]] < / center > | - | [[ socialist republic of montenegro ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ titograd ]] < nowiki > * < / nowiki > | < center > [[ file : flag of sr montenegro . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : sr montenegro coa . png | 40px ]] < / center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : sfry montenegro . png | 60px ]] < / center > | - | [[ socialist republic of serbia ]] : {{ smaller | [[ socialist autonomous province of kosovo ]] }} : {{ smaller | [[ socialist autonomous province of vojvodina ]] }} | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ belgrade ]] : [[ priština ]] : [[ novi sad ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of sr serbia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : sr serbia coa . png | 40px ]] < / center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : sfry serbia . png | 60px ]] < / center > | - | [[ socialist republic of slovenia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ ljubljana ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of sr slovenia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : sr slovenia coa . png | 40px ]] < / center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : sfry slovenia . png | 60px ]] < / center > | - | } {{ smaller | < nowiki > * < / nowiki > now [[ podgorica ]] . }} in 1947 , negotiations between yugoslavia and bulgaria were led and finalized with the [[ bled agreement ]] . the aim of the negotiations was to include bulgaria in yugoslavia or to form a new union of two independent countries . after the intervention of stalin this agreement was never realized . yugoslavia solved the national issue or nations and nationalities ( national minorities ) in a way that all nations and nationalities had the same rights . the flags of the republics used versions of the red flag and / or slavic tricolor , with a [[ red star ]] in the centre or in the canton . in 1974 , the two provinces of vojvodina and kosovo - metohija ( for the latter had by then been upgraded to the status of a province ) , as well as the republics of bosnia and herzegovina , and montenegro , were granted greater autonomy to the point that albanian and hungarian became nationally recognised minority languages and the serbo - croat of bosnia and montenegro altered to a form based on the speech of the local people and not on the standards of zagreb and belgrade . in slovenia the recognized minorities were hungarians and italians . [[ vojvodina ]] and [[ kosovo - metohija ]] formed a part of the republic of [[ serbia ]] but those provinces also formed part of the federation , which led to the unique situation that [[ central serbia ]] did not have its own assembly but a joint assembly with its provinces represented in it . the country distanced itself from the soviets in 1948 ( cf . [[ cominform ]] and [[ informbiro ]] ) and started to build its own way to [[ socialism ]] under the strong political leadership of [[ josip broz tito ]] . the country criticized both [[ eastern bloc ]] and [[ nato ]] nations and , together with other countries , started the [[ non - aligned movement ]] in 1961 , which remained the official affiliation of the country until it dissolved . = = = demographics = = = {{ main | demographics of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} {{ see also | changes in yugoslavian religious demographics }} yugoslavia had always been a home to a very diverse population , not only in terms of national affiliation , but also religious affiliation . of the many religions , [[ islam ]] , [[ catholicism ]] , [[ judaism ]] and [[ protestantism ]] as well as various [[ eastern christianity | orthodox ]] faiths composed the religions of yugoslavia , comprising over 40 in all . the religious demographics of yugoslavia have changed dramatically since world war ii . a census taken in 1921 and later in 1948 show that 99 % of the population appeared to be deeply involved with their religion and practices . with postwar government programs of [[ modernization ]] and [[ urbanization ]] , the percentage of religious believers took a dramatic plunge . connections between religious belief and nationality posed a serious threat to the post - war communist government ' s policies on national unity and state structure . after the rise of [[ communism ]] , a survey taken in 1964 showed that just over 70 % of the total population of yugoslavia considered themselves to be religious believers . the places of highest religious concentration were that of [[ kosovo ]] with 91 % and [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] with 83 . 8 % . the places of lowest religious concentration were [[ slovenia ]] 65 . 4 % , [[ serbia ]] with 63 . 7 % and [[ croatia ]] with 63 . 6 % . religious differences between [[ orthodox christian ]] [[ serbs ]] , [[ catholic ]] [[ croats ]] , and [[ muslim ]] [[ bosniaks ]] and the rise of nationalism contributed to the collapse of yugoslavia in 1991 . < ref > http : / / atheism . about . com / library / world / kz / bl _ yugoreligiondemography . htm < / ref > = = = government = = = on 7 april 1963 , the nation changed its official name to [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] and [[ josip broz tito | tito ]] was named [[ president for life ]] . in the sfry , each republic and province had its own constitution , supreme court , parliament , president and prime minister . at the top of the yugoslav government were the president ( tito ) , the federal prime minister , and the federal parliament ( a collective presidency was formed after tito ' s death in 1980 ) . also important were the [[ communist party of yugoslavia | communist party ]] general secretaries for each republic and province , and the general secretary of central committee of the communist party . josip broz tito was the most powerful person in the country , followed by republican and provincial premiers and presidents , and communist party presidents . slobodan penezić krcun , tito ' s chief of secret police in serbia , fell victim to a dubious traffic incident after he started to complain about tito ' s politics . the interior minister [[ aleksandar ranković ]] lost all of his titles and rights after a major disagreement with tito regarding state politics . sometimes ministers in government , such as [[ edvard kardelj ]] or [[ stane dolanc ]] , were more important than the prime minister . the suppression of national identities escalated with the so - called [[ croatian spring ]] of 1970 – 1971 , when students in [[ zagreb ]] organized demonstrations for greater civil liberties and greater [[ croatia ]] n autonomy . the regime stifled the public protest and incarcerated the leaders , but many key croatian representatives in the party silently supported this cause , so a new [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution ]] was ratified in 1974 that gave more rights to the individual republics in yugoslavia and provinces in serbia . = = = ethnic tensions and the economic crisis = = = the post - [[ world war ii ]] yugoslavia was in many respects a model {{ citation needed | date = december 2009 }} of how to build a multinational state . the federation was constructed against a double background : an inter - war yugoslavia which had been dominated by the [[ serbs | serbian ]] ruling class ; and a war - time division of the country , as [[ fascist italy ]] and [[ nazi germany ]] split the country apart and endorsed an extreme croatian nationalist faction called the [[ ustaše ]] which committed genocide {{ citation needed | date = december 2009 }} against serbs . a small faction of bosniak nationalists joined the axis forces and attacked serbs while extreme serb nationalists engaged in attacks on bosniaks and croats . the ethnic violence was only ended {{ citation needed | date = december 2009 }} when the multiethnic [[ yugoslav partisans ]] took over the country at the end of the war and banned nationalism from being publicly promoted . overall relative peace was retained under tito ' s rule , though nationalist protests did occur , but these were usually repressed and nationalist leaders were arrested and some were executed by yugoslav officials . however one protest in croatia in the 1970s , called the " [[ croatian spring ]] " was backed by large numbers of croats who claimed that yugoslavia remained a serb hegemony and demanded that serbia ' s powers be reduced . tito whose home republic was croatia was concerned over the stability of the country and responded in a manner to appease both croats and serbs , he ordered the arrest of the croat protestors , while at the same time conceding to some of their demands . in 1974 , serbia ' s influence in the country was significantly reduced as autonomous provinces were created in ethnic albanian - majority populated [[ kosovo ]] and the mixed - populated [[ vojvodina ]] . these autonomous provinces held the same voting power as the republics but unlike the republics , they could not legally separate from yugoslavia . this concession satisfied croatia and slovenia , but in serbia and in the new autonomous province of kosovo , reaction was different . serbs saw the new constitution as conceding to croat and ethnic albanian nationalists . ethnic albanians in kosovo saw the creation of an autonomous province as not being enough , and demanded that kosovo become a constituent republic with the right to separate from yugoslavia . this created tensions within the communist leadership , particularly amongst communist serb officials who resented the 1974 constitution as weakening serbia ' s influence and jeopardizing the unity of the country by allowing the republics the right to separate . an economic crisis erupted in the 1970s which was the product of disastrous errors by yugoslav governments , such as borrowing vast amounts of western capital in order to fund growth through exports . western economies then entered recession , blocked yugoslav exports and created a huge debt problem . the yugoslav government then accepted the [[ international monetary fund | imf ]] loan . in 1989 , according to official sources , 248 firms were declared bankrupt or were liquidated and 89 , 400 workers were laid off . during the first nine months of 1990 directly following the adoption of the imf programme , another 889 enterprises with a combined work - force of 525 , 000 workers suffered the same fate . in other words , in less than two years " the trigger mechanism " ( under the financial operations act ) had led to the lay off of more than 600 , 000 workers out of a total industrial workforce of the order of 2 . 7 million . an additional 20 % of the work force , or half a million people , were not paid wages during the early months of 1990 as enterprises sought to avoid bankruptcy . the largest concentrations of bankrupt firms and lay - offs were in [[ serbia ]] , [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] and [[ kosovo ]] . real earnings were in a free fall and social programmes had collapsed ; creating within the population an atmosphere of social despair and hopelessness . this was a critical turning point in the events to follow . = = = approaching the breakup = = = though the 1974 constitution dampened the institutional and material powers of the federal government , tito ' s authority substituted for this weakness until his death in 1980 . = = = breakup = = = [[ file : breakup of yugoslavia . gif | thumb | right | 250px | breakup of [[ sfr yugoslavia ]] . ]] [[ file : milosevic - 1 . jpg | thumb | 150px | right | serbian president [[ slobodan milošević ]] ' s unequivocal support for the unity of serbs and opposition to the autonomy of kosovo , inflamed ethnic tensions . ]] [[ file : franjotudman . jpg | thumb | 150px | right | croatian president [[ franjo tuđman ]] refused to partition croatia on ethnic lines , which angered serb nationalists who wished to remain in union with serbia . this resulted in the outbreak of violence and war between croats and serbs upon croatia declaring independence , which ended in what many consider to have been an ethnic cleansing of serbs from a part of croatia . {{ pov - statement | date = april 2009 }} ]] [[ file : alijaizetbegovic1 . jpg | thumb | 150px | right | bosnian president [[ alija izetbegović ]] pushed for independence of bosnia , claiming that he would not allow bosnia to become part of a [[ greater serbia ]] which he accused the serbian government of sponsoring . the independence of bosnia was against serbs ' desire for their territory to remain in yugoslavia resulted in the bosnian war . ]] [[ file : former yugoslavia wartime 1 . png | 250px | thumb | right | [[ yugoslav wars ]] , fronts in 1993 . ]] [[ file : former yugoslavia 2008 . png | 250px | thumb | right | state entities on the former territory of yugoslavia , 2008 . ]] {{ main | breakup of yugoslavia }} after tito ' s death on 4 may 1980 , [[ ethnic group | ethnic ]] [[ stress ( biological ) | tensions ]] grew in yugoslavia . the legacy of the [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution of 1974 ]] was used to throw the system of decision - making into a state of paralysis , made all the more hopeless as the conflict of interests had become irreconcilable . the constitutional crisis that inevitably followed resulted in a rise of nationalism in all republics : slovenia and croatia made demands for looser ties within the federation , the albanian majority in kosovo demanded the status of a republic , serbia sought absolute , not only relative dominion over yugoslavia . added to this , the croat quest for independence led to large serb communities within croatia rebelling and trying to secede from the croat republic . in 1986 , the [[ serbian academy of sciences and arts ]] drafted a memorandum addressing some burning issues concerning position of [[ serbs ]] as the most numerous people in yugoslavia . the largest yugoslav republic in territory and population , serbia ' s influence over the regions of kosovo and vojvodina was reduced by the 1974 constitution . because its two autonomous provinces had de facto prerogatives of full - fledged republics , serbia found that its hands were tied , for the republican government was restricted in making and carrying out decisions that would apply to the provinces . since the provinces had a vote in the federal presidency council ( an eight member council composed of representatives from six republics and two autonomous provinces ) , they sometimes even entered into coalition with other republics , thus outvoting serbia . serbia ' s political impotence made it possible for others to exert pressure on the 2 million serbs ( 20 % of total serbian population ) living outside serbia . serbian [[ communist ]] leader [[ slobodan milošević ]] sought to restore pre - 1974 serbian sovereignty . other republics , especially slovenia and croatia , denounced this move as a revival of great serbian [[ hegemony | hegemonism ]] . milošević succeeded in reducing the autonomy of [[ vojvodina ]] and of [[ kosovo | kosovo and metohija ]] , but both entities retained a vote in the yugoslav presidency council . the very instrument that reduced serbian influence before was now used to increase it : in the eight member council , serbia could now count on four votes minimum – serbia proper , then - loyal montenegro , and vojvodina and kosovo . as a result of these events , the [[ albanian people | ethnic albanian ]] miners in [[ kosovo ]] organized strikes , which dovetailed into ethnic conflict between the albanians and the non - albanians in the province . at around 80 % of the [[ demographic history of kosovo # 1968 - 1989 : autonomy | population of kosovo in the 1980s ]] , ethnic - albanians were the majority . the number of [[ slavs ]] in kosovo ( mainly serbs ) was quickly declining for several reasons , among them the ever increasing ethnic tensions and subsequent emigration from the area . by 1999 the slavs formed as little as 10 % of the total population in kosovo . meanwhile [[ slovenia ]] , under the presidency of [[ milan kučan ]] , and [[ croatia ]] supported albanian miners and their struggle for formal recognition . initial strikes turned into widespread demonstrations demanding a kosovan republic . this angered serbia ' s leadership which proceeded to use police force , and later even the [[ yugoslav people ' s army | federal army ]] was sent to the province by the order of the serbia - held majority in the yugoslav presidency council . in january 1990 , the extraordinary 14th congress of the [[ league of communists of yugoslavia ]] was convened . for most of the time , the slovenian and serbian delegations were arguing over the future of the league of communists and yugoslavia . the serbian delegation , led by milošević , insisted on a policy of " ' ' one person , one vote ' ' " , which would empower the plurality population , the [[ serbs ]] . in turn , the slovenes , supported by croats , sought to reform yugoslavia by devolving even more power to republics , but were voted down . as a result , the slovenian , and eventually croatian delegation left the congress , and the all - yugoslav communist party was dissolved . following the fall of [[ communism ]] in the rest of [[ eastern europe ]] , each of the republics held multi - party elections in 1990 . slovenia and croatia held the elections in april since their communist parties chose to cede power peacefully . other yugoslav republics – especially serbia – were more or less dissatisfied with the democratization in two of the republics and proposed different sanctions ( e . g . serbian " customs tax " for slovenian products ) against the two of the union but as the year passed other republics communist parties saw the inevitability of the democratization process and in december as the last member of the federation – serbia held parliamentary elections which confirmed ( former ) communists rule in this republic . the unresolved issues however remained . in particular , slovenia and croatia elected governments oriented towards greater autonomy of the republics ( under [[ milan kučan ]] and [[ franjo tuđman ]] , respectively ) , since it became clear that serbian domination attempts and increasingly different levels of democratic standards were becoming increasingly incompatible . [[ serbia ]] and [[ montenegro ]] elected candidates who favoured yugoslav unity . serbs in croatia wouldn ' t accept a status of a national minority in a sovereign croatia , since they would be demoted from a constituent nation of croatia and this would consequently diminish their rights . = = yugoslav wars = = {{ main | yugoslav wars }} the war broke out when the new regimes tried to replace yugoslav civilian and military forces with secessionist forces . when in august 1990 croatia attempted to replace police in the serb populated croat krajina by force , the population first looked for refuge in the jna caserns , while the army remained passive . the civilians then organised armed resistance . these armed conflicts between the croatian armed forces ( “police ” ) and civilians mark the beginning of the yugoslav war that inflamed the region . similarly , the attempt to replace yugoslav frontier police by the slovenian police provoked regional armed conflicts which finished with a minimal number of victims . a similar attempt in bosnia and herzegovina led to a war that lasted more than 3 years ( see below ) . the results of all these conflicts are almost complete emigration of the serbs from all three regions , massive displacement of the populations in bosnia and herzegovina and establishment of the 3 new independent states . the separation of macedonia was peaceful , although the yugoslav army occupied the peak of the straža mountain on the macedonian soil . serbian uprisings in croatia began in august 1990 by blocking roads leading from the dalmatian coast towards the inland almost a year before croatian leadership made any move towards independence . these uprisings were more or less discretely backed up by the serbian dominated federal army ( jna ) . the serbs proclaimed the emergence of serbian autonomous areas ( known later as [[ republic of serb krajina ]] ) in croatia . federal army tried to disarm the territorial defence forces of slovenia ( republics had their local defence forces similar to [[ croatian home guard | home guard ]] ) in 1990 but wasn ' t completely successful . still slovenia began to covertly import arms to replenish its armed forces . croatia also embarked upon the illegal import of arms , ( following the disaramament of the republics armed forces by the federal jna ) mainly from hungary , and were under constant surveillance which produced a [[ špegelj tapes | video of a secret meeting ]] between the croatian defence minister martin špegelj and the two men , filmed by the yugoslav counter intelligence ( ' ' kos , kontra - obavještajna služba ' ' ) . špegelj announced that they were at war with the army and gave instructions about arms smuggling as well as methods of dealing with the yugoslav army ' s officers stationed in croatian cities . serbia and jna used this discovery of croatian rearmament for propaganda purposes . the film was spiced by distorting sounds and fabricated voice of the croatian minister . also , guns were fired from army bases through croatia . elsewhere , tensions were running high . in the same month , the [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] ( ' ' jugoslovenska narodna armija , jna ' ' ) met with the presidency of yugoslavia in an attempt to get them to declare a [[ state of emergency ]] which would allow for the army to take control of the country . the army was seen as a serbian service by that time so the consequence feared by the other republics was to be total serbian domination of the union . the representatives of [[ serbia ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ kosovo ]] , and [[ vojvodina ]] voted for the decision , while all other republics , croatia ( [[ stjepan mesić | stipe mesić ]] ) , slovenia ( [[ janez drnovšek ]] ) , macedonia ( [[ vasil tupurkovski ]] ) and bosnia and hercegovina ( [[ bogić bogićević ]] ) , voted against . the tie delayed an escalation of conflicts , but not for long . slobodan milošević installed his proponents in vojvodina , kosovo and montenegro during [[ anti - bureaucratic revolution # october 1988 : vojvodina : yogurt revolution | yogurt revolutions ]] . following the first multi - party election results , in the autumn of 1990 , the republics of slovenia and croatia proposed transforming yugoslavia into a loose [[ confederation ]] of six republics . by this proposal republics would have right to self - determination . however [[ slobodan milošević | milošević ]] rejected all such proposals , arguing that like slovenes and croats , the serbs ( having in mind croatian serbs ) should also have a right to self - determination . on march 9 , 1991 , demonstrations were held against slobodan milošević in [[ belgrade ]] , but the police and the military were deployed in the streets to restore order , killing two people . in late march 1991 , the [[ plitvice lakes incident ]] was one of the first sparks of open war in croatia . the [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] ( jna ) , whose superior officers were mainly of serbian ethnicity , maintained an impression of being neutral , but as time went on , they got more and more involved in the state politics . on june 25 , 1991 , slovenia and croatia became the first republics to declare [[ independence ]] from yugoslavia . the federal customs officers in slovenia on the border crossings with italy , austria and hungary mainly just changed uniforms since most of them were local slovenes . the border police were mostly already slovenian before slovenia ' s declaration of independence . the following day ( june 26 ) , the federal executive council specifically ordered the army to take control of the " internationally recognized borders " . see [[ ten - day war ]] . the [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] forces , based in barracks in slovenia and croatia , attempted to carry out the task within the next 48 hours . however , because of the misinformation given to the yugoslav army conscripts that the federation was under attack by foreign forces , and the fact that the majority of them did not wish to engage in a war on the ground where they served their conscription , the slovene territorial defence forces retook most of the posts within several days with only minimal loss of life on both sides . there was a suspected incident of a war crime , as the austrian [[ orf ( broadcaster ) | orf tv station ]] showed [[ ten - day war # holmec incident | footage ]] of three yugoslav army soldiers surrendering to the territorial defense , before gunfire was heard and the troops were seen falling down . however , none were killed in the incident . there were however numerous cases of destruction of civilian property and civilian life by the yugoslav peoples army – houses , a church , civilian airport was bombarded and civilian hangar and airliners inside it , truck drivers on the road ljubljana – zagreb and austrian journalists on ljubljana airport were killed . ceasefire was agreed upon . according to the [[ brioni agreement ]] , recognized by representatives of all republics , the international community pressured slovenia and croatia to place a three - month [[ debt moratorium | moratorium ]] on their independence . during these three months , the yugoslav army completed its pull - out from slovenia , but in croatia , a bloody [[ war in croatia | war ]] broke out in the autumn of 1991 . ethnic [[ serbs ]] , who had created their own state [[ republic of serbian krajina ]] in heavily serb - populated regions resisted the police forces of the republic of croatia who were trying to bring that breakaway region back under croatian jurisdiction . in some strategic places , the yugoslav army acted as a buffer zone , in most others it was protecting or aiding serbs with resources and even manpower in their confrontation with the new croatian army and their police force . in september 1991 , the [[ republic of macedonia ]] also declared independence , becoming the only former republic to gain sovereignty without resistance from the belgrade - based yugoslav authorities . five hundred u . s . soldiers were then deployed under the u . n . banner to monitor macedonia ' s northern borders with the republic of serbia , yugoslavia . macedonia ' s first president , [[ kiro gligorov ]] , maintained good relations with belgrade and the other breakaway republics and there have to date been no problems between macedonian and serbian border police even though small pockets of kosovo and the [[ preševo ]] valley complete the northern reaches of the historical region known as macedonia ( prohor pčinjski part ) , which would otherwise create a border dispute if ever macedonian romantic nationalism should resurface ( ' ' see [[ internal macedonian revolutionary organization | vmro ]] ' ' ) . this was despite the fact that the yugoslav army refused to abandon its military infrastructure on the top of the straža mountain up to the year [[ 2000 ]] . as a result of the conflict , the [[ united nations security council ]] unanimously adopted [[ un security council resolution 721 ]] on november 27 , 1991 , which paved the way to the establishment of [[ peacekeeping ]] operations in yugoslavia . < ref > {{ cite web | url = http : / / www . nato . int / ifor / un / u911127a . htm | title = resolution 721 | date = 1991 - 09 - 25 | work = n . a . t . o . | accessdate = 2006 - 07 - 21 }} < / ref > in [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] in november 1991 , the bosnian serbs held a referendum which resulted in an overwhelming vote in favour of forming serbian republic in borders of bosnia and herzegovina and staying in a common state with [[ serbia ]] and [[ montenegro ]] . on january 9 , 1992 , the self - proclaimed bosnian serb assembly proclaimed a separate " republic of the serb people of bosnia and herzegovina " . the referendum and creation of sars were proclaimed [[ constitutionality | unconstitutional ]] by the government of bosnia and herzegovina , and declared illegal and invalid . however , in february - march 1992 the government held a national referendum on bosnian independence from yugoslavia . that referendum was in turn declared contrary to the bih and federal constitution by the federal constitution court in belgrade and the newly established bosnian serb government . the referendum was largely boycotted by the bosnian serbs . the federal court in belgrade did not decide on the matter of the referendum of the bosnian serbs . the turnout was somewhere between 64 – 67 % and 98 % of the voters voted for independence . it was not clear what the two - thirds majority requirement actually meant and whether it was satisfied . the republic ' s government declared its independence on 5 april , and the serbs immediately declared the independence of republika srpska . the [[ bosnian war | war in bosnia ]] followed shortly thereafter . = = = = the end of the second yugoslavia = = = = various dates are considered as the end of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia : * june 25 , 1991 , when [[ croatia ]] and [[ slovenia ]] declared independence * september 8 , 1991 , following a referendum the [[ republic of macedonia ]] declared independence * october 8 , 1991 , when the july 9 moratorium on slovenian and croatian secession was ended and croatia restated its independence in croatian parliament ( that day is celebrated as independence day in croatia ) * january 15 , 1992 , when slovenia and croatia were internationally recognized by most european countries * april 6 , 1992 , full recognition of [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] ’ s independence by the united states and most european countries * april 28 , 1992 , [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] is formed * november 1995 , [[ dayton agreement ]] is signed by leaders of fr yugoslavia , bosnia and herzegovina and croatia * june 14 , 1996 , the [[ agreement on sub - regional arms control ]] is signed , limiting the military equipment of fr yugoslavia , bosnia and herzegovina and croatia * 1996 – 1999 , clashes between yugoslav army and [[ kosovo liberation army | kla ]] * march 24 - june 10 , 1999 , nato bombing of fr yugoslavia ( serbia and montenegro ) * june 1999 , [[ un ]] and [[ nato ]] administration arrived in [[ kosovo ]] * february 5 , 2003 | , state union of serbia and montenegro constituted * june 5 , 2006 , after referendum in montenegro , montenegro declared their independence and serbia stated it is the successor of | |
| 337769009 | 16 | ]] . however , the kingdom was better known , colloquially as well as even on maps , as yugoslavia ( or jugo - slavia in the rest of europe ) | ; in 1929 it was formally renamed the " kingdom of yugoslavia " . = = kingdom of yugoslavia = = < gallery align = right perrow = 6 > file : flag of the kingdom of yugoslavia . svg | < center > [[ flag of the kingdom of yugoslavia | flag ]] < / center > file : coat of arms of the kingdom of yugoslavia . svg | < center > [[ coat of arms of the kingdom of yugoslavia | coat of arms ]] < / center > < / gallery > [[ file : banovine kj . jpg | thumb | 250px | right | the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] and its [[ kingdom of yugoslavia # internal divisions | banovinas ]] in 1929 ]] {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia }} = = = 1918 – 1928 = = = yugoslavia was formed after [[ world war i ]] as what was commonly called at the time a " [[ versailles ]] state " . = = = king alexander ' s period = = = king [[ alexander i of yugoslavia | alexander i ]] banned national political parties in 1929 , assumed executive power and renamed the country yugoslavia . he hoped to curb separatist tendencies and mitigate nationalist passions . however , alexander ' s policies later encountered opposition from other european powers stemming from developments in italy and germany , where [[ fascism | fascists ]] and [[ nazism | nazis ]] rose to power , and the [[ soviet union ]] , where [[ joseph stalin | stalin ]] became absolute ruler . none of these three regimes favored the policy pursued by alexander i . in fact , italy and germany wanted to revise the international treaties signed after world war i , and the soviets were determined to regain their positions in europe and pursue a more active international policy . alexander attempted to create a centralized yugoslavia . he decided to abolish yugoslavia ' s historic regions , and new internal boundaries were drawn for provinces or banovinas . the banovinas were named after rivers . many politicians were jailed or kept under police surveillance . the effect of alexander ' s dictatorship was to further alienate the non - serbs from the idea of unity . < ref > {{ cite book | url = http : / / books . google . com / books ? id = xcp7oxqe0fmc & pg = pa624 | title = the balkans since 1453 | page = 624 }} < / ref > during his reign the flags of yugoslav nations were banned , communist ideas were banned also . the king was assassinated in [[ marseille ]] during an official visit to france in 1934 by an experienced [[ vlado chernozemski | marksman ]] from [[ ivan mihailov | ivan mihailov ' s ]] [[ internal macedonian revolutionary organization ]] in the cooperation of the [[ ustaše ]] , a croatian fascist revolutionary organization . alexander was succeeded by his eleven year old son [[ peter ii of yugoslavia | peter ii ]] and a regency council headed by his cousin [[ prince paul of yugoslavia | prince paul ]] . = = = the 1930s in yugoslavia = = = the international political scene in the late 1930s was marked by growing intolerance between the principal figures , by the aggressive attitude of the [[ totalitarianism | totalitarian ]] regimes and by the certainty that the order set up after world war i was losing its strongholds and its sponsors were losing their strength . supported and pressured by [[ italian fascism | fascist italy ]] and [[ nazi germany ]] , croatian leader [[ vladko maček ]] and his party managed the creation of the [[ banovina of croatia ]] ( autonomous region with significant internal self - government ) in 1939 . the agreement specified that croatia was to remain part of yugoslavia , but it was hurriedly building an independent political identity in international relations . the entire kingdom was to be federalized but [[ world war ii ]] stopped the fulfillment of those plans . prince paul submitted to the fascist pressure and signed the [[ tripartite treaty ]] in [[ vienna ]] on march 25 , 1941 , hoping to still keep yugoslavia out of the war . but this was at the expense of popular support for paul ' s regency . senior military officers were also opposed to the treaty and launched a [[ coup d ' état ]] when the king returned on march 27 . army general [[ dušan simović ]] seized power , arrested the vienna delegation , exiled paul , and ended the regency , giving 17 year old [[ peter ii of yugoslavia | king peter ]] full powers . [[ adolf hitler | hitler ]] then decided to attack yugoslavia on april 6 , 1941 , followed immediately by an invasion of greece where [[ benito mussolini | mussolini ]] had previously been repelled . < ref > http : / / www1 . yadvashem . org . il / about _ holocaust / month _ in _ holocaust / april / april _ chronology / chronology _ 1941 _ april _ 06 . html < / ref > = = yugoslavia during world war ii = = [[ file : stjepan filipovic . jpg | thumb | right | 200px | [[ yugoslav partisans | partisan ]] fighter [[ stjepan filipović ]] shouting " death to fascism , freedom to the people ! " ( the partisan slogan ) shortly before his death in 1942 . ]] = = = invasion of yugoslavia = = = {{ main | invasion of yugoslavia }} at 5 : 12 a . m . on april 6 , 1941 , [[ nazi germany | german ]] , [[ italian fascism | italian ]] and hungarian forces attacked yugoslavia . the german air force ( ' ' [[ luftwaffe ]] ' ' ) bombed [[ belgrade ]] and other major yugoslav cities . on april 17 , representatives of yugoslavia ' s various regions signed an armistice with germany in belgrade , ending eleven days of resistance against the invading german army ( ' ' [[ wehrmacht heer ]] ' ' ) . more than three hundred thousand yugoslav officers and soldiers were taken prisoner . the axis powers occupied yugoslavia and split it up . the [[ independent state of croatia ]] was established as a [[ nazi ]] satellite state , ruled by the [[ fascism | fascist ]] militia known as the [[ ustaše ]] that came into existence in 1929 , but was relatively limited in its activities until 1941 . german troops occupied [[ bosnia ( region ) | bosnia ]] and [[ herzegovina ]] as well as part of [[ serbia ]] and [[ slovenia ]] , while other parts of the country were occupied by [[ bulgaria ]] , hungary , and italy . from 1941 - 45 , the croatian [[ ustaše ]] regime murdered around 500 , 000 people , 250 , 000 were expelled , and another 200 , 000 were forced to convert to catholicism , the victims were predominantly [[ serbs ]] , but include 37 , 000 [[ jews ]] . < ref > {{ cite web | url = http : / / www1 . yadvashem . org / odot _ pdf / microsoft % 20word % 20 - % 205930 . pdf | title = croatia | publisher = shoah resource center - [[ yad vashem ]] | accessdate = 4 january 2010 }} < / ref > ' ' see : [[ jasenovac concentration camp ]] ' ' = = = yugoslav people ' s liberation war = = = {{ main | yugoslav front ( world war ii ) }} from the start , the yugoslav resistance forces consisted of two factions : the communist - led [[ yugoslav partisans ]] , and the royalist [[ chetniks ]] . with the former receiving allied recognition only to the tehran conference ( 1943 ) . the heavily pro - serbian chetniks were led by [[ draža mihajlović ]] , while the pan - yugoslav oriented partisans were led by [[ josip broz tito ]] . the partisans initiated a [[ guerrilla warfare | guerrilla ]] campaign which was developed into the largest resistance army in occupied western and central europe . the chetniks were initially supported by the exiled royal government as well as the [[ allies ]] , but soon focused increasingly on combating the partisans , rather than the occupying axis forces . by the end of the war , the chetnik movement transformed into a collaborationist serb nationalist militia , completely dependent on axis supplies . < ref > 7david martin , ally betrayed : the uncensored story of tito and mihailovich , ( new york : prentice hall , 1946 ) , 34 . < / ref > the highly mobile partisans , however , carried on their guerrilla warfare with great success . most notable of the victories against the occupying forces were the battles of [[ battle of neretva | neretva ]] and [[ battle of sutjeska | sutjeska ]] . on november 25 , 1942 , the [[ avnoj | anti - fascist council of national liberation of yugoslavia ]] ( ' ' antifašističko vijeće narodnog oslobođenja jugoslavije ' ' ) was convened in [[ bihać ]] , [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] . the council reconvened on november 29 , 1943 , in [[ jajce ]] , also in [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] and established the basis for post - war organization of the country , establishing a federation ( this date was celebrated as republic day after the war ) . the [[ yugoslav partisans ]] were able to expel the axis from serbia in 1944 and the rest of yugoslavia in 1945 . the [[ red army ]] provided limited assistance with the liberation of [[ belgrade ]] and withdrew after the war was over . in may 1945 , the partisans met with allied forces outside former yugoslav borders , after taking over also [[ trieste ]] and parts of austrian southern provinces [[ styria ]] and [[ carinthia ( state ) | carinthia ]] . however , the partisans withdrew from trieste in june of the same year . western attempts to reunite the partisans , who denied supremacy of the old government of the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , and the emigration loyal to the king , led to the [[ tito - šubašić agreement ]] in june 1944 , however marshal [[ josip broz tito ]] was seen as a national hero by the citizens , and was elected by referendum to lead the new independent [[ communism | communist ]] state , starting as a [[ prime minister ]] . the official yugoslav post - war estimate of [[ world war ii casualties | victims ]] in yugoslavia during [[ world war ii ]] is 1 , 704 , 000 . subsequent data gathering in the 1980s by historians [[ vladimir žerjavić ]] and [[ bogoljub kočović ]] showed that the actual number of dead was about 1 million . = = sfr yugoslavia = = < gallery align = right perrow = 6 > file : flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | < center > [[ flag of socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | flag ]] < / center > file : coat of arms of sfr yugoslavia . svg | < center > [[ coat of arms of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | coat of arms ]] < / center > < / gallery > [[ file : sfryugoslavianumbered . png | thumb | 250px | right | numbered map of yugoslav republics and autonomous provinces . ]] [[ file : marsal tito . jpg | thumb | 200px | right | marshal [[ josip broz tito ]] . ]] [[ file : proslavatito . jpg | thumb | right | 200px | the 1968 [[ league of communists of yugoslavia ]] congress . ]] {{ main | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} on november 29 , 1945 , while still in exile , [[ king of yugoslavia | king ]] [[ peter ii of yugoslavia | peter ii ]] was deposed by yugoslavia ' s [[ constituent assembly ]] . however , he refused to abdicate . on january 31 , 1946 , the new [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution ]] of [[ federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ]] , modeling the [[ soviet union ]] , established six people ' s republics , an autonomous province , and an autonomous district that were part of sr serbia . the federal capital was [[ belgrade ]] . republics and provinces were ( in alphabetical order ) : { | class = " wikitable " ! < center > ' ' ' [[ list of countries | name ]] ' ' ' < / center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' [[ capital city | capital ]] ' ' ' < / center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' [[ flag ]] ' ' ' < / center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' [[ coat of arms ]] ' ' ' < / center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' location ' ' ' < / center > | - | [[ socialist republic of bosnia and herzegovina ]] | style = " width : 7em ; font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ sarajevo ]] | style = " width : 6em ; " | < center > [[ file : flag of sr bosnia and herzegovina . svg | 70px ]] < / center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : sr bosnia and herzegovina coa . png | 40px ]] < / center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : sfry bosnia and herzegovina . png | 60px ]] < / center > | - | [[ socialist republic of croatia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ zagreb ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of sr croatia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coa of sr croatia . png | 40px ]] < center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : sfry croatia . png | 60px ]] < / center > | - | [[ socialist republic of macedonia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ skopje ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of the sr macedonia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of the republic of macedonia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : sfry macedonia . png | 60px ]] < / center > | - | [[ socialist republic of montenegro ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ titograd ]] < nowiki > * < / nowiki > | < center > [[ file : flag of sr montenegro . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : sr montenegro coa . png | 40px ]] < / center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : sfry montenegro . png | 60px ]] < / center > | - | [[ socialist republic of serbia ]] : {{ smaller | [[ socialist autonomous province of kosovo ]] }} : {{ smaller | [[ socialist autonomous province of vojvodina ]] }} | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ belgrade ]] : [[ priština ]] : [[ novi sad ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of sr serbia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : sr serbia coa . png | 40px ]] < / center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : sfry serbia . png | 60px ]] < / center > | - | [[ socialist republic of slovenia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ ljubljana ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of sr slovenia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : sr slovenia coa . png | 40px ]] < / center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : sfry slovenia . png | 60px ]] < / center > | - | } {{ smaller | < nowiki > * < / nowiki > now [[ podgorica ]] . }} in 1947 , negotiations between yugoslavia and bulgaria were led and finalized with the [[ bled agreement ]] . the aim of the negotiations was to include bulgaria in yugoslavia or to form a new union of two independent countries . after the intervention of stalin this agreement was never realized . yugoslavia solved the national issue or nations and nationalities ( national minorities ) in a way that all nations and nationalities had the same rights . the flags of the republics used versions of the red flag and / or slavic tricolor , with a [[ red star ]] in the centre or in the canton . in 1974 , the two provinces of vojvodina and kosovo - metohija ( for the latter had by then been upgraded to the status of a province ) , as well as the republics of bosnia and herzegovina , and montenegro , were granted greater autonomy to the point that albanian and hungarian became nationally recognised minority languages and the serbo - croat of bosnia and montenegro altered to a form based on the speech of the local people and not on the standards of zagreb and belgrade . in slovenia the recognized minorities were hungarians and italians . [[ vojvodina ]] and [[ kosovo - metohija ]] formed a part of the republic of [[ serbia ]] but those provinces also formed part of the federation , which led to the unique situation that [[ central serbia ]] did not have its own assembly but a joint assembly with its provinces represented in it . the country distanced itself from the soviets in 1948 ( cf . [[ cominform ]] and [[ informbiro ]] ) and started to build its own way to [[ socialism ]] under the strong political leadership of [[ josip broz tito ]] . the country criticized both [[ eastern bloc ]] and [[ nato ]] nations and , together with other countries , started the [[ non - aligned movement ]] in 1961 , which remained the official affiliation of the country until it dissolved . = = = demographics = = = {{ main | demographics of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} {{ see also | changes in yugoslavian religious demographics }} yugoslavia had always been a home to a very diverse population , not only in terms of national affiliation , but also religious affiliation . of the many religions , [[ islam ]] , [[ catholicism ]] , [[ judaism ]] and [[ protestantism ]] as well as various [[ eastern christianity | orthodox ]] faiths composed the religions of yugoslavia , comprising over 40 in all . the religious demographics of yugoslavia have changed dramatically since world war ii . a census taken in 1921 and later in 1948 show that 99 % of the population appeared to be deeply involved with their religion and practices . with postwar government programs of [[ modernization ]] and [[ urbanization ]] , the percentage of religious believers took a dramatic plunge . connections between religious belief and nationality posed a serious threat to the post - war communist government ' s policies on national unity and state structure . after the rise of [[ communism ]] , a survey taken in 1964 showed that just over 70 % of the total population of yugoslavia considered themselves to be religious believers . the places of highest religious concentration were that of [[ kosovo ]] with 91 % and [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] with 83 . 8 % . the places of lowest religious concentration were [[ slovenia ]] 65 . 4 % , [[ serbia ]] with 63 . 7 % and [[ croatia ]] with 63 . 6 % . religious differences between [[ orthodox christian ]] [[ serbs ]] , [[ catholic ]] [[ croats ]] , and [[ muslim ]] [[ bosniaks ]] and the rise of nationalism contributed to the collapse of yugoslavia in 1991 . < ref > http : / / atheism . about . com / library / world / kz / bl _ yugoreligiondemography . htm < / ref > = = = government = = = on 7 april 1963 , the nation changed its official name to [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] and [[ josip broz tito | tito ]] was named [[ president for life ]] . in the sfry , each republic and province had its own constitution , supreme court , parliament , president and prime minister . at the top of the yugoslav government were the president ( tito ) , the federal prime minister , and the federal parliament ( a collective presidency was formed after tito ' s death in 1980 ) . also important were the [[ communist party of yugoslavia | communist party ]] general secretaries for each republic and province , and the general secretary of central committee of the communist party . josip broz tito was the most powerful person in the country , followed by republican and provincial premiers and presidents , and communist party presidents . slobodan penezić krcun , tito ' s chief of secret police in serbia , fell victim to a dubious traffic incident after he started to complain about tito ' s politics . the interior minister [[ aleksandar ranković ]] lost all of his titles and rights after a major disagreement with tito regarding state politics . sometimes ministers in government , such as [[ edvard kardelj ]] or [[ stane dolanc ]] , were more important than the prime minister . the suppression of national identities escalated with the so - called [[ croatian spring ]] of 1970 – 1971 , when students in [[ zagreb ]] organized demonstrations for greater civil liberties and greater [[ croatia ]] n autonomy . the regime stifled the public protest and incarcerated the leaders , but many key croatian representatives in the party silently supported this cause , so a new [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution ]] was ratified in 1974 that gave more rights to the individual republics in yugoslavia and provinces in serbia . = = = ethnic tensions and the economic crisis = = = the post - [[ world war ii ]] yugoslavia was in many respects a model {{ citation needed | date = december 2009 }} of how to build a multinational state . the federation was constructed against a double background : an inter - war yugoslavia which had been dominated by the [[ serbs | serbian ]] ruling class ; and a war - time division of the country , as [[ fascist italy ]] and [[ nazi germany ]] split the country apart and endorsed an extreme croatian nationalist faction called the [[ ustaše ]] which committed genocide {{ citation needed | date = december 2009 }} against serbs . a small faction of bosniak nationalists joined the axis forces and attacked serbs while extreme serb nationalists engaged in attacks on bosniaks and croats . the ethnic violence was only ended {{ citation needed | date = december 2009 }} when the multiethnic [[ yugoslav partisans ]] took over the country at the end of the war and banned nationalism from being publicly promoted . overall relative peace was retained under tito ' s rule , though nationalist protests did occur , but these were usually repressed and nationalist leaders were arrested and some were executed by yugoslav officials . however one protest in croatia in the 1970s , called the " [[ croatian spring ]] " was backed by large numbers of croats who claimed that yugoslavia remained a serb hegemony and demanded that serbia ' s powers be reduced . tito whose home republic was croatia was concerned over the stability of the country and responded in a manner to appease both croats and serbs , he ordered the arrest of the croat protestors , while at the same time conceding to some of their demands . in 1974 , serbia ' s influence in the country was significantly reduced as autonomous provinces were created in ethnic albanian - majority populated [[ kosovo ]] and the mixed - populated [[ vojvodina ]] . these autonomous provinces held the same voting power as the republics but unlike the republics , they could not legally separate from yugoslavia . this concession satisfied croatia and slovenia , but in serbia and in the new autonomous province of kosovo , reaction was different . serbs saw the new constitution as conceding to croat and ethnic albanian nationalists . ethnic albanians in kosovo saw the creation of an autonomous province as not being enough , and demanded that kosovo become a constituent republic with the right to separate from yugoslavia . this created tensions within the communist leadership , particularly amongst communist serb officials who resented the 1974 constitution as weakening serbia ' s influence and jeopardizing the unity of the country by allowing the republics the right to separate . an economic crisis erupted in the 1970s which was the product of disastrous errors by yugoslav governments , such as borrowing vast amounts of western capital in order to fund growth through exports . western economies then entered recession , blocked yugoslav exports and created a huge debt problem . the yugoslav government then accepted the [[ international monetary fund | imf ]] loan . in 1989 , according to official sources , 248 firms were declared bankrupt or were liquidated and 89 , 400 workers were laid off . during the first nine months of 1990 directly following the adoption of the imf programme , another 889 enterprises with a combined work - force of 525 , 000 workers suffered the same fate . in other words , in less than two years " the trigger mechanism " ( under the financial operations act ) had led to the lay off of more than 600 , 000 workers out of a total industrial workforce of the order of 2 . 7 million . an additional 20 % of the work force , or half a million people , were not paid wages during the early months of 1990 as enterprises sought to avoid bankruptcy . the largest concentrations of bankrupt firms and lay - offs were in [[ serbia ]] , [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] and [[ kosovo ]] . real earnings were in a free fall and social programmes had collapsed ; creating within the population an atmosphere of social despair and hopelessness . this was a critical turning point in the events to follow . = = = approaching the breakup = = = though the 1974 constitution dampened the institutional and material powers of the federal government , tito ' s authority substituted for this weakness until his death in 1980 . = = = breakup = = = [[ file : breakup of yugoslavia . gif | thumb | right | 250px | breakup of [[ sfr yugoslavia ]] . ]] [[ file : milosevic - 1 . jpg | thumb | 150px | right | serbian president [[ slobodan milošević ]] ' s unequivocal support for the unity of serbs and opposition to the autonomy of kosovo , inflamed ethnic tensions . ]] [[ file : franjotudman . jpg | thumb | 150px | right | croatian president [[ franjo tuđman ]] refused to partition croatia on ethnic lines , which angered serb nationalists who wished to remain in union with serbia . this resulted in the outbreak of violence and war between croats and serbs upon croatia declaring independence , which ended in what many consider to have been an ethnic cleansing of serbs from a part of croatia . {{ pov - statement | date = april 2009 }} ]] [[ file : alijaizetbegovic1 . jpg | thumb | 150px | right | bosnian president [[ alija izetbegović ]] pushed for independence of bosnia , claiming that he would not allow bosnia to become part of a [[ greater serbia ]] which he accused the serbian government of sponsoring . the independence of bosnia was against serbs ' desire for their territory to remain in yugoslavia resulted in the bosnian war . ]] [[ file : former yugoslavia wartime 1 . png | 250px | thumb | right | [[ yugoslav wars ]] , fronts in 1993 . ]] [[ file : former yugoslavia 2008 . png | 250px | thumb | right | state entities on the former territory of yugoslavia , 2008 . ]] {{ main | breakup of yugoslavia }} after tito ' s death on 4 may 1980 , [[ ethnic group | ethnic ]] [[ stress ( biological ) | tensions ]] grew in yugoslavia . the legacy of the [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution of 1974 ]] was used to throw the system of decision - making into a state of paralysis , made all the more hopeless as the conflict of interests had become irreconcilable . the constitutional crisis that inevitably followed resulted in a rise of nationalism in all republics : slovenia and croatia made demands for looser ties within the federation , the albanian majority in kosovo demanded the status of a republic , serbia sought absolute , not only relative dominion over yugoslavia . added to this , the croat quest for independence led to large serb communities within croatia rebelling and trying to secede from the croat republic . in 1986 , the [[ serbian academy of sciences and arts ]] drafted a memorandum addressing some burning issues concerning position of [[ serbs ]] as the most numerous people in yugoslavia . the largest yugoslav republic in territory and population , serbia ' s influence over the regions of kosovo and vojvodina was reduced by the 1974 constitution . because its two autonomous provinces had de facto prerogatives of full - fledged republics , serbia found that its hands were tied , for the republican government was restricted in making and carrying out decisions that would apply to the provinces . since the provinces had a vote in the federal presidency council ( an eight member council composed of representatives from six republics and two autonomous provinces ) , they sometimes even entered into coalition with other republics , thus outvoting serbia . serbia ' s political impotence made it possible for others to exert pressure on the 2 million serbs ( 20 % of total serbian population ) living outside serbia . serbian [[ communist ]] leader [[ slobodan milošević ]] sought to restore pre - 1974 serbian sovereignty . other republics , especially slovenia and croatia , denounced this move as a revival of great serbian [[ hegemony | hegemonism ]] . milošević succeeded in reducing the autonomy of [[ vojvodina ]] and of [[ kosovo | kosovo and metohija ]] , but both entities retained a vote in the yugoslav presidency council . the very instrument that reduced serbian influence before was now used to increase it : in the eight member council , serbia could now count on four votes minimum – serbia proper , then - loyal montenegro , and vojvodina and kosovo . as a result of these events , the [[ albanian people | ethnic albanian ]] miners in [[ kosovo ]] organized strikes , which dovetailed into ethnic conflict between the albanians and the non - albanians in the province . at around 80 % of the [[ demographic history of kosovo # 1968 - 1989 : autonomy | population of kosovo in the 1980s ]] , ethnic - albanians were the majority . the number of [[ slavs ]] in kosovo ( mainly serbs ) was quickly declining for several reasons , among them the ever increasing ethnic tensions and subsequent emigration from the area . by 1999 the slavs formed as little as 10 % of the total population in kosovo . meanwhile [[ slovenia ]] , under the presidency of [[ milan kučan ]] , and [[ croatia ]] supported albanian miners and their struggle for formal recognition . initial strikes turned into widespread demonstrations demanding a kosovan republic . this angered serbia ' s leadership which proceeded to use police force , and later even the [[ yugoslav people ' s army | federal army ]] was sent to the province by the order of the serbia - held majority in the yugoslav presidency council . in january 1990 , the extraordinary 14th congress of the [[ league of communists of yugoslavia ]] was convened . for most of the time , the slovenian and serbian delegations were arguing over the future of the league of communists and yugoslavia . the serbian delegation , led by milošević , insisted on a policy of " ' ' one person , one vote ' ' " , which would empower the plurality population , the [[ serbs ]] . in turn , the slovenes , supported by croats , sought to reform yugoslavia by devolving even more power to republics , but were voted down . as a result , the slovenian , and eventually croatian delegation left the congress , and the all - yugoslav communist party was dissolved . following the fall of [[ communism ]] in the rest of [[ eastern europe ]] , each of the republics held multi - party elections in 1990 . slovenia and croatia held the elections in april since their communist parties chose to cede power peacefully . other yugoslav republics – especially serbia – were more or less dissatisfied with the democratization in two of the republics and proposed different sanctions ( e . g . serbian " customs tax " for slovenian products ) against the two of the union but as the year passed other republics communist parties saw the inevitability of the democratization process and in december as the last member of the federation – serbia held parliamentary elections which confirmed ( former ) communists rule in this republic . the unresolved issues however remained . in particular , slovenia and croatia elected governments oriented towards greater autonomy of the republics ( under [[ milan kučan ]] and [[ franjo tuđman ]] , respectively ) , since it became clear that serbian domination attempts and increasingly different levels of democratic standards were becoming increasingly incompatible . [[ serbia ]] and [[ montenegro ]] elected candidates who favoured yugoslav unity . serbs in croatia wouldn ' t accept a status of a national minority in a sovereign croatia , since they would be demoted from a constituent nation of croatia and this would consequently diminish their rights . = = yugoslav wars = = {{ main | yugoslav wars }} the war broke out when the new regimes tried to replace yugoslav civilian and military forces with secessionist forces . when in august 1990 croatia attempted to replace police in the serb populated croat krajina by force , the population first looked for refuge in the jna caserns , while the army remained passive . the civilians then organised armed resistance . these armed conflicts between the croatian armed forces ( “police ” ) and civilians mark the beginning of the yugoslav war that inflamed the region . similarly , the attempt to replace yugoslav frontier police by the slovenian police provoked regional armed conflicts which finished with a minimal number of victims . a similar attempt in bosnia and herzegovina led to a war that lasted more than 3 years ( see below ) . the results of all these conflicts are almost complete emigration of the serbs from all three regions , massive displacement of the populations in bosnia and herzegovina and establishment of the 3 new independent states . the separation of macedonia was peaceful , although the yugoslav army occupied the peak of the straža mountain on the macedonian soil . serbian uprisings in croatia began in august 1990 by blocking roads leading from the dalmatian coast towards the inland almost a year before croatian leadership made any move towards independence . these uprisings were more or less discretely backed up by the serbian dominated federal army ( jna ) . the serbs proclaimed the emergence of serbian autonomous areas ( known later as [[ republic of serb krajina ]] ) in croatia . federal army tried to disarm the territorial defence forces of slovenia ( republics had their local defence forces similar to [[ croatian home guard | home guard ]] ) in 1990 but wasn ' t completely successful . still slovenia began to covertly import arms to replenish its armed forces . croatia also embarked upon the illegal import of arms , ( following the disaramament of the republics armed forces by the federal jna ) mainly from hungary , and were under constant surveillance which produced a [[ špegelj tapes | video of a secret meeting ]] between the croatian defence minister martin špegelj and the two men , filmed by the yugoslav counter intelligence ( ' ' kos , kontra - obavještajna služba ' ' ) . špegelj announced that they were at war with the army and gave instructions about arms smuggling as well as methods of dealing with the yugoslav army ' s officers stationed in croatian cities . serbia and jna used this discovery of croatian rearmament for propaganda purposes . the film was spiced by distorting sounds and fabricated voice of the croatian minister . also , guns were fired from army bases through croatia . elsewhere , tensions were running high . in the same month , the [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] ( ' ' jugoslovenska narodna armija , jna ' ' ) met with the presidency of yugoslavia in an attempt to get them to declare a [[ state of emergency ]] which would allow for the army to take control of the country . the army was seen as a serbian service by that time so the consequence feared by the other republics was to be total serbian domination of the union . the representatives of [[ serbia ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ kosovo ]] , and [[ vojvodina ]] voted for the decision , while all other republics , croatia ( [[ stjepan mesić | stipe mesić ]] ) , slovenia ( [[ janez drnovšek ]] ) , macedonia ( [[ vasil tupurkovski ]] ) and bosnia and hercegovina ( [[ bogić bogićević ]] ) , voted against . the tie delayed an escalation of conflicts , but not for long . slobodan milošević installed his proponents in vojvodina , kosovo and montenegro during [[ anti - bureaucratic revolution # october 1988 : vojvodina : yogurt revolution | yogurt revolutions ]] . following the first multi - party election results , in the autumn of 1990 , the republics of slovenia and croatia proposed transforming yugoslavia into a loose [[ confederation ]] of six republics . by this proposal republics would have right to self - determination . however [[ slobodan milošević | milošević ]] rejected all such proposals , arguing that like slovenes and croats , the serbs ( having in mind croatian serbs ) should also have a right to self - determination . on march 9 , 1991 , demonstrations were held against slobodan milošević in [[ belgrade ]] , but the police and the military were deployed in the streets to restore order , killing two people . in late march 1991 , the [[ plitvice lakes incident ]] was one of the first sparks of open war in croatia . the [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] ( jna ) , whose superior officers were mainly of serbian ethnicity , maintained an impression of being neutral , but as time went on , they got more and more involved in the state politics . on june 25 , 1991 , slovenia and croatia became the first republics to declare [[ independence ]] from yugoslavia . the federal customs officers in slovenia on the border crossings with italy , austria and hungary mainly just changed uniforms since most of them were local slovenes . the border police were mostly already slovenian before slovenia ' s declaration of independence . the following day ( june 26 ) , the federal executive council specifically ordered the army to take control of the " internationally recognized borders " . see [[ ten - day war ]] . the [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] forces , based in barracks in slovenia and croatia , attempted to carry out the task within the next 48 hours . however , because of the misinformation given to the yugoslav army conscripts that the federation was under attack by foreign forces , and the fact that the majority of them did not wish to engage in a war on the ground where they served their conscription , the slovene territorial defence forces retook most of the posts within several days with only minimal loss of life on both sides . there was a suspected incident of a war crime , as the austrian [[ orf ( broadcaster ) | orf tv station ]] showed [[ ten - day war # holmec incident | footage ]] of three yugoslav army soldiers surrendering to the territorial defense , before gunfire was heard and the troops were seen falling down . however , none were killed in the incident . there were however numerous cases of destruction of civilian property and civilian life by the yugoslav peoples army – houses , a church , civilian airport was bombarded and civilian hangar and airliners inside it , truck drivers on the road ljubljana – zagreb and austrian journalists on ljubljana airport were killed . ceasefire was agreed upon . according to the [[ brioni agreement ]] , recognized by representatives of all republics , the international community pressured slovenia and croatia to place a three - month [[ debt moratorium | moratorium ]] on their independence . during these three months , the yugoslav army completed its pull - out from slovenia , but in croatia , a bloody [[ war in croatia | war ]] broke out in the autumn of 1991 . ethnic [[ serbs ]] , who had created their own state [[ republic of serbian krajina ]] in heavily serb - populated regions resisted the police forces of the republic of croatia who were trying to bring that breakaway region back under croatian jurisdiction . in some strategic places , the yugoslav army acted as a buffer zone , in most others it was protecting or aiding serbs with resources and even manpower in their confrontation with the new croatian army and their police force . in september 1991 , the [[ republic of macedonia ]] also declared independence , becoming the only former republic to gain sovereignty without resistance from the belgrade - based yugoslav authorities . five hundred u . s . soldiers were then deployed under the u . n . banner to monitor macedonia ' s northern borders with the republic of serbia , yugoslavia . macedonia ' s first president , [[ kiro gligorov ]] , maintained good relations with belgrade and the other breakaway republics and there have to date been no problems between macedonian and serbian border police even though small pockets of kosovo and the [[ preševo ]] valley complete the northern reaches of the historical region known as macedonia ( prohor pčinjski part ) , which would otherwise create a border dispute if ever macedonian romantic nationalism should resurface ( ' ' see [[ internal macedonian revolutionary organization | vmro ]] ' ' ) . this was despite the fact that the yugoslav army refused to abandon its military infrastructure on the top of the straža mountain up to the year [[ 2000 ]] . as a result of the conflict , the [[ united nations security council ]] unanimously adopted [[ un security council resolution 721 ]] on november 27 , 1991 , which paved the way to the establishment of [[ peacekeeping ]] operations in yugoslavia . < ref > {{ cite web | url = http : / / www . nato . int / ifor / un / u911127a . htm | title = resolution 721 | date = 1991 - 09 - 25 | work = n . a . t . o . | accessdate = 2006 - 07 - 21 }} < / ref > in [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] in november 1991 , the bosnian serbs held a referendum which resulted in an overwhelming vote in favour of forming serbian republic in borders of bosnia and herzegovina and staying in a common state with [[ serbia ]] and [[ montenegro ]] . on january 9 , 1992 , the self - proclaimed bosnian serb assembly proclaimed a separate " republic of the serb people of bosnia and herzegovina " . the referendum and creation of sars were proclaimed [[ constitutionality | unconstitutional ]] by the government of bosnia and herzegovina , and declared illegal and invalid . however , in february - march 1992 the government held a national referendum on bosnian independence from yugoslavia . that referendum was in turn declared contrary to the bih and federal constitution by the federal constitution court in belgrade and the newly established bosnian serb government . the referendum was largely boycotted by the bosnian serbs . the federal court in belgrade did not decide on the matter of the referendum of the bosnian serbs . the turnout was somewhere between 64 – 67 % and 98 % of the voters voted for independence . it was not clear what the two - thirds majority requirement actually meant and whether it was satisfied . the republic ' s government declared its independence on 5 april , and the serbs immediately declared the independence of republika srpska . the [[ bosnian war | war in bosnia ]] followed shortly thereafter . = = = = the end of the second yugoslavia = = = = various dates are considered as the end of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia : * june 25 , 1991 , when [[ croatia ]] and [[ slovenia ]] declared independence * september 8 , 1991 , following a referendum the [[ republic of macedonia ]] declared independence * october 8 , 1991 , when the july 9 moratorium on slovenian and croatian secession was ended and croatia restated its independence in croatian parliament ( that day is celebrated as independence day in croatia ) * january 15 , 1992 , when slovenia and croatia were internationally recognized by most european countries * april 6 , 1992 , full recognition of [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] ’ s independence by the united states and most european countries * april 28 , 1992 , [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] is formed * november 1995 , [[ dayton agreement ]] is signed by leaders of fr yugoslavia , bosnia and herzegovina and croatia * june 14 , 1996 , the [[ agreement on sub - regional arms control ]] is signed , limiting the military equipment of fr yugoslavia , bosnia and herzegovina and croatia * 1996 – 1999 , clashes between yugoslav army and [[ kosovo liberation army | kla ]] * march 24 - june 10 , 1999 , nato bombing of fr yugoslavia ( serbia and montenegro ) * june 1999 , [[ un ]] and [[ nato ]] administration arrived in [[ kosovo ]] * february 5 , 2003 | , state union of serbia and montenegro constituted * june 5 , 2006 , after referendum in montenegro , montenegro declared their independence and serbia stated it is the successor of | |
| 337777732 | 16 | ]] . however , the kingdom was better known , colloquially as well as even on maps , as yugoslavia ( or jugo - slavia in the rest of europe ) | ; in 1929 it was formally renamed the " kingdom of yugoslavia " . = = kingdom of yugoslavia = = < gallery align = right perrow = 6 > file : flag of the kingdom of yugoslavia . svg | < center > [[ flag of the kingdom of yugoslavia | flag ]] < / center > file : coat of arms of the kingdom of yugoslavia . svg | < center > [[ coat of arms of the kingdom of yugoslavia | coat of arms ]] < / center > < / gallery > [[ file : banovine kj . jpg | thumb | 250px | right | the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] and its [[ kingdom of yugoslavia # internal divisions | banovinas ]] in 1929 ]] {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia }} = = = 1918 – 1928 = = = yugoslavia was formed after [[ world war i ]] as what was commonly called at the time a " [[ versailles ]] state " . = = = king alexander ' s period = = = king [[ alexander i of yugoslavia | alexander i ]] banned national political parties in 1929 , assumed executive power and renamed the country yugoslavia . he hoped to curb separatist tendencies and mitigate nationalist passions . however , alexander ' s policies later encountered opposition from other european powers stemming from developments in italy and germany , where [[ fascism | fascists ]] and [[ nazism | nazis ]] rose to power , and the [[ soviet union ]] , where [[ joseph stalin | stalin ]] became absolute ruler . none of these three regimes favored the policy pursued by alexander i . in fact , italy and germany wanted to revise the international treaties signed after world war i , and the soviets were determined to regain their positions in europe and pursue a more active international policy . alexander attempted to create a centralized yugoslavia . he decided to abolish yugoslavia ' s historic regions , and new internal boundaries were drawn for provinces or banovinas . the banovinas were named after rivers . many politicians were jailed or kept under police surveillance . the effect of alexander ' s dictatorship was to further alienate the non - serbs from the idea of unity . < ref > {{ cite book | url = http : / / books . google . com / books ? id = xcp7oxqe0fmc & pg = pa624 | title = the balkans since 1453 | page = 624 }} < / ref > during his reign the flags of yugoslav nations were banned , communist ideas were banned also . the king was assassinated in [[ marseille ]] during an official visit to france in 1934 by an experienced [[ vlado chernozemski | marksman ]] from [[ ivan mihailov | ivan mihailov ' s ]] [[ internal macedonian revolutionary organization ]] in the cooperation of the [[ ustaše ]] , a croatian fascist revolutionary organization . alexander was succeeded by his eleven year old son [[ peter ii of yugoslavia | peter ii ]] and a regency council headed by his cousin [[ prince paul of yugoslavia | prince paul ]] . = = = the 1930s in yugoslavia = = = the international political scene in the late 1930s was marked by growing intolerance between the principal figures , by the aggressive attitude of the [[ totalitarianism | totalitarian ]] regimes and by the certainty that the order set up after world war i was losing its strongholds and its sponsors were losing their strength . supported and pressured by [[ italian fascism | fascist italy ]] and [[ nazi germany ]] , croatian leader [[ vladko maček ]] and his party managed the creation of the [[ banovina of croatia ]] ( autonomous region with significant internal self - government ) in 1939 . the agreement specified that croatia was to remain part of yugoslavia , but it was hurriedly building an independent political identity in international relations . the entire kingdom was to be federalized but [[ world war ii ]] stopped the fulfillment of those plans . prince paul submitted to the fascist pressure and signed the [[ tripartite treaty ]] in [[ vienna ]] on march 25 , 1941 , hoping to still keep yugoslavia out of the war . but this was at the expense of popular support for paul ' s regency . senior military officers were also opposed to the treaty and launched a [[ coup d ' état ]] when the king returned on march 27 . army general [[ dušan simović ]] seized power , arrested the vienna delegation , exiled paul , and ended the regency , giving 17 year old [[ peter ii of yugoslavia | king peter ]] full powers . [[ adolf hitler | hitler ]] then decided to attack yugoslavia on april 6 , 1941 , followed immediately by an invasion of greece where [[ benito mussolini | mussolini ]] had previously been repelled . < ref > http : / / www1 . yadvashem . org . il / about _ holocaust / month _ in _ holocaust / april / april _ chronology / chronology _ 1941 _ april _ 06 . html < / ref > = = yugoslavia during world war ii = = [[ file : stjepan filipovic . jpg | thumb | right | 200px | [[ yugoslav partisans | partisan ]] fighter [[ stjepan filipović ]] shouting " death to fascism , freedom to the people ! " ( the partisan slogan ) shortly before his death in 1942 . ]] = = = invasion of yugoslavia = = = {{ main | invasion of yugoslavia }} at 5 : 12 a . m . on april 6 , 1941 , [[ nazi germany | german ]] , [[ italian fascism | italian ]] and hungarian forces attacked yugoslavia . the german air force ( ' ' [[ luftwaffe ]] ' ' ) bombed [[ belgrade ]] and other major yugoslav cities . on april 17 , representatives of yugoslavia ' s various regions signed an armistice with germany in belgrade , ending eleven days of resistance against the invading german army ( ' ' [[ wehrmacht heer ]] ' ' ) . more than three hundred thousand yugoslav officers and soldiers were taken prisoner . the axis powers occupied yugoslavia and split it up . the [[ independent state of croatia ]] was established as a [[ nazi ]] satellite state , ruled by the [[ fascism | fascist ]] militia known as the [[ ustaše ]] that came into existence in 1929 , but was relatively limited in its activities until 1941 . german troops occupied [[ bosnia ( region ) | bosnia ]] and [[ herzegovina ]] as well as part of [[ serbia ]] and [[ slovenia ]] , while other parts of the country were occupied by [[ bulgaria ]] , hungary , and italy . from 1941 - 45 , the croatian [[ ustaše ]] regime murdered around 500 , 000 people , 250 , 000 were expelled , and another 200 , 000 were forced to convert to catholicism , the victims were predominantly [[ serbs ]] , but include 37 , 000 [[ jews ]] . < ref > {{ cite web | url = http : / / www1 . yadvashem . org / odot _ pdf / microsoft % 20word % 20 - % 205930 . pdf | title = croatia | publisher = shoah resource center - [[ yad vashem ]] | accessdate = 4 january 2010 }} < / ref > ' ' see : [[ jasenovac concentration camp ]] ' ' = = = yugoslav people ' s liberation war = = = {{ main | yugoslav front ( world war ii ) }} from the start , the yugoslav resistance forces consisted of two factions : the communist - led [[ yugoslav partisans ]] , and the royalist [[ chetniks ]] . with the former receiving allied recognition only to the tehran conference ( 1943 ) . the heavily pro - serbian chetniks were led by [[ draža mihajlović ]] , while the pan - yugoslav oriented partisans were led by [[ josip broz tito ]] . the partisans initiated a [[ guerrilla warfare | guerrilla ]] campaign which was developed into the largest resistance army in occupied western and central europe . the chetniks were initially supported by the exiled royal government as well as the [[ allies ]] , but soon focused increasingly on combating the partisans , rather than the occupying axis forces . by the end of the war , the chetnik movement transformed into a collaborationist serb nationalist militia , completely dependent on axis supplies . < ref > 7david martin , ally betrayed : the uncensored story of tito and mihailovich , ( new york : prentice hall , 1946 ) , 34 . < / ref > the highly mobile partisans , however , carried on their guerrilla warfare with great success . most notable of the victories against the occupying forces were the battles of [[ battle of neretva | neretva ]] and [[ battle of sutjeska | sutjeska ]] . on november 25 , 1942 , the [[ avnoj | anti - fascist council of national liberation of yugoslavia ]] ( ' ' antifašističko vijeće narodnog oslobođenja jugoslavije ' ' ) was convened in [[ bihać ]] , [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] . the council reconvened on november 29 , 1943 , in [[ jajce ]] , also in [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] and established the basis for post - war organization of the country , establishing a federation ( this date was celebrated as republic day after the war ) . the [[ yugoslav partisans ]] were able to expel the axis from serbia in 1944 and the rest of yugoslavia in 1945 . the [[ red army ]] provided limited assistance with the liberation of [[ belgrade ]] and withdrew after the war was over . in may 1945 , the partisans met with allied forces outside former yugoslav borders , after taking over also [[ trieste ]] and parts of austrian southern provinces [[ styria ]] and [[ carinthia ( state ) | carinthia ]] . however , the partisans withdrew from trieste in june of the same year . western attempts to reunite the partisans , who denied supremacy of the old government of the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , and the emigration loyal to the king , led to the [[ tito - šubašić agreement ]] in june 1944 , however marshal [[ josip broz tito ]] was seen as a national hero by the citizens , and was elected by referendum to lead the new independent [[ communism | communist ]] state , starting as a [[ prime minister ]] . the official yugoslav post - war estimate of [[ world war ii casualties | victims ]] in yugoslavia during [[ world war ii ]] is 1 , 704 , 000 . subsequent data gathering in the 1980s by historians [[ vladimir žerjavić ]] and [[ bogoljub kočović ]] showed that the actual number of dead was about 1 million . = = sfr yugoslavia = = < gallery align = right perrow = 6 > file : flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | < center > [[ flag of socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | flag ]] < / center > file : coat of arms of sfr yugoslavia . svg | < center > [[ coat of arms of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | coat of arms ]] < / center > < / gallery > [[ file : sfryugoslavianumbered . png | thumb | 250px | right | numbered map of yugoslav republics and autonomous provinces . ]] [[ file : marsal tito . jpg | thumb | 200px | right | marshal [[ josip broz tito ]] . ]] [[ file : proslavatito . jpg | thumb | right | 200px | the 1968 [[ league of communists of yugoslavia ]] congress . ]] {{ main | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} on november 29 , 1945 , while still in exile , [[ king of yugoslavia | king ]] [[ peter ii of yugoslavia | peter ii ]] was deposed by yugoslavia ' s [[ constituent assembly ]] . however , he refused to abdicate . on january 31 , 1946 , the new [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution ]] of [[ federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ]] , modeling the [[ soviet union ]] , established six people ' s republics , an autonomous province , and an autonomous district that were part of sr serbia . the federal capital was [[ belgrade ]] . republics and provinces were ( in alphabetical order ) : { | class = " wikitable " ! < center > ' ' ' [[ list of countries | name ]] ' ' ' < / center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' [[ capital city | capital ]] ' ' ' < / center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' [[ flag ]] ' ' ' < / center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' [[ coat of arms ]] ' ' ' < / center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' location ' ' ' < / center > | - | [[ socialist republic of bosnia and herzegovina ]] | style = " width : 7em ; font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ sarajevo ]] | style = " width : 6em ; " | < center > [[ file : flag of sr bosnia and herzegovina . svg | 70px ]] < / center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : sr bosnia and herzegovina coa . png | 40px ]] < / center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : sfry bosnia and herzegovina . png | 60px ]] < / center > | - | [[ socialist republic of croatia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ zagreb ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of sr croatia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coa of sr croatia . png | 40px ]] < center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : sfry croatia . png | 60px ]] < / center > | - | [[ socialist republic of macedonia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ skopje ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of the sr macedonia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of the republic of macedonia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : sfry macedonia . png | 60px ]] < / center > | - | [[ socialist republic of montenegro ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ titograd ]] < nowiki > * < / nowiki > | < center > [[ file : flag of sr montenegro . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : sr montenegro coa . png | 40px ]] < / center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : sfry montenegro . png | 60px ]] < / center > | - | [[ socialist republic of serbia ]] : {{ smaller | [[ socialist autonomous province of kosovo ]] }} : {{ smaller | [[ socialist autonomous province of vojvodina ]] }} | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ belgrade ]] : [[ priština ]] : [[ novi sad ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of sr serbia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : sr serbia coa . png | 40px ]] < / center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : sfry serbia . png | 60px ]] < / center > | - | [[ socialist republic of slovenia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ ljubljana ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of sr slovenia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : sr slovenia coa . png | 40px ]] < / center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : sfry slovenia . png | 60px ]] < / center > | - | } {{ smaller | < nowiki > * < / nowiki > now [[ podgorica ]] . }} in 1947 , negotiations between yugoslavia and bulgaria were led and finalized with the [[ bled agreement ]] . the aim of the negotiations was to include bulgaria in yugoslavia or to form a new union of two independent countries . after the intervention of stalin this agreement was never realized . yugoslavia solved the national issue or nations and nationalities ( national minorities ) in a way that all nations and nationalities had the same rights . the flags of the republics used versions of the red flag and / or slavic tricolor , with a [[ red star ]] in the centre or in the canton . in 1974 , the two provinces of vojvodina and kosovo - metohija ( for the latter had by then been upgraded to the status of a province ) , as well as the republics of bosnia and herzegovina , and montenegro , were granted greater autonomy to the point that albanian and hungarian became nationally recognised minority languages and the serbo - croat of bosnia and montenegro altered to a form based on the speech of the local people and not on the standards of zagreb and belgrade . in slovenia the recognized minorities were hungarians and italians . [[ vojvodina ]] and [[ kosovo - metohija ]] formed a part of the republic of [[ serbia ]] but those provinces also formed part of the federation , which led to the unique situation that [[ central serbia ]] did not have its own assembly but a joint assembly with its provinces represented in it . the country distanced itself from the soviets in 1948 ( cf . [[ cominform ]] and [[ informbiro ]] ) and started to build its own way to [[ socialism ]] under the strong political leadership of [[ josip broz tito ]] . the country criticized both [[ eastern bloc ]] and [[ nato ]] nations and , together with other countries , started the [[ non - aligned movement ]] in 1961 , which remained the official affiliation of the country until it dissolved . = = = demographics = = = {{ main | demographics of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} {{ see also | changes in yugoslavian religious demographics }} yugoslavia had always been a home to a very diverse population , not only in terms of national affiliation , but also religious affiliation . of the many religions , [[ islam ]] , [[ catholicism ]] , [[ judaism ]] and [[ protestantism ]] as well as various [[ eastern christianity | orthodox ]] faiths composed the religions of yugoslavia , comprising over 40 in all . the religious demographics of yugoslavia have changed dramatically since world war ii . a census taken in 1921 and later in 1948 show that 99 % of the population appeared to be deeply involved with their religion and practices . with postwar government programs of [[ modernization ]] and [[ urbanization ]] , the percentage of religious believers took a dramatic plunge . connections between religious belief and nationality posed a serious threat to the post - war communist government ' s policies on national unity and state structure . after the rise of [[ communism ]] , a survey taken in 1964 showed that just over 70 % of the total population of yugoslavia considered themselves to be religious believers . the places of highest religious concentration were that of [[ kosovo ]] with 91 % and [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] with 83 . 8 % . the places of lowest religious concentration were [[ slovenia ]] 65 . 4 % , [[ serbia ]] with 63 . 7 % and [[ croatia ]] with 63 . 6 % . religious differences between [[ orthodox christian ]] [[ serbs ]] , [[ catholic ]] [[ croats ]] , and [[ muslim ]] [[ bosniaks ]] and the rise of nationalism contributed to the collapse of yugoslavia in 1991 . < ref > http : / / atheism . about . com / library / world / kz / bl _ yugoreligiondemography . htm < / ref > = = = government = = = on 7 april 1963 , the nation changed its official name to [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] and [[ josip broz tito | tito ]] was named [[ president for life ]] . in the sfry , each republic and province had its own constitution , supreme court , parliament , president and prime minister . at the top of the yugoslav government were the president ( tito ) , the federal prime minister , and the federal parliament ( a collective presidency was formed after tito ' s death in 1980 ) . also important were the [[ communist party of yugoslavia | communist party ]] general secretaries for each republic and province , and the general secretary of central committee of the communist party . josip broz tito was the most powerful person in the country , followed by republican and provincial premiers and presidents , and communist party presidents . slobodan penezić krcun , tito ' s chief of secret police in serbia , fell victim to a dubious traffic incident after he started to complain about tito ' s politics . the interior minister [[ aleksandar ranković ]] lost all of his titles and rights after a major disagreement with tito regarding state politics . sometimes ministers in government , such as [[ edvard kardelj ]] or [[ stane dolanc ]] , were more important than the prime minister . the suppression of national identities escalated with the so - called [[ croatian spring ]] of 1970 – 1971 , when students in [[ zagreb ]] organized demonstrations for greater civil liberties and greater [[ croatia ]] n autonomy . the regime stifled the public protest and incarcerated the leaders , but many key croatian representatives in the party silently supported this cause , so a new [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution ]] was ratified in 1974 that gave more rights to the individual republics in yugoslavia and provinces in serbia . = = = ethnic tensions and the economic crisis = = = the post - [[ world war ii ]] yugoslavia was in many respects a model {{ citation needed | date = december 2009 }} of how to build a multinational state . the federation was constructed against a double background : an inter - war yugoslavia which had been dominated by the [[ serbs | serbian ]] ruling class ; and a war - time division of the country , as [[ fascist italy ]] and [[ nazi germany ]] split the country apart and endorsed an extreme croatian nationalist faction called the [[ ustaše ]] which committed genocide {{ citation needed | date = december 2009 }} against serbs . a small faction of bosniak nationalists joined the axis forces and attacked serbs while extreme serb nationalists engaged in attacks on bosniaks and croats . the ethnic violence was only ended {{ citation needed | date = december 2009 }} when the multiethnic [[ yugoslav partisans ]] took over the country at the end of the war and banned nationalism from being publicly promoted . overall relative peace was retained under tito ' s rule , though nationalist protests did occur , but these were usually repressed and nationalist leaders were arrested and some were executed by yugoslav officials . however one protest in croatia in the 1970s , called the " [[ croatian spring ]] " was backed by large numbers of croats who claimed that yugoslavia remained a serb hegemony and demanded that serbia ' s powers be reduced . tito whose home republic was croatia was concerned over the stability of the country and responded in a manner to appease both croats and serbs , he ordered the arrest of the croat protestors , while at the same time conceding to some of their demands . in 1974 , serbia ' s influence in the country was significantly reduced as autonomous provinces were created in ethnic albanian - majority populated [[ kosovo ]] and the mixed - populated [[ vojvodina ]] . these autonomous provinces held the same voting power as the republics but unlike the republics , they could not legally separate from yugoslavia . this concession satisfied croatia and slovenia , but in serbia and in the new autonomous province of kosovo , reaction was different . serbs saw the new constitution as conceding to croat and ethnic albanian nationalists . ethnic albanians in kosovo saw the creation of an autonomous province as not being enough , and demanded that kosovo become a constituent republic with the right to separate from yugoslavia . this created tensions within the communist leadership , particularly amongst communist serb officials who resented the 1974 constitution as weakening serbia ' s influence and jeopardizing the unity of the country by allowing the republics the right to separate . an economic crisis erupted in the 1970s which was the product of disastrous errors by yugoslav governments , such as borrowing vast amounts of western capital in order to fund growth through exports . western economies then entered recession , blocked yugoslav exports and created a huge debt problem . the yugoslav government then accepted the [[ international monetary fund | imf ]] loan . in 1989 , according to official sources , 248 firms were declared bankrupt or were liquidated and 89 , 400 workers were laid off . during the first nine months of 1990 directly following the adoption of the imf programme , another 889 enterprises with a combined work - force of 525 , 000 workers suffered the same fate . in other words , in less than two years " the trigger mechanism " ( under the financial operations act ) had led to the lay off of more than 600 , 000 workers out of a total industrial workforce of the order of 2 . 7 million . an additional 20 % of the work force , or half a million people , were not paid wages during the early months of 1990 as enterprises sought to avoid bankruptcy . the largest concentrations of bankrupt firms and lay - offs were in [[ serbia ]] , [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] and [[ kosovo ]] . real earnings were in a free fall and social programmes had collapsed ; creating within the population an atmosphere of social despair and hopelessness . this was a critical turning point in the events to follow . = = = approaching the breakup = = = though the 1974 constitution dampened the institutional and material powers of the federal government , tito ' s authority substituted for this weakness until his death in 1980 . = = = breakup = = = [[ file : breakup of yugoslavia . gif | thumb | right | 250px | breakup of [[ sfr yugoslavia ]] . ]] [[ file : milosevic - 1 . jpg | thumb | 150px | right | serbian president [[ slobodan milošević ]] ' s unequivocal support for the unity of serbs and opposition to the autonomy of kosovo , inflamed ethnic tensions . ]] [[ file : franjotudman . jpg | thumb | 150px | right | croatian president [[ franjo tuđman ]] refused to partition croatia on ethnic lines , which angered serb nationalists who wished to remain in union with serbia . this resulted in the outbreak of violence and war between croats and serbs upon croatia declaring independence , which ended in what many consider to have been an ethnic cleansing of serbs from a part of croatia . {{ pov - statement | date = april 2009 }} ]] [[ file : alijaizetbegovic1 . jpg | thumb | 150px | right | bosnian president [[ alija izetbegović ]] pushed for independence of bosnia , claiming that he would not allow bosnia to become part of a [[ greater serbia ]] which he accused the serbian government of sponsoring . the independence of bosnia was against serbs ' desire for their territory to remain in yugoslavia resulted in the bosnian war . ]] [[ file : former yugoslavia wartime 1 . png | 250px | thumb | right | [[ yugoslav wars ]] , fronts in 1993 . ]] [[ file : former yugoslavia 2008 . png | 250px | thumb | right | state entities on the former territory of yugoslavia , 2008 . ]] {{ main | breakup of yugoslavia }} after tito ' s death on 4 may 1980 , [[ ethnic group | ethnic ]] [[ stress ( biological ) | tensions ]] grew in yugoslavia . the legacy of the [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution of 1974 ]] was used to throw the system of decision - making into a state of paralysis , made all the more hopeless as the conflict of interests had become irreconcilable . the constitutional crisis that inevitably followed resulted in a rise of nationalism in all republics : slovenia and croatia made demands for looser ties within the federation , the albanian majority in kosovo demanded the status of a republic , serbia sought absolute , not only relative dominion over yugoslavia . added to this , the croat quest for independence led to large serb communities within croatia rebelling and trying to secede from the croat republic . in 1986 , the [[ serbian academy of sciences and arts ]] drafted a memorandum addressing some burning issues concerning position of [[ serbs ]] as the most numerous people in yugoslavia . the largest yugoslav republic in territory and population , serbia ' s influence over the regions of kosovo and vojvodina was reduced by the 1974 constitution . because its two autonomous provinces had de facto prerogatives of full - fledged republics , serbia found that its hands were tied , for the republican government was restricted in making and carrying out decisions that would apply to the provinces . since the provinces had a vote in the federal presidency council ( an eight member council composed of representatives from six republics and two autonomous provinces ) , they sometimes even entered into coalition with other republics , thus outvoting serbia . serbia ' s political impotence made it possible for others to exert pressure on the 2 million serbs ( 20 % of total serbian population ) living outside serbia . serbian [[ communist ]] leader [[ slobodan milošević ]] sought to restore pre - 1974 serbian sovereignty . other republics , especially slovenia and croatia , denounced this move as a revival of great serbian [[ hegemony | hegemonism ]] . milošević succeeded in reducing the autonomy of [[ vojvodina ]] and of [[ kosovo | kosovo and metohija ]] , but both entities retained a vote in the yugoslav presidency council . the very instrument that reduced serbian influence before was now used to increase it : in the eight member council , serbia could now count on four votes minimum – serbia proper , then - loyal montenegro , and vojvodina and kosovo . as a result of these events , the [[ albanian people | ethnic albanian ]] miners in [[ kosovo ]] organized strikes , which dovetailed into ethnic conflict between the albanians and the non - albanians in the province . at around 80 % of the [[ demographic history of kosovo # 1968 - 1989 : autonomy | population of kosovo in the 1980s ]] , ethnic - albanians were the majority . the number of [[ slavs ]] in kosovo ( mainly serbs ) was quickly declining for several reasons , among them the ever increasing ethnic tensions and subsequent emigration from the area . by 1999 the slavs formed as little as 10 % of the total population in kosovo . meanwhile [[ slovenia ]] , under the presidency of [[ milan kučan ]] , and [[ croatia ]] supported albanian miners and their struggle for formal recognition . initial strikes turned into widespread demonstrations demanding a kosovan republic . this angered serbia ' s leadership which proceeded to use police force , and later even the [[ yugoslav people ' s army | federal army ]] was sent to the province by the order of the serbia - held majority in the yugoslav presidency council . in january 1990 , the extraordinary 14th congress of the [[ league of communists of yugoslavia ]] was convened . for most of the time , the slovenian and serbian delegations were arguing over the future of the league of communists and yugoslavia . the serbian delegation , led by milošević , insisted on a policy of " ' ' one person , one vote ' ' " , which would empower the plurality population , the [[ serbs ]] . in turn , the slovenes , supported by croats , sought to reform yugoslavia by devolving even more power to republics , but were voted down . as a result , the slovenian , and eventually croatian delegation left the congress , and the all - yugoslav communist party was dissolved . following the fall of [[ communism ]] in the rest of [[ eastern europe ]] , each of the republics held multi - party elections in 1990 . slovenia and croatia held the elections in april since their communist parties chose to cede power peacefully . other yugoslav republics – especially serbia – were more or less dissatisfied with the democratization in two of the republics and proposed different sanctions ( e . g . serbian " customs tax " for slovenian products ) against the two of the union but as the year passed other republics communist parties saw the inevitability of the democratization process and in december as the last member of the federation – serbia held parliamentary elections which confirmed ( former ) communists rule in this republic . the unresolved issues however remained . in particular , slovenia and croatia elected governments oriented towards greater autonomy of the republics ( under [[ milan kučan ]] and [[ franjo tuđman ]] , respectively ) , since it became clear that serbian domination attempts and increasingly different levels of democratic standards were becoming increasingly incompatible . [[ serbia ]] and [[ montenegro ]] elected candidates who favoured yugoslav unity . serbs in croatia wouldn ' t accept a status of a national minority in a sovereign croatia , since they would be demoted from a constituent nation of croatia and this would consequently diminish their rights . = = yugoslav wars = = {{ main | yugoslav wars }} the war broke out when the new regimes tried to replace yugoslav civilian and military forces with secessionist forces . when in august 1990 croatia attempted to replace police in the serb populated croat krajina by force , the population first looked for refuge in the jna caserns , while the army remained passive . the civilians then organised armed resistance . these armed conflicts between the croatian armed forces ( “police ” ) and civilians mark the beginning of the yugoslav war that inflamed the region . similarly , the attempt to replace yugoslav frontier police by the slovenian police provoked regional armed conflicts which finished with a minimal number of victims . a similar attempt in bosnia and herzegovina led to a war that lasted more than 3 years ( see below ) . the results of all these conflicts are almost complete emigration of the serbs from all three regions , massive displacement of the populations in bosnia and herzegovina and establishment of the 3 new independent states . the separation of macedonia was peaceful , although the yugoslav army occupied the peak of the straža mountain on the macedonian soil . serbian uprisings in croatia began in august 1990 by blocking roads leading from the dalmatian coast towards the inland almost a year before croatian leadership made any move towards independence . these uprisings were more or less discretely backed up by the serbian dominated federal army ( jna ) . the serbs proclaimed the emergence of serbian autonomous areas ( known later as [[ republic of serb krajina ]] ) in croatia . federal army tried to disarm the territorial defence forces of slovenia ( republics had their local defence forces similar to [[ croatian home guard | home guard ]] ) in 1990 but wasn ' t completely successful . still slovenia began to covertly import arms to replenish its armed forces . croatia also embarked upon the illegal import of arms , ( following the disaramament of the republics armed forces by the federal jna ) mainly from hungary , and were under constant surveillance which produced a [[ špegelj tapes | video of a secret meeting ]] between the croatian defence minister martin špegelj and the two men , filmed by the yugoslav counter intelligence ( ' ' kos , kontra - obavještajna služba ' ' ) . špegelj announced that they were at war with the army and gave instructions about arms smuggling as well as methods of dealing with the yugoslav army ' s officers stationed in croatian cities . serbia and jna used this discovery of croatian rearmament for propaganda purposes . the film was spiced by distorting sounds and fabricated voice of the croatian minister . also , guns were fired from army bases through croatia . elsewhere , tensions were running high . in the same month , the [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] ( ' ' jugoslovenska narodna armija , jna ' ' ) met with the presidency of yugoslavia in an attempt to get them to declare a [[ state of emergency ]] which would allow for the army to take control of the country . the army was seen as a serbian service by that time so the consequence feared by the other republics was to be total serbian domination of the union . the representatives of [[ serbia ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ kosovo ]] , and [[ vojvodina ]] voted for the decision , while all other republics , croatia ( [[ stjepan mesić | stipe mesić ]] ) , slovenia ( [[ janez drnovšek ]] ) , macedonia ( [[ vasil tupurkovski ]] ) and bosnia and hercegovina ( [[ bogić bogićević ]] ) , voted against . the tie delayed an escalation of conflicts , but not for long . slobodan milošević installed his proponents in vojvodina , kosovo and montenegro during [[ anti - bureaucratic revolution # october 1988 : vojvodina : yogurt revolution | yogurt revolutions ]] . following the first multi - party election results , in the autumn of 1990 , the republics of slovenia and croatia proposed transforming yugoslavia into a loose [[ confederation ]] of six republics . by this proposal republics would have right to self - determination . however [[ slobodan milošević | milošević ]] rejected all such proposals , arguing that like slovenes and croats , the serbs ( having in mind croatian serbs ) should also have a right to self - determination . on march 9 , 1991 , demonstrations were held against slobodan milošević in [[ belgrade ]] , but the police and the military were deployed in the streets to restore order , killing two people . in late march 1991 , the [[ plitvice lakes incident ]] was one of the first sparks of open war in croatia . the [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] ( jna ) , whose superior officers were mainly of serbian ethnicity , maintained an impression of being neutral , but as time went on , they got more and more involved in the state politics . on june 25 , 1991 , slovenia and croatia became the first republics to declare [[ independence ]] from yugoslavia . the federal customs officers in slovenia on the border crossings with italy , austria and hungary mainly just changed uniforms since most of them were local slovenes . the border police were mostly already slovenian before slovenia ' s declaration of independence . the following day ( june 26 ) , the federal executive council specifically ordered the army to take control of the " internationally recognized borders " . see [[ ten - day war ]] . the [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] forces , based in barracks in slovenia and croatia , attempted to carry out the task within the next 48 hours . however , because of the misinformation given to the yugoslav army conscripts that the federation was under attack by foreign forces , and the fact that the majority of them did not wish to engage in a war on the ground where they served their conscription , the slovene territorial defence forces retook most of the posts within several days with only minimal loss of life on both sides . there was a suspected incident of a war crime , as the austrian [[ orf ( broadcaster ) | orf tv station ]] showed [[ ten - day war # holmec incident | footage ]] of three yugoslav army soldiers surrendering to the territorial defense , before gunfire was heard and the troops were seen falling down . however , none were killed in the incident . there were however numerous cases of destruction of civilian property and civilian life by the yugoslav peoples army – houses , a church , civilian airport was bombarded and civilian hangar and airliners inside it , truck drivers on the road ljubljana – zagreb and austrian journalists on ljubljana airport were killed . ceasefire was agreed upon . according to the [[ brioni agreement ]] , recognized by representatives of all republics , the international community pressured slovenia and croatia to place a three - month [[ debt moratorium | moratorium ]] on their independence . during these three months , the yugoslav army completed its pull - out from slovenia , but in croatia , a bloody [[ war in croatia | war ]] broke out in the autumn of 1991 . ethnic [[ serbs ]] , who had created their own state [[ republic of serbian krajina ]] in heavily serb - populated regions resisted the police forces of the republic of croatia who were trying to bring that breakaway region back under croatian jurisdiction . in some strategic places , the yugoslav army acted as a buffer zone , in most others it was protecting or aiding serbs with resources and even manpower in their confrontation with the new croatian army and their police force . in september 1991 , the [[ republic of macedonia ]] also declared independence , becoming the only former republic to gain sovereignty without resistance from the belgrade - based yugoslav authorities . five hundred u . s . soldiers were then deployed under the u . n . banner to monitor macedonia ' s northern borders with the republic of serbia , yugoslavia . macedonia ' s first president , [[ kiro gligorov ]] , maintained good relations with belgrade and the other breakaway republics and there have to date been no problems between macedonian and serbian border police even though small pockets of kosovo and the [[ preševo ]] valley complete the northern reaches of the historical region known as macedonia ( prohor pčinjski part ) , which would otherwise create a border dispute if ever macedonian romantic nationalism should resurface ( ' ' see [[ internal macedonian revolutionary organization | vmro ]] ' ' ) . this was despite the fact that the yugoslav army refused to abandon its military infrastructure on the top of the straža mountain up to the year [[ 2000 ]] . as a result of the conflict , the [[ united nations security council ]] unanimously adopted [[ un security council resolution 721 ]] on november 27 , 1991 , which paved the way to the establishment of [[ peacekeeping ]] operations in yugoslavia . < ref > {{ cite web | url = http : / / www . nato . int / ifor / un / u911127a . htm | title = resolution 721 | date = 1991 - 09 - 25 | work = n . a . t . o . | accessdate = 2006 - 07 - 21 }} < / ref > in [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] in november 1991 , the bosnian serbs held a referendum which resulted in an overwhelming vote in favour of forming serbian republic in borders of bosnia and herzegovina and staying in a common state with [[ serbia ]] and [[ montenegro ]] . on january 9 , 1992 , the self - proclaimed bosnian serb assembly proclaimed a separate " republic of the serb people of bosnia and herzegovina " . the referendum and creation of sars were proclaimed [[ constitutionality | unconstitutional ]] by the government of bosnia and herzegovina , and declared illegal and invalid . however , in february - march 1992 the government held a national referendum on bosnian independence from yugoslavia . that referendum was in turn declared contrary to the bih and federal constitution by the federal constitution court in belgrade and the newly established bosnian serb government . the referendum was largely boycotted by the bosnian serbs . the federal court in belgrade did not decide on the matter of the referendum of the bosnian serbs . the turnout was somewhere between 64 – 67 % and 98 % of the voters voted for independence . it was not clear what the two - thirds majority requirement actually meant and whether it was satisfied . the republic ' s government declared its independence on 5 april , and the serbs immediately declared the independence of republika srpska . the [[ bosnian war | war in bosnia ]] followed shortly thereafter . = = = = the end of the second yugoslavia = = = = various dates are considered as the end of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia : * june 25 , 1991 , when [[ croatia ]] and [[ slovenia ]] declared independence * september 8 , 1991 , following a referendum the [[ republic of macedonia ]] declared independence * october 8 , 1991 , when the july 9 moratorium on slovenian and croatian secession was ended and croatia restated its independence in croatian parliament ( that day is celebrated as independence day in croatia ) * january 15 , 1992 , when slovenia and croatia were internationally recognized by most european countries * april 6 , 1992 , full recognition of [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] ’ s independence by the united states and most european countries * april 28 , 1992 , [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] is formed * november 1995 , [[ dayton agreement ]] is signed by leaders of fr yugoslavia , bosnia and herzegovina and croatia * june 14 , 1996 , the [[ agreement on sub - regional arms control ]] is signed , limiting the military equipment of fr yugoslavia , bosnia and herzegovina and croatia * 1996 – 1999 , clashes between yugoslav army and [[ kosovo liberation army | kla ]] * march 24 - june 10 , 1999 , nato bombing of fr yugoslavia ( serbia and montenegro ) * june 1999 , [[ un ]] and [[ nato ]] administration arrived in [[ kosovo ]] * february 5 , 2003 | , state union of serbia and montenegro constituted * june 5 , 2006 , after referendum in montenegro , montenegro declared their independence and serbia stated it is the successor of | |
| 340419473 | 1 | : / / chnm . gmu . edu / 1989 / exhibits / collapse / essay collapse of communist yugoslavia ] {{ yug - timeline }} [[ pages in category " | kosovo | " former socialist republics " ]] [[ category : yugoslavia | ]] [[ category : former countries in the balkans ]] [[ category : former countries in europe ]] [[ category | |
| 358383461 | 0 | yugoslavia }} = = = 1918 – 1928 = = = yugoslavia was formed after [[ world war i ]] as what was commonly called at the time a " [[ | treaty of versailles | | versailles ]] state " . = = = king alexander ' s period = = = king [[ alexander i of yugoslavia | alexander i ]] banned national political parties in | |
| 367694598 | 8 | the two of the union but as the year passed other republics communist parties saw the inevitability of the democratization process and in december as the last member of the federation | – | — | serbia held parliamentary elections which confirmed ( former ) communists rule in this republic . the unresolved issues however remained . in particular , slovenia and croatia elected governments oriented towards |
| 385374941 | 0 | serbs ]] , [[ catholic ]] [[ croats ]] , and [[ muslim ]] [[ bosniaks ]] and the rise of nationalism contributed to the collapse of yugoslavia in 1991 . | < ref > http : / / atheism . about . com / library / world / kz / bl _ yugoreligiondemography . htm < / ref > | = = = government = = = on 7 april 1963 , the nation changed its official name to [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] and [[ josip broz tito | |
| 387220623 | 0 | was used to throw the system of decision - making into a state of paralysis , made all the more hopeless as the conflict of interests had become irreconcilable . the | [[ | constitutional crisis that inevitably followed resulted in a rise of nationalism in all republics : slovenia and croatia made demands for looser ties within the federation , the albanian majority in | |
| 394554278 | 4 | ]] [[ bosniaks ]] and the rise of nationalism contributed to the collapse of yugoslavia in 1991 . < ref > http : / / atheism . about . com / | > | = = = government = = = on 7 april 1963 , the nation changed its official name to [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] and [[ josip broz tito | |
| 400599300 | 42 | yugoslavia | king ]] [[ peter ii of yugoslavia | peter ii ]] was deposed by yugoslavia ' s [[ constituent assembly ]] . however , he refused to abdicate . | on january 31 , 1946 , the new [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | | constitution ]] of [[ federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ]] , modeled after the [[ soviet union ]] , established six people ' s republics , an autonomous province | |
| 43 | of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution ]] of [[ federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ]] , modeled after the [[ soviet union ]] , established six | people ' s | republics , an autonomous province , and an autonomous district that were part of sr serbia . the federal capital was [[ belgrade ]] . republics and provinces were ( in | ||
| 52 | republic of yugoslavia | constitution ]] was ratified in 1974 that gave more rights to the individual republics in yugoslavia and provinces in serbia . = = = ethnic tensions and | the | economic crisis = = = the post - [[ world war ii ]] yugoslavia was in many respects a model {{ citation needed | date = december 2009 }} of how | ||
| 418372256 | 0 | the [[ yugoslav partisans ]] resistance movement during [[ world war ii ]] . it was renamed to the federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia in 1946 , when a | [[ | communist government was established . in 1963 , it was renamed again to the [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( sfry ) . this was the largest yugoslav state | |
| 420287433 | 0 | ratified in 1974 that gave more rights to the individual republics in yugoslavia and provinces in serbia . = = = ethnic tensions and economic crisis = = = the post | - | – | [[ world war ii ]] yugoslavia was in many respects a model {{ citation needed | date = december 2009 }} of how to build a [[ multinational state ]] . |
| 426524446 | 0 | an inter - war yugoslavia which had been dominated by the [[ serbs | serbian ]] ruling class ; and a war - time division of the country , as [[ | kingdom of italy ( 1861 – 1946 ) | | fascist italy ]] and [[ nazi germany ]] split the country apart and endorsed an extreme croatian nationalist faction called the [[ ustaše ]] which committed genocide {{ citation needed | | |
| 441313646 | 11 | / www1 . yadvashem . org / odot _ pdf / microsoft % 20word % 20 - % 205930 . pdf | title = croatia | publisher = shoah resource center | - | – | [[ yad vashem ]] | accessdate = 4 january 2010 }} < / ref > = = = yugoslav people ' s liberation war = = = {{ main | yugoslav |
| 21 | the two of the union but as the year passed other republics communist parties saw the inevitability of the democratization process and in december as the last member of the federation | — | – | serbia held parliamentary elections which confirmed ( former ) communists rule in this republic . the unresolved issues however remained . in particular , slovenia and croatia elected governments oriented towards | |
| 50 | the [[ yugoslav partisans ]] resistance movement during [[ world war ii ]] . it was renamed to the federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia in 1946 , when a | [[ | communist ]] government was established . in 1963 , it was renamed again to the [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( sfry ) . this was the largest yugoslav | ||
| 56 | to curb separatist tendencies and mitigate nationalist passions . however , alexander ' s policies later encountered opposition from other european powers stemming from developments in italy and germany , where | [[ fascism | | fascists ]] and [[ nazism | nazis ]] rose to power , and the [[ soviet union ]] , where [[ joseph stalin | stalin ]] became absolute ruler . none | ||
| 61 | of the war . but this was at the expense of popular support for paul ' s regency . senior military officers were also opposed to the treaty and launched a | [[ | coup d ' état ]] when the king returned on march 27 . army general [[ dušan simović ]] seized power , arrested the vienna delegation , exiled paul , and | ||
| 67 | . the axis powers occupied yugoslavia and split it up . the [[ independent state of croatia ]] was established as a [[ nazi ]] satellite state , ruled by the | [[ fascism | | fascist ]] militia known as the [[ ustaše ]] that came into existence in 1929 , but was relatively limited in its activities until 1941 . german troops occupied [[ bosnia | ||
| 75 | however , [[ marshal of yugoslavia | marshal ]] josip broz tito was seen as a national hero by the citizens and was elected by referendum to lead the new independent | [[ communism | | communist ]] state , starting as a [[ prime minister ]] . the official yugoslav post - war estimate of [[ world war ii casualties | victims ]] in yugoslavia during | ||
| 83 | in it . the country distanced itself from the soviets in 1948 ( cf . [[ cominform ]] and [[ informbiro ]] ) and started to build its own way to | [[ | socialism ]] under the strong political leadership of [[ josip broz tito ]] . the country criticized both [[ eastern bloc ]] and [[ nato ]] nations and , together with | ||
| 119 | serbia ' s political impotence made it possible for others to exert pressure on the 2 million serbs ( 20 % of total serbian population ) living outside serbia . serbian | [[ | communist ]] leader [[ slobodan milošević ]] sought to restore pre - 1974 serbian sovereignty . other republics , especially slovenia and croatia , denounced this move as a revival of | ||
| 464626849 | 3 | | peter ii ]] was deposed by yugoslavia ' s [[ constituent assembly ]] . however , he refused to abdicate . on 31 january 1946 , the new [[ constitution | of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | | constitution ]] of [[ federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ]] , modeled after the [[ soviet union ]] , established six republics , an autonomous province , and | |
| 4 | autonomy . the regime stifled the public protest and incarcerated the leaders , but many key croatian representatives in the party silently supported this cause , so a new [[ constitution | of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | | constitution ]] was ratified in 1974 that gave more rights to the individual republics in yugoslavia and provinces in serbia . = = = ethnic tensions and economic crisis = | ||
| 5 | death in 1980 . after tito ' s death on 4 may 1980 , [[ ethnic hatred | ethnic tensions ]] grew in yugoslavia . the legacy of the [[ constitution | of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | | constitution of 1974 ]] was used to throw the system of decision - making into a state of paralysis , made all the more hopeless as the conflict of interests | ||
| 495585894 | 8 | events that followed , was officially abolished in 1943 and 1945 . the second country with this name was the democratic federal yugoslavia , proclaimed in 1943 by the [[ yugoslav | partisans | | partisans ]] resistance movement during world war ii . it was renamed to the federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia in 1946 , when a communist government was established . | |
| 495666744 | 27 | in 1941 , and because of the events that followed , was officially abolished in 1943 and 1945 . the democratic federal yugoslavia was proclaimed in 1943 by the [[ yugoslav | partisans | | partisans ]] resistance movement during [[ world war ii ]] . it was renamed to the federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia in 1946 , when a communist government was | |
| 495668696 | 10 | events that followed , was officially abolished in 1943 and 1945 . the second country with this name was the democratic federal yugoslavia , proclaimed in 1943 by the [[ yugoslav | partisans | | partisans ]] resistance movement during world war ii . it was renamed to the federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia in 1946 , when a communist government was established . | |
| 511394718 | 0 | and proposed different sanctions ( e . g . serbian " customs tax " for slovenian products ) against the two of the union but as the year passed other republics | ' | communist parties saw the inevitability of the democratization process and in december as the last member of the federation – serbia held parliamentary elections which confirmed ( former ) communists rule | |
| 511395809 | 1 | t completely successful . still , slovenia began to covertly import arms to replenish its armed forces . croatia also embarked upon the illegal import of arms , ( following the | disaramament | disarmament | of the republics armed forces by the federal jna ) mainly from hungary , and were under constant surveillance which produced a [[ špegelj tapes | video of a secret meeting |
| 542255750 | 0 | > eventually , after the [[ overthrow of slobodan milošević ]] from power as president of the federation in 2000 , the country rescinded those aspirations and accepted the opinion of | the | [[ badinter arbitration committee ]] about shared succession , and reapplied for and gained un membership on 2 november 2000 . < ref name = " ebrd country promotion programme " | |
| 542266155 | 0 | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of kosovo . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | february 17 , 2008 | no official recognition due to | [[ international recognition of kosovo | | ongoing kosovar sovereignty dispute | february 17 | - | [[ macedonia ( country ) | macedonia ]] | [[ skopje ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of | |
| 542271560 | 2 | > eventually , after the [[ overthrow of slobodan milošević ]] from power as president of the federation in 2000 , the country rescinded those aspirations and accepted the opinion of | the | [[ badinter arbitration committee ]] about shared succession , and reapplied for and gained un membership on november 2 , 2000 . < ref name = " ebrd country promotion programme | |
| 3 | be a sole [[ succession of states | legal successor ]] to the [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] , but those claims were opposed by other former republics . | the [[ united nations ]] also [[ united nations security council resolution 777 | denied its request to automatically continue the membership of the former state ]] . < ref name = " mpil . de " > {{ cite book | url = http : / / www . mpil . de / shared / data / pdf / pdfmpunyb / wood _ 1 . pdf | title = max planck yearbook of united nations law | chapter = participation of former yugoslav states in the united nations | pages = 241 – 243 }} < / ref > eventually , | after the [[ overthrow of slobodan milošević ]] from power as president of the federation in 2000 , the country rescinded those aspirations and accepted the opinion of [[ badinter arbitration | ||
| 542641170 | 0 | the fry aspired to be a sole [[ succession of states | legal successor ]] to the [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] , but those claims were opposed by | the | other former republics . after the [[ overthrow of slobodan milošević ]] from power in 2000 , the fry rescinded those aspirations , accepting the opinion of the [[ badinter arbitration | |
| 542641702 | 0 | of yugoslavia aspired to be a sole [[ succession of states | legal successor ]] to the [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] , but those claims were opposed by | the | other former republics . the united nations also [[ united nations security council resolution 777 | denied its request to automatically continue the membership of the former state ]] . < | |
| 563179561 | 2 | that would apply to the provinces . since the provinces had a vote in the federal presidency council ( an eight - member council composed of representatives from six republics and | the | two autonomous provinces ) , they sometimes even entered into coalition with other republics , thus outvoting serbia . serbia ' s political impotence made it possible for others to exert | |
| 9 | of the republics and proposed different sanctions ( e . g . serbian " customs tax " for slovenian products ) against the two of the union but as the year | passed | progressed , | other republics ' communist parties saw the inevitability of the democratization process and in december as the last member of the federation – serbia held parliamentary elections which confirmed ( former | |
| 16 | other republics ' communist parties saw the inevitability of the democratization process and in december as the last member of the federation – serbia held parliamentary elections which confirmed ( former | ) | communists rule in this republic . the unresolved issues however remained . in particular , slovenia and croatia elected governments oriented towards greater autonomy of the republics ( under [[ milan | ||
| 563180646 | 3 | " police " ) and civilians mark the beginning of the yugoslav war that inflamed the region . similarly , the attempt to replace yugoslav frontier police by the slovenian police | forces | provoked regional armed conflicts which finished with a minimal number of victims . a similar attempt in bosnia and herzegovina led to a war that lasted more than three years ( | |
| 563181056 | 3 | . however , in february – march 1992 the government held a national referendum on bosnian independence from yugoslavia . that referendum was in turn declared contrary to the bih and | the | federal constitution by the federal constitution court in belgrade and the newly established bosnian serb government . the referendum was largely boycotted by the bosnian serbs . the federal court in | |
| 569536615 | 0 | of the war . but this was at the expense of popular support for paul ' s regency . senior military officers were also opposed to the treaty and launched a | [[ | coup d ' état when the king returned on [[ yugoslav military coup of march 27 , 1941 | 27 march ]] . army general [[ dušan simović ]] seized power | |
| 582992172 | 1 | the first official use of ' ' yugoslavia ' ' in 1929 . = = = king alexander = = = king [[ alexander i of yugoslavia | alexander i ]] | suspended the constitution , | banned national political parties in 1929 , assumed executive power and renamed the country yugoslavia . he hoped to curb separatist tendencies and mitigate nationalist passions . however , alexander ' | |
| 588344999 | 25 | | publisher = ebrd country promotion programme | page = 3 }} < / ref > from 1992 to 2000 , some countries , including the [[ united states ]] , | referred to the fry as " serbia and montenegro " . < ref name = " serbia and montenegro " > 1999 | while | [[ cia ]] [[ world factbook ]] : [ http : / / www . umsl . edu / services / govdocs / wofact99 / 265 . htm serbia and montenegro |
| 35 | ) . this became the largest yugoslav state as [[ istria ]] , [[ rijeka ]] , and [[ zadar ]] were added to the new yugoslavia after the end of | world war ii . | the constituent six socialist republics and two socialist autonomous provinces that made up the country were [[ socialist republic of bosnia and herzegovina | sr bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ | ||
| 616725067 | 3 | june 1944 ; however , [[ marshal of yugoslavia | marshal ]] josip broz tito was seen as a national hero by the citizens and was elected by referendum to lead | the new | an | independent communist state , starting as a prime minister . {{ citation needed | date = november 2013 }} the official yugoslav post - war estimate of [[ world war ii |
| 616726337 | 11 | he refused to abdicate . on 31 january 1946 , the new [[ 1946 yugoslav constitution | constitution ]] of [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] , modeled after the | [[ | soviet union ]] , established six republics , an autonomous province , and an autonomous district that were part of sr serbia . the federal capital was [[ belgrade ]] . | |
| 15 | agreement ( 1947 ) | bled agreement ]] . the aim of the negotiations was to include bulgaria in yugoslavia or to form a new union of two independent countries . | after the intervention of | stalin this agreement was never realized . yugoslavia solved the national issue of nations and nationalities ( national minorities ) in a way that all nations and nationalities had the same | ||
| 617081328 | 1 | ]] , [[ socialist republic of slovenia | sr slovenia ]] , and [[ socialist republic of serbia | sr serbia ]] ( including the [[ autonomy | autonomous ]] provinces | of | : | [[ socialist autonomous province of vojvodina | vojvodina ]] and [[ socialist autonomous province of kosovo | kosovo ]] , which after 1974 were largely equal to the other members of |
| 3 | sr montenegro ]] , [[ socialist republic of slovenia | sr slovenia ]] , and [[ socialist republic of serbia | sr serbia ]] ( including the [[ autonomy | autonomous | ]] | provinces of [[ socialist autonomous province of vojvodina | vojvodina ]] and [[ socialist autonomous province of kosovo | kosovo ]] , which after 1974 were largely equal to the other | ||
| 648135254 | 0 | yugoslavia in 1946 , when a communist government was established . it acquired the territories of [[ istria ]] , [[ rijeka ]] , and [[ zadar ]] from italy . | partisan | leader of the partisans [[ josip broz tito ]] ruled the country as the president until his death in 1980 . in 1963 , the country was renamed again to the | |
| 1 | sr montenegro ]] , [[ socialist republic of slovenia | sr slovenia ]] , and [[ socialist republic of serbia | sr serbia ]] . serbia contained two socialist autonomous provinces | : | , | [[ socialist autonomous province of vojvodina | vojvodina ]] and [[ socialist autonomous province of kosovo | kosovo ]] , which after 1974 were largely equal to the other members of | |
| 702550312 | 5 | dates | date = october 2012 }} [[ file : yugoslavia location map . svg | thumb | right | 300px | general location of yugoslavia . first established with the | ' ' ' | [[ treaty of rapallo , 1920 | treaty of rapallo ]] , the original western border left a population of half a million [[ south slavs ]] < ref name = | |
| 40 | it as the legitimate government , but in november 1945 the monarchy was abolished . yugoslavia was renamed the federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia in 1946 , when a | [[ | communist government was established . it acquired the territories of [[ istria ]] , [[ rijeka ]] , and [[ zadar ]] from italy . partisan leader [[ josip broz tito | ||
| 702589142 | 5 | date = october 2012 }} [[ file : yugoslavia location map . svg | thumb | right | 300px | general location of [[ yugoslavia ]] . first established with the | ' ' ' | [[ treaty of rapallo , 1920 | treaty of rapallo ]] ' ' ' , the original western border left a population of half a million ' ' ' [[ south | |
| 40 | [[ november 1945 ]] the monarchy was abolished . [[ yugoslavia ]] was renamed the [[ federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ]] in [[ 1946 ]] , when a | [[ | communist government ]] was established . it acquired the territories of [[ istria ]] , [[ rijeka ]] , and [[ zadar ]] from [[ italy ]] . [[ partisan ]] | ||
| 44 | when a [[ communist government ]] was established . it acquired the territories of [[ istria ]] , [[ rijeka ]] , and [[ zadar ]] from [[ italy ]] . | [[ | partisan ]] leader [[ josip broz tito ]] ruled the country as president until his death in [[ 1980 ]] . in [[ 1963 ]] , the country was renamed again | ||
| 716053999 | 6 | the two , but as the year progressed , other republics ' communist parties saw the inevitability of the democratisation process and in december as the last member of the federation | – | , | serbia held parliamentary elections which confirmed former communists ' rule in this republic . the unresolved issues however remained . in particular , slovenia and croatia elected governments oriented towards greater |
| 748664379 | 7 | , ethnic - albanians were the majority . the number of [[ slavs ]] in kosovo ( mainly serbs ) was quickly declining for several reasons , among them the ever | - | increasing ethnic tensions and subsequent emigration from the area . by 1999 the slavs formed as little as 10 % of the total population in kosovo . meanwhile , [[ slovenia | |
| 812917411 | 0 | {st@rt} {{ for2 | the 1943 | - | – | 1992 federation | [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] | the 1918 - 1941 kingdom | [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] }} {{ pp - semi | small = yes |
| 838423170 | 0 | zadar ]] from italy . partisan leader [[ josip broz tito ]] ruled the country as president until his death in 1980 . in 1963 , the country was renamed again | , | as the [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( sfry ) . the constituent six socialist republics that made up the country were the [[ socialist republic of bosnia and | |
| 846864398 | 1 | {st@rt} {{ for2 | the 1943 – 1992 | socialist | federation | [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] | the 1918 – 1941 / 43 kingdom | [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] | the state union of serbia and montenegro |
| left_string | del_string | ins_string | right_string | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 56779575 | 4 | february 4 ]] , [[ 2003 ]] . as of [[ may 22 ]] [[ 2006 ]] montenegro has voted to separate from serbia and establish itself as an independent state | ; montenegro officially declared its independence on [[ june 3 ]] , [[ 2006 ]] , effectively dissolving the [[ serbia and montenegro | federal republic of yugoslavia ]] | . _ _ toc _ _ {{ splitsection | history of yugoslavia }} = = ' ' ' background ' ' ' = = during the early period of the world | |
| 82799705 | 6 | pushing towards [[ neoliberalism ]] , to the delight of the us . it was the [[ ronald reagan | reagan ]] administration which , in [[ 1984 ]] , had | adopted a | supported imf / [[ world bank group | world bank ]] | " [[ shock _ therapy _ ( economics ) | shock therapy ]] " proposal to push yugoslavia towards a capitalist restoration . this , naturally , undermined a central pillar |
| 82813167 | 8 | interests and began pushing towards [[ neoliberalism ]] , to the delight of the us . the [[ ronald reagan | reagan ]] administration , in [[ 1984 ]] , had | supported imf / [[ world bank group | world bank ]] | adopted a | " [[ shock _ therapy _ ( economics ) | shock therapy ]] " proposal to push yugoslavia towards a capitalist " restoration " . this , naturally , undermined a |
| 94926507 | 0 | [[ june 3 ]] and [[ june 5 ]] , 2006 , montenegro and serbia respectively declared their independence , thereby ending the last remnants of the former yugoslav federation . | ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' is sometimes also used as a vague general term referring to those areas traditionally inhabited by [[ serbs ]] , [[ croats ]] , [[ slovenes ]] and [[ montenegrins ]] . | _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = = = = southern slavic state = = = the first idea of a state for all south slavs emerged in | |
| 94927244 | 1 | is sometimes also used as a vague general term referring to those areas traditionally inhabited by [[ serbs ]] , [[ croats ]] , [[ slovenes ]] and [[ montenegrins ]] | and [[ bosniaks ]] ; and sometimes [[ albanians ]] and [[ macedonians ]] | . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = = = = southern slavic state = = = the first idea of a state for all south slavs emerged | |
| 94935203 | 0 | [[ june 3 ]] and [[ june 5 ]] , 2006 , montenegro and serbia respectively declared their independence , thereby ending the last remnants of the former yugoslav federation . | ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' is sometimes also used as a vague general term referring to those areas traditionally inhabited by [[ serbs ]] , [[ croats ]] , [[ slovenes ]] , [[ montenegrins ]] and [[ bosniaks ]] ; and sometimes [[ albanians ]] and [[ macedonians ]] . | _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = = = = southern slavic state = = = the first idea of a state for all south slavs emerged in | |
| 138150216 | 0 | on [[ june 3 ]] and [[ june 5 ]] , 2006 , montenegro and serbia respectively declared their independence , thereby ending the last remnants of the former yugoslav federation | forever | . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = = = = southern slavic state = = = the first idea of a state for all south slavs emerged | |
| 138153249 | 0 | on [[ june 3 ]] and [[ june 5 ]] , 2006 , montenegro and serbia respectively declared their independence , thereby ending the last remnants of the former yugoslav federation | forever | . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = = = = southern slavic state = = = the first idea of a state for all south slavs emerged | |
| 192438632 | 0 | [[ june 3 ]] and [[ june 5 ]] , 2006 , montenegro and serbia respectively declared their independence , thereby ending the last remnants of the former yugoslav federation . | on february 18 , 2008 , kosovo delcared independence form serbia , further dividing the former country . | _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} the idea for a single state for all [[ south slavs | south slavic | |
| 192522697 | 1 | their independence , thereby ending the last remnants of the former yugoslav federation . on february 18 , 2008 , kosovo delcared independence form serbia , further dividing the former country | and ending yugoslavia altogether | . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} the idea for a single state for all [[ south slavs | south | |
| 193729606 | 0 | their independence , thereby ending the last remnants of the loose agreement . on february 18 , 2008 , kosovo unilaterally declared independence from serbia , further dividing the former country | and ending yugoslavia altogether | . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} the idea for a single state for all [[ south slavs | south | |
| 193894652 | 2 | respectively declared their independence , thereby ending the last remnants of the loose agreement . on february 18 , 2008 , kosovo unilaterally declared independence from serbia , further dividing the | former country | declaration illegitimate | . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} the idea for a single state for all [[ south slavs | south |
| 193899901 | 3 | remnants of the loose agreement . on february 18 , 2008 , kosovo unilaterally declared independence from serbia , despite not being in accordance with united nations resolution 1244 making the | declaration illegitimate | former country | . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} the idea for a single state for all [[ south slavs | south |
| 198775163 | 0 | thereby ending the last remnants of the loose agreement . on february 18 , 2008 , kosovo unilaterally declared independence from serbia , an act not recognized by [[ serbia ]] | further dividing the former country | . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} the idea for a single state for all [[ south slavs ]] emerged | |
| 206808719 | 34 | their independence , thereby ending the last remnants of the loose agreement . on february 18 , 2008 , kosovo unilaterally declared independence from serbia , an act not recognized by | [[ | serbia ]] . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} the idea for a single state for all [[ south slavs | |
| 35 | , thereby ending the last remnants of the loose agreement . on february 18 , 2008 , kosovo unilaterally declared independence from serbia , an act not recognized by [[ serbia | ]] | . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} the idea for a single state for all [[ south slavs ]] emerged | ||
| 206810242 | 5 | of the loose agreement . on [[ february 18 ]] , [[ 2008 ]] , [[ republic of kosovo | kosovo ]] unilaterally declared independence from serbia , an act fiercely | opposed by serbia | opposes ]] | . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} the idea for a single state for all [[ south slavs ]] emerged |
| 210755078 | 1 | [[ june 5 ]] , [[ 2006 ]] , [[ montenegro ]] and [[ serbia ]] respectively declared their independences , thereby ending the last remnants of the loose agreement . | on [[ february 17 ]] , [[ 2008 ]] , [[ republic of kosovo | kosovo ]] unilaterally [[ 2008 kosovo declaration of independence | declared independence ]] from serbia , an act that serbia [[ serbia ' s reaction to the 2008 kosovo declaration of independence | fiercely opposes ]] . | _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} the idea for a single state for all [[ south slavs ]] emerged in | |
| 218520678 | 0 | [[ june 5 ]] , [[ 2006 ]] , [[ montenegro ]] and [[ serbia ]] respectively declared their independences , thereby ending the last remnants of a yugoslav state . | yahhh | _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} the idea for a single state for all [[ south slavs ]] emerged in | |
| 218520680 | 0 | [[ june 5 ]] , [[ 2006 ]] , [[ montenegro ]] and [[ serbia ]] respectively declared their independences , thereby ending the last remnants of a yugoslav state . | yahhh | _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} the idea for a single state for all [[ south slavs ]] emerged in | |
| 246788976 | 0 | name " yugoslavia " . on june 3 and june 5 , 2006 respectively , [[ montenegro ]] and [[ serbia ]] declared independence , thereby ending the yugoslav state . | [[ kosovo ]] declared independence in 2008 . its statehood is , however , still disputed . | _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} the idea for a single state for all [[ south slavs ]] emerged in | |
| 251007548 | 0 | montenegro ]] and [[ serbia ]] declared independence , thereby ending the yugoslav state . [[ kosovo ]] declared independence in 2008 . its statehood is , however , still disputed | by serbia | . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} the idea for a single state for all [[ south slavs ]] emerged | |
| 251363174 | 5 | 5 , 2006 respectively , [[ montenegro ]] and [[ serbia ]] declared independence . [[ kosovo ]] declared independence in 2008 . its statehood is , however , still disputed | by serbia | . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} the idea for a single state for all [[ south slavs ]] emerged | |
| 279273442 | 0 | [[ montenegro ]] and [[ serbia ]] declared independence , thereby ending the yugoslav state . [[ kosovo ]] declared independence in 2008 . its statehood is , however , still | disputed . | pooed | _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} yugoslavia was the idea for a single state for all [[ south slavs | |
| 279273471 | 0 | [[ montenegro ]] and [[ serbia ]] declared independence , thereby ending the yugoslav state . [[ kosovo ]] declared independence in 2008 . its statehood is , however , still | pooed | disputed . | _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} yugoslavia was the idea for a single state for all [[ south slavs | |
| 284695040 | 20 | politicians were jailed or kept under tight police surveillance . the effect of alexander ' s dictatorship was to further alienate the non - serbs from the idea of unity . | fyr macedonia | former yugoslav republic of macedonia | _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} yugoslavia was the idea for a single state for all [[ south slavs | | |
| 294074180 | 0 | is , however , still disputed . the last country to have any yugoslav attribute in its name is the [[ fyr macedonia | former yugoslav republic of macedonia ]] . | the country ' s main export is now porn and captive / enslaved american and western european women . | _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} yugoslavia was the idea for a single state for all [[ south slavs | | |
| 294090117 | 0 | is , however , still disputed . the last country to have any yugoslav attribute in its name is the [[ fyr macedonia | former yugoslav republic of macedonia ]] . | the country ' s main export is now porn and captive / enslaved american and western european women . | _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} yugoslavia was the idea for a single state for all [[ south slavs | | |
| 294867442 | 0 | name " yugoslavia " . on june 3 and june 5 , 2006 respectively , [[ montenegro ]] and [[ serbia ]] declared independence , thereby ending the yugoslav state . | [[ kosovo ]] declared independence in 2008 . its statehood is , however , still disputed . the last country to have any yugoslav attribute in its name is the [[ fyr macedonia | former yugoslav republic of macedonia ]] . | _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} yugoslavia was the idea for a single state for all [[ south slavs | | |
| 294877361 | 0 | name " yugoslavia " . on june 3 and june 5 , 2006 respectively , [[ montenegro ]] and [[ serbia ]] declared independence , thereby ending the yugoslav state . | [[ kosovo ]] declared independence in 2008 . its statehood is , however , still disputed . the last country to have any yugoslav attribute in its name is the [[ fyr macedonia | former yugoslav republic of macedonia ]] . | _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} yugoslavia was the idea for a single state for all [[ south slavs | | |
| 295007625 | 0 | [[ kosovo ]] declared independence in 2008 . its statehood is , however , still disputed . the last country to have any yugoslav attribute in its name is the [[ | fyr macedonia | former yugoslav republic of | macedonia ]] . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} yugoslavia was the idea for a single state for all [[ | |
| 301150997 | 0 | ]] and [[ serbia ]] declared independence , thereby ending the yugoslav state . [[ kosovo ]] declared independence in 2008 . its statehood is , however , still disputed . | the last country to have any yugoslav attribute in its name is [[ macedonia ]] . | _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} yugoslavia was the idea for a single state for all [[ south slavs | | |
| 325621246 | 4 | [[ montenegro ]] and [[ serbia ]] declared independence , thereby ending the yugoslav state . [[ kosovo ]] declared independence in 2008 . its statehood is , however , still | disputed | in progress | . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} yugoslavia was the idea for a single state for all [[ south slavs |
| 325697061 | 8 | 5 , 2006 respectively , [[ montenegro ]] and [[ serbia ]] declared independence . [[ kosovo ]] declared independence in 2008 . its international recognition is , however , still | in progress | disputed | . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} yugoslavia was the idea for a single state for all [[ south slavs |
| 588056015 | 0 | . the name was created by the combination of the slavic words " jug " ( south ) and " slaveni " ( slavs ) . yugoslavia was result of [[ | https : / / en . wikipedia . org / wiki / | corfu _ declaration ]] , as project of serbian parliament in exile and serbian royal [[ karađorđević dynasty ]] , who became yugoslav royal dynasty . = = kingdom of yugoslavia | |
| 817772770 | 0 | yugoslavia . svg | | image _ flag = flag of the kingdom of yugoslavia . svg | flag = flag of yugoslavia | flag _ type = flag ( 1918 | - 1941 | ) | flag _ border = | image _ coat = | symbol = | symbol _ type = | image _ map = yugoslavia location map . svg | image | |
| 2 | = [[ list of presidents of czechoslovakia | president ]] | leader1 = | year _ leader1 = | event _ start = [[ creation of yugoslavia | creation ]] | | date | flag2 | _ start = 1 december 1918 | event1 = [[ invasion of yugoslavia | axis invasion ]] | date _ event1 = 6 april 1941 | event2 = [[ abolition of | |
| 6 | april 1941 | event2 = [[ abolition of monarchy ]] | date _ event2 = 29 november 1945 | event _ end = [[ breakup of yugoslavia | disintegration ]] | | date | flag ( 1946 - | _ end = 27 april 1992 | year _ end = 1992 | stat _ year1 = 1918 | stat _ area1 = | stat _ pop1 = | stat _ | |
| 8 | = [[ abolition of monarchy ]] | date _ event2 = 29 november 1945 | event _ end = [[ breakup of yugoslavia | disintegration ]] | date _ end = | 27 april | | date _ start = 1 december | year _ start = 1918 | 1992 | year _ end = 1992 | stat _ year1 = 1918 | stat _ area1 = | stat _ pop1 = | stat _ year2 = | stat _ | |
| 10 | ! }} federal republic of yugoslavia | flag _ s5 = flag of fr yugoslavia . svg | | image _ flag = flag of the kingdom of yugoslavia . svg | | flag = flag of yugoslavia | | flag _ type = flag ( 1918 ) | flag _ border = | image _ coat = | symbol = | symbol _ type = | image _ map | ||
| 818641417 | 2 | flag of the kingdom of yugoslavia . svg | flag _ type = flag ( 1918 - 1941 ) | image _ flag2 = flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | | flag2 | 120px ]] | flag | _ type = flag ( 1946 - 1992 ) | flag _ border = | image _ coat = | symbol = | symbol _ type = | image _ map |
| 4 | yugoslavia . svg | flag _ type = flag ( 1918 - 1941 ) | image _ flag2 = flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | flag2 _ type = flag | ( 1946 - 1992 ) | | flag _ border = | image _ coat = | symbol = | symbol _ type = | image _ map = yugoslavia location map . svg | image _ | ||
| 818929715 | 0 | }} {{ infobox former country | conventional _ long _ name = yugoslavia | native _ name = | common _ name = yugoslavia | continent = europe | region = | east | southeastern | europe | life _ span = 1918 – 1992 | p1 = kingdom of serbia | flag _ p1 = state flag of serbia ( 1882 - 1918 ) . svg |
| 818932945 | 6 | | government _ type = [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ( 1918 - 45 ) < br / > [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( 1945 - 92 ) | < br / > [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( 1992 - 03 ) | | title _ leader = [[ list of presidents of czechoslovakia | president ]] | leader1 = | year _ leader1 = | event _ start = [[ creation of yugoslavia | |
| 8 | 1945 | event _ end = [[ breakup of yugoslavia | disintegration ]] | date _ end = 27 april | year _ end = 1992 | stat _ year1 = | 1918 | 1931 | | stat _ area1 = | stat _ pop1 = | stat _ year2 = | stat _ area2 = | stat _ pop2 = | cctld = [[ . yu | |
| 9 | disintegration ]] | date _ end = 27 april | year _ end = 1992 | stat _ year1 = 1918 | stat _ area1 = | stat _ pop1 = | 13 , 934 , 038 | | stat _ year2 = | stat _ area2 = | stat _ pop2 = | cctld = [[ . yu ]] | calling _ code = 38 | currency = | ||
| 10 | end = 27 april | year _ end = 1992 | stat _ year1 = 1918 | stat _ area1 = | stat _ pop1 = | stat _ year2 = | 1989 | | stat _ area2 = | stat _ pop2 = | cctld = [[ . yu ]] | calling _ code = 38 | currency = yugoslav dinar | footnotes = | ||
| 12 | . svg | 70px ]] [[ file : grb jugoslavije . svg | 70px ]] | symbol = | symbol _ type = | image _ map = yugoslavia location map | . svg | image _ map | _ caption = | latd = | latm = | latns = n | longd = | longm = | longew = e | national _ motto = | national _ | ||
| 819799425 | 1 | : coat of arms of serbia and montenegro . svg | 70px ]] | symbol = | symbol _ type = | image _ map = history _ of _ yugoslavia | . svg | image _ | location | map _ caption = [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ( 1918 - 1939 ) < br > [[ sfr yugoslavia ]] ( 1943 - 1992 ) < br > [[ fr |
| 2 | and montenegro . svg | 70px ]] | symbol = | symbol _ type = | image _ map = history _ of _ yugoslavia . svg | image _ map | . svg | image _ map | _ caption = [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ( 1918 - 1939 ) < br > [[ sfr yugoslavia ]] ( 1943 - 1992 ) < br > [[ fr yugoslavia | ||
| 4 | 1945 | event _ end = [[ breakup of yugoslavia | disintegration ]] | date _ end = 27 april | year _ end = 1992 | stat _ year1 = | 1931 | 1918 | | stat _ area1 = | stat _ pop1 = 13 , 934 , 038 | stat _ year2 = 1989 | stat _ area2 = | stat _ pop2 = | |
| 9 | | government _ type = [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ( 1918 - 45 ) < br / > [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( 1945 - 92 ) | < br / > [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( 1992 - 03 ) | | title _ leader = [[ list of presidents of yugoslavia | president ]] | leader1 = | year _ leader1 = | event _ start = [[ creation of yugoslavia | ||
| 10 | disintegration ]] | date _ end = 27 april | year _ end = 1992 | stat _ year1 = 1931 | stat _ area1 = | stat _ pop1 = | 13 , 934 , 038 | | stat _ year2 = 1989 | stat _ area2 = | stat _ pop2 = 23 , 724 , 919 | stat _ year3 = 2002 | stat _ area3 | ||
| 11 | year _ end = 1992 | stat _ year1 = 1931 | stat _ area1 = | stat _ pop1 = 13 , 934 , 038 | stat _ year2 = | 1989 | | stat _ area2 = | stat _ pop2 = 23 , 724 , 919 | stat _ year3 = 2002 | stat _ area3 = | stat _ pop3 = | ||
| 819801402 | 0 | herzegovina ( 1992 - 1998 ) . svg | s5 = serbia and montenegro {{ ! }} fr yugoslavia | flag _ s5 = flag of fr yugoslavia . svg | | | image _ flag = [[ file : flag of the kingdom of yugoslavia . svg | 120px ]] < br > < br > [[ file : flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | 120px ]] | | image _ flag = flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | | flag _ type = flag | flag _ border = | image _ coat = [[ file : coat of arms of the kingdom of yugoslavia . svg | 70px |
| 819802306 | 0 | fr yugoslavia | flag _ s5 = flag of fr yugoslavia . svg | | image _ flag = flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | flag _ type = flag | ( 1945 - 1992 ) | | flag _ border = | image _ coat = grb jugoslavije . svg | symbol = | symbol _ type = | image _ map = yugoslavia location map . | |
| 1 | yugoslavia . svg | flag _ type = flag | flag _ border = | image _ coat = grb jugoslavije . svg | symbol = | symbol _ type = | emblem ( 1963 - 1992 ) | symbol _ type _ article = emblem of yugoslavia | | image _ map = yugoslavia location map . svg | image _ map _ caption = | latd = | latm = | latns = n | longd = | | ||
| 2 | | image _ flag = flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | flag _ type = flag | flag _ border = | image _ coat = grb jugoslavije . svg | | symbol = | | symbol _ type = | image _ map = yugoslavia location map . svg | image _ map _ caption = | latd = | latm = | latns = | ||
| 819802680 | 0 | name = | common _ name = yugoslavia | continent = europe | region = southeastern europe | life _ span = 1918 – 1992 | p1 = kingdom of serbia | {{ ! }} serbia | | flag _ p1 = state flag of serbia ( 1882 - 1918 ) . svg | p2 = state of slovenes , croats and serbs | flag _ p2 = | |
| 819812809 | 0 | move - indef }} {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} {{ infobox former country | conventional _ long _ name = yugoslavia | native _ name = | ' ' jugoslavija ' ' < br / > југославија | | common _ name = yugoslavia | continent = europe | region = southeastern europe | life _ span = 1918 – 1992 | p1 = kingdom of serbia {{ ! | |
| 819821056 | 0 | = | longm = | longew = | national _ motto = | national _ anthem = | capital = [[ belgrade ]] | demonym = | common _ languages = | 1921 - 1945 : [[ serbo - croato - slovene ]] {{ ref label | scs | a | } | | government _ type = [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ( 1918 - 45 ) < br / > [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( 1945 - 92 ) | |
| 8 | languages = | government _ type = [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ( 1918 - 45 ) < br / > [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( 1945 - | 92 | [[ socialist state | socialist ]] [[ republic ]] < br / > {{ small | | ) | title _ leader = | leader1 = | year _ leader1 = | event _ start = [[ creation of yugoslavia | creation ]] | date _ start = | |
| 9 | | government _ type = [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ( 1918 - 45 ) < br / > [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( 1945 - 92 ) | 1992 | | title _ leader = | leader1 = | year _ leader1 = | event _ start = [[ creation of yugoslavia | creation ]] | date _ start = 1 | ||
| 10 | flag | slovenia }} < br / > {{ flag | macedonia }} < br / > {{ flag | kosovo }} {{ ref label | ksv | a | } | }} | } | footnote _ a = {{ note | ksv }} {{ kosovo - note }} }} ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ serbo - croatian language | | ||
| 11 | | slovenia }} < br / > {{ flag | macedonia }} < br / > {{ flag | kosovo }} {{ ref label | ksv | a | } } | } | | footnote _ a = {{ note | ksv }} {{ kosovo - note }} }} ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ serbo - croatian language | serbo | ||
| 819821999 | 7 | {{ flag | slovenia }} < br / > {{ flag | macedonia }} < br / > {{ flag | kosovo }} {{ ref label | ksv | a | | } | = {{ note | } | footnote _ b = {{ note | ksv }} {{ kosovo - note }} }} ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ serbo - croatian language | |
| 8 | | slovenia }} < br / > {{ flag | macedonia }} < br / > {{ flag | kosovo }} {{ ref label | ksv | a | } } | scs }} [[ serbo - croatian ]] and [[ slovene language | slovene ]] are separate languages , but that was not officially accepted or universally acknowledged at the time , and ' serbo - croato - slovene ' was declared the single official language ( ' ' srpsko - hrvatsko - slovenački ; ' ' also translated " serbocroatoslovenian " ) . in practice it functioned as serbo - croatian . < ref > {{ cite book | title = entangled histories of the balkans : volume one : national ideologies and language policies | url = https : / / books . google . com / books ? id = fgmjqmflygoc & pg = pa371 | year = 2013 | publisher = koninklijke brill nv | isbn = 978 - 90 - 04 - 25076 - 5 | page = 371 | editor1 - first = rumen | editor1 - last = daskalov | editor2 - first = tchavdar | editor2 - last = marinov | chapter = language and identity : the fate of serbo - croatian | first = ronelle | last = alexander | quote = now , however , the official language of the new state , the kingdom of serbs , croats , and slovenes , bore the unwieldy name serbo - croato - slovene ( ' ' srpsko - hrvatsko - slovenački ' ' ) . }} < / ref > < ref > {{ cite book | last1 = wojciechowski | first1 = sebastian | last2 = burszta | first2 = wojciech j . | last3 = kamusella | first3 = tomasz | title = nationalisms across the globe : an overview of nationalisms in state - endowed and stateless nations | volume = 2 | url = https : / / books . google . com / books ? id = hxyuaqaaiaaj | year = 2006 | publisher = school of humanities and journalism | isbn = 978 - 83 - 87653 - 46 - 0 | page = 79 | quote = similarly , the 1921 constitution declared serbocroatoslovenian as the official and national language of the kingdom of serbs , croats , and slovenians . }} < / ref > | | footnote _ b = {{ note | ksv }} {{ kosovo - note }} }} ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ serbo - croatian language | serbo | ||
| 820074810 | 0 | > {{ small | ( 1918 – 1920 ) }} < br / > [[ yugoslav dinar ]] < br / > {{ small | ( 1920 – 1992 ) }} | | today = {{ flag | serbia }} < br / > {{ flag | croatia }} < br / > {{ flag | bosnia and herzegovina }} < br / > {{ flag | montenegro }} < br / > {{ flag | slovenia }} < br / > {{ flag | macedonia }} < br / > {{ flag | kosovo }} {{ ref label | ksv | b | } } | | footnote _ a = {{ note | scs }} [[ serbo - croatian ]] and [[ slovene language | slovene ]] are separate languages , but that was not officially | |
| 820172521 | 0 | > {{ small | ( 1918 – 1920 ) }} < br / > [[ yugoslav dinar ]] < br / > {{ small | ( 1920 – 1992 ) }} | | today = {{ flag | serbia }} < br / > {{ flag | croatia }} < br / > {{ flag | bosnia and herzegovina }} < br / > {{ flag | montenegro }} < br / > {{ flag | slovenia }} < br / > {{ flag | macedonia }} < br / > {{ flag | kosovo }} {{ ref label | ksv | b | } } | | footnote _ a = {{ note | scs }} [[ serbo - croatian ]] and [[ slovene language | slovene ]] are separate languages , but that was not officially | |
| 820519392 | 0 | ( 1992 - 1998 ) . svg | s5 = serbia and montenegro {{ ! }} federal republic of yugoslavia | flag _ s5 = flag of fr yugoslavia . svg | | | | image _ flag = flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | flag _ type = flag ( 1945 - 1992 ) | flag _ border = | image _ coat | |
| 824490818 | 3 | s4 = republic of bosnia and herzegovina {{ ! }} bosnia and herzegovina | flag _ s4 = flag of bosnia and herzegovina ( 1992 - 1998 ) . svg | | s5 = serbia and montenegro {{ ! }} federal republic of yugoslavia | thumb | | flag _ s5 = flag of fr yugoslavia . svg | image _ flag = flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | flag _ type = flag ( 1945 – |
| 833505917 | 1 | [[ file : flag of the kingdom of yugoslavia . svg | 120px ]] < br > < br > [[ file : flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | 120px | | border | ]] | flag _ type = flag | flag _ border = | image _ coat = [[ file : coat of arms of the kingdom of yugoslavia . svg | | |
| 845946945 | 0 | . svg | 120px | border ]] | image _ flag2 = [[ file : flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | 120px | border ]] | flag _ type = | top : | flag | flag _ border = | image _ coat = [[ file : coat of arms of the kingdom of yugoslavia . svg | 70px ]] [[ file : grb | |
| 1 | svg | 120px | border ]] | image _ flag2 = [[ file : flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | 120px | border ]] | flag _ type = flag | ( pre - 1945 ) < br / > bottom : flag ( post - 1945 ) | | flag _ border = | image _ coat = [[ file : coat of arms of the kingdom of yugoslavia . svg | 70px ]] [[ file : grb jugoslavije | ||
| 845969538 | 3 | yugoslavia . svg | 120px | border ]] | flag _ type = top : flag ( pre - 1945 ) < br / > bottom : flag ( post - | 1945 | 1992 | ) | flag _ border = | image _ coat = [[ file : coat of arms of the kingdom of yugoslavia . svg | 70px ]] [[ file : grb |
| 846863177 | 1 | = 1918 – 1992 | p1 = kingdom of serbia | flag _ p1 = state flag of serbia ( 1882 - 1918 ) . svg | p2 = state of | slovenes , croats and serbs | montenegro | | flag _ p2 = flag of the state of slovenes , croats and serbs . svg | s1 = croatia | flag _ s1 = flag of croatia . svg |
| 846864398 | 6 | languages = | government _ type = [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ( 1918 – 45 ) < br / > [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( 1945 – | 92 | 1992 | ) | title _ leader = [[ list of presidents of czechoslovakia | president ]] | leader1 = | year _ leader1 = | event _ start = [[ creation of |
| 847130150 | 0 | yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} {{ infobox former country | conventional _ long _ name = yugoslavia | ( 1929 & ndash ; 1992 ) | | native _ name = | common _ name = yugoslavia | continent = europe | era = 20th century | region = southeastern europe | life _ span = 1918 | |
| 847130224 | 3 | _ long _ name = yugoslavia ( 1929 & ndash ; 1992 ) - - - - kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ( 1918 & ndash ; 1929 ) | < / small > | | native _ name = | common _ name = yugoslavia | continent = europe | era = 20th century | region = southeastern europe | life _ span = 1918 | |
| 847902924 | 0 | = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} {{ infobox former country | conventional _ long _ name = | kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes < small > ( 1918 & ndash ; 1929 ) < / small > | | native _ name = | common _ name = yugoslavia | continent = europe | era = 20th century | region = southeastern europe | life _ span = 1918 | |
| 857344426 | 0 | move - indef }} {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} {{ infobox former country | conventional _ long _ name = yugoslavia | native _ name = | југославија < br > {{ small | ' ' jugoslavija ' ' }} | | common _ name = yugoslavia | continent = europe | era = 20th century | region = southeastern europe | life _ span = 1918 – 1941 < br / | |
| 2 | ndash ; 1992 ) < br / > [[ file : united states navy band - hey , slavs . ogg ]] | capital = [[ belgrade ]] | demonym = | [[ yugoslavs ]] | | common _ languages = | government _ type = [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ( 1918 – 1941 ) < br / > [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] | ||
| 3 | ; 1992 ) < br / > [[ file : united states navy band - hey , slavs . ogg ]] | capital = [[ belgrade ]] | demonym = | | common | official | _ languages = | government _ type = [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ( 1918 – 1941 ) < br / > [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( 1945 | |
| 4 | br / > [[ file : united states navy band - hey , slavs . ogg ]] | capital = [[ belgrade ]] | demonym = | common _ languages = | [[ serbo - croatian ]] < br > [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] < br > [[ slovene language | slovene ]] | | government _ type = [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ( 1918 – 1941 ) < br / > [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( 1945 – 1992 ) | ||
| 8 | 1 december | year _ start = 1918 | event1 = [[ invasion of yugoslavia | axis invasion ]] | date _ event1 = 6 april 1941 | event2 = [[ | abolition of monarchy | united nations charter | admitted ]] to the [[ united nations | un | ]] | date _ event2 = 29 november 1945 | event _ end = [[ breakup of yugoslavia | disintegration ]] | date _ end = 27 april | year _ | |
| 9 | event1 = [[ invasion of yugoslavia | axis invasion ]] | date _ event1 = 6 april 1941 | event2 = [[ abolition of monarchy ]] | date _ event2 = | 29 november | 24 october | 1945 | event _ end = [[ breakup of yugoslavia | disintegration ]] | date _ end = 27 april | year _ end = 1992 | stat _ year1 = | |
| 857748479 | 4 | svg | 120px | border ]] | flag _ type = top : flag ( 1918 – 1941 ) < br / > bottom : flag ( 1945 – 1992 ) | [[ emblem of yugoslavia | emblem ]] < small > | | flag _ border = | image _ coat = [[ file : coat of arms of the kingdom of yugoslavia . svg | 70px ]] [[ file : grb jugoslavije |
| left_string | del_string | ins_string | right_string | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 166802788 | 0 | 300px | right | map showing [[ kingdom of yugoslavia # internal divisions | banovinas ]] in 1929 ]] = = = king alexander ' s conquest = = = king | [ | [[ | alexander i of yugoslavia | king alexander i ]] banned national political parties in 1929 , assumed executive power and renamed the country yugoslavia . he hoped to curb separatist tendencies |
| 173768457 | 0 | | right | map showing [[ kingdom of yugoslavia # internal divisions | banovinas ]] in 1929 ]] = = = king alexander ' s conquest = = = king [[ | alexander | bingbing bongabonga | i of yugoslavia | alexander i ]] banned national political parties in 1929 , assumed executive power and renamed the country yugoslavia . he hoped to curb separatist tendencies and mitigate |
| 173768486 | 0 | | right | map showing [[ kingdom of yugoslavia # internal divisions | banovinas ]] in 1929 ]] = = = king alexander ' s conquest = = = king [[ | bingbing bongabonga | alexander | i of yugoslavia | bingbing bongabonga i ]] banned national political parties in 1929 , assumed executive power and renamed the country yugoslavia . he hoped to curb separatist tendencies and |
| 257423127 | 0 | , croats , and slovenes election , 1923 | election 1923 ]] * [[ treaty of rome , 1924 ]] * assassination of [[ stjepan radić ]] = = = king | alexander ' s | nick daskalous | period = = = king [[ alexander i of yugoslavia | alexander i ]] banned national political parties in 1929 , assumed executive power and renamed the country yugoslavia . he |
| 1 | election 1923 ]] * [[ treaty of rome , 1924 ]] * assassination of [[ stjepan radić ]] = = = king alexander ' s period = = = king [[ | alexander | nick daskalou | i of yugoslavia | alexander i ]] banned national political parties in 1929 , assumed executive power and renamed the country yugoslavia . he hoped to curb separatist tendencies and mitigate | |
| 257427712 | 0 | , croats , and slovenes election , 1923 | election 1923 ]] * [[ treaty of rome , 1924 ]] * assassination of [[ stjepan radić ]] = = = king | nick daskalous | alexander ' s | period = = = king [[ nick daskalou i of yugoslavia | daskalou i ]] banned national political parties in 1929 , assumed executive power and renamed the country yugoslavia . |
| 1 | | election 1923 ]] * [[ treaty of rome , 1924 ]] * assassination of [[ stjepan radić ]] = = = king nick daskalous period = = = king [[ | nick daskalou | alexander | i of yugoslavia | daskalou i ]] banned national political parties in 1929 , assumed executive power and renamed the country yugoslavia . he hoped to curb separatist tendencies and mitigate | |
| 279272883 | 2 | election 1923 ]] * [[ treaty of rome , 1924 ]] * assassination of [[ stjepan radić ]] = = = king alexander ' s period = = = king [[ | alexander i of yugoslavia | alexander i ]] banned national political parties in 1929 , assumed executive power and renamed the country yugoslavia . he hoped to curb separatist tendencies and mitigate nationalist passions . however , alexander ' s policies later encountered opposition from other european powers stemming from developments in italy and germany , where [[ fascism | fascists ]] and [[ nazism | nazis ]] rose to power , and the [[ soviet union ]] , where [[ joseph stalin | stalin ]] became absolute ruler . none of these three regimes favored the policy pursued by alexander i . in fact , italy and germany wanted to revise the international treaties signed after world war i , and the soviets were determined to regain their positions in europe and pursue a more active international policy . alexander attempted to create a genuine yugoslavia . he decided to abolish yugoslavia ' s historic regions , and new internal boundaries were drawn for provinces or banovinas . the banovinas were named after | rivers . many politicians were jailed or kept under tight police surveillance . the effect of alexander ' s dictatorship was to further alienate the non - serbs from the idea | |
| 279273471 | 2 | rest of europe ) ; in 1929 it was formally renamed the " kingdom of yugoslavia " . = = = king alexander ' s period = = = king [[ | alexander i of yugoslavia | alexander i ]] banned national political parties in 1929 , assumed executive power and renamed the country yugoslavia . he hoped to curb separatist tendencies and mitigate nationalist passions . however , alexander ' s policies later encountered opposition from other european powers stemming from developments in italy and germany , where [[ fascism | fascists ]] and [[ nazism | nazis ]] rose to power , and the [[ soviet union ]] , where [[ joseph stalin | stalin ]] became absolute ruler . none of these three regimes favored the policy pursued by alexander i . in fact , italy and germany wanted to revise the international treaties signed after world war i , and the soviets were determined to regain their positions in europe and pursue a more active international policy . alexander attempted to create a genuine yugoslavia . he decided to abolish yugoslavia ' s historic regions , and new internal boundaries were drawn for provinces or banovinas . the banovinas were named after | rivers . many politicians were jailed or kept under tight police surveillance . the effect of alexander ' s dictatorship was to further alienate the non - serbs from the idea | |
| 318104845 | 0 | = = yugoslavia was formed after [[ world war i ]] as what was commonly called at the time a " [[ versailles ]] state " . = = = king | alexander ' s | bob the sex god | period = = = king [[ alexander i of yugoslavia | alexander i ]] banned national political parties in 1929 , assumed executive power and renamed the country yugoslavia . he |
| 318104960 | 0 | = = yugoslavia was formed after [[ world war i ]] as what was commonly called at the time a " [[ versailles ]] state " . = = = king | bob the sex god | alexander ' s | period = = = king [[ alexander i of yugoslavia | alexander i ]] banned national political parties in 1929 , assumed executive power and renamed the country yugoslavia . he |
| left_string | del_string | ins_string | right_string | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 8640554 | 0 | the [[ corfu declaration ]] on [[ july 20 ]] , [[ 1917 ]] that declared their desire to form a new joint kingdom . = = first yugoslavia = = | ' ' main article : [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' | [[ image : coashs . jpg | framed | right | coat of arms of the kingdom of yugoslavia ]] the goals of the yugoslav committee were partly reached by the | |
| 8640679 | 0 | so he gained the power in post - war independent [[ communism | communist ]] state , starting as a [[ prime minister ]] . = = second yugoslavia = = | ' ' main article : [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ' ' | [[ image : prfli . jpg | thumb | 200px | marshal tito led yugoslavia from the end of world war ii until his death in 1980 . ]] on [[ | |
| 13672323 | 9 | in [[ 1945 ]] . the [[ red army ]] aided in liberating [[ belgrade ]] as well as many other territories , but withdrew after the war was over . | westerner attempts to reunite the partisans , who denied supremacy of the old government of the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , and the emigration loyal to the king , led to the [[ tito - subasic agreement | tito - & # 352 ; uba & # 353 ; i & # 263 ; agreement ]] in june [[ 1944 ]] , however tito was seen as a national hero by the citizens and so he gained the power in post - war independent [[ communism | communist ]] state , starting as a [[ prime minister ]] . = = the second yugoslavia = = ' ' main article : [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ' ' | [[ image : prfli . jpg | thumb | 200px | [[ josip broz tito | marshal tito ]] led yugoslavia from the end of [[ world war ii ]] until | |
| 22679277 | 0 | as a [[ prime minister ]] . = = the second yugoslavia = = ' ' main article : [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ' ' [[ image : | prfli | tito . marshall . post - war . j . j . | . jpg | thumb | 200px | [[ josip broz tito | marshal tito ]] led yugoslavia from the end of [[ world war ii ]] until his death in [[ |
| 33738425 | 16 | federation . autonomy of [[ vojvodina ]] and of [[ kosovo | kosovo and metohija ]] was reduced , though both entities retained a vote in the yugoslav presidency council . | as a result , milošević in effect now controlled three of the eight votes in the presidency . | [[ image : smilo . jpg | frame | left | milošević ]] in january 1990 , the extraordinary 14th congress of the [[ league of communists of yugoslavia ]] was | |
| 43290325 | 0 | state , starting as a [[ prime minister ]] . = = the second yugoslavia = = ' ' main article : [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ' ' | on [[ | ||
| 247790293 | 0 | {st@rt} {{ refimprove | date = september 2008 }} {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | | federal republic of yugoslavia | }} [[ image : locationyugoslavia2 . png | thumb | right | 300px | general location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years | |
| 247819977 | 0 | {st@rt} {{ refimprove | date = september 2008 }} {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | | federal republic of yugoslavia | }} [[ image : locationyugoslavia2 . png | thumb | right | 300px | general location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years | |
| 247935764 | 11 | before the treaties of [[ treaty of neuilly - sur - seine | neuilly ]] , [[ treaty of trianon | trianon ]] and [[ treaty of rapallo , 1920 | | rapallo | < center > [[ coat of arms of the kingdom of yugoslavia | coat of arms | ]] ]] [[ image : banovine kj . jpg | thumb | 200px | right | map showing [[ kingdom of yugoslavia # internal divisions | banovinas ]] in 1929 ]] |
| 12 | treaties of [[ treaty of neuilly - sur - seine | neuilly ]] , [[ treaty of trianon | trianon ]] and [[ treaty of rapallo , 1920 | rapallo ]] | < / center > | | right | map showing [[ kingdom of yugoslavia # internal divisions | banovinas ]] in 1929 ]] {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia }} = = = 1918 - 1928 | ||
| 15 | / jasenovac # victim _ counts < / ref > = = = yugoslav people ' s liberation war = = = {{ main | yugoslav people ' s liberation war | | invasion of yugoslavia | [[ image : sfryugoslavianumbered . png | thumb | 200px | right | numbered map of yugoslav republics and provinces . ]] on january 31 , 1946 , the new [[ | ||
| 18 | yugoslavia = = {{ main | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ image : sfryugoslavianumbered . png | thumb | 200px | right | numbered map of yugoslav republics and | autonomous | proslavatito . jpg | thumb | right | 200px | the 1968 [[ league of communists of yugoslavia ]] celebration . ]] on 7 april 1963 the nation changed its official | ||
| 26 | ) . ' ' see also : [[ enlargement of the european union ]] ' ' . < gallery caption = " flags of sfr yugoslavia and new recognized states " | perrow = 3 | . svg | [[ sfr yugoslavia ]] image : flag of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] image : flag of croatia . svg | [[ | ||
| 32 | states " > image : flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | [[ sfr yugoslavia ]] image : flag of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] | < / center > | . svg | [[ croatia ]] image : flag of macedonia . svg | [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] image : flag of montenegro . svg | [[ montenegro | ||
| 42 | treaties of [[ treaty of neuilly - sur - seine | neuilly ]] , [[ treaty of trianon | trianon ]] and [[ treaty of rapallo , 1920 | rapallo ]] | ]] | [[ image : banovine kj . jpg | thumb | 200px | right | map showing [[ kingdom of yugoslavia # internal divisions | banovinas ]] in 1929 ]] {{ main | ||
| 256387537 | 1 | . = = yugoslav wars = = [[ image : former yugoslavia wartime 1 . png | 250px | thumb | right | war in former yugoslavia , fronts in 1993 | . | ]] [[ image : former yugoslavia 2008 . png | 250px | thumb | right | countries of former yugoslavia ]] {{ main | yugoslav wars }} the war broke out | |
| 259633956 | 0 | montenegro declared their independence ' s * february 17 , 2008 , when [[ kosovo ]] unilaterally declared independence from [[ serbia ]] = = federal republic of yugoslavia = = | {{ main | federal republic of yugoslavia }} {{ | [[ image : yugoslaviamap . png | thumb | 250px | the federal republic of yugoslavia consisted of serbia and montenegro ]] the [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( fry | |
| 273577256 | 0 | . = = = breakup = = = [[ file : breakup of yugoslavia . gif | thumb | right | 250px | breakup of [[ sfr yugoslavia ]] . ]] | i loveeeeeee mikeeeee | [[ file : milosevic - 1 . jpg | thumb | 150px | right | serbian president [[ slobodan milošević ]] ' s unequivocal support for the unity of serbs and | |
| 273577328 | 0 | . = = = breakup = = = [[ file : breakup of yugoslavia . gif | thumb | right | 250px | breakup of [[ sfr yugoslavia ]] . ]] | i loveeeeeee mikeeeee | [[ file : milosevic - 1 . jpg | thumb | 150px | right | serbian president [[ slobodan milošević ]] ' s unequivocal support for the unity of serbs and | |
| 284619322 | 2 | with serbia . this resulted in the outbreak of violence and war between croats and serbs upon croatia declaring independence , which ended in ethnic cleansing of serbs from croatia . | {{ pov - statement | date = 2009 - 04 - 18 }} | ]] [[ file : alijaizetbegovic1 . jpg | thumb | 150px | right | bosnian president [[ alija izetbegović ]] pushed for independence of bosnia , claiming that he would not | |
| 286369241 | 6 | [[ file : flag of the sr macedonia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : republic - of - macedonia | - coat - of - arms | . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | 4 . [[ socialist republic of montenegro ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; | |
| 7 | center > [[ file : flag of macedonia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : republic - of - macedonia | - coat - of - arms | . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | [[ montenegro ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ podgorica ]] | ||
| 312573885 | 0 | 150px | right | serbian president [[ slobodan milošević ]] ' s unequivocal support for the unity of serbs and opposition to the autonomy of kosovo , inflamed ethnic tensions . | jebes cetnika | ]] [[ file : franjotudman . jpg | thumb | 150px | right | croatian president [[ franjo tuđman ]] refused to partition croatia on ethnic lines , which angered serb | |
| 312606479 | 0 | 150px | right | serbian president [[ slobodan milošević ]] ' s unequivocal support for the unity of serbs and opposition to the autonomy of kosovo , inflamed ethnic tensions . | jebes cetnika | ]] [[ file : franjotudman . jpg | thumb | 150px | right | croatian president [[ franjo tuđman ]] refused to partition croatia on ethnic lines , which angered serb | |
| 318046156 | 27 | | < center > [[ file : flag of sr croatia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : sr croatia | coa | . png | 40px ]] < center > | - | 3 . [[ socialist republic of macedonia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | |
| 325215046 | 0 | kosovo ]] declared independence from [[ serbia ]] = = federal republic of yugoslavia = = {{ main | federal republic of yugoslavia }} {{ see also | kosovo war }} | and then ! miran moved to danmark , and it was all good fun . cause legoland was there ! | [[ file : yugoslaviamap . png | thumb | 250px | the federal republic of yugoslavia consisted of montenegro and serbia ]] the [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( fry | |
| 325215058 | 0 | kosovo ]] declared independence from [[ serbia ]] = = federal republic of yugoslavia = = {{ main | federal republic of yugoslavia }} {{ see also | kosovo war }} | and then ! miran moved to danmark , and it was all good fun . cause legoland was there ! | [[ file : yugoslaviamap . png | thumb | 250px | the federal republic of yugoslavia consisted of montenegro and serbia ]] the [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( fry | |
| 332320748 | 1 | _ in _ holocaust / april / april _ chronology / chronology _ 1941 _ april _ 06 . html < / ref > = = yugoslavia during world war ii | - they lost | = = [[ file : stjepan filipovic . jpg | thumb | right | 200px | [[ yugoslav partisans | partisan ]] fighter [[ stjepan filipović ]] shouting " death to | |
| 332321220 | 1 | _ in _ holocaust / april / april _ chronology / chronology _ 1941 _ april _ 06 . html < / ref > = = yugoslavia during world war ii | - they lost | = = [[ file : stjepan filipovic . jpg | thumb | right | 200px | [[ yugoslav partisans | partisan ]] fighter [[ stjepan filipović ]] shouting " death to | |
| 343725873 | 3 | bosnia and herzegovina . svg | 70px ]] < / center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : bosnia and herzegovina | coats of arms modified | . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | [[ croatia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ zagreb ]] | |
| 347164096 | 5 | | right | serbian president [[ slobodan milošević ]] ' s unequivocal support for the unity of serbs and opposition to the autonomy of kosovo , inflamed ethnic tensions . ]] | {{ fixbunching | mid }} | [[ file : franjotudman . jpg | thumb | 150px | right | croatian president [[ franjo tuđman ]] refused to partition croatia on ethnic lines , which angered serb nationalists | |
| 24 | ]] which he accused the serbian government of sponsoring . the independence of bosnia was against serbs ' desire for their territory to remain in yugoslavia resulted in the bosnian war | against the [[ army of bosnia and herzegovina | arbih ]] which would see large numbers of atrocities such as genocide committed by all belligerents . karadžić is accused of sponsoring many of these incidents . photo by [[ mikhail evstafiev ]] | . ]] [[ file : former yugoslavia wartime 1 . png | 250px | thumb | right | [[ yugoslav wars ]] , fronts in 1993 . ]] [[ file : | ||
| 26 | , which ended in what many consider to have been an ethnic cleansing of serbs from a part of croatia . {{ pov - statement | date = april 2009 }} | ]] | [[ file : alijaizetbegovic1 . jpg | thumb | 150px | right | bosnian president [[ alija izetbegović ]] pushed for independence of bosnia , claiming that he would not allow | ||
| 347166295 | 1 | state he initially wished to build was both against the serbs ' desire for their territory to remain in yugoslavia , and one which would disenfranchise non - bosniaks . ]] | {{ fixbunching | mid }} | [[ file : former yugoslavia wartime 1 . png | 250px | thumb | right | [[ yugoslav wars ]] , fronts in 1993 . ]] | [[ file : former yugoslavia 2008 . png | 250px | thumb | right | state entities on the former territory of yugoslavia , 2008 . ]] {{ main | breakup |
| 2 | a status threatned by each republic breaking away from the federation , in addition to his opposition to the the albanian authorities in kosovo , further inflamed ethnic tensions . ]] | {{ fixbunching | mid }} | [[ file : franjotudman . jpg | thumb | 150px | right | croatian president [[ franjo tuđman ]] refused to partition croatia on ethnic lines , which angered the serb | ||
| 3 | wished to remain in union with serbia - proper . this resulted in the outbreak of violence and war between croats and serbs ahead of croatia ' s independence . ]] | {{ fixbunching | mid }} | [[ file : alijaizetbegovic1 . jpg | thumb | 150px | right | bosnian president [[ alija izetbegović ]] pushed for independence of bosnia , claiming that he would not allow | ||
| 347166869 | 0 | state he initially wished to build was both against the serbs ' desire for their territory to remain in yugoslavia , and one which would disenfranchise non - bosniaks . ]] | [[ file : former yugoslavia wartime 1 . png | 250px | thumb | right | [[ yugoslav wars ]] , fronts in 1993 . ]] | [[ file : former yugoslavia 2008 . png | 250px | thumb | right | state entities on the former territory of yugoslavia , 2008 . ]] {{ main | breakup | |
| 349071920 | 0 | {st@rt} {{ refimprove | date = september 2008 }} | {{ summary from | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia }} | [[ file : locationyugoslavia2 . png | thumb | right | 300px | general location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years . | |
| 375033988 | 1 | breakup = = = [[ file : breakup of yugoslavia . gif | thumb | right | 250px | breakup of [[ sfr yugoslavia ]] . ]] [[ file : milosevic | - 1 | . jpg | thumb | 150px | right | serbian president [[ slobodan milošević ]] ' s unequivocal desire to uphold the unity of serbs , a status threatened by each | |
| 400599300 | 6 | < center > [[ coat of arms of the kingdom of yugoslavia | coat of arms ]] < / center > < / gallery > [[ file : banovine kj . | jugoslavia | . jpg | thumb | 250px | right | the kingdom of yugoslavia and its [[ kingdom of yugoslavia # internal divisions | banovinas ]] in 1929 ]] {{ main | | |
| 27 | ( south ) and " slaveni " ( slavs ) . in 1929 it was formally renamed to " kingdom of yugoslavia " . = = kingdom of yugoslavia = = | < gallery align = right perrow = 6 > | file : flag of the kingdom of yugoslavia . svg | < center > [[ flag of the kingdom of yugoslavia | flag ]] < / center > file : coat | ||
| 30 | align = right perrow = 6 > file : flag of the kingdom of yugoslavia . svg | < center > [[ flag of the kingdom of yugoslavia | flag ]] | < / center > file : coat of arms of the kingdom of yugoslavia . svg | < center > [[ coat of arms of the kingdom of yugoslavia | coat of arms ]] < / center > < / gallery > | [[ file : banovine kj . jpg | thumb | 250px | right | the kingdom of yugoslavia and its [[ kingdom of yugoslavia # internal divisions | banovinas ]] in | ||
| 31 | svg | < center > [[ coat of arms of the kingdom of yugoslavia | coat of arms ]] < / center > < / gallery > [[ file : banovine | kj | . jpg | thumb | 250px | right | the kingdom of yugoslavia and its [[ kingdom of yugoslavia # internal divisions | banovinas ]] in 1929 ]] {{ main | | ||
| 402618599 | 0 | {st@rt} {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} {{ refimprove | date = september 2008 }} | {{ see also | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} | [[ file : locationyugoslavia2 . png | thumb | right | 300px | general location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years . | |
| 403964619 | 0 | | 250px | breakup of [[ sfr yugoslavia ]] . ]] [[ file : slobodan milosevic . jpg | thumb | 150px | right | serbian president [[ slobodan milošević ]] | ' s unequivocal desire to uphold the unity of serbs , a status threatened by each republic breaking away from the federation , in addition to his opposition to the albanian authorities in kosovo , further inflamed ethnic tensions . ]] | [[ file : franjotudman . jpg | thumb | 150px | right | croatian president [[ franjo tuđman ]] refused to partition croatia on ethnic lines , which angered the serb | |
| 1 | to the albanian authorities in kosovo , further inflamed ethnic tensions . ]] [[ file : franjotudman . jpg | thumb | 150px | right | croatian president [[ franjo tuđman | ]] refused to partition croatia on ethnic lines , which angered the serb population of croatia who had wished to remain in union with serbia - proper . this resulted in the outbreak of violence and war between croats and serbs ahead of croatia ' s independence . | ]] [[ file : alijaizetbegovic1 . jpg | thumb | 140px | right | bosnian president [[ alija izetbegović ]] pushed for independence of bosnia , claiming that he would not | ||
| 436091877 | 9 | actual number of dead was about 1 million . = = socialist yugoslavia = = {{ main | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ file : flag of sfr yugoslavia | yugoslavia | . svg | thumb | right | flag of socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] [[ file : sfryugoslavianumbered . png | thumb | 250px | right | republics and provinces | |
| 439457771 | 9 | [[ kosovo ]] ' ' {{ ref label | status | a | } } | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ pristina ]] | | < center > | [[ file : flag of kosovo . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | - | [[ macedonia ( country ) | macedonia ]] | style = | |
| 446485759 | 0 | yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} {{ refimprove | date = september 2008 }} {{ see also | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} | {{ for | the | [[ file : locationyugoslavia2 . png | thumb | right | 300px | general location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years . | |
| 468701811 | 21 | country ) | macedonia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ skopje ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of macedonia | 1992 - 1995 | . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of the republic of macedonia . svg | 40px ]] | |
| 52 | [[ serbia ]] ' s formal declaration of independence on 5 june . many view this as the final end of what was left of the former [[ yugoslavia ]] . | = = legacy = = {{ main | former yugoslavia }} | [[ file : former yugoslavia 2008 . png | 300px | thumb | right | states and entities on the former territory of yugoslavia , 2008 . ]] = = = | ||
| 469728921 | 10 | macedonia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ skopje ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of the republic of macedonia | 1992 - 1995 | . svg | 70px ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of the republic of macedonia 1991 - 2009 . svg | 40px | |
| 493354776 | 0 | asteroid | 1554 yugoslavia }} {{ use dmy dates | date = february 2012 }} {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} | {{ see also | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} | {{ see also | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia }} | [[ file : locationyugoslavia2 . png | thumb | right | 300px | general location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years . |
| 493757717 | 2 | sr serbia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : sr serbia | coa | . png | 40px ]] < / center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : sfry serbia . png | 60px | |
| 495585930 | 0 | asteroid | 1554 yugoslavia }} {{ use dmy dates | date = february 2012 }} {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} | {{ see also | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia }} | {{ see also | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} | [[ file : location yugoslavia . png | thumb | right | 300px | general location of yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years . ]] ' ' ' |
| 495666744 | 1 | {st@rt} {{ use dmy dates | date = february 2012 }} {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} {{ | {{ see also | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia }} | [[ file : location yugoslavia . png | thumb | right | 300px | general location of yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years . ]] ' ' ' | |
| 495668696 | 21 | asteroid | 1554 yugoslavia }} {{ use dmy dates | date = february 2012 }} {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} | {{ see also | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia }} | [[ file : locationyugoslavia2 . png | thumb | right | 300px | general location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years . | |
| 496003280 | 1 | november 1995 , [[ dayton agreement ]] is signed by leaders of fr yugoslavia , bosnia and herzegovina and croatia = = new states = = [[ file : former yugoslavia | 2008 | , 1992 | . png | 300px | thumb | right | states and entities on the former territory of yugoslavia , 2008 . ]] countries that emerged from the former yugoslavia : { |
| 496174460 | 11 | = {{ main | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ file : flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | thumb | right | flag of socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | | sfr yugoslavia | ]] [[ file : sfryugoslavianumbered . png | thumb | 250px | right | republics and provinces of yugoslavia ]] on 29 november 1945 , while still in exile , [[ | |
| 12 | {{ main | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ file : flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | thumb | right | flag of socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] | [[ file : | | image2 = | sfryugoslavianumbered . png | thumb | 250px | right | republics and provinces of yugoslavia ]] on 29 november 1945 , while still in exile , [[ king of yugoslavia | | |
| 497860108 | 0 | . this was a critical turning point in the events to follow . = = breakup = = {{ main | breakup of yugoslavia }} [[ file : breakup of yugoslavia | - try2 | . gif | thumb | right | 250px | breakup of yugoslavia ]] though the 1974 constitution reduced the power of the federal government , tito ' s authority substituted for | |
| 504594307 | 0 | - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} {{ about | the former country in the western balkans | the asteroid | 1554 yugoslavia }} | {{ refimprove | date = september 2008 }} | [[ file : location yugoslavia . png | thumb | right | 300px | general location of yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years . ]] ' ' ' | |
| 516853295 | 1 | collapse of yugoslavia in 1991 . < ref name = " atheism . about . com " / > = = = government = = = [[ file : marsal tito | bihać 1942 | . jpg | thumb | 150px | right | marshal [[ josip broz tito ]] ]] on 7 april 1963 , the nation changed its official name to [[ socialist federal | |
| 565463964 | 0 | _ april _ 06 . html ] {{ dead link | date = april 2013 }} < / ref > = = world war ii = = [[ file : stjepan | stevo | filipovic . jpg | thumb | right | 150px | [[ yugoslav partisans | partisan ]] [[ stjepan filipović ]] shouting " death to fascism , freedom to the people ! | |
| 569691392 | 4 | [[ file : flag of the sr macedonia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of macedonia | _ 1946 - 2009 | . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | [[ socialist republic of montenegro ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | | |
| 583579699 | 2 | | < center > [[ file : flag of sr slovenia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : sr slovenia | coa | . png | 40px ]] < / center > | } in 1947 , negotiations between yugoslavia and bulgaria were led and finalized with the [[ bled agreement ]] . the | |
| 583581227 | 2 | | < center > [[ file : flag of sr montenegro . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : sr montenegro | coa | . png | 40px ]] < / center > | - | [[ socialist republic of serbia ]] : {{ smaller | [[ socialist autonomous province of kosovo ]] }} : | |
| 595882815 | 1 | april _ 06 . html ] {{ dead link | date = april 2013 }} < / ref > = = world war ii = = [[ file : stjepan stevo | filipovic | _ filipović | . jpg | thumb | right | 150px | [[ yugoslav partisans | partisan ]] [[ stjepan filipović ]] shouting " death to fascism , freedom to the people ! " |
| 602484910 | 1 | }} {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} [[ file : yugoslavia | location map | ( tall ) | . svg | thumb | right | 300px | general location of yugoslavia . established with the [[ treaty of rapallo , 1920 | treaty of rapallo ]] , the western |
| 602537617 | 0 | use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} [[ file : history of yugoslavia | ( tall ) | location map | . svg | thumb | right | 300px | general location of yugoslavia . established with the [[ treaty of rapallo , 1920 | treaty of rapallo ]] , the western |
| 602538305 | 1 | }} {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} [[ file : yugoslavia | location map | ( tall ) | . svg | thumb | right | 300px | general location of yugoslavia . established with the [[ treaty of rapallo , 1920 | treaty of rapallo ]] , the western |
| 602539100 | 1 | use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} [[ file : history of yugoslavia | ( tall ) | location map | . svg | thumb | right | 300px | general location of yugoslavia . established with the [[ treaty of rapallo , 1920 | treaty of rapallo ]] , the western |
| 606080168 | 1 | }} {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} [[ file : yugoslavia | location map | . svg | thumb | right | 300px | general location of yugoslavia . established with the [[ treaty of rapallo , 1920 | treaty of rapallo ]] , the western | |
| 623264024 | 0 | use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} [[ file : history of yugoslavia | location map | . svg | thumb | right | 300px | general location of yugoslavia . established with the [[ treaty of rapallo , 1920 | treaty of rapallo ]] , the western | |
| 623264992 | 2 | }} {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} [[ file : yugoslavia | location map | . svg | thumb | right | 300px | general location of yugoslavia . first established with the [[ treaty of rapallo , 1920 | treaty of rapallo ]] , the | |
| 623267203 | 0 | use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} [[ file : history of yugoslavia | location map | . svg | thumb | right | 300px | general location of yugoslavia . first established with the [[ treaty of rapallo , 1920 | treaty of rapallo ]] , the | |
| 656901506 | 36 | independence ! ! public holiday used to celebrate independence | - | [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] | [[ sarajevo ]] | style = " width : 6em ; " | | < center > | [[ file : flag of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center | |
| 39 | center > [[ file : flag of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | | < center > | [[ file : coat of arms of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | 1 march 1992 | 6 april 1992 {{ citation needed | | ||
| 45 | | 25 june 1991 | 8 october 1991 {{ citation needed | date = august 2014 }} | 25 june | - | [[ kosovo ]] | [[ pristina ]] | | < center > | [[ file : flag of kosovo . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of kosovo . svg | ||
| 665159797 | 1 | }} {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} [[ file : yugoslavia | location map | ( tall ) | . svg | thumb | right | 300px | general location of yugoslavia . first established with the [[ treaty of rapallo , 1920 | treaty of rapallo ]] , the |
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| 685103535 | 1 | }} {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} [[ file : yugoslavia | location map | ( tall ) | . svg | thumb | right | 300px | general location of yugoslavia . first established with the [[ treaty of rapallo , 1920 | treaty of rapallo ]] , the |
| 685168696 | 0 | use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} [[ file : history of yugoslavia | ( tall ) | location map | . svg | thumb | right | 300px | general location of yugoslavia . first established with the [[ treaty of rapallo , 1920 | treaty of rapallo ]] , the |
| 685189142 | 1 | }} {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} [[ file : yugoslavia | location map | ( tall ) | . svg | thumb | right | 300px | general location of yugoslavia . first established with the [[ treaty of rapallo , 1920 | treaty of rapallo ]] , the |
| 685194407 | 0 | use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} [[ file : history of yugoslavia | ( tall ) | location map | . svg | thumb | right | 300px | general location of yugoslavia . first established with the [[ treaty of rapallo , 1920 | treaty of rapallo ]] , the |
| 685200317 | 1 | }} {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} [[ file : yugoslavia | location map | ( tall ) | . svg | thumb | right | 300px | general location of yugoslavia . first established with the [[ treaty of rapallo , 1920 | treaty of rapallo ]] , the |
| 685264223 | 0 | use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} [[ file : history of yugoslavia | ( tall ) | location map | . svg | thumb | right | 300px | general location of yugoslavia . first established with the [[ treaty of rapallo , 1920 | treaty of rapallo ]] , the |
| 685357030 | 1 | }} {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} [[ file : yugoslavia | location map | ( tall ) | . svg | thumb | right | 300px | general location of yugoslavia . first established with the [[ treaty of rapallo , 1920 | treaty of rapallo ]] , the |
| 685369118 | 1 | use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} [[ file : history of yugoslavia | ( tall ) | location map | . svg | thumb | right | 300px | general location of yugoslavia . first established with the [[ treaty of rapallo , 1920 | treaty of rapallo ]] , the |
| 685373368 | 1 | }} {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} [[ file : yugoslavia | location map | ( tall ) | . svg | thumb | right | 300px | general location of yugoslavia . first established with the [[ treaty of rapallo , 1920 | treaty of rapallo ]] , the |
| 685440379 | 1 | use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} [[ file : history of yugoslavia | ( tall ) | location map | . svg | thumb | right | 300px | general location of yugoslavia . first established with the [[ treaty of rapallo , 1920 | treaty of rapallo ]] , the |
| 716053999 | 0 | atmosphere of social despair and hopelessness . this was a critical turning point in the events to follow . = = breakup = = {{ main | breakup of yugoslavia }} | {{ unreferenced | section | date = april 2016 }} | [[ file : breakup of yugoslavia - try2 . gif | thumb | right | 250px | breakup of yugoslavia ]] though the 1974 constitution reduced the power of the federal | |
| 771441169 | 1 | grb jugoslavije . svg | symbol = emblem of yugoslavia | symbol _ type = emblem {{ small | ( 1963 - 1992 ) }} | image _ map = yugoslavia | location map | . svg | image _ map _ caption = general location of yugoslavia over the years . | | capital = [[ belgrade ]] | national _ motto = ' ' | |
| 772700542 | 0 | . svg | symbol = emblem of yugoslavia | symbol _ type = emblem {{ small | ( 1963 - 1992 ) }} | image _ map = history of yugoslavia | location map | . svg | image _ map _ caption = general location of yugoslavia over the years . | | capital = [[ belgrade ]] | national _ motto = ' ' | |
| 772711783 | 1 | }} {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} [[ file : yugoslavia | location map | . svg | thumb | right | 300px | general location of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( {{ lang - sh | jugoslavija }} / југославија | |
| 772785166 | 0 | pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} [[ file : history of yugoslavia | location map | . svg | thumb | right | 300px | general location of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( {{ lang - sh | jugoslavija }} / југославија | |
| 800786935 | 1 | }} {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} [[ file : yugoslavia | location map | . svg | thumb | right | 300px | general location of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( {{ lang - sh | jugoslavija / }} југославија | |
| 805871944 | 0 | semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} [[ file : history _ of _ yugoslavia | location map | . svg | thumb | right | 300px | general location of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( {{ lang - sh | jugoslavija / }} југославија | |
| 806401115 | 1 | }} {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} [[ file : yugoslavia | location map | . svg | thumb | right | 300px | general location of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( {{ lang - sh | jugoslavija / }} југославија | |
| 806485974 | 0 | semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} [[ file : history _ of _ yugoslavia | location map | . svg | thumb | right | 300px | general location of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( {{ lang - sh | jugoslavija / }} југославија | |
| 818932945 | 1 | image _ flag = [[ file : flag of the kingdom of yugoslavia . svg | 120px ]] < br > < br > [[ file : flag of sfr yugoslavia | . svg | 120px ]] < br > < br > [[ file : flag of serbia and montenegro | . svg | 120px ]] | flag _ type = flag | flag _ border = | image _ coat = [[ file : coat of arms of the kingdom of | |
| 4 | of yugoslavia . svg | 70px ]] [[ file : grb jugoslavije . svg | 70px ]] | symbol = | symbol _ type = | image _ map = yugoslavia | location | . svg | image _ | map . svg | image _ map _ caption = | latd = | latm = | latns = n | longd = | longm = | longew = e | | |
| 819799425 | 5 | image _ flag = [[ file : flag of the kingdom of yugoslavia . svg | 120px ]] < br > < br > [[ file : flag of sfr yugoslavia | . svg | 120px ]] < br > < br > [[ file : flag of serbia and montenegro | . svg | 120px ]] | flag _ type = flag | flag _ border = | image _ coat = [[ file : coat of arms of the kingdom of | |
| 819802470 | 5 | title = member states | publisher = united nations }} < / ref > | - | [[ serbia ]] | [[ belgrade ]] | [[ file : flag of serbia | and montenegro | . svg | 70px | border ]] | [[ file : coat of arms of serbia . svg | 40px ]] | {{ dts | 5 june 2006 }} < ref | |
| 6 | | [[ serbia ]] | [[ belgrade ]] | [[ file : flag of serbia . svg | 70px | border ]] | [[ file : coat of arms of serbia | and montenegro | . svg | 40px ]] | {{ dts | 5 june 2006 }} < ref name = " jurist " > {{ cite web | url = http : / / | ||
| 819803699 | 0 | ]] | [[ skopje ]] | [[ file : flag of macedonia . svg | 70px | border ]] | [[ file : coat of arms of the republic of macedonia | ( 1946 - 2009 ) | . svg | 40px ]] | {{ dts | 8 september 1991 }} | {{ dts | 08 04 1993 }} | - | [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] | [[ | |
| 824490818 | 4 | | flag _ s4 = flag of bosnia and herzegovina ( 1992 - 1998 ) . svg | s5 = serbia and montenegro {{ ! }} federal republic of yugoslavia | | flag _ s5 = flag of fr yugoslavia . svg | image _ flag = flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | flag _ type = flag ( 1945 – 1992 ) | flag _ border = | image _ coat = grb jugoslavije . svg | symbol _ type = emblem ( 1963 – 1992 ) | symbol _ type _ article = emblem of yugoslavia | image _ map = yugoslavia location map . svg | right | | image _ map _ caption = | latd = | latm = | latns = | longd = | longm = | longew = | national _ motto = | |
| 845716673 | 0 | _ s5 = flag of fr yugoslavia . svg | | image _ flag = [[ file : flag of the kingdom of yugoslavia . svg | 120px | border ]] | < br > < br > | | image _ flag2 = | [[ file : flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | 120px | border ]] | flag _ type = flag | flag _ border = | image _ coat = [[ |
| 846863177 | 3 | state flag of serbia ( 1882 - 1918 ) . svg | p2 = state of slovenes , croats and serbs | flag _ p2 = flag of the state of | slovenes , croats and serbs | fiume | flag _ p7 = flag of the free state of fiume | . svg | s1 = croatia | flag _ s1 = flag of croatia . svg | s2 = slovenia | flag _ s2 = flag of slovenia . svg | |
| 858648603 | 0 | republic of slovenia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ ljubljana ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of sr slovenia | ( 1945 - 1991 ) | . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of the socialist republic of slovenia . svg | 40px |
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| 19346610 | 0 | . net - covering wars in former yugoslavia ] * [ http : / / www . ohr . int / ohr - info / maps / maps ] * [ | http : / / www . balkan - archive . org . yu / politics / war in former yugoslavia ] ( pictures of the hidden side of the war that nobody wants to show , etc . ) * [ | http : / / www . slobodnajugoslavija . com / slobodna jugoslavija ] {{ commons | yugoslavia }} [[ category : yugoslavia | * ]] [[ category : former countries ]] | |
| 19347607 | 0 | . net - covering wars in former yugoslavia ] * [ http : / / www . ohr . int / ohr - info / maps / maps ] * [ | http : / / www . balkan - archive . org . yu / politics / war in former yugoslavia ] ( pictures of the hidden side of the war that nobody wants to show , etc . ) * [ | http : / / www . slobodnajugoslavija . com / slobodna jugoslavija ] {{ commons | yugoslavia }} [[ category : yugoslavia | * ]] [[ category : former countries ]] | |
| 29417166 | 0 | . net - covering wars in former yugoslavia ] * [ http : / / www . ohr . int / ohr - info / maps / maps ] * [ | http : / / www . balkan - archive . org . yu / politics / war in former yugoslavia ] ( pictures of the hidden side of the war that nobody wants to show , etc . ) * [ | http : / / www . slobodnajugoslavija . com / slobodna jugoslavija ] {{ commons | yugoslavia }} [[ category : yugoslavia | ]] [[ category : former countries in europe | |
| 41324520 | 0 | ] {{ note | malcolm }} [[ noel malcolm ]] - ' ' bosnia - a short history ' ' ( macmillan , 1994 ) = = external links = = | * gil - white , francisco . : [ http : / / www . hirhome . com / yugo / milospeech . htm " how politicians , the media , and scholars lied about milosevic ' s 1989 kosovo speech " ] historical and investigative research , 2005 . | * [ http : / / www . ericdigests . org / 1995 - 2 / bosnia . htm teaching about conflict and crisis in the former yugoslavia ] * [ | |
| 41776346 | 2 | / yugo / milospeech . htm " how politicians , the media , and scholars lied about milosevic ' s 1989 kosovo speech " ] historical and investigative research , 2005 | francisco gil - white | . * [ http : / / www . ericdigests . org / 1995 - 2 / bosnia . htm teaching about conflict and crisis in the former yugoslavia ] * | |
| 3 | in ex yugoslavia region {{ commons | yugoslavia }} * [ http : / / www . royalfamily . org / the official website of the royal family of serbia ] | * [ | http : / / vlib . iue . it / history / europe / yugoslavia . html www - vl : history : yugoslavia ] [[ category : yugoslavia | ]] | ||
| 4 | ] {{ note | malcolm }} [[ noel malcolm ]] - ' ' bosnia - a short history ' ' ( macmillan , 1994 ) = = external links = = | * gil - white , francisco . : [ | http : / / www . hirhome . com / yugo / milospeech . htm " how politicians , the media , and scholars lied about milosevic ' s 1989 kosovo | ||
| 43983539 | 0 | , and scholars lied about milosevic ' s 1989 kosovo speech " ] ' ' [[ historical and investigative research ]] ' ' 2005 francisco gil - white . * [ | http : / / www . hirhome . com / yugo / ihralija1 . htm what really happened in bosnia ? ] | * [ http : / / www . vojska . net vojska . net - covering wars in former yugoslavia ] * [ http : / / www . ohr . | |
| 1 | family of serbia ] * [ http : / / vlib . iue . it / history / europe / yugoslavia . html www - vl : history : yugoslavia ] | * [ | http : / / digital . library . unt . edu / govdocs / crs / search . tkl ? q = yugoslavia & search _ crit = subject & search | ||
| 44050992 | 0 | francisco gil - white . * [ http : / / www . hirhome . com / yugo / ihralija1 . htm what really happened in bosnia ? ] * [ | http : / / www . hirhome . com / yugo / kosovo . htm the serbs were not oppressing the albanians ] | * [ http : / / www . vojska . net vojska . net - covering wars in former yugoslavia ] * [ http : / / www . ohr . | |
| 1 | family of serbia ] * [ http : / / vlib . iue . it / history / europe / yugoslavia . html www - vl : history : yugoslavia ] | * [ | http : / / digital . library . unt . edu / govdocs / crs / search . tkl ? q = yugoslavia & search _ crit = subject & search | ||
| 44099373 | 0 | , and scholars lied about milosevic ' s 1989 kosovo speech " ] ' ' [[ historical and investigative research ]] ' ' 2005 francisco gil - white . * [ | http : / / www . hirhome . com / yugo / ihralija1 . htm what really happened in bosnia ? ] | * [ http : / / www . hirhome . com / yugo / kosovo . htm the serbs were not oppressing the albanians ] * [ http : / / | |
| 1 | francisco gil - white . * [ http : / / www . hirhome . com / yugo / ihralija1 . htm what really happened in bosnia ? ] * [ | http : / / www . hirhome . com / yugo / kosovo . htm the serbs were not oppressing the albanians ] | * [ http : / / www . ericdigests . org / 1995 - 2 / bosnia . htm teaching about conflict and crisis in the former yugoslavia ] * [ | ||
| 2 | in ex yugoslavia region {{ commons | yugoslavia }} * [ http : / / www . royalfamily . org / the official website of the royal family of serbia ] | * [ | http : / / vlib . iue . it / history / europe / yugoslavia . html www - vl : history : yugoslavia ] * [ http : / / | ||
| 3 | family of serbia ] * [ http : / / vlib . iue . it / history / europe / yugoslavia . html www - vl : history : yugoslavia ] | * [ | http : / / digital . library . unt . edu / govdocs / crs / search . tkl ? q = yugoslavia & search _ crit = subject & search | ||
| 44309697 | 8 | of europe ]] * [[ yugoslav wars | wars of yugoslav succession ]] * [[ alexander , crown prince of yugoslavia ]] = = references = = * {{ loc }} | - | – | [ http : / / lcweb2 . loc . gov / frd / cs / yutoc . html yugoslavia ] {{ note | malcolm }} [[ noel malcolm ]] - ' |
| 44514555 | 0 | note | malcolm }} [[ noel malcolm ]] – ' ' bosnia – a short history ' ' ( macmillan , 1994 ) = = external links = = * [ | http : / / wwww . southslavs . com the origin of the south slavs ] | * [ http : / / www . ericdigests . org / 1995 - 2 / bosnia . htm teaching about conflict and crisis in the former yugoslavia ] * [ | |
| 1 | family of serbia ] * [ http : / / vlib . iue . it / history / europe / yugoslavia . html www - vl : history : yugoslavia ] | * [ | http : / / digital . library . unt . edu / govdocs / crs / search . tkl ? q = yugoslavia & search _ crit = subject & search | ||
| 44939490 | 0 | crit = subject & search = search & date1 = anytime & date2 = anytime & type = form congressional research service ( crs ) reports regarding yugoslavia ] * [ | http : / / www . hirhome . com / yugo / kosovo . htm " the serbs were not oppressing the kosovo albanians " ] * [ | http : / / www . hirhome . com / yugo / ihralija1 . htm " what really happened in bosnia ? " ] [[ category : yugoslavia | ]] [[ | |
| 47183239 | 0 | cs / yutoc . html yugoslavia ] {{ note | malcolm }} [[ noel malcolm ]] – ' ' bosnia – a short history ' ' ( macmillan , 1994 ) | = = external links = = * [ http | - - [[ user | : / / www . southslavs . com the origin of the south slavs ] * [ http : / / www . hirhome . com / yugo / milospeech . |
| 3 | – ' ' bosnia – a short history ' ' ( macmillan , 1994 ) = = external links = = * [ http : / / www . southslavs . | com the origin of the south slavs ] * [ http | 68 . 26 | 70 . 157 . 68 . 26 ]] 01 | : / / www . hirhome . com / yugo / milospeech . htm " how politicians , the media , and scholars lied about milosevic ' s 1989 kosovo speech | |
| 47561201 | 0 | ( macmillan , 1994 ) = = external links = = * [ http : / / www . southslavs . com the origin of the south slavs ] * [ | http : / / www . tenc . net / yugo . htm a library of analysis and documents refuting the standard media view of what happened in yugoslavia ] from emperor ' s clothes | * [ http : / / www . ericdigests . org / 1995 - 2 / bosnia . htm teaching about conflict and crisis in the former yugoslavia ] * [ | |
| 1 | family of serbia ] * [ http : / / vlib . iue . it / history / europe / yugoslavia . html www - vl : history : yugoslavia ] | * [ | http : / / digital . library . unt . edu / govdocs / crs / search . tkl ? q = yugoslavia & search _ crit = subject & search | ||
| 49792052 | 1 | family of serbia ] * [ http : / / vlib . iue . it / history / europe / yugoslavia . html www - vl : history : yugoslavia ] | * [ | http : / / digital . library . unt . edu / govdocs / crs / search . tkl ? q = yugoslavia & search _ crit = subject & search | |
| 50040357 | 0 | note | malcolm }} [[ noel malcolm ]] – ' ' bosnia – a short history ' ' ( macmillan , 1994 ) = = external links = = * [ | http : / / www . southslavs . com the origin of the south slavs ] | * [ http : / / www . tenc . net / yugo . htm a library of analysis and documents refuting the standard media view of what happened in yugoslavia | |
| 1 | family of serbia ] * [ http : / / vlib . iue . it / history / europe / yugoslavia . html www - vl : history : yugoslavia ] | * [ | http : / / digital . library . unt . edu / govdocs / crs / search . tkl ? q = yugoslavia & search _ crit = subject & search | ||
| 65111870 | 3 | un security council resolution 721 ]] on [[ november 27 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , which paved the way to the establishment of [[ peacekeeping ]] operations in yugoslavia . | [ | < ref > {{ cite web | url = | http : / / www . nato . int / ifor / un / u911127a . htm ] in [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] in november 1991 , the bosnian serbs |
| 70597055 | 0 | tenc . net / yugo . htm a library of analysis and documents refuting the standard media view of what happened in yugoslavia ] from emperor ' s clothes * [ | http : / / www . hirhome . com / yugo / milospeech . htm " how politicians , the media , and scholars lied about milošević ' s 1989 kosovo speech " ] ' ' [[ historical and investigative research ]] ' ' 2005 francisco gil - white . | * [ http : / / www . ericdigests . org / 1995 - 2 / bosnia . htm teaching about conflict and crisis in the former yugoslavia ] * [ | |
| 1 | search _ crit = subject & search = search & date1 = anytime & date2 = anytime & type = form congressional research service ( crs ) reports regarding yugoslavia ] | * [ | http : / / news . bbc . co . uk / go / pr / fr / - / 1 / hi / world / europe / 4997380 . stm | ||
| 104931749 | 0 | * [ http : / / www . ericdigests . org / 1995 - 2 / bosnia . htm teaching about conflict and crisis in the former yugoslavia ] * [ | http : / / www . vojska . net vojska . net – covering wars in former yugoslavia ] | * [ http : / / www . ohr . int / ohr - info / maps / maps ] * [ http : / / www . slobodnajugoslavija . com | |
| 1 | search _ crit = subject & search = search & date1 = anytime & date2 = anytime & type = form congressional research service ( crs ) reports regarding yugoslavia ] | * [ | http : / / news . bbc . co . uk / go / pr / fr / - / 1 / hi / world / europe / 4997380 . stm | ||
| 118201560 | 0 | guides , london , 2006 * misha glenny : ' ' the fall of yugoslavia : the third balkan war ' ' , isbn 0 - 14 - 026101 - x | * | * [ | http : / / www . time . com / time / magazine / article / 0 , 9171 , 796967 , 00 . html , monday , dec . 04 |
| 124198398 | 0 | loc }} – [ http : / / lcweb2 . loc . gov / frd / cs / yutoc . html yugoslavia ] = = external links = = * [ | http : / / www . tenc . net / yugo . htm a library of analysis and documents refuting the standard media view of what happened in yugoslavia ] from emperor ' s clothes | * [ http : / / www . ericdigests . org / 1995 - 2 / bosnia . htm teaching about conflict and crisis in the former yugoslavia ] * [ | |
| 1 | search _ crit = subject & search = search & date1 = anytime & date2 = anytime & type = form congressional research service ( crs ) reports regarding yugoslavia ] | * [ | http : / / news . bbc . co . uk / go / pr / fr / - / 1 / hi / world / europe / 4997380 . stm | ||
| 158100448 | 0 | crit = subject & search = search & date1 = anytime & date2 = anytime & type = form congressional research service ( crs ) reports regarding yugoslavia ] * [ | http : / / www . foia . cia . gov / cpe / esau / esau - 46 . pdf yugoslavia , the outworn structure ( cia report from november 1970 ) ] * [ | http : / / news . bbc . co . uk / go / pr / fr / - / 1 / hi / world / europe / 4997380 . stm | |
| 158105237 | 4 | : / / www . foia . cia . gov / cpe / esau / esau - 46 . pdf yugoslavia , the outworn structure ( cia report from november 1970 | ) | ] * [ http : / / news . bbc . co . uk / go / pr / fr / - / 1 / hi / world / europe / | |
| 194224849 | 0 | = = * [ http : / / www . ericdigests . org / 1995 - 2 / bosnia . htm teaching about conflict and crisis in the former yugoslavia ] | this is soo stupid because it is not true because you can edit it muahahahahaha ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! | * [ http : / / www . ohr . int / ohr - info / maps / maps ] * [ http : / / www . slobodnajugoslavija . com | |
| 194224860 | 0 | = = * [ http : / / www . ericdigests . org / 1995 - 2 / bosnia . htm teaching about conflict and crisis in the former yugoslavia ] | this is soo stupid because it is not true because you can edit it muahahahahaha ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! | * [ http : / / www . ohr . int / ohr - info / maps / maps ] * [ http : / / www . slobodnajugoslavija . com | |
| 216850189 | 17 | , 1941 * white , t . : ' ' another fool in the balkans - in the footsteps of rebbecca west ' ' . cadogan guides , london , 2006 | ]] | * [ http : / / www . time . com / time / magazine / article / 0 , 9171 , 796967 , 00 . html new power ] * | |
| 24 | www . foia . cia . gov / cpe / esau / esau - 46 . pdf " yugoslavia : the outworn structure " ( cia ) report from november 1970 | ]] | ] * [ http : / / news . bbc . co . uk / go / pr / fr / - / 1 / hi / world / europe / | ||
| 219529741 | 19 | ]] * white , t . : ' ' another fool in the balkans - in the footsteps of rebbecca west ' ' . cadogan guides , london , [[ 2006 | ]] | * [ http : / / www . time . com / time / magazine / article / 0 , 9171 , 796967 , 00 . html time homepage : ' | |
| 347244560 | 1 | reflist | colwidth = 30em }} * {{ loc }} – [ http : / / lcweb2 . loc . gov / frd / cs / yutoc . html yugoslavia ] | = = = notes = = = | [ http : / / lcweb2 . loc . gov / frd / cs / yutoc . html yugoslavia ] = = further reading = = * allcock , john b | |
| 3 | footnotes for an explanation of how to generate footnotes using the < ref ( erences / ) > tags --> {{ reflist | colwidth = 30em }} * {{ loc }} | – | [ http : / / lcweb2 . loc . gov / frd / cs / yutoc . html yugoslavia ] = = further reading = = * allcock , john b | ||
| 369822130 | 0 | / 0 , 9171 , 796967 , 00 . html time homepage : ' ' new power ' ' ] = = external links = = {{ commons | yugoslavia }} | {{ wiktionary | yugoslavia }} | * [ http : / / digital . library . unt . edu / govdocs / crs / search . tkl ? q = yugoslavia & search _ crit = subject | |
| 394554278 | 1 | serbs ]] , [[ catholic ]] [[ croats ]] , and [[ muslim ]] [[ bosniaks ]] and the rise of nationalism contributed to the collapse of yugoslavia in 1991 . | name = " | http : / / atheism . about . com / library / world / kz / bl _ yugoreligiondemography . htm < / ref > after the rise of [[ communism | |
| 8 | applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004 . croatia applied for membership in 2004 . macedonia applied in 2004 , and will probably join by 2010 – 2015 . | < ref > | http : / / www . europeanvoice . com / article / 2008 / 12 / montenegro - applies - for - eu - membership / 63428 . aspx < / | ||
| 400599300 | 69 | 00 . html time homepage : ' ' new power ' ' ] = = external links = = {{ commons | yugoslavia }} {{ wiktionary | yugoslavia }} * [ | http : / / digital . library . unt . edu / govdocs / crs / search . tkl ? q = yugoslavia & search _ crit = subject & search = search & date1 = anytime & date2 = anytime & type = form congressional research service ( crs ) reports regarding yugoslavia ] | * [ http : / / vlib . iue . it / history / europe / yugoslavia . html european university institute yugoslavia ] * [ http : / / www | |
| 70 | / yugoslavia . html european university institute yugoslavia ] * [ http : / / www . ohr . int / ohr - info / maps / maps ] * [ | http : / / www . slobodnajugoslavija . com / slobodna jugoslavija ] | * [ http : / / www . ericdigests . org / 1995 - 2 / bosnia . htm teaching about conflict and crisis in the former yugoslavia ] * [ | ||
| 71 | = de & sig = ehuyv6lzcu4v7njp _ iingo90aju # ppp15 , m1 the first yugoslavia : search for a viable political system , by alex n . dragnich ] * [ | http : / / www . royalfamily . org / the official website of the royal family of serbia ] | * [ http : / / news . bbc . co . uk / go / pr / fr / - / 1 / hi / world / europe / 4997380 | ||
| 72 | . uk / go / pr / fr / - / 1 / hi / world / europe / 4997380 . stm timeline : break - up of yugoslavia at bbc | news | ] * [ http : / / entertainment . timesonline . co . uk / tol / arts _ and _ entertainment / the _ tls / article3410344 . ece " | ||
| 73 | / go / pr / fr / - / 1 / hi / world / europe / 4997380 . stm timeline : break - up of yugoslavia at bbc news ] | * [ | http : / / entertainment . timesonline . co . uk / tol / arts _ and _ entertainment / the _ tls / article3410344 . ece " where the west | ||
| 74 | ] : an article in the [ http : / / www . the - tls . co . uk tls ] by charles king about the dissolution of yugoslavia . | * [ | http : / / www . foia . cia . gov / cpe / esau / esau - 46 . pdf " yugoslavia : the outworn structure " ( [[ cia | ||
| 77 | . cia . gov / cpe / esau / esau - 46 . pdf " yugoslavia : the outworn structure " ( [[ cia ]] ) report from november 1970 ] | * | the [ http : / / chnm . gmu . edu / 1989 / exhibits / collapse / essay collapse of communist yugoslavia ] {{ yug - timeline }} [[ category | ||
| 78 | . gov / cpe / esau / esau - 46 . pdf " yugoslavia : the outworn structure " ( [[ cia ]] ) report from november 1970 ] * the | [ | http : / / chnm . gmu . edu / 1989 / exhibits / collapse / essay collapse of communist yugoslavia ] {{ yug - timeline }} [[ category : yugoslavia | ||
| 441313646 | 54 | hi / special _ report / 1998 / kosovo / 110492 . stm | title = history , bloody history | publisher = [[ bbc news ]] | date = march | 24 , | 1999 | accessdate = december 29 , 2010 }} < / ref > ) . starting in 1991 , the sfry disintegrated in the [[ yugoslav wars ]] which followed the | |
| 151 | / worldnews / idustre49780c20081008 | title = u . n . backs serbia in judicial move on kosovo & # 124 ; international | publisher = reuters | date = 2008 | - 10 - 08 | | accessdate = 2009 - 07 - 20 }} < / ref > on 22 july 2010 , the court ruled that kosovo ' s independence was not illegal . < | ||
| 449175905 | 0 | = 20 july 2009 }} < / ref > on 22 july 2010 , the court ruled that kosovo ' s independence was not illegal . < ref > {{ cite | web | news | | url = http : / / www . bbc . co . uk / news / world - europe - 10730573 | title = kosovo independence not illegal , says |
| 468701811 | 29 | july 2009 }} < / ref > on 22 july 2010 , the court ruled that kosovo ' s independence was not illegal . < ref > {{ cite web | | title = former yugoslavia patches itself together : entering the yugosphere | publisher = [[ the economist ]] | date = 2009 - 08 - 20 | | url = http : / / www . bbc . co . uk / news / world - europe - 10730573 | title = kosovo independence not illegal , says un | |
| 35 | / / www . bbc . co . uk / news / world - europe - 10730573 | title = kosovo independence not illegal , says un court | date = | 22 july 2010 | publisher = bbc news | 2009 - 09 - 28 | | accessdate = 23 july 2010 }} < / ref > = = = remaining cultural and ethnic ties = = = {{ main | yugosphere }} the similarity of the | |
| 477414777 | 0 | * [ http : / / www . ericdigests . org / 1995 - 2 / bosnia . htm teaching about conflict and crisis in the former yugoslavia ] * [ | http : / / repository . library . georgetown . edu / handle / 10822 / 552526 video on the conflict in the former yugoslavia ] from the [ https : / / repository . library . georgetown . edu / handle / 10822 / 552494 / browse ? type = title dean peter krogh foreign affairs digital archives ] | * [ http : / / news . bbc . co . uk / go / pr / fr / - / 1 / hi / world / europe / 4997380 | |
| 1 | . foia . cia . gov / cpe / esau / esau - 46 . pdf " yugoslavia : the outworn structure " [[ cia ]] report from november 1970 ] | * [ | http : / / chnm . gmu . edu / 1989 / exhibits / collapse / essay the collapse of communist yugoslavia ] {{ yug - timeline }} {{ coord | | ||
| 478217075 | 24 | influence . < ref > {{ cite web | title = former yugoslavia patches itself together : entering the yugosphere | publisher = [[ the economist ]] | date = 2009 | - 08 - 20 | | url = http : / / www . economist . com / node / 14258861 | accessdate = 2011 - 11 - 11 }} < / ref > < ref | |
| 26 | . uk / ecclblog / blogentry . aspx ? blogentryref = 7915 | publisher = the university of edinburgh school of law | author = ljubica spaskovska | date = 2009 | - 09 - 28 | | accessdate = 2011 - 11 - 11 }} < / ref > the similarity of the languages and the long history of common life have left many ties among the | ||
| 504980118 | 0 | time homepage : ' ' new power ' ' ] = = external links = = {{ commons | yugoslavia }} {{ wikiquote | yugoslavia }} {{ wiktionary | yugoslavia }} | {{ eb1922 poster }} | * [ http : / / vlib . iue . it / history / europe / yugoslavia . html european university institute yugoslavia ] * [ http : / / www | |
| 537097237 | 4 | former republics . the united nations also [[ united nations security council resolution 777 | denied its request to automatically continue the membership of the former state ]] . < ref | > {{ cite book | url | name | = http : / / www . mpil . de / shared / data / pdf / pdfmpunyb / wood _ 1 . pdf | title = max planck yearbook of |
| 551604287 | 0 | simon & schuster | isbn = 0 - 684 - 84441 - 9 | year = 1996 | page = 260 }} < / ref > < ref > {{ cite | web | news | | url = http : / / news . bbc . co . uk / 2 / hi / special _ report / 1998 / kosovo / 110492 . stm | |
| 1 | hitler ]] then decided to attack yugoslavia on 6 april 1941 , followed immediately by an invasion of greece where [[ benito mussolini | mussolini ]] had previously been repelled . | < ref > | < ref > [ | http : / / www1 . yadvashem . org . il / about _ holocaust / month _ in _ holocaust / april / april _ chronology / chronology _ 1941 | |
| 3 | serious threat to the post - war communist government ' s policies on national unity and state structure . < ref name = " atheism . about . com " > | {{ cite web | url = | http : / / atheism . about . com / library / world / kz / bl _ yugoreligiondemography . htm < / ref > after the rise of communism , | ||
| 585520810 | 0 | ' new power ' ' ] = = external links = = {{ commons | yugoslavia }} {{ wikiquote | yugoslavia }} {{ wiktionary | yugoslavia }} {{ eb1922 poster }} | * {{ wikiatlas | yugoslavia }} | * [ http : / / vlib . iue . it / history / europe / yugoslavia . html european university institute yugoslavia ] * [ http : / / www | |
| 594475714 | 15 | forced to convert to catholicism ; the victims were predominantly [[ serbs | serbians ]] but included 37 , 000 jews . < ref > {{ cite web | url = | < ref > {{ cite web | url = | http : / / www1 . yadvashem . org / odot _ pdf / microsoft % 20word % 20 - % 205930 . pdf | title = croatia | publisher = | |
| 715895448 | 1 | - on - succession - issues - 2001 / | title = yugoslav agreement on succession issues ( 2001 ) | accessdate = 14 june 2012 }} < / ref > | {{ cite web | url = | http : / / www . dipublico . com . ar / english / yugoslav - agreement - on - succession - issues - 2001 / | title = yugoslav agreement | |
| 2 | succession - issues - 2001 / | title = yugoslav agreement on succession issues ( 2001 ) | accessdate = 14 june 2012 }} < / ref > < ref > | < ref > {{ cite web | url = | http : / / www . jstor . org / discover / 10 . 2307 / 20694208 ? uid = 3738200 & uid = 2129 & uid = 2 & uid | ||
| 4 | serbian royal [[ house of karađorđević ]] became the yugoslav royal dynasty . yugoslavia gained international recognition on 13 july 1922 at the [[ conference of ambassadors ]] in paris . | < ref > | http : / / www . orderofdanilo . org / en / family / index . htm < / ref > the country was named after the [[ south slavs | | ||
| 730832904 | 0 | links = = {{ commons category | yugoslavia }} {{ wikiquote | yugoslavia }} {{ wiktionary | yugoslavia }} {{ eb1922 poster }} * {{ wikiatlas | yugoslavia }} * [ | http : / / web . archive . org / web / 20120212164932 / | http : / / www . ohr . int / ohr - info / maps / maps ] * {{ cite americana | wstitle = jugoslavia | author = milivoy s | |
| 772834084 | 0 | to attack yugoslavia on 6 april 1941 , followed immediately by an invasion of greece where [[ benito mussolini | mussolini ]] had previously been repelled . < ref > [ | http : / / arquivo . pt / wayback / 20091015085557 / | http : / / www1 . yadvashem . org . il / about _ holocaust / month _ in _ holocaust / april / april _ chronology / chronology _ 1941 | |
| 792851831 | 0 | hitler ]] then decided to attack yugoslavia on 6 april 1941 , followed immediately by an invasion of greece where [[ benito mussolini | mussolini ]] had previously been repelled . | < ref > [ | < ref > | http : / / arquivo . pt / wayback / 20091015085557 / http : / / www1 . yadvashem . org . il / about _ holocaust / month _ in |
| 2 | , 1941 * white , t . : ' ' another fool in the balkans – in the footsteps of rebbecca west ' ' . cadogan guides , london , 2006 | * [ | http : / / www . time . com / time / magazine / article / 0 , 9171 , 796967 , 00 . html time homepage : ' ' new | ||
| 810322391 | 0 | decided to attack yugoslavia on 6 april 1941 , followed immediately by an invasion of greece where [[ benito mussolini | mussolini ]] had previously been repelled . < ref > | {{ cite web | url = | http : / / arquivo . pt / wayback / 20091015085557 / http : / / www1 . yadvashem . org . il / about _ holocaust / month _ in | |
| 818985113 | 5 | * [ http : / / www . ericdigests . org / 1995 - 2 / bosnia . htm teaching about conflict and crisis in the former yugoslavia ] * [ | https : / / web . archive . org / web / 20121215042159 / | http : / / repository . library . georgetown . edu / handle / 10822 / 552526 video on the conflict in the former yugoslavia ] from the [ https : | |
| 6 | april 1941 , followed immediately by an invasion of greece where [[ benito mussolini | mussolini ]] had previously been repelled . < ref > {{ cite web | url = | http : / / arquivo . pt / wayback / 20091015085557 / | http : / / www1 . yadvashem . org . il / about _ holocaust / month _ in _ holocaust / april / april _ chronology / chronology _ 1941 | ||
| 847903009 | 1 | | title = yugoslav agreement on succession issues ( 2001 ) | accessdate = 14 june 2012 }} < / ref > < ref name = " successor agreement " > | {{ cite web | url = | https : / / www . jstor . org / discover / 10 . 2307 / 20694208 ? uid = 3738200 & uid = 2129 & uid = 2 & uid | |
| 851798527 | 0 | , 1995 * cohen , lenard j . : ' ' broken bonds : the disintegration of yugoslavia ' ' . boulder , co : westview press , 1993 * [ | https : / / web . archive . org / web / 20060627040113 / | http : / / easyweb . easynet . co . uk / conversi / german . html conversi , daniele : ' ' german - bashing and the breakup of yugoslavia | |
| 853814420 | 0 | htm serbia and montenegro ] < / ref > as they viewed its claim to yugoslavia ' s successorship as illegitimate . < ref > {{ cite web | url = | http : / / www . cia . gov : 80 / cia / publications / factbook / sr . html | archive - url = | https : / / web . archive . org / web / 20000816214535 / http : / / www . cia . gov : 80 / cia / publications / factbook | |
| 2 | go / pr / fr / - / 1 / hi / world / europe / 4997380 . stm timeline : break - up of yugoslavia at bbc ] * [ | https : / / archive . is / 20121209054358 / | http : / / entertainment . timesonline . co . uk / tol / arts _ and _ entertainment / the _ tls / article3410344 . ece " where the west |
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| 93737930 | 0 | {st@rt} {{ see also | kingdom of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ image : | locationkingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes | locationyugoslavia | . png | thumb | right | 200px | general location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years . ]] ' ' ' |
| 155361436 | 0 | {st@rt} {{ see also | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ image : | locationyugoslavia | locationyugoslavia2 | . png | thumb | right | 200px | general location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia |
| 242044969 | 0 | launch of [[ operation barbarossa ]] was delayed by four weeks , which proved to be a costly decision . ) {{ fact | date = october 2007 }} = = | yugoslavia during world war ii | lol | = = [[ image : stjepan filipovic . jpg | thumb | right | 250px | [[ yugoslav partisans | partisan ]] fighter [[ stjepan filipović | stjepan " stevo " |
| 271717517 | 0 | {st@rt} {{ refimprove | date = september 2008 }} {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ file : | locationyugoslavia2 . png | thumb | right | 300px | general location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ serbo - croatian language | serbo - croatian ]] , [[ bosnian language | bosnian ]] , [[ croatian language | croatian ]] , [[ serbian language | serbian ]] , [[ montenegrin language | montenegrin ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' ; [[ serbian cyrillic alphabet | cyrillic script ]] : југославија ; literally in english : " south slavia " or " land of [[ south slavs ]] " ) is a term that describes three political entities that existed successively on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the 20th century . the first country to be known by this name was the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , which before 3 october 1929 was known as the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes . it was established on 1 december 1918 by the union of the [[ state of slovenes , croats and serbs ]] and the [[ kingdom of serbia ]] . it was invaded by the [[ axis powers ]] in 1941 , and because of the events that followed , was officially abolished in 1945 . the second country with this name was the democratic federal yugoslavia , proclaimed in 1943 by the [[ yugoslav partisans ]] resistance movement in [[ world war ii ]] . it was renamed to the federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia in 1946 , when a communist government was established . in 1963 , it was renamed again to the [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( sfry ) . this was the largest yugoslav state , as [[ istria ]] and [[ rijeka ]] were added to the new yugoslavia after the end of world war ii . the constituent socialist republics that made up the country , were : [[ sr bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ sr croatia ]] , [[ sr macedonia ]] , [[ sr montenegro ]] , [[ sr serbia ]] ( including the [[ autonomy | autonomous ]] provinces of [[ sap vojvodina ]] and [[ sap kosovo and metohija ]] , later simply [[ sap kosovo ]] ) and [[ sr slovenia ]] . starting in 1991 , the sfry disintegrated in the [[ yugoslav wars ]] which followed the [[ secession ]] of most of the republic ' s constituent entities . | hiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii | the last country to bear the name was the [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( fry ) established on march 27 , 1992 . it was a [[ federation ]] |
| 271717824 | 0 | {st@rt} {{ refimprove | date = september 2008 }} {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ file : | hiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii | locationyugoslavia2 . png | thumb | right | 300px | general location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ serbo - croatian language | serbo - croatian ]] , [[ bosnian language | bosnian ]] , [[ croatian language | croatian ]] , [[ serbian language | serbian ]] , [[ montenegrin language | montenegrin ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' ; [[ serbian cyrillic alphabet | cyrillic script ]] : југославија ; literally in english : " south slavia " or " land of [[ south slavs ]] " ) is a term that describes three political entities that existed successively on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the 20th century . the first country to be known by this name was the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , which before 3 october 1929 was known as the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes . it was established on 1 december 1918 by the union of the [[ state of slovenes , croats and serbs ]] and the [[ kingdom of serbia ]] . it was invaded by the [[ axis powers ]] in 1941 , and because of the events that followed , was officially abolished in 1945 . the second country with this name was the democratic federal yugoslavia , proclaimed in 1943 by the [[ yugoslav partisans ]] resistance movement in [[ world war ii ]] . it was renamed to the federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia in 1946 , when a communist government was established . in 1963 , it was renamed again to the [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( sfry ) . this was the largest yugoslav state , as [[ istria ]] and [[ rijeka ]] were added to the new yugoslavia after the end of world war ii . the constituent socialist republics that made up the country , were : [[ sr bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ sr croatia ]] , [[ sr macedonia ]] , [[ sr montenegro ]] , [[ sr serbia ]] ( including the [[ autonomy | autonomous ]] provinces of [[ sap vojvodina ]] and [[ sap kosovo and metohija ]] , later simply [[ sap kosovo ]] ) and [[ sr slovenia ]] . starting in 1991 , the sfry disintegrated in the [[ yugoslav wars ]] which followed the [[ secession ]] of most of the republic ' s constituent entities . | the last country to bear the name was the [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( fry ) established on march 27 , 1992 . it was a [[ federation ]] |
| 329283670 | 3 | {st@rt} {{ refimprove | date = september 2008 }} {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ file : | locationyugoslavia2 | locationyugoslamania2 | . png | thumb | right | 300px | general location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years . ]] ' ' ' |
| 329284590 | 3 | {st@rt} {{ refimprove | date = september 2008 }} {{ main | kingdom of yugoslamania | socialist federal republic of yugoslamania | federal republic of yugoslamania }} [[ file : | locationyugoslamania2 | locationyugoslavia2 | . png | thumb | right | 300px | general location of the political entities known as yugoslamania . the precise borders varied over the years . ]] ' ' ' |
| 458313071 | 0 | - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} {{ see also | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ file : | locationyugoslavia2 | yugo3 | . png | thumb | right | 300px | general location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years . ]] ' ' ' |
| 466553797 | 0 | - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} {{ see also | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ file : | yugo3 | locationyugoslavia2 | . jpg | thumb | right | 300px | general location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years . ]] ' ' ' |
| 495579916 | 0 | yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} {{ see also | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ file : | locationyugoslavia2 | location yugoslavia | . png | thumb | right | 300px | general location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years . ]] ' ' ' |
| 495585323 | 0 | yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} {{ see also | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ file : | location yugoslavia | locationyugoslavia2 | . png | thumb | right | 300px | general location of yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years . ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( |
| 495585894 | 0 | yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} {{ see also | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ file : | locationyugoslavia2 | location yugoslavia | . png | thumb | right | 300px | general location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years . ]] ' ' ' |
| 495666744 | 2 | the asteroid | 1554 yugoslavia }} {{ see also | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} {{ refimprove | date = september 2008 }} [[ file : | location yugoslavia | locationyugoslavia2 | . png | thumb | right | 300px | general location of yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years . ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( |
| 495668696 | 2 | yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} {{ see also | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ file : | locationyugoslavia2 | location yugoslavia | . png | thumb | right | 300px | general location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years . ]] ' ' ' |
| 500698907 | 0 | - indef }} {{ about | the former country in the western balkans | the asteroid | 1554 yugoslavia }} {{ refimprove | date = september 2008 }} [[ file : | location yugoslavia | locationyugoslavia2 | . png | thumb | right | 300px | general location of yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years . ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( |
| 500700919 | 0 | - indef }} {{ about | the former country in the western balkans | the asteroid | 1554 yugoslavia }} {{ refimprove | date = september 2008 }} [[ file : | locationyugoslavia2 | location yugoslavia | . png | thumb | right | 300px | general location of yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years . ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( |
| 568190836 | 0 | yugoslavia }} {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} [[ file : | yugoslavia | location yugoslavia . png | thumb | right | 300px | general location of yugoslavia . the italian border changed after world war ii . ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' | |
| 602484910 | 0 | yugoslavia }} {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} [[ file : | history of | yugoslavia location map . svg | thumb | right | 300px | general location of yugoslavia . established with the [[ treaty of rapallo , 1920 | treaty of rapallo ]] | |
| 602537617 | 1 | yugoslavia }} {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} [[ file : | history of | yugoslavia ( tall ) . svg | thumb | right | 300px | general location of yugoslavia . established with the [[ treaty of rapallo , 1920 | treaty of rapallo | |
| 602538305 | 0 | yugoslavia }} {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} [[ file : | history of | yugoslavia location map . svg | thumb | right | 300px | general location of yugoslavia . established with the [[ treaty of rapallo , 1920 | treaty of rapallo ]] | |
| 602539100 | 2 | yugoslavia }} {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} [[ file : | history of | yugoslavia ( tall ) . svg | thumb | right | 300px | general location of yugoslavia . established with the [[ treaty of rapallo , 1920 | treaty of rapallo | |
| 606080168 | 0 | yugoslavia }} {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} [[ file : | history of | yugoslavia location map . svg | thumb | right | 300px | general location of yugoslavia . established with the [[ treaty of rapallo , 1920 | treaty of rapallo ]] | |
| 623264024 | 1 | yugoslavia }} {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} [[ file : | history of | yugoslavia . svg | thumb | right | 300px | general location of yugoslavia . established with the [[ treaty of rapallo , 1920 | treaty of rapallo ]] , the | |
| 623264992 | 1 | yugoslavia }} {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} [[ file : | history of | yugoslavia location map . svg | thumb | right | 300px | general location of yugoslavia . first established with the [[ treaty of rapallo , 1920 | treaty of rapallo | |
| 623267203 | 2 | yugoslavia }} {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} [[ file : | history of | yugoslavia . svg | thumb | right | 300px | general location of yugoslavia . first established with the [[ treaty of rapallo , 1920 | treaty of rapallo ]] , | |
| 665159797 | 0 | yugoslavia }} {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} [[ file : | history of | yugoslavia location map . svg | thumb | right | 300px | general location of yugoslavia . first established with the [[ treaty of rapallo , 1920 | treaty of rapallo | |
| 685076049 | 1 | yugoslavia }} {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} [[ file : | history of | yugoslavia ( tall ) . svg | thumb | right | 300px | general location of yugoslavia . first established with the [[ treaty of rapallo , 1920 | treaty of | |
| 685103535 | 0 | yugoslavia }} {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} [[ file : | history of | yugoslavia location map . svg | thumb | right | 300px | general location of yugoslavia . first established with the [[ treaty of rapallo , 1920 | treaty of rapallo | |
| 685168696 | 1 | yugoslavia }} {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} [[ file : | history of | yugoslavia ( tall ) . svg | thumb | right | 300px | general location of yugoslavia . first established with the [[ treaty of rapallo , 1920 | treaty of | |
| 685189142 | 0 | yugoslavia }} {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} [[ file : | history of | yugoslavia location map . svg | thumb | right | 300px | general location of yugoslavia . first established with the [[ treaty of rapallo , 1920 | treaty of rapallo | |
| 685194407 | 1 | yugoslavia }} {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} [[ file : | history of | yugoslavia ( tall ) . svg | thumb | right | 300px | general location of yugoslavia . first established with the [[ treaty of rapallo , 1920 | treaty of | |
| 685200317 | 0 | yugoslavia }} {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} [[ file : | history of | yugoslavia location map . svg | thumb | right | 300px | general location of yugoslavia . first established with the [[ treaty of rapallo , 1920 | treaty of rapallo | |
| 685264223 | 3 | yugoslavia }} {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} [[ file : | history of | yugoslavia ( tall ) . svg | thumb | right | 300px | general location of yugoslavia . first established with the [[ treaty of rapallo , 1920 | treaty of | |
| 685357030 | 0 | yugoslavia }} {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} [[ file : | history of | yugoslavia location map . svg | thumb | right | 300px | general location of yugoslavia . first established with the [[ treaty of rapallo , 1920 | treaty of rapallo | |
| 685369118 | 4 | yugoslavia }} {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} [[ file : | history of | yugoslavia ( tall ) . svg | thumb | right | 300px | general location of yugoslavia . first established with the [[ treaty of rapallo , 1920 | treaty of | |
| 685373368 | 0 | yugoslavia }} {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} [[ file : | history of | yugoslavia location map . svg | thumb | right | 300px | general location of yugoslavia . first established with the [[ treaty of rapallo , 1920 | treaty of rapallo | |
| 685440379 | 4 | yugoslavia }} {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} [[ file : | history of | yugoslavia ( tall ) . svg | thumb | right | 300px | general location of yugoslavia . first established with the [[ treaty of rapallo , 1920 | treaty of | |
| 768996113 | 1 | balkans }} {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} [[ file : | united states navy band - hey , slavs . ogg ]] }} | common _ languages = [[ serbo - croatian ]] {{ ref label | d | d }} < br / > [[ slovene language | slovene ]] {{ ref label | e | e }} < br / > [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] {{ ref label | f | f }} | religion = | demonym = [[ yugoslavs | yugoslav , yugoslavian ]] | currency = [[ yugoslav dinar ]] | on november 25 | ||
| 6 | [[ bogoljub kočović ]] showed that the actual number of dead was about 1 million . = = sfr yugoslavia = = < gallery align = right perrow = 6 > | image | file | : flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | < center > [[ flag of socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | flag ]] < / center > image : coat of arms | |
| 7 | perrow = 6 > image : flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | < center > [[ flag of socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | flag ]] < / center > | image | file | : coat of arms of sfr yugoslavia . svg | < center > [[ coat of arms of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | coat of arms ]] < / | |
| 8 | . svg | < center > [[ coat of arms of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | coat of arms ]] < / center > < / gallery > [[ | image | file | : sfryugoslavianumbered . png | thumb | 250px | right | numbered map of yugoslav republics and autonomous provinces . ]] [[ image : marsal tito . jpg | thumb | | |
| 9 | / center > < / gallery > [[ image : sfryugoslavianumbered . png | thumb | 250px | right | numbered map of yugoslav republics and autonomous provinces . ]] [[ | image | file | : marsal tito . jpg | thumb | 200px | right | marshal [[ josip broz tito ]] . ]] [[ image : proslavatito . jpg | thumb | right | | |
| 10 | of yugoslav republics and autonomous provinces . ]] [[ image : marsal tito . jpg | thumb | 200px | right | marshal [[ josip broz tito ]] . ]] [[ | image | file | : proslavatito . jpg | thumb | right | 200px | the 1968 [[ league of communists of yugoslavia ]] congress . ]] {{ main | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | |
| 11 | " width : 7em ; font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ sarajevo ]] | style = " width : 6em ; " | < center > [[ | image | file | : flag of sr bosnia and herzegovina . svg | 70px ]] < / center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ image | |
| 12 | image : flag of sr bosnia and herzegovina . svg | 70px ]] < / center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ | image | file | : sr bosnia and herzegovina coa . png | 40px ]] < / center > | - | 2 . [[ socialist republic of croatia ]] | style = " font | |
| 13 | - | 2 . [[ socialist republic of croatia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ zagreb ]] | < center > [[ | image | file | : flag of sr croatia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ image : sr croatia coa . png | 40px ]] | |
| 14 | | [[ zagreb ]] | < center > [[ image : flag of sr croatia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ | image | file | : sr croatia coa . png | 40px ]] < center > | - | 3 . [[ socialist republic of macedonia ]] | style = " font - size : | |
| 15 | - | 3 . [[ socialist republic of macedonia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ skopje ]] | < center > [[ | image | file | : flag of sr macedonia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ image : coat of arms of the republic of macedonia | |
| 17 | | [[ skopje ]] | < center > [[ image : flag of sr macedonia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ | image | file | : coat of arms of the republic of macedonia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | 4 . [[ socialist republic of montenegro ]] | style | |
| 18 | montenegro ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ titograd ]] < nowiki > * < / nowiki > | < center > [[ | image | file | : flag of sr montenegro . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ image : sr montenegro coa . png | 40px ]] | |
| 19 | < / nowiki > | < center > [[ image : flag of sr montenegro . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ | image | file | : sr montenegro coa . png | 40px ]] < / center > | - | 5 . [[ socialist republic of serbia ]] : 5a . {{ smaller | [[ | |
| 20 | }} | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ belgrade ]] : [[ priština ]] : [[ novi sad ]] | < center > [[ | image | file | : flag of sr serbia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ image : sr serbia coa . png | 40px ]] | |
| 21 | [[ novi sad ]] | < center > [[ image : flag of sr serbia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ | image | file | : sr serbia coa . png | 40px ]] < / center > | - | 6 . [[ socialist republic of slovenia ]] | style = " font - size | |
| 22 | - | 6 . [[ socialist republic of slovenia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ ljubljana ]] | < center > [[ | image | file | : flag of sr slovenia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ image : sr slovenia coa . png | 40px ]] | |
| 23 | | [[ ljubljana ]] | < center > [[ image : flag of sr slovenia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ | image | file | : sr slovenia coa . png | 40px ]] < / center > | - | } {{ smaller | < nowiki > * < / nowiki > now [[ podgorica | |
| 24 | after which the state and [[ league of communists of yugoslavia | communist party ]] became increasingly paralyzed and thrown into crisis . = = = breakup = = = [[ | image | file | : breakup of yugoslavia . gif | thumb | right | 250px | breakup of [[ sfr yugoslavia ]] . ]] [[ image : milosevic - 1 . jpg | thumb | |
| 25 | = = = breakup = = = [[ image : breakup of yugoslavia . gif | thumb | right | 250px | breakup of [[ sfr yugoslavia ]] . ]] [[ | image | file | : milosevic - 1 . jpg | thumb | 150px | right | serbian president [[ slobodan milošević ]] ' s unequivocal support for the unity of serbs and opposition to | |
| 26 | right | serbian president [[ slobodan milošević ]] ' s unequivocal support for the unity of serbs and opposition to the autonomy of kosovo , inflamed ethnic tensions . ]] [[ | image | file | : franjotudman . jpg | thumb | 150px | right | croatian president [[ franjo tuđman ]] refused to partition croatia on ethnic lines , which angered serb nationalists who wished | |
| 27 | . this resulted in the outbreak of violence and war between croats and serbs upon croatia declaring independence , which ended in ethnic cleansing of serbs from croatia . ]] [[ | image | file | : alijaizetbegovic1 . jpg | thumb | 150px | right | bosnian president [[ alija izetbegović ]] pushed for independence of bosnia , claiming that he would not allow bosnia to | |
| 28 | accused the serbian government of sponsoring . the independence of bosnia was against serbs ' desire for their territory to remain in yugoslavia resulted in the bosnian war . ]] [[ | image | file | : former yugoslavia wartime 1 . png | 250px | thumb | right | [[ yugoslav wars ]] , fronts in 1993 . ]] [[ image : former yugoslavia 2008 . | |
| 29 | bosnian war . ]] [[ image : former yugoslavia wartime 1 . png | 250px | thumb | right | [[ yugoslav wars ]] , fronts in 1993 . ]] [[ | image | file | : former yugoslavia 2008 . png | 250px | thumb | right | state entities on the former territory of yugoslavia , 2008 . ]] {{ main | breakup of yugoslavia | |
| 30 | unilaterally declared independence from [[ serbia ]] = = federal republic of yugoslavia = = {{ main | federal republic of yugoslavia }} {{ see also | kosovo war }} [[ | image | file | : yugoslaviamap . png | thumb | 250px | the federal republic of yugoslavia consisted of serbia and montenegro ]] the [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( fry ) was | |
| 31 | " width : 7em ; font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ sarajevo ]] | style = " width : 6em ; " | < center > [[ | image | file | : flag of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | 70px ]] < / center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ image : | |
| 32 | [[ image : flag of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | 70px ]] < / center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ | image | file | : bosnia and herzegovina coats of arms modified . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | [[ croatia ]] | style = " font - size : | |
| 33 | < / center > | - | [[ croatia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ zagreb ]] | < center > [[ | image | file | : flag of croatia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ image : coat of arms of croatia . svg | 40px | |
| 34 | " | [[ zagreb ]] | < center > [[ image : flag of croatia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ | image | file | : coat of arms of croatia . svg | 40px ]] < center > | - | [[ republic of macedonia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 | |
| 35 | center > | - | [[ republic of macedonia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ skopje ]] | < center > [[ | image | file | : flag of macedonia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ image : coat of arms of the republic of macedonia . | |
| 36 | " | [[ skopje ]] | < center > [[ image : flag of macedonia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ | image | file | : coat of arms of the republic of macedonia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | [[ montenegro ]] | style = " font - size | |
| 37 | < / center > | - | [[ montenegro ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ podgorica ]] | < center > [[ | image | file | : flag of montenegro . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ image : coat of arms of montenegro . svg | 40px | |
| 38 | " | [[ podgorica ]] | < center > [[ image : flag of montenegro . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ | image | file | : coat of arms of montenegro . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | [[ serbia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % | |
| 39 | < / center > | - | [[ serbia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ belgrade ]] | < center > [[ | image | file | : flag of serbia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ image : coat of arms of serbia . svg | 40px | |
| 40 | " | [[ belgrade ]] | < center > [[ image : flag of serbia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ | image | file | : coat of arms of serbia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | [[ slovenia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % | |
| 41 | < / center > | - | [[ slovenia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ ljubljana ]] | < center > [[ | image | file | : flag of slovenia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ image : coat of arms of slovenia . svg | 40px | |
| 42 | " | [[ ljubljana ]] | < center > [[ image : flag of slovenia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ | image | file | : coat of arms of slovenia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | } the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] |
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| 8640415 | 9 | asteroid ]] [[ 1554 yugoslavia ]] is discovered by [[ milorad b . protitch ]] and named after first yugoslavia . | - [ http : / / lcweb2 . loc . gov / frd / cs / yutoc . html yugoslavia ] = = external links = = * [ http : / / www . ericdigests . org / 1995 - 2 / bosnia . htm teaching about conflict and crisis in the former yugoslavia ] * [ http : / / www . vojska . net vojska . net - covering wars in former yugoslavia ] | [[ category : yugoslavia | * ]] [[ category : former countries ]] [[ da : jugoslavien ]] [[ de : jugoslawien ]] [[ et : jugoslaavia ]] [[ fi : | |
| 65112164 | 0 | pr / fr / - / 1 / hi / world / europe / 4997380 . stm timeline : break - up of yugoslavia at bbc news ] {{ unreferenced }} | [[ category : yugoslavia | ]] [[ category : former countries in the balkans ]] [[ ar : يوغوسلافيا ]] [[ be : югаславія ]] [[ bs : jugoslavija ]] [[ | ||
| 74530191 | 0 | {st@rt} {{ | unreferenced }} ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' | unreferencefgdsasdfvsdfadfhg , tryheljg , jefghekghv | ' ( ' ' jugoslavija ' ' in all [[ south slavic languages ]] , ' ' југославија ' ' in [[ serbian language | serbian ]] and [[ macedonian language |
| 80382137 | 8 | and co - ordinated coalition involving austria , germany , hungary and the vatican all pushing for the same goal : yugoslavia ' s break up . {{ fact }} this | campaign | campaignon the surface , | was not supported by the united states , which championed yugoslav unity as did [[ britain ]] and [[ france ]] . but for the us unity was not the main |
| 80791480 | 0 | and co - ordinated coalition involving austria , germany , hungary and the vatican all pushing for the same goal : yugoslavia ' s break up . {{ fact }} this | campaignon | campaign on | the surface , was not supported by the united states , which championed yugoslav unity as did [[ britain ]] and [[ france ]] . but for the us unity was |
| 84665400 | 0 | state and [[ league of communists of yugoslavia | communist party ]] became increasingly paralyzed and thrown into crisis . = = = breakup = = = {{ pov }} {{ | references }} [[ image : breakup of yugoslavia . gif | right | thumb | 225px | an animated series | eries | of maps showing the breakup of the second yugoslavia | an animated series of maps showing the breakup of the second yugoslavia ; the different colors represent the areas of control |
| 84674003 | 0 | state and [[ league of communists of yugoslavia | communist party ]] became increasingly paralyzed and thrown into crisis . = = = breakup = = = {{ pov }} {{ | eries | references }} [[ image : breakup of yugoslavia . gif | right | thumb | 225px | an animated series | of maps showing the breakup of the second yugoslavia | an animated series of maps showing the breakup of the second yugoslavia ; the different colors represent the areas of control |
| 88861708 | 0 | [[ league of communists of yugoslavia | communist party ]] became increasingly paralyzed and thrown into crisis . = = = breakup = = = {{ pov }} {{ references }} | {{ main | dissolution of yugoslavia }} | [[ image : breakup of yugoslavia . gif | right | thumb | 225px | an animated series of maps showing the breakup of the second yugoslavia | an animated series | |
| 96636041 | 0 | {{ legend | # 8080ff | [[ federation of bosnia and herzegovina ]] . }} {{ legend | # ff80ff | [[ republika srpska ]] . }} {{ legend | # | 00fe00 | 00fefe | | [[ brčko district ]] . }} {{ legend | # c00000 | [[ kosovo ]] . }} {{ legend | # d3ae3b | [[ montenegro ]] . }} ]] after |
| 125725649 | 0 | {st@rt} {{ see also | | the jewish | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ image : locationyugoslavia . png | thumb | right | 200px | general location of | |
| 125729057 | 18 | {st@rt} {{ see also | | the jewish | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ image : locationyugoslavia . png | thumb | right | 200px | general location of | |
| 147480437 | 0 | large number of men , women and children , mostly serbs , were executed in these camps . = = = = resistance movements = = = = {{ main | | yugoslav | people ' s liberation war }} yugoslavs opposing the [[ nazism | nazis ]] organized resistance movement . those inclined towards supporting the old kingdom of yugoslavia joined the [[ yugoslav | |
| 150932203 | 0 | , montenegro and serbia respectively declared their independence , thereby ending the last remnants of the former yugoslav federation . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = {{ | see also | main | | creation of yugoslavia }} = = = southern slavic state = = = the first idea of a state for all south slavs emerged in the late 17th century , |
| 156872340 | 0 | 1974 that gave more rights to the individual republics in yugoslavia and provinces in serbia . = = = ethnic tensions and the economic crisis = = = {{ pov }} | {{ unreferenced | date = september 2007 }} | the post - [[ world war ii ]] yugoslavia was in many respects a model of how to build a multinational state . the federation was constructed against a double background | |
| 159014010 | 0 | that gave more rights to the individual republics in yugoslavia and provinces in serbia . = = = ethnic tensions and the economic crisis = = = {{ pov }} {{ | unreferenced | refimprove | | date = september 2007 }} the post - [[ world war ii ]] yugoslavia was in many respects a model of how to build a multinational state . the federation |
| 1 | state and [[ league of communists of yugoslavia | communist party ]] became increasingly paralyzed and thrown into crisis . = = = breakup = = = {{ pov }} {{ | unreferenced | refimprove | | date = july 2006 }} {{ main | dissolution of yugoslavia }} after tito ' s death on [[ 4 may ]] [[ 1980 ]] , [[ ethnic group | | |
| 165572402 | 1 | and serbia respectively declared their independence , thereby ending the last remnants of the former yugoslav federation . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = {{ main | | creation of yugoslavia }} ideas for a single state for all [[ south slavs | caption1 image : example . jpg | | south slavic peoples ]] emerged in the late 17th century and gained prominence in the 19th century [[ illyrian movement ]] but ideas for a unified state did not mature |
| 206802676 | 6 | hrvata i srba / краљевина словенаца , хрвата и срба }} ; slovene : {{ lang | sl | kraljevina slovencev , hrvatov in srbov }} ; macedonian : {{ lang | | | - | mk | кралство на србите , хрватите и словенците }} ) . the country was re - named on 3 october 1929 and henceforth it would be called " kingdom of |
| 231811199 | 0 | {st@rt} {{ | see also | main | | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ image : locationyugoslavia2 . png | thumb | right | 300px | general location |
| 251599494 | 0 | 2008 _ kosovo _ declaration _ of _ independence # international _ reaction | in dispute ]] ) * {{ mkd }} * {{ mne }} * {{ srb }} * | [[ | {{ | slo ]] the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , which applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004 . croatia applied for |
| 255620240 | 0 | _ declaration _ of _ independence # international _ reaction | in dispute ]] ) * {{ mkd }} * {{ mne }} * {{ srb }} * {{ slo }} | * [[ image : flag of vojvodina . svg | 25px ]] | the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , which applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004 . croatia applied for membership in | |
| 255645072 | 0 | _ declaration _ of _ independence # international _ reaction | in dispute ]] ) * {{ mkd }} * {{ mne }} * {{ srb }} * {{ slo }} | * [[ image : flag of vojvodina . svg | 25px ]] [[ vojvodina ]] | the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , which applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004 . croatia applied for membership in | |
| 256388041 | 0 | serbian government of sponsoring . the independence of bosnia was against serbs ' desire for their territory to remain in yugoslavia resulted in the bosnian war . ]] {{ main | | dissolution | breakup | of yugoslavia }} after tito ' s death on 4 may 1980 , [[ ethnic group | ethnic ]] [[ stress ( biological ) | tensions ]] grew in yugoslavia . |
| 309688136 | 1 | | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of croatia . svg | 40px ]] < center > | - | ' ' [[ kosovo ]] ' ' {{ | kosovo - note }} < / | ref label | status | a | } } | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | ' ' [[ pristina ]] ' ' | < | |
| 2 | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of croatia . svg | 40px ]] < center > | - | ' ' [[ kosovo ]] ' ' {{ ref | label | status | a | } } | > | | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | ' ' [[ pristina ]] ' ' | < center > [[ file : flag of kosovo . | |
| 359311954 | 0 | {st@rt} {{ | pp - semi | protected | | small = yes }} {{ refimprove | date = september 2008 }} [[ file : locationyugoslavia2 . png | thumb | right | 300px | general location of the political |
| 359520790 | 0 | {st@rt} {{ | protected | pp - semi | | small = yes }} {{ refimprove | date = september 2008 }} [[ file : locationyugoslavia2 . png | thumb | right | 300px | general location of the political |
| 457911058 | 0 | with them ) . the [[ assembly of kosovo ]] declared independence from serbia in february 2008 . its independence is [[ international recognition of kosovo | recognised ]] by {{ | kosovorecognition | numrec | kos | | | un member states }} and the [[ republic of china ]] ( taiwan ) . on 8 october 2008 , upon request of serbia , the [[ united nations |
| 466554200 | 8 | < center > [[ file : flag of montenegro . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | - | [[ serbia ]] : {{ smaller | [[ | | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of serbia and montenegro . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | montenegro . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | - | [[ serbia ]] : {{ smaller | [[ kosovo ]] }} {{ ref label | status | |
| 13 | < center > [[ file : flag of montenegro . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | - | [[ serbia ]] : {{ smaller | [[ | kosovo ]] }} {{ ref label | status | a | } } | | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ belgrade ]] : [[ priština ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of serbia . | ||
| 483799781 | 0 | be demoted from a constituent nation of croatia and this would consequently diminish their rights . = = yugoslav wars = = {{ main | yugoslav wars }} {{ very long | | | section | date = november 2010 }} the war broke out when the new regimes tried to replace yugoslav civilian and military forces with secessionist forces . when in august 1990 | |
| 492545273 | 13 | width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : sfry slovenia . png | 60px ]] < / center > | - | } ( {{ smaller | | style = " width : 4em ; " | | | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : sfry slovenia . png | 60px ]] < / center > | - | } | |
| 495585894 | 14 | – [[ yad vashem ]] | accessdate = 4 january 2010 }} < / ref > = = = yugoslav people ' s liberation war = = = {{ main | | yugoslav front | national liberation war | ( world war ii ) }} from the start , the yugoslav resistance forces consisted of two factions : the communist - led [[ yugoslav partisans ]] and the royalist [[ |
| 495587287 | 0 | {st@rt} {{ refimprove | date = september 2008 }} {{ | for | about | the country in the western balkans | the post - breakup federal republic of yugoslavia | serbia and montenegro | | the asteroid | 1554 yugoslavia }} {{ use dmy dates | date = february 2012 }} {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - |
| 495666744 | 18 | shoah resource center – [[ yad vashem ]] | accessdate = 4 january 2010 }} < / ref > = = = national liberation war = = = {{ main | | national liberation war | yugoslav front | ( yugoslavia ) }} from the start , the yugoslav resistance forces consisted of two factions : the communist - led [[ yugoslav partisans ]] and the royalist [[ chetniks ]] |
| 22 | {st@rt} {{ use dmy dates | date = february 2012 }} {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} {{ | about | the country in the western balkans | the post - breakup federal republic of yugoslavia | serbia and montenegro | | the asteroid | 1554 yugoslavia }} {{ see also | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} {{ refimprove | date = september 2008 }} [[ file | ||
| 495668696 | 16 | – [[ yad vashem ]] | accessdate = 4 january 2010 }} < / ref > = = = yugoslav people ' s liberation war = = = {{ main | | yugoslav front | national liberation war | ( world war ii ) }} from the start , the yugoslav resistance forces consisted of two factions : the communist - led [[ yugoslav partisans ]] and the royalist [[ |
| 20 | {st@rt} {{ refimprove | date = september 2008 }} {{ | for | | the asteroid | 1554 yugoslavia }} {{ use dmy dates | date = february 2012 }} {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - | ||
| 497534337 | 0 | {st@rt} {{ use dmy dates | date = february 2012 }} {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} {{ about | the | former | country in the western balkans | the asteroid | 1554 yugoslavia }} {{ refimprove | date = september 2008 }} [[ file : location yugoslavia . png | thumb | right | |
| 507557889 | 0 | from november 1970 ] * [ http : / / chnm . gmu . edu / 1989 / exhibits / collapse / essay the collapse of communist yugoslavia ] * {{ | cite | americana link | jugoslavia | author = milivoy s . stanoyevich }} {{ yug - timeline }} {{ coord | 44 | 49 | 14 | n | 20 | 27 | |
| 1 | november 1970 ] * [ http : / / chnm . gmu . edu / 1989 / exhibits / collapse / essay the collapse of communist yugoslavia ] * {{ americana | link | | jugoslavia | author = milivoy s . stanoyevich }} {{ yug - timeline }} {{ coord | 44 | 49 | 14 | n | 20 | 27 | 44 | ||
| 542253625 | 0 | * 14 december 1995 , [[ dayton agreement ]] is signed by leaders of fr yugoslavia , bosnia and herzegovina and croatia = = new states = = {{ out of | serbia and montenegro no longer exists as [[ montenegro ]] became an independent nation in june 2006 after the results | of date | section | date = january 2013 }} {{ multiple image | align = right | direction = vertical | width = 250 | header = | image1 = | |
| 4 | * 14 december 1995 , [[ dayton agreement ]] is signed by leaders of fr yugoslavia , bosnia and herzegovina and croatia = = new states = = {{ out of | date | | section | date = january 2013 }} {{ multiple image | align = right | direction = vertical | width = 250 | header = | image1 = map of | ||
| 551604287 | 5 | its culture and influence . {{ clarify | reason = what sort of influence ? what of / from ? | date = june 2012 }} < ref > {{ cite | web | news | | title = former yugoslavia patches itself together : entering the yugosphere | work = the economist | date = 20 august 2009 | url = http : / / www |
| 555232598 | 0 | ] * [ http : / / chnm . gmu . edu / 1989 / exhibits / collapse / essay the collapse of communist yugoslavia ] * {{ cite americana | | wstitle = | jugoslavia | author = milivoy s . stanoyevich }} {{ yugoslavia topics | state = collapsed }} {{ yug - timeline }} {{ coord | 44 | 49 | 14 | | |
| 583308010 | 1 | broz tito was seen as a national hero by the citizens and was elected by referendum to lead the new independent communist state , starting as a prime minister . {{ | fact | citation needed | | date = november 2013 }} the official yugoslav post - war estimate of [[ world war ii casualties | victims ]] in yugoslavia during world war ii is 1 , |
| 608604340 | 0 | clio , 2005 . pp . 1189 . < / ref > }} under the name of ' ' ' kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ' ' ' {{ | note | efn - lr | | note1 = bosniaks ( muslims ) are not mentioned in state name for anti - muslim policy during that times }} by the merger of the provisional [[ state of |
| 1 | 2005 . pp . 1189 . < / ref > }} under the name of ' ' ' kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ' ' ' {{ note | | note1 | 3 | = bosniaks ( muslims ) are not mentioned in state name for anti - muslim policy during that times }} by the merger of the provisional [[ state of slovenes , | |
| 610895932 | 0 | filipović ]] shouting " death to fascism , freedom to the people ! " shortly before his execution ]] = = = invasion of yugoslavia = = = {{ main | | invasion of | world war ii in | yugoslavia }} at 5 : 12 & nbsp ; am on 6 april 1941 , [[ nazi germany | german ]] , [[ italian fascism | italian ]] and hungarian forces |
| 624878296 | 0 | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | 1 march 1992 | 6 april 1992 {{ | fact | citation needed | | date = august 2014 }} | 1 march | - | [[ croatia ]] | [[ zagreb ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of croatia . svg |
| 1 | center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of croatia . svg | 40px ]] < center > | 25 june 1991 | 8 october 1991 {{ | fact | citation needed | | date = august 2014 }} | 25 june | - | [[ kosovo ]] | [[ pristina ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of kosovo . svg | |
| 2 | . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | 17 february 2008 | no official recognition due to [[ international recognition of kosovo | ongoing kosovar sovereignty dispute ]] {{ | fact | citation needed | | date = august 2014 }} | 17 february | - | [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] | [[ skopje ]] | < center > [[ file : flag | |
| 3 | center > [[ file : coat of arms of the republic of macedonia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | 8 september 1991 | 8 april 1993 {{ | fact | citation needed | | date = august 2014 }} | 8 september | - | [[ montenegro ]] | [[ podgorica ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of montenegro . svg | |
| 4 | ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of montenegro . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | 21 may 2006 {{ | fact | citation needed | | date = august 2014 }} | 3 june 2006 {{ fact | date = august 2014 }} | 21 may | - | [[ serbia ]] | [[ belgrade ]] | |
| 5 | coat of arms of montenegro . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | 21 may 2006 {{ fact | date = august 2014 }} | 3 june 2006 {{ | fact | citation needed | | date = august 2014 }} | 21 may | - | [[ serbia ]] | [[ belgrade ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of serbia . svg | |
| 6 | ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of serbia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | 22 may 2006 {{ | fact | citation needed | | date = august 2014 }} | 5 june 2006 {{ fact | date = august 2014 }} | 15 february | - | [[ slovenia ]] | [[ ljubljana ]] | |
| 7 | coat of arms of serbia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | 22 may 2006 {{ fact | date = august 2014 }} | 5 june 2006 {{ | fact | citation needed | | date = august 2014 }} | 15 february | - | [[ slovenia ]] | [[ ljubljana ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of slovenia . svg | |
| 745160001 | 0 | {st@rt} {{ distinguish | | [[ serbia and montenegro | | federal republic of yugoslavia }} {{ about | the former country in the western balkans | the asteroid | 1554 yugoslavia }} {{ pp - semi | small = yes | |
| 745160032 | 0 | {st@rt} {{ distinguish | | [[ serbia and montenegro | | federal republic of yugoslavia ]] }} {{ about | the former country in the western balkans | the asteroid | 1554 yugoslavia }} {{ pp - semi | small = | |
| 748664379 | 0 | montenegro themselves broke up in 2006 and became independent states , while [[ republic of kosovo | kosovo ]] proclaimed independence in 2008 . = = background = = {{ main | article | | creation of yugoslavia }} the concept of ' ' yugoslavia ' ' , as a single state for all [[ south slavs | south slavic ]] peoples , emerged in | |
| 1 | of the serbian parliament in exile and the serbian royal [[ karađorđević dynasty ]] , who became the yugoslav royal dynasty . = = kingdom of yugoslavia = = {{ main | article | | kingdom of yugoslavia }} {{ multiple image | align = right | direction = vertical | width = 210 | header = | image1 = flag of the kingdom of | ||
| 2 | _ 1941 _ april _ 06 . html ] {{ dead link | date = april 2013 }} < / ref > = = world war ii = = {{ main | article | | world war ii in yugoslavia }} [[ file : stjepan stevo filipović . jpg | thumb | right | 150px | [[ yugoslav partisans | partisan ]] [[ stjepan filipović | ||
| 3 | by historians [[ vladimir žerjavić ]] and [[ bogoljub kočović ]] showed that the actual number of dead was about 1 million . = = sfr yugoslavia = = {{ main | article | | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ file : flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | thumb | 250px | flag of the [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] | ||
| 4 | flag or slavic tricolor , with a [[ red star ]] in the centre or in the canton . = = the 1948 yugoslavia - soviet split = = {{ further | information | | tito – stalin split }} the country distanced itself from the soviets in 1948 ( cf . [[ cominform ]] and [[ informbiro ]] ) and started to build its | ||
| 5 | that [[ central serbia ]] did not have its own assembly but a joint assembly with its provinces represented in it . = = = demographics = = = {{ main | article | | demographics of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} yugoslavia had always been a home to a very diverse population , not only in terms of national affiliation , but | ||
| 6 | creating within the population an atmosphere of social despair and hopelessness . this was a critical turning point in the events to follow . = = breakup = = {{ main | article | | breakup of yugoslavia }} {{ unreferenced | section | date = april 2016 }} [[ file : breakup of yugoslavia - try2 . gif | thumb | right | 250px | ||
| 8 | in a sovereign croatia , since they would be demoted from the status of a constituent nation of the entirety of yugoslavia . = = yugoslav wars = = {{ main | article | | yugoslav wars }} {{ refimprove | section | date = april 2016 }} the war broke out when the new regimes tried to replace yugoslav civilian and military forces with | ||
| 9 | social despair and hopelessness . this was a critical turning point in the events to follow . = = breakup = = {{ main | breakup of yugoslavia }} {{ unreferenced | | | section | date = april 2016 }} [[ file : breakup of yugoslavia - try2 . gif | thumb | right | 250px | breakup of yugoslavia ]] though the 1974 | ||
| 10 | they would be demoted from the status of a constituent nation of the entirety of yugoslavia . = = yugoslav wars = = {{ main | yugoslav wars }} {{ refimprove | | | section | date = april 2016 }} the war broke out when the new regimes tried to replace yugoslav civilian and military forces with secessionist forces . when , in august | ||
| 754485190 | 5 | of croatia . svg | 40px ]] | {{ dts | 25 june 1991 }} | {{ dts | 8 october 1991 }} < br / > {{ citation needed | | | | | date = august 2014 }} | {{ dts | 25 june }} | - | [[ kosovo ]] | [[ pristina ]] | [[ file : flag of kosovo . | |
| 15 | coat of arms of croatia . svg | 40px ]] | {{ dts | 25 june 1991 }} | {{ dts | 8 october 1991 }} < br / > {{ | citation needed | | date = august 2014 }} | {{ dts | 25 june }} | - | [[ kosovo ]] | [[ pristina ]] | [[ file : flag of kosovo . | ||
| 772701137 | 3 | yugoslav dinar ]] | {{ reflist }} * {{ loc }} – [ http : / / lcweb2 . loc . gov / frd / cs / yutoc . html yugoslavia ] = = further reading = = * allcock , john b . : explaining yugoslavia . new york : columbia university press , 2000 * anne marie du preez bezdrob : ' ' sarajevo roses : war memoirs of a peacekeeper ' ' . oshun , 2002 . isbn 177007031 * chan , adrian : ' ' free to choose : a teacher ' s resource and activity guide to revolution and reform in eastern europe ' ' . stanford , ca : spice , 1991 . ed 351 248 * cigar , norman , : ' ' genocide in bosnia : the policy of ethnic - cleansing ' ' . college station : texas a & m university press , 1995 * cohen , lenard j . : ' ' broken bonds : the disintegration of yugoslavia ' ' . boulder , co : westview press , 1993 * conversi , daniele : ' ' german - bashing and the breakup of yugoslavia ' ' , the donald w . treadgold papers in russian , east european and central asian studies , no . 16 , march 1998 ( university of washington : hmj school of international studies ) http : / / easyweb . easynet . co . uk / conversi / german . html * dragnich , alex n . : ' ' serbs and croats . the struggle in yugoslavia ' ' . new york : harcourt brace jovanovich , 1992 * fisher , sharon : ' ' political change in post - communist slovakia and croatia : from nationalist to europeanist ' ' . new york : palgrave macmillan , 2006 isbn 1 4039 7286 9 * [[ misha glenny | glenny , mischa ]] : ' ' [[ the balkans : nationalism , war and the great powers , 1804 - 1999 ]] ' ' ( london : penguin books ltd , 2000 ) * [[ misha glenny | glenny , mischa ]] : ' ' the fall of yugoslavia : the third balkan war ' ' , isbn 0 - 14 - 026101 - x * gutman , roy . : ' ' a witness to genocide . the 1993 pulitzer prize - winning dispatches on the " ethnic cleansing " of bosnia ' ' . new york : macmillan , 1993 * hall , brian : the impossible country : a journey through the last days of yugoslavia . penguin books . new york , 1994 * harris , judy j . : ' ' yugoslavia today ' ' . southern social studies journal 16 ( fall 1990 ) : 78 – 101 . ej 430 520 * hayden , robert m . : blueprints for a house divided : the constitutional logic of the yugoslav conflicts . ann arbor : university of michigan press , 2000 * hoare , marko a . , ' ' a history of bosnia : from the middle ages to the present day ' ' . london : [[ saqi books | saqi ]] , 2007 * [[ barbara jelavich | jelavich , barbara ]] : ' ' history of the balkans : eighteenth and nineteenth centuries ' ' , volume 1 . new york : american council of learned societies , 1983 ed 236 093 * [[ barbara jelavich | jelavich , barbara ]] : ' ' [[ history of the balkans : twentieth century ]] ' ' , volume 2 . new york : american council of learned societies , 1983 . ed 236 094 * kohlmann , evan f . : ' ' al - qaida ' s jihad in europe : the afghan - bosnian network ' ' berg , new york 2004 , isbn 1 - 85973 - 802 - 8 ; isbn 1 - 85973 - 807 - 9 * [[ lampe , john r ]] : ' ' yugoslavia as history : twice there was a country ' ' great britain , cambridge , 1996 , isbn 0 521 46705 5 * owen , david : ' ' balkan odyssey ' ' harcourt ( harvest book ) , 1997 * ramet , sabrina : ' ' the three yugoslavias : state - building and legitimation , 1918 - 2003 ' ' . bloomington : indiana university press , 2006 * sacco , joe : ' ' safe area gorazde : the war in eastern bosnia 1992 - 1995 ' ' . fantagraphics books , january 2002 * silber , laura and allan little : ' ' yugoslavia : death of a nation ' ' . new york : penguin books , 1997 * [[ rebecca west | west , rebecca ]] : ' ' black lamb and gray falcon : a journey through yugoslavia ' ' . viking , 1941 * white , t . : ' ' another fool in the balkans - in the footsteps of rebbecca west ' ' . cadogan guides , london , 2006 * [ http : / / www . time . com / time / magazine / article / 0 , 9171 , 796967 , 00 . html time homepage : ' ' new power ' ' ] = = external links = = {{ commons | yugoslavia }} * [ http : / / digital . library . unt . edu / govdocs / crs / search . tkl ? q = yugoslavia & search _ crit = subject & search = search & date1 = anytime & date2 = anytime & type = form congressional research service ( crs ) reports regarding yugoslavia ] * [ http : / / vlib . iue . it / history / europe / yugoslavia . html european university institute yugoslavia ] * [ http : / / www . ohr . int / ohr - info / maps / maps ] * [ http : / / www . slobodnajugoslavija . com / slobodna jugoslavija ] * [ http : / / www . ericdigests . org / 1995 - 2 / bosnia . htm teaching about conflict and crisis in the former yugoslavia ] * [ http : / / books . google . com / books ? id = - 84 _ kkgmf2qc & printsec = frontcover & dq = yugoslavia & lr = & hl = de & sig = ehuyv6lzcu4v7njp _ iingo90aju # ppp15 , m1 the first yugoslavia : search for a viable political system , by alex n . dragnich ] * [ http : / / www . royalfamily . org / the official website of the royal family of serbia ] * [ http : / / news . bbc . co . uk / go / pr / fr / - / 1 / hi / world / europe / 4997380 . stm timeline : break - up of yugoslavia at bbc news ] * [ http : / / entertainment . timesonline . co . uk / tol / arts _ and _ entertainment / the _ tls / article3410344 . ece " where the west went wrong " ] : an article in the [ http : / / www . the - tls . co . uk tls ] by charles king about the dissolution of yugoslavia . * [ http : / / www . foia . cia . gov / cpe / esau / esau - 46 . pdf " yugoslavia : the outworn structure " ( [[ cia ]] ) report from november 1970 ] * the [ http : / / chnm . gmu . edu / 1989 / exhibits / collapse / essay collapse of communist yugoslavia ] {{ yug - timeline }} [[ pages in category " former socialist republics " ]] [[ category : yugoslavia | ]] [[ category : former countries in the balkans ]] [[ category : former countries in europe ]] [[ category : former slavic countries ]] [[ category : governments in exile during world war ii ]] [[ category : former monarchies ]] | [[ af : joegoslawië ]] [[ ar : يوغوسلافيا ]] [[ ast : yugoslavia ]] [[ az : yuqoslaviya ]] [[ be : югаславія ]] [[ be - x - old | ||
| 337642783 | 0 | of yugoslavia ]] ( 1943 - 1992 ) * [[ serbia and montenegro ]] ( 1992 - 2006 ) , state union , initially known as the federal republic of yugoslavia | {{ disambig }} | [[ af : joegoslawië ]] [[ ar : يوغوسلافيا ]] [[ ast : yugoslavia ]] [[ az : yuqoslaviya ]] [[ be : югаславія ]] [[ be - x - old | |
| 337768752 | 16 | yugoslavia ( fpr yugoslavia ) * [[ serbia and montenegro ]] ( 1992 - 2006 ) , state union , initially a federal state known as the federal republic of yugoslavia | {{ disambig }} | consisted of montenegro and serbia ]] the [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( fry ) was formed on april 28 , 1992 , and it consisted of the former socialist republic of serbia and socialist republic of montenegro . the new constitution of yugoslavia was voted by the rest of mps , elected on federal one - party elections in 1986 . the war in the western parts of former yugoslavia ended in 1995 with u . s . - sponsored peace talks in [[ dayton , ohio ]] , which resulted in the so - called [[ dayton agreement ]] . in [[ kosovo ]] , throughout the 1990s , the leadership of the albanian population had been pursuing independence with a non - violent resistance in order to achieve independence for the province . in 1996 , albanians formed [[ kosovo liberation army ]] . the yugoslav reaction involved the indiscriminate use of force against civilian populations , and caused many ethnic - albanians to flee their homes . following the [[ racak incident ]] and unsuccessful [[ rambouillet agreement ]] in the early months of 1999 , nato proceeded to bombard serbia and montenegro for more than two months , until an agreement was brokered between nato and milošević ' s government , with russia acting as intermediary . yugoslavia withdrew its forces from kosovo , in return for nato retracting their pre - war demand for nato forces to enter serbia , resulting in 250 000 serbian and other non - albanian refugees . since june 1999 , the province has been governed by peace - keeping forces from nato and russia , although all parties continued to recognize it as a part of serbia until 2008 . kosovo declared independence in february 2008 , but is not yet a member of the united nations and is only recognised by 60 governments . milošević ' s rejection of claims of a first - round opposition victory in new elections for the federal presidency in september 2000 led to mass demonstrations in belgrade on october 5 and the collapse of the regime ' s authority . the opposition ' s candidate , [[ vojislav koštunica ]] took office as yugoslav president on october 6 , 2000 . the federal republic of yugoslavia was afterwards admitted to the united nations , at the end of 2000 . on saturday , march 31 , 2001 , milošević surrendered to yugoslav security forces from his home in belgrade , following a recent warrant for his arrest on charges of abuse of power and corruption . on june 28 he was driven to the yugoslav - bosnian border where shortly after he was placed in the custody of [[ sfor ]] officials , soon to be extradited to the [[ united nations ]] [[ international criminal tribunal for the former yugoslavia ]] . his trial on charges of [[ genocide ]] in bosnia and war crimes in croatia and in kosovo and metohija began at [[ the hague ]] on february 12 , 2002 , and he died there on 11 march 2006 , while his trial was still ongoing . on april 11 , 2002 , the yugoslav parliament passed a law allowing extradition of all persons charged with war crimes by the international criminal tribunal . in march 2002 , the governments of serbia and montenegro agreed to reform the fry in favour of a new , much weaker form of cooperation called [[ serbia and montenegro ]] . by order of the yugoslav federal parliament on february 4 , 2003 , yugoslavia , at least nominally , ceased to exist . a federal government remained in place in belgrade but assumed largely ceremonial powers . the individual governments of serbia and of montenegro conducted their respective affairs almost as though the two republics were independent . furthermore , customs were established along the traditional border crossings between the two republics . on may 21 , 2006 , 86 percent of eligible montenegrin voters turned out for a special referendum on the independence of [[ montenegro ]] from the state union with serbia . they voted 55 . 5 % in favor of independence , reaching the 55 % threshold set by the [[ european union ]] . on june 3 , 2006 , montenegro officially declared its independence , with serbia following suit two days later , effectively dissolving one of the last vestiges of the former yugoslavia . = = legacy = = = = = new states = = = countries created from the former yugoslavia : { | class = " wikitable " ! < center > ' ' ' [[ list of countries | name ]] ' ' ' < / center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' [[ capital city | capital ]] ' ' ' < / center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' [[ flag ]] ' ' ' < / center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' [[ coat of arms ]] ' ' ' < / center > | - | [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] | style = " width : 7em ; font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ sarajevo ]] | style = " width : 6em ; " | < center > [[ file : flag of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | 70px ]] < / center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : bosnia and herzegovina coats of arms modified . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | [[ croatia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ zagreb ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of croatia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of croatia . svg | 40px ]] < center > | - | [[ kosovo ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ pristina ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of kosovo . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of kosovo . svg | 40px ]] < center > | - | [[ macedonia ( country ) | macedonia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ skopje ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of macedonia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of the republic of macedonia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | [[ montenegro ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ podgorica ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of montenegro . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of montenegro . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | [[ serbia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ belgrade ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of serbia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of serbia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | [[ slovenia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ ljubljana ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of slovenia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of slovenia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | } * the [[ assembly of kosovo ]] declared independence from serbia in february 2008 . see [[ international recognition of kosovo ]] . the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , which applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004 . croatia applied for membership in 2004 . macedonia applied in 2004 , and will probably join by 2010 – 2015 . < ref > http : / / www . europeanvoice . com / article / 2008 / 12 / montenegro - applies - for - eu - membership / 63428 . aspx < / ref > . montenegro presented its official application to the european union , with the hopes of gaining eu candidate status by 2009 , although it has yet to be accepted . < ref > [ http : / / euobserver . com / 9 / 27301 montenegro files eu membership application ] < / ref > . the remaining three republics have yet to apply so their acceptance generally is not expected before 2015 . these states are signatories of [[ enlargement of the european union | various partnership agreements ]] with the european union . since 1 january 2007 , they have been encircled by member - states of eu ( and albania , which is encircled with them ) . = = = remaining cultural and ethnic ties = = = the similarity of the languages and the long history of common life have left many ties among the peoples of the new states , even though the individual state policies of the new states favour differentiation , particularly in language . the [[ serbo - croatian language ]] is linguistically a unique language , with several literary and spoken variants and also was the imposed means of communication used where other languages dominated ( [[ socialist republic of slovenia | slovenia ]] , [[ socialist republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] ) . now , separate sociolinguistic standards exist for the [[ bosnian language | bosnian ]] , [[ croatian language | croatian ]] and [[ serbian language | serbian ]] languages . although the sfry had no official language , technically there had been three official languages , along with minority languages official where minorities lived , but in all federal organs only serbo - croatian or croato - serbian was used and others were expected to use it as well . remembrance of the time of the joint state and its perceived positive attributes is referred to as [[ yugonostalgy ]] ( ' ' jugonostalgija ' ' ) . many aspects of yugonostalgia refer to the socialist system and the sense of social security it provided . there are still people from the former - yugoslavia who self - identify as [[ yugoslavs ]] , and commonly seen in demographics relating to ethnicity in today ' s independent states . = = miscellaneous = = * [[ asteroid ]] [[ 1554 yugoslavia ]] was discovered by [[ milorad b . protić ]] and named after yugoslavia . = = see also = = * [[ history of the balkans ]] * [[ history of europe ]] * [[ music of yugoslavia ]] * [[ yugoslav wars ]] = = references = = {{ reflist }} * {{ loc }} – [ http : / / lcweb2 . loc . gov / frd / cs / yutoc . html yugoslavia ] = = further reading = = * allcock , john b . : explaining yugoslavia . new york : columbia university press , 2000 * anne marie du preez bezdrob : ' ' sarajevo roses : war memoirs of a peacekeeper ' ' . oshun , 2002 . isbn 177007031 * chan , adrian : ' ' free to choose : a teacher ' s resource and activity guide to revolution and reform in eastern europe ' ' . stanford , ca : spice , 1991 . ed 351 248 * cigar , norman , : ' ' genocide in bosnia : the policy of ethnic - cleansing ' ' . college station : texas a & m university press , 1995 * cohen , lenard j . : ' ' broken bonds : the disintegration of yugoslavia ' ' . boulder , co : westview press , 1993 * conversi , daniele : ' ' german - bashing and the breakup of yugoslavia ' ' , the donald w . treadgold papers in russian , east european and central asian studies , no . 16 , march 1998 ( university of washington : hmj school of international studies ) http : / / easyweb . easynet . co . uk / conversi / german . html * dragnich , alex n . : ' ' serbs and croats . the struggle in yugoslavia ' ' . new york : harcourt brace jovanovich , 1992 * fisher , sharon : ' ' political change in post - communist slovakia and croatia : from nationalist to europeanist ' ' . new york : palgrave macmillan , 2006 isbn 1 4039 7286 9 * [[ misha glenny | glenny , mischa ]] : ' ' [[ the balkans : nationalism , war and the great powers , 1804 - 1999 ]] ' ' ( london : penguin books ltd , 2000 ) * [[ misha glenny | glenny , mischa ]] : ' ' the fall of yugoslavia : the third balkan war ' ' , isbn 0 - 14 - 026101 - x * gutman , roy . : ' ' a witness to genocide . the 1993 pulitzer prize - winning dispatches on the " ethnic cleansing " of bosnia ' ' . new york : macmillan , 1993 * hall , brian : the impossible country : a journey through the last days of yugoslavia . penguin books . new york , 1994 * harris , judy j . : ' ' yugoslavia today ' ' . southern social studies journal 16 ( fall 1990 ) : 78 – 101 . ej 430 520 * hayden , robert m . : blueprints for a house divided : the constitutional logic of the yugoslav conflicts . ann arbor : university of michigan press , 2000 * hoare , marko a . , ' ' a history of bosnia : from the middle ages to the present day ' ' . london : [[ saqi books | saqi ]] , 2007 * [[ barbara jelavich | jelavich , barbara ]] : ' ' history of the balkans : eighteenth and nineteenth centuries ' ' , volume 1 . new york : american council of learned societies , 1983 ed 236 093 * [[ barbara jelavich | jelavich , barbara ]] : ' ' [[ history of the balkans : twentieth century ]] ' ' , volume 2 . new york : american council of learned societies , 1983 . ed 236 094 * kohlmann , evan f . : ' ' al - qaida ' s jihad in europe : the afghan - bosnian network ' ' berg , new york 2004 , isbn 1 - 85973 - 802 - 8 ; isbn 1 - 85973 - 807 - 9 * [[ lampe , john r ]] : ' ' yugoslavia as history : twice there was a country ' ' great britain , cambridge , 1996 , isbn 0 521 46705 5 * owen , david : ' ' balkan odyssey ' ' harcourt ( harvest book ) , 1997 * ramet , sabrina : ' ' the three yugoslavias : state - building and legitimation , 1918 - 2003 ' ' . bloomington : indiana university press , 2006 * sacco , joe : ' ' safe area gorazde : the war in eastern bosnia 1992 - 1995 ' ' . fantagraphics books , january 2002 * silber , laura and allan little : ' ' yugoslavia : death of a nation ' ' . new york : penguin books , 1997 * [[ rebecca west | west , rebecca ]] : ' ' black lamb and gray falcon : a journey through yugoslavia ' ' . viking , 1941 * white , t . : ' ' another fool in the balkans - in the footsteps of rebbecca west ' ' . cadogan guides , london , 2006 * [ http : / / www . time . com / time / magazine / article / 0 , 9171 , 796967 , 00 . html time homepage : ' ' new power ' ' ] = = external links = = {{ commons | yugoslavia }} * [ http : / / digital . library . unt . edu / govdocs / crs / search . tkl ? q = yugoslavia & search _ crit = subject & search = search & date1 = anytime & date2 = anytime & type = form congressional research service ( crs ) reports regarding yugoslavia ] * [ http : / / vlib . iue . it / history / europe / yugoslavia . html european university institute yugoslavia ] * [ http : / / www . ohr . int / ohr - info / maps / maps ] * [ http : / / www . slobodnajugoslavija . com / slobodna jugoslavija ] * [ http : / / www . ericdigests . org / 1995 - 2 / bosnia . htm teaching about conflict and crisis in the former yugoslavia ] * [ http : / / books . google . com / books ? id = - 84 _ kkgmf2qc & printsec = frontcover & dq = yugoslavia & lr = & hl = de & sig = ehuyv6lzcu4v7njp _ iingo90aju # ppp15 , m1 the first yugoslavia : search for a viable political system , by alex n . dragnich ] * [ http : / / www . royalfamily . org / the official website of the royal family of serbia ] * [ http : / / news . bbc . co . uk / go / pr / fr / - / 1 / hi / world / europe / 4997380 . stm timeline : break - up of yugoslavia at bbc news ] * [ http : / / entertainment . timesonline . co . uk / tol / arts _ and _ entertainment / the _ tls / article3410344 . ece " where the west went wrong " ] : an article in the [ http : / / www . the - tls . co . uk tls ] by charles king about the dissolution of yugoslavia . * [ http : / / www . foia . cia . gov / cpe / esau / esau - 46 . pdf " yugoslavia : the outworn structure " ( [[ cia ]] ) report from november 1970 ] * the [ http : / / chnm . gmu . edu / 1989 / exhibits / collapse / essay collapse of communist yugoslavia ] {{ yug - timeline }} [[ pages in category " former socialist republics " ]] [[ category : yugoslavia | ]] [[ category : former countries in the balkans ]] [[ category : former countries in europe ]] [[ category : former slavic countries ]] [[ category : governments in exile during world war ii ]] [[ category : former monarchies ]] | [[ af : joegoslawië ]] [[ ar : يوغوسلافيا ]] [[ ast : yugoslavia ]] [[ az : yuqoslaviya ]] [[ be : югаславія ]] [[ be - x - old |
| 337769009 | 9 | {{ main | federal republic of yugoslavia }} {{ see also | kosovo war }} [[ file : yugoslaviamap . png | thumb | 250px | the federal republic of yugoslavia | consisted of montenegro and serbia ]] the [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( fry ) was formed on april 28 , 1992 , and it consisted of the former socialist republic of serbia and socialist republic of montenegro . the new constitution of yugoslavia was voted by the rest of mps , elected on federal one - party elections in 1986 . the war in the western parts of former yugoslavia ended in 1995 with u . s . - sponsored peace talks in [[ dayton , ohio ]] , which resulted in the so - called [[ dayton agreement ]] . in [[ kosovo ]] , throughout the 1990s , the leadership of the albanian population had been pursuing independence with a non - violent resistance in order to achieve independence for the province . in 1996 , albanians formed [[ kosovo liberation army ]] . the yugoslav reaction involved the indiscriminate use of force against civilian populations , and caused many ethnic - albanians to flee their homes . following the [[ racak incident ]] and unsuccessful [[ rambouillet agreement ]] in the early months of 1999 , nato proceeded to bombard serbia and montenegro for more than two months , until an agreement was brokered between nato and milošević ' s government , with russia acting as intermediary . yugoslavia withdrew its forces from kosovo , in return for nato retracting their pre - war demand for nato forces to enter serbia , resulting in 250 000 serbian and other non - albanian refugees . since june 1999 , the province has been governed by peace - keeping forces from nato and russia , although all parties continued to recognize it as a part of serbia until 2008 . kosovo declared independence in february 2008 , but is not yet a member of the united nations and is only recognised by 60 governments . milošević ' s rejection of claims of a first - round opposition victory in new elections for the federal presidency in september 2000 led to mass demonstrations in belgrade on october 5 and the collapse of the regime ' s authority . the opposition ' s candidate , [[ vojislav koštunica ]] took office as yugoslav president on october 6 , 2000 . the federal republic of yugoslavia was afterwards admitted to the united nations , at the end of 2000 . on saturday , march 31 , 2001 , milošević surrendered to yugoslav security forces from his home in belgrade , following a recent warrant for his arrest on charges of abuse of power and corruption . on june 28 he was driven to the yugoslav - bosnian border where shortly after he was placed in the custody of [[ sfor ]] officials , soon to be extradited to the [[ united nations ]] [[ international criminal tribunal for the former yugoslavia ]] . his trial on charges of [[ genocide ]] in bosnia and war crimes in croatia and in kosovo and metohija began at [[ the hague ]] on february 12 , 2002 , and he died there on 11 march 2006 , while his trial was still ongoing . on april 11 , 2002 , the yugoslav parliament passed a law allowing extradition of all persons charged with war crimes by the international criminal tribunal . in march 2002 , the governments of serbia and montenegro agreed to reform the fry in favour of a new , much weaker form of cooperation called [[ serbia and montenegro ]] . by order of the yugoslav federal parliament on february 4 , 2003 , yugoslavia , at least nominally , ceased to exist . a federal government remained in place in belgrade but assumed largely ceremonial powers . the individual governments of serbia and of montenegro conducted their respective affairs almost as though the two republics were independent . furthermore , customs were established along the traditional border crossings between the two republics . on may 21 , 2006 , 86 percent of eligible montenegrin voters turned out for a special referendum on the independence of [[ montenegro ]] from the state union with serbia . they voted 55 . 5 % in favor of independence , reaching the 55 % threshold set by the [[ european union ]] . on june 3 , 2006 , montenegro officially declared its independence , with serbia following suit two days later , effectively dissolving one of the last vestiges of the former yugoslavia . = = legacy = = = = = new states = = = countries created from the former yugoslavia : { | class = " wikitable " ! < center > ' ' ' [[ list of countries | name ]] ' ' ' < / center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' [[ capital city | capital ]] ' ' ' < / center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' [[ flag ]] ' ' ' < / center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' [[ coat of arms ]] ' ' ' < / center > | - | [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] | style = " width : 7em ; font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ sarajevo ]] | style = " width : 6em ; " | < center > [[ file : flag of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | 70px ]] < / center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : bosnia and herzegovina coats of arms modified . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | [[ croatia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ zagreb ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of croatia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of croatia . svg | 40px ]] < center > | - | [[ kosovo ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ pristina ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of kosovo . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of kosovo . svg | 40px ]] < center > | - | [[ macedonia ( country ) | macedonia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ skopje ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of macedonia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of the republic of macedonia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | [[ montenegro ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ podgorica ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of montenegro . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of montenegro . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | [[ serbia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ belgrade ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of serbia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of serbia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | [[ slovenia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ ljubljana ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of slovenia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of slovenia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | } * the [[ assembly of kosovo ]] declared independence from serbia in february 2008 . see [[ international recognition of kosovo ]] . the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , which applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004 . croatia applied for membership in 2004 . macedonia applied in 2004 , and will probably join by 2010 – 2015 . < ref > http : / / www . europeanvoice . com / article / 2008 / 12 / montenegro - applies - for - eu - membership / 63428 . aspx < / ref > . montenegro presented its official application to the european union , with the hopes of gaining eu candidate status by 2009 , although it has yet to be accepted . < ref > [ http : / / euobserver . com / 9 / 27301 montenegro files eu membership application ] < / ref > . the remaining three republics have yet to apply so their acceptance generally is not expected before 2015 . these states are signatories of [[ enlargement of the european union | various partnership agreements ]] with the european union . since 1 january 2007 , they have been encircled by member - states of eu ( and albania , which is encircled with them ) . = = = remaining cultural and ethnic ties = = = the similarity of the languages and the long history of common life have left many ties among the peoples of the new states , even though the individual state policies of the new states favour differentiation , particularly in language . the [[ serbo - croatian language ]] is linguistically a unique language , with several literary and spoken variants and also was the imposed means of communication used where other languages dominated ( [[ socialist republic of slovenia | slovenia ]] , [[ socialist republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] ) . now , separate sociolinguistic standards exist for the [[ bosnian language | bosnian ]] , [[ croatian language | croatian ]] and [[ serbian language | serbian ]] languages . although the sfry had no official language , technically there had been three official languages , along with minority languages official where minorities lived , but in all federal organs only serbo - croatian or croato - serbian was used and others were expected to use it as well . remembrance of the time of the joint state and its perceived positive attributes is referred to as [[ yugonostalgy ]] ( ' ' jugonostalgija ' ' ) . many aspects of yugonostalgia refer to the socialist system and the sense of social security it provided . there are still people from the former - yugoslavia who self - identify as [[ yugoslavs ]] , and commonly seen in demographics relating to ethnicity in today ' s independent states . = = miscellaneous = = * [[ asteroid ]] [[ 1554 yugoslavia ]] was discovered by [[ milorad b . protić ]] and named after yugoslavia . = = see also = = * [[ history of the balkans ]] * [[ history of europe ]] * [[ music of yugoslavia ]] * [[ yugoslav wars ]] = = references = = {{ reflist }} * {{ loc }} – [ http : / / lcweb2 . loc . gov / frd / cs / yutoc . html yugoslavia ] = = further reading = = * allcock , john b . : explaining yugoslavia . new york : columbia university press , 2000 * anne marie du preez bezdrob : ' ' sarajevo roses : war memoirs of a peacekeeper ' ' . oshun , 2002 . isbn 177007031 * chan , adrian : ' ' free to choose : a teacher ' s resource and activity guide to revolution and reform in eastern europe ' ' . stanford , ca : spice , 1991 . ed 351 248 * cigar , norman , : ' ' genocide in bosnia : the policy of ethnic - cleansing ' ' . college station : texas a & m university press , 1995 * cohen , lenard j . : ' ' broken bonds : the disintegration of yugoslavia ' ' . boulder , co : westview press , 1993 * conversi , daniele : ' ' german - bashing and the breakup of yugoslavia ' ' , the donald w . treadgold papers in russian , east european and central asian studies , no . 16 , march 1998 ( university of washington : hmj school of international studies ) http : / / easyweb . easynet . co . uk / conversi / german . html * dragnich , alex n . : ' ' serbs and croats . the struggle in yugoslavia ' ' . new york : harcourt brace jovanovich , 1992 * fisher , sharon : ' ' political change in post - communist slovakia and croatia : from nationalist to europeanist ' ' . new york : palgrave macmillan , 2006 isbn 1 4039 7286 9 * [[ misha glenny | glenny , mischa ]] : ' ' [[ the balkans : nationalism , war and the great powers , 1804 - 1999 ]] ' ' ( london : penguin books ltd , 2000 ) * [[ misha glenny | glenny , mischa ]] : ' ' the fall of yugoslavia : the third balkan war ' ' , isbn 0 - 14 - 026101 - x * gutman , roy . : ' ' a witness to genocide . the 1993 pulitzer prize - winning dispatches on the " ethnic cleansing " of bosnia ' ' . new york : macmillan , 1993 * hall , brian : the impossible country : a journey through the last days of yugoslavia . penguin books . new york , 1994 * harris , judy j . : ' ' yugoslavia today ' ' . southern social studies journal 16 ( fall 1990 ) : 78 – 101 . ej 430 520 * hayden , robert m . : blueprints for a house divided : the constitutional logic of the yugoslav conflicts . ann arbor : university of michigan press , 2000 * hoare , marko a . , ' ' a history of bosnia : from the middle ages to the present day ' ' . london : [[ saqi books | saqi ]] , 2007 * [[ barbara jelavich | jelavich , barbara ]] : ' ' history of the balkans : eighteenth and nineteenth centuries ' ' , volume 1 . new york : american council of learned societies , 1983 ed 236 093 * [[ barbara jelavich | jelavich , barbara ]] : ' ' [[ history of the balkans : twentieth century ]] ' ' , volume 2 . new york : american council of learned societies , 1983 . ed 236 094 * kohlmann , evan f . : ' ' al - qaida ' s jihad in europe : the afghan - bosnian network ' ' berg , new york 2004 , isbn 1 - 85973 - 802 - 8 ; isbn 1 - 85973 - 807 - 9 * [[ lampe , john r ]] : ' ' yugoslavia as history : twice there was a country ' ' great britain , cambridge , 1996 , isbn 0 521 46705 5 * owen , david : ' ' balkan odyssey ' ' harcourt ( harvest book ) , 1997 * ramet , sabrina : ' ' the three yugoslavias : state - building and legitimation , 1918 - 2003 ' ' . bloomington : indiana university press , 2006 * sacco , joe : ' ' safe area gorazde : the war in eastern bosnia 1992 - 1995 ' ' . fantagraphics books , january 2002 * silber , laura and allan little : ' ' yugoslavia : death of a nation ' ' . new york : penguin books , 1997 * [[ rebecca west | west , rebecca ]] : ' ' black lamb and gray falcon : a journey through yugoslavia ' ' . viking , 1941 * white , t . : ' ' another fool in the balkans - in the footsteps of rebbecca west ' ' . cadogan guides , london , 2006 * [ http : / / www . time . com / time / magazine / article / 0 , 9171 , 796967 , 00 . html time homepage : ' ' new power ' ' ] = = external links = = {{ commons | yugoslavia }} * [ http : / / digital . library . unt . edu / govdocs / crs / search . tkl ? q = yugoslavia & search _ crit = subject & search = search & date1 = anytime & date2 = anytime & type = form congressional research service ( crs ) reports regarding yugoslavia ] * [ http : / / vlib . iue . it / history / europe / yugoslavia . html european university institute yugoslavia ] * [ http : / / www . ohr . int / ohr - info / maps / maps ] * [ http : / / www . slobodnajugoslavija . com / slobodna jugoslavija ] * [ http : / / www . ericdigests . org / 1995 - 2 / bosnia . htm teaching about conflict and crisis in the former yugoslavia ] * [ http : / / books . google . com / books ? id = - 84 _ kkgmf2qc & printsec = frontcover & dq = yugoslavia & lr = & hl = de & sig = ehuyv6lzcu4v7njp _ iingo90aju # ppp15 , m1 the first yugoslavia : search for a viable political system , by alex n . dragnich ] * [ http : / / www . royalfamily . org / the official website of the royal family of serbia ] * [ http : / / news . bbc . co . uk / go / pr / fr / - / 1 / hi / world / europe / 4997380 . stm timeline : break - up of yugoslavia at bbc news ] * [ http : / / entertainment . timesonline . co . uk / tol / arts _ and _ entertainment / the _ tls / article3410344 . ece " where the west went wrong " ] : an article in the [ http : / / www . the - tls . co . uk tls ] by charles king about the dissolution of yugoslavia . * [ http : / / www . foia . cia . gov / cpe / esau / esau - 46 . pdf " yugoslavia : the outworn structure " ( [[ cia ]] ) report from november 1970 ] * the [ http : / / chnm . gmu . edu / 1989 / exhibits / collapse / essay collapse of communist yugoslavia ] {{ yug - timeline }} [[ pages in category " former socialist republics " ]] [[ category : yugoslavia | ]] [[ category : former countries in the balkans ]] [[ category : former countries in europe ]] [[ category : former slavic countries ]] [[ category : governments in exile during world war ii ]] [[ category : former monarchies ]] | {{ disambig }} | [[ af : joegoslawië ]] [[ ar : يوغوسلافيا ]] [[ ast : yugoslavia ]] [[ az : yuqoslaviya ]] [[ be : югаславія ]] [[ be - x - old |
| 337769485 | 16 | yugoslavia ( fpr yugoslavia ) * [[ serbia and montenegro ]] ( 1992 - 2006 ) , state union , initially a federal state known as the federal republic of yugoslavia | {{ disambig }} | consisted of montenegro and serbia ]] the [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( fry ) was formed on april 28 , 1992 , and it consisted of the former socialist republic of serbia and socialist republic of montenegro . the new constitution of yugoslavia was voted by the rest of mps , elected on federal one - party elections in 1986 . the war in the western parts of former yugoslavia ended in 1995 with u . s . - sponsored peace talks in [[ dayton , ohio ]] , which resulted in the so - called [[ dayton agreement ]] . in [[ kosovo ]] , throughout the 1990s , the leadership of the albanian population had been pursuing independence with a non - violent resistance in order to achieve independence for the province . in 1996 , albanians formed [[ kosovo liberation army ]] . the yugoslav reaction involved the indiscriminate use of force against civilian populations , and caused many ethnic - albanians to flee their homes . following the [[ racak incident ]] and unsuccessful [[ rambouillet agreement ]] in the early months of 1999 , nato proceeded to bombard serbia and montenegro for more than two months , until an agreement was brokered between nato and milošević ' s government , with russia acting as intermediary . yugoslavia withdrew its forces from kosovo , in return for nato retracting their pre - war demand for nato forces to enter serbia , resulting in 250 000 serbian and other non - albanian refugees . since june 1999 , the province has been governed by peace - keeping forces from nato and russia , although all parties continued to recognize it as a part of serbia until 2008 . kosovo declared independence in february 2008 , but is not yet a member of the united nations and is only recognised by 60 governments . milošević ' s rejection of claims of a first - round opposition victory in new elections for the federal presidency in september 2000 led to mass demonstrations in belgrade on october 5 and the collapse of the regime ' s authority . the opposition ' s candidate , [[ vojislav koštunica ]] took office as yugoslav president on october 6 , 2000 . the federal republic of yugoslavia was afterwards admitted to the united nations , at the end of 2000 . on saturday , march 31 , 2001 , milošević surrendered to yugoslav security forces from his home in belgrade , following a recent warrant for his arrest on charges of abuse of power and corruption . on june 28 he was driven to the yugoslav - bosnian border where shortly after he was placed in the custody of [[ sfor ]] officials , soon to be extradited to the [[ united nations ]] [[ international criminal tribunal for the former yugoslavia ]] . his trial on charges of [[ genocide ]] in bosnia and war crimes in croatia and in kosovo and metohija began at [[ the hague ]] on february 12 , 2002 , and he died there on 11 march 2006 , while his trial was still ongoing . on april 11 , 2002 , the yugoslav parliament passed a law allowing extradition of all persons charged with war crimes by the international criminal tribunal . in march 2002 , the governments of serbia and montenegro agreed to reform the fry in favour of a new , much weaker form of cooperation called [[ serbia and montenegro ]] . by order of the yugoslav federal parliament on february 4 , 2003 , yugoslavia , at least nominally , ceased to exist . a federal government remained in place in belgrade but assumed largely ceremonial powers . the individual governments of serbia and of montenegro conducted their respective affairs almost as though the two republics were independent . furthermore , customs were established along the traditional border crossings between the two republics . on may 21 , 2006 , 86 percent of eligible montenegrin voters turned out for a special referendum on the independence of [[ montenegro ]] from the state union with serbia . they voted 55 . 5 % in favor of independence , reaching the 55 % threshold set by the [[ european union ]] . on june 3 , 2006 , montenegro officially declared its independence , with serbia following suit two days later , effectively dissolving one of the last vestiges of the former yugoslavia . = = legacy = = = = = new states = = = countries created from the former yugoslavia : { | class = " wikitable " ! < center > ' ' ' [[ list of countries | name ]] ' ' ' < / center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' [[ capital city | capital ]] ' ' ' < / center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' [[ flag ]] ' ' ' < / center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' [[ coat of arms ]] ' ' ' < / center > | - | [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] | style = " width : 7em ; font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ sarajevo ]] | style = " width : 6em ; " | < center > [[ file : flag of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | 70px ]] < / center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : bosnia and herzegovina coats of arms modified . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | [[ croatia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ zagreb ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of croatia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of croatia . svg | 40px ]] < center > | - | [[ kosovo ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ pristina ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of kosovo . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of kosovo . svg | 40px ]] < center > | - | [[ macedonia ( country ) | macedonia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ skopje ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of macedonia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of the republic of macedonia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | [[ montenegro ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ podgorica ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of montenegro . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of montenegro . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | [[ serbia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ belgrade ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of serbia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of serbia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | [[ slovenia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ ljubljana ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of slovenia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of slovenia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | } * the [[ assembly of kosovo ]] declared independence from serbia in february 2008 . see [[ international recognition of kosovo ]] . the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , which applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004 . croatia applied for membership in 2004 . macedonia applied in 2004 , and will probably join by 2010 – 2015 . < ref > http : / / www . europeanvoice . com / article / 2008 / 12 / montenegro - applies - for - eu - membership / 63428 . aspx < / ref > . montenegro presented its official application to the european union , with the hopes of gaining eu candidate status by 2009 , although it has yet to be accepted . < ref > [ http : / / euobserver . com / 9 / 27301 montenegro files eu membership application ] < / ref > . the remaining three republics have yet to apply so their acceptance generally is not expected before 2015 . these states are signatories of [[ enlargement of the european union | various partnership agreements ]] with the european union . since 1 january 2007 , they have been encircled by member - states of eu ( and albania , which is encircled with them ) . = = = remaining cultural and ethnic ties = = = the similarity of the languages and the long history of common life have left many ties among the peoples of the new states , even though the individual state policies of the new states favour differentiation , particularly in language . the [[ serbo - croatian language ]] is linguistically a unique language , with several literary and spoken variants and also was the imposed means of communication used where other languages dominated ( [[ socialist republic of slovenia | slovenia ]] , [[ socialist republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] ) . now , separate sociolinguistic standards exist for the [[ bosnian language | bosnian ]] , [[ croatian language | croatian ]] and [[ serbian language | serbian ]] languages . although the sfry had no official language , technically there had been three official languages , along with minority languages official where minorities lived , but in all federal organs only serbo - croatian or croato - serbian was used and others were expected to use it as well . remembrance of the time of the joint state and its perceived positive attributes is referred to as [[ yugonostalgy ]] ( ' ' jugonostalgija ' ' ) . many aspects of yugonostalgia refer to the socialist system and the sense of social security it provided . there are still people from the former - yugoslavia who self - identify as [[ yugoslavs ]] , and commonly seen in demographics relating to ethnicity in today ' s independent states . = = miscellaneous = = * [[ asteroid ]] [[ 1554 yugoslavia ]] was discovered by [[ milorad b . protić ]] and named after yugoslavia . = = see also = = * [[ history of the balkans ]] * [[ history of europe ]] * [[ music of yugoslavia ]] * [[ yugoslav wars ]] = = references = = {{ reflist }} * {{ loc }} – [ http : / / lcweb2 . loc . gov / frd / cs / yutoc . html yugoslavia ] = = further reading = = * allcock , john b . : explaining yugoslavia . new york : columbia university press , 2000 * anne marie du preez bezdrob : ' ' sarajevo roses : war memoirs of a peacekeeper ' ' . oshun , 2002 . isbn 177007031 * chan , adrian : ' ' free to choose : a teacher ' s resource and activity guide to revolution and reform in eastern europe ' ' . stanford , ca : spice , 1991 . ed 351 248 * cigar , norman , : ' ' genocide in bosnia : the policy of ethnic - cleansing ' ' . college station : texas a & m university press , 1995 * cohen , lenard j . : ' ' broken bonds : the disintegration of yugoslavia ' ' . boulder , co : westview press , 1993 * conversi , daniele : ' ' german - bashing and the breakup of yugoslavia ' ' , the donald w . treadgold papers in russian , east european and central asian studies , no . 16 , march 1998 ( university of washington : hmj school of international studies ) http : / / easyweb . easynet . co . uk / conversi / german . html * dragnich , alex n . : ' ' serbs and croats . the struggle in yugoslavia ' ' . new york : harcourt brace jovanovich , 1992 * fisher , sharon : ' ' political change in post - communist slovakia and croatia : from nationalist to europeanist ' ' . new york : palgrave macmillan , 2006 isbn 1 4039 7286 9 * [[ misha glenny | glenny , mischa ]] : ' ' [[ the balkans : nationalism , war and the great powers , 1804 - 1999 ]] ' ' ( london : penguin books ltd , 2000 ) * [[ misha glenny | glenny , mischa ]] : ' ' the fall of yugoslavia : the third balkan war ' ' , isbn 0 - 14 - 026101 - x * gutman , roy . : ' ' a witness to genocide . the 1993 pulitzer prize - winning dispatches on the " ethnic cleansing " of bosnia ' ' . new york : macmillan , 1993 * hall , brian : the impossible country : a journey through the last days of yugoslavia . penguin books . new york , 1994 * harris , judy j . : ' ' yugoslavia today ' ' . southern social studies journal 16 ( fall 1990 ) : 78 – 101 . ej 430 520 * hayden , robert m . : blueprints for a house divided : the constitutional logic of the yugoslav conflicts . ann arbor : university of michigan press , 2000 * hoare , marko a . , ' ' a history of bosnia : from the middle ages to the present day ' ' . london : [[ saqi books | saqi ]] , 2007 * [[ barbara jelavich | jelavich , barbara ]] : ' ' history of the balkans : eighteenth and nineteenth centuries ' ' , volume 1 . new york : american council of learned societies , 1983 ed 236 093 * [[ barbara jelavich | jelavich , barbara ]] : ' ' [[ history of the balkans : twentieth century ]] ' ' , volume 2 . new york : american council of learned societies , 1983 . ed 236 094 * kohlmann , evan f . : ' ' al - qaida ' s jihad in europe : the afghan - bosnian network ' ' berg , new york 2004 , isbn 1 - 85973 - 802 - 8 ; isbn 1 - 85973 - 807 - 9 * [[ lampe , john r ]] : ' ' yugoslavia as history : twice there was a country ' ' great britain , cambridge , 1996 , isbn 0 521 46705 5 * owen , david : ' ' balkan odyssey ' ' harcourt ( harvest book ) , 1997 * ramet , sabrina : ' ' the three yugoslavias : state - building and legitimation , 1918 - 2003 ' ' . bloomington : indiana university press , 2006 * sacco , joe : ' ' safe area gorazde : the war in eastern bosnia 1992 - 1995 ' ' . fantagraphics books , january 2002 * silber , laura and allan little : ' ' yugoslavia : death of a nation ' ' . new york : penguin books , 1997 * [[ rebecca west | west , rebecca ]] : ' ' black lamb and gray falcon : a journey through yugoslavia ' ' . viking , 1941 * white , t . : ' ' another fool in the balkans - in the footsteps of rebbecca west ' ' . cadogan guides , london , 2006 * [ http : / / www . time . com / time / magazine / article / 0 , 9171 , 796967 , 00 . html time homepage : ' ' new power ' ' ] = = external links = = {{ commons | yugoslavia }} * [ http : / / digital . library . unt . edu / govdocs / crs / search . tkl ? q = yugoslavia & search _ crit = subject & search = search & date1 = anytime & date2 = anytime & type = form congressional research service ( crs ) reports regarding yugoslavia ] * [ http : / / vlib . iue . it / history / europe / yugoslavia . html european university institute yugoslavia ] * [ http : / / www . ohr . int / ohr - info / maps / maps ] * [ http : / / www . slobodnajugoslavija . com / slobodna jugoslavija ] * [ http : / / www . ericdigests . org / 1995 - 2 / bosnia . htm teaching about conflict and crisis in the former yugoslavia ] * [ http : / / books . google . com / books ? id = - 84 _ kkgmf2qc & printsec = frontcover & dq = yugoslavia & lr = & hl = de & sig = ehuyv6lzcu4v7njp _ iingo90aju # ppp15 , m1 the first yugoslavia : search for a viable political system , by alex n . dragnich ] * [ http : / / www . royalfamily . org / the official website of the royal family of serbia ] * [ http : / / news . bbc . co . uk / go / pr / fr / - / 1 / hi / world / europe / 4997380 . stm timeline : break - up of yugoslavia at bbc news ] * [ http : / / entertainment . timesonline . co . uk / tol / arts _ and _ entertainment / the _ tls / article3410344 . ece " where the west went wrong " ] : an article in the [ http : / / www . the - tls . co . uk tls ] by charles king about the dissolution of yugoslavia . * [ http : / / www . foia . cia . gov / cpe / esau / esau - 46 . pdf " yugoslavia : the outworn structure " ( [[ cia ]] ) report from november 1970 ] * the [ http : / / chnm . gmu . edu / 1989 / exhibits / collapse / essay collapse of communist yugoslavia ] {{ yug - timeline }} [[ pages in category " former socialist republics " ]] [[ category : yugoslavia | ]] [[ category : former countries in the balkans ]] [[ category : former countries in europe ]] [[ category : former slavic countries ]] [[ category : governments in exile during world war ii ]] [[ category : former monarchies ]] | [[ af : joegoslawië ]] [[ ar : يوغوسلافيا ]] [[ ast : yugoslavia ]] [[ az : yuqoslaviya ]] [[ be : югаславія ]] [[ be - x - old |
| 337777732 | 9 | {{ main | federal republic of yugoslavia }} {{ see also | kosovo war }} [[ file : yugoslaviamap . png | thumb | 250px | the federal republic of yugoslavia | consisted of montenegro and serbia ]] the [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( fry ) was formed on april 28 , 1992 , and it consisted of the former socialist republic of serbia and socialist republic of montenegro . the new constitution of yugoslavia was voted by the rest of mps , elected on federal one - party elections in 1986 . the war in the western parts of former yugoslavia ended in 1995 with u . s . - sponsored peace talks in [[ dayton , ohio ]] , which resulted in the so - called [[ dayton agreement ]] . in [[ kosovo ]] , throughout the 1990s , the leadership of the albanian population had been pursuing independence with a non - violent resistance in order to achieve independence for the province . in 1996 , albanians formed [[ kosovo liberation army ]] . the yugoslav reaction involved the indiscriminate use of force against civilian populations , and caused many ethnic - albanians to flee their homes . following the [[ racak incident ]] and unsuccessful [[ rambouillet agreement ]] in the early months of 1999 , nato proceeded to bombard serbia and montenegro for more than two months , until an agreement was brokered between nato and milošević ' s government , with russia acting as intermediary . yugoslavia withdrew its forces from kosovo , in return for nato retracting their pre - war demand for nato forces to enter serbia , resulting in 250 000 serbian and other non - albanian refugees . since june 1999 , the province has been governed by peace - keeping forces from nato and russia , although all parties continued to recognize it as a part of serbia until 2008 . kosovo declared independence in february 2008 , but is not yet a member of the united nations and is only recognised by 60 governments . milošević ' s rejection of claims of a first - round opposition victory in new elections for the federal presidency in september 2000 led to mass demonstrations in belgrade on october 5 and the collapse of the regime ' s authority . the opposition ' s candidate , [[ vojislav koštunica ]] took office as yugoslav president on october 6 , 2000 . the federal republic of yugoslavia was afterwards admitted to the united nations , at the end of 2000 . on saturday , march 31 , 2001 , milošević surrendered to yugoslav security forces from his home in belgrade , following a recent warrant for his arrest on charges of abuse of power and corruption . on june 28 he was driven to the yugoslav - bosnian border where shortly after he was placed in the custody of [[ sfor ]] officials , soon to be extradited to the [[ united nations ]] [[ international criminal tribunal for the former yugoslavia ]] . his trial on charges of [[ genocide ]] in bosnia and war crimes in croatia and in kosovo and metohija began at [[ the hague ]] on february 12 , 2002 , and he died there on 11 march 2006 , while his trial was still ongoing . on april 11 , 2002 , the yugoslav parliament passed a law allowing extradition of all persons charged with war crimes by the international criminal tribunal . in march 2002 , the governments of serbia and montenegro agreed to reform the fry in favour of a new , much weaker form of cooperation called [[ serbia and montenegro ]] . by order of the yugoslav federal parliament on february 4 , 2003 , yugoslavia , at least nominally , ceased to exist . a federal government remained in place in belgrade but assumed largely ceremonial powers . the individual governments of serbia and of montenegro conducted their respective affairs almost as though the two republics were independent . furthermore , customs were established along the traditional border crossings between the two republics . on may 21 , 2006 , 86 percent of eligible montenegrin voters turned out for a special referendum on the independence of [[ montenegro ]] from the state union with serbia . they voted 55 . 5 % in favor of independence , reaching the 55 % threshold set by the [[ european union ]] . on june 3 , 2006 , montenegro officially declared its independence , with serbia following suit two days later , effectively dissolving one of the last vestiges of the former yugoslavia . = = legacy = = = = = new states = = = countries created from the former yugoslavia : { | class = " wikitable " ! < center > ' ' ' [[ list of countries | name ]] ' ' ' < / center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' [[ capital city | capital ]] ' ' ' < / center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' [[ flag ]] ' ' ' < / center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' [[ coat of arms ]] ' ' ' < / center > | - | [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] | style = " width : 7em ; font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ sarajevo ]] | style = " width : 6em ; " | < center > [[ file : flag of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | 70px ]] < / center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : bosnia and herzegovina coats of arms modified . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | [[ croatia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ zagreb ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of croatia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of croatia . svg | 40px ]] < center > | - | [[ kosovo ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ pristina ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of kosovo . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of kosovo . svg | 40px ]] < center > | - | [[ macedonia ( country ) | macedonia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ skopje ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of macedonia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of the republic of macedonia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | [[ montenegro ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ podgorica ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of montenegro . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of montenegro . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | [[ serbia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ belgrade ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of serbia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of serbia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | [[ slovenia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ ljubljana ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of slovenia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of slovenia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | } * the [[ assembly of kosovo ]] declared independence from serbia in february 2008 . see [[ international recognition of kosovo ]] . the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , which applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004 . croatia applied for membership in 2004 . macedonia applied in 2004 , and will probably join by 2010 – 2015 . < ref > http : / / www . europeanvoice . com / article / 2008 / 12 / montenegro - applies - for - eu - membership / 63428 . aspx < / ref > . montenegro presented its official application to the european union , with the hopes of gaining eu candidate status by 2009 , although it has yet to be accepted . < ref > [ http : / / euobserver . com / 9 / 27301 montenegro files eu membership application ] < / ref > . the remaining three republics have yet to apply so their acceptance generally is not expected before 2015 . these states are signatories of [[ enlargement of the european union | various partnership agreements ]] with the european union . since 1 january 2007 , they have been encircled by member - states of eu ( and albania , which is encircled with them ) . = = = remaining cultural and ethnic ties = = = the similarity of the languages and the long history of common life have left many ties among the peoples of the new states , even though the individual state policies of the new states favour differentiation , particularly in language . the [[ serbo - croatian language ]] is linguistically a unique language , with several literary and spoken variants and also was the imposed means of communication used where other languages dominated ( [[ socialist republic of slovenia | slovenia ]] , [[ socialist republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] ) . now , separate sociolinguistic standards exist for the [[ bosnian language | bosnian ]] , [[ croatian language | croatian ]] and [[ serbian language | serbian ]] languages . although the sfry had no official language , technically there had been three official languages , along with minority languages official where minorities lived , but in all federal organs only serbo - croatian or croato - serbian was used and others were expected to use it as well . remembrance of the time of the joint state and its perceived positive attributes is referred to as [[ yugonostalgy ]] ( ' ' jugonostalgija ' ' ) . many aspects of yugonostalgia refer to the socialist system and the sense of social security it provided . there are still people from the former - yugoslavia who self - identify as [[ yugoslavs ]] , and commonly seen in demographics relating to ethnicity in today ' s independent states . = = miscellaneous = = * [[ asteroid ]] [[ 1554 yugoslavia ]] was discovered by [[ milorad b . protić ]] and named after yugoslavia . = = see also = = * [[ history of the balkans ]] * [[ history of europe ]] * [[ music of yugoslavia ]] * [[ yugoslav wars ]] = = references = = {{ reflist }} * {{ loc }} – [ http : / / lcweb2 . loc . gov / frd / cs / yutoc . html yugoslavia ] = = further reading = = * allcock , john b . : explaining yugoslavia . new york : columbia university press , 2000 * anne marie du preez bezdrob : ' ' sarajevo roses : war memoirs of a peacekeeper ' ' . oshun , 2002 . isbn 177007031 * chan , adrian : ' ' free to choose : a teacher ' s resource and activity guide to revolution and reform in eastern europe ' ' . stanford , ca : spice , 1991 . ed 351 248 * cigar , norman , : ' ' genocide in bosnia : the policy of ethnic - cleansing ' ' . college station : texas a & m university press , 1995 * cohen , lenard j . : ' ' broken bonds : the disintegration of yugoslavia ' ' . boulder , co : westview press , 1993 * conversi , daniele : ' ' german - bashing and the breakup of yugoslavia ' ' , the donald w . treadgold papers in russian , east european and central asian studies , no . 16 , march 1998 ( university of washington : hmj school of international studies ) http : / / easyweb . easynet . co . uk / conversi / german . html * dragnich , alex n . : ' ' serbs and croats . the struggle in yugoslavia ' ' . new york : harcourt brace jovanovich , 1992 * fisher , sharon : ' ' political change in post - communist slovakia and croatia : from nationalist to europeanist ' ' . new york : palgrave macmillan , 2006 isbn 1 4039 7286 9 * [[ misha glenny | glenny , mischa ]] : ' ' [[ the balkans : nationalism , war and the great powers , 1804 - 1999 ]] ' ' ( london : penguin books ltd , 2000 ) * [[ misha glenny | glenny , mischa ]] : ' ' the fall of yugoslavia : the third balkan war ' ' , isbn 0 - 14 - 026101 - x * gutman , roy . : ' ' a witness to genocide . the 1993 pulitzer prize - winning dispatches on the " ethnic cleansing " of bosnia ' ' . new york : macmillan , 1993 * hall , brian : the impossible country : a journey through the last days of yugoslavia . penguin books . new york , 1994 * harris , judy j . : ' ' yugoslavia today ' ' . southern social studies journal 16 ( fall 1990 ) : 78 – 101 . ej 430 520 * hayden , robert m . : blueprints for a house divided : the constitutional logic of the yugoslav conflicts . ann arbor : university of michigan press , 2000 * hoare , marko a . , ' ' a history of bosnia : from the middle ages to the present day ' ' . london : [[ saqi books | saqi ]] , 2007 * [[ barbara jelavich | jelavich , barbara ]] : ' ' history of the balkans : eighteenth and nineteenth centuries ' ' , volume 1 . new york : american council of learned societies , 1983 ed 236 093 * [[ barbara jelavich | jelavich , barbara ]] : ' ' [[ history of the balkans : twentieth century ]] ' ' , volume 2 . new york : american council of learned societies , 1983 . ed 236 094 * kohlmann , evan f . : ' ' al - qaida ' s jihad in europe : the afghan - bosnian network ' ' berg , new york 2004 , isbn 1 - 85973 - 802 - 8 ; isbn 1 - 85973 - 807 - 9 * [[ lampe , john r ]] : ' ' yugoslavia as history : twice there was a country ' ' great britain , cambridge , 1996 , isbn 0 521 46705 5 * owen , david : ' ' balkan odyssey ' ' harcourt ( harvest book ) , 1997 * ramet , sabrina : ' ' the three yugoslavias : state - building and legitimation , 1918 - 2003 ' ' . bloomington : indiana university press , 2006 * sacco , joe : ' ' safe area gorazde : the war in eastern bosnia 1992 - 1995 ' ' . fantagraphics books , january 2002 * silber , laura and allan little : ' ' yugoslavia : death of a nation ' ' . new york : penguin books , 1997 * [[ rebecca west | west , rebecca ]] : ' ' black lamb and gray falcon : a journey through yugoslavia ' ' . viking , 1941 * white , t . : ' ' another fool in the balkans - in the footsteps of rebbecca west ' ' . cadogan guides , london , 2006 * [ http : / / www . time . com / time / magazine / article / 0 , 9171 , 796967 , 00 . html time homepage : ' ' new power ' ' ] = = external links = = {{ commons | yugoslavia }} * [ http : / / digital . library . unt . edu / govdocs / crs / search . tkl ? q = yugoslavia & search _ crit = subject & search = search & date1 = anytime & date2 = anytime & type = form congressional research service ( crs ) reports regarding yugoslavia ] * [ http : / / vlib . iue . it / history / europe / yugoslavia . html european university institute yugoslavia ] * [ http : / / www . ohr . int / ohr - info / maps / maps ] * [ http : / / www . slobodnajugoslavija . com / slobodna jugoslavija ] * [ http : / / www . ericdigests . org / 1995 - 2 / bosnia . htm teaching about conflict and crisis in the former yugoslavia ] * [ http : / / books . google . com / books ? id = - 84 _ kkgmf2qc & printsec = frontcover & dq = yugoslavia & lr = & hl = de & sig = ehuyv6lzcu4v7njp _ iingo90aju # ppp15 , m1 the first yugoslavia : search for a viable political system , by alex n . dragnich ] * [ http : / / www . royalfamily . org / the official website of the royal family of serbia ] * [ http : / / news . bbc . co . uk / go / pr / fr / - / 1 / hi / world / europe / 4997380 . stm timeline : break - up of yugoslavia at bbc news ] * [ http : / / entertainment . timesonline . co . uk / tol / arts _ and _ entertainment / the _ tls / article3410344 . ece " where the west went wrong " ] : an article in the [ http : / / www . the - tls . co . uk tls ] by charles king about the dissolution of yugoslavia . * [ http : / / www . foia . cia . gov / cpe / esau / esau - 46 . pdf " yugoslavia : the outworn structure " ( [[ cia ]] ) report from november 1970 ] * the [ http : / / chnm . gmu . edu / 1989 / exhibits / collapse / essay collapse of communist yugoslavia ] {{ yug - timeline }} [[ pages in category " former socialist republics " ]] [[ category : yugoslavia | ]] [[ category : former countries in the balkans ]] [[ category : former countries in europe ]] [[ category : former slavic countries ]] [[ category : governments in exile during world war ii ]] [[ category : former monarchies ]] | {{ disambig }} | [[ af : joegoslawië ]] [[ ar : يوغوسلافيا ]] [[ ast : yugoslavia ]] [[ az : yuqoslaviya ]] [[ be : югаславія ]] [[ be - x - old |
| 338545828 | 17 | federal state , eventually became known in 2003 as a state union of serbia and montenegro = = see also = = * [[ history of yugoslavia ]] {{ disambig }} | the balkans : eighteenth and nineteenth centuries ' ' , volume 1 . new york : american council of learned societies , 1983 ed 236 093 * [[ barbara jelavich | jelavich , barbara ]] : ' ' [[ history of the balkans : twentieth century ]] ' ' , volume 2 . new york : american council of learned societies , 1983 . ed 236 094 * kohlmann , evan f . : ' ' al - qaida ' s jihad in europe : the afghan - bosnian network ' ' berg , new york 2004 , isbn 1 - 85973 - 802 - 8 ; isbn 1 - 85973 - 807 - 9 * [[ lampe , john r ]] : ' ' yugoslavia as history : twice there was a country ' ' great britain , cambridge , 1996 , isbn 0 521 46705 5 * owen , david : ' ' balkan odyssey ' ' harcourt ( harvest book ) , 1997 * ramet , sabrina : ' ' the three yugoslavias : state - building and legitimation , 1918 - 2003 ' ' . bloomington : indiana university press , 2006 * sacco , joe : ' ' safe area gorazde : the war in eastern bosnia 1992 - 1995 ' ' . fantagraphics books , january 2002 * silber , laura and allan little : ' ' yugoslavia : death of a nation ' ' . new york : penguin books , 1997 * [[ rebecca west | west , rebecca ]] : ' ' black lamb and gray falcon : a journey through yugoslavia ' ' . viking , 1941 * white , t . : ' ' another fool in the balkans - in the footsteps of rebbecca west ' ' . cadogan guides , london , 2006 * [ http : / / www . time . com / time / magazine / article / 0 , 9171 , 796967 , 00 . html time homepage : ' ' new power ' ' ] = = external links = = {{ commons | yugoslavia }} * [ http : / / digital . library . unt . edu / govdocs / crs / search . tkl ? q = yugoslavia & search _ crit = subject & search = search & date1 = anytime & date2 = anytime & type = form congressional research service ( crs ) reports regarding yugoslavia ] * [ http : / / vlib . iue . it / history / europe / yugoslavia . html european university institute yugoslavia ] * [ http : / / www . ohr . int / ohr - info / maps / maps ] * [ http : / / www . slobodnajugoslavija . com / slobodna jugoslavija ] * [ http : / / www . ericdigests . org / 1995 - 2 / bosnia . htm teaching about conflict and crisis in the former yugoslavia ] * [ http : / / books . google . com / books ? id = - 84 _ kkgmf2qc & printsec = frontcover & dq = yugoslavia & lr = & hl = de & sig = ehuyv6lzcu4v7njp _ iingo90aju # ppp15 , m1 the first yugoslavia : search for a viable political system , by alex n . dragnich ] * [ http : / / www . royalfamily . org / the official website of the royal family of serbia ] * [ http : / / news . bbc . co . uk / go / pr / fr / - / 1 / hi / world / europe / 4997380 . stm timeline : break - up of yugoslavia at bbc news ] * [ http : / / entertainment . timesonline . co . uk / tol / arts _ and _ entertainment / the _ tls / article3410344 . ece " where the west went wrong " ] : an article in the [ http : / / www . the - tls . co . uk tls ] by charles king about the dissolution of yugoslavia . * [ http : / / www . foia . cia . gov / cpe / esau / esau - 46 . pdf " yugoslavia : the outworn structure " ( [[ cia ]] ) report from november 1970 ] * the [ http : / / chnm . gmu . edu / 1989 / exhibits / collapse / essay collapse of communist yugoslavia ] {{ yug - timeline }} [[ pages in category " former socialist republics " ]] [[ category : yugoslavia | ]] [[ category : former countries in the balkans ]] [[ category : former countries in europe ]] [[ category : former slavic countries ]] [[ category : governments in exile during world war ii ]] [[ category : former monarchies ]] | [[ af : joegoslawië ]] [[ ar : يوغوسلافيا ]] [[ ast : yugoslavia ]] [[ az : yuqoslaviya ]] [[ be : югаславія ]] [[ be - x - old | |
| 366411229 | 0 | category : former countries in europe ]] [[ category : former slavic countries ]] [[ category : governments in exile during world war ii ]] [[ category : former monarchies ]] | {{ link ga | no }} | [[ af : joego - slawië ]] [[ ar : يوغوسلافيا ]] [[ ast : yugoslavia ]] [[ az : yuqoslaviya ]] [[ be : югаславія ]] [[ be - x |
| left_string | del_string | ins_string | right_string | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 202246 | 0 | level domain ) : < / b > yu < i > from the [[ cia world factbook ]] 2000 , with some wikification : < / i > * [[ | history of | yugoslavia / history | history ]] * [[ yugoslavia / geography | geography ]] * [[ yugoslavia / people | people ]] * [[ yugoslavia / government | government ]] * | |
| 458439 | 0 | ]] [[ fr : yougoslavie ]] < div style = " float : right " > [[ image : yugoslavia _ flag _ medium . png ]] < / div > | the flag is wrong . thats not right . it should have a star in the middle . tisk tisk . | the federal republic of ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' is a country in southeastern [[ europe ]] , formed in [[ 1918 ]] as the [[ kingdom of serbs | |
| 544511 | 0 | ]] [[ fr : yougoslavie ]] < div style = " float : right " > [[ image : yugoslavia _ flag _ medium . png ]] < / div > | the flag is wrong . thats not right . it should have a star in the middle . tisk tisk . | the federal republic of ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' is a country in southeastern [[ europe ]] , formed in [[ 1918 ]] as the [[ kingdom of serbs | |
| 642225 | 0 | ]] [[ fr : yougoslavie ]] < div style = " float : right " > [[ image : yugoslavia _ flag _ medium . png ]] < / div > | until 4th february , 2003 | the federal republic of ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' is a country in southeastern [[ europe ]] , formed in [[ 1918 ]] as the [[ kingdom of serbs | |
| 1212343 | 2 | pl : jugos % b3awia ]] < div style = " float : right " > [[ image : yugoslavia _ flag _ medium . png ]] < / div > | until [[ february 4 ]] , [[ 2003 ]] | the federal republic of ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' existed as a country in southeastern [[ europe ]] . yugoslavia formed in [[ 1918 ]] as the [[ kingdom | |
| 1298298 | 23 | yugoslavia . - - - - < div style = " float : right " > [[ image : yugoslavia _ flag _ medium . png ]] < / div > | the ' ' ' federal republic of yugoslavia ' ' ' existed as a country in southeastern [[ europe ]] from [[ november 29 ]] , [[ 1943 ]] to [[ february 4 ]] , [[ 2003 ]] . | yugoslavia formed in [[ 1918 ]] as the [[ kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ]] , renamed the " kingdom of yugoslavia " in [[ 1929 ]] . after | |
| 177756970 | 5 | ( now podgorica ) , # socialist republic of [[ serbia ]] , with the capital in [[ belgrade ]] , which also contained : < br / > 5a . | [[ | socialist autonomous district of [[ kosovo ]] and metohija , with the capital in [[ priština ]] < br / > 5b . socialist autonomous province of [[ vojvodina ]] , | |
| 7 | contained : < br / > 5a . socialist autonomous district of [[ kosovo ]] and metohija , with the capital in [[ priština ]] < br / > 5b . | [[ | socialist autonomous province of [[ vojvodina ]] , with the capital in [[ novi sad ]] # socialist republic of [[ slovenia ]] , with the capital in [[ ljubljana ]] | ||
| 241098556 | 2 | titograd ]] ( now podgorica ) , # [[ socialist republic of serbia ]] , with the capital in [[ belgrade ]] , which also contained : < br / > | 5a . | [[ socialist autonomous province of kosovo ]] and metohija , with the capital in [[ priština ]] < br / > 5b . [[ socialist autonomous province of vojvodina ]] , | |
| 241192200 | 0 | titograd ]] ( now podgorica ) , # [[ socialist republic of serbia ]] , with the capital in [[ belgrade ]] , which also contained : < br / > | 5a . | [[ socialist autonomous province of kosovo ]] < br / > 5a . [[ socialist autonomous province of vojvodina ]] , with the capital in [[ novi sad ]] # [[ | |
| 1 | of serbia ]] , with the capital in [[ belgrade ]] , which also contained : < br / > [[ socialist autonomous province of kosovo ]] < br / > | 5a | 5b | . [[ socialist autonomous province of vojvodina ]] , with the capital in [[ novi sad ]] # [[ socialist republic of slovenia ]] , with the capital in [[ ljubljana | |
| 241485481 | 0 | titograd ]] ( now podgorica ) , # [[ socialist republic of serbia ]] , with the capital in [[ belgrade ]] , which also contained : < br / > | 5a . | 5a . | [[ socialist autonomous province of kosovo ]] < br / > 5b . [[ socialist autonomous province of vojvodina ]] , with the capital in [[ novi sad ]] # [[ |
| 254441345 | 1 | _ declaration _ of _ independence # international _ reaction | in dispute ]] ) < / center > image : flag of macedonia . svg | < center > [[ | former yugoslav | republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] < / center > image : flag of montenegro . svg | < center > [[ montenegro ]] < / center > image : flag | |
| 254442227 | 4 | _ independence # international _ reaction | in dispute ]] ) < / center > image : flag of former yugoslav republic of macedonia . svg | < center > [[ | former yugoslav | republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] < / center > image : flag of montenegro . svg | < center > [[ montenegro ]] < / center > image : flag | |
| 257716886 | 1 | center > image : flag of croatia . svg | < center > [[ croatia ]] < / center > image : flag of kosovo . svg | < center > | ' ' | [[ kosovo ]] ' ' < br > ( status as an independent country is [[ 2008 _ kosovo _ declaration _ of _ independence # international _ reaction | in | |
| 257769716 | 19 | > image : flag of croatia . svg | < center > [[ croatia ]] < / center > image : flag of macedonia . svg | < center > [[ | skopje ]] | < center > [[ image : flag of macedonia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ image : coat of arms of the | [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] < / center > image : flag of montenegro . svg | < center > [[ montenegro ]] < / center > image : | |
| 45 | of eu ( and albania , which is encircled with them ) . < center > < gallery caption = " flags of the new states " perrow = 6 > | image : flag | of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | < center > [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] < / center > image : flag of croatia . svg | < center > [[ | ||
| 259240376 | 0 | of croatia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ image : coat of arms of croatia . svg | 40px ]] < | cente | | [[ republic of macedonia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ skopje ]] | < center > [[ image : flag of | |
| 295388268 | 7 | . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of croatia . svg | 40px ]] < center > | | | - | [[ macedonia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ skopje ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of macedonia | |
| 12 | | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of the republic of macedonia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | | | - | [[ montenegro ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ podgorica ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of montenegro | ||
| 17 | svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of montenegro . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | | | - | [[ serbia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ belgrade ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of serbia | ||
| 22 | svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of serbia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | | | - | [[ slovenia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ ljubljana ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of slovenia | ||
| 295402396 | 4 | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : bosnia and herzegovina coats of arms modified . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | | - | | [[ croatia ]] style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ zagreb ]] < center > [[ file : flag of croatia . svg | 70px |
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| 13 | 70px | border ]] < / center > < center > [[ file : coat of arms of the republic of macedonia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | | | - [[ montenegro ]] style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ podgorica ]] < center > [[ file : flag of montenegro . svg | | ||
| 14 | | border ]] < / center > < center > [[ file : coat of arms of the republic of macedonia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > - | | | [[ montenegro ]] style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ podgorica ]] < center > [[ file : flag of montenegro . svg | 70px | ||
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| 303360434 | 0 | svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of croatia . svg | 40px ]] < center > | | - | ' ' [[ kosovo ]] ' ' < ref > kosovo ' s [[ 2008 _ kosovo _ declaration _ of _ independence | independence ]] is disputed < / ref > | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | ' ' [[ pristina ]] ' ' | < center > [[ file : flag of kosovo . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of kosovo . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | [[ | [ | macedonia ( country ) | macedonia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ skopje ]] | < center > [[ file : flag |
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| 304658310 | 0 | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of croatia . svg | 40px ]] < center > | - | | ' ' | [[ kosovo ]] ' ' < ref > kosovo ' s [[ 2008 _ kosovo _ declaration _ of _ independence | independence ]] is disputed < / ref > | | |
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| 10 | svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : sr montenegro coa . png | 40px ]] < / center > | - | | | [[ socialist republic of montenegro ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ titograd ]] < nowiki > * < / nowiki > | | ||
| 25 | ]] ' ' ' < / center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' [[ coat of arms ]] ' ' ' < / center > | - | | 1 . | [[ socialist republic of bosnia and herzegovina ]] | style = " width : 7em ; font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ sarajevo ]] | style = | ||
| 26 | = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : sr bosnia and herzegovina coa . png | 40px ]] < / center > | - | | 2 | . [[ socialist republic of croatia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ zagreb ]] | < center > [[ file : flag | ||
| 28 | svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : sr croatia coa . png | 40px ]] < center > | - | | 3 | . [[ socialist republic of macedonia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ skopje ]] | < center > [[ file : flag | ||
| 29 | < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of the republic of macedonia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | | 4 | . [[ socialist republic of montenegro ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ titograd ]] < nowiki > * < / nowiki > | ||
| 30 | | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : sr montenegro coa . png | 40px ]] < / center > | - | | 5 | . [[ socialist republic of serbia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ belgrade ]] | < center > [[ file : flag | ||
| 31 | | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : sr serbia coa . png | 40px ]] < / center > | - | | 5a . | [[ socialist autonomous province of kosovo ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ pristina ]] | < center > [[ file : flag | ||
| 39 | % ; " | [[ novi sad ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of sr serbia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | | < center > [[ file : sr serbia coa . png | 40px ]] < / center > | - | 6 . | [[ socialist republic of slovenia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ ljubljana ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of | ||
| 318928497 | 0 | il / about _ holocaust / month _ in _ holocaust / april / april _ chronology / chronology _ 1941 _ april _ 06 . html < / ref > | yugoslavia was at its strongest when tito was in control . | = = yugoslavia during world war ii = = [[ file : stjepan filipovic . jpg | thumb | right | 200px | [[ yugoslav partisans | partisan ]] fighter [[ | |
| 318928528 | 0 | il / about _ holocaust / month _ in _ holocaust / april / april _ chronology / chronology _ 1941 _ april _ 06 . html < / ref > | yugoslavia was at its strongest when tito was in control . | = = yugoslavia during world war ii = = [[ file : stjepan filipovic . jpg | thumb | right | 200px | [[ yugoslav partisans | partisan ]] fighter [[ | |
| 323188742 | 0 | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of croatia . svg | 40px ]] < center > | - | | ' ' | [[ kosovo ]] ' ' < ref > {{ kosovo - note }} < / ref > | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | ' | |
| 333245272 | 0 | . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of croatia . svg | 40px ]] < center > | | - | ' ' [[ kosovo ]] ' ' < ref > {{ kosovo - note }} < / ref > | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | ' ' [[ pristina ]] ' ' | < center > [[ file : flag of kosovo . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of kosovo . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | | [[ macedonia ( country ) | macedonia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ skopje ]] | < center > [[ file | |
| 333246887 | 0 | . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of croatia . svg | 40px ]] < center > | | - | | [[ macedonia ( country ) | macedonia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ skopje ]] | < center > [[ file | |
| 375032646 | 5 | ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of the republic of macedonia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | | [[ | montenegro ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ podgorica ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of montenegro . svg | | |
| 383421016 | 1 | ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of the republic of macedonia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | | [[ serbia and | | < center > [[ file : flag of serbia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of serbia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | montenegro ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ belgrade ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of serbia and montenegro . |
| 439457771 | 4 | % ; " | [[ zagreb ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of croatia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | - | | ' ' | [[ kosovo ]] ' ' {{ ref label | status | a | } } | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ pristina ]] | |
| 466554200 | 7 | size : 90 % ; " | [[ podgorica ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of montenegro . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | serbia and | montenegro ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ podgorica ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of montenegro . svg | | |
| 10 | 90 % ; " | [[ skopje ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of macedonia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | - | | [[ | montenegro ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ podgorica ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of montenegro . svg | | ||
| 467907565 | 8 | < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of the republic of macedonia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | | | < center > [[ file : flag of | [[ serbia and montenegro ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ belgrade ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of serbia | |
| 467914600 | 7 | " | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of bosnia and herzegovina ( 1992 - 1998 ) . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | | [[ republic of | croatia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ zagreb ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of croatia . svg | | |
| 15 | ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of the republic of macedonia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | | [[ | montenegro ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ podgorica ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of montenegro . svg | | ||
| 17 | svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of montenegro . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | | - | [[ republic of | serbia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ belgrade ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of serbia . svg | | ||
| 468701811 | 3 | ' ' ' [[ flag ]] ' ' ' < / center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' location ' ' ' < / center > | - | | 1 | | [[ socialist republic of bosnia and herzegovina ]] | style = " width : 7em ; font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ sarajevo ]] | style | |
| 4 | | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : sfry bosnia and herzegovina . png | 60px ]] < / center > | - | | 2 | | [[ socialist republic of croatia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ zagreb ]] | < center > [[ file : flag | ||
| 5 | center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : sfry croatia . png | 60px ]] < / center > | - | | 3 | | [[ socialist republic of macedonia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ skopje ]] | < center > [[ file : flag | ||
| 6 | center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : sfry macedonia . png | 60px ]] < / center > | - | | 4 | | [[ socialist republic of montenegro ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ titograd ]] < nowiki > * < / nowiki > | ||
| 7 | center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : sfry montenegro . png | 60px ]] < / center > | - | | 5 < br > 5a < br > 5b | | [[ socialist republic of serbia ]] : {{ smaller | [[ socialist autonomous province of kosovo ]] }} : {{ smaller | [[ socialist autonomous province of vojvodina ]] }} | ||
| 8 | center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : sfry serbia . png | 60px ]] < / center > | - | | 6 | | [[ socialist republic of slovenia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ ljubljana ]] | < center > [[ file : flag | ||
| 22 | size : 90 % ; " | [[ skopje ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of macedonia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of | | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of the republic of macedonia 1991 - 2009 . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | the republic of macedonia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | [[ serbia and montenegro ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % | |
| 469728921 | 4 | center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of the republic of macedonia 1991 - 2009 . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | | [[ serbia and | republic of macedonia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | montenegro ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ belgrade ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of serbia and montenegro . |
| 492545273 | 19 | ; " | < center > [[ file : sfry slovenia . png | 60px ]] < / center > | - | } ( {{ smaller | < nowiki > | * < / nowiki > now | [[ podgorica ]] }} ) in 1947 , negotiations between yugoslavia and bulgaria were led and finalized with the [[ bled agreement ]] . the aim of the negotiations was to | |
| 495585894 | 27 | - % 205930 . pdf | title = croatia | publisher = shoah resource center – [[ yad vashem ]] | accessdate = 4 january 2010 }} < / ref > | = = = yugoslav people ' s | liberation war = = = {{ main | yugoslav front ( world war ii ) }} from the start , the yugoslav resistance forces consisted of two factions : the communist | |
| 495666744 | 16 | 205930 . pdf | title = croatia | publisher = shoah resource center – [[ yad vashem ]] | accessdate = 4 january 2010 }} < / ref > = = | = | = national liberation war = = = {{ main | national liberation war ( yugoslavia ) }} from the start , the yugoslav resistance forces consisted of two factions : the | |
| 17 | . pdf | title = croatia | publisher = shoah resource center – [[ yad vashem ]] | accessdate = 4 january 2010 }} < / ref > = = = | national | = = = yugoslav people ' s | liberation war = = = {{ main | national liberation war ( yugoslavia ) }} from the start , the yugoslav resistance forces consisted of two factions : the communist - | |
| 495668696 | 31 | - % 205930 . pdf | title = croatia | publisher = shoah resource center – [[ yad vashem ]] | accessdate = 4 january 2010 }} < / ref > | = = = yugoslav people ' s | liberation war = = = {{ main | yugoslav front ( world war ii ) }} from the start , the yugoslav resistance forces consisted of two factions : the communist | |
| 496003280 | 12 | width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of the republic of macedonia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | | [[ | | [[ serbia and | montenegro ]] | style = " width : 7em ; font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ podgorica ]] | style = " width : 6em ; " |
| 499510164 | 0 | file : coat of arms of slovenia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | } {{ smaller | < nowiki > * < / nowiki > | former | formerly | [[ serbia and montenegro ]] ( 1992 - 2006 ) }} = = = succession = = = as the [[ yugoslav wars ]] raged through croatia and bosnia , the |
| 547327217 | 33 | ' ' ' coat of arms ' ' ' < / center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' location ' ' ' < / center > | - | | 1 | | [[ socialist republic of bosnia and herzegovina ]] | style = " width : 7em ; font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ sarajevo ]] | style | |
| 37 | | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : sfry bosnia and herzegovina . png | 60px ]] < / center > | - | | 2 | | [[ socialist republic of croatia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ zagreb ]] | style = " width : 6em ; | ||
| 40 | center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : sfry croatia . png | 60px ]] < / center > | - | | 3 | | [[ socialist republic of macedonia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ skopje ]] | style = " width : 6em ; | ||
| 45 | center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : sfry macedonia . png | 60px ]] < / center > | - | | 4 | | [[ socialist republic of montenegro ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ titograd ]] , now [[ podgorica ]] | style = | ||
| 48 | center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : sfry montenegro . png | 60px ]] < / center > | - | | 5 < br > 5a < br > 5b | | [[ socialist republic of serbia ]] : {{ smaller | [[ socialist autonomous province of kosovo ]] }} : {{ smaller | [[ socialist autonomous province of vojvodina ]] }} | ||
| 55 | center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : sfry serbia . png | 60px ]] < / center > | - | | 6 | | [[ socialist republic of slovenia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ ljubljana ]] | style = " width : 6em ; | ||
| 588344999 | 38 | , including the [[ united states ]] , referred to the fry as " serbia and montenegro " . < ref name = " serbia and montenegro " > 1999 [[ | cia ]] [[ world factbook ]] : [ http : / / www . umsl . edu / services / govdocs / wofact99 / 265 . htm serbia and montenegro ] < / ref > the federal | republic of yugoslavia was officially renamed [[ serbia and montenegro ]] in 2003 . in june 2006 , [[ montenegro ]] became an independent nation after the results of a [[ | |
| 702550312 | 58 | http : / / www . fifoost . org / jugoslaw / yugo . pdf | publisher = ebrd country promotion programme | page = 3 }} < / ref > | [[ | serbia and montenegro themselves broke up in 2006 and became independent states , while [[ republic of kosovo | kosovo ]] proclaimed independence in 2008 . = = background = = | |
| 702589142 | 60 | http : / / www . fifoost . org / jugoslaw / yugo . pdf | publisher = ebrd country promotion programme | page = 3 }} < / ref > | [[ | serbia and montenegro ]] themselves broke up in [[ 2006 ]] and became independent states , while [[ republic of kosovo | kosovo ]] proclaimed independence in [[ 2008 ]] . | |
| 768996113 | 17 | http : / / www . fifoost . org / jugoslaw / yugo . pdf | publisher = ebrd country promotion programme | page = 3 }} < / ref > | fry was renamed to the ' ' ' state union of serbia and montenegro ' ' ' in 2003 . | serbia and montenegro themselves broke up in 2006 and became independent states , while [[ republic of kosovo | kosovo ]] proclaimed independence in 2008 . = = background = = | |
| 772701137 | 21 | http : / / www . fifoost . org / jugoslaw / yugo . pdf | publisher = ebrd country promotion programme | page = 3 }} < / ref > | fry was renamed to the [[ state union of serbia and montenegro ]] in 2003 . | serbia and montenegro themselves broke up in 2006 and became independent states , while [[ republic of kosovo | kosovo ]] proclaimed independence in 2008 . = = background = = | |
| 819802470 | 11 | | date = 5 june 2011 | accessdate = 18 june 2017 }} < / ref > | {{ dts | 01 11 2000 }} < br > < small > | ( as fr yugoslavia , | membership succeeded by serbia on {{ dts | 3 june 2006 }} ) | - | [[ croatia ]] | [[ zagreb ]] | [[ file : flag of croatia . | |
| 819821056 | 5 | [[ belgrade ]] | demonym = | common _ languages = | government _ type = [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ( 1918 - 45 ) < br / > [[ | socialist | }} | federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( 1945 - 92 ) | title _ leader = | leader1 = | year _ leader1 = | event _ start = [[ creation of |
| 833181829 | 0 | : / / www . fifoost . org / jugoslaw / yugo . pdf | archivedate = 28 september 2011 | df = dmy - all }} < / ref > | in 2003 the federal republic of yugoslavia was renamed to | [[ serbia and montenegro ]] themselves broke up in 2006 and became independent states , while [[ kosovo ]] proclaimed independence in 2008 . = = background = = {{ main |
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| 354761080 | 1 | ' ' ' ( [[ serbo - croatian language | serbo - croatian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' ; [[ serbian cyrillic | | cyrillic | ]] : југославија ) is a term that describes three political entities that existed successively on the western part of [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the | |
| 354908464 | 0 | - croatian language | serbo - croatian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' ; [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] , [[ serbian | cyrillic | cyrillic | ]] : југославија ) is a term that describes three political entities that existed successively on the western part of [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the |
| 354909728 | 1 | yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ serbo - croatian language | serbo - croatian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' ; [[ serbian | cyrillic | cyrillic | ]] : југославија ) is a term that describes three political entities that existed successively on the western part of [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the |
| 355118605 | 0 | - croatian language | serbo - croatian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' ; [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] , [[ serbian | cyrillic | cyrillic | ]] : југославија ) is a term that describes three political entities that existed successively on the western part of [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the |
| 355118834 | 1 | yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ serbo - croatian language | serbo - croatian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' ; [[ serbian | cyrillic | cyrillic | ]] : југославија ) is a term that describes three political entities that existed successively on the western part of [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the |
| 355178619 | 0 | - croatian language | serbo - croatian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' ; [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] , [[ serbian | cyrillic | cyrillic | ]] : југославија ) is a term that describes three political entities that existed successively on the western part of [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the |
| 355183281 | 1 | yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ serbo - croatian language | serbo - croatian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' ; [[ serbian | cyrillic | cyrillic | ]] : југославија ) is a term that describes three political entities that existed successively on the western part of [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the |
| 355196149 | 0 | - croatian language | serbo - croatian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' ; [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] , [[ serbian | cyrillic | cyrillic | ]] : југославија ) is a term that describes three political entities that existed successively on the western part of [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the |
| 355244341 | 1 | yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ serbo - croatian language | serbo - croatian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' ; [[ serbian | cyrillic | cyrillic | ]] : југославија ) is a term that describes three political entities that existed successively on the western part of [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the |
| 355305891 | 0 | - croatian language | serbo - croatian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' ; [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] , [[ serbian | cyrillic | cyrillic | ]] : југославија ) is a term that describes three political entities that existed successively on the western part of [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the |
| 355311381 | 1 | yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ serbo - croatian language | serbo - croatian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' ; [[ serbian | cyrillic | cyrillic | ]] : југославија ) is a term that describes three political entities that existed successively on the western part of [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the |
| 355312200 | 0 | - croatian language | serbo - croatian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' ; [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] , [[ serbian | cyrillic | cyrillic | ]] : југославија ) is a term that describes three political entities that existed successively on the western part of [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the |
| 355312326 | 1 | yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ serbo - croatian language | serbo - croatian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' ; [[ serbian | cyrillic | cyrillic | ]] : југославија ) is a term that describes three political entities that existed successively on the western part of [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the |
| 355362727 | 0 | - croatian language | serbo - croatian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' ; [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] , [[ serbian | cyrillic | cyrillic | ]] : југославија ) is a term that describes three political entities that existed successively on the western part of [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the |
| 355364967 | 1 | yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ serbo - croatian language | serbo - croatian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' ; [[ serbian | cyrillic | cyrillic | ]] : југославија ) is a term that describes three political entities that existed successively on the western part of [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the |
| 400599300 | 0 | , [[ serbian language | serbian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' ; [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] , [[ serbian cyrillic | | cyrillic | ]] : југославија ) is a term that describes three political entities that existed successively on the western part of [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the |
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| 644304 | 1 | a new agreement regarding continued cooperation , which , among other changes , promised the end of yugoslavia . on 4th february , 2003 the federal parliament of yugoslavia agreed to | independence | create a loose commonwealth | of [[ serbia ]] and [[ montenegro ]] within a lose commonwealth called [[ serbia and montenegro ]] ' ' ' . < b > [[ country codes | country code |
| 644340 | 0 | on 4th february , 2003 the federal parliament of yugoslavia dissolved the country and agreed to create a loose commonwealth of the remaining two states within the union . the new | nation | union of two nations | is called [[ serbia and montenegro ]] ' ' ' . < b > [[ country codes | country code ]] ( top level domain ) : < / b > |
| 854429 | 5 | albanians ]] in serbia and f . y . r . o . m . , [[ hungary | hungarian ]] in serbia ) , this led to some often bloody | civil | wars ( [[ croatia / history | croatia ]] , [[ history of bosnia and herzegovina | bosnia ]] , [[ kosovo war ]] ) . < table align = " | |
| 1041794 | 0 | the federal parliament of yugoslavia dissolved the country and agreed to create a loose [[ commonwealth ]] of the remaining two states within a union . the new union of two | nations | states | is called [[ serbia and montenegro ]] . < b > [[ country codes | country code ]] ( top level domain ) : < / b > yu < i |
| 1298298 | 2 | & euml ; ]] [[ pl : jugos % b3awia ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' is term casually used for any of following political entities : * [[ | monarchy | | kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ]] , from [[ 1918 ]] to [[ 1929 ]] , * [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] from 1929 to [[ 1941 ]] * | |
| 2184559 | 1 | / div > ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' is a term casually used for three separate political entities . in serbo - croat , it means " land of | southern | south | slavs " from elements of jugo ( south ) , and slavia ( slavs ) . the first was a [[ monarchy | kingdom ]] formed in [[ 1918 ]] as |
| 8718538 | 4 | western and central europe . the german response was to punish the civil population by carrying out reprisal killings and by giving a free hand to the quisling forces of the | government | [[ independent state | of croatia , leading to great civilain loss of life , principally but not exclusively among the serbs of bosnia and croatia , whose populations provided the bulk of partisan formations |
| 8778717 | 1 | kingdom . = = first yugoslavia = = ' ' main article : [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' [[ image : coashs . jpg | framed | right | | coat of arms of | peter i karadjordjevi & # 263 ; , | the kingdom of yugoslavia ]] the goals of the yugoslav committee were partly reached by the end of the [[ world war i | first world war ]] in [[ 1918 |
| 2 | yugoslavia = = ' ' main article : [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' [[ image : coashs . jpg | framed | right | coat of arms of the | kingdom | first king | of yugoslavia ]] the goals of the yugoslav committee were partly reached by the end of the [[ world war i | first world war ]] in [[ 1918 ]] , | |
| 9341743 | 0 | & # 353 ; e ]] . [[ nazi germany | german ]] troops occupied part of [[ serbia ]] and [[ slovenia ]] , while other parts of the country | went back to | were occupied by | [[ albania ]] , [[ bulgaria ]] , [[ hungary ]] and [[ italy ]] . yugoslavs opposing the [[ nazi ]] s organized resistance movements . those inclined towards supporting |
| 9383013 | 14 | yugoslavia into loose confederation of six republics in autumn 1990 , however [[ slobodan milosevic | milo & # 353 ; evi & # 263 ; ]] rejected all such proposals | with an argument | , arguing | that all serbs should live in the same country . slovenia and croatia declared independence from yugoslavia in [[ 1991 ]] ; macedonia followed in [[ 1992 ]] together with bosnia |
| 10657234 | 0 | , up to secession , which made later break - up easier . = = = breakup = = = after tito ' s death in [[ 1980 ]] , ethnic | tension | tensions | grew in yugoslavia . some members of the [[ serbian academy of sciences and arts ]] drafted a memorandum in the 1980s that opposed the policy of the federation and promoted |
| 12765421 | 0 | = the second yugoslavia = = ' ' main article : [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ' ' [[ image : prfli . jpg | thumb | 200px | | [[ josip broz tito | | marshal tito led yugoslavia from the end of world war ii until his death in 1980 . ]] on [[ january 31 ]] , [[ 1946 ]] the new [[ constitution | |
| 13197885 | 6 | the albanian organization [[ kosovo liberation army ]] started terrorist actions in the southern serbian province . in [[ 1999 ]] nato bombed serbia and montenegro for more than two months | ( | , until the milo & # 353 ; evi & # 263 ; government submitted to their demands and withdrew its forces from kosovo . | see [[ kosovo war ]] ) . since june 1999 , the province has been governed by peace - keeping forces from nato and [[ russia ]] , although all parties |
| 18520089 | 0 | milorad b . protić ]] and named after yugoslavia . = = see also = = * [[ history of the balkans ]] * [[ history of europe ]] * [[ | yugoslav wars | | wars of yugoslavian succession ]] = = references = = * {{ loc }} - [ http : / / lcweb2 . loc . gov / frd / cs / yutoc | |
| 23004621 | 3 | and croats resulted in a yes vote in the referendum , and the republic ' s government declared its independence though everyone advocated that such decision had be made with the | consent of all the three nations . | serbs immediately formed [[ republika srpska ]] , and | the war in bosnia followed shortly thereafter , as the votes of serbs were ignored . the so - called badinter commission formed by the [[ european community ]] declared in |
| 27905442 | 0 | % of the population . the principle slavs , mainly serbs , were fast reducing in size and would by 1999 be as little as 10 % of the two million | kosovars | population | . serbian [[ communist ]] leader [[ slobodan milošević ]] , the new strong man of yugoslavia , tried to play on the revived serb nationalism , but ended up alienating |
| 28635479 | 0 | republic of yugoslavia | constitution ]] of [[ federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ]] , modeling the [[ soviet union ]] , established six constituent republics and two autonomous | province | provinces | . the republics were : * [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] * [[ croatia ]] * [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] * [[ montenegro ]] * [[ serbia ]] |
| 30274718 | 0 | 1941 ]] . german troops occupied [[ bosnia - herzegovina ]] as well as part of [[ serbia ]] and [[ slovenia ]] , while other parts of the country were | occupied by | returned to | [[ albania ]] , [[ bulgaria ]] , [[ hungary ]] and [[ italy ]] . yugoslavs opposing the [[ nazi ]] s organized resistance movements . those inclined towards supporting |
| 30275579 | 0 | he was found dead under unknown circumstances . aleksandar ranković lost all of his titles and rights after a major disagreement with tito regarding state politics and ranković‘s ethnic cleansing of | souther | southern | serbia ( approx 2 milion albanians expelled to turkey ) and kosovo . sometimes ministers in government were more important than the premier , such as in the case of [[ |
| 30298958 | 0 | 1941 ]] . german troops occupied [[ bosnia - herzegovina ]] as well as part of [[ serbia ]] and [[ slovenia ]] , while other parts of the country were | returned to | occupied by | [[ albania ]] , and others occupied by [[ bulgaria ]] , [[ hungary ]] and [[ italy ]] . yugoslavs opposing the [[ nazi ]] s organized resistance movements . |
| 32871630 | 2 | . people whom he did not favor varied greatly . slobodan penezić krčun served under tito and then after he started to complain about tito ' s politics , he was | found dead under unknown circumstances | victim of a dubious traffic incidnt | . aleksandar ranković lost all of his titles and rights after a major disagreement with tito regarding state politics . sometimes ministers in government were more important than the premier , |
| 32922260 | 6 | carrying out reprisal killings and by giving a free hand to the quisling forces of the [[ independent state of croatia ]] . this led to great civilian loss of life | , principally but not exclusively | in most regions of yugoslavia . | among the serbs of bosnia and croatia , whose populations provided a large portion of rebel formations . the estimated [[ demography | demographic ]] loss was 1 , 700 , |
| 33738425 | 28 | place a three - month [[ moratorium ]] on the decision in the [[ brioni agreement ]] , agreed upon by representatives of all republics . secession of the newly - | formed states marked the beginning of the | month [[ moratorium ]] on their independence declarations . during these three months , the yugoslav army completed its pull - out of slovenia , but in croatia , a | bloody [[ yugoslav wars ]] . these began with a short war in slovenia and continued with a war in croatia in 1991 . in september 1991 , the republic of |
| 33824642 | 0 | completed its pull - out of slovenia , but in croatia , a bloody war broke out in the autumn of [[ 1991 ]] . ethnic serbs , who had created | a serb break - away state | the [[ republic of serbian krajina ]] | in heavily serb - populated regions , with the aid of the yugoslav army , fought the forces of the republic of croatia . in september 1991 , the republic of |
| 34035074 | 8 | whether the majority was large enough . the republic ' s government declared its independence however , and the serbs immediately declared the independence of republika srpska , and the war | | war | in bosnia followed shortly thereafter . the so - called badinter commission formed by the [[ european community ]] declared in early 1992 that the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia had | |
| 12 | . s . ]] - sponsored peace talks in [[ dayton , ohio ]] , with the so - called [[ dayton agreement ]] . starting in 1996 , the albanian | organization | population had been pursuing tactics of non - violent resistence in order to achieve independence for the province . frustrated by the lack of success of these policies , radical albanians formed the | [[ kosovo liberation army ]] started terrorist actions in the southern serbian province . the yugoslav reaction resulted in a large number of civilian deaths , and caused many ethnic - | |
| 34136474 | 1 | [[ kosovo ]] , throughout the 1990s the leadership of the albanian population had been pursuing tactics of non - violent resistence in order to achieve independence for the province . | frustrated by the lack of success of these policies , radical albanians formed | in 1996 | the [[ kosovo liberation army ]] , which , starting in 1996 , carried out armed actions in the southern serbian province . serbian authorities denounced it as a [[ terrorism |
| 5 | lack of success of these policies , radical albanians formed the [[ kosovo liberation army ]] , which , starting in 1996 , carried out armed actions in the southern serbian | province | and [[ usa ]] authorities | . serbian authorities denounced it as a [[ terrorism | terrorist ]] organisation , and its indiscriminate tactics also led the [[ u . s . state department ]] to add | |
| 34241700 | 6 | held a referendum on independence on [[ 1 march ]] [[ 1992 ]] . large areas of the republic was at this time under the control of the newly created serb | entity [[ republika srpska | republika srpska | people | of bosnia and herzegovina ]] supported by the yugoslav army . in these areas , the independence referendum was boycotted . heavy pro - independence sentiment among bosnians muslims and croats |
| 16 | entity [[ republika srpska | republika srpska of bosnia and herzegovina ]] supported by the yugoslav army . in these areas , the independence referendum was boycotted . heavy pro - | independence sentiment among bosnians muslims | 67 % | and croats resulted in a turn - out of around 64 % {{ ref | malcolm }} , however yes vote by 2 / 3 of the population was needed . | |
| 34241920 | 0 | [[ kosovo ]] , throughout the 1990s the leadership of the albanian population had been pursuing tactics of non - violent resistence in order to achieve independence for the province . | in 1996 | frustrated by the lack of success of these policies , radical albanians formed | the [[ kosovo liberation army ]] was formed , deemed terrorist by , among others , serbian and [[ usa ]] authorities . the yugoslav reaction involved the indiscriminate use of |
| 3 | pursuing tactics of non - violent resistence in order to achieve independence for the province . in 1996 the [[ kosovo liberation army ]] was formed , deemed terrorist by , | among others | carried out armed actions in the southern | , serbian and [[ usa ]] authorities . the yugoslav reaction involved the indiscriminate use of force against civilian populations , and caused many ethnic - albanians to flee their homes | |
| 4 | non - violent resistence in order to achieve independence for the province . in 1996 the [[ kosovo liberation army ]] was formed , deemed terrorist by , among others , | province | serbian and [[ usa ]] authorities . the yugoslav reaction involved the indiscriminate use of force against civilian populations , and caused many ethnic - albanians to flee their homes . | ||
| 6 | violent resistence in order to achieve independence for the province . in 1996 the [[ kosovo liberation army ]] was formed , deemed terrorist by , among others , serbian and | [[ usa ]] authorities | organisation , | . the yugoslav reaction involved the indiscriminate use of force against civilian populations , and caused many ethnic - albanians to flee their homes . following the [[ racak incident ]] | |
| 34474488 | 0 | [[ kosovo ]] , throughout the 1990s the leadership of the albanian population had been pursuing tactics of non - violent resistence in order to achieve independence for the province . | frustrated by the lack of success of these policies | in 1996 | , radical albanians formed the [[ kosovo liberation army ]] , which , starting in 1996 , carried out armed actions in the southern serbian province . serbian authorities denounced it |
| 35562548 | 1 | land of the south [[ slavs ]] ' ' ( ' ' jug ' ' in the word ' ' jugoslavija ' ' means south ) . * the first was | a [[ monarchy | kingdom ]] formed in [[ december 1 ]] , 1918 as the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of serbs , croats | my homeland | and slovenes ]] ' ' ' , which was re - named the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' in [[ january 6 ]] , 1929 |
| 39341750 | 2 | was satisfied {{ fact }} . the republic ' s government declared its independence on [[ 5 april ]] , and since that decision was made without the consent of all | tree | three | nations living in bosnia ( the votes of serbs were igored , though such decision should be supported by all bosinan nations ) , the serbs immediately declared the independence of |
| 41954654 | 0 | federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( sfry ) ' ' ' . this remained in place until 1992 , [[ january 15 ]] , by which time four of its six | constituent | constjknhnjbbbjnm , nm , ituent | republics - [[ slovenia ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] and [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] - had seceded . * the third was |
| 41954767 | 0 | federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( sfry ) ' ' ' . this remained in place until 1992 , [[ january 15 ]] , by which time four of its six | constjknhnjbbbjnm , nm , ituent | constituent | republics - [[ slovenia ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] and [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] - had seceded . * the third was |
| 43200190 | 0 | yugoslav officers and soldiers were taken prisoner . [[ image : jasenovac1 . jpg | thumb | in the [[ independent state of croatia ]] , serbs , jews and gypsies | were marched | marching | to the [[ jasenovac concentration camp ]] ]] the [[ axis powers ]] occupied yugoslavia and split it up . the [[ independent state of croatia ]] was established as a |
| 43204111 | 2 | hundred thousand yugoslav officers and soldiers were taken prisoner . [[ image : jasenovac1 . jpg | thumb | [[ independent state of croatia ]] - serbs , jews and gypsies | marching | were marched | to the [[ jasenovac concentration camp ]] ]] the [[ axis powers ]] occupied yugoslavia and split it up . the [[ independent state of croatia ]] was established as a |
| 47183239 | 6 | tkl ? q = yugoslavia & search _ crit = subject & search = search & date1 = anytime & date2 = anytime & type = form congressional research service ( | crs | utc | ) reports regarding yugoslavia ] [[ category : yugoslavia | ]] [[ category : former countries in europe ]] [[ ar : يوغوسلافيا ]] [[ bs : jugoslavija ]] [[ cs |
| 49148733 | 1 | yugoslavia ( dfy ) ' ' , which in [[ 1946 ]] became the ' ' federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ( fpry ) ' ' and in [[ | april 7 ]] republics - [[ slovenia | s . r . slovenia ]] , [[ croatia | s . r . croatia ]] , [[ | socialist federal | republic of macedonia | s . r . macedonia ]] and [[ bosnia and herzegovina | s . r . bosnia and herzegovina ]] - had seceded . * the third |
| 49267272 | 0 | secession , which made later break - up easier . = = = breakup = = = after tito ' s death in 1980 , ethnic tensions grew in yugoslavia . | some members | considering long - standing serbo - croat disputes , which had been suppressed under tito , no one knew what the future had in store . legacy | of the [[ serbian academy of sciences and arts ]] drafted a memorandum in 1986 that opposed the policy of the federation and promoted serbian nationalism in response to the perceived |
| 1 | made later break - up easier . = = = breakup = = = after tito ' s death in 1980 , ethnic tensions grew in yugoslavia . some members of | the [[ | constitution of 1974 threw the system of decision - making into a state of paralysis , all the more hopeless as the conflict of interests between the republics had become irreconciable . not a single important decision that might have eased the situation could be taken . the constitutional crisis that inevitably followed played in favour of slovenia and croatia and their strongly expressed demands for looser ties within federation . economic crisis at the time only made everything harder . as a result , | serbian academy of sciences and arts ]] drafted a memorandum in 1986 that opposed the policy of the federation and promoted serbian nationalism in response to the perceived weak position of | |
| 4 | tito ' s death in 1980 , ethnic tensions grew in yugoslavia . some members of the [[ serbian academy of sciences and arts ]] drafted a memorandum in 1986 that | opposed the policy of the federation and promoted | its hands were tied , for the republican government could not take nor carry out decisions that would apply to the provinces . since the provinces had a vote in the federal presidency council , they even entered into coalition with other republics , thus outvoting serbia . serbia ' s political impotence made it possible for others to exert pressure on 2 milion serbs ( 25 % of total | serbian nationalism in response to the perceived weak position of serbia in the federation . the [[ albanians | ethnic albanian ]] miners in [[ kosovo ]] organized strikes which dovetailed | |
| 5 | grew in yugoslavia . some members of the [[ serbian academy of sciences and arts ]] drafted a memorandum in 1986 that opposed the policy of the federation and promoted serbian | nationalism in response to the perceived weak position of | population ) living outside | serbia in the federation . the [[ albanians | ethnic albanian ]] miners in [[ kosovo ]] organized strikes which dovetailed into ethnic conflict between the albanians and the non - | |
| 10 | [[ slobodan milošević ]] , the new strong man of yugoslavia , tried to play on the revived serb nationalism , but ended up alienating all the other ethnic groups in | the federation . | albanian ]] miners | autonomy of [[ vojvodina ]] and of [[ kosovo | kosovo and metohija ]] was reduced , though both entities retained a vote in the yugoslav presidency council . as a | |
| 15 | [[ slobodan milošević ]] ]] meanwhile [[ slovenia ]] , under the presidency of [[ milan kučan ]] had since 1986 been following a course of democratisation and economic liberalisation , | which put it on a collision course | along | with milošević ' policies . [[ croatia ]] later followed suit . in january 1990 , the extraordinary 14th congress of the [[ league of communists of yugoslavia ]] was convened | |
| 19 | that empowered the republics and rather wanted to introduce a policy of " one person , one vote " , which would empower the majority population , the serbs . the | slovenian and croatian delegations ( led | slovenians , supported | by [[ milan kučan ]] and [[ ivica račan ]] , respectively ) , favored democratisation and economic liberalization , but were voted down . as a result , the slovene | |
| 27 | croatia proposed transforming yugoslavia into a loose confederation of six republics in the autumn of 1990 , however [[ slobodan milošević | milošević ]] rejected all such proposals , arguing that | all | like slovenes and croats , the | serbs should live in the same country . on [[ march 9 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] demonstrations were held against slobodan milošević in [[ belgrade ]] , but the police | |
| 49848611 | 0 | presidency council , they even entered into coalition with other republics , thus outvoting serbia . serbia ' s political impotence made it possible for others to exert pressure on 2 | milion | million | serbs ( 20 % of total serbian population ) living outside serbia . serbian [[ communist ]] leader [[ slobodan milošević ]] sought to restore pre - 1974 serbian sovereignty , |
| 50486261 | 9 | ten - day war ]] in slovenia . there was no political consensus within the federal executive council to which extent the army was to be used . after ten days | , a | and 76 victims the so called [[ ten - day war ]] for slovenia was over and jla army was forced back in the barracks . | ceasefire between the slovenian territorial defense forces and the yugoslav army was agreed on . in the [[ brioni agreement ]] , agreed upon by representatives of all republics , the |
| 50645687 | 2 | based in barracks in slovenia and croatia , carried out the task within next 48 hours . army however had no logistic support for a long term warfare , aswell as | there was no political consensus within the federal executive council to which extent the army was to be used . after ten days and 76 victims the so called [[ ten - day war ]] for slovenia was over and jla army was forced back in the barracks . | the so - called [[ ten - day war ]] in slovenia . | ceasefire between the slovenian territorial defense forces and the yugoslav army was agreed on . in the [[ brioni agreement ]] , agreed upon by representatives of all republics , the |
| 50655154 | 3 | the air , apparently to surrender to the slovenian territorial defence , before gunfire was heard and the troops were seen falling down . this and other events are known as | the so - called [[ ten - day war ]] in slovenia . | there was no political consensus within the federal executive council to which extent the army was to be used . after ten days and 76 victims the so called [[ ten - day war ]] for slovenia was over and jla army was forced back in the barracks . | ceasefire between the slovenian territorial defense forces and the yugoslav army was agreed on . in the [[ brioni agreement ]] , agreed upon by representatives of all republics , the |
| 50729005 | 1 | based in barracks in slovenia and croatia , carried out the task within next 48 hours . army however had no logistic support for a long term warfare , aswell as | there was no political consensus within the federal executive council to which extent the army was to be used . after ten days and 76 victims the so called [[ ten - day war ]] for slovenia was over and jla army was forced back in the barracks . | the so - called [[ ten - day war ]] in slovenia . | ceasefire between the slovenian territorial defense forces and the yugoslav army was agreed on . in the [[ brioni agreement ]] , agreed upon by representatives of all republics , the |
| 51123816 | 1 | transform into a loose commonwealth called [[ serbia and montenegro ]] which finally happened on [[ february 4 ]] , [[ 2003 ]] . = = origins = = probably the | first " official " mention | early period | of the term yugoslav shaize ( as opposed to simply [[ slavic peoples | south slav ]] ) was the forming of the group of advocates of a joint country of |
| 12 | to come out of the [[ anomie ]] caused by the [[ world war i | great war ]] . even the large [[ diaspora ]] s , known for their | [[ nostalgia ]] and [[ patriotism ]] , started supporting the new idea | headquarters | . the [[ yugoslav committee ]] ( ' ' jugoslavenski odbor ' ' ) was officially formed on [[ april 30 ]] th , [[ 1915 ]] in [[ london ]] | |
| 16 | = ' ' main article : [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' the goals of the yugoslav committee were partly reached by the end of the [[ world war i | | first world war ]] in 1918 , when | and the downfall of | austria - hungary disintegrated , and the south slavs organized into the [[ state of slovenes , croats and serbs ]] . this short - lived state soon , on [[ | |
| 51240913 | 3 | the air , apparently to surrender to the slovenian territorial defence , before gunfire was heard and the troops were seen falling down . this and other events are known as | the so - called [[ ten - day war ]] in slovenia . | there was no political consensus within the federal executive council to which extent the army was to be used . after ten days and 76 victims the so called [[ ten - day war ]] for slovenia was over and jla army was forced back in the barracks . | ceasefire between the slovenian territorial defense forces and the yugoslav army was agreed on . in the [[ brioni agreement ]] , agreed upon by representatives of all republics , the |
| 51593056 | 1 | based in barracks in slovenia and croatia , carried out the task within next 48 hours . army however had no logistic support for a long term warfare , aswell as | there was no political consensus within the federal executive council to which extent the army was to be used . after ten days and 76 victims the so called [[ ten - day war ]] for slovenia was over and jla army was forced back in the barracks . | the so - called [[ ten - day war ]] in slovenia . | ceasefire between the slovenian territorial defense forces and the yugoslav army was agreed on . in the [[ brioni agreement ]] , agreed upon by representatives of all republics , the |
| 53085765 | 6 | people in istria . this duly came about in 1945 . however , the yugoslav slovenes benefited from the new state receiving all they had previously lacked ; high schools and | university to boot | universities | . unlike the croats , the slovenes in the austro - hungarian empire had no historic claim to statehood , so there was no sense of loss to belgrade . during |
| 53491103 | 1 | internationally recognized borders . [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] forces based in barracks in slovenia and croatia , carried out the task within next 48 hours . however , | under orders , | due to the misinformation given to the | the yugoslav army did not carry live ammunition and the slovene territorial defence took advantage of this by shooting at young conscripts . recently the austrian orf tv station showed footage |
| 57059880 | 6 | [[ montenegro ]] voted to separate from serbia and establish itself as an independent state . montenegro officially declared its independence on [[ june 3 ]] , [[ 2006 ]] , | effectively dissolving | while serbia declared independence on june 5 , thereby ending | the [[ serbia and montenegro | federal republic of yugoslavia ]] . _ _ toc _ _ {{ splitsection | history of yugoslavia }} = = background = = during the |
| 7 | voted to separate from serbia and establish itself as an independent state . montenegro officially declared its independence on [[ june 3 ]] , [[ 2006 ]] , effectively dissolving the | [[ serbia and montenegro | federal republic | vestiges | of yugoslavia ]] . _ _ toc _ _ {{ splitsection | history of yugoslavia }} = = background = = during the early period of the world war one ( | |
| 57320182 | 2 | ]] . by order of yugoslav federal parliament on [[ february 4 ]] , [[ 2003 ]] , yugoslavia , at least nominally , ceased to exist . a federal government | remains | remained | in place in belgrade but now assumes only ceremonial powers . the local governments of serbia and of montenegro now conduct their respective affairs almost as though the two republics were |
| 4 | , [[ 2003 ]] , yugoslavia , at least nominally , ceased to exist . a federal government remains in place in belgrade but now assumes only ceremonial powers . the | local | individual | governments of serbia and of montenegro now conduct their respective affairs almost as though the two republics were independent . furthermore , customs have been established along the traditional border crossings | |
| 14 | independence of montenegro . on [[ june 3 ]] , [[ 2006 ]] , montenegro officially declared its independence , with serbia following suit two days later , effectively dissolving the | [[ serbia and montenegro | federal republic | last vestige | of yugoslavia ]] . = = further reading = = * hall , brian : the impossible country : a journey through the last days of yugoslavia . penguin books . | |
| 57385805 | 1 | for proclaiming the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenians in december 1918 . of the country ' s 12 million people , 4 . 6 million or 38 . 8 | per cent | percent ) | were serbs and 2 . 8 million or 23 . 7 per cent were croats . the yugoslav ideal had long been cultivated by some intellectual circles of the three nations |
| 3 | . of the country ' s 12 million people , 4 . 6 million or 38 . 8 per cent were serbs and 2 . 8 million or 23 . 7 | per cent | percent ) | were croats . the yugoslav ideal had long been cultivated by some intellectual circles of the three nations but most influential croatian politicians opposed the new state right from the start | |
| 59416001 | 0 | by four weeks , which proved to be a costly decision . ) = = yugoslavia during the second world war = = ' ' main article : ' ' [[ | civil | yugoslavia during world | war in yugoslavia ( 1941 - 1945 ) ]] at 05 : 15 on [[ april 6 ]] [[ 1941 ]] , [[ nazi germany | german ]] , [[ italy |
| 59432184 | 0 | the [[ european union ]] was slovenia which applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004 . croatia applied for membership in 2003 , and could join before 2010 . | republic of | macedonia applied in 2004 , and will probably join by 2010 – 2015 . the remaining three republics have yet to apply so their acceptance generally isn ' t expected before | |
| 60150694 | 12 | hard to break up the country . but the us government as a whole opted for the priority of the shock therapy programme over yugoslav cohesion . thus was the internal | dynamic | dynamics | towards the yugoslav collapse into civil war decisively accelerated . the only european states which did have a strategic interest in the yugoslav theatre tended to want to break it up |
| 17 | shock therapy programme over yugoslav cohesion . thus was the internal dynamic towards the yugoslav collapse into civil war decisively accelerated . the only european states which did have a strategic | interest | interests | in the yugoslav theatre tended to want to break it up . it would be wrong , of course , to suggest that there were no other , specifically yugoslav , | |
| 63135279 | 8 | state transformed into a loose commonwealth called [[ serbia and montenegro ]] . on [[ may 21 ]] , [[ 2006 ]] , [[ montenegro ]] voted to separate from the | state union of serbia and montenegro and establish itself as an independent state . | republic , | montenegro officially declared its independence on [[ june 3 ]] , [[ 2006 ]] , while serbia declared independence on june 5 , thereby ending the last vestiges of the former |
| 11 | an independent state . montenegro officially declared its independence on [[ june 3 ]] , [[ 2006 ]] , while serbia declared independence on june 5 , thereby ending the last | vestiges | remnants | of the former yugoslav federation . _ _ toc _ _ {{ splitsection | history of yugoslavia }} = = background = = during the early period of the world war | |
| 63136524 | 2 | frano supilo ]] , [[ ivan meštrović ]] , [[ hinko hinković ]] , [[ franko potočnjak ]] , [[ nikola stojanović ]] and [[ dušan vasiljević ]] ) from south | - slav lands under | slavic peoples in | the [[ habsburg empire ]] ( austria - hungary ) , fled to london where they began work on forming yugoslav committee and their mission was to represent the south slavs |
| 63136659 | 1 | fled to london where they began work on forming yugoslav committee and their mission was to represent the south slavs of the empire . they chose london as their headquarters . | = = = the yugoslav committee = = = | the [[ yugoslav committee ]] ( ' ' jugoslavenski odbor ' ' ) was officially formed on [[ april 30 ]] , [[ 1915 ]] in [[ london ]] , and | |
| 63327901 | 12 | for proclaiming the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenians in december 1918 . of the country ' s 12 million people , 4 . 6 million ( 38 . 8 | percent | % | ) were serbs and 2 . 8 million ( 23 . 7 percent ) were croats . the yugoslav ideal had long been cultivated by some intellectual circles of the three |
| 14 | . of the country ' s 12 million people , 4 . 6 million ( 38 . 8 percent ) were serbs and 2 . 8 million ( 23 . 7 | percent | % | ) were croats . the yugoslav ideal had long been cultivated by some intellectual circles of the three nations but most influential croatian politicians opposed the new state right from the | |
| 84 | certainty that the order set up after world war i was losing its strongholds and its sponsors were losing their strength . supported and pressured by fascist italy and nazi germany | | nazi germany ]] | , croatian leader vlatko macek and his party managed the creation of the croatian banovina ( administrative province ) in 1939 . the agreement specified that croatia was to remain part | ||
| 87 | strongholds and its sponsors were losing their strength . supported and pressured by fascist italy and nazi germany , croatian leader vlatko macek and his party managed the creation of the | [[ banovina of croatia | | croatian banovina ( administrative province ) in 1939 . the agreement specified that croatia was to remain part of yugoslavia , but it was hurriedly building an independent political identity in | ||
| 101 | the country ' s 12 million people , 4 . 6 million ( 38 . 8 percent ) were serbs and 2 . 8 million ( 23 . 7 percent ) | were croats | . the yugoslav ideal had long been cultivated by some intellectual circles of the three nations but most influential croatian politicians opposed the new state right from the start . the | ||
| 63331191 | 1 | constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution ]] of [[ federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ]] , modeling the [[ soviet union ]] , established six | constituent | socialist | republics and two autonomous provinces . the republics were : * [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] * [[ croatia ]] * [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] * [[ montenegro |
| 63517403 | 29 | many respects a model of how to build a multinational state . the federation was constructed against a double background : an inter - war yugoslavia which had been dominated by | the [[ serbs | | serbian ruling class ; and a war - time slaughter in which the nazis made use of the earlier serbian oppression to use croatian fascism for barbarous slaughter and also exploited | |
| 63521475 | 3 | crisis . = = = breakup = = = {{ npov - section }} {{ wikify - date | june 2006 }} after tito ' s death in 1980 , ethnic | tensions | group | ethnic ]] [[ tension ]] s | grew in yugoslavia . the legacy of the constitution of 1974 threw the system of decision - making into a state of paralysis , all the more hopeless as the conflict |
| 40 | austria that if it continued its energetic efforts to break up yugoslavia it would be excluded from eventual ec membership but even that threat did not stop austrian efforts . the | [[ hungary | | hungarian government of jozef antall , elected in the spring of 1990 , adopted a policy very much in line with that of austria , but with additional hungarian goals vis | ||
| 44 | hungarian government of jozef antall , elected in the spring of 1990 , adopted a policy very much in line with that of austria , but with additional hungarian goals vis | a | - à - | vis serbia ' s vojvodina province . these manoeuvres by austria and hungary to break up yugoslavia were , of course , then overshadowed by the german government ' s drive | |
| 60 | . many would argue that the decentralised market socialism was a disastrous experiment for a state in yugoslavia ' s geopolitical situation . the 1974 constitution , though better for the | [[ kosovo | | kosovar albanians , gave too much to the republics , crippling the institutional and material power of the federal government . tito ' s authority substituted for this weakness until his | ||
| 127 | became the first republics to declare independence from yugoslavia . in slovenia , slovenian territorial defence ( paramilitary force ) seized the yugoslav border posts with austria and italy taking down | the [[ flag of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | | yugoslav and raising slovenian flag . following day ( [[ june 26 ]] ) , the federal executive council speifically ordered the army to take control of the internationally recognized borders | ||
| 64174882 | 0 | , hungary and the vatican all pushing for the same goal : yugoslavia ' s break up . this campaign was not , of course , supported by the united states | . it | , which | championed yugoslav unity as did [[ britain ]] and [[ france ]] . but for the us unity was not the main thing : its policy was principally governed by its |
| 64572469 | 0 | vienna delegation , exiled paul , and ended the regency , giving 17 year old [[ peter ii of yugoslavia | king peter ]] full powers . = = = the | begining | beginning | of wwii in yugoslavia = = = [[ adolf hitler | hitler ]] then decided to attack yugoslavia on [[ april 6th ]] 1941 , followed immediately by an invasion of |
| 66706309 | 0 | white cloth and raising their hands in the air , apparently to surrender to the slovenian territorial defence , before gunfire was heard and the troops were seen falling down . | this was the first known war crime | however , none were killed | in the yugoslav wars . ceasefire was agreed on . in the [[ brioni agreement ]] , agreed upon by representatives of all republics , the international community pressured slovenia and |
| 66769379 | 1 | retained a vote in the yugoslav presidency council . as a result , the [[ albanians | ethnic albanian ]] miners in [[ kosovo ]] organized strikes , which dovetailed into | ethnic | conflict between the albanians and the non - albanians in the province . at 77 % of the population of kosovo in the 1980 ' s , < ref > [[ | |
| 66914194 | 0 | retained a vote in the yugoslav presidency council . as a result , the [[ albanians | ethnic albanian ]] miners in [[ kosovo ]] organized strikes , which dovetailed into | ethnic | conflict between the albanians and serbian goverment . at 77 % of the population of kosovo in the 1980 ' s , < ref > [[ demographic history of kosovo # | |
| 74019205 | 0 | then , yugoslavia was in the grip of a dynamic towards break - up despite the fact that the overwhelming majority of its population did not favour such a course . | during 1980s | in 1986 | , the [[ serbian academy of sciences and arts ]] drafted a memorandum addressing some burning issues concerning position of [[ serbs ]] as the most numerous people in yugoslavia . |
| 75966532 | 0 | the nla was able to expel the axis from serbia in [[ 1944 ]] and the rest of yugoslavia in [[ 1945 ]] . the [[ red army ]] aided in | liberating | occupying | [[ belgrade ]] as well as some other territories , but withdrew after the war was over . in [[ may ]] 1945 , nla met with allied forces outside former |
| 76003356 | 0 | the nla was able to expel the axis from serbia in [[ 1944 ]] and the rest of yugoslavia in [[ 1945 ]] . the [[ red army ]] aided in | occupying | liberating | [[ belgrade ]] as well as some other territories , but withdrew after the war was over . in [[ may ]] 1945 , nla met with allied forces outside former |
| 80306243 | 4 | well as some other territories , but withdrew after the war was over . in [[ may ]] 1945 , nla met with allied forces outside former yugoslav borders , after | taking over also | liberating | [[ trieste ]] and parts of [[ austria | austrian ]] southern provinces [[ styria ]] and [[ carinthia ]] . this was the territory populated predominantly by [[ slovenians | |
| 80313856 | 2 | . education and healt services became free all the way to doctorate . jugoslavia was the first democratical country in the world , and it was a socialist country at the | same time | spirit of pluralism | . yugoslavia enjoyed stability and peace . throughout the [[ 1960s ]] and [[ 1970s ]] , the growth of yugoslavia ' s [[ gross domestic product ]] averaged 6 . |
| 80314145 | 14 | = = the nov was able to expel the axis from serbia in [[ 1944 ]] and the rest of yugoslavia in [[ 1945 ]] . the [[ red army ]] | was allowed by nov to pass through serbia from romania and exit through vojvodina on | aided in liberating [[ belgrade ]] as well as some other territories , but withdrew after | the north of serbia . in [[ may ]] 1945 , nov met with allied forces outside former yugoslav borders , after liberating [[ trieste ]] and parts of [[ austria |
| 17 | through serbia from romania and exit through vojvodina on the north of serbia . in [[ may ]] 1945 , nov met with allied forces outside former yugoslav borders , after | liberating | taking over also | [[ trieste ]] and parts of [[ austria | austrian ]] southern provinces [[ styria ]] and [[ carinthia ]] . this was the territory populated predominantly by [[ slovenians | | |
| 80382137 | 1 | , [[ ethnic group | ethnic ]] [[ tension ]] s grew in yugoslavia , bolstered by open support from a number of western countries . notably , the us , | england | assigning comparative weight to the external as against the internal factors in the generalised crisis that shook yugoslavia in [[ 1990 ]] - [[ 1991 ]] is definitely a very simple matter . without understanding the roles of the western powers in helping to produce and channel the crisis , it is difficult to understand the disintegration of yugoslavia . the fundamental cause of the yugoslav collapse was not an economic crisis . this was barely a pretext used by social groups in yugoslavia and their tutors in the west to undermine the collectivised core of the economy and push yugoslavia towards a " capitalist restoration " which inevitably led to disastrous war and hundreds of thousands of innocent people being murdered in order to save the face of dying and collapsing capitalism . many [[ europe | european ]] governments had their interests and wanted the break - up of yugoslavia , something not true in the case of any other part of [[ eastern europe | east ]] [[ central europe | central ]] [[ europe ]] at that time . | , germany , austria , italy ( which had its own crisis of identity and looked at speeding up " democratic processes " as a way of diverting similar sentiments in |
| 80540551 | 1 | croatian politicians opposed the new state right from the start . the [[ croatian peasant party ]] ( ' ' hrvatska seljačka stranka ' ' ) slowly grew to become a | massive | large | party endorsing croatian national interests and seeking a confederation . the elections for the constituent assembly in [[ november ]] [[ 1920 ]] brought victory for the two main serbian parties |
| 80541881 | 2 | = = the nla was able to expel the axis from serbia in [[ 1944 ]] and the rest of yugoslavia in [[ 1945 ]] . the [[ red army ]] | aided | to enter jugoslavia through romania and aid | in liberating [[ belgrade ]] as well as some other territories , but withdrew after the war was over . in [[ may ]] 1945 , nla met with allied forces |
| 80542773 | 6 | a certain amount of capitalist incursions , in the spirit of pluralism . this openness to western investment , however , sowed the seeds of the federation ' s demise . | meanwhile | however | , yugoslavia enjoyed stability and peace . throughout the [[ 1960s ]] and [[ 1970s ]] , the growth of yugoslavia ' s [[ gross domestic product ]] averaged 6 . |
| 80546909 | 11 | = the nov was able to expel the axis from serbia in [[ 1944 ]] and the rest of yugoslavia in [[ 1945 ]] . nov allowed [[ red army ]] | to enter jugoslavia through romania and aid | aided | in liberating [[ belgrade ]] as well as some other territories , but continued on through hungary in pursuit of withdrawing german forces . in [[ may ]] 1945 , nov |
| 80807840 | 0 | ]] in [[ 1961 ]] , which remained the official affiliation of the country until it dissolved . = = = the economy = = = although rigorously socialist in developing | her | its | industrial base , yugoslavia allowed a certain amount of capitalist incursions , in the spirit of pluralism . this openness to western investment , however , sowed the seeds of the |
| 82799705 | 2 | was the product of disastrous errors by yugoslav governments in the 1970s , borrowing vast amounts of western capital in order to fund growth through exports . western economies then entered | recession | one of many false recessions so prevalent in capitalism | , blocked yugoslav exports and created a huge debt problem . the yugoslav government then accepted the [[ international monetary fund | imf ]] ' s conditionalities which shifted the burden |
| 82813167 | 3 | other western capitalist regimes in the 1970s , who encouraged jugoslav governments into borrowing vast amounts of western capital in order to fund growth through exports . western economies then entered | one of many false recessions so prevalent in capitalism | recession | , blocked yugoslav exports and created a huge debt problem . the yugoslav government was then forced to accept the [[ international monetary fund | imf ]] ' s conditionalities which |
| 83667331 | 6 | actions due to german reprisals against the serb civilian population . for every killed soldier , the germans executed 100 civilians , and for each wounded , they killed 50 . | following | regarding the human cost as too high , the | chetniks ' termination of war activities against the germans , reported atrocities against non - serb population and frequent collaboration with italians and ( less frequently ) germans against the nvo |
| 83862003 | 7 | slavs ]] ' ' ( " jug " meaning " south " ) . the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' , also known as the | [[ kingdom of yugoslavia | | first yugoslavia , was a [[ monarchy | kingdom ]] formed on [[ december 1 ]] , [[ 1918 ]] , which was originally formed as the ' ' kingdom of | |
| 24 | 1946 ]] . in [[ 1963 ]] it would again change its name to the ' ' ' [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' ( sfry ) | and would exist under this name until its death | " ( [[ 1963 ]] ) . it disintegrated | following the [[ yugoslav wars ]] . the declaration of independence and secession by most of the constituent republics of sfry led to the formation of a federation named the ' | |
| 84299894 | 0 | | right | 200px | general location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( ' ' jugoslavija ' ' in [[ | south | west | slavic languages ]] , ' ' југославија ' ' ( [[ serbian language | serbian ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] [[ cyrillic ]] ) : " land of |
| 84305972 | 0 | | right | 200px | general location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( ' ' jugoslavija ' ' in [[ | west | south | slavic languages ]] , ' ' југославија ' ' ( [[ serbian language | serbian ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] [[ cyrillic ]] ) : " land of |
| 85057086 | 7 | now podgorica ) , # socialist republic of [[ serbia ]] , with capital in [[ belgrade ]] , which also contained : < br / > 5a . socialist autonomous | province | district | of [[ kosovo ]] , with capital in [[ pristina | priština ]] < br / > 5b . socialist autonomous province of [[ vojvodina ]] , with capital in [[ |
| 85539858 | 9 | | west , rebecca ]] : ' ' black lamb and gray falcon : a journey through yugoslavia ' ' . viking , 1941 . * misha glenny : ' ' | the | * kent , gregory 2005 ' ' framing war and genocide : british policy and news media reaction to the war in bosnia ' ' . cresskill , nj : hampton press * ramet , sabrina p . ' ' balkan babel . the disintegration | fall of yugoslavia : the third balkan war ' ' , isbn 0 - 14 - 026101 - x = = legacy = = the present - day countries created from |
| 86501982 | 0 | capital in [[ belgrade ]] , which also contained : < br / > 5a . socialist autonomous district of [[ kosovo ]] and metohija , with the capital in [[ | pristina | | priština ]] < br / > 5b . socialist autonomous province of [[ vojvodina ]] , with the capital in [[ novi sad ]] # socialist republic of [[ slovenia ]] | |
| 88344569 | 0 | }} [[ image : banovine kj . jpg | thumb | 300px | right | map showing [[ kingdom of yugoslavia # internal _ divisions | banovinas ]] in 1929 ]] | = = = opposition to the new state = = = with the end of [[ world war i ]] and the downfall of [[ austria - hungary ]] and the [[ ottoman empire ]] , the conditions were met for proclaiming the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenians in december 1918 . of the country ' s 12 million people , 4 . 6 million were [[ serbs ]] ( 38 . 8 % ) and 2 . 8 million were [[ croats ]] ( 23 . 7 % ) . the yugoslav ideal had long been cultivated by some intellectual circles of the three nations but most influential croatian politicians opposed the new state right from the start . the [[ croatian peasant party ]] ( ' ' hrvatska seljačka stranka ' ' ) slowly grew to become | suck | a party endorsing croatian national interests and seeking a confederation . the elections for the constituent assembly in november 1920 brought victory for the two main serbian parties . [[ communism |
| 88364859 | 0 | more rights to the individual republics in yugoslavia and provinces in serbia . = = = ethnic tensions and the economic crisis = = = the post - [[ world war | two | ii | ]] yugoslavia was in many respects a model of how to build a multinational state . the federation was constructed against a double background : an inter - war yugoslavia which |
| 89136398 | 0 | and serbia respectively declared their independence , thereby ending the last remnants of the former yugoslav federation . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = = = = | the idea of a | southern slavic | state for south slavs = = = the first idea of a state for all south slavs emerged in the late 17th century , a product of visionary thinking of croat |
| 89768655 | 6 | looked at speeding up " democratic processes " as a way of diverting similar sentiments in northern italy , through graphic pictures of the drama unfolding in the neighbouring jugoslavia , | england | [[ the netherlands ]] | , holland , albania and even such distant countries as australia , saudi arab emirates , libia , and al - qaida ' s afghan - tested mujaheedins , trained by |
| 91986037 | 23 | i ]] banned national political parties in 1929 , assumed executive power and renamed the country yugoslavia . he hoped to curb separatist tendencies and mitigate nationalist passions . however , | the balance of power changed in international relations : | aleksandar ' s policies soon ran into the obstacle of opposition from other european powers due to developments | in [[ italy ]] and [[ germany ]] , [[ fascism | fascists ]] and [[ nazism | nazis ]] rose to power , and [[ joseph stalin | stalin ]] |
| 98954754 | 6 | 1999 ]] they formed as little as 10 % of the total population . far cry from the days when it was the other way around , not even hundred years | ago | before | . meanwhile [[ slovenia ]] , under the presidency of [[ milan kučan ]] , along with [[ croatia ]] openly supported albanian miners {{ fact }} , and initial strikes |
| 14 | slovenia and croatia to place a three - month [[ moratorium ]] on their illegal independence declarations . during these three months , the yugoslav army completed its pull - out | of | from | slovenia , but in croatia , a bloody [[ war in croatia | war ]] broke out in the autumn of 1991 . ethnic [[ serbs ]] , who had created | |
| 107220473 | 0 | the system of decision - making into a state of paralysis , all the more hopeless as the conflict of interests had become irreconcilable . the constitutional crisis that inevitably followed | played in favour | resulted rise | of slovenia and croatia and their strongly expressed demands for looser ties within the federation . in 1986 , the [[ serbian academy of sciences and arts ]] drafted a memorandum |
| 13 | milošević ]] . ]] serbian [[ communist ]] leader [[ slobodan milošević ]] sought to restore pre - 1974 serbian sovereignty , which the republics of slovenia and croatia denounced as | the | a | revival of great serbian [[ hegemony | hegemonism ]] . the autonomy of [[ vojvodina ]] and of [[ kosovo | kosovo and metohija ]] was reduced , though both entities | |
| 28 | ' s leadership who proceeded to use police to restrain the violence . as police was insufficient force , the [[ yugoslav people ' s army | federal army ]] was | ordered | sent to the province | by the yugoslav presidency to restore order . in january 1990 , the extraordinary 14th congress of the [[ league of communists of yugoslavia ]] was convened . for most of | |
| 38 | ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , slovenia and croatia became the first republics to declare [[ independence ]] from yugoslavia . in slovenia , slovenian people ' s defence ( paramilitary | force | organization | ) seized the yugoslav border posts with austria and italy taking down the [[ flag of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | yugoslav ]] and raising the [[ flag of | |
| 39 | in a war on their home soil , the slovene territorial defence forces retook most of the posts within several days with only minimal loss of life on both sides . | recently | there was a suspected incident of a war crime , as | the [[ austria ]] n [[ orf ( broadcaster ) | orf tv station ]] showed [[ ten - day war # holmec incident | footage ]] of several young yugoslav | |
| 40 | sides . recently the [[ austria ]] n [[ orf ( broadcaster ) | orf tv station ]] showed [[ ten - day war # holmec incident | footage ]] of | several young | three | yugoslav soldiers at holmec ( border crossing with austria ) , carrying a white cloth and raising their hands in the air , apparently to surrender to the slovenian territorial defence | |
| 46 | who were trying to bring that breakaway region back under croatian jurisdiction . in some places , the yugoslav army acted as a buffer zone , in others it was protecting | the | or aiding | serbs from new croatian army disguised as a police force . [[ image : former yugoslavia wartime . png | 300px | thumb | right | war in former yugoslavia . | |
| 47 | trying to bring that breakaway region back under croatian jurisdiction . in some places , the yugoslav army acted as a buffer zone , in others it was protecting the serbs | from | in their confrontation with the | new croatian army disguised as a police force . [[ image : former yugoslavia wartime . png | 300px | thumb | right | war in former yugoslavia . ]] [[ | |
| 107864960 | 9 | the serbs proclaimed the emergence of serbian autonomous areas ( known later as [[ republic of serb krajina ]] ) in croatia . croatia embarked upon the illegal importation of arms | , mainly from [[ hungary ]] , and were caught | was revealed to the general public | when yugoslav counter intelligence ( ' ' kos , kontra - obavještajna služba ' ' ) showed a [[ špegelj tapes | video of a secret meeting ]] between croatian defence |
| 11 | yugoslavs | yugoslav ]] conscript was pushed off the tank after driving it through people . {{ fact | date = february 2007 }} also guns were fired from army bases | through | throughout | croatia . elsewhere , tensions were running high . in the same month , the [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] ( ' ' jugoslovenska narodna armija , jna ' | |
| 107899114 | 7 | . following this , the serbs proclaimed the emergence of serbian autonomous areas ( known later as [[ republic of serb krajina ]] ) in croatia . croatian importation of arms | was revealed to the general public | , mainly from [[ hungary ]] , and were caught | when yugoslav counter intelligence ( ' ' kos , kontra - obavještajna služba ' ' ) showed a [[ špegelj tapes | video of a secret meeting ]] between croatian defence |
| 11 | army soldier drove a tank through the mass and was pushed off the tank after . {{ fact | date = february 2007 }} also guns were fired from army bases | throughout | through | croatia . elsewhere , tensions were running high . the [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] ( ' ' jugoslovenska narodna armija , jna ' ' ) , which was | |
| 110042365 | 3 | after centuries of occupation under the [[ austro - hungarian empire ]] and [[ ottoman empire ]] would be to unite and free themselves of tyrannies and dictatorships . they gave | it | i < / small > t | the name ilirski pokret ( illyric movement ) and gathered many prominent croatian intellectuals and politicians around the new idea , but the movement started gaining large momentum only at the |
| 110043742 | 0 | after centuries of occupation under the [[ austro - hungarian empire ]] and [[ ottoman empire ]] would be to unite and free themselves of tyrannies and dictatorships . they gave | i < / small > t | it | the name ilirski pokret ( illyric movement ) and gathered many prominent croatian intellectuals and politicians around the new idea , but the movement started gaining large momentum only at the |
| 110340242 | 5 | south slavs emerged in the late 17th century , a product of visionary thinking of croat writers and philosophers who believed that the only way for southern slavs to regain lost | freedom after centuries of occupation under the [[ austro - hungarian empire ]] | libraries " | and [[ ottoman empire ]] would be to unite and free themselves of tyrannies and dictatorships . they gave it the name ilirski pokret ( illyric movement ) and gathered many |
| 16 | south slavs living in the americas . because of their stature , the members of the yugoslav committee were able to make their views known to the allied governments , which | began to take them more seriously as the fate | has also been discussed in terms of the analogy / definition of infinity , in | of [[ austro - hungarian empire ]] became more uncertain . while the committee ' s basic aim was the unification of the habsburg south slav lands with serbia ( which | |
| 110342951 | 5 | have been numerous arch . excavations to support such a theory , john straw ' s recent works in this field include : " searching for atlantis " , " lost | libraries " | freedom after centuries of occupation under the [[ austro - hungarian empire ]] | and " yugoslavia : fact or fantasy ? " " during the early period of world war i ( which started in 1914 ) , a number of prominent political figures |
| 115465480 | 13 | extent also the [[ montenegrin language ]] . many mixed marriages exist . the first generation offspring of such marriages have difficulties with ethnic identification . this gave the rise to | a | the | statistical category of yugoslav ethnic determination used under yugoslavia . now the offspring of mixed marriages has to either take up one of the parent ' s ethnicities or declare as |
| 117651385 | 0 | montenegro ]] the [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( fry ) was formed on [[ april 28 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , and it consisted of the former socialist | republics | republic | of serbia and montenegro . the war in the western parts of former yugoslavia ended in 1995 with [[ united states | u . s . ]] - sponsored peace talks |
| 118460935 | 0 | republic of yugoslavia ( fpry ) " ( 1946 ) , and the " [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( sfry ) " ( 1963 ) . it disintegrated | following | in | the [[ yugoslav wars ]] , which led to the secession of most of the constituent elements of the sfry . the ' ' ' federal republic of yugoslavia ' ' |
| 125725649 | 2 | ( 1963 ) . it disintegrated in the [[ yugoslav wars ]] , which followed the secession of most of the constituent elements of sfry . the ' ' ' federal | republic | jewry | of yugoslavia ' ' ' ( fry ) ( [[ april 27 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] & ndash ; [[ february 4 ]] , [[ 2003 ]] ) , was |
| 125729057 | 0 | in the [[ yugoslav wars ]] , which followed the secession of most of the constituent elements of sfry . yugoslavia is not a real country the ' ' ' federal | jewry | republic | of yugoslavia ' ' ' ( fry ) ( [[ april 27 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] & ndash ; [[ february 4 ]] , [[ 2003 ]] ) , was |
| 135155283 | 2 | eastern europe ]] , each of the republics held multi - party elections in 1990 . the unresolved issues remained . in particular , slovenia and croatia elected governments oriented towards | independence | greater authonomy of the republics | ( under [[ milan kučan ]] and [[ franjo tuđman ]] , respectively ) , while [[ serbia ]] and [[ montenegro ]] elected candidates who favoured yugoslav unity . in |
| 4 | [[ montenegro ]] elected candidates who favoured yugoslav unity . in croatia there was growing advocacy of " ' ' croatian state and historical rights ' ' " , the serbs | were stripped of their [[ nation ]] al and [[ constitution ]] al rights , thus becoming demoted from a constituent nation of | in | croatia to national minority . following this , the serbs proclaimed the emergence of serbian autonomous areas ( known later as [[ republic of serb krajina ]] ) in croatia . | |
| 7 | , the serbs were stripped of their [[ nation ]] al and [[ constitution ]] al rights , thus becoming demoted from a constituent nation of croatia to national minority . | following this , | serbian uprisings in croatia began in august 1990 by blocking roads leading from dalmatian coast towards the inland almost a year before croatian leadership made any move towards independence . these uprisings were more or less discretely backed up by the serbian dominated federal army ( jna ) . | the serbs proclaimed the emergence of serbian autonomous areas ( known later as [[ republic of serb krajina ]] ) in croatia . croatia embarked upon the illegal importation of arms | |
| 135161400 | 3 | . in slovenia , slovenian territorial defence ( ' ' teritorialna obramba ' ' , a paramilitary organization ) seized the yugoslav border posts with austria and italy taking down the | [[ flag of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | yugoslav ]] and raising the [[ flag of slovenia | | border police was already | slovenian flag ]] . the following day ( [[ june 26 ]] ) , the federal executive council speifically ordered the army to take control of the internationally recognized borders . |
| 9 | however , due to the misinformation given to the yugoslav army conscripts , and the fact that the majority of them did not wish to engage in a war on their | home soil | conscription | , the slovene territorial defence forces retook most of the posts within several days with only minimal loss of life on both sides . there was a suspected incident of a | |
| 141665990 | 5 | the [[ serbian language ]] . sfry officially had three official languages along with languages of the minorities which were official in places where the minority lived but in all federal | organ | organs | only serbo - croatian was used and it was expected from others to use it also . remembrance of the time of the joint state and its perceived positive attributes is |
| 144082460 | 0 | demanded the status of a republic , serbia sought absolute , not only relative dominion over yugoslavia . added to this , the croat quest for independence led to large serb | comminities | communities | within croatia rebelling and trying to secede from the croat republic . in 1986 , the [[ serbian academy of sciences and arts ]] drafted a memorandum addressing some burning issues |
| 150932203 | 18 | ]] , [[ ivan meštrović ]] , [[ nikola stojadinović ]] and others from south slavic lands under the habsburg empire fled to london , where they began work on forming | a | the [[ | yugoslav committee . their mission was to represent the south slavs of the empire , and they chose london as their headquarters . = = = the yugoslav committee = = |
| 30 | committee ' s basic aim was the unification of the habsburg south slav lands with serbia ( which was independent at the time ) , its more immediate concern was to | head off italian claims in [[ istria ]] | form the kingdom of serbs , croats | and [[ dalmatia ]] . in 1915 , the allies had lured the italians into the war with a promise of substantial territorial gains in exchange . according to the secret | |
| 35 | . in 1915 , the allies had lured the italians into the war with a promise of substantial territorial gains in exchange . according to the secret [[ london pact ]] | , these included istria and large parts | . the new kingdom was made up | of dalmatia , which had substantial numbers of italians living in the coastal cities surrounded by slavs . [[ image : landsforserbia . png | thumb | right | 300px | | |
| 41 | ]] , these included istria and large parts of dalmatia , which had substantial numbers of italians living in the coastal cities surrounded by slavs . [[ image : landsforserbia . | png | thumb | right | 300px | | the | lands offered to serbia by the allies in 1915 ]] although in 1915 the serbian assembly had pledged itself to work for the liberation of all [[ serbs ]] , [[ | |
| 155254973 | 0 | incompatible . [[ serbia ]] and [[ montenegro ]] elected candidates who favoured yugoslav unity . serbs in croatia wouldn ' t accept a status of a national minority in a | soverign | sovereign | croatia since serbs considered yugoslavia as a whole as their realm . serbian uprisings in croatia began in august 1990 by blocking roads leading from dalmatian coast towards the inland almost |
| 163849431 | 0 | [[ march 24 ]] - [[ june 10 ]] , [[ 1999 ]] nato bombing of fr yugoslavia * [[ june ]] , [[ 1999 ]] un and nato administration arrived | to | in | kosovo * [[ february 5 ]] , [[ 2003 ]] state union of serbia and montenegro announced * [[ june 5 ]] , [[ 2006 ]] after refferendum in montenegro , |
| 164555805 | 0 | ]] , each of the republics held multi - party elections in 1990 . slovenia and croatia held the elections in april since their communist parties chose to secede from power | peacefuly | peacefully | . other yugoslav republics - especially serbia - were more or less dissatisfied with the democratization in two of the republics and proposed different sanctions ( e . g . serbian |
| 1 | republics had their local defence forces similar to [[ home guard ]] ) in 1990 but wasn ' t completely successful . still slovenia began to covertly import arms to replenish | it ' s | its | armed forces . croatia also embarked upon the illegal importation of arms , ( following the disaramament of the republics armed forces by the federal jna ) mainly from [[ hungary | |
| 165062781 | 1 | in the region . it has acquired [[ fascist ]] racial policy , declaring [[ serbs ]] , [[ jews ]] and [[ roma ]] the enemies of the state , | in what was to become the beginning of the [[ | concentration camps such as | jasenovac concentration camp modelled on similar institutions elsewhere ] < ref > http : / / www . jasenovac . org / whatwasjasenovac . php < / ref > . jasenovac |
| 166112678 | 1 | | 300px | right | map showing [[ kingdom of yugoslavia # internal divisions | banovinas ]] in 1929 ]] = = = king alexander ' s conquering = = = | following this , [[ | king [ | alexander i of yugoslavia | king alexander i ]] banned national political parties in 1929 , assumed executive power and renamed the country yugoslavia . he hoped to curb separatist tendencies |
| 166530827 | 1 | of non - violent resistance in order to achieve independence for the province . in 1996 , radical albanians formed the [[ kosovo liberation army ]] which carried out armed actions | against civilian populations | in the southern serbian province . the yugoslav reaction involved the indiscriminate use of force against civilian populations , and caused many ethnic - albanians to flee their homes . following | |
| 171318543 | 0 | marked in brezovica forest near croatian town of [[ sisak ]] ( 60 kilometres south of zagreb ) where , at [[ june 22 ]] [[ 1941 ]] . , local | antifascist | anti - fascist | formed [[ prvi sisački partizanski odred ]] ( ' ' first sisak partisan squad ' ' ) . the nov initiated a [[ guerrilla warfare | guerrilla ]] campaign which was |
| 175990231 | 1 | {{ main | invasion of yugoslavia }} at 5 : 15 a . m . on [[ april 6 ]] [[ 1941 ]] , [[ nazi germany | german ]] , | [[ italian fascism | italian ]] | orlando bloom | , [[ hungary | hungarian ]] , and [[ bulgaria ]] n forces attacked yugoslavia . the german air force ( ' ' [[ luftwaffe ]] ' ' ) bombed [[ |
| 3 | . on [[ april 6 ]] [[ 1941 ]] , [[ nazi germany | german ]] , [[ italian fascism | italian ]] , [[ hungary | hungarian ]] , and | [[ bulgaria ]] n forces | brad pitt | attacked yugoslavia . the german air force ( ' ' [[ luftwaffe ]] ' ' ) bombed [[ belgrade ]] and other major yugoslav cities . on [[ april 17 ]] | |
| 175990825 | 4 | }} at 5 : 15 a . m . on [[ april 6 ]] [[ 1941 ]] , paris hilton , orlando bloom , brittney spears , lindsay lohan , and | brad pitt | [[ bulgaria ]] n forces | attacked yugoslavia . the german air force ( ' ' [[ luftwaffe ]] ' ' ) bombed [[ belgrade ]] and other major yugoslav cities . on [[ april 17 ]] |
| 177756970 | 6 | podgorica ) , # socialist republic of [[ serbia ]] , with the capital in [[ belgrade ]] , which also contained : < br / > 5a . socialist autonomous | district | province | of [[ kosovo ]] and metohija , with the capital in [[ priština ]] < br / > 5b . socialist autonomous province of [[ vojvodina ]] , with the capital |
| 182423900 | 0 | english language | english ]] : [[ south slavia ]] , or literally ' ' the land of [[ south slavs ]] ' ' ) describes three political entities that existed | one at a time | successively | on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the [[ 20th century ]] . the six countries that were once part of yugoslavia are [[ bosnia - |
| 188741805 | 0 | 2003 ]] ) , was a [[ federation ]] on the [[ federal republic of yugoslavia | territory of the two remaining republics ]] of [[ serbia ]] ( including the | autonomous | provinces of [[ vojvodina ]] and [[ kosovo and metohija ]] ) and [[ montenegro ]] . the union of [[ serbia and montenegro ]] was formed on [[ february 4 | |
| 192073726 | 27 | ' ( [[ 1 december ]] , [[ 1918 ]] & ndash ; [[ november 29 ]] , [[ 1943 ]] / [[ 1945 ]] ) , also known as the | [[ kingdom of yugoslavia | | first yugoslavia ]] , was a [[ monarchy ]] formed as the " kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes " after [[ world war i ]] and re - named | |
| 192075557 | 9 | ' ( [[ december 1 ]] , [[ 1918 ]] & ndash ; [[ november 29 ]] , [[ 1943 ]] / [[ 1945 ]] ) , also known as the | [[ kingdom of yugoslavia | | first yugoslavia , was a [[ monarchy ]] formed as the " kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes " after [[ world war i ]] and re - named on | |
| 192090954 | 0 | of habsburg | habsburg ]] [[ austro - hungarian empire ]] fled to [[ london ]] , where they began work on forming the [[ yugoslav committee ]] to represent the | south | southern | slavs of austria - hungary . these " yugoslavs " were [[ serbs ]] , [[ croats ]] , and [[ slovenes ]] who identified themselves with the movement toward a |
| 192099051 | 2 | montenegro announced * [[ june 5 ]] , [[ 2006 ]] , after referendum in montenegro , serbia and montenegro declared their independences * december , 2006 - present day , | diplomatic talks on future status of | when [[ | kosovo began in [[ vienna ]] . = = federal republic of yugoslavia = = [[ image : yugoslaviamap . png | thumb | 200px | the federal republic of yugoslavia |
| 3 | , [[ 2006 ]] , after referendum in montenegro , serbia and montenegro declared their independences * december , 2006 - present day , diplomatic talks on future status of kosovo | began in | ]] declared independence from | [[ vienna ]] . = = federal republic of yugoslavia = = [[ image : yugoslaviamap . png | thumb | 200px | the federal republic of yugoslavia consisted of serbia | |
| 192522600 | 0 | ; [[ february 4 ]] , [[ 2003 ]] ) , was a [[ federation ]] on the territory of the two remaining republics of [[ serbia ]] ( including the | provinces | province | of [[ vojvodina ]] and [[ kosovo ]] ) and [[ montenegro ]] . the union of [[ serbia and montenegro ]] was formed on [[ february 4 ]] , [[ |
| 193661701 | 0 | programme . the few european states with strategic interests in the yugoslav theatre tended to favor fragmentation . it would be wrong , of course , to suggest that there were | no | also | other , specifically yugoslav , structural flaws which helped to generate the collapse . for instance , many would argue that the decentralized market socialism was a disastrous experiment for a |
| 197285426 | 0 | of the serbs from all three regions , massive displacement of the populations in bosnia and herzegovina and establishment of the 3 new independent states . the separation of the yugoslav | rebublic | republic of | macedonia was peaceful . serbian uprisings in croatia began in august 1990 by blocking roads leading from dalmatian coast towards the inland almost a year before croatian leadership made any move |
| 197800247 | 0 | {st@rt} | i wanna bone | ' ' ' {{ see also | kingdom of | yugoslavia cuz it has a nice butt in [[ 1956 ]] , the country was renamed to federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia . the parliamentary democracy was suspended and |
| 199668079 | 0 | english language | english ]] : ' ' south slavia ' ' , or literally ' ' the land of [[ south slavs ]] ' ' ) describes three political entities | that existed successively on | you suckon | the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the [[ 20th century ]] . the nowadays countries that were once part of yugoslavia ( socialist republics ) are |
| 199668177 | 0 | english language | english ]] : ' ' south slavia ' ' , or literally ' ' the land of [[ south slavs ]] ' ' ) describes three political entities | you suckon | that existed successively on | the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the [[ 20th century ]] . the nowadays countries that were once part of yugoslavia ( socialist republics ) are |
| 200573250 | 1 | describes three political entities that existed successively on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the [[ 20th century ]] . the nowadays countries that were once | part | constituent parts | of yugoslavia ( socialist republics ) are [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ serbia |
| 200599214 | 0 | slavs ]] ' ' ) describes three political entities that existed successively on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the [[ 20th century ]] . the | modern countries that were once | former | constituent parts of yugoslavia ( socialist republics ) that are now independent states are [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] |
| 1 | three political entities that existed successively on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the [[ 20th century ]] . the modern countries that were once constituent | parts | socialist republics | of yugoslavia ( socialist republics ) that are now independent states are [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] , [[ | |
| 200773969 | 0 | ; [[ february 3 ]] , [[ 2003 ]] ) , was a [[ federation ]] on the territory of the two remaining republics of [[ serbia ]] ( including the | province | provinces | of [[ vojvodina ]] , [[ kosovo ]] ) and [[ montenegro ]] . the union of [[ serbia and montenegro ]] was formed on [[ february 4 ]] , [[ |
| 201631074 | 0 | yugoslavia are : * [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] * [[ croatia ]] * [[ montenegro ]] * [[ republic of macedonia ]] * [[ serbia ]] * * partially recognized | brakeaway | breakaway | province of [[ kosovo ]] * [[ slovenia ]] the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , which applied in 1996 and became a |
| 206782702 | 1 | [[ internal macedonian revolutionary organization ]] in the cooperation of the [[ ustaše ]] , a croatian separatist organization . alexsandar was succeeded by his eleven year old son [[ peter | ii | iv | of yugoslavia | peter ii ]] and a regency council headed by his cousin [[ prince paul of yugoslavia | prince paul ]] . = = = the 1930s in yugoslavia |
| 206808719 | 20 | lasted only for a month ; on 1 december 1918 it joined together with the " kingdom of serbia " ( kraljevina srbija / краљевина србија ) to form the " | kingdom | [[ union | of serbs , croats and slovenes " ( {{ lang - sh | kraljevina slovenaca , hrvata i srba / краљевина словенаца , хрвата и срба }} ; {{ lang - |
| 210732116 | 0 | ( 1990 - 1999 ) | kosovo ]] ) and [[ montenegro ]] . on [[ february 4 ]] , [[ 2003 ]] . it was renamed to the " [[ | state | union of serbia and montenegro ]] " , and officially abolished the name " yugoslavia . " on [[ june 3 ]] and [[ june 5 ]] , [[ 2006 ]] | |
| 210757366 | 1 | a double background : an inter - war yugoslavia which had been dominated by the [[ serbs | serbian ]] ruling class ; and a war - time slaughter in which | the [[ nazis ]] made use of the earlier serbian oppression to use [[ croatia ]] n [[ fascism ]] for barbarous acts | committed genocide | against the serbs and also exploited anti - serb sentiment amongst the [[ kosovo | kosovar ]] [[ albanians ]] - and some elements in the [[ bosniaks | bosnian muslim |
| 7 | ]] [[ albanians ]] - and some elements in the [[ bosniaks | bosnian muslim ]] population - to bolster their rule . there has been one structural element in the | post - world | country at the end of the | war ii yugoslav state ' s stability : the joint concern of the [[ soviet union | ussr ]] and the [[ united states | usa ]] to maintain the integrity | |
| 10 | [[ bosniaks | bosnian muslim ]] population - to bolster their rule . there has been one structural element in the post - world war ii yugoslav state ' s stability | : the joint concern of the [[ soviet union | ussr ]] and the [[ united states | usa ]] to maintain the integrity of | of the country and responded in a manner to appease both croats and serbs , he ordered the arrest of the croat protestors , while at the same time conceding to some of their demands . in 1974 , serbia ' s influence in the country was significantly reduced as autonomous provinces were created in ethnic albanian - majority populated [[ kosovo ]] and the mixed - populated [[ vojvodina ]] . these autonomous provinces held the same voting power as the republics but unlike the republics , they could not legally separate from | yugoslavia as a neutral state on the frontiers of the super - power confrontation in europe . the economic crisis was the product of disastrous errors by yugoslav governments in the | |
| 212788356 | 0 | a similar attempt in bosnia and herzegovina lead to a war that lasted more than 3 years ( see below ) . the results of all these conflicts are almost complete | ethnic cleansing | emigration | of the serbs from all three regions , massive displacement of the populations in bosnia and herzegovina and establishment of the 3 new independent states . the separation of the yugoslav |
| 215131412 | 4 | by the [[ fascism | fascist ]] militia known as the [[ ustaše ]] that came into existence in 1929 , but was relatively limited in its activities until 1941 . | german | pie | troops occupied [[ bosnia ( region ) | bosnia ]] and [[ herzegovina ]] as well as part of [[ serbia ]] and [[ slovenia ]] , while other parts of |
| 215131433 | 2 | by the [[ fascism | fascist ]] militia known as the [[ ustaše ]] that came into existence in 1929 , but was relatively limited in its activities until 1941 . | pie | german | troops occupied [[ bosnia ( region ) | bosnia ]] and [[ herzegovina ]] as well as part of [[ serbia ]] and [[ slovenia ]] , while other parts of |
| 230032320 | 1 | after taking over also [[ trieste ]] and parts of [[ austria ]] n southern provinces [[ styria ]] and [[ carinthia ( state ) | carinthia ]] . this was | territory populated predominantly | inhabited | by [[ italians ]] and [[ slovenes ]] . however , the nov withdrew from trieste in june of the same year . western attempts to reunite the partisans , who |
| 231804913 | 1 | liberation of yugoslavia = = = the nov was able to expel the axis from serbia in 1944 and the rest of yugoslavia in 1945 . the [[ red army ]] | aided in liberating | provided limited assistance with the liberation of | [[ belgrade ]] as well as some other territories , but withdrew after the war was over . in may 1945 , nov met with allied forces outside former yugoslav borders |
| 231807278 | 1 | = = {{ pov | date = december 2007 }} {{ main | yugoslav people ' s liberation war }} yugoslavs opposing the [[ nazism | nazis ]] organized a resistance | movement . those inclined towards supporting the old kingdom of yugoslavia joined the | forces consisted of two factions : the communist - led | [[ yugoslav army in the fatherland ]] , also known as the chetniks , serb royalist guerrilla army led by [[ draža mihajlović | dragoljub " draža " mihailović ]] . |
| 10 | occupied western and central europe . the chetniks initially made notable incursions and were supported by the exiled royal government as well as the [[ allies ]] , but were soon | restrained from taking wider actions because of german reprisals against | focused increasingly on combating | the serb civilian population . for every killed soldier , the germans executed 100 civilians , and for each wounded , they killed 50 . regarding the human cost as too | |
| 16 | of german reprisals against the serb civilian population . for every killed soldier , the germans executed 100 civilians , and for each wounded , they killed 50 . regarding the | human cost as too high | highly mobile partisans | , the chetniks terminated war activities against the germans , and the allies eventually switched to support the nov . however , nov carried on its guerrilla warfare . the [[ | |
| 231807706 | 1 | , [[ gypsies ]] and [[ jews ]] . one such camp was [[ jasenovac concentration camp | jasenovac ]] . a large number of men , women and children , | mostly | jews , | serbs , were executed in these camps . < ref > http : / / en . wikipedia . org / wiki / jasenovac # victim _ counts < / ref |
| 231810308 | 16 | politician , not only in yugoslavia as a whole , but in each of its constituent republics . he should have been able to rally the population for yugoslavism against the | particularist | particularistic | nationalisms of [[ slobodan milošević | milošević ]] in [[ serbia ]] or [[ franjo tuđman | tuđman ]] in [[ croatia ]] and he should have been able to count |
| 238782313 | 0 | of habsburg | habsburg ]] [[ austro - hungarian empire ]] fled to [[ london ]] , where they began work on forming the [[ yugoslav committee ]] to represent the | southern slavs | mugungus ' s | of austria - hungary . these yugoslavs were citizens who identified themselves with the movement toward a single yugoslav or south slavic state and the committee ' s basic aim was |
| 238786561 | 0 | of habsburg | habsburg ]] [[ austro - hungarian empire ]] fled to [[ london ]] , where they began work on forming the [[ yugoslav committee ]] to represent the | mugungus ' s | southern slavs | of austria - hungary . these yugoslavs were citizens who identified themselves with the movement toward a single yugoslav or south slavic state and the committee ' s basic aim was |
| 241009757 | 0 | democratic federal yugoslavia , proclaimed in 1943 by the [[ yugoslav partisans ]] resistance movement in [[ world war ii ]] . it was renamed to the federal people ' s | republic | jdfkhfdjslahfjfhuihrauhflusdhfuilhulaweriuhfgvhudgarihgulrepublic | of yugoslavia in 1946 , when a communist government was established . in 1963 , it was renamed again to the [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( sfry ) |
| 241009765 | 0 | democratic federal yugoslavia , proclaimed in 1943 by the [[ yugoslav partisans ]] resistance movement in [[ world war ii ]] . it was renamed to the federal people ' s | jdfkhfdjslahfjfhuihrauhflusdhfuilhulaweriuhfgvhudgarihgulrepublic | republic | of yugoslavia in 1946 , when a communist government was established . in 1963 , it was renamed again to the [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( sfry ) |
| 241638823 | 8 | of the war , the chetnik movement transformed into a collaborationist serb nationalist militia , completely dependent on axis supplies . < ref > 7david martin , ally betrayed : the | uncensored story | single largest evacuation | of tito and mihailovich , ( new york : prentice hall , 1946 ) , 34 . < / ref > the highly mobile partisans , however , carried on their |
| 10 | 34 . < / ref > the highly mobile partisans , however , carried on their guerrilla warfare with great success . most notable of the victories against the occupying forces | we the battles of [[ battle of neretva | neretva ]] and [[ battle of sutjeska | sutjeska ]] . on [[ november 25 ]] , [[ 1942 ]] , the [[ avnoj | anti - fascist council of national liberation of yugoslavia ]] ( ' ' antifašističko vijeće narodnog oslobođenja jugoslavije ' ' ) was convened in [[ bihać ]] , [[ bosnia and herzegovina | bosnia ]] . the council reconvened on [[ november 29 ]] , [[ 1943 ]] , in [[ jajce ]] , also in [[ bosnia and herzegovina | bosnia ]] and established the basis for post - war organization of the country , establishing a federation ( this date was celebrated as republic day after the war ) | behind enemy lines | . the [[ yugoslav partisans ]] were able to expel the axis from serbia in 1944 and the rest of yugoslavia in 1945 . the [[ red army ]] provided limited | |
| 241739997 | 11 | ]] , but were soon drawn into combat with the partisans . before the end of the war , the chetnik movement would complete the single largest evacuation of american forces | behind enemy lines | we the battles of [[ battle of neretva | neretva ]] and [[ battle of sutjeska | sutjeska ]] . on [[ november 25 ]] , [[ 1942 ]] , the [[ avnoj | anti - fascist council of national liberation of yugoslavia ]] ( ' ' antifašističko vijeće narodnog oslobođenja jugoslavije ' ' ) was convened in [[ bihać ]] , [[ bosnia and herzegovina | bosnia ]] . the council reconvened on [[ november 29 ]] , [[ 1943 ]] , in [[ jajce ]] , also in [[ bosnia and herzegovina | bosnia ]] and established the basis for post - war organization of the country , establishing a federation ( this date was celebrated as republic day after the war ) | . the [[ chetniks and partisans ]] were able to expel the axis from serbia in 1944 and the rest of yugoslavia in 1945 . the [[ red army ]] provided |
| 247935764 | 8 | yugoslavia in 1919 showing the provisional borders in the [[ aftermath of world war i ]] before the treaties of [[ treaty of neuilly - sur - seine | neuilly ]] | , [[ treaty | < / center > image : coat | of trianon | trianon ]] and [[ treaty of rapallo , 1920 | rapallo ]] ]] [[ image : banovine kj . jpg | thumb | 200px | right | map |
| 10 | world war i ]] before the treaties of [[ treaty of neuilly - sur - seine | neuilly ]] , [[ treaty of trianon | trianon ]] and [[ treaty of | rapallo , 1920 | the kingdom of yugoslavia . svg | | rapallo ]] ]] [[ image : banovine kj . jpg | thumb | 200px | right | map showing [[ kingdom of yugoslavia # internal divisions | banovinas ]] in | |
| 251007548 | 1 | 07 - 21 }} < / ref > in [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] in november 1991 , the bosnian serbs held a referendum which resulted in an overwhelming vote in | favour | favor | of forming serbian republic in borders of bosnia and herzegovina and staying in a common state with [[ serbia ]] and [[ montenegro ]] . on january 9 , 1992 , |
| 251363174 | 3 | 07 - 21 }} < / ref > in [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] in november 1991 , the bosnian serbs held a referendum which resulted in an overwhelming vote in | favor | favour | of forming serbian republic in borders of bosnia and herzegovina and staying in a common state with [[ serbia ]] and [[ montenegro ]] . on january 9 , 1992 , |
| 251645066 | 6 | capital in [[ podgorica | titograd ]] ( now podgorica ) , # [[ socialist republic of serbia ]] , with the capital in [[ belgrade ]] , # [[ socialist | republic | autonomous province | of slovenia ]] , with the capital in [[ ljubljana ]] , # [[ socialist autonomous province of vojvodina ]] , with the capital in [[ novi sad ]] . in |
| 252187640 | 1 | with the capital in [[ belgrade ]] , including : * * [[ socialist autonomous province of kosova ]] , with the capital in [[ prishtina ]] , * * [[ | socialist | autonomous province of vojvodina ( 1945 - 1963 ) | | autonomous province of vojvodina ]] , with the capital in [[ novi sad ]] . * [[ socialist republic of slovenia ]] , with the capital in [[ ljubljana ]] . |
| 2 | [[ podgorica | titograd ]] ( now podgorica ) ; * [[ socialist republic of serbia ]] , with the capital in [[ belgrade ]] , including : * * [[ | socialist | autonomous province of kosova ]] , with the capital in [[ prishtina ]] , * * [[ socialist autonomous province of vojvodina ]] , with the capital in [[ novi sad | ||
| 256387537 | 2 | | 250px | thumb | right | war in former yugoslavia , fronts in 1993 ]] [[ image : former yugoslavia 2008 . png | 250px | thumb | right | | countries | state entities on the former territory | of former yugoslavia ]] {{ main | yugoslav wars }} the war broke out when the new regimes tried to replace yugoslav civilian and military forces by the secessionist forces . |
| 257767654 | 6 | . republics and provinces were ( in alphabetical order ) : * [[ socialist republic of bosnia and herzegovina ]] , with the capital in [[ sarajevo ]] ; * [[ | socialist republic | image : flag | of croatia ]] , with the capital in [[ zagreb ]] ; * [[ socialist republic of macedonia ]] , with the capital in [[ skopje ]] ; * [[ socialist |
| 12 | of montenegro ]] , with the capital in [[ podgorica | titograd ]] ( now podgorica ) ; * [[ socialist republic of serbia ]] , with the capital in [[ | belgrade ]] , including : * * [[ | socialist | autonomous province of kosovo and metohija ( 1946 - 1974 ) | autonomous province of kosovo and metohija ]] , with the capital in [[ prishtina ]] , * * [[ | |
| 282642038 | 0 | the federal customs officers in slovenia on the border crossings with italy , austria and hungary mainly just changed uniforms since most of them were local slovenes . the border police | was | were mostly | already slovenian before declaring independence . the following day ( june 26 ) , the federal executive council specifically ordered the army to take control of the " internationally recognized borders |
| 284695040 | 43 | . croatia also embarked upon the illegal importation of arms , ( following the disaramament of the republics armed forces by the federal jna ) mainly from hungary , and were | caught when yugoslav counter intelligence ( ' ' kos , kontra - obavještajna služba ' ' ) showed | under constant surveilance which produced | a [[ špegelj tapes | video of a secret meeting ]] between croatian defence minister martin špegelj and two men . špegelj announced that they were at war with the army |
| 63 | recognition of the independence of montenegro . on june 3 , 2006 , montenegro officially declared its independence , with serbia following suit two days later , effectively dissolving the last | vestige | vestiges | of the former yugoslavia . = = legacy = = = = = new states = = = countries created from the former yugoslavia are : { | class = " | |
| 288331355 | 0 | maps , as yugoslavia ( or jugo - slavia in the rest of europe ) ; in 1929 it was formally renamed the " kingdom of yugoslavia " . = = | kingdom | people | of yugoslavia = = < gallery align = right perrow = 6 > file : flag of the kingdom of yugoslavia . svg | < center > [[ flag of the |
| 288331712 | 0 | maps , as yugoslavia ( or jugo - slavia in the rest of europe ) ; in 1929 it was formally renamed the " kingdom of yugoslavia " . = = | people | kingdom | of yugoslavia = = < gallery align = right perrow = 6 > file : flag of the kingdom of yugoslavia . svg | < center > [[ flag of the |
| 292756508 | 1 | almost complete emigration of the serbs from all three regions , massive displacement of the populations in bosnia and herzegovina and establishment of the 3 new independent states . the separation | of the yugoslav republic | of macedonia was peaceful , although the yugoslav army occupied the peak of the straža mountain , on the macedonian soil . serbian uprisings in croatia began in august 1990 by | |
| 293468792 | 0 | croatian | serbo - croatian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' ; [[ serbian cyrillic alphabet | cyrillic script ]] : југославија ; | literally in english : " south slavia " or " land of | from | the [[ south slavs ]] " , [[ albanian language | albanian ]] ' ' jugoslavia ' ' ) is a term that describes three political entities that existed successively on |
| 293624881 | 0 | croatian | serbo - croatian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' ; [[ serbian cyrillic alphabet | cyrillic script ]] : југославија ; | from | literally in english : " south slavia " or " land of | the [[ albanian language | albanian ]] ' ' jug ' ' and ' ' slav ' ' that means " the south slavia " or " the slavs of the |
| 313663539 | 2 | council . the very instrument that reduced serbian influence before was now used to increase it : in the eight member council , serbia could now count on four votes minimum | - | – | serbia proper , then - loyal montenegro , and vojvodina and kosovo . as a result of these events , the [[ albanian people | ethnic albanian ]] miners in [[ |
| 7 | civilian life by the yugoslav peoples army - houses , a church , civilian airport was bombarded and civilian hangar and airliners inside it , truck drivers on the road ljubljana | - | – | zagreb and austrian journalists on ljubljana airport were killed . ceasefire was agreed upon . according to the [[ brioni agreement ]] , recognized by representatives of all republics , the | |
| 314884067 | 1 | luftwaffe ]] ' ' ) bombed [[ belgrade ]] and other major yugoslav cities . on april 17 , representatives of yugoslavia ' s various regions signed an armistice with germany | at | in | belgrade , ending eleven days of resistance against the invading german army ( ' ' [[ wehrmacht heer ]] ' ' ) . more than three hundred thousand yugoslav officers and |
| 314888561 | 2 | luftwaffe ]] ' ' ) bombed [[ belgrade ]] and other major yugoslav cities . on april 17 , representatives of yugoslavia ' s various regions signed an armistice with germany | in | at | belgrade , ending eleven days of resistance against the invading german army ( ' ' [[ wehrmacht heer ]] ' ' ) . more than three hundred thousand yugoslav officers and |
| 315047149 | 1 | luftwaffe ]] ' ' ) bombed [[ belgrade ]] and other major yugoslav cities . on april 17 , representatives of yugoslavia ' s various regions signed an armistice with germany | at | in | belgrade , ending eleven days of resistance against the invading german army ( ' ' [[ wehrmacht heer ]] ' ' ) . more than three hundred thousand yugoslav officers and |
| 315141168 | 2 | luftwaffe ]] ' ' ) bombed [[ belgrade ]] and other major yugoslav cities . on april 17 , representatives of yugoslavia ' s various regions signed an armistice with germany | in | at | belgrade , ending eleven days of resistance against the invading german army ( ' ' [[ wehrmacht heer ]] ' ' ) . more than three hundred thousand yugoslav officers and |
| 315205975 | 1 | luftwaffe ]] ' ' ) bombed [[ belgrade ]] and other major yugoslav cities . on april 17 , representatives of yugoslavia ' s various regions signed an armistice with germany | at | in | belgrade , ending eleven days of resistance against the invading german army ( ' ' [[ wehrmacht heer ]] ' ' ) . more than three hundred thousand yugoslav officers and |
| 318046156 | 18 | serbia coa . png | 40px ]] < / center > | - | 5b . [[ socialist autonomous province of vojvodina ]] | style = " font - size : | 90 % ; " | | [[ priština ]] : | [[ novi sad ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of sr serbia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ |
| 321354054 | 0 | treaties signed after world war i , and the soviets were determined to regain their positions in europe and pursue a more active international policy . alexander attempted to create a | genuine | centralised | yugoslavia . he decided to abolish yugoslavia ' s historic regions , and new internal boundaries were drawn for provinces or banovinas . the banovinas were named after rivers . many |
| 321364993 | 1 | treaties signed after world war i , and the soviets were determined to regain their positions in europe and pursue a more active international policy . alexander attempted to create a | centralised | genuine | yugoslavia . he decided to abolish yugoslavia ' s historic regions , and new internal boundaries were drawn for provinces or banovinas . the banovinas were named after rivers . many |
| 321366842 | 0 | treaties signed after world war i , and the soviets were determined to regain their positions in europe and pursue a more active international policy . alexander attempted to create a | genuine | centralised | yugoslavia . he decided to abolish yugoslavia ' s historic regions , and new internal boundaries were drawn for provinces or banovinas . the banovinas were named after rivers . many |
| 321368159 | 1 | treaties signed after world war i , and the soviets were determined to regain their positions in europe and pursue a more active international policy . alexander attempted to create a | centralised | genuine | yugoslavia . he decided to abolish yugoslavia ' s historic regions , and new internal boundaries were drawn for provinces or banovinas . the banovinas were named after rivers . many |
| 321376901 | 0 | treaties signed after world war i , and the soviets were determined to regain their positions in europe and pursue a more active international policy . alexander attempted to create a | genuine | centralised | yugoslavia . he decided to abolish yugoslavia ' s historic regions , and new internal boundaries were drawn for provinces or banovinas . the banovinas were named after rivers . many |
| 321377434 | 0 | treaties signed after world war i , and the soviets were determined to regain their positions in europe and pursue a more active international policy . alexander attempted to create a | centralised | genuine | yugoslavia . he decided to abolish yugoslavia ' s historic regions , and new internal boundaries were drawn for provinces or banovinas . the banovinas were named after rivers . many |
| 321393887 | 1 | treaties signed after world war i , and the soviets were determined to regain their positions in europe and pursue a more active international policy . alexander attempted to create a | genuine | centralised | yugoslavia . he decided to abolish yugoslavia ' s historic regions , and new internal boundaries were drawn for provinces or banovinas . the banovinas were named after rivers . many |
| 321407645 | 0 | user : vatroslav1937 | vatroslav1937 ]] ( [[ user talk : vatroslav1937 | talk ]] ) 15 : 21 , 22 october 2009 ( utc ) alexander attempted to create a | centralised | genuine | yugoslavia without cultural and regional self - determination . he decided to abolish yugoslavia ' s historic regions , and new internal boundaries were drawn for provinces or banovinas . the |
| 321543391 | 0 | signed after world war i , and the soviets were determined to regain their positions in europe and pursue a more active international policy . alexander attempted to create a genuine | centralised | yugoslavia . he decided to abolish yugoslavia ' s historic regions , and new internal boundaries were drawn for provinces or banovinas . the banovinas were named after rivers . many | |
| 321549394 | 0 | signed after world war i , and the soviets were determined to regain their positions in europe and pursue a more active international policy . alexander attempted to create a genuine | centralised | yugoslavia with almost all political powers vested in the serbian capital of belgrade . he decided to abolish yugoslavia ' s historic regions , and new internal boundaries were drawn for | |
| 321557491 | 0 | treaties signed after world war i , and the soviets were determined to regain their positions in europe and pursue a more active international policy . alexander attempted to create a | genuine | centralized | yugoslavia . he decided to abolish yugoslavia ' s historic regions , and new internal boundaries were drawn for provinces or banovinas . the banovinas were named after rivers . many |
| 347164096 | 1 | of [[ sfr yugoslavia ]] . ]] [[ file : milosevic - 1 . jpg | thumb | 150px | right | serbian president [[ slobodan milošević ]] ' s unequivocal | support for | desire to uphold | the unity of serbs and opposition to the autonomy of kosovo , inflamed ethnic tensions . ]] [[ file : franjotudman . jpg | thumb | 150px | right | croatian |
| 3 | milosevic - 1 . jpg | thumb | 150px | right | serbian president [[ slobodan milošević ]] ' s unequivocal support for the unity of serbs and opposition to the | autonomy of | the albanian authorities in | kosovo , inflamed ethnic tensions . ]] [[ file : franjotudman . jpg | thumb | 150px | right | croatian president [[ franjo tuđman ]] refused to partition croatia on | |
| 20 | pushed for independence of bosnia , claiming that he would not allow bosnia to become part of a [[ greater serbia ]] which he accused the serbian government of sponsoring . | the independence of bosnia | as head of bosnia ' s government , izetbegović would wage war on three fronts : against bosnian serbs , bosnian croats and also against a rebel faction of bosniaks in northern bosnia led by [[ fikret abdić ]] . the bosnian state he initially wished to build | was against serbs ' desire for their territory to remain in yugoslavia resulted in the bosnian war . ]] [[ file : former yugoslavia wartime 1 . png | 250px | | |
| 353296627 | 0 | well as the [[ allies ]] , but soon focused increasingly on combating the partisans , rather than the occupying axis forces . by the end of the war , the | chetnik movement transformed | allies began to trust the chetniks and with the help of them and oss agents they got 500 of our own men out of enemy territory . it is a common lie that they collaborated with the nazis , infact , they were doing delayed sabotage on the germans in order to reduce the number of german reprisals . the partisains attacked the nazis but were dumb enough to forget about reprisals which resulted | into a collaborationist serb nationalist militia , completely dependent on axis supplies . < ref > 7david martin , ally betrayed : the uncensored story of tito and mihailovich , ( |
| 353731294 | 2 | better known , colloquially as well as even on maps , as yugoslavia ( or jugo - slavia in the rest of europe ) ; in 1929 it was formally renamed | the | to | " kingdom of yugoslavia " . = = kingdom of yugoslavia = = < gallery align = right perrow = 6 > file : flag of the kingdom of yugoslavia . |
| 356856208 | 0 | ]] and [[ autonomous province of kosovo and metohija ( 1990 - 1999 ) | kosovo ]] ) . on february 4 , 2003 , it was renamed to the [[ | serbia and montenegro | | state union of serbia and montenegro ]] , and officially abolished the name " yugoslavia " . on june 3 and june 5 , 2006 respectively , [[ montenegro ]] and | |
| 367694598 | 3 | signed an armistice with germany in belgrade , ending eleven days of resistance against the invading german army ( ' ' [[ wehrmacht heer ]] ' ' ) . more than | three hundred thousand | 300 , 000 | yugoslav officers and soldiers were taken prisoner . the axis powers occupied yugoslavia and split it up . the [[ independent state of croatia ]] was established as a [[ nazi |
| 5 | council . the very instrument that reduced serbian influence before was now used to increase it : in the eight member council , serbia could now count on four votes minimum | – | — | serbia proper , then - loyal montenegro , and vojvodina and kosovo . as a result of these events , the [[ albanian people | ethnic albanian ]] miners in [[ | |
| 13 | civilian life by the yugoslav peoples army – houses , a church , civilian airport was bombarded and civilian hangar and airliners inside it , truck drivers on the road ljubljana | – | — | zagreb and austrian journalists on ljubljana airport were killed . ceasefire was agreed upon . according to the [[ brioni agreement ]] , recognized by representatives of all republics , the | |
| 398065480 | 0 | in [[ kosovo ]] organized strikes , which dovetailed into ethnic conflict between the albanians and the non - albanians in the province . at around 80 % of the [[ | demographic history | demographics | of kosovo # 1968 - 1989 : autonomy | population of kosovo in the 1980s ]] , ethnic - albanians were the majority . the number of [[ slavs ]] in |
| 405575792 | 2 | in the rest of europe ) , coined from slavic words " jug " ( south ) and " slaveni " ( slavs ) . in 1929 it was formally renamed | to | the | " kingdom of yugoslavia " . = = kingdom of yugoslavia = = {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia }} [[ file : flag of the kingdom of yugoslavia . svg |
| 429241423 | 1 | [[ sr montenegro ]] , [[ sr slovenia ]] and [[ sr serbia ]] ( including the [[ autonomy | autonomous ]] provinces of [[ sap vojvodina ]] and [[ sap | kosovo | | kosovo ]] which after 1974 were largely equal to the other members of the federation < ref > {{ cite book | last = huntington | first = samuel p . | |
| 441313646 | 10 | as part of [[ serbia ]] and [[ slovenia ]] , while other parts of the country were occupied by [[ bulgaria ]] , hungary , and italy . from 1941 | - | – | 45 , the croatian [[ ustaše ]] regime murdered around 500 , 000 people , 250 , 000 were expelled , and another 200 , 000 were forced to convert to |
| 18 | council . the very instrument that reduced serbian influence before was now used to increase it : in the eight member council , serbia could now count on four votes minimum | — | – | serbia proper , then - loyal montenegro , and vojvodina and kosovo . as a result of these events , the [[ albanian people | ethnic albanian ]] miners in [[ | |
| 26 | civilian life by the yugoslav peoples army — houses , a church , civilian airport was bombarded and civilian hangar and airliners inside it , truck drivers on the road ljubljana | — | – | zagreb and austrian journalists on ljubljana airport were killed . ceasefire was agreed upon . according to the [[ brioni agreement ]] , recognized by representatives of all republics , the | |
| 468701811 | 16 | png | 300px | thumb | right | states and entities on the former territory of yugoslavia , 2008 . ]] = = = new states = = = countries created | from | after | the former yugoslavia : { | class = " wikitable " ! < center > ' ' ' [[ list of countries | name ]] ' ' ' < / center |
| 33 | kosovo ' s independence was not illegal . < ref > {{ cite web | url = http : / / www . bbc . co . uk / news / | world - europe - 10730573 | title | blogentry . aspx ? blogentryref | = kosovo independence not illegal , says un court | date = 22 july 2010 | publisher = bbc news | accessdate = 23 july 2010 }} < / ref > | |
| 484993842 | 0 | = [[ file : former yugoslavia 2008 . png | 300px | thumb | right | states and entities on the former territory of yugoslavia , 2008 . ]] current countries | created after | that emerged from | the collapse of yugoslavia in former yugoslavia : { | class = " wikitable " ! < center > ' ' ' name ' ' ' < / center > ! |
| 493354776 | 1 | . starting in 1991 , the sfry disintegrated in the [[ yugoslav wars ]] which followed the [[ secession ]] of most of the country ' s constituent entities . the | next | third | yugoslavia , known as the federal republic of yugoslavia , existed until 2003 , when it was renamed [[ serbia and montenegro ]] . = = background = = {{ main |
| 7 | november 1995 , [[ dayton agreement ]] is signed by leaders of fr yugoslavia , bosnia and herzegovina and croatia = = federal republic of yugoslavia = = main article : | [[ serbia and montenegro | ]] as yugoslavia began to dissolve and the subsequent [[ yugoslav wars | wars ]] raged through croatia and bosnia , the republics of serbia and montenegro , which remained relatively | ||
| 496174460 | 14 | yugoslavia . svg | thumb | right | flag of socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] [[ file : sfryugoslavianumbered . png | thumb | 250px | right | republics and | autonomous | provinces of yugoslavia ]] on 29 november 1945 , while still in exile , [[ king of yugoslavia | king ]] [[ peter ii of yugoslavia | peter ii ]] was | |
| 507481081 | 2 | yugoslavias : state - building and legitimation , 1918 – 2003 ' ' . bloomington : indiana university press , 2006 * roberts , walter r | walter r roberts : | < http : / / en . wikipedia . org / wiki / walter _ r _ roberts > " | ' ' | tito , mihailovic , and the allies : 1941 – 1945 " . duke university press , 1987 ; isbn 0 - 8223 - 0773 - 1 * sacco , joe |
| 525390790 | 1 | sid = 21100853300901 < / ref > = = = yugosphere = = = the ' ' yugosphere ' ' is a term used to describe the present day physical areas | which | that | formed yugoslavia , as well as culture and influence . {{ clarify | reason = what sort of influence ? what of / from ? | date = june 2012 }} |
| 542256959 | 6 | november 2000 . < ref name = " ebrd country promotion programme " / > from 1992 to 2000 , some countries , including the united states , referred to the | federal republic of yugoslavia | fry | as " serbia and montenegro " . < ref name = " serbia and montenegro " / > the state was finally officially renamed [[ serbia and montenegro ]] in 2003 |
| 563180646 | 9 | an attempt to get them to declare a [[ state of emergency ]] which would allow for the army to take control of the country . the army was seen as | a | an arm of the | serbian service by that time so the consequence feared by the other republics was to be total serbian domination of the union . the representatives of [[ serbia ]] , montenegro |
| 19 | civilian life by the yugoslav peoples army – houses , a church , civilian airport was bombarded and civilian hangar and airliners inside it , truck drivers on the road ljubljana | – | to | zagreb and austrian journalists on ljubljana airport were killed . ceasefire was agreed upon . according to the [[ brioni agreement ]] , recognized by representatives of all republics , the | |
| 563181056 | 4 | – march 1992 the government held a national referendum on bosnian independence from yugoslavia . that referendum was in turn declared contrary to the bih and federal constitution by the federal | constitution | constitutional | court in belgrade and the newly established bosnian serb government . the referendum was largely boycotted by the bosnian serbs . the federal court in belgrade did not decide on the |
| 568473261 | 5 | favoured yugoslav unity . serbs in croatia would not accept a status of a national minority in a sovereign croatia , since they would be demoted from a constituent nation of | croatia and this would consequently diminish their rights | the entirety of yugoslavia | . = = yugoslav wars = = {{ main | yugoslav wars }} the war broke out when the new regimes tried to replace yugoslav civilian and military forces with secessionist |
| 578523219 | 0 | in 1946 , when a communist government was established . in 1963 , it was renamed again to the [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( sfry ) . this | was | became | the largest yugoslav state , as [[ istria ]] , [[ rijeka ]] , and [[ zadar ]] were added to the new yugoslavia after the end of world war ii |
| 578690791 | 7 | before 3 october 1929 was known as the ' ' kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ' ' , was established on 1 december 1918 by the union of the | provisional | [[ state of slovenes , croats and serbs ]] and the [[ kingdom of serbia ]] ( which had annexed the [[ kingdom of montenegro ]] on 13 november ) . | |
| 580282779 | 0 | independence referendum , 2006 | may 2006 referendum ]] . after montenegrin independence , the state previously known as ' ' serbia and montenegro ' ' became known as the [[ | republic | legal successor ]] | of serbia ]] . in february 2008 , the [[ republic of kosovo ]] declared independence from serbia , leading to [[ international recognition of kosovo | an ongoing dispute on |
| 2 | serbia and montenegro as no longer existent . after montenegro ' s independence , the state previously known as ' ' serbia and montenegro ' ' became known as the [[ | republic | legal successor ]] | of serbia ]] . in february 2008 , the [[ republic of kosovo ]] declared independence from serbia , leading to an ongoing dispute on whether kosovo is a legally recognized | |
| 606952320 | 6 | / family / index . htm < / ref > the country was named after [[ south slavs | south slavic peoples ]] as their first union ever , after centuries | - long rules | in which the territories had been part | of the [[ ottoman empire ]] and [[ austria - hungary ]] on these territories . renamed [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] on 3 october 1929 , it was [[ invasion |
| 610972401 | 4 | former [[ austro - hungarian empire ]] ) with the formerly independent [[ kingdom of serbia ]] and [[ kingdom of montenegro ]] . the serbian royal [[ house of karađorđević | dynasty | ]] became the yugoslav royal dynasty . yugoslavia gained international recognition on 13 july 1922 at the [[ conference of ambassadors ]] in paris . < ref > http : / | |
| 616725067 | 4 | josip broz tito was seen as a national hero by the citizens and was elected by referendum to lead the new independent communist state , starting as a prime minister . | {{ citation needed | date = november 2013 }} | he had the support of moscow and london and led by far the strongest partisan force . < ref > michael lees , ' ' the rape of serbia : the british role in tito ' s grab for power , 1943 - 1944 ' ' ( 1990 ) . < / ref > | the official yugoslav post - war estimate of [[ world war ii casualties | victims ]] in yugoslavia during world war ii is 1 , 704 , 000 . subsequent data |
| 616888308 | 11 | these uprisings were more or less discretely backed up by the serbian dominated federal army ( jna ) . the serbs proclaimed the emergence of serbian autonomous areas ( known later | as | united into the | [[ republic of serb krajina ]] ) in croatia . the federal army tried to disarm the territorial defence forces of slovenia ( republics had their local defence forces similar to |
| 622094862 | 1 | treaties signed after world war i , and the soviets were determined to regain their positions in europe and pursue a more active international policy . alexander attempted to create a | centralized | centralised | yugoslavia . he decided to abolish yugoslavia ' s historic regions , and new internal boundaries were drawn for provinces or banovinas . the banovinas were named after rivers . many |
| 27 | ongoing dispute on whether kosovo is a legally recognized state . however , numerous countries , including the united states and various members of the [[ european union ]] , have | recognized | recognised | kosovo as an independent nation . = = = yugosphere = = = in 2009 , ' ' [[ the economist ]] ' ' coined the term ' ' yugosphere ' | |
| 686837499 | 1 | , such as [[ edvard kardelj ]] or [[ stane dolanc ]] , were more important than the prime minister . first cracks in the tightly governed system surfaced when students | of the [[ university of | in | belgrade ]] and several other cities joined the worldwide [[ protests of 1968 ]] . president josip broz tito gradually stopped the protests by giving in to some of the students |
| 768996113 | 5 | pp - move - indef }} {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} [[ file : yugoslavia location map . svg | thumb | right | 300px | | leader2 = [[ josip broz tito ]] | leader3 = [[ stjepan mesić ]] {{ small | ( last ) }} | year _ leader1 = 1945 – 1953 | year _ leader2 = 1953 – 1980 | year _ leader3 = 1991 | | title _ representative = [[ prime minister of yugoslavia | prime minister ]] | representative1 = [[ josip broz tito ]] {{ small | ( first ) }} | representative2 = [[ ante marković ]] {{ small | ( last ) }} | year _ representative1 = 1945 – 1953 | year _ representative2 = 1989 – 1991 | | title _ deputy = [[ | general location of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( {{ lang - sh | jugoslavija }} / југославија , {{ lang - sl | jugoslavija }} , | |
| 6 | - move - indef }} {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} [[ file : yugoslavia location map . svg | thumb | right | 300px | general | location | secretary of the league of communists | of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( {{ lang - sh | jugoslavija }} / југославија , {{ lang - sl | jugoslavija }} , {{ lang | |
| 772701137 | 4 | {{ small | ( last ) }} | year _ representative1 = 1945 – 1953 | year _ representative2 = 1989 – 1991 | | title _ deputy = [[ general | secretary of the league of communists | location | of yugoslavia | general secretary ]] | deputy1 = [[ josip broz tito ]] {{ small | ( first ) }} | deputy2 = [[ milan pančevski ]] {{ small | |
| 781116889 | 1 | nations | pages = 241 – 243 }} < / ref > in 2000 , milosevic was trailed for the atrocities he committed and partook in during his ten - year | ruling | rule | in serbia and the yugoslavia war . < ref name = " : 0 " / > eventually , after the [[ overthrow of slobodan milošević ]] from power as president |
| 794643300 | 1 | the army to take control of the " internationally recognised borders " , leading to the [[ ten - day war ]] . as slovenia and croatia fights towards independence , | the | & nbsp ; the | serbian and croatian forces indulged into a violent and perilous rivalry . < ref name = " : 0 " / > the [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] forces |
| 817382760 | 4 | }} {{ pp - move - indef }} {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} [[ file : yugoslavia location map . svg | thumb | right | | 300px | general location | image _ map _ caption = | latd = | latm = | latns = n | longd = | longm = | longew = e | national _ motto = | national _ anthem = | capital = [[ belgrade ]] | demonym = | common _ languages = | government _ type = [[ kingdom | of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ serbo - croatian language | serbo - croatian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] , [[ macedonian |
| 827934807 | 3 | }} {{ pp - move - indef }} {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} [[ file : yugoslavia location map . svg | thumb | right | | 300px | general location | image _ map _ caption = | latd = | latm = | latns = n | longd = | longm = | longew = e | national _ motto = | national _ anthem = | capital = [[ belgrade ]] | demonym = | common _ languages = | government _ type = [[ kingdom | of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ serbo - croatian language | serbo - croatian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] , [[ macedonian |
| 847189388 | 1 | yugoslavia | continent = europe | era = 20th century | region = southeastern europe | life _ span = 1918 – 1941 < br / > 1945 – 1992 | | status = | {{ small | {{ nobold | 1941 – 1945 : | [[ yugoslav government - in - exile | government - in - exile ]] ( 1941 – 1945 ) | p1 = kingdom of serbia | flag _ p1 = state |
| 848178566 | 1 | yugoslavia | continent = europe | era = 20th century | region = southeastern europe | life _ span = 1918 – 1941 < br / > 1945 – 1992 | | status = | {{ small | {{ nobold | 1941 – 1945 : | [[ yugoslav government - in - exile | government - in - exile ]] ( 1941 – 1945 ) | p1 = kingdom of serbia | flag _ p1 = state |
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| 64572469 | 2 | with only minimal loss of life on both sides . recently the [[ austria ]] n [[ orf ( broadcaster ) | orf tv station ]] showed [[ ten - day | _ | war # holmec _ incident | footage ]] of several young yugoslav soldiers at holmec ( border crossing with austria ) , carrying a white cloth and raising their hands in | |
| 3 | of life on both sides . recently the [[ austria ]] n [[ orf ( broadcaster ) | orf tv station ]] showed [[ ten - day _ war # holmec | _ | incident | footage ]] of several young yugoslav soldiers at holmec ( border crossing with austria ) , carrying a white cloth and raising their hands in the air , apparently | ||
| 67313073 | 4 | , croats and slovenes = = {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia }} [[ image : banovine kj . jpg | thumb | 300px | right | map showing [[ kingdom | _ | of _ yugoslavia # internal _ divisions | banovinas ]] in [[ 1929 ]] ]] = = = opposition to the new state = = = with the end of [[ | |
| 5 | and slovenes = = {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia }} [[ image : banovine kj . jpg | thumb | 300px | right | map showing [[ kingdom _ of | _ | yugoslavia # internal _ divisions | banovinas ]] in [[ 1929 ]] ]] = = = opposition to the new state = = = with the end of [[ world war | ||
| 76674084 | 1 | ]] , to the delight of the us . it was the [[ ronald reagan | reagan ]] administration which , in [[ 1984 ]] , had adopted a " shock | _ | therapy " proposal to push yugoslavia towards a capitalist restoration . this , naturally , undermined a central pillar of the state : the socialist link between the communist party and | |
| 4 | ]] [[ jeffrey sachs ]] was in yugoslavia helping the federal government under [[ ante marković ]] prepare the imf / [[ world bank group | world bank ]] " shock | _ | therapy " package , which was then introduced in [[ 1990 ]] just at the time when the crucial parliamentary elections were being held in the various republics . one aspect | ||
| 7 | then introduced in [[ 1990 ]] just at the time when the crucial parliamentary elections were being held in the various republics . one aspect of yugoslavia ' s " shock | _ | therapy " programme was both unique within the region and of great political importance in 1989 - 90 . the bankruptcy law to liquidate state enterprises was enacted in the 1989 | ||
| 10 | level of support showed how much of the yugoslav population remained strongly committed to the state ' s preservation . but marković had coupled his yugoslavism with the imf " shock | _ | therapy " programme and ec conditionality and it was this which gave the separatists in the north west and the nationalists in serbia their opening . the appeal of the separatists | ||
| 13 | the break - up of the country . they were aided by the us government ' s stance of sidelining yugoslav cohesion in favour of pushing ahead with the " shock | _ | therapy " programme . indeed , it is likely that the internal dynamics towards yugoslav collapse into civil war may have been inadvertently accelerated by the actions of the [[ george | ||
| 87596151 | 4 | , to the delight of the us . it was the [[ ronald reagan | reagan ]] administration which , in [[ 1984 ]] , had adopted a " [[ shock | _ | therapy _ ( economics ) | shock therapy ]] " proposal to push yugoslavia towards a capitalist restoration . this , naturally , undermined a central pillar of the state : | |
| 5 | the delight of the us . it was the [[ ronald reagan | reagan ]] administration which , in [[ 1984 ]] , had adopted a " [[ shock _ therapy | _ | ( economics ) | shock therapy ]] " proposal to push yugoslavia towards a capitalist restoration . this , naturally , undermined a central pillar of the state : the socialist | ||
| 6 | [[ jeffrey sachs ]] was in yugoslavia helping the federal government under [[ ante marković ]] prepare the imf / [[ world bank group | world bank ]] " [[ shock | _ | therapy _ ( economics ) | shock therapy ]] " package , which was then introduced in [[ 1990 ]] just at the time when the crucial parliamentary elections were being | ||
| 7 | sachs ]] was in yugoslavia helping the federal government under [[ ante marković ]] prepare the imf / [[ world bank group | world bank ]] " [[ shock _ therapy | _ | ( economics ) | shock therapy ]] " package , which was then introduced in [[ 1990 ]] just at the time when the crucial parliamentary elections were being held in | ||
| 8 | introduced in [[ 1990 ]] just at the time when the crucial parliamentary elections were being held in the various republics . one aspect of yugoslavia ' s " [[ shock | _ | therapy _ ( economics ) | shock therapy ]] " programme was both unique within the region and of great political importance in 1989 - 90 . the bankruptcy law to | ||
| 9 | [[ 1990 ]] just at the time when the crucial parliamentary elections were being held in the various republics . one aspect of yugoslavia ' s " [[ shock _ therapy | _ | ( economics ) | shock therapy ]] " programme was both unique within the region and of great political importance in 1989 - 90 . the bankruptcy law to liquidate state | ||
| 10 | of support showed how much of the yugoslav population remained strongly committed to the state ' s preservation . but marković had coupled his yugoslavism with the imf " [[ shock | _ | therapy _ ( economics ) | shock therapy ]] " programme and ec conditionality and it was this which gave the separatists in the north west and the nationalists in serbia | ||
| 11 | showed how much of the yugoslav population remained strongly committed to the state ' s preservation . but marković had coupled his yugoslavism with the imf " [[ shock _ therapy | _ | ( economics ) | shock therapy ]] " programme and ec conditionality and it was this which gave the separatists in the north west and the nationalists in serbia their opening | ||
| 12 | break - up of the country . they were aided by the us government ' s stance of sidelining yugoslav cohesion in favour of pushing ahead with the " [[ shock | _ | therapy _ ( economics ) | shock therapy ]] " programme . indeed , it is likely that the internal dynamics towards yugoslav collapse into civil war may have been inadvertently | ||
| 13 | up of the country . they were aided by the us government ' s stance of sidelining yugoslav cohesion in favour of pushing ahead with the " [[ shock _ therapy | _ | ( economics ) | shock therapy ]] " programme . indeed , it is likely that the internal dynamics towards yugoslav collapse into civil war may have been inadvertently accelerated by | ||
| 134919978 | 6 | [[ stjepan radić ]] {{ section - stub }} [[ image : banovine kj . jpg | thumb | 300px | right | map showing [[ kingdom of yugoslavia # internal | _ | divisions | banovinas ]] in 1929 ]] = = = king alexander ' s conquering = = = following this , [[ alexander i of yugoslavia | king alexander i ]] | |
| 221914832 | 0 | in most others it was protecting or aiding serbs with resources and even manpower in their confrontation with the new croatian army and their police force . [[ image : former | _ | yugoslavia wartime . png | 300px | thumb | right | war in former yugoslavia ]] [[ image : former yugoslavia 2008 . png | 300px | thumb | right | | |
| 1 | most others it was protecting or aiding serbs with resources and even manpower in their confrontation with the new croatian army and their police force . [[ image : former yugoslavia | _ | wartime . png | 300px | thumb | right | war in former yugoslavia ]] [[ image : former yugoslavia 2008 . png | 300px | thumb | right | countries | ||
| 2 | others it was protecting or aiding serbs with resources and even manpower in their confrontation with the new croatian army and their police force . [[ image : former yugoslavia wartime | _ 1 | . png | 300px | thumb | right | war in former yugoslavia ]] [[ image : former yugoslavia 2008 . png | 300px | thumb | right | countries of | ||
| 236538465 | 1 | croatia , since they would be demoted from a constituent nation of croatia and this would consequently diminish their rights . = = yugoslav wars = = [[ image : former | _ | yugoslavia _ wartime _ 1 . png | 250px | thumb | right | war in former yugoslavia , fronts in 1993 ]] [[ image : former yugoslavia 2008 . png | |
| 2 | since they would be demoted from a constituent nation of croatia and this would consequently diminish their rights . = = yugoslav wars = = [[ image : former _ yugoslavia | _ | wartime _ 1 . png | 250px | thumb | right | war in former yugoslavia , fronts in 1993 ]] [[ image : former yugoslavia 2008 . png | 250px | ||
| 3 | would be demoted from a constituent nation of croatia and this would consequently diminish their rights . = = yugoslav wars = = [[ image : former _ yugoslavia _ wartime | _ | 1 . png | 250px | thumb | right | war in former yugoslavia , fronts in 1993 ]] [[ image : former yugoslavia 2008 . png | 250px | thumb | ||
| 286369241 | 1 | | < center > [[ file : flag of the sr macedonia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : republic | - | _ | of - macedonia - coat - of - arms . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | 4 . [[ socialist republic of montenegro ]] | style |
| 2 | center > [[ file : flag of the sr macedonia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : republic - of | - | _ | macedonia - coat - of - arms . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | 4 . [[ socialist republic of montenegro ]] | style = " | |
| 4 | skopje ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of macedonia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : republic | - | _ | of - macedonia - coat - of - arms . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | [[ montenegro ]] | style = " font - size | |
| 5 | | < center > [[ file : flag of macedonia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : republic - of | - | _ | macedonia - coat - of - arms . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | [[ montenegro ]] | style = " font - size : 90 | |
| 288717184 | 3 | pristina ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of kosovo . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat | _ | of _ arms _ of _ kosovo . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | [[ macedonia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 | |
| 4 | | < center > [[ file : flag of kosovo . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat _ of | _ | arms _ of _ kosovo . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | [[ macedonia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; | ||
| 5 | center > [[ file : flag of kosovo . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat _ of _ arms | _ | of _ kosovo . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | [[ macedonia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | | ||
| 6 | [[ file : flag of kosovo . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat _ of _ arms _ of | _ | kosovo . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | [[ macedonia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ skopje | ||
| 341737479 | 0 | | < center > [[ file : flag of the sr macedonia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat | _ | of arms of the republic of macedonia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file | |
| 1 | < center > [[ file : flag of the sr macedonia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of | _ | arms of the republic of macedonia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : | ||
| 2 | center > [[ file : flag of the sr macedonia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms | _ | of the republic of macedonia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : sfry | ||
| 3 | > [[ file : flag of the sr macedonia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of | the republic of | _ | macedonia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : sfry macedonia . png | | |
| 342025641 | 0 | | < center > [[ file : flag of the sr macedonia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat | _ | of _ arms _ of _ macedonia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file | |
| 1 | center > [[ file : flag of the sr macedonia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat _ of | _ | arms _ of _ macedonia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : sfry | ||
| 2 | [[ file : flag of the sr macedonia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat _ of _ arms | _ | of _ macedonia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : sfry macedonia . | ||
| 3 | : flag of the sr macedonia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat _ of _ arms _ of | _ | macedonia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : sfry macedonia . png | | ||
| 394554278 | 7 | breakup = = = [[ file : breakup of yugoslavia . gif | thumb | right | 250px | breakup of [[ sfr yugoslavia ]] . ]] [[ file : slobodan | _ | milosevic . jpg | thumb | 150px | right | serbian president [[ slobodan milošević ]] ' s unequivocal desire to uphold the unity of serbs , a status threatened by | |
| 569691392 | 0 | | < center > [[ file : flag of the sr macedonia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat | _ | of arms of macedonia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | [[ socialist republic of montenegro ]] | style = " font - size : 90 | |
| 1 | < center > [[ file : flag of the sr macedonia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of | _ | arms of macedonia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | [[ socialist republic of montenegro ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % | ||
| 2 | center > [[ file : flag of the sr macedonia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms | _ | of macedonia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | [[ socialist republic of montenegro ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; | ||
| 3 | > [[ file : flag of the sr macedonia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of | _ | macedonia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | [[ socialist republic of montenegro ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | ||
| 583308010 | 2 | | < center > [[ file : flag of the sr macedonia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat | _ | of _ arms _ of _ macedonia _ ( 1946 - 2009 ) . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | [[ socialist republic of montenegro ]] | |
| 3 | center > [[ file : flag of the sr macedonia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat _ of | _ | arms _ of _ macedonia _ ( 1946 - 2009 ) . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | [[ socialist republic of montenegro ]] | style | ||
| 4 | [[ file : flag of the sr macedonia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat _ of _ arms | _ | of _ macedonia _ ( 1946 - 2009 ) . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | [[ socialist republic of montenegro ]] | style = " | ||
| 5 | : flag of the sr macedonia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat _ of _ arms _ of | _ | macedonia _ ( 1946 - 2009 ) . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | [[ socialist republic of montenegro ]] | style = " font - | ||
| 6 | of the sr macedonia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat _ of _ arms _ of _ macedonia | _ | ( 1946 - 2009 ) . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | [[ socialist republic of montenegro ]] | style = " font - size : | ||
| 588256173 | 0 | , while the regions of [[ kosovo ]] , [[ vojvodina ]] and [[ vardar macedonia ]] were parts of serbia prior to the unification ) . serbian royal [[ house | _ | of _ karadjordjevic ]] , became yugoslav royalty . it gained international recognition on 13 july 1922 at the conference of ambassadors in paris . < ref > http : / | |
| 1 | the regions of [[ kosovo ]] , [[ vojvodina ]] and [[ vardar macedonia ]] were parts of serbia prior to the unification ) . serbian royal [[ house _ of | _ | karadjordjevic ]] , became yugoslav royalty . it gained international recognition on 13 july 1922 at the conference of ambassadors in paris . < ref > http : / / www | ||
| 588371954 | 1 | the name was created by the combination of the slavic words " jug " ( south ) and " slaveni " ( slavs ) . yugoslavia was result of [[ corfu | _ | declaration ]] , as project of serbian parliament in exile and serbian royal [[ karađorđević dynasty ]] , who became yugoslav royal dynasty . = = kingdom of yugoslavia = = | |
| 595882815 | 0 | _ april _ 06 . html ] {{ dead link | date = april 2013 }} < / ref > = = world war ii = = [[ file : stjepan | _ | stevo filipovic . jpg | thumb | right | 150px | [[ yugoslav partisans | partisan ]] [[ stjepan filipović ]] shouting " death to fascism , freedom to the people | |
| 606596060 | 0 | _ april _ 06 . html ] {{ dead link | date = april 2013 }} < / ref > = = world war ii = = [[ file : stjepan | _ | stevo _ filipović . jpg | thumb | right | 150px | [[ yugoslav partisans | partisan ]] [[ stjepan filipović ]] shouting " death to fascism , freedom to the | |
| 1 | _ 06 . html ] {{ dead link | date = april 2013 }} < / ref > = = world war ii = = [[ file : stjepan _ stevo | _ | filipović . jpg | thumb | right | 150px | [[ yugoslav partisans | partisan ]] [[ stjepan filipović ]] shouting " death to fascism , freedom to the people ! |
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| 1984503 | 0 | ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' is a term casually used for three separate political entities . the first was a [[ monarchy | kingdom ]] formed in [[ 1918 ]] | under name | as the | ' ' ' kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ' ' ' , whose name changed name to the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' |
| 47892146 | 0 | of the south [[ slavs ]] ' ' ( ' ' jug ' ' in the word ' ' jugoslavija ' ' means south ) . * the first was a | jesse browne ! ! ! ! | [[ monarchy | kingdom ]] formed in [[ december 1 ]] , [[ 1918 ]] as the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ]] ' ' | |
| 47892443 | 0 | of the south [[ slavs ]] ' ' ( ' ' jug ' ' in the word ' ' jugoslavija ' ' means south ) . * the first was a | jesse browne ! ! ! ! | [[ monarchy | kingdom ]] formed in [[ december 1 ]] , [[ 1918 ]] as the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ]] ' ' | |
| 51123816 | 8 | ]] n government , on neutral ground in [[ florence ]] , [[ italy ]] , in an effort to coordinate their efforts towards building an independent state of western south | slavs . [[ lujo vojnović ]] was also present as an observer from | - slav lands under | the kingdom of [[ montenegro ]] . the new " yugoslav " cause ( from ' ' jugosloven ' ' , meaning " southern slav " ) was receiving an increasing |
| 54948957 | 0 | the croatian peasant party ( hrvatska seljačka stranka , hss ) . however , the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes was declared on 1 december 1918 in belgrade . | < big > kayla cronenbold says , " hello . " < / big > | = = kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ( first yugoslavia ) = = with the end of world war i and the downfall of austria - hungary and the | |
| 54984306 | 0 | the croatian peasant party ( hrvatska seljačka stranka , hss ) . however , the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes was declared on 1 december 1918 in belgrade . | < big > kayla cronenbold says , " hello . " < / big > < big > oh wow ! < / big > | = = kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ( first yugoslavia ) = = with the end of world war i and the downfall of austria - hungary and the | |
| 56069893 | 0 | the croatian peasant party ( hrvatska seljačka stranka , hss ) . however , the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes was declared on 1 december 1918 in belgrade . | then , after that , the yugoslavians decided to elect alyssa president . | = = kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ( first yugoslavia ) = = ' ' ' = = hi , kelsey ! = = ' ' ' with the | |
| 56070281 | 0 | the croatian peasant party ( hrvatska seljačka stranka , hss ) . however , the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes was declared on 1 december 1918 in belgrade . | then , after that , the yugoslavians decided to elect alyssa president . | = = kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ( first yugoslavia ) = = ' ' ' = = hi , kelsey ! = = ' ' ' with the | |
| 64139811 | 1 | 29 october ]] , the croatian sabor or parliament declared independence and vested its sovereignty in the new [[ state of slovenes , croats and serbs ]] . the yugoslav committee | was given the task of representing the new state abroad . however quarrels broke out immediately about the terms of the proposed union with serbia . svetozar pribićević , a croatian serb , a leader of the croatian - serbian coalition and vice - precident of the state , wanted an immediate and unconditional union . others ( non - serbs ) , who favoured a federal yugoslavia were more hesitant . they feared that serbia would simply annex the former habsburg territories . the national council ' s authority was limited and the italians were moving to take more territory than they had been alloted in an agreement with the yugoslav committee . political opinion was divided and serbian ministers said that if croats insisted on their own republic or sort of independence , then serbia would simply take areas inhabited by the serbs and already occupied by the serbian army . after much debate the national council agreed to unification with serbia , although its declaration stated that the final organization of the state should be left to the future constituent assembly . the most prominent opponent of this decision was stjepan radić , the leader of the croatian peasant party ( hrvatska seljačka stranka , hss ) . however , the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes was declared on 1 december 1918 in belgrade . | = = kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes = = {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia }} [[ image : banovine kj . jpg | thumb | 300px | right | |
| 64139985 | 0 | 29 october ]] , the croatian sabor or parliament declared independence and vested its sovereignty in the new [[ state of slovenes , croats and serbs ]] . the yugoslav committee | was given the task of representing the new state abroad . however quarrels broke out immediately about the terms of the proposed union with serbia . svetozar pribićević , a croatian serb , a leader of the croatian - serbian coalition and vice - precident of the state , wanted an immediate and unconditional union . others ( non - serbs ) , who favoured a federal yugoslavia were more hesitant . they feared that serbia would simply annex the former habsburg territories . the national council ' s authority was limited and the italians were moving to take more territory than they had been alloted in an agreement with the yugoslav committee . political opinion was divided and serbian ministers said that if croats insisted on their own republic or sort of independence , then serbia would simply take areas inhabited by the serbs and already occupied by the serbian army . after much debate the national council agreed to unification with serbia , although its declaration stated that the final organization of the state should be left to the future constituent assembly . the most prominent opponent of this decision was stjepan radić , the leader of the croatian peasant party ( hrvatska seljačka stranka , hss ) . however , the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes was declared on 1 december 1918 in belgrade . | = = kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes = = {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia }} [[ image : banovine kj . jpg | thumb | 300px | right | |
| 77742446 | 1 | the croatian peasant party ( hrvatska seljačka stranka , hss ) . however , the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes was declared on 1 december 1918 in belgrade . | ovo je srbija . u srbiju ima puno gradi ! novi sad , beograd , kragujevac , prokuplje , niš , jagodina , podgorica , subotica , zlatibor , kraljevo , valjevo , negotin , sombor , mađampek i dalje . sad više neću da pišem . . . ćaoo ! vidi mo se ! ! | = = kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes = = {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia }} [[ image : banovine kj . jpg | thumb | 300px | right | |
| 77742938 | 1 | the croatian peasant party ( hrvatska seljačka stranka , hss ) . however , the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes was declared on 1 december 1918 in belgrade . | ovo je srbija . u srbiju ima puno gradi ! novi sad , beograd , kragujevac , prokuplje , niš , jagodina , podgorica , subotica , zlatibor , kraljevo , valjevo , negotin , sombor , mađampek i dalje . sad više neću da pišem . . . ćaoo ! vidi mo se ! ! | = = kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes = = {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia }} [[ image : banovine kj . jpg | thumb | 300px | right | |
| 87450359 | 12 | and large parts of dalmatia , where relatively substantial numbers of italians lived in the coastal cities , compared to the surrounding slavs . [[ image : landsforserbia . png | | thumb | right | 300px | lands offered to serbia by the allies in 1915 . ]] although in 1915 the serbian assembly had pledged itself to work for the liberation of all [[ serbs ]] , [[ croats ]] and [[ slovenes ]] , non - serb members of the yugoslav committee became alarmed when the allies offered serbia lands that had not been reserved for italians . these included bosnia , herzegovina , slavonia , [[ bačka ]] and parts of dalmatia . croat members of the committee feared a carve - up of croat lands between serbia and italy . there were also quarrels about the designation and command of units of south slav pows in russia now being mobilised to fight with the allies . the yugoslav committee wanted them to fight in the yugoslav name , while [[ nikola pašić ]] ( prime minister of serbia ) seeing in this a " croat army " , wanted them to fight under the serbian flag . = = = corfu agreement = = = however , during june and july 1917 , the yugoslav committee met with the serbian government in corfu and on [[ 20 july ]] a declaration that laid foundation of the post - war state was issued . the preamble stated that the serbs , croats and slovenes were " the same by blood , by language , by the feelings of their unity , by the continuity and integrity of the territory which they inhabit undividedly , and by the common vital interests of their national survival and manifold development of their moral and material life " . the future state was to be called the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes and was to be constitutional monarchy under the karađorđević dynasty . = = = the unification of south slavs = = = as the habsburg empire dissolved , a national council of slovenes , croats and serbs took power in zagreb on [[ 6 october ]] [[ 1918 ]] . on [[ 29 october ]] , the croatian sabor or parliament declared independence and vested its sovereignty in the new [[ state of slovenes , croats and serbs ]] . the yugoslav committee was given the task of representing the new state abroad . however quarrels broke out immediately about the terms of the proposed union with serbia . svetozar pribićević , a croatian serb , a leader of the croatian - serbian coalition and vice - precedent of the state , wanted an immediate and unconditional union . others ( non - serbs ) , who favoured a federal yugoslavia were more hesitant . they feared that serbia would simply annex the former habsburg territories . the national council ' s authority was limited and the italians were moving to take more territory than they had been alloted in an agreement with the yugoslav committee . political opinion was divided and serbian ministers said that if croats insisted on their own republic or sort of independence , then serbia would simply take areas inhabited by the serbs and already occupied by the serbian army . after much debate the national council agreed to unification with serbia , although its declaration stated that the final organization of the state should be left to the future constituent assembly . the most prominent opponent of this decision was stjepan radić , the leader of the croatian peasant party ( hrvatska seljačka stranka , hss ) . however , the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes was declared on 1 december 1918 in belgrade . | } | = = kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes = = {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia }} [[ image : banovine kj . jpg | thumb | 300px | right |
| 87452403 | 18 | 1 , cell 2 | row 1 , cell 3 | - | row 2 , cell 1 | row 2 , cell 2 | row 2 , cell 3 | | } | thumb | right | 300px | lands offered to serbia by the allies in 1915 . ]] although in 1915 the serbian assembly had pledged itself to work for the liberation of all [[ serbs ]] , [[ croats ]] and [[ slovenes ]] , non - serb members of the yugoslav committee became alarmed when the allies offered serbia lands that had not been reserved for italians . these included bosnia , herzegovina , slavonia , [[ bačka ]] and parts of dalmatia . croat members of the committee feared a carve - up of croat lands between serbia and italy . there were also quarrels about the designation and command of units of south slav pows in russia now being mobilised to fight with the allies . the yugoslav committee wanted them to fight in the yugoslav name , while [[ nikola pašić ]] ( prime minister of serbia ) seeing in this a " croat army " , wanted them to fight under the serbian flag . = = = corfu agreement = = = however , during june and july 1917 , the yugoslav committee met with the serbian government in corfu and on [[ 20 july ]] a declaration that laid foundation of the post - war state was issued . the preamble stated that the serbs , croats and slovenes were " the same by blood , by language , by the feelings of their unity , by the continuity and integrity of the territory which they inhabit undividedly , and by the common vital interests of their national survival and manifold development of their moral and material life " . the future state was to be called the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes and was to be constitutional monarchy under the karađorđević dynasty . = = = the unification of south slavs = = = as the habsburg empire dissolved , a national council of slovenes , croats and serbs took power in zagreb on [[ 6 october ]] [[ 1918 ]] . on [[ 29 october ]] , the croatian sabor or parliament declared independence and vested its sovereignty in the new [[ state of slovenes , croats and serbs ]] . the yugoslav committee was given the task of representing the new state abroad . however quarrels broke out immediately about the terms of the proposed union with serbia . svetozar pribićević , a croatian serb , a leader of the croatian - serbian coalition and vice - precedent of the state , wanted an immediate and unconditional union . others ( non - serbs ) , who favoured a federal yugoslavia were more hesitant . they feared that serbia would simply annex the former habsburg territories . the national council ' s authority was limited and the italians were moving to take more territory than they had been alloted in an agreement with the yugoslav committee . political opinion was divided and serbian ministers said that if croats insisted on their own republic or sort of independence , then serbia would simply take areas inhabited by the serbs and already occupied by the serbian army . after much debate the national council agreed to unification with serbia , although its declaration stated that the final organization of the state should be left to the future constituent assembly . the most prominent opponent of this decision was stjepan radić , the leader of the croatian peasant party ( hrvatska seljačka stranka , hss ) . however , the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes was declared on 1 december 1918 in belgrade . | = = kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes = = {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia }} [[ image : banovine kj . jpg | thumb | 300px | right |
| 90076203 | 1 | lost freedom after centuries of occupation under the [[ austro - hungarian empire ]] and [[ ottoman empire ]] would be to unite and free themselves of tyrannies and dictatorships . | they gave it the name ilirski pokret ( illyric movement ) and gathered many prominent croatian intellectuals and politicians around the new idea , but the movement started gaining large momentum only at the end of the 19th century , mainly because of the harsh policies against any freedom movements occupied southern slavs could possibly have , practiced by both austrian and hungarian dictators . as the ottoman empire grew weaker and serbia , bulgaria and greece grew stronger after the [[ berlin congress ]] , hope for sovereignty of the south slavic peoples in the [[ habsburg empire ]] ( austria - hungary ) increased and the idea of a union between them became stronger . during the early period of the world war i ( which started in 1914 ) , a number of prominent political figures , including [[ ante trumbić ]] , [[ ivan meštrović ]] , [[ nikola stojanović ]] and others , from south slavic lands under the habsburg empire , fled to london where they began work on forming yugoslav committee and their mission was to represent the south slavs of the empire . they chose london as their headquarters . = = = the yugoslav committee = = = the [[ yugoslav committee ]] ( ' ' jugoslavenski odbor ' ' ) was officially formed on [[ april 30 ]] , [[ 1915 ]] in [[ london ]] , and it began to raise funds , especially among south slavs living in the americas . because of their stature , the members of the yugoslav committee were able to make their views known to the allied governments , which began to take them increasingly seriously , especially as the fate of [[ austro - hungarian empire ]] looked more uncertain . while the committee ' s basic aim was the unification of the habsburg south slav lands with serbia ( which was independent at the time ) , its more immediate concern was to head off italian claims in [[ istria ]] and [[ dalmatia ]] , which was a very real concern . in 1915 , the allies had lured the italians into the war with promise of substantial territorial gains in exchange . according to the secret [[ london pact ]] , these included istria and large parts of dalmatia , where relatively substantial numbers of italians lived in the coastal cities , compared to the surrounding slavs . [[ image : landsforserbia . png | thumb | right | 300px | lands offered to serbia by the allies in 1915 . ]] although in 1915 the serbian assembly had pledged itself to work for the liberation of all [[ serbs ]] , [[ croats ]] and [[ slovenes ]] , non - serb members of the yugoslav committee became alarmed when the allies offered serbia lands that had not been reserved for italians . these included bosnia , herzegovina , slavonia , [[ bačka ]] and parts of dalmatia . croat members of the committee feared a carve - up of croat lands between serbia and italy . there were also quarrels about the designation and command of units of south slav pows in russia now being mobilised to fight with the allies . the yugoslav committee wanted them to fight in the yugoslav name , while [[ nikola pašić ]] ( prime minister of serbia ) seeing in this a " croat army " , wanted them to fight under the serbian flag . = = = corfu agreement = = = however , during june and july 1917 , the yugoslav committee met with the serbian government in corfu and on [[ 20 july ]] a declaration that laid foundation of the post - war state was issued . the preamble stated that the serbs , croats and slovenes were " the same by blood , by language , by the feelings of their unity , by the continuity and integrity of the territory which they inhabit undividedly , and by the common vital interests of their national survival and manifold development of their moral and material life " . the future state was to be called the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes and was to be constitutional monarchy under the karađorđević dynasty . = = = the unification of south slavs = = = as the habsburg empire dissolved , a national council of slovenes , croats and serbs took power in zagreb on [[ 6 october ]] [[ 1918 ]] . on [[ 29 october ]] , the croatian sabor or parliament declared independence and vested its sovereignty in the new [[ state of slovenes , croats and serbs ]] . the yugoslav committee was given the task of representing the new state abroad . however quarrels broke out immediately about the terms of the proposed union with serbia . svetozar pribićević , a croatian serb , a leader of the croatian - serbian coalition and vice - precedent of the state , wanted an immediate and unconditional union . others ( non - serbs ) , who favoured a federal yugoslavia were more hesitant . they feared that serbia would simply annex the former habsburg territories . the national council ' s authority was limited and the italians were moving to take more territory than they had been allotted in an agreement with the yugoslav committee . political opinion was divided and serbian ministers said that if croats insisted on their own republic or sort of independence , then serbia would simply take areas inhabited by the serbs and already occupied by the serbian army . after much debate the national council agreed to unification with serbia , although its declaration stated that the final organization of the state should be left to the future constituent assembly . the most prominent opponent of this decision was stjepan radić , the leader of the croatian peasant party ( hrvatska seljačka stranka , hss ) . however , the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes was declared on 1 december 1918 in belgrade . | = = kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes = = {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia }} [[ image : banovine kj . jpg | thumb | 300px | right | |
| 90079596 | 1 | ]] , 2006 , montenegro and serbia respectively declared their independence , thereby ending the last remnants of the former yugoslav federation . _ _ toc _ _ jew country . | they gave it the name ilirski pokret ( illyric movement ) and gathered many prominent croatian intellectuals and politicians around the new idea , but the movement started gaining large momentum only at the end of the 19th century , mainly because of the harsh policies against any freedom movements occupied southern slavs could possibly have , practiced by both austrian and hungarian dictators . as the ottoman empire grew weaker and serbia , bulgaria and greece grew stronger after the [[ berlin congress ]] , hope for sovereignty of the south slavic peoples in the [[ habsburg empire ]] ( austria - hungary ) increased and the idea of a union between them became stronger . during the early period of the world war i ( which started in 1914 ) , a number of prominent political figures , including [[ ante trumbić ]] , [[ ivan meštrović ]] , [[ nikola stojanović ]] and others , from south slavic lands under the habsburg empire , fled to london where they began work on forming yugoslav committee and their mission was to represent the south slavs of the empire . they chose london as their headquarters . = = = the yugoslav committee = = = the [[ yugoslav committee ]] ( ' ' jugoslavenski odbor ' ' ) was officially formed on [[ april 30 ]] , [[ 1915 ]] in [[ london ]] , and it began to raise funds , especially among south slavs living in the americas . because of their stature , the members of the yugoslav committee were able to make their views known to the allied governments , which began to take them increasingly seriously , especially as the fate of [[ austro - hungarian empire ]] looked more uncertain . while the committee ' s basic aim was the unification of the habsburg south slav lands with serbia ( which was independent at the time ) , its more immediate concern was to head off italian claims in [[ istria ]] and [[ dalmatia ]] , which was a very real concern . in 1915 , the allies had lured the italians into the war with promise of substantial territorial gains in exchange . according to the secret [[ london pact ]] , these included istria and large parts of dalmatia , where relatively substantial numbers of italians lived in the coastal cities , compared to the surrounding slavs . [[ image : landsforserbia . png | thumb | right | 300px | lands offered to serbia by the allies in 1915 . ]] although in 1915 the serbian assembly had pledged itself to work for the liberation of all [[ serbs ]] , [[ croats ]] and [[ slovenes ]] , non - serb members of the yugoslav committee became alarmed when the allies offered serbia lands that had not been reserved for italians . these included bosnia , herzegovina , slavonia , [[ bačka ]] and parts of dalmatia . croat members of the committee feared a carve - up of croat lands between serbia and italy . there were also quarrels about the designation and command of units of south slav pows in russia now being mobilised to fight with the allies . the yugoslav committee wanted them to fight in the yugoslav name , while [[ nikola pašić ]] ( prime minister of serbia ) seeing in this a " croat army " , wanted them to fight under the serbian flag . = = = corfu agreement = = = however , during june and july 1917 , the yugoslav committee met with the serbian government in corfu and on [[ 20 july ]] a declaration that laid foundation of the post - war state was issued . the preamble stated that the serbs , croats and slovenes were " the same by blood , by language , by the feelings of their unity , by the continuity and integrity of the territory which they inhabit undividedly , and by the common vital interests of their national survival and manifold development of their moral and material life " . the future state was to be called the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes and was to be constitutional monarchy under the karađorđević dynasty . = = = the unification of south slavs = = = as the habsburg empire dissolved , a national council of slovenes , croats and serbs took power in zagreb on [[ 6 october ]] [[ 1918 ]] . on [[ 29 october ]] , the croatian sabor or parliament declared independence and vested its sovereignty in the new [[ state of slovenes , croats and serbs ]] . the yugoslav committee was given the task of representing the new state abroad . however quarrels broke out immediately about the terms of the proposed union with serbia . svetozar pribićević , a croatian serb , a leader of the croatian - serbian coalition and vice - precedent of the state , wanted an immediate and unconditional union . others ( non - serbs ) , who favoured a federal yugoslavia were more hesitant . they feared that serbia would simply annex the former habsburg territories . the national council ' s authority was limited and the italians were moving to take more territory than they had been allotted in an agreement with the yugoslav committee . political opinion was divided and serbian ministers said that if croats insisted on their own republic or sort of independence , then serbia would simply take areas inhabited by the serbs and already occupied by the serbian army . after much debate the national council agreed to unification with serbia , although its declaration stated that the final organization of the state should be left to the future constituent assembly . the most prominent opponent of this decision was stjepan radić , the leader of the croatian peasant party ( hrvatska seljačka stranka , hss ) . however , the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes was declared on 1 december 1918 in belgrade . | = = kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes = = {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia }} [[ image : banovine kj . jpg | thumb | 300px | right | |
| 91130890 | 0 | the croatian peasant party ( hrvatska seljačka stranka , hss ) . however , the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes was declared on 1 december 1918 in belgrade . | some fucked up shithole with two fathers | = = kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes = = {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia }} [[ image : banovine kj . jpg | thumb | 300px | right | |
| 91263846 | 0 | the croatian peasant party ( hrvatska seljačka stranka , hss ) . however , the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes was declared on 1 december 1918 in belgrade . | some fucked up shithole with two fathers | = = kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes = = {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia }} [[ image : banovine kj . jpg | thumb | 300px | right | |
| 111868810 | 1 | the former yugoslav federation . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = = = = southern slavic state = = = the first idea of a state for | all south slavs emerged in the late 17th century , a product of visionary thinking of croat writers and philosophers who believed that the only way for southern slavs to regain lost freedom after centuries of occupation under the [[ austro - hungarian empire ]] and [[ ottoman empire ]] would be to unite and free themselves of tyrannies and dictatorships . they gave it the name ilirski pokret ( illyric movement ) and gathered many prominent croatian intellectuals and politicians around the new idea , but the movement started gaining large momentum only at the end of the 19th century , mainly because of the harsh policies against freedom movements among occupied southern slavs practiced by austrian and hungarian dictators . as the ottoman empire grew weaker and serbia , bulgaria and greece grew stronger after the [[ berlin congress ]] , hope for sovereignty of the south slavic peoples in the [[ habsburg empire ]] ( austria - hungary ) increased , and the idea of a union between them gained momentum . during the early period of world war i ( which started in 1914 ) , a number of prominent political figures , including [[ ante trumbić ]] , [[ ivan meštrović ]] , [[ nikola stojanović ]] and others from south slavic lands under the habsburg empire fled to london , where they began work on forming a yugoslav committee . their mission was to represent the south slavs of the empire , and they chose london as their headquarters . = = = the yugoslav committee = = = the [[ yugoslav committee ]] ( ' ' jugoslavenski odbor ' ' ) was officially formed on [[ april 30 ]] , [[ 1915 ]] in [[ london ]] , and began to raise funds , especially among south slavs living in the americas . because of their stature , the members of the yugoslav committee were able to make their views known to the allied governments , which began to take them more seriously as the fate of [[ austro - hungarian empire ]] became more uncertain . while the committee ' s basic aim was the unification of the habsburg south slav lands with serbia ( which was independent at the time ) , its more immediate concern was to head off italian claims in [[ istria ]] and [[ dalmatia ]] . in 1915 , the allies had lured the italians into the war with a promise of substantial territorial gains in exchange . according to the secret [[ london pact ]] , these included istria and large parts of dalmatia , which had substantial numbers of italians living in the coastal cities surrounded by slavs . [[ image : landsforserbia . png | thumb | right | 300px | lands offered to serbia by the allies in 1915 ]] although in 1915 the serbian assembly had pledged itself to work for the liberation of all [[ serbs ]] , [[ croats ]] and [[ slovenes ]] , non - serb members of the yugoslav committee became alarmed when the allies offered serbia lands that had not been reserved for italians . these included bosnia , herzegovina , slavonia , [[ bačka ]] and parts of dalmatia . croat members of the committee feared a carve - up of croat lands between serbia and italy . there were also quarrels about the designation and command of units of south slav pows in russia now being mobilised to fight with the allies . the yugoslav committee wanted them to fight in the yugoslav name , while [[ nikola pašić ]] ( prime minister of serbia ) , seeing in this a " croat army " , wanted them to fight under the serbian flag . = = = corfu agreement = = = during june and july 1917 , the yugoslav committee met with the serbian government in corfu and on 20 july a declaration that laid the foundation for the post - war state was issued . the preamble stated that the serbs , croats and slovenes were " the same by blood , by language , by the feelings of their unity , by the continuity and integrity of the territory which they inhabit undividedly , and by the common vital interests of their national survival and manifold development of their moral and material life " . the future state was to be called the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes and was to be a constitutional monarchy under the [[ karađorđević ]] dynasty . = = = the unification of slovenes , croats and serbs = = = as the habsburg empire dissolved , a national council of slovenes , croats and serbs took power in zagreb on [[ 6 october ]] [[ 1918 ]] . on [[ 29 october ]] , the croatian sabor ( or parliament ) declared independence and vested its sovereignty in the new [[ state of slovenes , croats and serbs ]] . the yugoslav committee was given the task of representing the new state abroad . however , quarrels broke out immediately about the terms of the proposed union with serbia . svetozar pribićević , a croatian serb , a leader of the croatian - serbian coalition and vice - precedent of the state , wanted an immediate and unconditional union . others ( non - serbs ) , who favoured a federal yugoslavia were more hesitant . they feared that serbia would simply annex the former habsburg territories . the national council ' s authority was limited and the italians were moving to take more territory than they had been allotted in an agreement with the yugoslav committee . political opinion was divided , and serbian ministers said that if croats insisted on their own republic or sort of independence , then serbia would simply take areas inhabited by the serbs and already occupied by the serbian army . after much debate , the national council agreed to unification with serbia , although its declaration stated that the final organization of the state should be left to the future constituent assembly . the most prominent opponent of this decision was stjepan radić , the leader of the croatian peasant party ( hrvatska seljačka stranka , hss ) . the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes was declared on 1 december 1918 in belgrade . | chicks | = = kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes = = {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia }} [[ image : banovine kj . jpg | thumb | 300px | right |
| 111869190 | 1 | , montenegro and serbia respectively declared their independence , thereby ending the last remnants of the former yugoslav federation . _ _ toc _ _ silly faggit , dicks are for | chicks | all south slavs emerged in the late 17th century , a product of visionary thinking of croat writers and philosophers who believed that the only way for southern slavs to regain lost freedom after centuries of occupation under the [[ austro - hungarian empire ]] and [[ ottoman empire ]] would be to unite and free themselves of tyrannies and dictatorships . they gave it the name ilirski pokret ( illyric movement ) and gathered many prominent croatian intellectuals and politicians around the new idea , but the movement started gaining large momentum only at the end of the 19th century , mainly because of the harsh policies against freedom movements among occupied southern slavs practiced by austrian and hungarian dictators . as the ottoman empire grew weaker and serbia , bulgaria and greece grew stronger after the [[ berlin congress ]] , hope for sovereignty of the south slavic peoples in the [[ habsburg empire ]] ( austria - hungary ) increased , and the idea of a union between them gained momentum . during the early period of world war i ( which started in 1914 ) , a number of prominent political figures , including [[ ante trumbić ]] , [[ ivan meštrović ]] , [[ nikola stojanović ]] and others from south slavic lands under the habsburg empire fled to london , where they began work on forming a yugoslav committee . their mission was to represent the south slavs of the empire , and they chose london as their headquarters . = = = the yugoslav committee = = = the [[ yugoslav committee ]] ( ' ' jugoslavenski odbor ' ' ) was officially formed on [[ april 30 ]] , [[ 1915 ]] in [[ london ]] , and began to raise funds , especially among south slavs living in the americas . because of their stature , the members of the yugoslav committee were able to make their views known to the allied governments , which began to take them more seriously as the fate of [[ austro - hungarian empire ]] became more uncertain . while the committee ' s basic aim was the unification of the habsburg south slav lands with serbia ( which was independent at the time ) , its more immediate concern was to head off italian claims in [[ istria ]] and [[ dalmatia ]] . in 1915 , the allies had lured the italians into the war with a promise of substantial territorial gains in exchange . according to the secret [[ london pact ]] , these included istria and large parts of dalmatia , which had substantial numbers of italians living in the coastal cities surrounded by slavs . [[ image : landsforserbia . png | thumb | right | 300px | lands offered to serbia by the allies in 1915 ]] although in 1915 the serbian assembly had pledged itself to work for the liberation of all [[ serbs ]] , [[ croats ]] and [[ slovenes ]] , non - serb members of the yugoslav committee became alarmed when the allies offered serbia lands that had not been reserved for italians . these included bosnia , herzegovina , slavonia , [[ bačka ]] and parts of dalmatia . croat members of the committee feared a carve - up of croat lands between serbia and italy . there were also quarrels about the designation and command of units of south slav pows in russia now being mobilised to fight with the allies . the yugoslav committee wanted them to fight in the yugoslav name , while [[ nikola pašić ]] ( prime minister of serbia ) , seeing in this a " croat army " , wanted them to fight under the serbian flag . = = = corfu agreement = = = during june and july 1917 , the yugoslav committee met with the serbian government in corfu and on 20 july a declaration that laid the foundation for the post - war state was issued . the preamble stated that the serbs , croats and slovenes were " the same by blood , by language , by the feelings of their unity , by the continuity and integrity of the territory which they inhabit undividedly , and by the common vital interests of their national survival and manifold development of their moral and material life " . the future state was to be called the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes and was to be a constitutional monarchy under the [[ karađorđević ]] dynasty . = = = the unification of slovenes , croats and serbs = = = as the habsburg empire dissolved , a national council of slovenes , croats and serbs took power in zagreb on [[ 6 october ]] [[ 1918 ]] . on [[ 29 october ]] , the croatian sabor ( or parliament ) declared independence and vested its sovereignty in the new [[ state of slovenes , croats and serbs ]] . the yugoslav committee was given the task of representing the new state abroad . however , quarrels broke out immediately about the terms of the proposed union with serbia . svetozar pribićević , a croatian serb , a leader of the croatian - serbian coalition and vice - precedent of the state , wanted an immediate and unconditional union . others ( non - serbs ) , who favoured a federal yugoslavia were more hesitant . they feared that serbia would simply annex the former habsburg territories . the national council ' s authority was limited and the italians were moving to take more territory than they had been allotted in an agreement with the yugoslav committee . political opinion was divided , and serbian ministers said that if croats insisted on their own republic or sort of independence , then serbia would simply take areas inhabited by the serbs and already occupied by the serbian army . after much debate , the national council agreed to unification with serbia , although its declaration stated that the final organization of the state should be left to the future constituent assembly . the most prominent opponent of this decision was stjepan radić , the leader of the croatian peasant party ( hrvatska seljačka stranka , hss ) . the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes was declared on 1 december 1918 in belgrade . | = = kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes = = {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia }} [[ image : banovine kj . jpg | thumb | 300px | right |
| 123594617 | 1 | the [[ croatian peasant party ]] ( hrvatska seljačka stranka , hss ) . the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes was declared on 1 december 1918 in belgrade . | = = = the yugoslav committee = = = the [[ yugoslav committee ]] ( ' ' jugoslavenski odbor ' ' ) was officially formed on [[ april 30 ]] , [[ 1915 ]] in [[ london ]] , and began to raise funds , especially among south slavs living in the americas . because of their stature , the members of the yugoslav committee were able to make their views known to the allied governments , which began to take them more seriously as the fate of [[ austro - hungarian empire ]] became more uncertain . while the committee ' s basic aim was the unification of the habsburg south slav lands with serbia ( which was independent at the time ) , its more immediate concern was to head off italian claims in [[ istria ]] and [[ dalmatia ]] . in 1915 , the allies had lured the italians into the war with a promise of substantial territorial gains in exchange . according to the secret [[ london pact ]] , these included istria and large parts of dalmatia , which had substantial numbers of italians living in the coastal cities surrounded by slavs . [[ image : landsforserbia . png | thumb | right | 300px | lands offered to serbia by the allies in 1915 ]] although in 1915 the serbian assembly had pledged itself to work for the liberation of all [[ serbs ]] , [[ croats ]] and [[ slovenes ]] , non - serb members of the yugoslav committee became alarmed when the allies offered serbia lands that had not been reserved for italians . these included bosnia , herzegovina , slavonia , [[ bačka ]] and parts of dalmatia . croat members of the committee feared a carve - up of croat lands between serbia and italy . there were also quarrels about the designation and command of units of south slav pows in russia now being mobilised to fight with the allies . the yugoslav committee wanted them to fight in the yugoslav name , while [[ nikola pašić ]] ( prime minister of serbia ) , seeing in this a " croat army " , wanted them to fight under the serbian flag . = = = corfu agreement = = = during june and july 1917 , the yugoslav committee met with the serbian government in corfu and on 20 july a declaration that laid the foundation for the post - war state was issued . the preamble stated that the serbs , croats and slovenes were " the same by blood , by language , by the feelings of their unity , by the continuity and integrity of the territory which they inhabit undividedly , and by the common vital interests of their national survival and manifold development of their moral and material life " . the future state was to be called the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes and was to be a constitutional monarchy under the [[ karađorđević ]] dynasty . = = = the unification of slovenes , croats and serbs = = = as the habsburg empire dissolved , a national council of slovenes , croats and serbs took power in zagreb on [[ 6 october ]] [[ 1918 ]] . on [[ 29 october ]] , the croatian sabor ( or parliament ) declared independence and vested its sovereignty in the new [[ state of slovenes , croats and serbs ]] . the yugoslav committee was given the task of representing the new state abroad . however , quarrels broke out immediately about the terms of the proposed union with serbia . svetozar pribićević , a croatian serb , a leader of the croatian - serbian coalition and vice - precedent of the state , wanted an immediate and unconditional union . others ( non - serbs ) , who favoured a federal yugoslavia were more hesitant . they feared that serbia would simply annex the former habsburg territories . the national council ' s authority was limited and the italians were moving to take more territory than they had been allotted in an agreement with the yugoslav committee . political opinion was divided , and serbian ministers said that if croats insisted on their own republic or sort of independence , then serbia would simply take areas inhabited by the serbs and already occupied by the serbian army . after much debate , the national council agreed to unification with serbia , although its declaration stated that the final organization of the state should be left to the future constituent assembly . the most prominent opponent of this decision was stjepan radić , the leader of the [[ croatian peasant party ]] ( hrvatska seljačka stranka , hss ) . the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes was declared on 1 december 1918 in belgrade . | = = kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes = = {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia }} = = = 1918 - 1928 = = = * [[ vidovdan constitution | |
| 123603849 | 1 | the [[ croatian peasant party ]] ( hrvatska seljačka stranka , hss ) . the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes was declared on 1 december 1918 in belgrade . | = = = the yugoslav committee = = = the [[ yugoslav committee ]] ( ' ' jugoslavenski odbor ' ' ) was officially formed on [[ april 30 ]] , [[ 1915 ]] in [[ london ]] , and began to raise funds , especially among south slavs living in the americas . because of their stature , the members of the yugoslav committee were able to make their views known to the allied governments , which began to take them more seriously as the fate of [[ austro - hungarian empire ]] became more uncertain . while the committee ' s basic aim was the unification of the habsburg south slav lands with serbia ( which was independent at the time ) , its more immediate concern was to head off italian claims in [[ istria ]] and [[ dalmatia ]] . in 1915 , the allies had lured the italians into the war with a promise of substantial territorial gains in exchange . according to the secret [[ london pact ]] , these included istria and large parts of dalmatia , which had substantial numbers of italians living in the coastal cities surrounded by slavs . [[ image : landsforserbia . png | thumb | right | 300px | lands offered to serbia by the allies in 1915 ]] although in 1915 the serbian assembly had pledged itself to work for the liberation of all [[ serbs ]] , [[ croats ]] and [[ slovenes ]] , non - serb members of the yugoslav committee became alarmed when the allies offered serbia lands that had not been reserved for italians . these included bosnia , herzegovina , slavonia , [[ bačka ]] and parts of dalmatia . croat members of the committee feared a carve - up of croat lands between serbia and italy . there were also quarrels about the designation and command of units of south slav pows in russia now being mobilised to fight with the allies . the yugoslav committee wanted them to fight in the yugoslav name , while [[ nikola pašić ]] ( prime minister of serbia ) , seeing in this a " croat army " , wanted them to fight under the serbian flag . = = = corfu agreement = = = during june and july 1917 , the yugoslav committee met with the serbian government in corfu and on 20 july a declaration that laid the foundation for the post - war state was issued . the preamble stated that the serbs , croats and slovenes were " the same by blood , by language , by the feelings of their unity , by the continuity and integrity of the territory which they inhabit undividedly , and by the common vital interests of their national survival and manifold development of their moral and material life " . the future state was to be called the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes and was to be a constitutional monarchy under the [[ karađorđević ]] dynasty . = = = the unification of slovenes , croats and serbs = = = as the habsburg empire dissolved , a national council of slovenes , croats and serbs took power in zagreb on [[ 6 october ]] [[ 1918 ]] . on [[ 29 october ]] , the croatian sabor ( or parliament ) declared independence and vested its sovereignty in the new [[ state of slovenes , croats and serbs ]] . the yugoslav committee was given the task of representing the new state abroad . however , quarrels broke out immediately about the terms of the proposed union with serbia . svetozar pribićević , a croatian serb , a leader of the croatian - serbian coalition and vice - precedent of the state , wanted an immediate and unconditional union . others ( non - serbs ) , who favoured a federal yugoslavia were more hesitant . they feared that serbia would simply annex the former habsburg territories . the national council ' s authority was limited and the italians were moving to take more territory than they had been allotted in an agreement with the yugoslav committee . political opinion was divided , and serbian ministers said that if croats insisted on their own republic or sort of independence , then serbia would simply take areas inhabited by the serbs and already occupied by the serbian army . after much debate , the national council agreed to unification with serbia , although its declaration stated that the final organization of the state should be left to the future constituent assembly . the most prominent opponent of this decision was stjepan radić , the leader of the [[ croatian peasant party ]] ( hrvatska seljačka stranka , hss ) . the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes was declared on 1 december 1918 in belgrade . | = = kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes = = {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia }} = = = 1918 - 1928 = = = * [[ vidovdan constitution | |
| 150932203 | 54 | alarmed when the allies offered serbia lands that had not been reserved for italians . these included bosnia , herzegovina , slavonia , [[ bačka ]] and parts of dalmatia . | croat members of the committee feared a carve - up of croat lands between serbia and italy . there were also quarrels about the designation and command of units of south slav pows in russia now being mobilised to fight with the allies . the yugoslav committee wanted them to fight in the yugoslav name , while [[ nikola pašić ]] ( prime minister of serbia ) , seeing in this a " croat army " , wanted them to fight under the serbian flag . = = = corfu agreement = = = during june and july 1917 , the yugoslav committee met with the serbian government in corfu and on 20 july a declaration that laid the foundation for the post - war state was issued . the preamble stated that the serbs , croats and slovenes were " the same by blood , by language , by the feelings of their unity , by the continuity and integrity of the territory which they inhabit undividedly , and by the common vital interests of their national survival and manifold development of their moral and material life . " the future state was to be called the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes and was to be a constitutional monarchy under the [[ karađorđević ]] dynasty . = = = the unification of slovenes , croats and serbs = = = as the habsburg empire dissolved , a national council of slovenes , croats and serbs took power in zagreb on [[ 6 october ]] [[ 1918 ]] . on [[ 29 october ]] , the croatian sabor ( or parliament ) declared independence and vested its sovereignty in the new [[ state of slovenes , croats and serbs ]] . the yugoslav committee was given the task of representing the new state abroad . however , quarrels broke out immediately about the terms of the proposed union with serbia . svetozar pribićević , a croatian serb , a leader of the croatian - serbian coalition and vice - precedent of the state , wanted an immediate and unconditional union . others ( non - serbs ) , who favoured a federal yugoslavia were more hesitant . they feared that serbia would simply annex the former habsburg territories . the national council ' s authority was limited and the italians were moving to take more territory than they had been allotted in an agreement with the yugoslav committee . political opinion was divided , and serbian ministers said that if croats insisted on their own republic or sort of independence , then serbia would simply take areas inhabited by the serbs and already occupied by the serbian army . after much debate , the national council agreed to unification with serbia , although its declaration stated that the final organization of the state should be left to the future constituent assembly . the most prominent opponent of this decision was stjepan radić , the leader of the [[ croatian peasant party ]] ( hrvatska seljačka stranka , hss ) . the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes was declared on 1 december 1918 in belgrade . | = = kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes = = {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia }} = = = 1918 - 1928 = = = * [[ vidovdan constitution | |
| 165576243 | 2 | last remnants of the former yugoslav federation . _ _ toc _ _ shut u < gallery > image : example . jpg | caption1 image : example . jpg | | caption2 < / gallery > | south slavic peoples ]] emerged in the late 17th century and gained prominence in the 19th century [[ illyrian movement ]] but ideas for a unified state did not mature from the conceptual to practical state of planning . during the early period of [[ world war i ]] , a number of prominent political figures from south slavic lands under the [[ house of habsburg | habsburg ]] [[ austro - hungarian empire ]] fled to [[ london ]] , where they began work on forming the [[ yugoslav committee ]] to represent the south slavs of austria - hungary . these " yugoslavs " were [[ serbs ]] , [[ croats ]] , and [[ slovenes ]] who identified themselves with the movement toward a single yugoslav or south slavic state and the committee ' s basic aim was the unification of the habsburg south slav lands with the [[ kingdom of serbia ]] ( which was independent although occupied at the time ) . with the defeat of the world war i [[ central powers ]] and the collapse of the austria - hungary in late 1918 , various south slavic territories were quickly amalgamated to form the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes which was proclaimed on [[ 1 december ]] 1918 in [[ belgrade ]] . the new kingdom was made up of the formerly independent kingdoms of serbia and [[ kingdom of montenegro | montenegro ]] ( which had unified in the previous month ) , as well as a substantial amount of territory that was formerly part of [[ austria - hungary ]] , the [[ state of slovenes , croats and serbs ]] . the lands previously in austria - hungary that formed the new state included [[ croatia ]] , [[ slavonia ]] and [[ vojvodina ]] from the [[ hungary | hungarian ]] part of the empire , [[ carniola ]] , part of [[ styria ( duchy ) | styria ]] and most of [[ dalmatia ]] from the [[ cisleithania | austrian ]] part , and the crown province of [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] . | = = kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes = = {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia }} = = = 1918 - 1928 = = = * [[ vidovdan constitution |
| 187238092 | 0 | duchy ) | styria ]] and most of [[ dalmatia ]] from the [[ cisleithania | austrian ]] part , and the crown province of [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] . | it is also home to world renowned star , natasha sarah . she is best known for her work in the oscar winning " titanic " and the comedy " grandma ' s boy . " she is an international sex symbol and is idolized by millions . | = = kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes = = {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia }} = = = 1918 - 1928 = = = * [[ vidovdan constitution | |
| 187238194 | 0 | duchy ) | styria ]] and most of [[ dalmatia ]] from the [[ cisleithania | austrian ]] part , and the crown province of [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] . | it is also home to world renowned star , natasha sarah . she is best known for her work in the oscar winning " titanic " and the comedy " grandma ' s boy . " she is an international sex symbol and is idolized by millions . | = = kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes = = {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia }} = = = 1918 - 1928 = = = * [[ vidovdan constitution | |
| 187578334 | 0 | duchy ) | styria ]] and most of [[ dalmatia ]] from the [[ cisleithania | austrian ]] part , and the crown province of [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] . | they also won many of there wars and killed me | = = kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes = = {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia }} = = = 1918 - 1928 = = = * [[ vidovdan constitution | |
| 187578358 | 0 | duchy ) | styria ]] and most of [[ dalmatia ]] from the [[ cisleithania | austrian ]] part , and the crown province of [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] . | they also won many of there wars and killed me | = = kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes = = {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia }} = = = 1918 - 1928 = = = * [[ vidovdan constitution | |
| 192255797 | 1 | ending the last remnants of the former yugoslav federation . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} the idea for a | single state for all [[ south slavs | south slavic peoples ]] emerged in the late 17th century and gained prominence in the 19th century [[ illyrian movement ]] but never came to culmination . during the early period of [[ world war i ]] , a number of prominent political figures from south slavic lands under the [[ house of habsburg | habsburg ]] [[ austro - hungarian empire ]] fled to [[ london ]] , where they began work on forming the [[ yugoslav committee ]] to represent the southern slavs of austria - hungary . these " yugoslavs " were [[ serbs ]] , [[ croats ]] , and [[ slovenes ]] who identified themselves with the movement toward a single yugoslav or south slavic state and the committee ' s basic aim was the unification of the south slav lands with the [[ kingdom of serbia ]] ( which was independent although occupied at the time ) . with the defeat of the world war i [[ central powers ]] and the collapse of the austria - hungary in late 1918 , various south slavic territories were quickly amalgamated to form the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes which was proclaimed on [[ 1 december ]] 1918 in [[ belgrade ]] . the new kingdom was made up of the formerly independent kingdoms of serbia and [[ kingdom of montenegro | montenegro ]] ( which had unified in the previous month ) , as well as a substantial amount of territory that was formerly part of [[ austria - hungary ]] , the [[ state of slovenes , croats and serbs ]] . the lands previously in austria - hungary that formed the new state included [[ croatia ]] , [[ slavonia ]] and [[ vojvodina ]] from the [[ hungary | hungarian ]] part of the empire , [[ carniola ]] , part of [[ styria ( duchy ) | styria ]] and most of [[ dalmatia ]] from the [[ cisleithania | austrian ]] part , and the crown province of [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] . | dog shit ! | = = kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes = = {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia }} = = = 1918 - 1928 = = = * [[ vidovdan constitution |
| 192255802 | 1 | independence , thereby ending the last remnants of the former yugoslav federation . _ _ toc _ _ god damn commie fucks ! eat my teets ! you smell like a | dog shit ! | single state for all [[ south slavs | south slavic peoples ]] emerged in the late 17th century and gained prominence in the 19th century [[ illyrian movement ]] but never came to culmination . during the early period of [[ world war i ]] , a number of prominent political figures from south slavic lands under the [[ house of habsburg | habsburg ]] [[ austro - hungarian empire ]] fled to [[ london ]] , where they began work on forming the [[ yugoslav committee ]] to represent the southern slavs of austria - hungary . these " yugoslavs " were [[ serbs ]] , [[ croats ]] , and [[ slovenes ]] who identified themselves with the movement toward a single yugoslav or south slavic state and the committee ' s basic aim was the unification of the south slav lands with the [[ kingdom of serbia ]] ( which was independent although occupied at the time ) . with the defeat of the world war i [[ central powers ]] and the collapse of the austria - hungary in late 1918 , various south slavic territories were quickly amalgamated to form the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes which was proclaimed on [[ 1 december ]] 1918 in [[ belgrade ]] . the new kingdom was made up of the formerly independent kingdoms of serbia and [[ kingdom of montenegro | montenegro ]] ( which had unified in the previous month ) , as well as a substantial amount of territory that was formerly part of [[ austria - hungary ]] , the [[ state of slovenes , croats and serbs ]] . the lands previously in austria - hungary that formed the new state included [[ croatia ]] , [[ slavonia ]] and [[ vojvodina ]] from the [[ hungary | hungarian ]] part of the empire , [[ carniola ]] , part of [[ styria ( duchy ) | styria ]] and most of [[ dalmatia ]] from the [[ cisleithania | austrian ]] part , and the crown province of [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] . | = = kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes = = {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia }} = = = 1918 - 1928 = = = * [[ vidovdan constitution |
| 207394847 | 0 | duchy ) | styria ]] and most of [[ dalmatia ]] from the [[ cisleithania | austrian ]] part , and the crown province of [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] . | fucking albert | = = kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes = = {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia }} = = = 1918 - 1928 = = = [[ image : jugo | |
| 207400241 | 0 | duchy ) | styria ]] and most of [[ dalmatia ]] from the [[ cisleithania | austrian ]] part , and the crown province of [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] . | fucking albert | = = kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes = = {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia }} = = = 1918 - 1928 = = = [[ image : jugo | |
| 212101317 | 0 | duchy ) | styria ]] and most of [[ dalmatia ]] from the [[ cisleithania | austrian ]] part , and the crown province of [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] . | ' ' ' ryan mulhern ia amazingg ! ' ' ' bold text ' ' ' ' ' ' | = = kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes = = {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia }} = = = 1918 - 1928 = = = [[ image : jugo | |
| 212101326 | 0 | duchy ) | styria ]] and most of [[ dalmatia ]] from the [[ cisleithania | austrian ]] part , and the crown province of [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] . | ' ' ' ryan mulhern ia amazingg ! ' ' ' bold text ' ' ' ' ' ' | = = kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes = = {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia }} = = = 1918 - 1928 = = = [[ image : jugo | |
| 212851711 | 0 | duchy ) | styria ]] and most of [[ dalmatia ]] from the [[ cisleithania | austrian ]] part , and the crown province of [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] . | austrillia | = = kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes = = {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia }} = = = 1918 - 1928 = = = [[ image : jugo | |
| 213805271 | 0 | duchy ) | styria ]] and most of [[ dalmatia ]] from the [[ cisleithania | austrian ]] part , and the crown province of [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] . | . . . . . . . . . . hey mom ! | austrillia = = kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes = = {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia }} = = = 1918 - 1928 = = = [[ image : | |
| 213807092 | 0 | duchy ) | styria ]] and most of [[ dalmatia ]] from the [[ cisleithania | austrian ]] part , and the crown province of [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] . | . . . . . . . . . . hey mom ! | austrillia = = kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes = = {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia }} = = = 1918 - 1928 = = = [[ image : | |
| 215130529 | 4 | ) | styria ]] and most of [[ dalmatia ]] from the [[ cisleithania | austrian ]] part , and the crown province of [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] . austrillia | . i love pie ! ! ! : ) | = = kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes = = {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia }} = = = 1918 - 1928 = = = [[ image : jugo | |
| 215130545 | 4 | ) | styria ]] and most of [[ dalmatia ]] from the [[ cisleithania | austrian ]] part , and the crown province of [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] . austrillia | . i love pie ! ! ! : ) | = = kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes = = {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia }} = = = 1918 - 1928 = = = [[ image : jugo | |
| 215131133 | 0 | duchy ) | styria ]] and most of [[ dalmatia ]] from the [[ cisleithania | austrian ]] part , and the crown province of [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] . | austrillia | = = kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes = = {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia }} = = = 1918 - 1928 = = = [[ image : jugo | |
| 250205625 | 1 | committee ]] to represent the southern slavs of austria - hungary . these yugoslavs were citizens who identified themselves with the movement toward a single yugoslav or south slavic state and | the committee ' s basic aim was the unification of the south slav lands with the [[ kingdom of serbia ]] ( which was independent although occupied at the time ) . with the defeat of the [[ central powers ]] in world war i and the collapse of the austro - hungarian empire , various south slavic territories were quickly grouped together to form the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes which was proclaimed on 1 december 1918 in [[ belgrade ]] . the new kingdom was made up of the formerly independent kingdoms of serbia and [[ kingdom of montenegro | montenegro ]] ( which had unified in the previous month ) , as well as a substantial amount of territory that was formerly part of [[ austria - hungary ]] , the [[ state of slovenes , croats and serbs ]] . the lands previously in austria - hungary that formed the new state included [[ croatia ]] , [[ slavonia ]] and [[ vojvodina ]] from the hungarian part of the empire , [[ carniola ]] , part of [[ styria ( duchy ) | styria ]] and most of [[ dalmatia ]] from the [[ cisleithania | austrian ]] part , and the crown province of [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] . | dead ! ! ! ! ! | = = kingdom of yugoslavia = = < gallery align = right perrow = 6 > image : flag of the kingdom of yugoslavia . svg | < center > [[ |
| 250205972 | 0 | single state for all [[ south slavs ]] emerged in the late 17th century and gained prominence in the 19th century [[ illyrian movement ]] but never came to culmination . | you are gay ! ! ! ! ! ! yugoslavia is gay and dead ! ! ! ! ! | = = kingdom of yugoslavia = = < gallery align = right perrow = 6 > image : flag of the kingdom of yugoslavia . svg | < center > [[ | |
| 256752916 | 0 | for a single state for all [[ south slavs ]] emerged in the late 17th century and gained prominence in the 19th century [[ illyrian movement ]] but never came to | culmination | culminatin | . = = kingdom of yugoslavia = = < gallery align = right perrow = 6 > image : flag of the kingdom of yugoslavia . svg | < center > |
| 256771320 | 0 | for a single state for all [[ south slavs ]] emerged in the late 17th century and gained prominence in the 19th century [[ illyrian movement ]] but never came to | culminatin | culmination | . = = kingdom of yugoslavia = = < gallery align = right perrow = 6 > image : flag of the kingdom of yugoslavia . svg | < center > |
| 259636351 | 3 | yugoslavia }} the idea for a single state for all [[ south slavs ]] emerged in the late 17th century and gained prominence in the 19th century [[ illyrian movement ]] | but never came to culmination | , that culminated in the realization of the ideal with the 1918 collapse of [[ house of habsburg | habsburg ]] [[ austria - hungary ]] at the end of [[ world war i ]] and the formation of the [[ kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ]] | . = = kingdom of yugoslavia = = < gallery align = right perrow = 6 > image : flag of the kingdom of yugoslavia . svg | < center > |
| 4 | single state for all [[ south slavs ]] emerged in the late 17th century and gained prominence in the 19th century [[ illyrian movement ]] but never came to culmination . | however , the kingdom was better known , colloquially as well as even on maps , as yugoslavia ( or jugo - slavia in the rest of europe ) ; in 1929 it was formally renamed the " kingdom of yugoslavia " . | = = kingdom of yugoslavia = = < gallery align = right perrow = 6 > image : flag of the kingdom of yugoslavia . svg | < center > [[ | ||
| 288014554 | 2 | ]] [[ sr : југославија ]] [[ sh : jugoslavija ]] [[ fi : jugoslavia ]] [[ sv : jugoslavien ]] [[ th : ยูโกสลาเวีย ]] [[ to : ʻiukosilāvia ]] | [[ tr : yugoslavya ]] | [[ uk : югославія ]] [[ vi : nam tư ]] [[ zh - classical : 南斯拉夫 ]] [[ yi : יוגאסלאוויע ]] [[ zh : 南斯拉夫 ]] | |
| 292399062 | 2 | ]] [[ sr : југославија ]] [[ sh : jugoslavija ]] [[ fi : jugoslavia ]] [[ sv : jugoslavien ]] [[ th : ยูโกสลาเวีย ]] [[ to : ʻiukosilāvia ]] | [[ tr : yugoslavya ]] | [[ uk : югославія ]] [[ vi : nam tư ]] [[ zh - classical : 南斯拉夫 ]] [[ yi : יוגאסלאוויע ]] [[ zh : 南斯拉夫 ]] | |
| 306333681 | 0 | even on maps , as yugoslavia ( or jugo - slavia in the rest of europe ) ; in 1929 it was formally renamed the " kingdom of yugoslavia " . | yugoslavia was known for it ' s highly trained ninja monkeys that fought in wwi . | = = kingdom of yugoslavia = = < gallery align = right perrow = 6 > file : flag of the kingdom of yugoslavia . svg | < center > [[ | |
| 306333727 | 0 | even on maps , as yugoslavia ( or jugo - slavia in the rest of europe ) ; in 1929 it was formally renamed the " kingdom of yugoslavia " . | yugoslavia was known for it ' s highly trained ninja monkeys that fought in wwi . | = = kingdom of yugoslavia = = < gallery align = right perrow = 6 > file : flag of the kingdom of yugoslavia . svg | < center > [[ | |
| 324698346 | 2 | as even on maps , as yugoslavia ( or jugo - slavia in the rest of europe ) ; in 1929 it was formally renamed the " kingdom of yugoslavia " | . | = = kingdom of yugoslavia = = < gallery align = right perrow = 6 > file : flag of the kingdom of yugoslavia . svg | < center > [[ | |
| 324698381 | 1 | known , colloquially as well as even on maps , as yugoslavia ( or jugo - slavia in the rest of europe ) ; in 1929 it was formally renamed " | cipplione ' s dick . | kingdom of yugoslavia | " = = kingdom of yugoslavia = = < gallery align = right perrow = 6 > file : flag of the kingdom of yugoslavia . svg | < center > |
| 2 | even on maps , as yugoslavia ( or jugo - slavia in the rest of europe ) ; in 1929 it was formally renamed " cipplione ' s dick . " | . | = = kingdom of yugoslavia = = < gallery align = right perrow = 6 > file : flag of the kingdom of yugoslavia . svg | < center > [[ | ||
| 332402019 | 0 | even on maps , as yugoslavia ( or jugo - slavia in the rest of europe ) ; in 1929 it was formally renamed the " kingdom of yugoslavia " . | a hell to the no fuk fuk fuk u | = = kingdom of yugoslavia = = < gallery align = right perrow = 6 > file : flag of the kingdom of yugoslavia . svg | < center > [[ | |
| 332402066 | 0 | even on maps , as yugoslavia ( or jugo - slavia in the rest of europe ) ; in 1929 it was formally renamed the " kingdom of yugoslavia " . | a hell to the no fuk fuk fuk u | = = kingdom of yugoslavia = = < gallery align = right perrow = 6 > file : flag of the kingdom of yugoslavia . svg | < center > [[ | |
| 337768752 | 1 | {st@rt} ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' | may refer to | ( [[ serbian language | serbian ]] , [[ croatian language | croatian ]] , [[ bosnian language | bosnian ]] , [[ montenegrin language | montenegrin ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] | : * [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ( 1918 - 1943 ) , initially known as the kingdom of serbs croats and slovenes . * [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia |
| 337769485 | 1 | {st@rt} ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' | may refer to | ( [[ serbian language | serbian ]] , [[ croatian language | croatian ]] , [[ bosnian language | bosnian ]] , [[ montenegrin language | montenegrin ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] | : * [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ( 1918 - 1943 ) , initially known as the kingdom of serbs croats and slovenes . * [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia |
| 338545828 | 1 | {st@rt} ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' | may refer to | | socialist | : * [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ( 1918 - 1943 ) , initially known as the kingdom of serbs croats and slovenes . * [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia |
| 340493519 | 0 | even on maps , as yugoslavia ( or jugo - slavia in the rest of europe ) ; in 1929 it was formally renamed the " kingdom of yugoslavia " . | also , yugoslavia is the little known homeland of jennifer ansiston . | = = kingdom of yugoslavia = = < gallery align = right perrow = 6 > file : flag of the kingdom of yugoslavia . svg | < center > [[ | |
| 340493564 | 0 | even on maps , as yugoslavia ( or jugo - slavia in the rest of europe ) ; in 1929 it was formally renamed the " kingdom of yugoslavia " . | also , yugoslavia is the little known homeland of jennifer ansiston . | = = kingdom of yugoslavia = = < gallery align = right perrow = 6 > file : flag of the kingdom of yugoslavia . svg | < center > [[ | |
| 342901682 | 0 | as even on maps , as yugoslavia ( or jugo - slavia in the rest of europe ) ; in 1929 it was formally renamed the " kingdom of yugoslavia " | . | em | = = kingdom of yugoslavia = = < gallery align = right perrow = 6 > file : flag of the kingdom of yugoslavia . svg | < center > [[ |
| 342903009 | 0 | as even on maps , as yugoslavia ( or jugo - slavia in the rest of europe ) ; in 1929 it was formally renamed the " kingdom of yugoslavia " | em | . | = = kingdom of yugoslavia = = < gallery align = right perrow = 6 > file : flag of the kingdom of yugoslavia . svg | < center > [[ |
| 349101982 | 0 | even on maps , as yugoslavia ( or jugo - slavia in the rest of europe ) ; in 1929 it was formally renamed the " kingdom of yugoslavia " . | later , in 1931 , all the residents of yugoslavia got bitten by a small terrier at the same time . then the terrier went to jail for fraud , because it turned out to be an onion in disguise . | = = kingdom of yugoslavia = = < gallery align = right perrow = 6 > file : flag of the kingdom of yugoslavia . svg | < center > [[ | |
| 349102037 | 0 | even on maps , as yugoslavia ( or jugo - slavia in the rest of europe ) ; in 1929 it was formally renamed the " kingdom of yugoslavia " . | later , in 1931 , all the residents of yugoslavia got bitten by a small terrier at the same time . then the terrier went to jail for fraud , because it turned out to be an onion in disguise . | = = kingdom of yugoslavia = = < gallery align = right perrow = 6 > file : flag of the kingdom of yugoslavia . svg | < center > [[ | |
| 379282215 | 0 | ]] [[ fi : jugoslavia ]] [[ sv : jugoslavien ]] [[ tl : yugoslabya ]] [[ ta : யுகோஸ்லாவியா ]] [[ th : ยูโกสลาเวีย ]] [[ to : ʻiukosilāvia ]] | [[ tr : yugoslavya ]] | [[ uk : югославія ]] [[ vi : nam tư ]] [[ zh - classical : 南斯拉夫 ]] [[ yi : יוגאסלאוויע ]] [[ zh : 南斯拉夫 ]] | |
| 468701811 | 37 | ' . it was established on 1 december 1918 by the union of the [[ state of slovenes , croats and serbs ]] and the [[ kingdom of serbia ]] ( | to which | the [[ kingdom of montenegro ]] was annexed on 13 november 1918 , and the conference of ambassadors in paris gave international recognition to the union on 13 july 1922 ) | |
| 495585894 | 20 | југославија ) was a country in the western part of the [[ balkans ]] during most of the 20th century which was established three times under differing forms of government . | the first country to be known by this name was | the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , which before 3 october 1929 was known as the ' ' kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ' ' . it was established | |
| 495668696 | 24 | југославија ) was a country in the western part of the [[ balkans ]] during most of the 20th century which was established three times under differing forms of government . | the first country to be known by this name was | the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , which before 3 october 1929 was known as the ' ' kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ' ' . it was established | |
| 575358692 | 1 | slovenes ' ' was established on 1 december 1918 by the union of the [[ state of slovenes , croats and serbs ]] and the [[ kingdom of serbia ]] ( | which had annexed | the [[ kingdom of montenegro ]] was annexed on 13 november 1918 , and the conference of ambassadors in paris gave international recognition to the union on 13 july 1922 ) | |
| 578690791 | 18 | ' , was established on 1 december 1918 by the union of the [[ state of slovenes , croats and serbs ]] and the [[ kingdom of serbia ]] ( which | had | annexed the [[ kingdom of montenegro ]] on 13 november ) . the conference of ambassadors in paris gave international recognition to the union on 13 july 1922 . < ref | |
| 588055722 | 1 | , croats and serbs ]] ( itself formed from territories of the former [[ austro - hungarian empire ]] ) with the formerly independent [[ kingdom of serbia ]] ( which | annexed | united | the [[ kingdom of montenegro ]] five days previously , while the regions of [[ kosovo ]] , [[ vojvodina ]] and [[ vardar macedonia ]] were parts of serbia prior |
| 588055962 | 0 | ]] of the 19th century . the name was created by the combination of the slavic words " jug " ( south ) and " slaveni " ( slavs ) . | yugoslavia was result of [[ https : / / en . wikipedia . org / wiki / corfu _ declaration ]] , as project of serbian parliament in exile and serbian royal [[ karađorđević dynasty ]] , who became yugoslav royal dynasty . | = = kingdom of yugoslavia = = {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia }} {{ multiple image | align = right | direction = vertical | width = 210 | header | |
| 607835923 | 0 | military history ' ' . santa barbara , california , usa : abc - clio , 2005 . pp . 1189 . < / ref > }} under the name of | ' | ' ' kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ' ' , by the merger of the provisional [[ state of slovenes , croats and serbs ]] ( itself formed from | |
| 687666912 | 0 | military history ' ' . santa barbara , california , usa : abc - clio , 2005 . pp . 1189 . < / ref > }} under the name of | the | ' ' ' kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ' ' ' by the merger of the provisional [[ state of slovenes , croats and serbs ]] ( itself formed | |
| 812917411 | 1 | {st@rt} {{ for2 | the 1943 - 1992 federation | [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] | the 1918 | - | – | 1941 kingdom | [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] }} {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} {{ use dmy dates | date |
| 817476234 | 0 | name = yugoslavia | native _ name = | common _ name = yugoslavia | continent = europe | region = east europe | life _ span = 1918 – 1992 | | p1 = austria - hungary | flag _ p1 = flag of austria - hungary 1869 - 1918 . svg | | p1 = state of slovenes , croats and serbs | flag _ p1 = flag of the state of slovenes , croats and serbs . svg | | p2 = kingdom of serbia | flag _ p2 = state flag of serbia ( 1882 - 1918 ) . svg | s1 = croatia | flag _ s1 = |
| 818932945 | 0 | _ name = yugoslavia | native _ name = | common _ name = yugoslavia | continent = europe | region = southeastern europe | life _ span = 1918 – | 1992 | 2003 | | p1 = kingdom of serbia | flag _ p1 = state flag of serbia ( 1882 - 1918 ) . svg | p2 = state of slovenes , croats and |
| 819799425 | 0 | _ name = yugoslavia | native _ name = | common _ name = yugoslavia | continent = europe | region = southeastern europe | life _ span = 1918 – | 2003 | 1992 | | p1 = kingdom of serbia | flag _ p1 = state flag of serbia ( 1882 - 1918 ) . svg | p2 = state of slovenes , croats and |
| 820055540 | 0 | {st@rt} {{ for2 | the 1943 – 1992 federation | [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] | the 1918 – 1941 | / 43 | kingdom | [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] }} {{ distinguish | serbia and montenegro {{ ! }} federal republic of yugoslavia }} {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} | |
| 829303811 | 0 | _ name = yugoslavia | native _ name = | common _ name = yugoslavia | continent = europe | region = southeastern europe | life _ span = 1918 – | 1992 | 2003 | | p1 = kingdom of serbia | flag _ p1 = state flag of serbia ( 1882 - 1918 ) . svg | p2 = state of slovenes , croats and |
| 829314816 | 0 | _ name = yugoslavia | native _ name = | common _ name = yugoslavia | continent = europe | region = southeastern europe | life _ span = 1918 – | 2003 | 1992 | | p1 = kingdom of serbia | flag _ p1 = state flag of serbia ( 1882 - 1918 ) . svg | p2 = state of slovenes , croats and |
| 847058705 | 1 | _ name = | common _ name = yugoslavia | continent = europe | era = 20th century | region = southeastern europe | life _ span = 1918 – 1992 | < br / > {{ nowrap | {{ small | {{ nobold | 1941 – 1945 : [[ yugoslav government - in - exile | government - in - exile ]] }} }} }} | | p1 = kingdom of serbia | flag _ p1 = state flag of serbia ( 1882 - 1918 ) . svg | p2 = kingdom of montenegro | flag _ | |
| 847115357 | 1 | < br / > {{ nowrap | {{ small | {{ nobold | 1941 – 1945 : [[ yugoslav government - in - exile | government - in - exile ]] | }} }} }} | ( 1941 – 1945 ) | | p1 = kingdom of serbia | flag _ p1 = state flag of serbia ( 1882 - 1918 ) . svg | p2 = kingdom of montenegro | flag _ |
| 847189388 | 2 | life _ span = 1918 – 1941 < br / > 1945 – 1992 | status = [[ yugoslav government - in - exile | government - in - exile ]] | ( 1941 – 1945 ) | }} }} }} | | p1 = kingdom of serbia | flag _ p1 = state flag of serbia ( 1882 - 1918 ) . svg | p2 = kingdom of montenegro | flag _ |
| 847902924 | 7 | < br / > {{ nowrap | {{ small | {{ nobold | 1941 – 1945 : [[ yugoslav government - in - exile | government - in - exile ]] | }} }} }} | | p1 = kingdom of serbia | flag _ p1 = state flag of serbia ( 1882 - 1918 ) . svg | p2 = kingdom of montenegro | flag _ | |
| 848178566 | 2 | life _ span = 1918 – 1941 < br / > 1945 – 1992 | status = [[ yugoslav government - in - exile | government - in - exile ]] | ( 1941 – 1945 ) | }} }} }} | | p1 = kingdom of serbia | flag _ p1 = state flag of serbia ( 1882 - 1918 ) . svg | p2 = kingdom of montenegro | flag _ |
| left_string | del_string | ins_string | right_string | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 186529 | 0 | monarchy ]] . after [[ world war ii ]] it became a [[ communism | communist ]] country , ( petar ii [[ karadjordjevic ]] was the last king ) under | dictator | [[ president ]] | [[ josip broz tito ]] , but unlike other eastern and central european communist countries , chose a course independent of the [[ soviet union ]] , and was not a |
| 823595 | 5 | croats and slovenes ]] and renamed kingdom of yugoslavia in [[ 1929 ]] . after [[ world war ii ]] it became a [[ communism | communist ]] country , ( | [[ | petar ii [[ karadjordjevic ]] was the last king ) under [[ president ]] [[ josip broz tito ]] , but unlike other eastern and central european communist countries , chose | |
| 9383013 | 22 | by two out of its three constitutive peoples , [[ bosniaks | bosnian muslims ]] and croats . secession of the new - formed states marked the beginning of the bloody | and gruesome | [[ yugoslav wars ]] . it started with a short war in slovenia and continued with a war in croatia in [[ 1991 ]] and in bosnia in [[ 1992 ]] | |
| 12142335 | 1 | inconclusive war with [[ history of greece | greece ]] , and before germany committed its forces to the greek campaign , it wanted to secure yugoslavia ' s support . | peter ii of yugoslavia | [[ pavle karadjordjevic | royal regent paul ]] submitted to the fascist pressure and signed the [[ tripartite treaty ]] in [[ vienna ]] on [[ march 25 ]] , [[ | |
| 13337536 | 0 | highly unpopular , particularly among non - serbs , and while on a visit to [[ marseille ]] , [[ france ]] in [[ 1934 ]] , he was assassinated by | yje ethnic [[ bulgarian ]] vlado chernozemski acting on behalf of | [[ vmro | macedonian nationalists ]] . his son and successor , [[ peter ii of yugoslavia | peter ii ]] , was a child , so power fell into the | |
| 13337668 | 0 | highly unpopular , particularly among non - serbs , and while on a visit to [[ marseille ]] , [[ france ]] in [[ 1934 ]] , he was assassinated by | the ethnic [[ bulgarian ]] vlado chernozemski acting on behalf of | [[ vmro | macedonian nationalists ]] . his son and successor , [[ peter ii of yugoslavia | peter ii ]] , was a child , so power fell into the | |
| 27670102 | 2 | the [[ albanians | ethnic albanian ]] miners in [[ kosovo ]] organized strikes which dovetailed into ethnic conflict between the albanian majority and the serbian minority in the province . | by this time , the albanians had become the largest ethnic group with over 50 % of the population . the principle slavs , mainly serbs , were fast reducing | serbian [[ communist ]] leader [[ slobodan milošević ]] , the new strong man of yugoslavia , tried to play on the revived serb nationalism , but ended up alienating all | |
| 27918903 | 0 | the population . the principle slavs , mainly serbs , were fast reducing in size and would by 1999 be as little as 10 % of the two million population . | lol | serbian [[ communist ]] leader [[ slobodan milošević ]] , the new strong man of yugoslavia , tried to play on the revived serb nationalism , but ended up alienating all | |
| 27918948 | 0 | the population . the principle slavs , mainly serbs , were fast reducing in size and would by 1999 be as little as 10 % of the two million population . | lol | porque son unos hijos de puta maricones . | serbian [[ communist ]] leader [[ slobodan milošević ]] , the new strong man of yugoslavia , tried to play on the revived serb nationalism , but ended up alienating all |
| 27918981 | 0 | the population . the principle slavs , mainly serbs , were fast reducing in size and would by 1999 be as little as 10 % of the two million population . | porque son unos hijos de puta maricones . | serbian [[ communist ]] leader [[ slobodan milošević ]] , the new strong man of yugoslavia , tried to play on the revived serb nationalism , but ended up alienating all | |
| 33738425 | 22 | decision , while croatia ( [[ stjepan mesić | stipe mesić ]] ) , slovenia ( [[ janez drnovšek ]] ) , macedonia ( [[ vasil tupurkovski ]] ) and bosnia | - hercegovina | ( [[ bogić bogićević ]] ) voted against . the tie delayed an escalation of conflicts , but not for long . following the first multi - party election results , | |
| 29 | on the decision in the [[ brioni agreement ]] , agreed upon by representatives of all republics . secession of the newly - formed states marked the beginning of the bloody | war broke out in the autumn of | [[ yugoslav wars ]] . these began with a short war in slovenia and continued with a war in croatia in 1991 . in september 1991 , the republic of macedonia | ||
| 39480979 | 0 | the constitution centralized political authority and strengthened the power of the royal government in belgrade , causing dissatisfaction among the more federally minded croat and slovene politicians . in 1928 , | [[ | [ | puniša račić ]] , an ethnic serbian nationalist leader from montenegro , shot and killed croatian peasant party leader [[ stjepan radić ]] in the parliament chambers . king [[ alexander |
| 41408709 | 0 | council . as a result , milošević in effect now controlled three of the eight votes in the presidency . [[ image : smilo . jpg | frame | left | | [[ slobodan | milošević ]] meanwhile [[ slovenia ]] , under the presidency of [[ milan kucan ]] had since 1986 been following a course of democratisation and economic liberalisation , which put it | |
| 43578475 | 0 | the constitution centralized political authority and strengthened the power of the royal government in belgrade , causing dissatisfaction among the more federally minded croat and slovene politicians . in 1928 , | [ | [[ | puniša račić ] an ethnic serbian nationalist leader from montenegro , shot and killed croatian peasant party leader [[ stjepan radić ]] in the parliament chambers . king [[ alexander i |
| 43578520 | 0 | the constitution centralized political authority and strengthened the power of the royal government in belgrade , causing dissatisfaction among the more federally minded croat and slovene politicians . in 1928 , | [[ | [[ | puniša račić ]] an ethnic serbian nationalist leader from montenegro , shot and killed croatian peasant party leader [[ stjepan radić ]] in the parliament chambers . king [[ alexander i |
| 44361382 | 10 | . josip broz tito was the most powerful person in the country , and after him there were republic and province premiers and presidents , plus communist party presidents . people | whom he did not favor varied greatly | suffered from his disfavor | . slobodan penezić krcun served under tito as chief of secret police in serbia and then after he started to complain about tito ' s politics , he was victim of |
| 20 | ranković lost all of his titles and rights after a major disagreement with tito regarding state politics . sometimes ministers in government were more important than the premier , such as | in the case of | [[ edvard kardelj ]] or [[ stane dolanc ]] . the suppression of national identities escalated with the so - called [[ croatian spring ]] of 1970 - 71 , when | ||
| 51123816 | 4 | yugoslav shaize ( as opposed to simply [[ slavic peoples | south slav ]] ) was the forming of the group of advocates of a joint country of south slavs , | by politicians from [[ croatia ]] and [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , which were then both in the [[ austria - hungary | austro - hungarian empire ]] . on [[ november 22 ]] , [[ 1914 ]] , | a number of prominent political figures ( | [[ ante trumbić ]] , [[ frano supilo ]] , [[ ivan meštrović ]] , [[ hinko hinković ]] and [[ franko potočnjak ]] from croatia and [[ nikola stojanović ]] |
| 5 | ]] . on [[ november 22 ]] , [[ 1914 ]] , [[ ante trumbić ]] , [[ frano supilo ]] , [[ ivan meštrović ]] , [[ hinko hinković ]] | and | , | [[ franko potočnjak ]] from croatia and [[ nikola stojanović ]] and [[ dušan vasiljević ]] from bosnia and herzegovina first met with [[ pavle popović ]] , a representative of | |
| 6 | 22 ]] , [[ 1914 ]] , [[ ante trumbić ]] , [[ frano supilo ]] , [[ ivan meštrović ]] , [[ hinko hinković ]] and [[ franko potočnjak ]] | from croatia and | , | [[ nikola stojanović ]] and [[ dušan vasiljević ]] from bosnia and herzegovina first met with [[ pavle popović ]] , a representative of [[ nikola pašić ]] ' s [[ | |
| 55508263 | 4 | yugoslav conscript was strangled on the tank by croatian mob . elsewhere , tensions were running high . in the same month , the [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] | [ | ( jugoslovenska narodna armija , jna ) met with the presidency of yugoslavia ( an eight member council composed of representatives from six republics and two autonomous provinces ) in an | |
| 55551088 | 7 | yugoslav conscript was strangled on the tank by croatian mob . elsewhere , tensions were running high . in the same month , the [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] | [ | ( jugoslovenska narodna armija , jna ) jugoslovanska narodna armada , jna ] met with the presidency of yugoslavia ( an eight member council composed of representatives from six republics and | |
| 63327901 | 31 | june 1921 with the help of some minor parties including the yugoslav muslim organization . shortly after the constitution was passed , old king peter died . he was succeeded by | [[ alexander i of yugoslavia | | prince aleksandar ii karađorđević . croats , as well as albanians , who were angry at the serb return to kosovo , harboured grievances against the serbs . slovenes were able | |
| 63521475 | 109 | conscript was strangled on the tank by croatian mob . elsewhere , tensions were running high . in the same month , the [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] ( | ' ' | jugoslovenska narodna armija , jna ) met with the presidency of yugoslavia ( an eight member council composed of representatives from six republics and two autonomous provinces ) in an attempt | |
| 63521843 | 0 | serbia . serbia ' s political impotence made it possible for others to exert pressure on 2 million serbs ( 20 % of total serbian population ) living outside serbia . | [[ image : smilo . jpg | thumb | slobodan milošević ]] | serbian [[ communist ]] leader [[ slobodan milošević ]] sought to restore pre - 1974 serbian sovereignty , which republics of slovenia and croatia denounced as the revival of great serbian | |
| 63522056 | 0 | possible for others to exert pressure on 2 million serbs ( 20 % of total serbian population ) living outside serbia . [[ image : smilo . jpg | thumb | | [[ | slobodan milošević ]] serbian [[ communist ]] leader [[ slobodan milošević ]] sought to restore pre - 1974 serbian sovereignty , which republics of slovenia and croatia denounced as the revival | |
| 76099571 | 0 | 6 ]] , [[ 2000 ]] . [[ image : banknoteyug . jpg | 300px | left | thumb | a [[ hyperinflation ]] bill of 50 & nbsp ; [[ | 1000000000 ( number ) | | billion ]] [[ yugoslav dinar | dinars ]] ( 1993 ) ]] on saturday , [[ march 31 ]] , [[ 2001 ]] , milošević surrendered to yugoslav security forces from | |
| 76992605 | 0 | to further alienate the non - serbs of the idea of unity . during an official visit to france in 1934 , the king was assassinated in [[ marseilles ]] by | a [[ imro ]] | an experienced | [[ vlado chernozemski | assassin ]] in the cooperation of the [[ ustaše ]] , a croatian separatist organization that pursued [[ nazi ]] policies . alexander was succeeded by his |
| 80313028 | 7 | also important were the [[ communist party of yugoslavia | communist party ]] presidents for each republic and province , and the president of central committee of the communist party . | however , in line with the vision of the government , the party was renamed into alliance , and was meant to slowly integrate back into society and disappear , being a political party . in democratic socialism there are no parties . so the communist party was to dissapear once the transition into truly democratic society , free from religion and party controlled political processes is completed , and the government is governed by people for people , not by political parties in the name of people . | josip broz tito was the most powerful person in the country , followed by republican and provincial premiers and presidents , and communist party presidents . a wide variety of people | |
| 80313856 | 19 | , important were the [[ communist party of yugoslavia | communist party ]] presidents for each republic and province , and the president of central committee of the communist party . | however , in line with the vision of the government , the party was renamed into alliance , and was meant to slowly integrate back into society and disappear , being a political party . in democratic socialism there are no parties . so the communist party was to dissapear once the transition into truly democratic society , free from religion and party controlled political processes is completed , and the government is governed by people for people , not by political parties in the name of people . | josip broz tito was the most respected person in the country , followed by republican and provincial premiers and presidents , and communist party presidents . a wide variety of people | |
| 80543661 | 5 | . also important were the [[ communist party of yugoslavia | communist party ]] presidents for each republic and province , and the president of central committee of the communist party | . | josip broz tito was the most powerful person in the country , followed by republican and provincial premiers and presidents , and communist party presidents . a wide variety of people | |
| 80546909 | 23 | development , important were the [[ communist party of yugoslavia | communist party ]] presidents for each republic and province , and the president of central committee of the communist party | . | . josip broz tito was the most powerful person in the country , followed by republican and provincial premiers and presidents , and communist party presidents . sometimes ministers in government | |
| 24 | of the communist party . josip broz tito was the most powerful person in the country , followed by republican and provincial premiers and presidents , and communist party presidents . | a wide variety of people suffered from his disfavor . slobodan penezić krcun , tito ' s chief of secret police in serbia , fell victim to a dubious traffic incident after he started to complain about tito ' s politics . the interior minister [[ aleksandar ranković ]] lost all of his titles and rights after a major disagreement with tito regarding state politics | josip broz tito was the most powerful person in the country , followed by republican and provincial premiers and presidents , and communist party presidents . sometimes ministers in government , | ||
| 82175534 | 0 | the [[ serbs | serbian ]] ruling class ; and a war - time slaughter in which the [[ nazis ]] made use of the earlier serbian oppression to use [[ | croatia | | croatian ]] [[ fascism ]] for barbarous acts against the serbs and also exploited anti - serb sentiment amongst the [[ kosovo | kosovar ]] [[ albanians ]] - and some | |
| 83629642 | 3 | supporting the old kingdom of yugoslavia joined the [[ chetniks ]] ( ' ' četnici ' ' ) , a mostly serb - composed nationalistic royalist guerilla army led by colonel | convicted war criminal | [[ draža mihajlović | dragoljub " draža " mihailović ]] . those inclined towards supporting the [[ communist party of yugoslavia | communist party ]] ( ' ' komunistička partija ' | |
| 83667331 | 9 | known for their war crimes and atrocities against non - orthodox population , croatians , muslims etc . ) , a serb - composed nationalistic fasicst royalist guerilla army led by | convicted war criminal | [[ draža mihajlović | dragoljub " draža " mihailović ]] . but very shortly after the begining of war chetniks started to collaborate with nazis . those inclined towards supporting the | |
| 86533484 | 0 | the federal presidency in september 2000 led to mass demonstrations in belgrade on october 5 and the collapse of the regime ' s authority . the opposition ' s candidate , | reformed [[ nationalist ]] | [[ vojislav koštunica ]] took office as yugoslav president on [[ october 6 ]] , [[ 2000 ]] . [[ image : banknoteyug . jpg | 300px | left | thumb | |
| 87450897 | 8 | fights in parliament , [[ puniša račić ]] , a [[ montenegrins | montenegrin ]] serb , leapt up in the chamber and shot two croats and wounded three others , | including the tomatos and celery . | including [[ stjepan radić ]] ( founder of the croatian peasant party ) , who eventually died . račić gave himself up and was convicted for the crime . = = | |
| 87452403 | 28 | montenegrins | montenegrin ]] serb , leapt up in the chamber and shot two croutons and wounded three others in this famous salad battle of 1987 . many people died , | including the tomatos and celery . | including [[ stjepan radić ]] ( founder of the croatian peasant party ) , who eventually died . račić gave himself up and was convicted for the crime . = = | |
| 92027256 | 11 | the political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years . ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( ' ' jugoslavija ' ' in [[ | south slavic languages ]] , | slovenian , croatian , bosnian , ' ' југославија ' ' ( [[ serbian language | serbian ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] [[ cyrillic ]] ) : " | |
| 93924283 | 1 | yugoslavia | ]] [[ category : former countries in the balkans ]] [[ category : former countries in europe ]] [[ ar : يوغوسلافيا ]] [[ be : югаславія ]] [[ | bs | id | : jugoslavija ]] [[ br : yougoslavia ]] [[ bg : югославия ]] [[ ca : iugoslàvia ]] [[ cs : jugoslávie ]] [[ da : jugoslavien ]] [[ de : |
| 99559260 | 0 | communist party ]] ( ' ' komunistička partija ' ' ) , and were against the king , joined the [[ partisans ( yugoslavia ) | yugoslav national liberation army ]] | ( ' ' | narodno oslobodilacka vojska ( nov ) , led by [[ josip broz tito ]] . [[ image : jasenovac6 . jpg | right | thumb | 250px | [[ jasenovac concentration | |
| 112810125 | 1 | organization of the state should be left to the future constituent assembly . the most prominent opponent of this decision was stjepan radić , the leader of the croatian peasant party | ]] | ( hrvatska seljačka stranka , hss ) . the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes was declared on 1 december 1918 in belgrade . = = kingdom of serbs , | |
| 150932203 | 22 | under the habsburg empire fled to london , where they began work on forming a yugoslav committee . their mission was to represent the south slavs of the empire , and | they chose london as their headquarters . = = = the | [[ slovenes ]] who identified themselves with the movement toward a single | yugoslav committee = = = the [[ yugoslav committee ]] ( ' ' jugoslavenski odbor ' ' ) was officially formed on [[ april 30 ]] , [[ 1915 ]] in |
| 158681853 | 1 | not for long . following the first multi - party election results , the republics of slovenia and croatia proposed transforming yugoslavia into a loose [[ confederation ]] of six republics | in the autumn of 1990 , | . by this proposal republics would have right to self - determination . | however [[ slobodan milošević | milošević ]] rejected all such proposals , arguing that like slovenes and croats , the serbs ( having in mind croatian serbs ) should also have |
| 203556024 | 5 | status of a socialist [[ autonomous province ]] within serbia along with [[ vojvodina ]] . the first country was called " country of slovenes , croats and serbs " ( | [[ serbo - croatian ]] : | država slovenaca , hrvata i srba ; serbian : држава словенаца , хрвата и срба ) . the country was established on 29 october 1918 . it lasted only for a | |
| 11 | srbov , hrvatov in slovencev ) . the country was re - named on 3 october 1929 and henceforth it would be called " kingdom of yugoslavia " ( serbian : | kraljevina jugoslavija / | краљевина југославија ; croatian , slovene : kraljevina jugoslavija ) . it was invaded on [[ 6 april ]] [[ 1941 ]] by the [[ axis powers ]] and its army | ||
| 18 | status of a socialist [[ autonomous province ]] within serbia along with [[ vojvodina ]] . the first country was called " country of slovenes , croats and serbs " ( | slovene : država slovencev , hrvatov in srbov ; | croatian : država slovenaca , hrvata i srba ; serbian : држава словенаца , хрвата и срба ) . the country was established on 29 october 1918 . it lasted only | ||
| 206751541 | 12 | ( [[ serbo - croatian ]] : kraljevina slovenaca , hrvata i srba / краљевина словенаца , хрвата и срба ; [[ slovene ]] : kraljevina slovencev , hrvatov in srbov | [[ | }} ; | macedonian ]] : кралство на србите , хрватите и словенците ) . the country was re - named on 3 october 1929 and henceforth it would be called " kingdom of |
| 23 | december 1918 it joined together with the " kingdom of serbia " ( kraljevina srbija / краљевина србија ) to form " kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes " ( | [[ | serbo - croatian ]] : kraljevina slovenaca , hrvata i srba / краљевина словенаца , хрвата и срба ; [[ slovene ]] : kraljevina slovencev , hrvatov in srbov [[ macedonian | ||
| 26 | 3 october 1929 and henceforth it would be called " kingdom of yugoslavia " ( serbo - croatian and slovene ( latin only ) : kraljevina jugoslavija / краљевина југославија ; | [[ | macedonian ]] : кралство југославија . it was invaded on [[ 6 april ]] [[ 1941 ]] by the [[ axis powers ]] and its army capitulated eleven days later . | ||
| 206802676 | 8 | autonomous province ]] within serbia along with [[ vojvodina ]] . the first country was called " country of slovenes , croats and serbs " ( {{ lang - sh | | ' ' | država slovenaca , hrvata i srba ' ' / држава словенаца , хрвата и срба ; {{ lang - sl | ' ' država slovencev , hrvatov in srbov ' ' | |
| 10 | serbs " ( {{ lang - sh | ' ' država slovenaca , hrvata i srba ' ' / држава словенаца , хрвата и срба ; {{ lang - sl | | ' ' | država slovencev , hrvatov in srbov ' ' ; {{ lang - mk | кралство на србите , хрватите и словенците }} ) . the country was established on [[ 29 | ||
| 214793779 | 1 | ( 20 % of total serbian population ) living outside serbia . [[ image : milosevic - 1 . jpg | thumb | [[ slobodan milošević ]] ]] the first serbian | [[ communist ]] | leader [[ slobodan milošević ]] sought to restore pre - 1974 serbian sovereignty . other republics , especially slovenia and croatia , denounced this move as a revival of great serbian | |
| 231807278 | 6 | ]] organized a resistance movement . those inclined towards supporting the old kingdom of yugoslavia joined the [[ yugoslav army in the fatherland ]] , also known as the chetniks , | serb royalist guerrilla army led | after the degree of chetnik - axis collaboration increased greatly . the heavily pro - serbian chetniks were lead | by [[ draža mihajlović | dragoljub " draža " mihailović ]] . those inclined towards supporting the [[ communist party of yugoslavia | communist party ]] ( ' ' komunistička partija |
| 231807528 | 1 | bosnia ]] and established the basis for post - war organization of the country , establishing a federation ( this date was celebrated as republic day after the war ) . | = = = liberation of yugoslavia = = = | the [[ yugoslav partisans ]] were able to expel the axis from serbia in 1944 and the rest of yugoslavia in 1945 . the [[ red army ]] provided limited assistance | |
| 246067912 | 2 | . ) {{ fact | date = october 2007 }} = = yugoslavia during world war ii = = [[ image : stjepan filipovic . jpg | thumb | right | | 250px | 200px | | [[ yugoslav partisans | partisan ]] fighter [[ stjepan filipović | stjepan " stevo " filipović ]] shouting " death to fascism , freedom to the people ! " ( |
| 248465338 | 0 | , were executed in these camps . < ref > http : / / en . wikipedia . org / wiki / jasenovac # victim _ counts < / ref > | the yugoslavians decide to make a platoon to free the prisoners , but they too were taken hostage . the yugoslavs then confronted the hungarians , italians , and germans in ally with turkey , estonia , jordan , and quatar . the the hungarians were eliminated completely , and the italians surrendered . the germans fled , and reterned few living p . o . ws . | = = = yugoslav people ' s liberation war = = = from the start , the yugoslav resistance forces consisted of two factions : the communist - led [[ yugoslav | |
| 248465655 | 0 | jordan , and quatar . the the hungarians were eliminated completely , and the italians surrendered . the germans fled , and reterned few living p . o . ws . | the germans were pushed out of yugoslavia . the germans were planning to invade again , but yugoslavia was too well prepared . | = = = yugoslav people ' s liberation war = = = from the start , the yugoslav resistance forces consisted of two factions : the communist - led [[ yugoslav | |
| 248476978 | 0 | , were executed in these camps . < ref > http : / / en . wikipedia . org / wiki / jasenovac # victim _ counts < / ref > | the yugoslavians decide to make a platoon to free the prisoners , but they too were taken hostage . the yugoslavs then confronted the hungarians , italians , and germans in ally with turkey , estonia , jordan , and quatar . the hungarians were eliminated completely , and the italians surrendered . the germans fled , and reterned few living p . o . ws . the germans were pushed out of yugoslavia . the germans were planning to invade again , but yugoslavia was too well prepared . | = = = yugoslav people ' s liberation war = = = from the start , the yugoslav resistance forces consisted of two factions : the communist - led [[ yugoslav | |
| 248490149 | 0 | , were executed in these camps . < ref > http : / / en . wikipedia . org / wiki / jasenovac # victim _ counts < / ref > | the yugoslavians decided to creat a platoon to free most taken men , but they were captured as well . eventually , yugoslavia created a revolt , along with jordan , quatar , and turkey and struck hungary troops . the hungarians requested help from the italians , and germans . the germans were pushed out of serbia so they could assist in this battle . the germans fled yugoslavia , the italians wrote a treaty with yugoslavia , and hungary was almost completely devestated , and in the next few years agreed in treaty . | = = = yugoslav people ' s liberation war = = = from the start , the yugoslav resistance forces consisted of two factions : the communist - led [[ yugoslav | |
| 248512978 | 0 | , were executed in these camps . < ref > http : / / en . wikipedia . org / wiki / jasenovac # victim _ counts < / ref > | the yugoslavians decided to creat a platoon to free most taken men , but they were captured as well . eventually , yugoslavia created a revolt , along with jordan , quatar , and turkey and struck hungary troops . the hungarians requested help from the italians , and germans . the germans were pushed out of serbia so they could assist in this battle . the germans fled yugoslavia , the italians wrote a treaty with yugoslavia , and hungary was almost completely devestated , and in the next few years agreed in treaty . | = = = yugoslav people ' s liberation war = = = from the start , the yugoslav resistance forces consisted of two factions : the communist - led [[ yugoslav | |
| 253174876 | 0 | یوگوسلاوی ]] [[ fr : yougoslavie ]] [[ ga : an iúgslaiv ]] [[ gl : iugoslavia - југославија ]] [[ ko : 유고슬라비아 ]] [[ hsb : juhosłowjanska ]] [[ | hr | gv | : jugoslavija ]] [[ io : yugoslavia ]] [[ id : yugoslavia ]] [[ is : júgóslavía ]] [[ it : jugoslavia ]] [[ he : יוגוסלביה ]] [[ jv : |
| 256388014 | 1 | yugoslavia . gif | thumb | right | 250px | breakup of [[ sfr yugoslavia ]] . ]] [[ image : milosevic - 1 . jpg | 200px | right | | thumb | | serbian president | [[ slobodan milošević ]] . ]] [[ image : franjotudman . jpg | 200px | right | thumb | [[ franjo tuđman ]] . ]] [[ image : alijaizetbegovic1 . jpg |
| 4 | image : milosevic - 1 . jpg | 200px | right | thumb | [[ slobodan milošević ]] . ]] [[ image : franjotudman . jpg | 200px | right | | thumb | | croatian president | [[ franjo tuđman ]] . ]] [[ image : alijaizetbegovic1 . jpg | 200px | right | thumb | [[ alija izetbegović ]] . ]] {{ main | dissolution of yugoslavia | |
| 7 | ]] [[ image : franjotudman . jpg | 200px | right | thumb | [[ franjo tuđman ]] . ]] [[ image : alijaizetbegovic1 . jpg | 200px | right | | thumb | | bosnian president | [[ alija izetbegović ]] . ]] {{ main | dissolution of yugoslavia }} after tito ' s death on 4 may 1980 , [[ ethnic group | ethnic ]] [[ stress | |
| 257953451 | 0 | of the communist party . josip broz tito was the most powerful person in the country , followed by republican and provincial premiers and presidents , and communist party presidents . | a wide variety of people suffered from his disfavor . | slobodan penezić krcun , tito ' s chief of secret police in serbia , fell victim to a dubious traffic incident after he started to complain about tito ' s politics | |
| 257954465 | 0 | serbia ' s political impotence made it possible for others to exert pressure on the 2 million serbs ( 20 % of total serbian population ) living outside serbia . serbian | [[ communist ]] | leader [[ slobodan milošević ]] sought to restore pre - 1974 serbian sovereignty . other republics , especially slovenia and croatia , denounced this move as a revival of great serbian | |
| 257962779 | 0 | of the communist party . josip broz tito was the most powerful person in the country , followed by republican and provincial premiers and presidents , and communist party presidents . | a wide variety of people suffered from his disfavor . | slobodan penezić krcun , tito ' s chief of secret police in serbia , fell victim to a dubious traffic incident after he started to complain about tito ' s politics | |
| 2 | serbia ' s political impotence made it possible for others to exert pressure on the 2 million serbs ( 20 % of total serbian population ) living outside serbia . serbian | [[ communist ]] | leader [[ slobodan milošević ]] sought to restore pre - 1974 serbian sovereignty . other republics , especially slovenia and croatia , denounced this move as a revival of great serbian | ||
| 259631121 | 1 | s regency . senior military officers were also opposed to the treaty and launched a [[ coup d ' état ]] when the king returned on march 27 . army general | [[ | dušan simović ]] seized power , arrested the vienna delegation , exiled paul , and ended the regency , giving 17 year old [[ peter ii of yugoslavia | king peter | |
| 265808955 | 0 | , were executed in these camps . < ref > http : / / en . wikipedia . org / wiki / jasenovac # victim _ counts < / ref > | wow ! | = = = yugoslav people ' s liberation war = = = {{ main | yugoslav people ' s liberation war }} from the start , the yugoslav resistance forces consisted | |
| 265810706 | 1 | , were executed in these camps . < ref > http : / / en . wikipedia . org / wiki / jasenovac # victim _ counts < / ref > | wow ! | = = = yugoslav people ' s liberation war = = = {{ main | yugoslav people ' s liberation war }} from the start , the yugoslav resistance forces consisted | |
| 267655179 | 0 | s regency . senior military officers were also opposed to the treaty and launched a [[ coup d ' état ]] when the king returned on march 27 . army general | [[ | dušan simović seized power , arrested the vienna delegation , exiled paul , and ended the regency , giving 17 year old [[ peter ii of yugoslavia | king peter ]] | |
| 288705890 | 1 | of croatia created concentration camps for anti - fascists , communists , [[ serbs ]] , [[ gypsies ]] , [[ jews ]] and [[ croats ]] opposing its ideas . | people were then eaten alive by snakes . | = = = yugoslav people ' s liberation war = = = {{ main | yugoslav people ' s liberation war }} from the start , the yugoslav resistance forces consisted | |
| 288707824 | 1 | of croatia created concentration camps for anti - fascists , communists , [[ serbs ]] , [[ gypsies ]] , [[ jews ]] and [[ croats ]] opposing its ideas . | people were then eaten alive by snakes . | = = = yugoslav people ' s liberation war = = = {{ main | yugoslav people ' s liberation war }} from the start , the yugoslav resistance forces consisted | |
| 288717184 | 2 | = = yugoslavia during world war ii = = [[ file : stjepan filipovic . jpg | thumb | right | 200px | [[ yugoslav partisans | partisan ]] fighter [[ | stjepan filipović | | stjepan filipović ]] shouting " death to fascism , freedom to the people ! " ( the partisan slogan ) shortly before his death . ]] = = = invasion of | |
| 309302913 | 0 | former receiving allied recognition only to the tehran conference ( 1943 ) , after the degree of chetnik - axis collaboration increased greatly . the heavily pro - serbian chetniks were | lead | led | by [[ draža mihajlović ]] , while the pan - yugoslav oriented partisans were led by [[ josip broz tito ]] . the partisans initiated a [[ guerrilla warfare | guerrilla |
| 318052936 | 0 | accept a status of a national minority in a sovereign croatia , since they would be demoted from a constituent nation of croatia and this would consequently diminish their rights . | josh owns this ! | = = yugoslav wars = = {{ main | yugoslav wars }} the war broke out when the new regimes tried to replace yugoslav civilian and military forces with secessionist forces | |
| 318053061 | 0 | accept a status of a national minority in a sovereign croatia , since they would be demoted from a constituent nation of croatia and this would consequently diminish their rights . | josh owns this ! | = = yugoslav wars = = {{ main | yugoslav wars }} the war broke out when the new regimes tried to replace yugoslav civilian and military forces with secessionist forces | |
| 319569174 | 0 | faction of bosniak nationalists joined the axis forces and attacked serbs while extreme serb nationalists engaged in attacks on bosniaks and croats . the ethnic violence was only ended when the | multiethnic | multi - ethnic | [[ yugoslav partisans ]] took over the country at the end of the war and banned nationalism from being publicly promoted . overall relative peace was retained under tito ' s |
| 319589909 | 2 | faction of bosniak nationalists joined the axis forces and attacked serbs while extreme serb nationalists engaged in attacks on bosniaks and croats . the ethnic violence was only ended when the | multi - ethnic | multiethnic | [[ yugoslav partisans ]] took over the country at the end of the war and banned nationalism from being publicly promoted . overall relative peace was retained under tito ' s |
| 319701637 | 0 | faction of bosniak nationalists joined the axis forces and attacked serbs while extreme serb nationalists engaged in attacks on bosniaks and croats . the ethnic violence was only ended when the | multiethnic | multi - ethnic | [[ yugoslav partisans ]] took over the country at the end of the war and banned nationalism from being publicly promoted . overall relative peace was retained under tito ' s |
| 319852932 | 2 | faction of bosniak nationalists joined the axis forces and attacked serbs while extreme serb nationalists engaged in attacks on bosniaks and croats . the ethnic violence was only ended when the | multi - ethnic | multiethnic | [[ yugoslav partisans ]] took over the country at the end of the war and banned nationalism from being publicly promoted . overall relative peace was retained under tito ' s |
| 321366997 | 0 | [[ totalitarianism | totalitarian ]] regimes and by the certainty that the order set up after world war i was losing its strongholds and its sponsors were losing their strength . | supported and pressured by [[ italian fascism | fascist italy ]] and [[ nazi germany ]] , | croatian leader [[ vladko maček ]] and his party managed the creation of the [[ banovina of croatia ]] ( autonomous region with significant internal self - government ) in 1939 | |
| 321367521 | 0 | camps for anti - fascists , communists , [[ serbs ]] , [[ bosniaks ]] , [[ gypsies ]] , [[ jews ]] and [[ croats ]] opposing its ideas . | = = = serbian pro - nazi government = = = in serbia , a new pro - nazi government was first established under the leadership of milan asimovic and later under former minister of war general milan nedic which governed until 1945 . nedic supported hitler and met with him in 1943 . this new government established even harsher racial laws than prince paul had enacted and immediately established three concentration camps for jews , gypsies and others . nedic formed his own paramilitary storm troops known as the state guard . the guard was comprised of former members of the cetniks which had existed as an all - serbian para - military police force under alexander and paul to enforce loyally from non - serbian members of the armed forces . when yugoslavia disintegrated , one faction of cetniks swore allegiance to the new serbian nazi government . another group remained under the pre - war leader kosta pecanac who openly collaborated with the germans . a third cetnik faction followed the serbian fascist dimitrije ljotic . ljotic ' s units were primarily responsible for tracking down jews , gypsies and partisans for execution or deportation to concentration camps . by august 1942 the serbian government would proudly announce that belgrade was the first city in the new order to be judenfrei or " free of jews . " only 1 , 115 of belgrade ' s twelve thousand jews would survive . ninty - five per cent of the jewish population of serbia was exterminated . | = = = yugoslav people ' s liberation war = = = {{ main | yugoslav front ( world war ii ) }} from the start , the yugoslav resistance forces | |
| 321367590 | 0 | jews . " only 1 , 115 of belgrade ' s twelve thousand jews would survive . ninty - five per cent of the jewish population of serbia was exterminated . | [ 2 ] | = = = yugoslav people ' s liberation war = = = {{ main | yugoslav front ( world war ii ) }} from the start , the yugoslav resistance forces | |
| 321368159 | 3 | [[ totalitarianism | totalitarian ]] regimes and by the certainty that the order set up after world war i was losing its strongholds and its sponsors were losing their strength . | supported and pressured by [[ italian fascism | fascist italy ]] and [[ nazi germany ]] , | croatian leader [[ vladko maček ]] and his party managed the creation of the [[ banovina of croatia ]] ( autonomous region with significant internal self - government ) in 1939 | |
| 4 | camps for anti - fascists , communists , [[ serbs ]] , [[ bosniaks ]] , [[ gypsies ]] , [[ jews ]] and [[ croats ]] opposing its ideas . | = = = serbian pro - nazi government = = = in serbia , a new pro - nazi government was first established under the leadership of milan asimovic and later under former minister of war general milan nedic which governed until 1945 . nedic supported hitler and met with him in 1943 . this new government established even harsher racial laws than prince paul had enacted and immediately established three concentration camps for jews , gypsies and others . nedic formed his own paramilitary storm troops known as the state guard . the guard was comprised of former members of the cetniks which had existed as an all - serbian para - military police force under alexander and paul to enforce loyally from non - serbian members of the armed forces . when yugoslavia disintegrated , one faction of cetniks swore allegiance to the new serbian nazi government . another group remained under the pre - war leader kosta pecanac who openly collaborated with the germans . a third cetnik faction followed the serbian fascist dimitrije ljotic . ljotic ' s units were primarily responsible for tracking down jews , gypsies and partisans for execution or deportation to concentration camps . by august 1942 the serbian government would proudly announce that belgrade was the first city in the new order to be judenfrei or " free of jews . " only 1 , 115 of belgrade ' s twelve thousand jews would survive . ninty - five per cent of the jewish population of serbia was exterminated . [ 2 ] | = = = yugoslav people ' s liberation war = = = {{ main | yugoslav front ( world war ii ) }} from the start , the yugoslav resistance forces | ||
| 321368771 | 0 | camps for anti - fascists , communists , [[ serbs ]] , [[ bosniaks ]] , [[ gypsies ]] , [[ jews ]] and [[ croats ]] opposing its ideas . | = = serbian pro - nazi government = = in serbia , a new pro - nazi government was first established under the leadership of milan asimovic and later under former minister of war general milan nedic which governed until 1945 . nedic supported hitler and met with him in 1943 . this new government established even harsher racial laws than prince paul had enacted and immediately established three concentration camps for jews , gypsies and others . nedic formed his own paramilitary storm troops known as the state guard . the guard was comprised of former members of the cetniks which had existed as an all - serbian para - military police force under alexander and paul to enforce loyally from non - serbian members of the armed forces . when yugoslavia disintegrated , one faction of cetniks swore allegiance to the new serbian nazi government . another group remained under the pre - war leader kosta pecanac who openly collaborated with the germans . a third cetnik faction followed the serbian fascist dimitrije ljotic . ljotic ' s units were primarily responsible for tracking down jews , gypsies and partisans for execution or deportation to concentration camps . by august 1942 the serbian government would proudly announce that belgrade was the first city in the new order to be judenfrei or " free of jews . " only 1 , 115 of belgrade ' s twelve thousand jews would survive . ninty - five per cent of the jewish population of serbia was exterminated . [ 2 | = = = yugoslav people ' s liberation war = = = {{ main | yugoslav front ( world war ii ) }} from the start , the yugoslav resistance forces | |
| 321372404 | 1 | camps for anti - fascists , communists , [[ serbs ]] , [[ bosniaks ]] , [[ gypsies ]] , [[ jews ]] and [[ croats ]] opposing its ideas . | = = serbian pro - nazi government = = in serbia , a new pro - nazi government was first established under the leadership of milan asimovic and later under former minister of war general milan nedic which governed until 1945 . nedic supported hitler and met with him in 1943 . this new government established even harsher racial laws than prince paul had enacted and immediately established three concentration camps for jews , gypsies and others . nedic formed his own paramilitary storm troops known as the state guard . the guard was comprised of former members of the cetniks which had existed as an all - serbian para - military police force under alexander and paul to enforce loyally from non - serbian members of the armed forces . when yugoslavia disintegrated , one faction of cetniks swore allegiance to the new serbian nazi government . another group remained under the pre - war leader kosta pecanac who openly collaborated with the germans . a third cetnik faction followed the serbian fascist dimitrije ljotic . ljotic ' s units were primarily responsible for tracking down jews , gypsies and partisans for execution or deportation to concentration camps . by august 1942 the serbian government would proudly announce that belgrade was the first city in the new order to be judenfrei or " free of jews . " only 1 , 115 of belgrade ' s twelve thousand jews would survive . ninty - five per cent of the jewish population of serbia was exterminated . [ 2 | = = = yugoslav people ' s liberation war = = = {{ main | yugoslav front ( world war ii ) }} from the start , the yugoslav resistance forces | |
| 324172760 | 0 | of the communist party . josip broz tito was the most powerful person in the country , followed by republican and provincial premiers and presidents , and communist party presidents . | a wide variety of people suffered from his disfavor . | slobodan penezić krcun , tito ' s chief of secret police in serbia , fell victim to a dubious traffic incident after he started to complain about tito ' s politics | |
| 336062233 | 8 | of croatia created concentration camps for anti - fascists , communists , [[ serbs ]] , [[ bosniaks ]] , [[ gypsies ]] , [[ jews ]] and [[ croats ]] | opposing its ideas . | | language = english | accessdate = 4 january 2010 }} < / ref > | = = = yugoslav people ' s liberation war = = = {{ main | yugoslav front ( world war ii ) }} from the start , the yugoslav resistance forces |
| 336062771 | 0 | pdf | title = croatia | publisher = shoah resource center - [[ yad vashem ]] | language = english | accessdate = 4 january 2010 }} < / ref > | ' ' see : [[ jasenovac concentration camp ]] ' ' | = = = yugoslav people ' s liberation war = = = {{ main | yugoslav front ( world war ii ) }} from the start , the yugoslav resistance forces | |
| 400599300 | 9 | _ april _ 06 . html < / ref > = = yugoslavia during world war ii = = [[ file : stjepan filipovic . jpg | thumb | right | | 200px | 150px | | [[ yugoslav partisans | partisan ]] fighter [[ stjepan filipović ]] shouting " death to fascism , freedom to the people ! " ( the partisan slogan ) shortly before |
| 10 | ref > = = yugoslavia during world war ii = = [[ file : stjepan filipovic . jpg | thumb | right | 200px | [[ yugoslav partisans | partisan ]] | fighter | , | [[ stjepan filipović ]] shouting " death to fascism , freedom to the people ! " ( the partisan slogan ) shortly before his death in 1942 . ]] = = | |
| 64 | discovered by [[ milorad b . protić ]] and named after yugoslavia . = = see also = = * [[ danube commission ]] * [[ history of the balkans ]] | * [[ history of europe ]] * [[ music of yugoslavia ]] | * [[ yugoslav wars ]] = = notes and references = = ' ' ' notes : ' ' ' { | class = " references - small " style = | ||
| 405577552 | 11 | government of the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , and the emigration loyal to the king , led to the [[ tito - šubašić agreement ]] in june 1944 , however | , | marshal [[ josip broz tito ]] was seen as a national hero by the citizens , and was elected by referendum to lead the new independent [[ communism | communist ]] | |
| 408004710 | 0 | of the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , and the emigrés loyal to the king led to the [[ tito - šubašić agreement ]] in june 1944 ; however , marshal | [[ | josip broz tito ]] was seen as a national hero by the citizens and was elected by referendum to lead the new independent [[ communism | communist ]] state , starting | |
| 408005064 | 0 | government of the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , and the emigrés loyal to the king led to the [[ tito - šubašić agreement ]] in june 1944 ; however , | [[ | marshal josip broz tito was seen as a national hero by the citizens and was elected by referendum to lead the new independent [[ communism | communist ]] state , starting | |
| 1 | of the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , and the emigrés loyal to the king led to the [[ tito - šubašić agreement ]] in june 1944 ; however , marshal | of yugoslavia | marshal ]] | josip broz tito was seen as a national hero by the citizens and was elected by referendum to lead the new independent [[ communism | communist ]] state , starting as | ||
| 412073128 | 0 | - % 205930 . pdf | title = croatia | publisher = shoah resource center - [[ yad vashem ]] | accessdate = 4 january 2010 }} < / ref > | ' ' see : [[ jasenovac concentration camp ]] ' ' | = = = yugoslav people ' s liberation war = = = {{ main | yugoslav front ( world war ii ) }} from the start , the yugoslav resistance forces | |
| 441313646 | 120 | s political impotence made it possible for others to exert pressure on the 2 million serbs ( 20 % of total serbian population ) living outside serbia . serbian [[ communist | ]] | leader [[ slobodan milošević ]] sought to restore pre - 1974 serbian sovereignty . other republics , especially slovenia and croatia , denounced this move as a revival of great serbian | |
| 482752219 | 1 | < / ref > = = world war ii = = [[ file : stjepan filipovic . jpg | thumb | right | 150px | [[ yugoslav partisans | partisan ]] | , | [[ stjepan filipović ]] shouting " death to fascism , freedom to the people ! " shortly before his execution ]] = = = invasion of yugoslavia = = = {{ | |
| 588344999 | 13 | history , bloody history | publisher = bbc news | date = 24 march 1999 | accessdate = 29 december 2010 }} < / ref > starting in 1991 , yugoslavia | disintegrated in the | | broke up ]] along republic borders , at first into five countries . | [[ yugoslav wars ]] . one of the successor states was also known as the [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( fry ) until 2003 . the fry aspired to |
| 590769471 | 0 | march 1998 ( university of washington : hmj school of international studies ) http : / / easyweb . easynet . co . uk / conversi / german . html * | [[ milovaj djilas | | djilas , milovan : ' ' land without justice ' ' , [ with ] introd . and notes by william jovanovich . new york : harcourt , brace and co | |
| 594475714 | 0 | the country leading to the first official use of ' ' yugoslavia ' ' in 1929 . = = = king alexander = = = on 20 june 1928 serb deputy | [[ | puniša račić shot at five members of the opposition croatian peasant party in the [[ parliament of yugoslavia | national assembly ]] resulting in the death of two deputies on the | |
| 597852768 | 0 | after an economical and political crisis in 1980s and rise of nationalism , yugoslavia [[ breakup of yugoslavia | broke up ]] along republic borders , at first into five countries | . | , leading to the | [[ yugoslav wars ]] ensued . after the breakup , republics of [[ serbia ]] and [[ montenegro ]] formed a reduced federation , [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( |
| 605733772 | 4 | " jug " ( south ) and " slaveni " ( slavs ) . yugoslavia was result of [[ corfu declaration ]] , as project of serbian parliament in exile and | the | serbian royal [[ karađorđević dynasty ]] , who became yugoslav royal dynasty . = = kingdom of yugoslavia = = {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia }} {{ multiple image | | |
| 605734785 | 2 | shot at five members of the opposition croatian peasant party in the [[ parliament of yugoslavia | national assembly ]] resulting in the death of two deputies on the spot and | in | that of | leader [[ stjepan radić ]] a few weeks later . {{ sfn | ramet | 2006 | p = 73 }} on 6 january 1929 [[ king of yugoslavia | king |
| 607380427 | 2 | december 2009 }} against serbs . a small faction of bosniak nationalists joined the axis forces and attacked serbs while extreme serb nationalists engaged in attacks on bosniaks and croats . | the ethnic violence was only ended {{ citation needed | date = december 2009 }} when the multiethnic | [[ yugoslav partisans ]] took over the country at the end of the war and banned nationalism from being publicly promoted . overall relative peace was retained under tito ' s | |
| 611563753 | 5 | itself formed from territories of the former [[ austro - hungarian empire ]] ) with the formerly independent [[ kingdom of serbia ]] and [[ kingdom of montenegro ]] . the | [[ serbs | | serbian ]] [[ karađorđević dynasty ]] became the yugoslav royal dynasty . yugoslavia gained international recognition on 13 july 1922 at the [[ conference of ambassadors ]] in paris . < | |
| 616890253 | 6 | and greater croatian autonomy . the regime stifled the public protest and incarcerated the leaders , but many key croatian representatives in the party silently supported this cause , so a | reorganization of the country . as a result , | new [[ 1974 yugoslav constitution | constitution ]] was ratified in 1974 that gave more rights to the individual republics in yugoslavia and provinces in serbia . = = = ethnic | |
| 8 | 150px | right | marshal [[ josip broz tito ]] ]] on 7 april 1963 , the nation changed its official name to [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] and | [[ | josip broz tito ]] was named [[ president for life ]] . in the sfry , each republic and province had its own constitution , supreme court , parliament , president | ||
| 10 | , tito ' s chief of secret police in serbia , fell victim to a dubious traffic incident after he started to complain about tito ' s politics . the interior | minister | [[ aleksandar ranković ]] lost all of his titles and rights after a major disagreement with tito regarding state politics . sometimes ministers in government , such as [[ edvard kardelj | ||
| 648135254 | 2 | in 1946 , when a communist government was established . it acquired the territories of [[ istria ]] , [[ rijeka ]] , and [[ zadar ]] from italy . leader | of the partisans | [[ josip broz tito ]] ruled the country as the president until his death in 1980 . in 1963 , the country was renamed again to the [[ socialist federal republic | |
| 679119895 | 1 | much larger scale 1950 - 53 . the american aid was not part of the marshall plan . < ref > {{ cite book | author = john r . lampe | et al . | | title = yugoslav - american economic relations since world war ii | url = http : / / books . google . com / books ? id = epmof1l0ibac & | |
| 702550312 | 44 | yugoslavia in 1946 , when a communist government was established . it acquired the territories of [[ istria ]] , [[ rijeka ]] , and [[ zadar ]] from italy . | [[ | partisan leader [[ josip broz tito ]] ruled the country as president until his death in 1980 . in 1963 , the country was renamed again as the [[ socialist federal | |
| 45 | in 1946 , when a communist government was established . it acquired the territories of [[ istria ]] , [[ rijeka ]] , and [[ zadar ]] from italy . partisan | ]] | leader [[ josip broz tito ]] ruled the country as president until his death in 1980 . in 1963 , the country was renamed again as the [[ socialist federal republic | ||
| 702550753 | 0 | [[ slavs ]] ) . [[ yugoslavia ]] was the result of the [[ corfu declaration ]] , as a project of the [[ serbian parliament ]] in exile and the | [[ | serbian royal [[ karađorđević dynasty ]] , who became the [[ yugoslav ]] royal dynasty . = = kingdom of yugoslavia = = {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia }} {{ | |
| 702589142 | 45 | [[ communist government ]] was established . it acquired the territories of [[ istria ]] , [[ rijeka ]] , and [[ zadar ]] from [[ italy ]] . [[ partisan | ]] | leader [[ josip broz tito ]] ruled the country as president until his death in [[ 1980 ]] . in [[ 1963 ]] , the country was renamed again as the | |
| 792851831 | 1 | w . treadgold papers in russian , east european and central asian studies , no . 16 , march 1998 ( university of washington : hmj school of international studies ) | ] | * [[ milovan djilas | djilas , milovan ]] : ' ' land without justice ' ' , [ with ] introd . and notes by [[ william jovanovich ]] . | |
| 797690636 | 0 | government renamed the country leading to the first official use of ' ' yugoslavia ' ' in 1929 . = = = king alexander = = = on 20 june 1928 | , | serb deputy [[ puniša račić ]] shot at five members of the opposition croatian peasant party in the [[ parliament of yugoslavia | national assembly ]] resulting in the death of | |
| 817773671 | 0 | = = {{ main article | kingdom of yugoslavia }} {{ multiple image | align = right | direction = vertical | width = 210 | header = | image1 = | flag of the kingdom of yugoslavia . svg | caption1 = flag of the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] | | image2 = banovine jugoslavia . png | caption2 = [[ subdivisions of the kingdom of yugoslavia | banovinas ]] of yugoslavia , 1929 – 39 . after 1939 the sava | |
| 821159759 | 0 | leaders , but many key croatian representatives in the party silently supported this cause , lobbying within the party ranks for a reorganisation of the country . as a result , | a | new [[ 1974 yugoslav constitution | constitution ]] was ratified in 1974 , which gave more rights to the individual republics in yugoslavia and provinces in serbia . = = = | |
| 837392651 | 0 | > = = world war ii = = {{ main article | world war ii in yugoslavia }} [[ file : stjepan stevo filipović . jpg | thumb | right | | 150px | upright = 0 . 7 | | [[ yugoslav partisans | partisan ]] [[ stjepan filipović ]] shouting " death to fascism , freedom to the people ! " shortly before his execution ]] at 5 : |
| left_string | del_string | ins_string | right_string | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 100257 | 2 | and since [[ 1991 ]] , [[ slovenia ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] and [[ former yugoslav republic of macedonia | the macedonian republic ]] | ( f . y . r . o . m . ) | all gained their independence . nowadays the only remaining republics are [[ serbia ]] and [[ montenegro ]] , with the status of [[ kosovo ]] still uncertain . because there | |||
| 854429 | 1 | bosnia , [[ albanians | albanians ]] in serbia and f . y . r . o . m . , [[ hungary | hungarian ]] in serbia ) , this | led to | was used as the cause for | some often bloody civil wars ( [[ croatia / history | croatia ]] , [[ history of bosnia and herzegovina | bosnia ]] , [[ kosovo war ]] ) . < | ||
| 1278009 | 0 | * * ' ' ' socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ' ' ' from 1963 to 1992 . * [[ federal republic of yugoslavia | republic of yugoslavia ]] , which | exists | existed | from 1992 , under names : * * ' ' ' federal republic of yugoslavia ' ' ' , from 1992 to [[ 2003 ]] , * * ' ' ' | ||
| 1278010 | 0 | * * ' ' ' socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ' ' ' from 1963 to 1992 . * [[ federal republic of yugoslavia | republic of yugoslavia ]] , which | existed | exists | from 1992 , under the name : * * ' ' ' federal republic of yugoslavia ' ' ' , from 1992 to [[ 2003 ]] , when it was renamed | ||
| 1296386 | 4 | tension between the various peoples grew , and since [[ 1991 ]] , [[ slovenia ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] and [[ republic of macedonia | | former yugoslav republic of macedonia | ]] all gained their independence . nowadays the only remaining republics are [[ serbia ]] and [[ montenegro ]] , with the status of [[ kosovo ]] still uncertain . because | |||
| 1298298 | 5 | b3awia ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' is term casually used for any of following political entities : * [[ kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ]] , | from [[ 1918 ]] | whose name changed name | to [[ 1929 ]] , * [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] from 1929 to [[ 1941 ]] * [[ democratic federal yugoslavia ]] , from [[ 1945 ]] to [[ 1946 | ||
| 17 | republic of yugoslavia ]] from 1946 to [[ 1963 ]] , * [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] from 1963 to [[ 1992 ]] * federal republic of yugoslavia , | from | [[ croatia ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] and [[ bosnia - herzegovina ]] separated . as a result a federation named ' ' ' federal republic of yugoslavia ' ' ' was formed between the remaining republics of [[ serbia ]] and [[ montenegro ]] , which in [[ 2003 ]] remade its internal structure into a loose commonwealth and changed its name to [[ serbia and montenegro ]] . | 1992 to [[ 2003 ]] , * [[ serbia and montenegro ]] , from 2003 onward . see [[ history of yugoslavia ]] for relation among the three . the rest | |||
| 18 | yugoslavia ]] from 1946 to [[ 1963 ]] , * [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] from 1963 to [[ 1992 ]] * federal republic of yugoslavia , from 1992 | to [[ | < tr > < td > < i > federal republic of yugoslavia ( | 2003 ]] , * [[ serbia and montenegro ]] , from 2003 onward . see [[ history of yugoslavia ]] for relation among the three . the rest of this article | |||
| 1338233 | 0 | 2003 ]] remade its internal structure into a loose commonwealth and changed its name to [[ serbia and montenegro ]] . | < table align = " right " > < tr > < td > [[ image : yugoslaviamap . png ]] < / tr > < / td > < tr > < td > < i > federal republic of yugoslavia ( 1992 - 2003 ) < / i > < / tr > < / td > < / table > the [[ united nations ]] , and many individual states ( including the [[ united states ]] ) refused | [[ category : yugoslavia | ]] [[ category : former countries in the balkans ]] [[ ar : يوغوسلافيا ]] [[ be : югаславія ]] [[ bs : jugoslavija ]] [[ bg : югославия ]] [[ ca : iugoslàvia ]] [[ cs : jugoslávie ]] [[ da : jugoslavien ]] [[ de : jugoslawien ]] [[ et : jugoslaavia ]] [[ el : γιουγκοσλαβία ]] [[ es : yugoslavia ( desambiguación ) ]] [[ es : yugoslavia ]] [[ fa : یوگوسلاوی ]] [[ fr : yougoslavie ]] [[ ko : 유고슬라비아 ]] [[ hr : jugoslavija ]] [[ io : yugoslavia ]] [[ is : júgóslavía ]] [[ it : jugoslavia ]] [[ he : יוגוסלביה ]] [[ lv : dienvidslāvija ]] [[ mk : југославија ]] [[ nl : joegoslavië ]] [[ ja : ユーゴスラビア ]] [[ no : jugoslavia ]] [[ pl : jugosławia ]] [[ pt : jugoslávia ]] [[ ro : iugoslavia ]] [[ ru : югославия ]] [[ sk : juhoslávia ]] [[ sl : jugoslavija ]] [[ sr : југославија ]] [[ fi : jugoslavia ]] [[ sv : jugoslavien ]] [[ th : ยูโกสลาเวีย ]] [[ tr : yugoslavya ]] [[ zh : 南斯拉夫 ]] | |||
| 59612315 | 0 | ]] sought to restore pre - 1974 serbian sovereignty , which republics of slovenia and croatia denounced as the revival of great serbian hegemonism . autonomy of [[ vojvodina ]] and | of [[ kosovo | kosovo and metohija ]] was reduced , though both entities retained a vote in the yugoslav presidency council . as a result , the [[ albanians | ethnic albanian ]] miners in [[ kosovo ]] organized strikes , which dovetailed into ethnic conflict between the albanians and the non - albanians in the province . at 90 % of the population of kosovo in the 1980 ' s , ethnic - albanians were the majority . the number of slavs in kosovo ( mainly serbs ) was falling fast and by 1999 they formed as little as 10 % of the two million population . meanwhile [[ slovenia ]] , under the presidency of [[ milan kučan ]] , along with [[ croatia ]] openly supported albanian miners , and initial strikes turned into widespread demonstrations demanding kosovo republic . this angered serbia ' s leadership who proceeded to use police to restrain the violence . as police was insufficient force , the federal army was ordered by yugoslav presidency to restore order . in january 1990 , the extraordinary 14th congress of the [[ league of communists of yugoslavia ]] was convened . for the most time , the slovenian and serbian delegations were arguing over the future of the league of communists and yugoslavia . the serbian delegation , led by milošević , insisted on a policy of " one person , one vote " , which would empower the majority population , the serbs . in turn , the slovenians , supported by croatians , sought to reform yugoslavia as to devolve power even more to republics , but were voted down . as a result , the slovenian , and eventually croatian delegation left the congress , and the all - yugoslav communist party was dissolved . following the fall of [[ communism ]] in the rest of [[ eastern europe ]] , each of the republics held multi - party elections in 1990 . the unresolved issues remained . in particular , slovenia and croatia elected governments oriented towards independence ( under [[ milan kučan ]] and [[ franjo tuđman ]] , respectively ) , while serbia and montenegro elected candidates who favoured yugoslav unity . in croatia there was growing advocacy of " croatian state and historical rights " , the serbs were stripped of their national and constitutional rights , thus becoming demoted from a constituent nation of croatia to national minority . following this , the serbs proclaimed the emergence of serbian autonomous areas ( known later as republic of serbian krajina ) in croatia . croatia embarked upon illegal importation of arms , mainly from hungary , and were caught red - handed when yugoslav counter intelligence ( kos , kontra - obavjestajna sluzba ) showed a video of secret meeting between croatian defence minister martin špegelj and two men . špegelj announced they were at war with the army and gave instructions about arms smuggling as well as methods of dealing with the yugoslav army ' s officers stationed in croatian cities . in march 1990 , during the demonstrations in split ( croatia ) , a young yugoslav conscript was strangled on the tank by croatian mob . elsewhere , tensions were running high . in the same month , the [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] ( jugoslovenska narodna armija , jna ) met with the presidency of yugoslavia ( an eight member council composed of representatives from six republics and two autonomous provinces ) in an attempt to get them to declare a [[ state of emergency ]] which would allow for the army to take control of the country . the representatives of serbia , montenegro , kosovo - metohija , and vojvodina voted for the decision , while croatia ( [[ stjepan mesić | stipe mesić ]] ) , slovenia ( [[ janez drnovšek ]] ) , macedonia ( [[ vasil tupurkovski ]] ) and bosnia - hercegovina ( [[ bogić bogićević ]] ) voted against . the tie delayed an escalation of conflicts , but not for long . following the first multi - party election results , the republics of slovenia and croatia proposed transforming yugoslavia into a loose confederation of six republics in the autumn of 1990 , however [[ slobodan milošević | milošević ]] rejected all such proposals , arguing that like slovenes and croats , the serbs should also have a right to self - determination . on [[ march 9 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] demonstrations were held against slobodan milošević in [[ belgrade ]] , but the police and the military were deployed in the streets in order to restore order , killing two people . in late march 1991 , the [[ plitvice lakes incident ]] was one of the first sparks of open war in croatia . the [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] ( jna ) maintained an impression of being neutral , but as time went on , it was becoming more and more involved in state politics . on [[ june 25 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , slovenia and croatia became the first republics to declare independence from yugoslavia . in slovenia , slovenian territorial defence ( paramilitary force ) seized the yugoslav border posts with austria and italy taking down yugoslav and raising slovenian flag . following day ( [[ june 26 ]] ) , the federal executive council speifically ordered the army to take control of the internationally recognized borders . [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] forces based in barracks in slovenia and croatia , attempted to carry out the task within next 48 hours . however , due to the misinformation given to the yugoslav army conscripts , and the fact that the majority of them did not wish to engage in a war on their home soil , the slovene territorial defence forces retook most of the posts within several days with only minimal loss of life on both sides . recently the austrian orf tv station showed footage of several young yugoslav soldiers at holmec ( border crossing with austria ) , carrying a white cloth and raising their hands in the air , apparently to surrender to the slovenian territorial defence , before gunfire was heard and the troops were seen falling down . slovenia was accused of shooting them , which was later proven a farce , since all three soldiers are still alive . more information is available under [[ ten - day war ]] in slovenia article . ceasefire was agreed on . in the [[ brioni agreement ]] , agreed upon by representatives of all republics , the international community pressured slovenia and croatia to place a three - month [[ moratorium ]] on their independence declarations . during these three months , the yugoslav army completed its pull - out of slovenia , but in croatia , a bloody war broke out in the autumn of 1991 . ethnic serbs , who had created the [[ republic of serbian krajina ]] in heavily serb - populated regions resisted the forces of the republic of croatia who were trying to bring that breakaway region back under croatian jurisdiction . in some places , the yugoslav army acted as a buffer zone , in others it was protecting the serbs from new croatian army disguised as police force . in september 1991 , the republic of macedonia also declared independence becoming the only former republic to gain sovereignty without resistance from the belgrade based yugoslav authorities . 500 u . s soldiers were then deployed under the u . n . banner to monitor macedonia ' s northern borders with the republic of serbia , yugoslavia . macedonia ' s first president , [[ kiro gligorov ]] , maintained good relations with belgrade and the other breakaway republics and there have to date been no problems between macedonian and serbo - montenegrin border police even though small pockets of kosovo and the [[ preševo ]] valley complete the northern reaches of the historical region known as macedonia , which would otherwise create a border dispute if ever macedonian nationalism should resurface ( see [[ imoro ]] ) . as a result of the conflict , the [[ united nations security council ]] unanimously adopted [[ un security council resolution 721 ]] on [[ november 27 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , which paved the way to the establishment of [[ peacekeeping ]] operations in yugoslavia . [ http : / / www . nato . int / ifor / un / u911127a . htm ] [[ image : former yugoslavia wartime . png | 300px | thumb | right | war in former yugoslavia ]] in [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] in november 1991 , the bosnian serbs held a referendum which resulted in an overwhelming vote in favour of staying in a common state with [[ serbia ]] and [[ montenegro ]] . on [[ january 9 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] the bosnian serb assembly proclaimed a separate " republic of the serb people of bosnia and herzegovina " . the referendum and creation of sars were proclaimed [[ constitutionality | unconstitutional ]] by the government of bosnia and herzegovina , and declared illegal and invalid . however , in february - march 1992 the government held a national referendum on bosnian independence from yugoslavia . that referendum was in turn declared contrary to the bih and federal constitution by the federal constitution court and newly established bosnian serb government ; it was largely boycotted by the bosnian serbs . the turnout was somewhere between 64 - 67 % and 98 % of the voters voted for independence . it was unclear what the two - thirds majority requirement actually meant and whether it was satisfied {{ fact }} . the republic ' s government declared its independence on [[ 5 april ]] , and since that decision was made without the consent of all three nations living in bosnia ( the votes of serbs were ignored , though such decision should be supported by all bosnian nations ) , the serbs immediately declared the independence of republika srpska to protect their rights . the [[ bosnian war | war in bosnia ]] followed shortly thereafter . the so - called badinter commission formed by the [[ european community ]] declared in early 1992 that the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia had " dissolved " . various dates are considered as the end of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia : * [[ june 25 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , when croatia and slovenia declared independence * [[ october 8 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , when the [[ july 9 ]] th moratorium on slovenian and croatian secession was ended and croatia restated its independence in croatian parliament ( that day is celebrated as independence day in croatia ) * [[ january 15 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , when slovenia and croatia were internationally recognized * [[ april 6 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , full recognition of bosnia and herzegovina ’ s independence by the united states and most european countries * [[ april 28 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , the formation of fry ( see below ) = = federal republic of yugoslavia = = [[ image : yugoslaviamap . png | frame | the federal republic of yugoslavia consisted of serbia and montenegro . ]] the [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( fry ) was formed on [[ april 28 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , and it consisted of the former socialist republics of serbia and montenegro . the war in the western parts of former yugoslavia ended in 1995 with [[ united states | u . s . ]] - sponsored peace talks in [[ dayton , ohio ]] , which resulted in the so - called [[ dayton agreement ]] . in [[ kosovo ]] , throughout the 1990s , the leadership of the albanian population had been pursuing tactics of non - violent resistance in order to achieve independence for the province . in 1996 , radical albanians formed the [[ kosovo liberation army ]] which carried out armed actions in the southern serbian province . the yugoslav reaction involved the indiscriminate use of force against civilian populations , and caused many ethnic - albanians to flee their homes . following the [[ racak incident ]] and unsuccessful [[ rambouillet agreement ]] in the early months of 1999 , nato proceeded to bombard serbia and montenegro for more than two months , until the milošević ' s government submitted to their demands and withdrew its forces from kosovo . see [[ kosovo war ]] for more information . since june 1999 , the province has been governed by peace - keeping forces from nato and [[ russia ]] , although all parties continue to recognize it as a part of serbia . [[ image : smilo . jpg | frame | left | [[ slobodan milošević ]] ]] milošević ' s rejection of claims of a first - round opposition victory in new elections for the federal presidency in september 2000 led to mass demonstrations in belgrade on october 5 and the collapse of the regime ' s authority . the opposition ' s candidate , reformed [[ nationalist ]] [[ vojislav koštunica ]] took office as yugoslav president on [[ october 6 ]] , [[ 2000 ]] . [[ image : banknoteyug . jpg | 300px | left | thumb | a [[ hyperinflation ]] bill of 50 & nbsp ; [[ billion ]] [[ yugoslavia dinar | dinars ]] ( 1993 ) ]] on saturday , [[ march 31 ]] , [[ 2001 ]] , milošević surrendered to yugoslav security forces from his home in belgrade , following a recent warrant for his arrest on charges of abuse of power and corruption . on [[ june 28 ]] he was driven to the yugoslav - bosnian border where shortly after he was placed in the custody of [[ sfor ]] officials , soon to be extradited to the [[ united nations ]] [[ international criminal tribunal for the former yugoslavia ]] . his trial on charges of [[ genocide ]] in bosnia and war crimes in croatia and in kosovo and metohija began at [[ the hague ]] on [[ february 12 ]] , [[ 2002 ]] . on [[ april 11 ]] , the yugoslav parliament passed a law allowing extradition of all persons charged with war crimes by the international criminal tribunal . in march 2002 , the governments of serbia and montenegro agreed to reform the fry in favour of a new , much weaker form of cooperation called [[ serbia and montenegro ]] . by order of the yugoslav federal parliament on [[ february 4 ]] , [[ 2003 ]] , yugoslavia , at least nominally , ceased to exist . a federal government remained in place in belgrade but assumed largely ceremonial powers . the individual governments of serbia and of montenegro conducted their respective affairs almost as though the two republics were independent . furthermore , customs were established along the traditional border crossings between the two republics . on [[ may 21 ]] , [[ 2006 ]] , 86 percent of eligible montenegrin voters turned out for a special referendum on the independence of montenegro from the state union with serbia . they voted 55 . 5 % in favour of independence , recognised as above the 55 % threshold set by the [[ european union ]] for formal recognition of the independence of montenegro . on [[ june 3 ]] , [[ 2006 ]] , montenegro officially declared its independence , with serbia following suit two days later , effectively dissolving the last vestige of the former yugoslavia . = = further reading = = * hall , brian : the impossible country : a journey through the last days of yugoslavia . penguin books . new york , 1994 * allcock , john b . : explaining yugoslavia . new york : columbia university press , 2000 . * chan , adrian : ' ' free to choose : a teacher ' s resource and activity guide to revolution and reform in eastern europe ' ' . stanford , ca : spice , 1991 . ed 351 248 . * clark , ramsey : ' ' nato in the balkans : voices of opposition ' ' . international action center , 1998 . * cohen , lenard j . : ' ' broken bonds : the disintegration of yugoslavia ' ' . boulder , co : westview press , 1993 . * dragnich , alex n . : ' ' serbs and croats . the struggle in yugoslavia ' ' . new york : harcourt brace jovanovich , 1992 . * gutman , roy . : ' ' a witness to genocide . the 1993 pulitzer prize - winning dispatches on the " ethnic cleansing " of bosnia ' ' . new york : macmillan , 1993 . * harris , judy j . : ' ' yugoslavia today ' ' . southern social studies journal 16 ( fall 1990 ) : 78 - 101 . ej 430 520 . * hayden , robert m . : blueprints for a house divided : the constitutional logic of the yugoslav conflicts . ann arbor : university of michigan press , 2000 . * jelavich , barbara : ' ' history of the balkans : eighteenth and nineteenth centuries ' ' , volume 1 . new york : american council of learned societies , 1983 . ed 236 093 . * jelavich , barbara : ' ' history of the balkans : twentieth century ' ' , volume 2 . new york : american council of learned societies , 1983 . ed 236 094 . * johnstone , diana : ' ' fools ’ crusade : yugoslavia , nato , and western delusions ' ' . monthly review press , 2002 . * owen , david : ' ' balkan odyssey ' ' . harcourt ( harvest book ) , 1997 . * sacco , joe : ' ' safe area gorazde : the war in eastern bosnia 1992 - 1995 ' ' . fantagraphics books , january , 2002 . * [[ rebecca west | west , rebecca ]] : ' ' black lamb and gray falcon : a journey through yugoslavia ' ' . viking , 1941 . * misha glenny : ' ' the fall of yugoslavia : the third balkan war ' ' , isbn 0 - 14 - 026101 - x = = legacy = = the present - day countries created from the former parts of yugoslavia are : * [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] * [[ croatia ]] * [[ montenegro ]] * [[ republic of macedonia ]] * [[ serbia ]] * [[ slovenia ]] [[ image : former yugoslavia 2006 . png | 700px | thumb | center | countries of former yugoslavia ]] the first former yugoslav republic that joined the [[ european union ]] was slovenia which applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004 . croatia applied for membership in 2003 , and could join before 2010 . republic of macedonia applied in 2004 , and will probably join by 2010 – 2015 . the remaining three republics have yet to apply so their acceptance generally isn ' t expected before 2015 . ' ' see also : [[ enlargement of the european union ]] ' ' = = miscellaneous = = [[ asteroid ]] [[ 1554 yugoslavia ]] was discovered by [[ milorad b . protić ]] and named after yugoslavia . = = see also = = * [[ history of the balkans ]] * [[ history of europe ]] * [[ yugoslav war ]] = = references = = * {{ loc }} – [ http : / / lcweb2 . loc . gov / frd / cs / yutoc . html yugoslavia ] {{ note | malcolm }} [[ noel malcolm ]] – ' ' bosnia – a short history ' ' ( macmillan , 1994 ) = = external links = = * [ http : / / www . tenc . net / yugo . htm a library of analysis and documents refuting the standard media view of what happened in yugoslavia ] from emperor ' s clothes * [ http : / / www . hirhome . com / yugo / milospeech . htm " how politicians , the media , and scholars lied about milošević ' s 1989 kosovo speech " ] ' ' [[ historical and investigative research ]] ' ' 2005 francisco gil - white . * [ http : / / www . ericdigests . org / 1995 - 2 / bosnia . htm teaching about conflict and crisis in the former yugoslavia ] * [ http : / / www . vojska . net vojska . net – covering wars in former yugoslavia ] * [ http : / / www . ohr . int / ohr - info / maps / maps ] * [ http : / / www . slobodnajugoslavija . com / slobodna jugoslavija ] {{ commons | yugoslavia }} * [ http : / / www . royalfamily . org / the official website of the royal family of serbia ] * [ http : / / vlib . iue . it / history / europe / yugoslavia . html www - vl : history : yugoslavia ] * [ http : / / digital . library . unt . edu / govdocs / crs / search . tkl ? q = yugoslavia & search _ crit = subject & search = search & date1 = anytime & date2 = anytime & type = form congressional research service ( crs ) reports regarding yugoslavia ] * [ http : / / news . bbc . co . uk / go / pr / fr / - / 1 / hi / world / europe / 4997380 . stm timeline : break - up of yugoslavia at bbc news ] [[ category : yugoslavia | ]] [[ category : former countries in the balkans ]] [[ ar : يوغوسلافيا ]] [[ be : югаславія ]] [[ bs : jugoslavija ]] [[ bg : югославия ]] [[ ca : iugoslàvia ]] [[ cs : jugoslávie ]] [[ da : jugoslavien ]] [[ de : jugoslawien ]] [[ et : jugoslaavia ]] [[ el : γιουγκοσλαβία ]] [[ es : yugoslavia ( desambiguación ) ]] [[ es : yugoslavia ]] [[ fa : یوگوسلاوی ]] [[ fr : yougoslavie ]] [[ ko : 유고슬라비아 ]] [[ hr : jugoslavija ]] [[ io : yugoslavia ]] [[ is : júgóslavía ]] [[ it : jugoslavia ]] [[ he : יוגוסלביה ]] [[ lv : dienvidslāvija ]] [[ mk : југославија ]] [[ nl : joegoslavië ]] [[ ja : ユーゴスラビア ]] [[ no : jugoslavia ]] [[ pl : jugosławia ]] [[ pt : jugoslávia ]] [[ ro : iugoslavia ]] [[ ru : югославия ]] [[ sk : juhoslávia ]] [[ sl : jugoslavija ]] [[ sr : југославија ]] [[ fi : jugoslavia ]] [[ sv : jugoslavien ]] [[ th : ยูโกสลาเวีย ]] [[ tr : yugoslavya ]] [[ zh : 南斯拉夫 ]] | ||||
| 60150694 | 0 | a free fall , social programmes had collapsed creating within the population an atmosphere of social despair and hopelessness . this was an critical turning point in the yugoslav tragedy . | in the spring of 1990 , | marković in the spring of 1990 was by far the most popular politician not only in yugoslavia as a whole but in each of its constituent republics . he should have | |||
| 3 | repudiate the marković - imf austerity and by doing so help their republics prepare to leave yugoslavia altogether and ' join europe ' . the appeal of milosević in serbia was | to | based around | the fact that the west was acting against the serbian people ' s interests . and these appeals worked . in every republic , beginning with slovenia and croatia in the | |||
| 4 | marković - imf austerity and by doing so help their republics prepare to leave yugoslavia altogether and ' join europe ' . the appeal of milosević in serbia was to the | fact | idea | that the west was acting against the serbian people ' s interests . and these appeals worked . in every republic , beginning with slovenia and croatia in the spring , | |||
| 11 | elections , they worked hard to break up the country . but the us government as a whole opted for the priority of the shock therapy programme over yugoslav cohesion . | thus was | indeed , it is likely that | the internal dynamic towards the yugoslav collapse into civil war decisively accelerated . the only european states which did have a strategic interest in the yugoslav theatre tended to want to | |||
| 18 | thus was the internal dynamic towards the yugoslav collapse into civil war decisively accelerated . the only european states which did have a strategic interest in the yugoslav theatre tended to | want to break it up | favour fragmentation | . it would be wrong , of course , to suggest that there were no other , specifically yugoslav , structural flaws which helped to generate the collapse . many would | |||
| 20 | argue that the decentralised market socialism was a disastrous experiment for a state in yugoslavia ' s geopolitical situation . the 1974 constitution , though better for the kosovar albanians , | gave too much | had given increased power | to the republics , crippling the institutional and material power of the federal government . tito ' s authority substituted for this weakness until his death in 1980 , after which | |||
| 22 | free fall , social programmes had collapsed creating within the population an atmosphere of social despair and hopelessness . this was an critical turning point in the yugoslav tragedy . marković | in the spring of 1990 | was by far the most popular politician not only in yugoslavia as a whole but in each of its constituent republics . he should have been able to rally the population | ||||
| 63135279 | 7 | on [[ february 4 ]] , [[ 2003 ]] , the name yugoslavia was officially abolished when the state transformed into a loose commonwealth called [[ serbia and montenegro ]] . | on [[ may 21 ]] , [[ 2006 ]] , [[ montenegro ]] voted to separate from | after a successful referendum in | the state union of serbia and montenegro and establish itself as an independent state . montenegro officially declared its independence on [[ june 3 ]] , [[ 2006 ]] , while | ||
| 63279868 | 1 | name , while [[ nikola pašić ]] ( prime minister of serbia ) seeing in this a " croat army " , wanted them to fight under the serbian flag . | = = = corfu agreement = = = | however , during june and july 1917 , the yugoslav committee met with the serbian government in corfu and on [[ 20 july ]] a declaration that laid foundation of the | |||
| 63280598 | 0 | and material life " . the future state was to be called the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes and was to be constitutional monarchy under the karađorđević dynasty . | = = = the unification of south slavs = = = | as the habsburg empire dissolved , a national council of slovenes , croats and serbs took power in zagreb on [[ 6 october ]] [[ 1918 ]] . on [[ 29 | |||
| 63327901 | 24 | to become a massive party endorsing croatian national interests and seeking confederation . the elections for the constituent assembly in november 1920 brought victory for the two main serbian parties . | [[ communism | | communists came third and croatian peasant party fourth . the newly formed government was determined to push through a centralist constitution . in response , the croatian peasant party prepared a | |||
| 50 | even fist - fights in parliament , puniša račić , a montenegrin serb , leapt up in the chamber and shot two croats and wounded three others , including stjepan radić | ]] ( founder of the croatian peasant party ) | , who eventually died . following this , king aleksandar i banned national political parties in 1929 , assumed executive power and renamed the country yugoslavia . he hoped to curb | ||||
| 73 | to further alienate the non - serbs of the idea of unity . during an official visit to france in 1934 , the king was assassinated in marseilles by a macedonian | with | ]] in | the cooperation of the ustashi - a croatian separatist organization . alexander was succeeded by his eleven year old son peter ii and a regency council headed by his cousin prince | |||
| 75 | unity . during an official visit to france in 1934 , the king was assassinated in marseilles by a macedonian with the cooperation of the ustashi - a croatian separatist organization | that pursued [[ nazi ]] policies | . alexander was succeeded by his eleven year old son peter ii and a regency council headed by his cousin prince paul . the international political scene in the late 1930s | ||||
| 99 | full powers . [[ adolf hitler | hitler ]] then decided to attack yugoslavia on [[ april 6 ]] , followed immediately by an invasion of [[ greece ]] where mussolini | | mussolini ]] | had previously been repelled . ( as a result , the launch of [[ operation barbarossa ]] was delayed by four weeks , which proved to be a costly decision . | ||||
| 63330276 | 38 | of partisan forces escaped towards bosnia . on [[ november 25 ]] , [[ 1942 ]] , the [[ avnoj | anti - fascist council of national liberation of yugoslavia ]] | ( ' ' antifašističko vijeće narodnog oslobođenja jugoslavije ' ' ) | was convened in [[ bihać ]] . the council reconvened on [[ november 29 ]] , [[ 1943 ]] in [[ jajce ]] and established the basis for post - war | |||
| 63517403 | 36 | had been dominated by serbian ruling class ; and a war - time slaughter in which the nazis made use of the earlier serbian oppression to use croatian fascism for barbarous | slaughter | acts against the serbs | and also exploited anti - serb sentiment amongst the kosovo albanian - and some elements in the bosnian muslim - population to bolster their rule . there had been one structural | ||
| 63521475 | 99 | republic of serbian krajina ) in croatia . croatia embarked upon illegal importation of arms , mainly from hungary , and were caught red - handed when yugoslav counter intelligence ( | ' ' | kos , kontra - obavjestajna sluzba ) showed a video of secret meeting between croatian defence minister martin špegelj and two men . špegelj announced they were at war with the | |||
| 104 | handed when yugoslav counter intelligence ( kos , kontra - obavjestajna sluzba ) showed a video of secret meeting between croatian defence minister martin špegelj and two men . špegelj announced | that | they were at war with the army and gave instructions about arms smuggling as well as methods of dealing with the yugoslav army ' s officers stationed in croatian cities . | ||||
| 129 | republics to declare independence from yugoslavia . in slovenia , slovenian territorial defence ( paramilitary force ) seized the yugoslav border posts with austria and italy taking down yugoslav and raising | the [[ flag of slovenia | | slovenian flag . following day ( [[ june 26 ]] ) , the federal executive council speifically ordered the army to take control of the internationally recognized borders . [[ yugoslav | ||||
| 63524230 | 1 | and raising their hands in the air , apparently to surrender to the slovenian territorial defence , before gunfire was heard and the troops were seen falling down . slovenia was | accused of shooting them , which was later proven a farce , since all three soldiers are still alive | the first known war crime in the yugoslav wars | . ceasefire was agreed on . in the [[ brioni agreement ]] , agreed upon by representatives of all republics , the international community pressured slovenia and croatia to place a | ||
| 67652920 | 0 | march 1990 , during the demonstrations in [[ split ]] ( croatia ) , a young [[ yugoslavs | yugoslav ]] conscript was strangled on the tank by croatian mob . | {{ dubious }} | elsewhere , tensions were running high . in the same month , the [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] ( ' ' jugoslovenska narodna armija , jna ' ' ) | |||
| 67654191 | 0 | 10 % of the two million population . meanwhile [[ slovenia ]] , under the presidency of [[ milan kučan ]] , along with [[ croatia ]] openly supported albanian miners | {{ fact }} | , and initial strikes turned into widespread demonstrations demanding kosovo republic . this angered serbia ' s leadership who proceeded to use police to restrain the violence . as police was | |||
| 68596291 | 0 | s officers stationed in croatian cities . in march 1990 , during the demonstrations in [[ split ]] ( croatia ) , a young [[ yugoslavs | yugoslav ]] conscript was | strangled on | pushed off | the tank by croatian mob . {{ dubious }} elsewhere , tensions were running high . in the same month , the [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] ( ' | ||
| 2 | march 1990 , during the demonstrations in [[ split ]] ( croatia ) , a young [[ yugoslavs | yugoslav ]] conscript was strangled on the tank by croatian mob . | {{ dubious }} | also guns were fired from army bases through croatia . | elsewhere , tensions were running high . in the same month , the [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] ( ' ' jugoslovenska narodna armija , jna ' ' ) | |||
| 69392268 | 1 | a policy very much in line with that of austria , but with additional hungarian goals [[ vis - à - vis ]] serbia ' s [[ vojvodina ]] province . | {{ fact }} | these manoeuvres by austria and hungary to break up yugoslavia were , of course , then overshadowed by the [[ germany | german ]] government ' s drive to derecognise yugoslavia | |||
| 73643078 | 0 | ) and would exist under this name until its death following the [[ yugoslav wars ]] . the declaration of independence and seccesion by most of the constituent republics of sfry | lead | led | to the formation of a federation named the ' ' ' [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' ( fry ) in 1992 on the territory of the two | ||
| 80305420 | 0 | | communist party ]] ( ' ' komunistička partija ' ' ) , and were against the king , joined the [[ partisans ( yugoslavia ) | yugoslav national liberation army | - narodno oslobodilacka vojska | ]] ( nla ) , led by [[ josip broz tito ]] . [[ image : jasenovac6 . jpg | right | thumb | 250px | [[ jasenovac concentration camp # | |||
| 4 | 100 civilians , and for each wounded , they killed 50 . following chetniks ' termination of war activities against the germans , reported atrocities against non - serb population and | increasingly | frequent collaboration with italians and ( less frequently ) germans against the nla , the allies eventually switched to support the nla . however , nla carried on its guerrilla warfare | ||||
| 80313028 | 11 | suppression of national identities escalated with the so - called [[ croatian spring ]] of [[ 1970 ]] - [[ 1971 ]] , when students in [[ zagreb ]] organized demonstrations | for | hiding behind slogans about " | greater civil liberties and greater [[ croatia ]] n autonomy . the regime stifled the public protest and incarcerated the leaders , but many key croatian representatives in the party silently | ||
| 24 | debt problem . the yugoslav government then accepted the [[ international monetary fund | imf ]] ' s conditionalities which shifted the burden of the crisis onto the yugoslav working class | , as it would have been expected from a capitalist system , determined to end the successful growth of its worst enemy - successful and democratically superior communism | . simultaneously , strong social groups emerged within the [[ league of communists of yugoslavia | yugoslav communist party ]] , allied to western business , banking and state interests and | ||||
| 80313856 | 8 | democratic " countries , escalated with the so - called [[ croatian spring ]] of [[ 1970 ]] - [[ 1971 ]] , when students in [[ zagreb ]] organized demonstrations | hiding behind slogans about " | for | greater civil liberties and greater [[ croatia ]] n autonomy " . the government stifled the public protest , which was led by defeated ustaše , known nazist collaborators during the | ||
| 29 | how convenient . the yugoslav government then accepted the [[ international monetary fund | imf ]] ' s conditionalities which shifted the burden of the crisis onto the yugoslav working class | , as it would have been expected from a capitalist system , determined to end the successful growth of its worst enemy - successful and democratically superior communism | . simultaneously , strong so - called social groups emerged within the [[ league of communists of yugoslavia | yugoslav communist party ]] , this time openly allied to western business | ||||
| 80314145 | 15 | and the rest of yugoslavia in [[ 1945 ]] . the [[ red army ]] was allowed by nov to pass through serbia from romania and exit through vojvodina on the | north of serbia | war was over | . in [[ may ]] 1945 , nov met with allied forces outside former yugoslav borders , after liberating [[ trieste ]] and parts of [[ austria | austrian ]] southern | ||
| 25 | 100 civilians , and for each wounded , they killed 50 . following chetniks ' termination of war activities against the germans , reported atrocities against non - serb population and | increasingly | frequent collaboration with italians and germans against the nov , the allies eventually switched to support the nov . however , nov carried on its guerrilla warfare . this led to | ||||
| 80382137 | 18 | politics . on [[ june 25th ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , slovenia and croatia became the first republics to declare [[ independence ]] from yugoslavia . in slovenia , slovenian | territorial | people ' s | defence ( paramilitary force ) seized the yugoslav border posts with austria and italy taking down the [[ flag of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | yugoslav ]] and raising | ||
| 80542773 | 0 | , which remained the official affiliation of the country until it dissolved . = = = the economy = = = although rigorously socialist in developing her industrial base , yugoslavia | allowed a certain amount | refused russian model | of capitalist incursions , in the spirit of pluralism . this openness to western investment , however , sowed the seeds of the federation ' s demise . meanwhile , yugoslavia | ||
| 8 | of capitalist incursions , in the spirit of pluralism . this openness to western investment , however , sowed the seeds of the federation ' s demise . meanwhile , yugoslavia | enjoyed | to enjoy | stability and peace . throughout the [[ 1960s ]] and [[ 1970s ]] , the growth of yugoslavia ' s [[ gross domestic product ]] averaged 6 . 1 % . | |||
| 80543661 | 1 | suppression of national identities escalated with the so - called [[ croatian spring ]] of [[ 1970 ]] - [[ 1971 ]] , when students in [[ zagreb ]] organized demonstrations | , supported heavilly by the west , | for greater civil liberties and greater [[ croatia ]] n autonomy . the regime stifled the public protest and incarcerated the leaders , but many key croatian representatives in the party | |||
| 80546176 | 10 | in a free fall , social programmes had collapsed creating within the population an atmosphere of social despair and hopelessness . this was a critical turning point in the yugoslav tragedy | , courtesy of western countries " favourable " credits , and terrorist activities secretly supported by those countries | . in the spring of 1990 , marković was by far the most popular politician , not only in yugoslavia as a whole , but in each of its constituent republics | |||
| 80546909 | 17 | ]] , which remained the official affiliation of the country until it dissolved . = = = the economy = = = rigorously socialist in developing her industrial base , yugoslavia | refused russian model | allowed a certain amount | of " socialism " and begun rebuilding the country on principles of democratic marxist socialism . that , to the surprise in the west , did mean pluralism and open economy | ||
| 21 | , into the economic millieu of the country and ignite the corruption , both political and economic . however , it was a long and slow process which did allow yugoslavia | to enjoy | enjoyed | stability and peace which came with socialist and marxist structure of the society . throughout the [[ 1960s ]] and [[ 1970s ]] , the growth of yugoslavia ' s [[ | |||
| 48 | of national identities , escalated with the so - called [[ croatian spring ]] of [[ 1970 ]] - [[ 1971 ]] , when students in [[ zagreb ]] organized demonstrations | , supported heavilly by the west , | for " greater civil liberties and greater [[ croatia ]] n autonomy " . the government stifled the destabilising and unfounded protest and incarcerated the leaders , but many key croatian | ||||
| 60 | in a free fall , social programmes had collapsed creating within the population an atmosphere of social despair and hopelessness . this was a critical turning point in the yugoslav tragedy | , courtesy of western countries " favourable " credits , and terrorist activities secretly supported by those countries | . in the spring of 1990 , marković was by far the most popular politician , not only in yugoslavia as a whole , but in each of its constituent republics | ||||
| 82799705 | 1 | integrity of yugoslavia as a neutral state on the frontiers of the super - power confrontation in europe . the economic crisis was the product of disastrous errors by yugoslav governments | in the 1970s , | into | borrowing vast amounts of western capital in order to fund growth through exports . western economies then entered recession , blocked yugoslav exports and created a huge debt problem . the | ||
| 3 | amounts of western capital in order to fund growth through exports . western economies then entered recession , blocked yugoslav exports and created a huge debt problem . the yugoslav government | was | then accepted the [[ international monetary fund | imf ]] ' s conditionalities which shifted the burden of the crisis onto the yugoslav working class . simultaneously , strong social groups | ||||
| 4 | of western capital in order to fund growth through exports . western economies then entered recession , blocked yugoslav exports and created a huge debt problem . the yugoslav government then | accepted | forced to accept | the [[ international monetary fund | imf ]] ' s conditionalities which shifted the burden of the crisis onto the yugoslav working class . simultaneously , strong social groups emerged within | |||
| 10 | . [[ image : ante marković . jpg | thumb | right | 200px | [[ ante marković ]] ]] in [[ 1989 ]] [[ jeffrey sachs ]] was in yugoslavia | helping | studying | the federal government under [[ ante marković ]] prepare the imf / [[ world bank group | world bank ]] " [[ shock _ therapy _ ( economics ) | shock | |||
| 82813167 | 2 | confrontation in europe . the economic crisis was the product of disastrous terrorist economic policies of the us and other western capitalist regimes in the 1970s , who encouraged jugoslav governments | into | in the 1970s , | borrowing vast amounts of western capital in order to fund growth through exports . western economies then entered one of many false recessions so prevalent in capitalism , blocked yugoslav exports | ||
| 4 | exports . western economies then entered one of many false recessions so prevalent in capitalism , blocked yugoslav exports and created a huge debt problem . the yugoslav government was then | forced to accept | accepted | the [[ international monetary fund | imf ]] ' s conditionalities which shifted the burden of the crisis onto the yugoslav working class . simultaneously , various social groups emerged within | |||
| 9 | . [[ image : ante marković . jpg | thumb | right | 200px | [[ ante marković ]] ]] in [[ 1989 ]] [[ jeffrey sachs ]] was in yugoslavia | studying | helping | the federal government under [[ ante marković ]] measurements for the imf / [[ world bank group | world bank ]] " [[ shock _ therapy _ ( economics ) | | |||
| 14 | growth through exports . western economies then entered one of many false recessions so prevalent in capitalism , blocked yugoslav exports and created a huge debt problem . the yugoslav government | was | then forced to accept the [[ international monetary fund | imf ]] ' s conditionalities which shifted the burden of the crisis onto the yugoslav working class . simultaneously , various | ||||
| 83667331 | 7 | german reprisals against the serb civilian population . for every killed soldier , the germans executed 100 civilians , and for each wounded , they killed 50 . following chetniks ' | termination of | terminated | war activities against the germans , reported atrocities against non - serb population and frequent collaboration with italians and ( less frequently ) germans against the nvo , the allies eventually | ||
| 10 | , muslims etc . ) , a serb - composed nationalistic fasicst royalist guerilla army led by convicted war criminal [[ draža mihajlović | dragoljub " draža " mihailović ]] . | but very shortly after the begining of war chetniks started to collaborate with nazis . | those inclined towards supporting the [[ communist party of yugoslavia | communist party ]] ( ' ' komunistička partija ' ' ) , and were against the king , joined the | ||||
| 13 | 100 civilians , and for each wounded , they killed 50 . following chetniks ' termination of war activities against the germans , reported atrocities against non - serb population and | frequent collaboration with italians and ( less frequently ) germans against the nvo , | the allies eventually switched to support the nvo . however , nvo carried on its guerrilla warfare . germans , italians , ustaše and četnici joined their forces against the nvo | ||||
| 83862003 | 3 | in all [[ south slavic languages ]] , ' ' југославија ' ' in [[ serbian language | serbian ]] and [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] [[ cyrillic ]] ) | is a term used for | : " land of | the three separate political entities that existed during most of the [[ 20th century ]] on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in [[ europe ]] . the name means ' ' | ||
| 25 | ' ' ' [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' ( sfry ) and would exist under this name until its death following the [[ yugoslav wars ]] | . the declaration of independence and secession by most of the constituent republics of sfry | , which | led to the formation of a federation named the ' ' ' [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' ( fry ) in 1992 on the territory of the | |||
| 84126872 | 0 | on the [[ federal republic of yugoslavia | territory of the two remaining republics ]] of [[ serbia ]] ( including the autonomous provinces of [[ vojvodina ]] and [[ kosovo | and metohija | ]] ) and [[ montenegro ]] . on [[ february 4 ]] , [[ 2003 ]] , the state transformed into a loose commonwealth called [[ serbia and montenegro ]] and | |||
| 84299894 | 8 | empire ]] would be to unite and free themselves of tyrannies and dictatorships . they gave it the name ilirski pokret ( illyric movement ) and gathered many prominent croatian intellectuals | and politicians around the new idea , but the movement started gaining large momentum only at the end of the 19th century , mainly because of the harsh | policies against any freedom movements occupied southern slavs could possibly have , practiced by both austrian and hungarian dictators . as the ottoman empire grew weaker and serbia , bulgaria and | |||
| 84305972 | 1 | empire ]] would be to unite and free themselves of tyrannies and dictatorships . they gave it the name ilirski pokret ( illyric movement ) and gathered many prominent croatian intellectuals | and politicians around the new idea , but the movement started gaining large momentum only at the end of the 19th century , mainly because of the harsh | policies against any freedom movements occupied southern slavs could possibly have , practiced by both austrian and hungarian dictators . as the ottoman empire grew weaker and serbia , bulgaria and | |||
| 85057086 | 8 | socialist republic of [[ serbia ]] , with capital in [[ belgrade ]] , which also contained : < br / > 5a . socialist autonomous province of [[ kosovo ]] | and metohija | , with capital in [[ pristina | priština ]] < br / > 5b . socialist autonomous province of [[ vojvodina ]] , with capital in [[ novi sad ]] # | |||
| 12 | and montenegro altered to a form based on the speech of the local people and not on the standards of zagreb and belgrade . [[ vojvodina ]] and [[ kosovo ]] | - metohija | form a part of the republic of [[ serbia ]] . the country distanced itself from the soviets in [[ 1948 ]] ( cf . [[ cominform ]] and [[ informbiro | ||||
| 85058507 | 0 | in [[ novi sad ]] # socialist republic of [[ slovenia ]] , with the capital in [[ ljubljana ]] . in 1974 , the two provinces of vojvodina and kosovo | - metohija ( for the latter had by then been upgraded to the status of a province ) , | as well as the republics of bosnia & herzegovina and montenegro were granted greater autonomy to the point that albanian and hungarian became nationally recognised minority languages and the serbo - | |||
| 85539858 | 13 | gray falcon : a journey through yugoslavia ' ' . viking , 1941 . * misha glenny : ' ' the fall of yugoslavia : the third balkan war ' ' | co : westview press , 2002 [ 3rd edition ] * ramet , sabrina p 2004 ‘explaining the yugoslav meltdown . “for a charm of pow ’ rful trouble , like a hell | , isbn 0 - 14 - 026101 - x = = legacy = = the present - day countries created from the former parts of yugoslavia are : * [[ bosnia | |||
| 87450359 | 11 | lands with serbia ( which was independent at the time ) , its more immediate concern was to head off italian claims in [[ istria ]] and [[ dalmatia ]] , | which was a very real concern . in [[ 1915 ]] , the allies had lured the italians into the war with promise of substantial territorial gains in exchange . according to the secret [[ london pact ]] , these included istria and large parts of dalmatia , where relatively substantial numbers of italians lived in the coastal cities , compared to the surrounding slavs . [[ image : landsforserbia . png | cell 3 | | thumb | right | 300px | lands offered to serbia by the allies in 1915 . ]] although in 1915 the serbian assembly had pledged itself to work for the | ||
| 90076309 | 1 | = = following this , [[ alexander i of yugoslavia | king aleksandar i ]] banned national political parties in 1929 , assumed executive power and renamed the country yugoslavia . | he hoped to curb separatist tendencies and mitigate nationalist passions | serbia rules | . however , the balance of power changed in international relations : in [[ italy ]] and [[ germany ]] , [[ fascism | fascists ]] and [[ nazism | nazis | ||
| 90579931 | 0 | bosnia and herzegovina ]] * [[ croatia ]] * [[ montenegro ]] * [[ republic of macedonia ]] * [[ serbia ]] * [[ slovenia ]] the first former yugoslav republic | that joined | to join | the [[ european union ]] was slovenia which applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004 . croatia applied for membership in 2003 , and could join before 2010 . | ||
| 91986037 | 5 | ivan meštrović ]] , [[ nikola stojanović ]] and others , from south slavic lands under the habsburg empire , fled to london where they began work on forming yugoslav committee | and | . | their mission was to represent the south slavs of the empire . they chose london as their headquarters . = = = the yugoslav committee = = = the [[ yugoslav | ||
| 6 | south slavic lands under the habsburg empire , fled to london where they began work on forming yugoslav committee and their mission was to represent the south slavs of the empire | . | , and | they chose london as their headquarters . = = = the yugoslav committee = = = the [[ yugoslav committee ]] ( ' ' jugoslavenski odbor ' ' ) was officially | |||
| 8 | were able to make their views known to the allied governments , which began to take them increasingly seriously , especially as the fate of [[ austro - hungarian empire ]] | looked | became | more uncertain . while the committee ' s basic aim was the unification of the habsburg south slav lands with serbia ( which was independent at the time ) , its | |||
| 18 | a national council of slovenes , croats and serbs took power in zagreb on [[ 6 october ]] [[ 1918 ]] . on [[ 29 october ]] , the croatian sabor | ( | or parliament declared independence and vested its sovereignty in the new [[ state of slovenes , croats and serbs ]] . the yugoslav committee was given the task of representing the | ||||
| 19 | council of slovenes , croats and serbs took power in zagreb on [[ 6 october ]] [[ 1918 ]] . on [[ 29 october ]] , the croatian sabor or parliament | ) | declared independence and vested its sovereignty in the new [[ state of slovenes , croats and serbs ]] . the yugoslav committee was given the task of representing the new state | ||||
| 35 | ( which started in 1914 ) , a number of prominent political figures , including [[ ante trumbić ]] , [[ ivan meštrović ]] , [[ nikola stojanović ]] and others | , | from south slavic lands under the habsburg empire , fled to london where they began work on forming yugoslav committee and their mission was to represent the south slavs of the | ||||
| 92352046 | 0 | , while [[ nikola pašić ]] ( prime minister of serbia ) , seeing in this a " croat army " , wanted them to fight under the serbian flag . | = = = corfu agreement = = = during june and july 1917 , the yugoslav committee met with the serbian government in corfu and on [[ 20 july ]] a declaration that laid the foundation for the post - war state was issued . the preamble stated that the serbs , croats and slovenes were " the same by blood , by language , by the feelings of their unity , by the continuity and integrity of the territory which they inhabit undividedly , and by the common vital interests of their national survival and manifold development of their moral and material life " . the future state was to be called the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes and was to be a constitutional monarchy under the karađorđević dynasty . | what are you doing ? | = = = the unification of slovenes , croats and serbs = = = as the habsburg empire dissolved , a national council of slovenes , croats and serbs took power | ||
| 92352127 | 0 | , while [[ nikola pašić ]] ( prime minister of serbia ) , seeing in this a " croat army " , wanted them to fight under the serbian flag . | what are you doing ? | = = = corfu agreement = = = during june and july 1917 , the yugoslav committee met with the serbian government in corfu and on [[ 20 july ]] a declaration that laid the foundation for the post - war state was issued . the preamble stated that the serbs , croats and slovenes were " the same by blood , by language , by the feelings of their unity , by the continuity and integrity of the territory which they inhabit undividedly , and by the common vital interests of their national survival and manifold development of their moral and material life " . the future state was to be called the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes and was to be a constitutional monarchy under the karađorđević dynasty . | = = = the unification of slovenes , croats and serbs = = = as the habsburg empire dissolved , a national council of slovenes , croats and serbs took power | ||
| 92352150 | 1 | , while [[ nikola pašić ]] ( prime minister of serbia ) , seeing in this a " croat army " , wanted them to fight under the serbian flag . | = = = corfu agreement = = = during june and july 1917 , the yugoslav committee met with the serbian government in corfu and on [[ 20 july ]] a declaration that laid the foundation for the post - war state was issued . the preamble stated that the serbs , croats and slovenes were " the same by blood , by language , by the feelings of their unity , by the continuity and integrity of the territory which they inhabit undividedly , and by the common vital interests of their national survival and manifold development of their moral and material life " . the future state was to be called the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes and was to be a constitutional monarchy under the karađorđević dynasty . | what are you doing ? | = = = the unification of slovenes , croats and serbs = = = as the habsburg empire dissolved , a national council of slovenes , croats and serbs took power | ||
| 92352327 | 1 | , while [[ nikola pašić ]] ( prime minister of serbia ) , seeing in this a " croat army " , wanted them to fight under the serbian flag . | what are you doing ? | = = = corfu agreement = = = during june and july 1917 , the yugoslav committee met with the serbian government in corfu and on [[ 20 july ]] a declaration that laid the foundation for the post - war state was issued . the preamble stated that the serbs , croats and slovenes were " the same by blood , by language , by the feelings of their unity , by the continuity and integrity of the territory which they inhabit undividedly , and by the common vital interests of their national survival and manifold development of their moral and material life " . the future state was to be called the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes and was to be a constitutional monarchy under the karađorđević dynasty . | = = = the unification of slovenes , croats and serbs = = = as the habsburg empire dissolved , a national council of slovenes , croats and serbs took power | ||
| 98954754 | 9 | vote ' ' " , which would empower the majority population , the [[ serbs ]] . in turn , the slovenians , supported by croatians , sought to reform yugoslavia | as to devolve power | by devolving | even more to republics , but were voted down . as a result , the slovenian , and eventually croatian delegation left the congress , and the all - yugoslav communist | ||
| 12 | with austria and italy taking down the [[ flag of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | yugoslav ]] and raising the [[ flag of slovenia | slovenian flag ]] . | the | following day ( [[ june 26 ]] ) , the federal executive council speifically ordered the army to take control of the internationally recognized borders . the [[ yugoslav people ' | ||||
| 15 | back under croatian jurisdiction . in some places , the yugoslav army acted as a buffer zone , in others it was protecting the serbs from new croatian army disguised as | a | police force . [[ image : former yugoslavia wartime . png | 300px | thumb | right | war in former yugoslavia . ]] [[ image : former yugoslavia 2006 . | ||||
| 17 | september 1991 , the [[ republic of macedonia ]] also declared independence illegaly , becoming the only former republic to gain sovereignty without resistance from the belgrade based yugoslav authorities . | 500 | five hundred | u . s . soldiers were then deployed under the u . n . banner to monitor macedonia ' s northern borders with the republic of serbia , yugoslavia . macedonia | |||
| 102048114 | 3 | | [[ croatia ]] . }} {{ legend | # 800080 | [[ republic of macedonia ]] . }} {{ legend | # 008000 | [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] . | }} {{ legend | # 8080ff | [[ federation of bosnia and herzegovina ]] . }} {{ legend | # ff80ff | [[ republika srpska ]] . }} {{ legend | # 00fefe | [[ brčko district ]] . }} {{ legend | # c00000 | [[ kosovo ]] . }} {{ legend | # d3ae3b | [[ montenegro ]] . }} ]] | after tito ' s death on [[ may 4 ]] [[ 1980 ]] , [[ ethnic group | ethnic ]] [[ tension ]] s grew in yugoslavia . they all used | |||
| 107220473 | 2 | a state of paralysis , all the more hopeless as the conflict of interests had become irreconcilable . the constitutional crisis that inevitably followed played in favour of slovenia and croatia | and their strongly expressed | made | demands for looser ties within the federation . in 1986 , the [[ serbian academy of sciences and arts ]] drafted a memorandum addressing some burning issues concerning position of [[ | ||
| 4 | a memorandum addressing some burning issues concerning position of [[ serbs ]] as the most numerous people in yugoslavia . although the largest yugoslav republic in territory and population , serbia | had been dispossessed | ' s influence over the regions | of its attributes of statehood by the new 1974 constitution . because its two autonomous provinces had de facto prerogatives of full - fledged republics , serbia found that its hands | |||
| 16 | . the autonomy of [[ vojvodina ]] and of [[ kosovo | kosovo and metohija ]] was reduced , though both entities retained a vote in the yugoslav presidency council . | the very instrument that reduced serbian influence before was now used to increase it : in the eight member council , serbia could now count on four votes minimum - serbia proper , then - loyal montenegro , and even vojvodina and kosovo , provinces in serbia . | as a result , the [[ albanians | ethnic albanian ]] miners in [[ kosovo ]] organized strikes , which dovetailed into ethnic conflict between the albanians and the non - | ||||
| 26 | openly supported albanian miners {{ fact | date = february 2007 }} , and initial strikes turned into widespread demonstrations demanding a kosovo republic . this angered serbia ' s leadership | who | which | proceeded to use police to restrain the violence . as police was insufficient force , the [[ yugoslav people ' s army | federal army ]] was ordered by the yugoslav | |||
| 30 | to use police to restrain the violence . as police was insufficient force , the [[ yugoslav people ' s army | federal army ]] was ordered by the yugoslav presidency | to restore order | council | . in january 1990 , the extraordinary 14th congress of the [[ league of communists of yugoslavia ]] was convened . for most of the time , the slovenian and serbian | |||
| 33 | 1991 , the [[ plitvice lakes incident ]] was one of the first sparks of open war in croatia . the [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] ( jna ) | , whose superior officers were mainly of serbian ethnicity , | maintained an impression of being neutral , but as time went on , it was becoming more and more involved in state politics . on [[ june 25 ]] , [[ | ||||
| 36 | politics . on [[ june 25 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , slovenia and croatia became the first republics to declare [[ independence ]] from yugoslavia . in slovenia , slovenian | people ' s | teritorial | defence ( paramilitary force ) seized the yugoslav border posts with austria and italy taking down the [[ flag of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | yugoslav ]] and raising | |||
| 41 | the [[ austria ]] n [[ orf ( broadcaster ) | orf tv station ]] showed [[ ten - day war # holmec incident | footage ]] of several young yugoslav | army | soldiers at holmec ( border crossing with austria ) , carrying a white cloth and raising their hands in the air , apparently to surrender to the slovenian territorial defence , | ||||
| 42 | [[ austria ]] n [[ orf ( broadcaster ) | orf tv station ]] showed [[ ten - day war # holmec incident | footage ]] of several young yugoslav soldiers | at holmec ( border crossing with austria ) , carrying a white cloth and raising their hands in the air , apparently to surrender | surrendering | to the slovenian territorial defence , before gunfire was heard and the troops were seen falling down . however , none were killed in the incident . ceasefire was agreed on | |||
| 48 | breakaway region back under croatian jurisdiction . in some places , the yugoslav army acted as a buffer zone , in others it was protecting the serbs from new croatian army | disguised as a | and their | police force . [[ image : former yugoslavia wartime . png | 300px | thumb | right | war in former yugoslavia . ]] [[ image : former yugoslavia 2006 . | |||
| 107864960 | 12 | elsewhere , tensions were running high . in the same month , the [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] ( ' ' jugoslovenska narodna armija , jna ' ' ) | , which was in the hands of ethnic serbs and montenegrins , | met with the presidency of yugoslavia in an attempt to get them to declare a [[ state of emergency ]] which would allow for the army to take control of the | |||
| 107899114 | 9 | of dealing with the yugoslav army ' s officers stationed in croatian cities . in march 1990 , during the demonstrations in [[ split ]] ( croatia ) , a yugoslav | army soldier drove a tank through the mass and | ]] conscript | was pushed off the tank after . {{ fact | date = february 2007 }} also guns were fired from army bases throughout croatia . elsewhere , tensions were running high | ||
| 29 | army bases throughout croatia . elsewhere , tensions were running high . the [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] ( ' ' jugoslovenska narodna armija , jna ' ' ) | , which was in the hands of ethnic serbs and montenegrins , | met with the presidency council in an attempt to get them to declare a [[ state of emergency ]] which would allow for the army to take control of the country | ||||
| 109408110 | 0 | on the [[ federal republic of yugoslavia | territory of the two remaining republics ]] of [[ serbia ]] ( including the autonomous provinces of [[ vojvodina ]] and [[ kosovo | and metohija | ]] ) and [[ montenegro ]] . the union of [[ serbia and montenegro ]] was formed on [[ february 4 ]] , [[ 2003 ]] and officially abolished the name | |||
| 110042365 | 2 | southern slavic state = = = the first idea of a state for all south slavs emerged in the late 17th century , a product of visionary thinking of croat writers | < small > | and philosophers who believed that the only way for southern slavs to regain lost freedom after centuries of occupation under the [[ austro - hungarian empire ]] and [[ ottoman empire | |||
| 110043742 | 4 | = = = the first idea of a state for all south slavs emerged in the late 17th century , a product of ' ' ' visionary thinking of croat writers | < small > | and philosophers who believed that the only way for southern slavs to regain lost freedom after centuries of occupation under the [[ austro - hungarian empire ]] and [[ ottoman empire | |||
| 110340242 | 6 | of croat writers and philosophers who believed that the only way for southern slavs to regain lost freedom after centuries of occupation under the [[ austro - hungarian empire ]] and | [[ ottoman empire ]] would be to unite and free themselves of tyrannies and dictatorships . they gave it the name ilirski pokret ( illyric movement ) and gathered many prominent croatian intellectuals and politicians around the new idea , but the movement started gaining large momentum only at the end of the 19th century , mainly because of the harsh policies against freedom movements among occupied southern slavs practiced by austrian and hungarian dictators . as the ottoman empire grew weaker and serbia , bulgaria and greece grew stronger after the [[ berlin congress ]] , hope for sovereignty of the south slavic peoples in the [[ habsburg empire ]] ( austria - hungary ) increased , and the idea of a union between them gained momentum . | " yugoslavia : fact or fantasy ? " " | during the early period of world war i ( which started in 1914 ) , a number of prominent political figures , including [[ ante trumbić ]] , [[ ivan meštrović | ||
| 8 | represent the south slavs of the empire , and they chose london as their headquarters . = = = the yugoslav committee = = = the [[ yugoslav committee ]] ( | ' ' jugoslavenski odbor ' ' | blair , t . " the new - labour manifesto " | ) was officially formed on [[ april 30 ]] , [[ 1915 ]] in [[ london ]] , and began to raise funds , especially among south slavs living in the | |||
| 9 | , and they chose london as their headquarters . = = = the yugoslav committee = = = the [[ yugoslav committee ]] ( ' ' jugoslavenski odbor ' ' ) | furthermore , the latin name for yugoslavia - " comtominus " - is literally translated to mean sub - human slav . this analogy is also evident in the works of the great dictator adolph hitler in his classic " mein kampf " . the above paragraph is an exert from his classical philosophical theory which attempts to represent the common belief that the hapsburg empire | was officially formed on [[ april 30 ]] , [[ 1915 ]] in [[ london ]] , and began to raise funds , especially among south slavs living in the americas | ||||
| 14 | [[ london ]] , and began to raise funds , especially among south slavs living in the americas . because of their stature , the members of the yugoslav committee were | able to make their views known to the allied governments | every animal at a time where animals | , which began to take them more seriously as the fate of [[ austro - hungarian empire ]] became more uncertain . while the committee ' s basic aim was the | |||
| 111867936 | 2 | main article : [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ' ' [[ image : sfryugoslavianumbered . png | thumb | 200px | right | numbered map of yugoslav republics and | provinces . ]] on [[ january 31 ]] , [[ 1946 ]] the new [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution ]] of [[ federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ]] , modeling the [[ soviet union ]] , established six socialist republics , | fuckin fucked 24 hours | a socialist autonomous province , and a socialist autonomous district that were part of sr serbia . the federal capital was [[ belgrade ]] . republics and provinces were ( in | ||
| 4 | obavještajna služba ' ' ) showed a [[ špegelj tapes | video of a secret meeting ]] between croatian defence minister martin špegelj and two men . špegelj announced that they | were at war with the army and gave instructions about arms smuggling as well as methods of dealing with the yugoslav army ' s officers stationed in croatian cities | could get free porn | . in march 1990 , during the demonstrations in [[ split ]] ( croatia ) , a young [[ yugoslavs | yugoslav ]] conscript was pushed off the tank after driving | |||
| 112621417 | 0 | location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( ' ' jugoslavija ' ' in | latin | [[ south slavic latinic transliterations | latinic ]] | , југославија in [[ cyrillic ]] , [[ english language | english ]] : " land of the [[ south slavs ]] " ) describes four political entities that existed one | ||
| 115465480 | 15 | the first generation offspring of such marriages have difficulties with ethnic identification . this gave the rise to a statistical category of yugoslav ethnic determination used under yugoslavia . now the | offspring | children | of mixed marriages has to either take up one of the parent ' s ethnicities or declare as undecided . remembrance of the times of the joint state and its perceived | ||
| 115750122 | 4 | ]] ]] the nov initiated a [[ guerrilla warfare | guerrilla ]] campaign which was developed into the largest resistance army in occupied western and central europe . the chetniks initially | made notable incursions and | were supported by the exiled royal government as well as the [[ allies ]] , but were soon restrained from taking wider actions due to german reprisals against the serb civilian | |||
| 115837604 | 1 | ]] ]] the nov initiated a [[ guerrilla warfare | guerrilla ]] campaign which was developed into the largest resistance army in occupied western and central europe . the chetniks initially | made notable incursions and | were supported by the exiled royal government as well as the [[ allies ]] , but they soon started to collaborate with nazis . for every killed soldier , the germans | |||
| 118398185 | 0 | restore pre - 1974 serbian sovereignty . other republics , especially slovenia and croatia , denounced this move as a revival of great serbian [[ hegemony | hegemonism ]] . milošević | succeded | succeeded | in reducing the autonomy of [[ vojvodina ]] and of [[ kosovo | kosovo and metohija ]] , but both entities retained a vote in the yugoslav presidency council . the | ||
| 1 | politics . on [[ june 25 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , slovenia and croatia became the first republics to declare [[ independence ]] from yugoslavia . in slovenia , slovenian | teritorial | territorial | defence ( ' ' teritorialna obramba ' ' , a paramilitary organization ) seized the yugoslav border posts with austria and italy taking down the [[ flag of the socialist federal | |||
| 120842090 | 0 | on the [[ federal republic of yugoslavia | territory of the two remaining republics ]] of [[ serbia ]] ( including the autonomous provinces of [[ vojvodina ]] and [[ kosovo | and metohija | ]] ) and [[ montenegro ]] . the union of [[ serbia and montenegro ]] was formed on [[ february 4 ]] , [[ 2003 ]] and officially abolished the name | |||
| 125725649 | 16 | = = following this , [[ alexander i of yugoslavia | king alexander i ]] banned national political parties in 1929 , assumed executive power and renamed the country yugoslavia . | he | jews | hoped to curb separatist tendencies and mitigate nationalist passions . however , alexander ' s policies soon ran into the obstacle of opposition from other european powers due to developments in | ||
| 126230150 | 1 | milosevic - 1 . jpg | thumb | [[ slobodan milošević ]] ]] serbian [[ communist ]] leader [[ slobodan milošević ]] sought to restore pre - 1974 serbian sovereignty . | other republics , especially slovenia and croatia , denounced this move as a revival of great serbian [[ hegemony | hegemonism ]] . milošević succeeded in reducing the autonomy of [[ vojvodina ]] and of [[ kosovo | kosovo and metohija ]] , but both entities retained a vote in the yugoslav presidency council . the very instrument that reduced serbian influence before was now used to increase it : in the eight member council , serbia could now count on four votes minimum - serbia proper , then - loyal montenegro , and even vojvodina and kosovo , provinces in serbia . as a result of these events , the [[ albanian | ethnic albanian ]] miners in [[ kosovo ]] organized strikes , which dovetailed into ethnic conflict between the albanians and the non - albanians in the province . at 77 % of the [[ demographic history of kosovo # 1968 - 1989 : autonomy | population of kosovo in the 1980s ]] , ethnic - albanians were the majority . the number of [[ slavs ]] in kosovo ( mainly serbs ) was falling fast due to several reasons , among them being the ever increasing ethnic tensions , and by [[ 1999 ]] they formed as little as 10 % of the total population . meanwhile [[ slovenia ]] , under the presidency of [[ milan kučan ]] , and [[ croatia ]] supported albanian miners and their struggle for formal recognition {{ fact | date = february 2007 }} . initial strikes turned into widespread demonstrations demanding a kosovo republic . this angered serbia ' s leadership which proceeded to use police force , and later even the [[ yugoslav people ' s army | federal army ]] was sent to the province by the order of the serbia - held majority in the yugoslav presidency council . in january 1990 , the extraordinary 14th congress of the [[ league of communists of yugoslavia ]] was convened . for most of the time , the slovenian and serbian delegations were arguing over the future of the league of communists and yugoslavia . the serbian delegation , led by milošević , insisted on a policy of " ' ' one person , one vote ' ' " , which would empower the majority population , the [[ serbs ]] . in turn , the slovenians , supported by croatians , sought to reform yugoslavia by devolving even more power to republics , but were voted down . as a result , the slovenian , and eventually croatian delegation left the congress , and the all - yugoslav communist party was dissolved . following the fall of [[ communism ]] in the rest of [[ eastern europe ]] , each of the republics held multi - party elections in 1990 . the unresolved issues remained . in particular , slovenia and croatia elected governments oriented towards independence ( under [[ milan kučan ]] and [[ franjo tuđman ]] , respectively ) , while [[ serbia ]] and [[ montenegro ]] elected candidates who favoured yugoslav unity . in croatia there was growing advocacy of " ' ' croatian state and historical rights ' ' " , the serbs were stripped of their [[ nation | national ]] and [[ constitution | constitutional ]] rights , thus becoming demoted from a constituent nation of croatia to national minority . following this , the serbs proclaimed the emergence of serbian autonomous areas ( known later as [[ republic of serb krajina ]] ) in croatia . croatia embarked upon the illegal importation of arms , mainly from [[ hungary ]] , and were caught when yugoslav counter intelligence ( ' ' kos , kontra - obavještajna služba ' ' ) showed a [[ špegelj tapes | video of a secret meeting ]] between croatian defence minister martin špegelj and two men . špegelj announced that they were at war with the army and gave instructions about arms smuggling as well as methods of dealing with the yugoslav army ' s officers stationed in croatian cities . in march 1990 , during the demonstrations in [[ split ]] ( croatia ) , a young [[ yugoslavs | yugoslav ]] conscript was pushed off the tank after driving it through people . {{ fact | date = february 2007 }} also guns were fired from army bases through croatia . elsewhere , tensions were running high . in the same month , the [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] ( ' ' jugoslovenska narodna armija , jna ' ' ) met with the presidency of yugoslavia in an attempt to get them to declare a [[ state of emergency ]] which would allow for the army to take control of the country . the representatives of [[ serbia ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ kosovo and metohija ]] , and [[ vojvodina ]] voted for the decision , while all other republics , croatia ( [[ stjepan mesić | stipe mesić ]] ) , slovenia ( [[ janez drnovšek ]] ) , macedonia ( [[ vasil tupurkovski ]] ) and bosnia and hercegovina ( [[ bogić bogićević ]] ) , voted against . the tie delayed an escalation of conflicts , but not for long . following the first multi - party election results , the republics of slovenia and croatia proposed transforming yugoslavia into a loose [[ confederation ]] of six republics in the autumn of 1990 , however [[ slobodan milošević | milošević ]] rejected all such proposals , arguing that like slovenes and croats , the serbs should also have a right to self - determination . on [[ march 9 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] demonstrations were held against slobodan milošević in [[ belgrade ]] , but the police and the military were deployed in the streets to restore order , killing two people . in late march 1991 , the [[ plitvice lakes incident ]] was one of the first sparks of open war in croatia . the [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] ( jna ) , whose superior officers were mainly of serbian ethnicity , maintained an impression of being neutral , but as time went on , they got more and more involved in the state politics . on [[ june 25 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , slovenia and croatia became the first republics to declare [[ independence ]] from yugoslavia . in slovenia , slovenian territorial defence ( ' ' teritorialna obramba ' ' , a paramilitary organization ) seized the yugoslav border posts with austria and italy taking down the [[ flag of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | yugoslav ]] and raising the [[ flag of slovenia | slovenian flag ]] . the following day ( [[ june 26 ]] ) , the federal executive council speifically ordered the army to take control of the internationally recognized borders . the [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] forces , based in barracks in slovenia and croatia , attempted to carry out the task within next 48 hours . however , due to the misinformation given to the yugoslav army conscripts , and the fact that the majority of them did not wish to engage in a war on their home soil , the slovene territorial defence forces retook most of the posts within several days with only minimal loss of life on both sides . there was a suspected incident of a war crime , as the [[ austria ]] n [[ orf ( broadcaster ) | orf tv station ]] showed [[ ten - day war # holmec incident | footage ]] of three yugoslav army soldiers surrendering to the territorial defence , before gunfire was heard and the troops were seen falling down . however , none were killed in the incident . ceasefire was agreed upon . according to the [[ brioni agreement ]] , recognized by representatives of all republics , the international community pressured slovenia and croatia to place a three - month [[ moratorium ]] on their independence . during these three months , the yugoslav army completed its pull - out from slovenia , but in croatia , a bloody [[ war in croatia | war ]] broke out in the autumn of 1991 . ethnic [[ serbs ]] , who had created their own state [[ republic of serbian krajina ]] in heavily serb - populated regions resisted the forces of the republic of croatia who were trying to bring that breakaway region back under croatian jurisdiction . in some places , the yugoslav army acted as a buffer zone , in others it was protecting or aiding serbs in their confrontation with the new croatian army and their police force . [[ image : former yugoslavia wartime . png | 300px | thumb | right | war in former yugoslavia ]] [[ image : former yugoslavia 2006 . png | 300px | thumb | right | countries of former yugoslavia ]] in september 1991 , the [[ republic of macedonia ]] also declared independence , becoming the only former republic to gain sovereignty without resistance from the belgrade - based yugoslav authorities . five hundred u . s . soldiers were then deployed under the u . n . banner to monitor macedonia ' s northern borders with the republic of serbia , yugoslavia . macedonia ' s first president , [[ kiro gligorov ]] , maintained good relations with belgrade and the other breakaway republics and there have to date been no problems between macedonian and serbian border police even though small pockets of kosovo and the [[ preševo ]] valley complete the northern reaches of the historical region known as macedonia , which would otherwise create a border dispute if ever macedonian nationalism should resurface ( ' ' see [[ internal macedonian revolutionary organization | imoro ]] ' ' ) . as a result of the conflict , the [[ united nations security council ]] unanimously adopted [[ un security council resolution 721 ]] on [[ november 27 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , which paved the way to the establishment of [[ peacekeeping ]] operations in yugoslavia . < ref > {{ cite web | url = http : / / www . nato . int / ifor / un / u911127a . htm | title = resolution 721 | date = [[ 1991 - 09 - 25 ]] | work = n . a . t . o . | accessdate = 2006 - 07 - 21 }} < / ref > in [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] in november 1991 , the bosnian serbs held a referendum which resulted in an overwhelming vote in favour of staying in a common state with [[ serbia ]] and [[ montenegro ]] . on [[ january 9 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] the bosnian serb assembly proclaimed a separate " republic of the serb people of bosnia and herzegovina " . the referendum and creation of sars were proclaimed [[ constitutionality | unconstitutional ]] by the government of bosnia and herzegovina , and declared illegal and invalid . however , in february - march 1992 the government held a national referendum on bosnian independence from yugoslavia . that referendum was in turn declared contrary to the bih and federal constitution by the federal constitution court and the newly established bosnian serb government ; it was largely boycotted by the bosnian serbs . the turnout was somewhere between 64 - 67 % and 98 % of the voters voted for independence . it was unclear what the two - thirds majority requirement actually meant and whether it was satisfied {{ fact | date = february 2007 }} . the republic ' s government declared its independence on [[ 5 april ]] , and the serbs immediately declared the independence of republika srpska . the [[ bosnian war | war in bosnia ]] followed shortly thereafter . = = = = the end of the second yugoslavia = = = = various dates are considered as the end of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia : * [[ june 25 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , when croatia and slovenia declared independence * [[ october 8 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , when the [[ july 9 ]] th moratorium on slovenian and croatian secession was ended and croatia restated its independence in croatian parliament ( that day is celebrated as independence day in croatia ) * [[ january 15 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , when slovenia and croatia were internationally recognized by most european countries * [[ april 6 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , full recognition of bosnia and herzegovina ’ s independence by the united states and most european countries * [[ april 28 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , the formation of fry ( see below ) = = federal republic of yugoslavia = = [[ image : yugoslaviamap . png | thumb | 200px | the federal republic of yugoslavia consisted of serbia and montenegro ]] the [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( fry ) was formed on [[ april 28 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , and it consisted of the former socialist republic of serbia and socialist republic of montenegro . the war in the western parts of former yugoslavia ended in 1995 with [[ united states | u . s . ]] - sponsored peace talks in [[ dayton , ohio ]] , which resulted in the so - called [[ dayton agreement ]] . in [[ kosovo ]] , throughout the 1990s , the leadership of the albanian population had been pursuing tactics of non - violent resistance in order to achieve independence for the province . in 1996 , radical albanians formed the [[ kosovo liberation army ]] which carried out armed actions in the southern serbian province . the yugoslav reaction involved the indiscriminate use of force against civilian populations , and caused many ethnic - albanians to flee their homes . following the [[ racak incident ]] and unsuccessful [[ rambouillet agreement ]] in the early months of 1999 , nato proceeded to bombard serbia and montenegro for more than two months , until milošević ' s government submitted to their demands and withdrew its forces from kosovo . see [[ kosovo war ]] for more information . since june 1999 , the province has been governed by peace - keeping forces from nato and [[ russia ]] , although all parties continue to recognize it as a part of serbia . milošević ' s rejection of claims of a first - round opposition victory in new elections for the federal presidency in september 2000 led to mass demonstrations in belgrade on october 5 and the collapse of the regime ' s authority . the opposition ' s candidate , [[ vojislav koštunica ]] took office as yugoslav president on [[ october 6 ]] [[ 2000 ]] . on saturday , [[ march 31 ]] , [[ 2001 ]] , milošević surrendered to yugoslav security forces from his home in belgrade , following a recent warrant for his arrest on charges of abuse of power and corruption . on [[ june 28 ]] he was driven to the yugoslav - bosnian border where shortly after he was placed in the custody of [[ sfor ]] officials , soon to be extradited to the [[ united nations ]] [[ international criminal tribunal for the former yugoslavia ]] . his trial on charges of [[ genocide ]] in bosnia and war crimes in croatia and in kosovo and metohija began at [[ the hague ]] on [[ february 12 ]] , [[ 2002 ]] , and he died there on [[ 11 march ]] , [[ 2006 ]] , while his trial was still ongoing . on [[ april 11 ]] , [[ 2002 ]] , the yugoslav parliament passed a law allowing extradition of all persons charged with war crimes by the international criminal tribunal . in march 2002 , the governments of serbia and montenegro agreed to reform the fry in favour of a new , much weaker form of cooperation called [[ serbia and montenegro ]] . by order of the yugoslav federal parliament on [[ february 4 ]] , [[ 2003 ]] , yugoslavia , at least nominally , ceased to exist . a federal government remained in place in belgrade but assumed largely ceremonial powers . the individual governments of serbia and of montenegro conducted their respective affairs almost as though the two republics were independent . furthermore , customs were established along the traditional border crossings between the two republics . on [[ may 21 ]] , [[ 2006 ]] , 86 percent of eligible montenegrin voters turned out for a special referendum on the independence of montenegro from the state union with serbia . they voted 55 . 5 % in favor of independence , recognised as above the 55 % threshold set by the [[ european union ]] for formal recognition of the independence of montenegro . on [[ june 3 ]] , [[ 2006 ]] , montenegro officially declared its independence , with serbia following suit two days later , effectively dissolving the last vestige of the former yugoslavia . = = further reading = = * hall , brian : the impossible country : a journey through the last days of yugoslavia . penguin books . new york , 1994 * allcock , john b . : explaining yugoslavia . new york : columbia university press , 2000 * chan , adrian : ' ' free to choose : a teacher ' s resource and activity guide to revolution and reform in eastern europe ' ' . stanford , ca : spice , 1991 . ed 351 248 * clark , ramsey : ' ' nato in the balkans : voices of opposition ' ' . international action center , 1998 * cohen , lenard j . : ' ' broken bonds : the disintegration of yugoslavia ' ' . boulder , co : westview press , 1993 * conversi , daniele : " german - bashing and the breakup of yugoslavia " , the donald w . treadgold papers in russian , east european and central asian studies , no . 16 , march 1998 ( university of washington : hmj school of international studies ) http : / / easyweb . easynet . co . uk / conversi / german . html * dragnich , alex n . : ' ' serbs and croats . the struggle in yugoslavia ' ' . new york : harcourt brace jovanovich , 1992 * fisher , sharon : ' ' political change in post - communist slovakia and croatia : from nationalist to europeanist ' ' . new york : palgrave macmillan , 2006 * gutman , roy . : ' ' a witness to genocide . the 1993 pulitzer prize - winning dispatches on the " ethnic cleansing " of bosnia ' ' . new york : macmillan , 1993 * harris , judy j . : ' ' yugoslavia today ' ' . southern social studies journal 16 ( fall 1990 ) : 78 - 101 . ej 430 520 * hayden , robert m . : blueprints for a house divided : the constitutional logic of the yugoslav conflicts . ann arbor : university of michigan press , 2000 * jelavich , barbara : ' ' history of the balkans : eighteenth and nineteenth centuries ' ' , volume 1 . new york : american council of learned societies , 1983 ed 236 093 * jelavich , barbara : ' ' history of the balkans : twentieth century ' ' , volume 2 . new york : american council of learned societies , 1983 . ed 236 094 * johnstone , diana : ' ' fools ’ crusade : yugoslavia , nato , and western delusions ' ' . monthly review press , 2002 * kohlmann , evan f . : ' ' al - qaida ' s jihad in europe : the afghan - bosnian network ' ' berg , new york 2004 , isbn 1 - 85973 - 802 - 8 ; isbn 1 - 85973 - 807 - 9 * silber , laura and allan little : " yugoslavia : death of a nation . " new york : penguin books , 1997 * owen , david : ' ' balkan odyssey ' ' harcourt ( harvest book ) , 1997 * sacco , joe : ' ' safe area gorazde : the war in eastern bosnia 1992 - 1995 ' ' . fantagraphics books , january , 2002 * [[ rebecca west | west , rebecca ]] : ' ' black lamb and gray falcon : a journey through yugoslavia ' ' . viking , 1941 * white t . another fool in the balkans - in the footsteps of rebecca west . cadogan guides , london , 2006 * misha glenny : ' ' the fall of yugoslavia : the third balkan war ' ' , isbn 0 - 14 - 026101 - x * [ http : / / www . time . com / time / magazine / article / 0 , 9171 , 796967 , 00 . html new power ] = = legacy = = = = = new states = = = the present - day countries created from the former parts of yugoslavia are : * [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] * [[ croatia ]] * [[ montenegro ]] * [[ republic of macedonia ]] * [[ serbia ]] * [[ slovenia ]] [[ kosovo ]] ( ' ' kosovo ' ' in [[ serbian language | serbian ]] ; ' ' [[ kosova ]] ' ' in [[ albanian language | albanian ]] ) , a province in southern serbia , is a de - facto [[ protectorate ]] of the [[ united nations | un ]] since [[ 1999 ]] . the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , which applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004 . croatia applied for membership in 2003 , and could join before 2010 . republic of macedonia applied in 2004 , and will probably join by 2010 – 2015 . the remaining three republics have yet to apply so their acceptance generally isn ' t expected before 2015 . these states are signatiories of various partnership agreements with the european union . since [[ january 1 ]] [[ 2007 ]] they have been encircled by member - states of eu . ' ' see also : [[ enlargement of the european union ]] ' ' . = = = remaining cultural and ethnic ties = = = the similarity of the languages and the long history of common life have left many ties among the peoples of the new states , even though the individual state policies of the new states favour differentiation , particularly in language . once , the [[ serbo - croatian language ]] was officially considered a unique language , with several literary and spoken variants and also was the lingua - franca used where other languages dominated ( [[ slovenia ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] and [[ kosovo ]] ) . now , separate standards exist for [[ bosnian language ]] , [[ croatian language ]] and the [[ serbian language ]] . many mixed marriages exist . the first - generation children of such marriages have difficulty with ethnic identification . this gave rise to the statistical category of yugoslav ethnic determination used under yugoslavia . now , the children of mixed marriages have either to assume the ethnic identity of one parent or declare him or herself as undecided . remembrance of the time of the joint state and its perceived positive attributes is referred to as [[ yugonostalgy ]] ( jugonostalgija ) . in most of the contemporary independent states yugonostalgic sentiments are considered improper . = = miscellaneous = = * [[ asteroid ]] [[ 1554 yugoslavia ]] was discovered by [[ milorad b . protić ]] and named after yugoslavia . = = see also = = * [[ history of the balkans ]] * [[ history of europe ]] * [[ yugoslav war ]] * [[ music of yugoslavia ]] {{ yug - timeline }} = = references = = < references / > * {{ loc }} – [ http : / / lcweb2 . loc . gov / frd / cs / yutoc . html yugoslavia ] = = external links = = * [ http : / / www . ericdigests . org / 1995 - 2 / bosnia . htm teaching about conflict and crisis in the former yugoslavia ] * [ http : / / www . ohr . int / ohr - info / maps / maps ] * [ http : / / www . slobodnajugoslavija . com / slobodna jugoslavija ] {{ commons | yugoslavia }} * [ http : / / www . royalfamily . org / the official website of the royal family of serbia ] * [ http : / / vlib . iue . it / history / europe / yugoslavia . html www - vl : history : yugoslavia ] * [ http : / / digital . library . unt . edu / govdocs / crs / search . tkl ? q = yugoslavia & search _ crit = subject & search = search & date1 = anytime & date2 = anytime & type = form congressional research service ( crs ) reports regarding yugoslavia ] * [ http : / / news . bbc . co . uk / go / pr / fr / - / 1 / hi / world / europe / 4997380 . stm timeline : break - up of yugoslavia at bbc news ] {{ see also | kingdom of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ category : yugoslavia | ]] [[ category : former countries in the balkans ]] [[ category : former countries in europe ]] [[ category : former slavic countries ]] {{ link fa | no }} [[ ar : يوغوسلافيا ]] [[ be : югаславія ]] [[ br : yougoslavia ]] [[ bg : югославия ]] [[ ca : iugoslàvia ]] [[ cs : jugoslávie ]] [[ cy : iwgoslafia ]] [[ da : jugoslavien ]] [[ de : jugoslawien ]] [[ eo : jugoslavio ]] [[ et : jugoslaavia ]] [[ el : γιουγκοσλαβία ]] [[ es : yugoslavia ]] [[ fa : یوگوسلاوی ]] [[ fr : yougoslavie ]] [[ gl : iugoslavia - југославија ]] [[ ko : 유고슬라비아 ]] [[ hsb : juhosłowjanska ]] [[ hr : jugoslavija ]] [[ io : yugoslavia ]] [[ id : yugoslavia ]] [[ is : júgóslavía ]] [[ it : jugoslavia ]] [[ he : יוגוסלביה ]] [[ ka : იუგოსლავია ]] [[ sw : yugoslavia ]] [[ la : iugoslavia ]] [[ lv : dienvidslāvija ]] [[ hu : jugoszlávia ]] [[ mk : југославија ]] [[ nl : joegoslavië ]] [[ ja : ユーゴスラビア ]] [[ no : jugoslavia ]] [[ pl : jugosławia ]] [[ pt : jugoslávia ]] [[ ro : iugoslavia ]] [[ ru : югославия ]] [[ simple : yugoslavia ]] [[ sk : juhoslávia ]] [[ sl : jugoslavija ]] [[ sr : југославија ]] [[ fi : jugoslavia ]] [[ sv : jugoslavien ]] [[ th : ยูโกสลาเวีย ]] [[ vi : nam tư ]] [[ tr : yugoslavya ]] [[ uk : юґославія ]] [[ zh : 南斯拉夫 ]] | oth | |||
| 126230337 | 1 | milosevic - 1 . jpg | thumb | [[ slobodan milošević ]] ]] serbian [[ communist ]] leader [[ slobodan milošević ]] sought to restore pre - 1974 serbian sovereignty . | oth | other republics , especially slovenia and croatia , denounced this move as a revival of great serbian [[ hegemony | hegemonism ]] . milošević succeeded in reducing the autonomy of [[ vojvodina ]] and of [[ kosovo | kosovo and metohija ]] , but both entities retained a vote in the yugoslav presidency council . the very instrument that reduced serbian influence before was now used to increase it : in the eight member council , serbia could now count on four votes minimum - serbia proper , then - loyal montenegro , and even vojvodina and kosovo , provinces in serbia . as a result of these events , the [[ albanian | ethnic albanian ]] miners in [[ kosovo ]] organized strikes , which dovetailed into ethnic conflict between the albanians and the non - albanians in the province . at 77 % of the [[ demographic history of kosovo # 1968 - 1989 : autonomy | population of kosovo in the 1980s ]] , ethnic - albanians were the majority . the number of [[ slavs ]] in kosovo ( mainly serbs ) was falling fast due to several reasons , among them being the ever increasing ethnic tensions , and by [[ 1999 ]] they formed as little as 10 % of the total population . meanwhile [[ slovenia ]] , under the presidency of [[ milan kučan ]] , and [[ croatia ]] supported albanian miners and their struggle for formal recognition {{ fact | date = february 2007 }} . initial strikes turned into widespread demonstrations demanding a kosovo republic . this angered serbia ' s leadership which proceeded to use police force , and later even the [[ yugoslav people ' s army | federal army ]] was sent to the province by the order of the serbia - held majority in the yugoslav presidency council . in january 1990 , the extraordinary 14th congress of the [[ league of communists of yugoslavia ]] was convened . for most of the time , the slovenian and serbian delegations were arguing over the future of the league of communists and yugoslavia . the serbian delegation , led by milošević , insisted on a policy of " ' ' one person , one vote ' ' " , which would empower the majority population , the [[ serbs ]] . in turn , the slovenians , supported by croatians , sought to reform yugoslavia by devolving even more power to republics , but were voted down . as a result , the slovenian , and eventually croatian delegation left the congress , and the all - yugoslav communist party was dissolved . following the fall of [[ communism ]] in the rest of [[ eastern europe ]] , each of the republics held multi - party elections in 1990 . the unresolved issues remained . in particular , slovenia and croatia elected governments oriented towards independence ( under [[ milan kučan ]] and [[ franjo tuđman ]] , respectively ) , while [[ serbia ]] and [[ montenegro ]] elected candidates who favoured yugoslav unity . in croatia there was growing advocacy of " ' ' croatian state and historical rights ' ' " , the serbs were stripped of their [[ nation | national ]] and [[ constitution | constitutional ]] rights , thus becoming demoted from a constituent nation of croatia to national minority . following this , the serbs proclaimed the emergence of serbian autonomous areas ( known later as [[ republic of serb krajina ]] ) in croatia . croatia embarked upon the illegal importation of arms , mainly from [[ hungary ]] , and were caught when yugoslav counter intelligence ( ' ' kos , kontra - obavještajna služba ' ' ) showed a [[ špegelj tapes | video of a secret meeting ]] between croatian defence minister martin špegelj and two men . špegelj announced that they were at war with the army and gave instructions about arms smuggling as well as methods of dealing with the yugoslav army ' s officers stationed in croatian cities . in march 1990 , during the demonstrations in [[ split ]] ( croatia ) , a young [[ yugoslavs | yugoslav ]] conscript was pushed off the tank after driving it through people . {{ fact | date = february 2007 }} also guns were fired from army bases through croatia . elsewhere , tensions were running high . in the same month , the [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] ( ' ' jugoslovenska narodna armija , jna ' ' ) met with the presidency of yugoslavia in an attempt to get them to declare a [[ state of emergency ]] which would allow for the army to take control of the country . the representatives of [[ serbia ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ kosovo and metohija ]] , and [[ vojvodina ]] voted for the decision , while all other republics , croatia ( [[ stjepan mesić | stipe mesić ]] ) , slovenia ( [[ janez drnovšek ]] ) , macedonia ( [[ vasil tupurkovski ]] ) and bosnia and hercegovina ( [[ bogić bogićević ]] ) , voted against . the tie delayed an escalation of conflicts , but not for long . following the first multi - party election results , the republics of slovenia and croatia proposed transforming yugoslavia into a loose [[ confederation ]] of six republics in the autumn of 1990 , however [[ slobodan milošević | milošević ]] rejected all such proposals , arguing that like slovenes and croats , the serbs should also have a right to self - determination . on [[ march 9 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] demonstrations were held against slobodan milošević in [[ belgrade ]] , but the police and the military were deployed in the streets to restore order , killing two people . in late march 1991 , the [[ plitvice lakes incident ]] was one of the first sparks of open war in croatia . the [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] ( jna ) , whose superior officers were mainly of serbian ethnicity , maintained an impression of being neutral , but as time went on , they got more and more involved in the state politics . on [[ june 25 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , slovenia and croatia became the first republics to declare [[ independence ]] from yugoslavia . in slovenia , slovenian territorial defence ( ' ' teritorialna obramba ' ' , a paramilitary organization ) seized the yugoslav border posts with austria and italy taking down the [[ flag of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | yugoslav ]] and raising the [[ flag of slovenia | slovenian flag ]] . the following day ( [[ june 26 ]] ) , the federal executive council speifically ordered the army to take control of the internationally recognized borders . the [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] forces , based in barracks in slovenia and croatia , attempted to carry out the task within next 48 hours . however , due to the misinformation given to the yugoslav army conscripts , and the fact that the majority of them did not wish to engage in a war on their home soil , the slovene territorial defence forces retook most of the posts within several days with only minimal loss of life on both sides . there was a suspected incident of a war crime , as the [[ austria ]] n [[ orf ( broadcaster ) | orf tv station ]] showed [[ ten - day war # holmec incident | footage ]] of three yugoslav army soldiers surrendering to the territorial defence , before gunfire was heard and the troops were seen falling down . however , none were killed in the incident . ceasefire was agreed upon . according to the [[ brioni agreement ]] , recognized by representatives of all republics , the international community pressured slovenia and croatia to place a three - month [[ moratorium ]] on their independence . during these three months , the yugoslav army completed its pull - out from slovenia , but in croatia , a bloody [[ war in croatia | war ]] broke out in the autumn of 1991 . ethnic [[ serbs ]] , who had created their own state [[ republic of serbian krajina ]] in heavily serb - populated regions resisted the forces of the republic of croatia who were trying to bring that breakaway region back under croatian jurisdiction . in some places , the yugoslav army acted as a buffer zone , in others it was protecting or aiding serbs in their confrontation with the new croatian army and their police force . [[ image : former yugoslavia wartime . png | 300px | thumb | right | war in former yugoslavia ]] [[ image : former yugoslavia 2006 . png | 300px | thumb | right | countries of former yugoslavia ]] in september 1991 , the [[ republic of macedonia ]] also declared independence , becoming the only former republic to gain sovereignty without resistance from the belgrade - based yugoslav authorities . five hundred u . s . soldiers were then deployed under the u . n . banner to monitor macedonia ' s northern borders with the republic of serbia , yugoslavia . macedonia ' s first president , [[ kiro gligorov ]] , maintained good relations with belgrade and the other breakaway republics and there have to date been no problems between macedonian and serbian border police even though small pockets of kosovo and the [[ preševo ]] valley complete the northern reaches of the historical region known as macedonia , which would otherwise create a border dispute if ever macedonian nationalism should resurface ( ' ' see [[ internal macedonian revolutionary organization | imoro ]] ' ' ) . as a result of the conflict , the [[ united nations security council ]] unanimously adopted [[ un security council resolution 721 ]] on [[ november 27 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , which paved the way to the establishment of [[ peacekeeping ]] operations in yugoslavia . < ref > {{ cite web | url = http : / / www . nato . int / ifor / un / u911127a . htm | title = resolution 721 | date = [[ 1991 - 09 - 25 ]] | work = n . a . t . o . | accessdate = 2006 - 07 - 21 }} < / ref > in [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] in november 1991 , the bosnian serbs held a referendum which resulted in an overwhelming vote in favour of staying in a common state with [[ serbia ]] and [[ montenegro ]] . on [[ january 9 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] the bosnian serb assembly proclaimed a separate " republic of the serb people of bosnia and herzegovina " . the referendum and creation of sars were proclaimed [[ constitutionality | unconstitutional ]] by the government of bosnia and herzegovina , and declared illegal and invalid . however , in february - march 1992 the government held a national referendum on bosnian independence from yugoslavia . that referendum was in turn declared contrary to the bih and federal constitution by the federal constitution court and the newly established bosnian serb government ; it was largely boycotted by the bosnian serbs . the turnout was somewhere between 64 - 67 % and 98 % of the voters voted for independence . it was unclear what the two - thirds majority requirement actually meant and whether it was satisfied {{ fact | date = february 2007 }} . the republic ' s government declared its independence on [[ 5 april ]] , and the serbs immediately declared the independence of republika srpska . the [[ bosnian war | war in bosnia ]] followed shortly thereafter . = = = = the end of the second yugoslavia = = = = various dates are considered as the end of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia : * [[ june 25 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , when croatia and slovenia declared independence * [[ october 8 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , when the [[ july 9 ]] th moratorium on slovenian and croatian secession was ended and croatia restated its independence in croatian parliament ( that day is celebrated as independence day in croatia ) * [[ january 15 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , when slovenia and croatia were internationally recognized by most european countries * [[ april 6 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , full recognition of bosnia and herzegovina ’ s independence by the united states and most european countries * [[ april 28 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , the formation of fry ( see below ) = = federal republic of yugoslavia = = [[ image : yugoslaviamap . png | thumb | 200px | the federal republic of yugoslavia consisted of serbia and montenegro ]] the [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( fry ) was formed on [[ april 28 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , and it consisted of the former socialist republic of serbia and socialist republic of montenegro . the war in the western parts of former yugoslavia ended in 1995 with [[ united states | u . s . ]] - sponsored peace talks in [[ dayton , ohio ]] , which resulted in the so - called [[ dayton agreement ]] . in [[ kosovo ]] , throughout the 1990s , the leadership of the albanian population had been pursuing tactics of non - violent resistance in order to achieve independence for the province . in 1996 , radical albanians formed the [[ kosovo liberation army ]] which carried out armed actions in the southern serbian province . the yugoslav reaction involved the indiscriminate use of force against civilian populations , and caused many ethnic - albanians to flee their homes . following the [[ racak incident ]] and unsuccessful [[ rambouillet agreement ]] in the early months of 1999 , nato proceeded to bombard serbia and montenegro for more than two months , until milošević ' s government submitted to their demands and withdrew its forces from kosovo . see [[ kosovo war ]] for more information . since june 1999 , the province has been governed by peace - keeping forces from nato and [[ russia ]] , although all parties continue to recognize it as a part of serbia . milošević ' s rejection of claims of a first - round opposition victory in new elections for the federal presidency in september 2000 led to mass demonstrations in belgrade on october 5 and the collapse of the regime ' s authority . the opposition ' s candidate , [[ vojislav koštunica ]] took office as yugoslav president on [[ october 6 ]] [[ 2000 ]] . on saturday , [[ march 31 ]] , [[ 2001 ]] , milošević surrendered to yugoslav security forces from his home in belgrade , following a recent warrant for his arrest on charges of abuse of power and corruption . on [[ june 28 ]] he was driven to the yugoslav - bosnian border where shortly after he was placed in the custody of [[ sfor ]] officials , soon to be extradited to the [[ united nations ]] [[ international criminal tribunal for the former yugoslavia ]] . his trial on charges of [[ genocide ]] in bosnia and war crimes in croatia and in kosovo and metohija began at [[ the hague ]] on [[ february 12 ]] , [[ 2002 ]] , and he died there on [[ 11 march ]] , [[ 2006 ]] , while his trial was still ongoing . on [[ april 11 ]] , [[ 2002 ]] , the yugoslav parliament passed a law allowing extradition of all persons charged with war crimes by the international criminal tribunal . in march 2002 , the governments of serbia and montenegro agreed to reform the fry in favour of a new , much weaker form of cooperation called [[ serbia and montenegro ]] . by order of the yugoslav federal parliament on [[ february 4 ]] , [[ 2003 ]] , yugoslavia , at least nominally , ceased to exist . a federal government remained in place in belgrade but assumed largely ceremonial powers . the individual governments of serbia and of montenegro conducted their respective affairs almost as though the two republics were independent . furthermore , customs were established along the traditional border crossings between the two republics . on [[ may 21 ]] , [[ 2006 ]] , 86 percent of eligible montenegrin voters turned out for a special referendum on the independence of montenegro from the state union with serbia . they voted 55 . 5 % in favor of independence , recognised as above the 55 % threshold set by the [[ european union ]] for formal recognition of the independence of montenegro . on [[ june 3 ]] , [[ 2006 ]] , montenegro officially declared its independence , with serbia following suit two days later , effectively dissolving the last vestige of the former yugoslavia . = = further reading = = * hall , brian : the impossible country : a journey through the last days of yugoslavia . penguin books . new york , 1994 * allcock , john b . : explaining yugoslavia . new york : columbia university press , 2000 * chan , adrian : ' ' free to choose : a teacher ' s resource and activity guide to revolution and reform in eastern europe ' ' . stanford , ca : spice , 1991 . ed 351 248 * clark , ramsey : ' ' nato in the balkans : voices of opposition ' ' . international action center , 1998 * cohen , lenard j . : ' ' broken bonds : the disintegration of yugoslavia ' ' . boulder , co : westview press , 1993 * conversi , daniele : " german - bashing and the breakup of yugoslavia " , the donald w . treadgold papers in russian , east european and central asian studies , no . 16 , march 1998 ( university of washington : hmj school of international studies ) http : / / easyweb . easynet . co . uk / conversi / german . html * dragnich , alex n . : ' ' serbs and croats . the struggle in yugoslavia ' ' . new york : harcourt brace jovanovich , 1992 * fisher , sharon : ' ' political change in post - communist slovakia and croatia : from nationalist to europeanist ' ' . new york : palgrave macmillan , 2006 * gutman , roy . : ' ' a witness to genocide . the 1993 pulitzer prize - winning dispatches on the " ethnic cleansing " of bosnia ' ' . new york : macmillan , 1993 * harris , judy j . : ' ' yugoslavia today ' ' . southern social studies journal 16 ( fall 1990 ) : 78 - 101 . ej 430 520 * hayden , robert m . : blueprints for a house divided : the constitutional logic of the yugoslav conflicts . ann arbor : university of michigan press , 2000 * jelavich , barbara : ' ' history of the balkans : eighteenth and nineteenth centuries ' ' , volume 1 . new york : american council of learned societies , 1983 ed 236 093 * jelavich , barbara : ' ' history of the balkans : twentieth century ' ' , volume 2 . new york : american council of learned societies , 1983 . ed 236 094 * johnstone , diana : ' ' fools ’ crusade : yugoslavia , nato , and western delusions ' ' . monthly review press , 2002 * kohlmann , evan f . : ' ' al - qaida ' s jihad in europe : the afghan - bosnian network ' ' berg , new york 2004 , isbn 1 - 85973 - 802 - 8 ; isbn 1 - 85973 - 807 - 9 * silber , laura and allan little : " yugoslavia : death of a nation . " new york : penguin books , 1997 * owen , david : ' ' balkan odyssey ' ' harcourt ( harvest book ) , 1997 * sacco , joe : ' ' safe area gorazde : the war in eastern bosnia 1992 - 1995 ' ' . fantagraphics books , january , 2002 * [[ rebecca west | west , rebecca ]] : ' ' black lamb and gray falcon : a journey through yugoslavia ' ' . viking , 1941 * white t . another fool in the balkans - in the footsteps of rebecca west . cadogan guides , london , 2006 * misha glenny : ' ' the fall of yugoslavia : the third balkan war ' ' , isbn 0 - 14 - 026101 - x * [ http : / / www . time . com / time / magazine / article / 0 , 9171 , 796967 , 00 . html new power ] = = legacy = = = = = new states = = = the present - day countries created from the former parts of yugoslavia are : * [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] * [[ croatia ]] * [[ montenegro ]] * [[ republic of macedonia ]] * [[ serbia ]] * [[ slovenia ]] [[ kosovo ]] ( ' ' kosovo ' ' in [[ serbian language | serbian ]] ; ' ' [[ kosova ]] ' ' in [[ albanian language | albanian ]] ) , a province in southern serbia , is a de - facto [[ protectorate ]] of the [[ united nations | un ]] since [[ 1999 ]] . the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , which applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004 . croatia applied for membership in 2003 , and could join before 2010 . republic of macedonia applied in 2004 , and will probably join by 2010 – 2015 . the remaining three republics have yet to apply so their acceptance generally isn ' t expected before 2015 . these states are signatiories of various partnership agreements with the european union . since [[ january 1 ]] [[ 2007 ]] they have been encircled by member - states of eu . ' ' see also : [[ enlargement of the european union ]] ' ' . = = = remaining cultural and ethnic ties = = = the similarity of the languages and the long history of common life have left many ties among the peoples of the new states , even though the individual state policies of the new states favour differentiation , particularly in language . once , the [[ serbo - croatian language ]] was officially considered a unique language , with several literary and spoken variants and also was the lingua - franca used where other languages dominated ( [[ slovenia ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] and [[ kosovo ]] ) . now , separate standards exist for [[ bosnian language ]] , [[ croatian language ]] and the [[ serbian language ]] . many mixed marriages exist . the first - generation children of such marriages have difficulty with ethnic identification . this gave rise to the statistical category of yugoslav ethnic determination used under yugoslavia . now , the children of mixed marriages have either to assume the ethnic identity of one parent or declare him or herself as undecided . remembrance of the time of the joint state and its perceived positive attributes is referred to as [[ yugonostalgy ]] ( jugonostalgija ) . in most of the contemporary independent states yugonostalgic sentiments are considered improper . = = miscellaneous = = * [[ asteroid ]] [[ 1554 yugoslavia ]] was discovered by [[ milorad b . protić ]] and named after yugoslavia . = = see also = = * [[ history of the balkans ]] * [[ history of europe ]] * [[ yugoslav war ]] * [[ music of yugoslavia ]] {{ yug - timeline }} = = references = = < references / > * {{ loc }} – [ http : / / lcweb2 . loc . gov / frd / cs / yutoc . html yugoslavia ] = = external links = = * [ http : / / www . ericdigests . org / 1995 - 2 / bosnia . htm teaching about conflict and crisis in the former yugoslavia ] * [ http : / / www . ohr . int / ohr - info / maps / maps ] * [ http : / / www . slobodnajugoslavija . com / slobodna jugoslavija ] {{ commons | yugoslavia }} * [ http : / / www . royalfamily . org / the official website of the royal family of serbia ] * [ http : / / vlib . iue . it / history / europe / yugoslavia . html www - vl : history : yugoslavia ] * [ http : / / digital . library . unt . edu / govdocs / crs / search . tkl ? q = yugoslavia & search _ crit = subject & search = search & date1 = anytime & date2 = anytime & type = form congressional research service ( crs ) reports regarding yugoslavia ] * [ http : / / news . bbc . co . uk / go / pr / fr / - / 1 / hi / world / europe / 4997380 . stm timeline : break - up of yugoslavia at bbc news ] {{ see also | kingdom of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ category : yugoslavia | ]] [[ category : former countries in the balkans ]] [[ category : former countries in europe ]] [[ category : former slavic countries ]] {{ link fa | no }} [[ ar : يوغوسلافيا ]] [[ be : югаславія ]] [[ br : yougoslavia ]] [[ bg : югославия ]] [[ ca : iugoslàvia ]] [[ cs : jugoslávie ]] [[ cy : iwgoslafia ]] [[ da : jugoslavien ]] [[ de : jugoslawien ]] [[ eo : jugoslavio ]] [[ et : jugoslaavia ]] [[ el : γιουγκοσλαβία ]] [[ es : yugoslavia ]] [[ fa : یوگوسلاوی ]] [[ fr : yougoslavie ]] [[ gl : iugoslavia - југославија ]] [[ ko : 유고슬라비아 ]] [[ hsb : juhosłowjanska ]] [[ hr : jugoslavija ]] [[ io : yugoslavia ]] [[ id : yugoslavia ]] [[ is : júgóslavía ]] [[ it : jugoslavia ]] [[ he : יוגוסלביה ]] [[ ka : იუგოსლავია ]] [[ sw : yugoslavia ]] [[ la : iugoslavia ]] [[ lv : dienvidslāvija ]] [[ hu : jugoszlávia ]] [[ mk : југославија ]] [[ nl : joegoslavië ]] [[ ja : ユーゴスラビア ]] [[ no : jugoslavia ]] [[ pl : jugosławia ]] [[ pt : jugoslávia ]] [[ ro : iugoslavia ]] [[ ru : югославия ]] [[ simple : yugoslavia ]] [[ sk : juhoslávia ]] [[ sl : jugoslavija ]] [[ sr : југославија ]] [[ fi : jugoslavia ]] [[ sv : jugoslavien ]] [[ th : ยูโกสลาเวีย ]] [[ vi : nam tư ]] [[ tr : yugoslavya ]] [[ uk : юґославія ]] [[ zh : 南斯拉夫 ]] | |||
| 131419480 | 14 | increase it : in the eight member council , serbia could now count on four votes minimum - serbia proper , then - loyal montenegro , and even vojvodina and kosovo | , provinces in serbia | . as a result of these events , the [[ albanian | ethnic albanian ]] miners in [[ kosovo ]] organized strikes , which dovetailed into ethnic conflict between the albanians | |||
| 133338537 | 0 | | macedonia ]] and [[ kosovo ]] ) . now , separate standards exist for [[ bosnian language ]] , [[ croatian language ]] and the [[ serbian language ]] . | many mixed marriages exist . the first - generation children of such marriages have difficulty with ethnic identification . this gave rise to the statistical category of yugoslav ethnic determination used under yugoslavia . now , the children of mixed marriages have either to assume the ethnic identity of one parent or declare him or herself as undecided . | remembrance of the time of the joint state and its perceived positive attributes is referred to as [[ yugonostalgy ]] ( jugonostalgija ) . in most of the contemporary independent states | |||
| 135155283 | 5 | rights ' ' " , the serbs were stripped of their [[ nation ]] al and [[ constitution ]] al rights , thus becoming demoted from a constituent nation of croatia | to | wouldn ' t accept a status of a | national minority . following this , the serbs proclaimed the emergence of serbian autonomous areas ( known later as [[ republic of serb krajina ]] ) in croatia . croatia embarked | ||
| 135158463 | 4 | to bring that breakaway region back under croatian jurisdiction . in some places , the yugoslav army acted as a buffer zone , in others it was protecting or aiding serbs | with resources and even manpower | in their confrontation with the new croatian army and their police force . [[ image : former yugoslavia wartime . png | 300px | thumb | right | war in former | |||
| 5 | pockets of kosovo and the [[ preševo ]] valley complete the northern reaches of the historical region known as macedonia , which would otherwise create a border dispute if ever macedonian | romantic | nationalism should resurface ( ' ' see [[ internal macedonian revolutionary organization | imoro ]] ' ' ) . as a result of the conflict , the [[ united nations security | ||||
| 135161400 | 4 | yugoslav border posts with austria and italy taking down the [[ flag of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | yugoslav ]] and raising the [[ flag of slovenia | slovenian | flag ]] | before declaring independence | . the following day ( [[ june 26 ]] ) , the federal executive council speifically ordered the army to take control of the internationally recognized borders . the [[ yugoslav | ||
| 7 | based in barracks in slovenia and croatia , attempted to carry out the task within next 48 hours . however , due to the misinformation given to the yugoslav army conscripts | that the federation is under attach by foreign forces | , and the fact that the majority of them did not wish to engage in a war on their home soil , the slovene territorial defence forces retook most of the | ||||
| 10 | houses , a church , civilian airport was bombarded and civilian hangar and airliners inside it , truck drivers on the road ljubljana - zagreb and austrian journalists on ljubljana airport | were killed | . ceasefire was agreed upon . according to the [[ brioni agreement ]] , recognized by representatives of all republics , the international community pressured slovenia and croatia to place a | ||||
| 135165823 | 0 | of the new states , even though the individual state policies of the new states favour differentiation , particularly in language . once , the [[ serbo - croatian language ]] | was officially considered | is linguistically | a unique language , with several literary and spoken variants and also was the lingua - franca used where other languages dominated ( [[ slovenia ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | ||
| 3 | | macedonia ]] and [[ kosovo ]] ) . now , separate standards exist for [[ bosnian language ]] , [[ croatian language ]] and the [[ serbian language ]] . | sfry officially had three official languages along with languages of the minorities which were official in places where the minority lived but in all federal organ only serbo - croatian was used and it was expected from others to use it also . today | remembrance of the time of the joint state and its perceived positive attributes is referred to as [[ yugonostalgy ]] ( jugonostalgija ) . in most of the contemporary independent states | ||||
| 141665990 | 0 | ]] and [[ kosovo ]] ) . now , separate sociolinguistic standards exist for [[ bosnian language ]] , [[ croatian language ]] and the [[ serbian language ]] . sfry | officially | technically | had three official languages along with languages of the minorities which were official in places where the minority lived but in all federal organ only serbo - croatian was used and | ||
| 6 | had three official languages along with languages of the minorities which were official in places where the minority lived but in all federal organ only serbo - croatian was used and | it was | others were | expected from others to use it also . remembrance of the time of the joint state and its perceived positive attributes is referred to as [[ yugonostalgy ]] ( jugonostalgija ) | |||
| 150932203 | 5 | slavic state = = = the first idea of a state for all south slavs emerged in the late 17th century , a product of visionary thinking of croat writers and | philosophers who believed that the only way for southern slavs to regain lost freedom after centuries of occupation under the various empires would be to unite and free themselves of tyrannies and dictatorships . they gave it the name ilirski pokret ( illyric movement ) and gathered many prominent croatian intellectuals and politicians around the new idea , but the movement started gaining large momentum only at the end of | gained prominence in | the 19th century , mainly because of the harsh policies against freedom movements among occupied southern slavs practiced by austrian and hungarian dictators . as the [[ ottoman empire ]] grew | ||
| 7 | of the 19th century , mainly because of the harsh policies against freedom movements among occupied southern slavs practiced by austrian and hungarian dictators . as the [[ ottoman empire ]] | grew weaker and serbia , bulgaria and greece grew stronger after the [[ berlin congress ]] , hope | but ideas | for sovereignty of the south slavic peoples in the [[ habsburg empire ]] ( austria - hungary ) increased , and the idea of a union between them gained momentum . | |||
| 19 | ivan meštrović ]] , [[ nikola stojadinović ]] and others from south slavic lands under the habsburg empire fled to london , where they began work on forming a yugoslav committee | . their mission was | ]] | to represent the south slavs of the empire , and they chose london as their headquarters . = = = the yugoslav committee = = = the [[ yugoslav committee ]] | |||
| 23 | on forming a yugoslav committee . their mission was to represent the south slavs of the empire , and they chose london as their headquarters . = = = the yugoslav | committee = = = the [[ yugoslav committee ]] ( ' ' jugoslavenski odbor ' ' ) was officially formed on [[ april 30 ]] , [[ 1915 ]] in [[ london ]] , and began to raise funds , especially among | or | south slavs living in the americas . because of their stature , the members of the yugoslav committee were able to make their views known to the allied governments , which | |||
| 155255391 | 0 | pushing ahead with the " [[ shock therapy ( economics ) | shock therapy ]] " programme . the few european states with strategic interests in the yugoslav theatre tended to | favour | favor | fragmentation . it would be wrong , of course , to suggest that there were no other , specifically yugoslav , structural flaws which helped to generate the collapse . for | ||
| 158263601 | 0 | autonomous province of [[ vojvodina ]] , with the capital in [[ novi sad ]] # socialist republic of [[ slovenia ]] , with the capital in [[ ljubljana ]] . | it is intresting that macedonia was serbian province after second balcan war in 1913 . | in 1974 , the two provinces of vojvodina and kosovo - metohija ( for the latter had by then been upgraded to the status of a province ) , as well | |||
| 158264224 | 0 | autonomous province of [[ vojvodina ]] , with the capital in [[ novi sad ]] # socialist republic of [[ slovenia ]] , with the capital in [[ ljubljana ]] . | it is intresting that macedonia ( aka old serbia ) was serbian province after second balcan war in 1913 . | in 1974 , the two provinces of vojvodina and kosovo - metohija ( for the latter had by then been upgraded to the status of a province ) , as well | |||
| 158283876 | 0 | germany . the germans proposed that the bosnians hatred for christian [[ serbs ]] would make them into useful allies . however , they did little more than slaughter innocent serbian | civillians | civilians | , and surrendered at first signs of the soviet and vmo liberation of yugoslavia < ref > the ss , hitler ' s instrument of terror . gordon williamson < / | ||
| 158682783 | 0 | independence from yugoslavia . that referendum was in turn declared contrary to the bih and federal constitution by the federal constitution court in belgrade and the newly established bosnian serb government | ; it | . the referendum | was largely boycotted by the bosnian serbs . it is interesting that the federal court in belgrade did not decide on the matter of the referendum of the bosnian serbs . | ||
| 160499655 | 2 | " ( 1946 ) , and the " [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( sfry ) " ( 1963 ) . it disintegrated in the [[ yugoslav wars ]] | , | which followed the secession of most of the constituent elements of sfry . the ' ' ' federal republic of yugoslavia ' ' ' ( fry ) ( [[ april 27 | |||
| 162130369 | 0 | has been governed by peace - keeping forces from nato and [[ russia ]] , although all parties continue to recognize it as a part of serbia . milošević ' s | rejection | poop | of claims of a first - round opposition victory in new elections for the federal presidency in september 2000 led to mass demonstrations in belgrade on october 5 and the collapse | ||
| 165059312 | 9 | nazis ]] organized a resistance movement . those inclined towards supporting the old kingdom of yugoslavia joined the [[ yugoslav army in the fatherland ]] , also known as the chetniks | ( who later openly collaborated with the german occupation forces ) | , a multiethnic , though largely serb , royalist guerilla army led by [[ draža mihajlović | dragoljub " draža " mihailović ]] . those inclined towards supporting the [[ communist | |||
| 165062781 | 5 | policy , declaring [[ serbs ]] , [[ jews ]] and [[ roma ]] the enemies of the state , in what was to become the beginning of the [[ jasenovac | concentration camp | modelled on similar institutions elsewhere ] < ref > http : / / www . jasenovac . org / whatwasjasenovac . php < / ref > . jasenovac concentration camp < | |||
| 165766330 | 0 | 50 & v = & j = & k = u & o = & s = & upit = 940 . 547 . 2 & scrollaction = stranica + 2 | < / ref > | = = = = resistance movements = = = = {{ main | yugoslav people ' s liberation war }} yugoslavs opposing the [[ nazism | nazis ]] organized a resistance | |||
| 167767922 | 0 | collaborated with the german occupation forces ) , a multiethnic , though largely serb , royalist guerilla army led by [[ draža mihajlović | dragoljub " draža " mihailović ]] . | kelsi is the cooles . | those inclined towards supporting the [[ communist party of yugoslavia | communist party ]] ( ' ' komunistička partija ' ' ) , and were against the king , joined the | |||
| 167849099 | 0 | collaborated with the german occupation forces ) , a multiethnic , though largely serb , royalist guerilla army led by [[ draža mihajlović | dragoljub " draža " mihailović ]] . | kelsi is the cooles . | those inclined towards supporting the [[ communist party of yugoslavia | communist party ]] ( ' ' komunistička partija ' ' ) , and were against the king , joined the | |||
| 172686144 | 2 | been pursuing tactics of non - violent resistance in order to achieve independence for the province . in 1996 , radical albanians formed the terrorist organization [[ kosovo liberation army ]] | which carried out armed actions against civilian populations in the southern serbian province | . the yugoslav reaction involved the indiscriminate use of force against civilian populations , and caused many ethnic - albanians to flee their homes . following the [[ racak incident ]] | |||
| 173768457 | 1 | [[ kingdom of yugoslavia # internal divisions | banovinas ]] in 1929 ]] = = = king alexander ' s conquest = = = king [[ alexander i of yugoslavia | | alexander | bingbing bongabonga | i ]] banned national political parties in 1929 , assumed executive power and renamed the country yugoslavia . he hoped to curb separatist tendencies and mitigate nationalist passions . however , | ||
| 173768486 | 1 | kingdom of yugoslavia # internal divisions | banovinas ]] in 1929 ]] = = = king alexander ' s conquest = = = king [[ bingbing bongabonga i of yugoslavia | | bingbing bongabonga | alexander | i ]] banned national political parties in 1929 , assumed executive power and renamed the country yugoslavia . he hoped to curb separatist tendencies and mitigate nationalist passions . however , | ||
| 175941544 | 0 | 1991 ]] , following a referendum the [[ republic of macedonia ]] declared independence * [[ january 15 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , when slovenia and croatia were internationally recognized | by | dfndsnfjhdsjfhsdhfhb fds dfgdsfdfsalfldhfhasjffhihihihiihihihihfhdsjfhbhbdghbfbhbfhdsgfyguyegowufihdsfuwerghdufhyweyruhfus hruv fuhuh fhwfh qrwhroihdsf sf f sdfsasgaduifeu ffygefy safdf fgsayfg yfsdofdbhs bvh ffsadufaouihaoisaohf isao faosfdouashfuihasduf dhf usio fhiudofh asdhfd dfs dfu hby | most european countries * [[ april 6 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , full recognition of [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] ’ s independence by the united states and most european | ||
| 175941635 | 0 | 1991 ]] , following a referendum the [[ republic of macedonia ]] declared independence * [[ january 15 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , when slovenia and croatia were internationally recognized | dfndsnfjhdsjfhsdhfhb fds dfgdsfdfsalfldhfhasjffhihihihiihihihihfhdsjfhbhbdghbfbhbfhdsgfyguyegowufihdsfuwerghdufhyweyruhfus hruv fuhuh fhwfh qrwhroihdsf sf f sdfsasgaduifeu ffygefy safdf fgsayfg yfsdofdbhs bvh ffsadufaouihaoisaohf isao faosfdouashfuihasduf dhf usio fhiudofh asdhfd dfs dfu hby | by | most european countries * [[ april 6 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , full recognition of [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] ’ s independence by the united states and most european | ||
| 179879178 | 0 | the [[ avnoj | anti - fascist council of national liberation of yugoslavia ]] ( ' ' antifašističko vijeće narodnog oslobođenja jugoslavije ' ' ) was convened in [[ bihać ]] | , [[ bosnia ]] | . the council reconvened on [[ november 29 ]] , [[ 1943 ]] , in [[ jajce ]] and established the basis for post - war organisation of the country , | |||
| 1 | antifašističko vijeće narodnog oslobođenja jugoslavije ' ' ) was convened in [[ bihać ]] . the council reconvened on [[ november 29 ]] , [[ 1943 ]] , in [[ jajce | ]] , also in [[ bosnia | ]] and established the basis for post - war organisation of the country , establishing a federation ( this date was celebrated as republic day after the war ) . = | ||||
| 180514253 | 0 | were named after rivers . many politicians were jailed or kept under tight police surveillance . the effect of alexander ' s dictatorship was to further alienate the non - serbs | of | from | the idea of unity . the king was assassinated in [[ marseilles ]] during an official visit to france in 1934 by an experienced [[ vlado chernozemski | marksman ]] from | ||
| 184057204 | 3 | s army capitulated eleven days later . the royal government in exile was recognized and supported by allied forces . in 1943 , the new country called democratic federal yugoslavia was | proclaimed . | in [[ 1946 ]] and the country | the kingdom was officially abolished in 1945 . the ' ' ' [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' ( [[ 29 november ]] , [[ 1943 ]] | ||
| 184269658 | 0 | duchy ) | styria ]] and most of [[ dalmatia ]] from the [[ cisleithania | austrian ]] part , and the crown province of [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] . | yugoslavia is a waste | = = kingdom | of space = = yugoslavia during the second world war = = {{ seealso | participants in world war ii # yugoslavia }} = = = the invasion of yugoslavia = | ||
| 188741805 | 1 | on the [[ federal republic of yugoslavia | territory of the two remaining republics ]] of [[ serbia ]] ( including the autonomous provinces of [[ vojvodina ]] and [[ kosovo | and metohija | ]] ) and [[ montenegro ]] . the union of [[ serbia and montenegro ]] was formed on [[ february 4 ]] , [[ 2003 ]] , and officially abolished the | |||
| 188801104 | 1 | marksman ]] from [[ ivan mihailov | ivan mihailov ' s ]] [[ internal macedonian revolutionary organization ]] in the cooperation of the [[ ustaše ]] , a croatian separatist organization | that pursued [[ nazi ]] policies | . aleksandar was succeeded by his eleven year old son [[ peter ii of yugoslavia | peter ii ]] and a regency council headed by his cousin [[ prince paul of | |||
| 191311667 | 0 | ]] from [[ ivan mihailov | ivan mihailov ' s ]] [[ internal macedonian revolutionary organization ]] in the cooperation of the [[ ustaše ]] , a croatian separatist organization . | aleksandar | alexsandar | was succeeded by his eleven year old son [[ peter ii of yugoslavia | peter ii ]] and a regency council headed by his cousin [[ prince paul of yugoslavia | | ||
| 192041491 | 1 | a single state for all [[ south slavs | south slavic peoples ]] emerged in the late 17th century and gained prominence in the 19th century [[ illyrian movement ]] but | ideas for a unified state did not mature from the conceptual | never came | to practical state of planning . during the early period of [[ world war i ]] , a number of prominent political figures from south slavic lands under the [[ house | ||
| 192115648 | 0 | : autonomy | population of kosovo in the 1980s ]] , ethnic - albanians were the majority . the number of [[ slavs ]] in kosovo ( mainly serbs ) was | falling fast due to | quickly declining for | several reasons , among them being the ever increasing ethnic tensions and subsequent emigration from the area , and by 1999 they formed as little as 10 % of the total | ||
| 192129701 | 1 | of yugoslavia are [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ croatia ]] , the [[ republic of macedonia ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ serbia ]] and [[ slovenia ]] | . | and [[ kosovo ]] | the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' ( [[ 1 december ]] , [[ 1918 ]] & ndash ; [[ november 29 ]] , [[ 1943 | ||
| 192293636 | 1 | yugoslavia are [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ serbia ]] , [[ slovenia ]] | and [[ kosovo ]] | . | the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' ( [[ 1 december ]] , [[ 1918 ]] & ndash ; [[ november 29 ]] , [[ 1943 | ||
| 192455066 | 0 | montenegro ]] * [[ republic of macedonia ]] * [[ serbia ]] * [[ slovenia ]] * [[ kosovo ]] in addition , on 17 february 2008 , [[ kosovo ]] | unilaterally | declared its independence from serbia . the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , which applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004 | |||
| 192523139 | 0 | , [[ 2006 ]] , montenegro officially declared its independence , with serbia following suit two days later , effectively dissolving the last vestige of the former yugoslavia . final kosovo | status is yet to be reached | declared independence in february 2008 | . = = legacy = = = = = new states = = = the present - day countries created from the former parts of yugoslavia are : * [[ bosnia | ||
| 193023632 | 1 | , montenegro and serbia respectively declared their independence , thereby ending the last remnants of the loose agreement . on february 18 , 2008 , kosovo delcared independence form serbia , | without permission of united nations | further dividing the former country and ending yugoslavia altogether . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} the idea for a | |||
| 3 | ) | yugoslav national liberation army ]] ( ' ' narodno oslobodilačka vojska ' ' or nov ) , led by [[ josip broz tito ]] , a croatian national . | chetniks were allies of united states in europe and they saved over 150 american pilots during operation : " vatdušni most " . | |||||
| 193162210 | 1 | , montenegro and serbia respectively declared their independence , thereby ending the last remnants of the loose agreement . on february 18 , 2008 , kosovo delcared independence from serbia , | without permission of united nations | further dividing the former country and ending yugoslavia altogether . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} the idea for a | |||
| 193894652 | 1 | montenegro and serbia respectively declared their independence , thereby ending the last remnants of the loose agreement . on february 18 , 2008 , kosovo unilaterally declared independence from serbia , | further dividing | despite not being in accordance with united nations resolution 1244 making | the former country . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} the idea for a single state for all [[ south | ||
| 193899901 | 2 | montenegro and serbia respectively declared their independence , thereby ending the last remnants of the loose agreement . on february 18 , 2008 , kosovo unilaterally declared independence from serbia , | despite not being in accordance with united nations resolution 1244 making | further dividing | the declaration illegitimate . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} the idea for a single state for all [[ south | ||
| 194198938 | 0 | montenegro and serbia respectively declared their independence , thereby ending the last remnants of the loose agreement . on february 18 , 2008 , kosovo unilaterally declared independence from serbia , | an act not recognized by [[ serbia ]] | further dividing the former country . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} the idea for a single state for all | |||
| 195260112 | 1 | towards supporting the old kingdom of yugoslavia joined the [[ yugoslav army in the fatherland ]] , also known as the chetniks , a multiethnic , though largely serb , royalist | guerilla | guerrilla | army led by [[ draža mihajlović | dragoljub " draža " mihailović ]] . those inclined towards supporting the [[ communist party of yugoslavia | communist party ]] ( ' ' | ||
| 195594690 | 0 | ]] , [[ 2006 ]] , after referendum in montenegro , serbia and montenegro declared their independences * [[ february 17 ]] , [[ 2008 ]] , when [[ kosovo ]] | unilaterally | declared independence from [[ serbia ]] = = federal republic of yugoslavia = = [[ image : yugoslaviamap . png | thumb | 200px | the federal republic of yugoslavia consisted | |||
| 196322761 | 0 | several literary and spoken variants and also was the imposed means of communication used where other languages dominated ( [[ slovenia ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] and | [[ kosovo ]] ) | . now , separate sociolinguistic standards exist for [[ bosnian language ]] , [[ croatian language ]] and the [[ serbian language ]] . sfry technically had three official languages , | |||
| 196685860 | 0 | several literary and spoken variants and also was the imposed means of communication used where other languages dominated ( [[ slovenia ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] and | [[ kosovo ]] ) | . now , separate sociolinguistic standards exist for [[ bosnian language ]] , [[ croatian language ]] and the [[ serbian language ]] . sfry technically had three official languages , | |||
| 197800247 | 1 | {st@rt} i wanna bone yugoslavia | cuz it has | | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ image : locationyugoslavia2 . png | thumb | right | 200px | general location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( " jugoslavija " in the [[ gaj ' s latin alphabet | latin alphabet ]] , " југославија " in [[ cyrillic alphabet | cyrillic ]] ; [[ english language | english ]] : ' ' south slavia ' ' , or literally ' ' the land of [[ south slavs ]] ' ' ) describes three political entities that existed successively on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the [[ 20th century ]] . the nowadays countries that were once part of yugoslavia ( socialist republics ) are [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ serbia ]] and [[ slovenia ]] . [[ kosovo ]] is also partially recognized as | a nice butt in [[ 1956 ]] , the country was renamed to federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia . the parliamentary democracy was suspended and a communist state was | ||
| 199795049 | 3 | macedonia image : flag of montenegro . svg | montenegro image : flag of serbia . svg | serbia image : flag of slovenia . svg | slovenia pending full recognition | is not full recognition | image : flag _ of _ kosovo | . must i declare that i am a billionaire , when i don ' t even have a penny ? < / gallery > = = = remaining cultural and ethnic | ||
| 199795294 | 5 | montenegro . svg | montenegro image : flag of serbia . svg | serbia image : flag of slovenia . svg | slovenia image : flag _ of _ kosovo . | svg | kosovo ( | i ' m sorry , but i can make a " | pending full international recognition ) < / gallery > = = = remaining cultural and ethnic ties = = = the similarity of the languages and the long history of common | ||
| 200573250 | 2 | herzegovina ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ serbia ]] , and [[ slovenia ]] . [[ kosovo ]] | formerly an autonomous province of serbia | is also partially recognized as a new country . the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' ( [[ 1 december ]] , [[ 1918 ]] & | |||
| 3 | ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ serbia ]] , and [[ slovenia ]] . [[ kosovo ]] is | also | a | partially recognized as a new country . the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' ( [[ 1 december ]] , [[ 1918 ]] & ndash ; | |||
| 200599214 | 2 | that existed successively on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the [[ 20th century ]] . the modern countries that were once constituent parts of yugoslavia | ( socialist republics ) that are | , | now independent states are [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ serbia ]] , and | ||
| 4 | herzegovina ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ serbia ]] , and [[ slovenia ]] . [[ kosovo ]] | , | formerly an autonomous province of serbia is a partially recognized state after it also declared its independence in 2008 but was not a socialist republic of the former yugoslavia , it | ||||
| 201109080 | 1 | & ndash ; [[ november 29 ]] , [[ 1943 ]] / [[ 1945 ]] ) , also known as the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia | first yugoslavia ]] , was | a [[ monarchy ]] formed as the | called | " country of slovenes , croats and serbs " re - named " kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes " after [[ world war i ]] and re - named | ||
| 202442282 | 0 | : the impossible country : a journey through the last days of yugoslavia . penguin books . new york , 1994 * allcock , john b . : explaining yugoslavia . | wow ur a dumb beata licker | i love prakhe its very very good | ! new york : columbia university press , 2000 * chan , adrian : ' ' free to choose : a teacher ' s resource and activity guide to revolution and | ||
| 206751541 | 5 | i srba / држава словенаца , хрвата и срба ; [[ slovene ]] : država slovencev , hrvatov in srbov [[ macedonian ]] : кралство на србите , хрватите и словенците | }} | ) . the country was established on 29 october 1918 . it lasted only for a month ; on 1 december 1918 it joined together with the " kingdom of serbia | |||
| 14 | i srba / краљевина словенаца , хрвата и срба ; [[ slovene ]] : kraljevina slovencev , hrvatov in srbov [[ macedonian ]] : кралство на србите , хрватите и словенците | }} | ) . the country was re - named on 3 october 1929 and henceforth it would be called " kingdom of yugoslavia " ( serbo - croatian and slovene ( latin | ||||
| 206782702 | 2 | ]] in the cooperation of the [[ ustaše ]] , a croatian separatist organization . alexsandar was succeeded by his eleven year old son [[ peter ii of yugoslavia | peter | ii ]] | iv ] | and a regency council headed by his cousin [[ prince paul of yugoslavia | prince paul ]] . = = = the 1930s in yugoslavia = = = the international political | ||
| 206785833 | 9 | ]] from [[ ivan mihailov | ivan mihailov ' s ]] [[ internal macedonian revolutionary organization ]] in the cooperation of the [[ ustaše ]] , a croatian separatist organization . | alexsandar | alexandar | was succeeded by his eleven year old son [[ peter iv of yugoslavia | peter iv ] and a regency council and married his cousin [[ prince paul of yugoslavia | | ||
| 206808719 | 0 | | general location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( " jugoslavija " in | the | [[ serbo - croatian language | serbo - croatian ]] ( | [[ gaj ' s latin alphabet | latin alphabet ]] , " југославија " in [[ cyrillic ]] ; [[ english language | english ]] : ' ' south slavia ' | ||
| 17 | south , [[ slovenia ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ serbia ]] and [[ macedonia ]] . [[ kosovo ]] | , formerly an autonomous province of serbia | ) and [[ montenegro ]] . on [[ february 4 ]] | , is a partially recognized state which declared its highly disputed independence in 2008 . it was not a socialist republic of yugoslavia ; it had the status of a socialist | |||
| 32 | ]] . it lasted only for a month ; on 1 december 1918 it joined together with the " kingdom of serbia " ( kraljevina srbija / краљевина србија ) to | form | the " kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes " ( {{ lang - sh | kraljevina slovenaca , hrvata i srba / краљевина словенаца , хрвата и срба }} ; | ||||
| 210757366 | 2 | - time slaughter in which the [[ nazis ]] made use of the earlier serbian oppression to use [[ croatia ]] n [[ fascism ]] for barbarous acts against the serbs | . some bosniak nationalists joined the axis forces | and also exploited anti - serb sentiment amongst the [[ kosovo | kosovar ]] [[ albanians ]] - and some elements in the [[ bosniaks | bosnian muslim ]] population - | |||
| 6 | for barbarous acts against the serbs and also exploited anti - serb sentiment amongst the [[ kosovo | kosovar ]] [[ albanians ]] - and some elements in the [[ bosniaks | | bosnian muslim ]] population - to bolster their rule . there has been one structural element in | and croats . the ethnic violence was only ended when the multiethnic [[ yugoslav partisans ]] took over | the post - world war ii yugoslav state ' s stability : the joint concern of the [[ soviet union | ussr ]] and the [[ united states | usa ]] | |||
| 9 | the [[ bosniaks | bosnian muslim ]] population - to bolster their rule . there has been one structural element in the post - world war ii yugoslav state ' s | rule , though nationalist protests did occur , but these were usually repressed and nationalist leaders were arrested ans some were executed by yugoslav officials . however one protest in croatia in the 1970s , called the " [[ croatian spring ]] " was backed by large numbers of croats who claimed that yugoslavia remained a serb hegemony and demanded that serbia ' s powers be reduced . tito whose home republic was croatia was concerned over the | stability : the joint concern of the [[ soviet union | ussr ]] and the [[ united states | usa ]] to maintain the integrity of yugoslavia as a neutral state | ||||
| 11 | yugoslav state ' s stability : the joint concern of the [[ soviet union | ussr ]] and the [[ united states | usa ]] to maintain the integrity of yugoslavia | as | . this concession satisfied croatia and slovenia , but in serbia and in the new autonomous province of kosovo , reaction was different . serbs saw the new constitution as conceding to croat and ethnic albanian nationalists . ethnic albanians in kosovo saw the creation of an autonomous province as not being enough , and demanded that kosovo become | a neutral state on the frontiers of the super - power confrontation in europe . the economic crisis was the product of disastrous errors by yugoslav governments in the 1970s , | |||
| 12 | ' s stability : the joint concern of the [[ soviet union | ussr ]] and the [[ united states | usa ]] to maintain the integrity of yugoslavia as a | neutral state on | constituent republic with | the frontiers of the super - power confrontation in europe . the economic crisis was the product of disastrous errors by yugoslav governments in the 1970s , borrowing vast amounts of | |||
| 18 | integrity of yugoslavia as a neutral state on the frontiers of the super - power confrontation in europe . the economic crisis was the product of disastrous errors by yugoslav governments | in the 1970s | , borrowing vast amounts of western capital in order to fund growth through exports . western economies then entered recession , blocked yugoslav exports and created a huge debt problem . | ||||
| 212494019 | 1 | and unsuccessful [[ rambouillet agreement ]] in the early months of 1999 , nato proceeded to bombard serbia and montenegro for more than two months , until milošević ' s government | submitted to their demands and | , with russia acting as intermediary . yugoslavia | withdrew its forces from kosovo , resulting in 250 000 serbian and other non - albanian refugees . see [[ kosovo war ]] for more information . since june 1999 , | ||
| 2 | of 1999 , nato proceeded to bombard serbia and montenegro for more than two months , until milošević ' s government submitted to their demands and withdrew its forces from kosovo | , in return for nato retracting their pre - war demand for nato forces to enter serbia | , resulting in 250 000 serbian and other non - albanian refugees . see [[ kosovo war ]] for more information . since june 1999 , the province has been governed | ||||
| 213544859 | 0 | ” ) and civilians mark the beginning of the yugoslav war that inflamed the region . similarly , the attempt to replace yugoslav frontier police by the slovenian police provoked regional | arm | armed | conflicts which finished with minimal number of victims . a similar attempt in bosnia and herzegovina lead to a war that lasted more than 3 years ( see below ) . | ||
| 214707204 | 2 | increase it : in the eight member council , serbia could now count on four votes minimum - serbia proper , then - loyal montenegro , and vojvodina and kosovo . | [[ macedonia ]] was a part of serbia in the past but broke away . . . legally . kosovo broke away illegaly . serbia was having a hard time deciding because serbians say " kosovo je srbija / kosovo is serbia " while the albanians say " happy independence day " ! thus , as a result every country in the world decided if it should be independent or not . america voted independence ! then , it became a independent country because every country thought that america would attack in some way . . . except for [[ russia ]] which voted kosovo is serbia ' s ! serbia and russia have always been close friends ( look - up [[ serbian - russian relations ]] ) ! kosovo je srbija / kosovo is ( rightfully and lawfully ) serbia ' s ! | as a result of these events , the [[ albanians | ethnic albanian ]] miners in [[ kosovo ]] organized strikes , which dovetailed into ethnic conflict between the albanians and | |||
| 3 | [[ communist party of yugoslavia | communist party ]] general secretaries for each republic and province , and the general secretary of central committee of the communist party . josip broz | tito | was the most powerful person in the country , followed by republican and provincial premiers and presidents , and communist party presidents . a wide variety of people suffered from his | ||||
| 214793779 | 0 | of yugoslavia | communist party ]] general secretaries for each republic and province , and the general secretary of central committee of the communist party . josip " tito " broz | tito | was the most powerful person in the country , followed by republican and provincial premiers and presidents , and communist party presidents . a wide variety of people suffered from his | |||
| 4 | increase it : in the eight member council , serbia could now count on four votes minimum - serbia proper , then - loyal montenegro , and vojvodina and kosovo . | [[ macedonia ]] was a part of serbia in the past but broke away . . . legally . kosovo broke away illegaly . serbia was having a hard time deciding because serbians say " kosovo je srbija / kosovo is serbia " while the albanians say " happy independence day " ! thus , as a result every country in the world decided if it should be independent or not . america voted independence ! then , it became a independent country because every country thought that america would attack in some way . . . except for [[ russia ]] which voted kosovo is serbia ' s ! serbia and russia have always been close friends ( look - up [[ serbian - russian relations ]] ) ! kosovo je srbija / kosovo is ( rightfully and lawfully ) serbia ' s ! | as a result of these events , the [[ albanians | ethnic albanian ]] miners in [[ kosovo ]] organized strikes , which dovetailed into ethnic conflict between the albanians and | ||||
| 222532726 | 0 | the [[ yugoslav people ' s army | federal army ]] was sent to the province by the order of the serbia - held majority in the yugoslav presidency council . | in january 1990 , the extraordinary 14th congress of the [[ league of communists of yugoslavia ]] was convened . for most of the time , the slovenian and serbian delegations were arguing over the future of the league of communists and yugoslavia . the serbian delegation , led by milošević , insisted on a policy of " ' ' one person , one vote ' ' " , which would empower the majority population , the [[ serbs ]] . in turn , the slovenes , supported by croats , sought to reform yugoslavia by devolving even more power to republics , but were voted down . as a result , the slovenian , and eventually croatian delegation left the congress , and the all - yugoslav communist party was dissolved . | following the fall of [[ communism ]] in the rest of [[ eastern europe ]] , each of the republics held multi - party elections in 1990 . slovenia and croatia | |||
| 222532762 | 0 | the [[ yugoslav people ' s army | federal army ]] was sent to the province by the order of the serbia - held majority in the yugoslav presidency council . | in january 1990 , the extraordinary 14th congress of the [[ league of communists of yugoslavia ]] was convened . for most of the time , the slovenian and serbian delegations were arguing over the future of the league of communists and yugoslavia . the serbian delegation , led by milošević , insisted on a policy of " ' ' one person , one vote ' ' " , which would empower the majority population , the [[ serbs ]] . in turn , the slovenes , supported by croats , sought to reform yugoslavia by devolving even more power to republics , but were voted down . as a result , the slovenian , and eventually croatian delegation left the congress , and the all - yugoslav communist party was dissolved . | following the fall of [[ communism ]] in the rest of [[ eastern europe ]] , each of the republics held multi - party elections in 1990 . slovenia and croatia | |||
| 225187871 | 1 | abolished the name " yugoslavia . " on [[ june 3 ]] and [[ june 5 ]] , [[ 2006 ]] , [[ montenegro ]] and [[ serbia ]] respectively declared | their independences | independence | , thereby ending the last remnants of a yugoslav state . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} the idea for | ||
| 230032320 | 0 | , after taking over also [[ trieste ]] and parts of [[ austria ]] n southern provinces [[ styria ]] and [[ carinthia ( state ) | carinthia ]] . this | territory extended , more or less , to include ethnically slovene territory and | was territory populated predominantly by [[ italians ]] and [[ slovenes ]] . however , the nov withdrew from trieste in june of the same year . western attempts to reunite | |||
| 230053918 | 2 | , after taking over also [[ trieste ]] and parts of [[ austria ]] n southern provinces [[ styria ]] and [[ carinthia ( state ) | carinthia ]] . this | territory extended , more or less , to include ethnically slovene territory and | was inhabited by [[ slovenes ]] mixed with [[ germans ]] and [[ italians ]] in their respective countries . however , the nov withdrew from trieste in june of the | |||
| 231803887 | 15 | , it was renamed again to the " [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] " ( sfry ) . this was the largest yugoslav state , as [[ istria ]] | was | and [[ rijeka ]] were | added to the new yugoslavia after the end of world war ii . the constituent socialist republics that made up the country , from north to south , were : [[ | ||
| 231804913 | 2 | the nov was able to expel the axis from serbia in 1944 and the rest of yugoslavia in 1945 . the [[ red army ]] aided in liberating [[ belgrade ]] | as well as some other territories , but | and | withdrew after the war was over . in may 1945 , nov met with allied forces outside former yugoslav borders , after taking over also [[ trieste ]] and parts of | ||
| 231807278 | 8 | ) | yugoslav national liberation army ]] ( ' ' narodno oslobodilačka vojska ' ' or nov ) , led by [[ josip broz tito ]] , a croatian national . | chetniks were allies of united states in europe and they saved over 150 american pilots during operation : " vazdušni most " . the nov | the partisans | initiated a [[ guerrilla warfare | guerrilla ]] campaign which was developed into the largest resistance army in occupied western and central europe . the chetniks initially made notable incursions and | ||
| 9 | ]] ]] --> the nov initiated a [[ guerrilla warfare | guerrilla ]] campaign which was developed into the largest resistance army in occupied western and central europe . the chetniks | were | initially made notable incursions and were supported by the exiled royal government as well as the [[ allies ]] , but were soon restrained from taking wider actions because of german | ||||
| 12 | and were supported by the exiled royal government as well as the [[ allies ]] , but were soon restrained from taking wider actions because of german reprisals against the serb | civilian population . for every killed soldier | nationalist militia | , the germans executed 100 civilians , and for each wounded , they killed 50 . regarding the human cost as too high , the chetniks terminated war activities against the | |||
| 29 | ]] --> the nov initiated a [[ guerrilla warfare | guerrilla ]] campaign which was developed into the largest resistance army in occupied western and central europe . the chetniks initially | made notable incursions and were | supported by the exiled royal government as well as the [[ allies ]] , but were soon restrained from taking wider actions because of german reprisals against the serb civilian population | ||||
| 231810308 | 32 | [[ shock therapy ( economics ) | shock therapy ]] " proposal to push yugoslavia towards a capitalist restoration . | in 1989 [[ jeffrey sachs ]] was in yugoslavia helping the federal government under [[ ante marković ]] prepare the imf / [[ world bank group | world bank ]] " | ||||
| 232164911 | 2 | % of total serbian population ) living outside serbia . [[ image : milosevic - 1 . jpg | 250px | right | thumb | [[ slobodan milošević ]] . ]] | [[ image : franjotudman . jpg | 200px | right | thumb | [[ franjo tuđman ]] . ]] [[ image : alijaizetbegovic1 . jpg | 200px | right | thumb | [[ alija izetbegović ]] . ]] | | right | thumb | [[ slobodan milošević ]] . ]] serbian [[ communist ]] leader [[ slobodan milošević ]] sought to restore pre - 1974 serbian sovereignty . other republics | |||
| 232996003 | 0 | = = the present - day countries created from the former parts of yugoslavia are : * [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] * [[ croatia ]] * [[ kosovo ]] ( | only some nations recognize it | status | as an independent country , and the un has not done so ) * [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] * [[ montenegro ]] * [[ serbia ]] * [[ | ||
| 238836023 | 0 | although occupied at the time ) . with the defeat of the [[ central powers ]] in world war i and the collapse of the austro - hungarian empire , various | south slavic | mugungus members ' | territories were quickly grouped together to form the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes which was proclaimed on [[ 1 december ]] [[ 1918 ]] in [[ belgrade ]] . | ||
| 238848404 | 0 | although occupied at the time ) . with the defeat of the [[ central powers ]] in world war i and the collapse of the austro - hungarian empire , various | mugungus members ' | south slavic | territories were quickly grouped together to form the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes which was proclaimed on [[ 1 december ]] [[ 1918 ]] in [[ belgrade ]] . | ||
| 241098556 | 0 | socialist republic of serbia ]] , with the capital in [[ belgrade ]] , which also contained : < br / > 5a . [[ socialist autonomous province of kosovo ]] | and metohija | < br / > 5a . | , with the capital in [[ priština ]] < br / > 5b . [[ socialist autonomous province of vojvodina ]] , with the capital in [[ novi sad ]] # | ||
| 3 | [[ belgrade ]] , which also contained : < br / > 5a . [[ socialist autonomous province of kosovo ]] and metohija , with the capital in [[ priština ]] | < br / > 5b | . [[ socialist autonomous province of vojvodina ]] , with the capital in [[ novi sad ]] # [[ socialist republic of slovenia ]] , with the capital in [[ ljubljana | ||||
| 241485481 | 1 | socialist republic of serbia ]] , with the capital in [[ belgrade ]] , which also contained : < br / > 5a . [[ socialist autonomous province of kosovo ]] | and metohija | , with the capital in [[ priština ]] . in 1974 , the two provinces of vojvodina and kosovo - metohija ( for the latter had by then been upgraded to | |||
| 2 | # [[ socialist republic of slovenia ]] , with the capital in [[ ljubljana ]] . # [[ socialist republic of kosovo ]] , with the capital in [[ priština ]] | < br / > 5b | . in 1974 , the two provinces of vojvodina and kosovo - metohija ( for the latter had by then been upgraded to the status of a province ) , as | ||||
| 7 | socialist autonomous province of vojvodina ]] , with the capital in [[ novi sad ]] # [[ socialist republic of slovenia ]] , with the capital in [[ ljubljana ]] . | # [[ socialist republic of kosovo ]] | , with the capital in [[ priština ]] . in 1974 , the two provinces of vojvodina and kosovo - metohija ( for the latter had by then been upgraded to | ||||
| 241638823 | 7 | but soon focused increasingly on combating the partisans , while cooperating with the occupation forces to an ever greater extent . by the end of the war , the chetnik movement | transformed into a collaborationist serb nationalist militia , completely dependent on axis supplies . < ref > 7david martin , ally betrayed : | would complete | the uncensored story of tito and mihailovich , ( new york : prentice hall , 1946 ) , 34 . < / ref > the highly mobile partisans , however , | ||
| 12 | national . the partisans initiated a [[ guerrilla warfare | guerrilla ]] campaign which was developed into the largest resistance army in occupied western and central europe . the chetniks were | initially | supported by the exiled royal government as well as the [[ allies ]] , but soon focused increasingly on combating the partisans , while cooperating with the occupation forces to an | ||||
| 241739997 | 4 | national . the chetniks initiated a [[ guerrilla warfare | guerrilla ]] campaign which was developed into the largest resistance army in occupied western and central europe . the chetniks were | initially | supported by the exiled royal government as well as the [[ allies ]] , but were soon drawn into combat with the partisans . before the end of the war , | |||
| 8 | exiled royal government as well as the [[ allies ]] , but were soon drawn into combat with the partisans . before the end of the war , the chetnik movement | would complete | transformed into a collaborationist serb nationalist militia , completely dependent on axis supplies . < ref > 7david martin , ally betrayed : | the single largest evacuation of american forces behind enemy lines . the [[ chetniks and partisans ]] were able to expel the axis from serbia in 1944 and the rest of | |||
| 243549350 | 2 | of rome , 1924 ]] * assassination of [[ stjepan radić ]] = = = king alexander ' s period = = = king [[ alexander i of yugoslavia | alexander | i | iv | ]] banned national political parties in 1929 , assumed executive power and renamed the country yugoslavia . he hoped to curb separatist tendencies and mitigate nationalist passions . however , alexander | ||
| 245699744 | 0 | ]] from [[ ivan mihailov | ivan mihailov ' s ]] [[ internal macedonian revolutionary organization ]] in the cooperation of the [[ ustaše ]] , a croatian separatist organization . | alexsandar | alexander | was succeeded by his eleven year old son [[ peter ii of yugoslavia | peter ii ]] and a regency council headed by his cousin [[ prince paul of yugoslavia | | ||
| 246983138 | 5 | economics ) | shock therapy ]] " programme . the few european states with strategic interests in the yugoslav theatre tended to favor fragmentation . there were also other specifically yugoslav | , | structural flaws which helped to generate the collapse . for instance , many would argue {{ fact | date = february 2008 }} that the decentralized market socialism was a disastrous | |||
| 247526296 | 9 | croats and serbs ]] . the lands previously in austria - hungary that formed the new state included [[ croatia ]] , [[ slavonia ]] and [[ vojvodina ]] from the | [[ hungary | | hungarian ]] part of the empire , [[ carniola ]] , part of [[ styria ( duchy ) | styria ]] and most of [[ dalmatia ]] from the [[ cisleithania | |||
| 247935764 | 20 | ]] = = = the government = = = [[ image : proslavatito . jpg | thumb | right | 200px | the 1968 [[ league of communists of yugoslavia ]] | congress | | 200px | breakup of [[ sfr yugoslavia ]] . ]] [[ image : milosevic - 1 . jpg | 200px | right | thumb | [[ slobodan milošević ]] . | |||
| 250961887 | 0 | * [[ serbia ]] * [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] * [[ slovenia ]] * [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] * [[ montenegro ]] * ( [[ kosovo ]] | , | ( | status as an independent country is [[ 2008 _ kosovo _ declaration _ of _ independence # international _ reaction | in dispute ]] ) the first former yugoslav republic to | ||
| 251645066 | 10 | republic of slovenia ]] , with the capital in [[ ljubljana ]] , # [[ socialist autonomous province of vojvodina ]] , with the capital in [[ novi sad ]] . | * [[ socialist republic of slovenia ]] , with the capital in [[ ljubljana ]] , | in 1974 , the two provinces of vojvodina and kosovo - metohija ( for the latter had by then been upgraded to the status of a province ) , as well | |||
| 251645247 | 5 | socialist autonomous province of vojvodina ]] , with the capital in [[ novi sad ]] . * [[ socialist republic of slovenia ]] , with the capital in [[ ljubljana ]] | , | . | in 1974 , the two provinces of vojvodina and kosovo - metohija ( for the latter had by then been upgraded to the status of a province ) , as well | ||
| 256961996 | 1 | all three regions , massive displacement of the populations in bosnia and herzegovina and establishment of the 3 new independent states . the separation of the yugoslav republic of macedonia was | peaceful | angry | . serbian uprisings in croatia began in august 1990 by blocking roads leading from the dalmatian coast towards the inland almost a year before croatian leadership made any move towards independence | ||
| 256962020 | 1 | all three regions , massive displacement of the populations in bosnia and herzegovina and establishment of the 3 new independent states . the separation of the yugoslav republic of macedonia was | angry | peaceful | . serbian uprisings in croatia began in august 1990 by blocking roads leading from the dalmatian coast towards the inland almost a year before croatian leadership made any move towards independence | ||
| 257767654 | 13 | ]] ( now podgorica ) ; * [[ socialist republic of serbia ]] , with the capital in [[ belgrade ]] , including : * * [[ autonomous province of kosovo | and metohija ( 1946 - 1974 ) | ]] }} : 5b . {{ smaller | | autonomous province of kosovo and metohija ]] , with the capital in [[ prishtina ]] , * * [[ autonomous province of vojvodina ( 1945 - 1963 ) | autonomous | ||
| 20 | autonomous province of vojvodina ]] , with the capital in [[ novi sad ]] . * [[ socialist republic of slovenia ]] , with the capital in [[ ljubljana ]] . | }} | in 1974 , the two provinces of vojvodina and kosovo - metohija ( for the latter had by then been upgraded to the status of a province ) , as well | ||||
| 22 | and metohija ( 1946 - 1974 ) | autonomous province of kosovo and metohija ]] , with the capital in [[ prishtina ]] , * * [[ autonomous province of vojvodina | ( 1945 - 1963 ) | autonomous province of vojvodina | ]] , with the capital in [[ novi sad ]] . * [[ socialist republic of slovenia ]] , with the capital in [[ ljubljana ]] . in 1974 , the | ||||
| 257769716 | 0 | effectively dissolving the last vestige of the former yugoslavia . = = legacy = = = = = new states = = = countries created from the former yugoslavia are : | * {{ bih }} * {{ cro }} * {{ mkd }} * {{ mne }} * {{ srb }} * {{ slo }} | { | class | the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , which applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004 . croatia applied for membership in | ||
| 259633189 | 2 | affiliation of the country until it dissolved . = = = demographics = = = {{ main | demographics of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} the population of yugoslavia | according | , comprising over 40 in all . the religious demographics of yugoslavia have changed dramatically since world war ii . a census taken in 1921 and later in 1948 show that 99 % of the population appeared to be deeply involved with their religion and practices . with postwar government programs of [[ modernization ]] and [[ urbanization ]] , the percentage of religious believers took a dramatic plunge . connections between religious belief and nationality posed a serious threat to the post - war communist government ' s policies on national unity and state structure . after the rise of [[ communism ]] , a survey taken in 1964 showed that just over 70 % of the total population of yugoslavia considered themselves to be religious believers . the places of highest religious concentration were that of [[ kosovo ]] with 91 % and [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] with 83 . 8 % . the places of lowest religious concentration were [[ slovenia ]] 65 . 4 % , [[ serbia ]] with 63 . 7 % and [[ croatia ]] with 63 . 6 % . religious differences between orthodox christian [[ serbs ]] , catholic [[ croats ]] , and muslim [[ bosniaks ]] and the rise of nationalism contributed | to the 1981 census was 22 . 4 million . [[ changes in yugoslavian religious demographics ]] = = = the government = = = on 7 april 1963 the nation | ||
| 3 | country until it dissolved . = = = demographics = = = {{ main | demographics of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} the population of yugoslavia according to the | 1981 census was 22 . 4 million . [[ changes in yugoslavian religious demographics ]] | collapse of yugoslavia in 1991 . < ref > http : / / atheism . about . com / library / world / kz / bl _ yugoreligiondemography . htm < / ref > | = = = the government = = = on 7 april 1963 the nation changed its official name to [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] and [[ josip broz tito | |||
| 259633956 | 4 | for nato retracting their pre - war demand for nato forces to enter serbia , resulting in 250 000 serbian and other non - albanian refugees . see [[ kosovo war | ]] for more information . | since june 1999 , the province has been governed by peace - keeping forces from nato and russia , although all parties continued to recognize it as a part of serbia | |||
| 262054633 | 43 | ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] ) . now , separate sociolinguistic standards exist for [[ bosnian language ]] , [[ croatian language ]] , [[ montenegrin language | | montenegrin language | ]] and the [[ serbian language ]] . sfry technically had three official languages , along with minority languages official where minorities lived , but in all federal organs only serbo | |||
| 262867590 | 1 | center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of slovenia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | [[ kosovo ]] ( disputed | * kosovo ' s status is [[ international reaction to the 2008 declaration of independence by kosovo | | disputed , not recognized by all nations . ) | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ prishtina ]] | < center > [[ file | |||
| 4 | center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of slovenia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | [[ kosovo ]] ( disputed | , not recognized by all nations . ) | | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ prishtina ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of kosovo . svg | 70px | | ||||
| 266107846 | 0 | [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution ]] was ratified in 1974 that gave more rights to the individual republics in yugoslavia and provinces in serbia . | = = = ethnic tensions and the economic crisis = = = the post - [[ world war ii ]] yugoslavia was in many respects a model of how to build a multinational state . the federation was constructed against a double background : an inter - war yugoslavia which had been dominated by the [[ serbs | serbian ]] ruling class ; and a war - time division of the country , as [[ fascist italy ]] and [[ nazi germany ]] split the country apart and endorsed an extreme croatian nationalist faction called the [[ ustaše ]] which committed genocide against serbs . a small faction of bosniak nationalists joined the axis forces and attacked serbs . while extreme serb nationalists engaged in attacks on bosniaks and croats . the ethnic violence was only ended when the multiethnic [[ yugoslav partisans ]] took over the country at the end of the war and banned nationalism from being publicly promoted . overall relative peace was retained under tito ' s rule , though nationalist protests did occur , but these were usually repressed and nationalist leaders were arrested and some were executed by yugoslav officials . however one protest in croatia in the 1970s , called the " [[ croatian spring ]] " was backed by large numbers of croats who claimed that yugoslavia remained a serb hegemony and demanded that serbia ' s powers be reduced . tito whose home republic was croatia was concerned over the stability of the country and responded in a manner to appease both croats and serbs , he ordered the arrest of the croat protestors , while at the same time conceding to some of their demands . in 1974 , serbia ' s influence in the country was significantly reduced as autonomous provinces were created in ethnic albanian - majority populated [[ kosovo ]] and the mixed - populated [[ vojvodina ]] . these autonomous provinces held the same voting power as the republics but unlike the republics , they could not legally separate from yugoslavia . this concession satisfied croatia and slovenia , but in serbia and in the new autonomous province of kosovo , reaction was different . serbs saw the new constitution as conceding to croat and ethnic albanian nationalists . ethnic albanians in kosovo saw the creation of an autonomous province as not being enough , and demanded that kosovo become a constituent republic with the right to separate from yugoslavia . this created tensions within the communist leadership , particularly amongst communist serb officials who resented the 1974 constitution as weakening serbia ' s influence and jeopardizing the unity of the country by allowing the republics the right to separate . an economic crisis erupted in the 1970s which was the product of disastrous errors by yugoslav governments , such as borrowing vast amounts of western capital in order to fund growth through exports . western economies then entered recession , blocked yugoslav exports and created a huge debt problem . the yugoslav government then accepted the [[ international monetary fund | imf ]] ' s conditionalities which shifted the burden of the crisis onto the yugoslav working class . simultaneously , strong social groups emerged within the [[ league of communists of yugoslavia | yugoslav communist party ]] , allied to western business , banking and state interests and began pushing towards [[ neoliberalism ]] , to the delight of the us . it was the [[ ronald reagan | reagan ]] administration which , in 1984 , had adopted a " [[ shock therapy ( economics ) | shock therapy ]] " proposal to push yugoslavia towards a capitalist restoration . in 1989 [[ jeffrey sachs ]] was in yugoslavia helping the federal government under [[ ante marković ]] prepare the imf / [[ world bank group | world bank ]] " [[ shock therapy ( economics ) | shock therapy ]] " package , which was then introduced in 1990 at the same time the crucial parliamentary elections were being held in the various republics . one aspect of yugoslavia ' s " [[ shock therapy ( economics ) | shock therapy ]] " programme was both unique within the region and of great political importance in 1989 - 90 . the bankruptcy law to liquidate state enterprises was enacted in the 1989 financial operations act which required that if an enterprise was insolvent for 30 days running , or for 30 days within a 45 day period , it had to settle with its creditors either by giving them ownership or by being liquidated , in which case workers would be sacked , normally without severance payments . in 1989 , according to official sources , 248 firms were declared bankrupt or were liquidated and 89 , 400 workers were laid off . during the first nine months of 1990 directly following the adoption of the imf programme , another 889 enterprises with a combined work - force of 525 , 000 workers suffered the same fate . in other words , in less than two years " the trigger mechanism " ( under the financial operations act ) had led to the lay off of more than 600 , 000 workers out of a total industrial workforce of the order of 2 . 7 million . an additional 20 % of the work force , or half a million people , were not paid wages during the early months of 1990 as enterprises sought to avoid bankruptcy . the largest concentrations of bankrupt firms and lay - offs were in [[ serbia ]] , [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] and [[ kosovo ]] . real earnings were in a free fall and social programmes had collapsed ; creating within the population an atmosphere of social despair and hopelessness . this was a critical turning point in the events to follow . | = = = approaching the breakup = = = inexperiment for a state in yugoslavia ' s geopolitical situation . the 1974 constitution , thoughwhilst dampening the institutional and material power | |||
| 266108014 | 0 | [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution ]] was ratified in 1974 that gave more rights to the individual republics in yugoslavia and provinces in serbia . | = = = ethnic tensions and the economic crisis = = = the post - [[ world war ii ]] yugoslavia was in many respects a model of how to build a multinational state . the federation was constructed against a double background : an inter - war yugoslavia which had been dominated by the [[ serbs | serbian ]] ruling class ; and a war - time division of the country , as [[ fascist italy ]] and [[ nazi germany ]] split the country apart and endorsed an extreme croatian nationalist faction called the [[ ustaše ]] which committed genocide against serbs . a small faction of bosniak nationalists joined the axis forces and attacked serbs . while extreme serb nationalists engaged in attacks on bosniaks and croats . the ethnic violence was only ended when the multiethnic [[ yugoslav partisans ]] took over the country at the end of the war and banned nationalism from being publicly promoted . overall relative peace was retained under tito ' s rule , though nationalist protests did occur , but these were usually repressed and nationalist leaders were arrested and some were executed by yugoslav officials . however one protest in croatia in the 1970s , called the " [[ croatian spring ]] " was backed by large numbers of croats who claimed that yugoslavia remained a serb hegemony and demanded that serbia ' s powers be reduced . tito whose home republic was croatia was concerned over the stability of the country and responded in a manner to appease both croats and serbs , he ordered the arrest of the croat protestors , while at the same time conceding to some of their demands . in 1974 , serbia ' s influence in the country was significantly reduced as autonomous provinces were created in ethnic albanian - majority populated [[ kosovo ]] and the mixed - populated [[ vojvodina ]] . these autonomous provinces held the same voting power as the republics but unlike the republics , they could not legally separate from yugoslavia . this concession satisfied croatia and slovenia , but in serbia and in the new autonomous province of kosovo , reaction was different . serbs saw the new constitution as conceding to croat and ethnic albanian nationalists . ethnic albanians in kosovo saw the creation of an autonomous province as not being enough , and demanded that kosovo become a constituent republic with the right to separate from yugoslavia . this created tensions within the communist leadership , particularly amongst communist serb officials who resented the 1974 constitution as weakening serbia ' s influence and jeopardizing the unity of the country by allowing the republics the right to separate . an economic crisis erupted in the 1970s which was the product of disastrous errors by yugoslav governments , such as borrowing vast amounts of western capital in order to fund growth through exports . western economies then entered recession , blocked yugoslav exports and created a huge debt problem . the yugoslav government then accepted the [[ international monetary fund | imf ]] ' s conditionalities which shifted the burden of the crisis onto the yugoslav working class . simultaneously , strong social groups emerged within the [[ league of communists of yugoslavia | yugoslav communist party ]] , allied to western business , banking and state interests and began pushing towards [[ neoliberalism ]] , to the delight of the us . it was the [[ ronald reagan | reagan ]] administration which , in 1984 , had adopted a " [[ shock therapy ( economics ) | shock therapy ]] " proposal to push yugoslavia towards a capitalist restoration . in 1989 [[ jeffrey sachs ]] was in yugoslavia helping the federal government under [[ ante marković ]] prepare the imf / [[ world bank group | world bank ]] " [[ shock therapy ( economics ) | shock therapy ]] " package , which was then introduced in 1990 at the same time the crucial parliamentary elections were being held in the various republics . one aspect of yugoslavia ' s " [[ shock therapy ( economics ) | shock therapy ]] " programme was both unique within the region and of great political importance in 1989 - 90 . the bankruptcy law to liquidate state enterprises was enacted in the 1989 financial operations act which required that if an enterprise was insolvent for 30 days running , or for 30 days within a 45 day period , it had to settle with its creditors either by giving them ownership or by being liquidated , in which case workers would be sacked , normally without severance payments . in 1989 , according to official sources , 248 firms were declared bankrupt or were liquidated and 89 , 400 workers were laid off . during the first nine months of 1990 directly following the adoption of the imf programme , another 889 enterprises with a combined work - force of 525 , 000 workers suffered the same fate . in other words , in less than two years " the trigger mechanism " ( under the financial operations act ) had led to the lay off of more than 600 , 000 workers out of a total industrial workforce of the order of 2 . 7 million . an additional 20 % of the work force , or half a million people , were not paid wages during the early months of 1990 as enterprises sought to avoid bankruptcy . the largest concentrations of bankrupt firms and lay - offs were in [[ serbia ]] , [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] and [[ kosovo ]] . real earnings were in a free fall and social programmes had collapsed ; creating within the population an atmosphere of social despair and hopelessness . this was a critical turning point in the events to follow . | = = = approaching the breakup = = = inexperiment for a state in yugoslavia ' s geopolitical situation . the 1974 constitution , thoughwhilst dampening the institutional and material power | |||
| 273382283 | 0 | = various dates are considered as the end of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia : * june 25 , 1991 , when [[ croatia ]] and [[ slovenia ]] declared | independence | being gay | * september 8 , 1991 , following a referendum the [[ republic of macedonia ]] declared independence * october 8 , 1991 , when the july 9 moratorium on slovenian and | ||
| 273382455 | 0 | = various dates are considered as the end of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia : * june 25 , 1991 , when [[ croatia ]] and [[ slovenia ]] declared | being gay | independence | * september 8 , 1991 , following a referendum the [[ republic of macedonia ]] declared independence * october 8 , 1991 , when the july 9 moratorium on slovenian and | ||
| 278348589 | 0 | > | - | } {{ smaller | < nowiki > * < / nowiki > now [[ podgorica ]] . }} in 1947 , some negotiations between yugoslavia and bulgaria | are | were | led , finalized with the [[ bled agreement ]] . the aim of this negotiations is to include bulgaria in yugoslavia or to form a new union of two independent countries | ||
| 281117483 | 9 | ]] ) . now , separate sociolinguistic standards exist for [[ bosnian language ]] , [[ croatian language ]] , [[ montenegrin language ]] and the [[ serbian language ]] . | the | sfry technically had three official languages , along with minority languages official where minorities lived , but in all federal organs only serbo - croatian was used and others were expected | |||
| 281979473 | 1 | problem . the yugoslav government then accepted the [[ international monetary fund | imf ]] ' s conditionalities which shifted the burden of the crisis onto the yugoslav working class . | simultaneously , strong social groups emerged within the [[ league of communists of yugoslavia | yugoslav communist party ]] , allied to western business , banking and state interests and began pushing towards [[ neoliberalism ]] , to the delight of the us . it was the [[ ronald reagan | reagan ]] administration which , in 1984 , had adopted a " [[ shock therapy ( economics ) | shock therapy ]] " proposal to push yugoslavia towards a capitalist restoration . in 1989 [[ jeffrey sachs ]] was in yugoslavia helping the federal government under [[ ante marković ]] prepare the imf / [[ world bank group | world bank ]] " [[ shock therapy ( economics ) | shock therapy ]] " package , which was then introduced in 1990 at the same time the crucial parliamentary elections were being held in the various republics . one aspect of yugoslavia ' s " [[ shock therapy ( economics ) | shock therapy ]] " programme was both unique within the region and of great political importance in 1989 - 90 . the bankruptcy law to liquidate state enterprises was enacted in the 1989 financial operations act which required that if an enterprise was insolvent for 30 days running , or for 30 days within a 45 day period , it had to settle with its creditors either by giving them ownership or by being liquidated , in which case workers would be sacked , normally without severance payments . | in 1989 , according to official sources , 248 firms were declared bankrupt or were liquidated and 89 , 400 workers were laid off . during the first nine months of | |||
| 282642038 | 1 | in slovenia on the border crossings with italy , austria and hungary mainly just changed uniforms since most of them were local slovenes . the border police was already slovenian before | declaring | slovenia ' s declaration of | independence . the following day ( june 26 ) , the federal executive council specifically ordered the army to take control of the " internationally recognized borders " . see [[ | ||
| 284695040 | 8 | slovenes . it was established on 1 december 1918 by the union of the [[ state of slovenes , croats and serbs ]] and the [[ kingdom of serbia ]] . | it | http : / / www | was invaded by the [[ axis powers ]] in 1941 , and because of the events that followed , was officially abolished in 1945 . the second country with this name | ||
| 21 | chernozemski | marksman ]] from [[ ivan mihailov | ivan mihailov ' s ]] [[ internal macedonian revolutionary organization ]] in the cooperation of the [[ ustaše ]] , a croatian | separatist | . | organization . alexander was succeeded by his eleven year old son [[ peter ii of yugoslavia | peter ii ]] and a regency council headed by his cousin [[ prince paul | |||
| 45 | ( ' ' kos , kontra - obavještajna služba ' ' ) showed a [[ špegelj tapes | video of a secret meeting ]] between croatian defence minister martin špegelj and | the | two men . špegelj announced that they were at war with the army and gave instructions about arms smuggling as well as methods of dealing with the yugoslav army ' s | ||||
| 52 | no problems between macedonian and serbian border police even though small pockets of kosovo and the [[ preševo ]] valley complete the northern reaches of the historical region known as macedonia | ( prohor pčinjski part ) | , which would otherwise create a border dispute if ever macedonian romantic nationalism should resurface ( ' ' see [[ internal macedonian revolutionary organization | imoro ]] ' ' ) . | ||||
| 65 | . now , separate sociolinguistic standards exist for the [[ bosnian language | bosnian ]] , [[ croatian language | croatian ]] and [[ serbian language | serbian ]] languages . | although | the sfry technically had three official languages , along with minority languages official where minorities lived , but in all federal organs only serbo - croatian was used and others were | ||||
| 66 | , separate sociolinguistic standards exist for the [[ bosnian language | bosnian ]] , [[ croatian language | croatian ]] and [[ serbian language | serbian ]] languages . the sfry | had no official language , | technically had three official languages , along with minority languages official where minorities lived , but in all federal organs only serbo - croatian was used and others were expected to | ||||
| 69 | | serbian ]] languages . the sfry technically had three official languages , along with minority languages official where minorities lived , but in all federal organs only serbo - croatian | or croato - serbian | was used and others were expected to use it as well . remembrance of the time of the joint state and its perceived positive attributes is referred to as [[ yugonostalgy | ||||
| 72 | sr macedonia ]] , [[ sr montenegro ]] , [[ sr serbia ]] ( including the [[ autonomy | autonomous ]] provinces of [[ sap vojvodina ]] and [[ sap kosovo | and metohija | ]] , later simply [[ sap kosovo ]] ) and [[ sr slovenia ]] . starting in 1991 , the sfry disintegrated in the [[ yugoslav wars ]] which followed the | ||||
| 73 | serbia ]] ( including the [[ autonomy | autonomous ]] provinces of [[ sap vojvodina ]] and [[ sap kosovo and metohija ]] , later simply [[ sap kosovo ]] ) | and [[ sr slovenia ]] | . starting in 1991 , the sfry disintegrated in the [[ yugoslav wars ]] which followed the [[ secession ]] of most of the republic ' s constituent entities . the | ||||
| 82 | ' kos , kontra - obavještajna služba ' ' ) showed a [[ špegelj tapes | video of a secret meeting ]] between croatian defence minister martin špegelj and two men | . | špegelj announced that they were at war with the army and gave instructions about arms smuggling as well as methods of dealing with the yugoslav army ' s officers stationed in | ||||
| 289532174 | 0 | , thereby ending the yugoslav state . [[ kosovo ]] declared independence in 2008 . its statehood is , however , still disputed . the last country to have any yugoslav | atribute | attribute | in its name is the [[ fyr macedonia | former yugoslav republic of macedonia ]] . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = {{ main | creation of | ||
| 292035709 | 6 | the serbs from all three regions , massive displacement of the populations in bosnia and herzegovina and establishment of the 3 new independent states . the separation of the yugoslav republic | of macedonia | was peaceful , although the yugoslav army occupied the peak of the straža mountain , on the macedonian soil . serbian uprisings in croatia began in august 1990 by blocking roads | |||
| 292754074 | 4 | the serbs from all three regions , massive displacement of the populations in bosnia and herzegovina and establishment of the 3 new independent states . the separation of the yugoslav republic | of macedonia | was peaceful , although the yugoslav army occupied the peak of the straža mountain serbian uprisings in croatia began in august 1990 by blocking roads leading from the dalmatian coast towards | |||
| 300031814 | 0 | chernozemski | marksman ]] from [[ ivan mihailov | ivan mihailov ' s ]] [[ internal macedonian revolutionary organization ]] in the cooperation of the [[ ustaše ]] , a croatian | fascist | revolutionary organization . alexander was succeeded by his eleven year old son [[ peter ii of yugoslavia | peter ii ]] and a regency council headed by his cousin [[ prince | |||
| 300473210 | 10 | republic of serbia ]] : 5a . {{ smaller | [[ socialist autonomous province of kosovo ]] }} : 5b . {{ smaller | [[ socialist autonomous province of vojvodina ]] | }} | | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ belgrade ]] : [[ priština ]] : [[ novi sad ]] | < center > [[ file | |||
| 301452679 | 0 | , after referendum in montenegro , montenegro declared their independence and serbia stated it is the successor of the state union . * february 17 , 2008 , [[ kosovo ]] | unilaterally | declared independence from [[ serbia ]] = = federal republic of yugoslavia = = {{ main | federal republic of yugoslavia }} {{ see also | kosovo war }} [[ file | |||
| 307818750 | 0 | , after referendum in montenegro , montenegro declared their independence and serbia stated it is the successor of the state union . * february 17 , 2008 , [[ kosovo ]] | ( under albanian government ) | declared independence from [[ serbia ]] = = federal republic of yugoslavia = = {{ main | federal republic of yugoslavia }} {{ see also | kosovo war }} [[ file | |||
| 313663539 | 3 | the republics held multi - party elections in 1990 . slovenia and croatia held the elections in april since their communist parties chose to cede power peacefully . other yugoslav republics | - | – | especially serbia - were more or less dissatisfied with the democratization in two of the republics and proposed different sanctions ( e . g . serbian " customs tax " for | ||
| 4 | multi - party elections in 1990 . slovenia and croatia held the elections in april since their communist parties chose to cede power peacefully . other yugoslav republics - especially serbia | - | – | were more or less dissatisfied with the democratization in two of the republics and proposed different sanctions ( e . g . serbian " customs tax " for slovenian products ) | |||
| 6 | seen falling down . however , none were killed in the incident . there were however numerous cases of destruction of civilian property and civilian life by the yugoslav peoples army | - | – | houses , a church , civilian airport was bombarded and civilian hangar and airliners inside it , truck drivers on the road ljubljana - zagreb and austrian journalists on ljubljana airport | |||
| 9 | , 1996 , the [[ agreement on sub - regional arms control ]] is signed , limiting the military equipment of fr yugoslavia , bosnia and herzegovina and croatia * 1996 | - | – | 1999 , clashes between yugoslav army and [[ kosovo liberation army | kla ]] * march 24 - june 10 , 1999 , nato bombing of fr yugoslavia ( serbia and | |||
| 314884067 | 7 | success . most notable of the victories against the occupying forces were the battles of [[ battle of neretva | neretva ]] and [[ battle of sutjeska | sutjeska ]] . | on november 25 , 1942 , the [[ avnoj | anti - fascist council of national liberation of yugoslavia ]] ( ' ' antifašističko vijeće narodnog oslobođenja jugoslavije ' ' ) | ||||
| 314888561 | 7 | success . most notable of the victories against the occupying forces were the battles of [[ battle of neretva | neretva ]] and [[ battle of sutjeska | sutjeska ]] . | on november 25 , 1942 , the [[ avnoj | anti - fascist council of national liberation of yugoslavia ]] ( ' ' antifašističko vijeće narodnog oslobođenja jugoslavije ' ' ) | ||||
| 315047149 | 7 | success . most notable of the victories against the occupying forces were the battles of [[ battle of neretva | neretva ]] and [[ battle of sutjeska | sutjeska ]] . | on november 25 , 1942 , the [[ avnoj | anti - fascist council of national liberation of yugoslavia ]] ( ' ' antifašističko vijeće narodnog oslobođenja jugoslavije ' ' ) | ||||
| 315141168 | 7 | success . most notable of the victories against the occupying forces were the battles of [[ battle of neretva | neretva ]] and [[ battle of sutjeska | sutjeska ]] . | on november 25 , 1942 , the [[ avnoj | anti - fascist council of national liberation of yugoslavia ]] ( ' ' antifašističko vijeće narodnog oslobođenja jugoslavije ' ' ) | ||||
| 315205975 | 7 | success . most notable of the victories against the occupying forces were the battles of [[ battle of neretva | neretva ]] and [[ battle of sutjeska | sutjeska ]] . | on november 25 , 1942 , the [[ avnoj | anti - fascist council of national liberation of yugoslavia ]] ( ' ' antifašističko vijeće narodnog oslobođenja jugoslavije ' ' ) | ||||
| 318046156 | 14 | | < center > [[ file : sr serbia coa . png | 40px ]] < / center > | - | 5a . [[ socialist autonomous province of kosovo ]] | : {{ smaller | | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ belgrade ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of sr serbia . svg | 70px | |||
| 16 | | < center > [[ file : sr serbia coa . png | 40px ]] < / center > | - | 5b . [[ socialist autonomous province of vojvodina ]] | {{ smaller | | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ pristina ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of sr serbia . svg | 70px | ||||
| 318891772 | 0 | , after referendum in montenegro , montenegro declared their independence and serbia stated it is the successor of the state union . * february 17 , 2008 , [[ kosovo ]] | ( under albanian government ) | declared independence from [[ serbia ]] = = federal republic of yugoslavia = = {{ main | federal republic of yugoslavia }} {{ see also | kosovo war }} [[ file | |||
| 318929302 | 0 | success . most notable of the victories against the occupying forces were the battles of [[ battle of neretva | neretva ]] and [[ battle of sutjeska | sutjeska ]] . | on | in | november 25 , 1942 , the [[ avnoj | anti - fascist council of national liberation of yugoslavia ]] ( ' ' antifašističko vijeće narodnog oslobođenja jugoslavije ' ' ) was | ||
| 318929510 | 0 | success . most notable of the victories against the occupying forces were the battles of [[ battle of neretva | neretva ]] and [[ battle of sutjeska | sutjeska ]] . | in | on | november 25 , 1942 , the [[ avnoj | anti - fascist council of national liberation of yugoslavia ]] ( ' ' antifašističko vijeće narodnog oslobođenja jugoslavije ' ' ) was | ||
| 320663649 | 0 | sr montenegro ]] , [[ sr slovenia ]] and [[ sr serbia ]] ( including the [[ autonomy | autonomous ]] provinces of [[ sap vojvodina ]] and [[ sap kosovo | ]] | is the best | which were also equal members of the federation ) . starting in 1991 , the sfry disintegrated in the [[ yugoslav wars ]] which followed the [[ secession ]] of most | ||
| 320664263 | 0 | sr montenegro ]] , [[ sr slovenia ]] and [[ sr serbia ]] ( including the [[ autonomy | autonomous ]] provinces of [[ sap vojvodina ]] and [[ sap kosovo | is the best | ]] | which were also equal members of the federation ) . starting in 1991 , the sfry disintegrated in the [[ yugoslav wars ]] which followed the [[ secession ]] of most | ||
| 321353370 | 0 | an official visit to france in 1934 by an experienced [[ vlado chernozemski | marksman ]] from [[ ivan mihailov | ivan mihailov ' s ]] [[ internal macedonian revolutionary organization | ]] in the cooperation of the [[ ustaše ]] , a croatian fascist revolutionary organization | ] | . alexander was succeeded by his eleven year old son [[ peter ii of yugoslavia | peter ii ]] and a regency council headed by his cousin [[ prince paul of | ||
| 321364993 | 2 | an official visit to france in 1934 by an experienced [[ vlado chernozemski | marksman ]] from [[ ivan mihailov | ivan mihailov ' s ]] [[ internal macedonian revolutionary organization | ] | ]] in the cooperation of the [[ ustaše ]] , a croatian fascist revolutionary organization | . alexander was succeeded by his eleven year old son [[ peter ii of yugoslavia | peter ii ]] and a regency council headed by his cousin [[ prince paul of | ||
| 321366575 | 0 | official visit to france in 1934 by an experienced [[ vlado chernozemski | marksman ]] from [[ ivan mihailov | ivan mihailov ' s ]] [[ internal macedonian revolutionary organization ]] | in the cooperation of the [[ ustaše ]] , a croatian fascist revolutionary organization | . alexander was succeeded by his eleven year old son [[ peter ii of yugoslavia | peter ii ]] and a regency council headed by his cousin [[ prince paul of | |||
| 321368159 | 2 | official visit to france in 1934 by an experienced [[ vlado chernozemski | marksman ]] from [[ ivan mihailov | ivan mihailov ' s ]] [[ internal macedonian revolutionary organization ]] | in the cooperation of the [[ ustaše ]] , a croatian fascist revolutionary organization | . alexander was succeeded by his eleven year old son [[ peter ii of yugoslavia | peter ii ]] and a regency council headed by his cousin [[ prince paul of | |||
| 321386836 | 0 | 5 : 12 a . m . on april 6 , 1941 , [[ nazi germany | german ]] , [[ italian fascism | italian ]] and hungarian forces attacked yugoslavia | because germany declared war on russia and serbia was russia ' s main ally on the balkans | . the german air force ( ' ' [[ luftwaffe ]] ' ' ) bombed [[ belgrade ]] and other major yugoslav cities . on april 17 , representatives of yugoslavia | |||
| 321387337 | 1 | 5 : 12 a . m . on april 6 , 1941 , [[ nazi germany | german ]] , [[ italian fascism | italian ]] and hungarian forces attacked yugoslavia | because germany declared war on russia and serbia was russia ' s main ally on the balkans | . the german air force ( ' ' [[ luftwaffe ]] ' ' ) bombed [[ belgrade ]] and other major yugoslav cities . on april 17 , representatives of yugoslavia | |||
| 325621246 | 1 | montenegro ]] and [[ serbia ]] ( including the autonomous provinces of [[ vojvodina ]] and [[ autonomous province of kosovo and metohija ( 1990 - 1999 ) | kosovo ]] | in 1990 | ) . on february 4 , 2003 , it was renamed to the [[ state union of serbia and montenegro ]] , and officially abolished the name " yugoslavia " . | |||
| 2 | metohija ( 1990 - 1999 ) | kosovo ]] ) . on february 4 , 2003 , it was renamed to the [[ state union of serbia and montenegro ]] , | and | which | officially abolished the name " yugoslavia " . on june 3 and june 5 , 2006 respectively , [[ montenegro ]] and [[ serbia ]] declared independence , thereby ending the | |||
| 325697061 | 5 | 1990 - 1999 ) | kosovo ]] in 1990 ) . on february 4 , 2003 , it was renamed to the [[ state union of serbia and montenegro ]] , | which | and | officially abolished the name " yugoslavia " . on june 3 and june 5 , 2006 respectively , [[ montenegro ]] and [[ serbia ]] declared independence . [[ kosovo ]] | ||
| 9 | after the latter ' s forced annexation of the autonomous provinces of [[ vojvodina ]] and [[ autonomous province of kosovo and metohija ( 1990 - 1999 ) | kosovo ]] | in 1990 | ) . on february 4 , 2003 , it was renamed to the [[ state union of serbia and montenegro ]] , which officially abolished the name " yugoslavia " . | ||||
| 326748389 | 0 | of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ file : locationyugoslavia2 . png | thumb | right | 300px | general location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . | the precise borders | crap in a bucket . | varied over the years . ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ serbo - croatian language | serbo - croatian ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] | ||
| 326748646 | 0 | of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ file : locationyugoslavia2 . png | thumb | right | 300px | general location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . | crap in a bucket . | the precise borders | varied over the years . ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ serbo - croatian language | serbo - croatian ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] | ||
| 328282850 | 2 | army ( ' ' [[ wehrmacht heer ]] ' ' ) . more than three hundred thousand yugoslav officers and soldiers were taken prisoner . the axis powers occupied yugoslavia and | split it up | the germans went to war with russia | . the [[ independent state of croatia ]] was established as a [[ nazi ]] satellite state , ruled by the [[ fascism | fascist ]] militia known as the [[ | ||
| 337615626 | 0 | period = = = king [[ alexander i of yugoslavia | alexander i ]] banned national political parties in 1929 , assumed executive power and renamed the country yugoslavia . he | hoped | ho yo waz gaoodped | to curb separatist tendencies and mitigate nationalist passions . however , alexander ' s policies later encountered opposition from other european powers stemming from developments in italy and germany , where | ||
| 337615803 | 0 | period = = = king [[ alexander i of yugoslavia | alexander i ]] banned national political parties in 1929 , assumed executive power and renamed the country yugoslavia . he | ho yo waz gaoodped | hoped | to curb separatist tendencies and mitigate nationalist passions . however , alexander ' s policies later encountered opposition from other european powers stemming from developments in italy and germany , where | ||
| 339725475 | 3 | ]] < / center > | - | } * the [[ assembly of kosovo ]] declared independence from serbia in february 2008 . see [[ international recognition of kosovo ]] | by {{ kosovorecognition | | un member states }} and the [[ republic of china ]] ( taiwan ) . on 8 october 2008 , upon request of serbia , the [[ united nations general assembly | un general assembly ]] adopted a resolution asking the [[ international court of justice ]] for an [[ icj advisory opinion on the legality of kosovo ' s independence | advisory opinion ]] on the issue of kosovo ' s [[ declaration of independence ]] . < ref > {{ cite web | url = http : / / www . reuters . com / article / worldnews / idustre49780c20081008 | title = u . n . backs serbia in judicial move on kosovo & # 124 ; international | publisher = reuters | date = 2008 - 10 - 08 | accessdate = 2009 - 07 - 20 }} < / ref > this process is currently ongoing | . the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , which applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004 . croatia applied for membership | |||
| 343663715 | 0 | of yugoslavia # internal divisions | banovinas ]] in 1929 ]] {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia }} = = = 1918 – 1928 = = = yugoslavia was formed after | [[ world war i ]] | penguin and polar bear visited there yesterday , | as what was commonly called at the time a " [[ versailles ]] state " . = = = king alexander ' s period = = = king [[ alexander i | ||
| 343663743 | 0 | of yugoslavia # internal divisions | banovinas ]] in 1929 ]] {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia }} = = = 1918 – 1928 = = = yugoslavia was formed after | penguin and polar bear visited there yesterday , | [[ world war i ]] | as what was commonly called at the time a " [[ versailles ]] state " . = = = king alexander ' s period = = = king [[ alexander i | ||
| 347157594 | 1 | , [[ sr slovenia ]] and [[ sr serbia ]] ( including the [[ autonomy | autonomous ]] provinces of [[ sap vojvodina ]] and [[ sap kosovo ]] which were | also | largely | equal members of the federation {{ citation needed | date = february 2010 }} ) . starting in 1991 , the sfry disintegrated in the [[ yugoslav wars ]] which followed | ||
| 347164096 | 2 | ]] [[ file : milosevic - 1 . jpg | thumb | 150px | right | serbian president [[ slobodan milošević ]] ' s unequivocal support for the unity of serbs | and | , a status threatned by each republic breaking away from the federation , in addition to his | opposition to the autonomy of kosovo , inflamed ethnic tensions . ]] [[ file : franjotudman . jpg | thumb | 150px | right | croatian president [[ franjo tuđman ]] | ||
| 12 | ethnic lines , which angered serb nationalists who wished to remain in union with serbia . this resulted in the outbreak of violence and war between croats and serbs upon croatia | declaring | ' s | independence , which ended in what many consider to have been an ethnic cleansing of serbs from a part of croatia . {{ pov - statement | date = april 2009 | |||
| 17 | file : alijaizetbegovic1 . jpg | thumb | 150px | right | bosnian president [[ alija izetbegović ]] pushed for independence of bosnia , claiming that he would not allow bosnia | and herzegovina | to become part of a [[ greater serbia ]] which he accused the serbian government of sponsoring . the independence of bosnia was against serbs ' desire for their territory to | ||||
| 23 | of a [[ greater serbia ]] which he accused the serbian government of sponsoring . the independence of bosnia was against serbs ' desire for their territory to remain in yugoslavia | resulted in the bosnian | , and one which would disenfranchise non - bosniaks . ]] {{ fixbunching | mid }} [[ file : evstafiev - radovan karadzic 3mar94 . jpg | thumb | 140px | right | bosnian serb president [[ radovan karadžić ]] aggressively pursued an agenda to keep serb territory from being forced to separate from yugoslavia . the bosnian serb army engaged in a | war . ]] [[ file : former yugoslavia wartime 1 . png | 250px | thumb | right | [[ yugoslav wars ]] , fronts in 1993 . ]] [[ file | |||
| 347207640 | 0 | milosevic - 1 . jpg | thumb | 150px | right | serbian president [[ slobodan milošević ]] ' s unequivocal desire to uphold the unity of serbs , a status | threatned | threatened | by each republic breaking away from the federation , in addition to his opposition to the the albanian authorities in kosovo , further inflamed ethnic tensions . ]] [[ file : | ||
| 351303617 | 0 | on january 31 , 1946 , the new [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution ]] of [[ federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ]] , | modeling | modeled after | the [[ soviet union ]] , established six people ' s republics , an autonomous province , and an autonomous district that were part of sr serbia . the federal capital | ||
| 353296627 | 1 | allies ]] , but soon focused increasingly on combating the partisans , rather than the occupying axis forces . by the end of the war , the chetnik movement transformed into | a collaborationist serb nationalist militia , completely dependent | more lives lost . if you want more info | on axis supplies . < ref > 7david martin , ally betrayed : the uncensored story of tito and mihailovich , ( new york : prentice hall , 1946 ) , | ||
| 367694598 | 2 | ) bombed [[ belgrade ]] and other major yugoslav cities . on april 17 , representatives of yugoslavia ' s various regions signed an armistice with germany in belgrade , ending | eleven | 11 | days of resistance against the invading german army ( ' ' [[ wehrmacht heer ]] ' ' ) . more than three hundred thousand yugoslav officers and soldiers were taken prisoner | ||
| 6 | the republics held multi - party elections in 1990 . slovenia and croatia held the elections in april since their communist parties chose to cede power peacefully . other yugoslav republics | – | — | especially serbia – were more or less dissatisfied with the democratization in two of the republics and proposed different sanctions ( e . g . serbian " customs tax " for | |||
| 7 | multi - party elections in 1990 . slovenia and croatia held the elections in april since their communist parties chose to cede power peacefully . other yugoslav republics – especially serbia | – | — | were more or less dissatisfied with the democratization in two of the republics and proposed different sanctions ( e . g . serbian " customs tax " for slovenian products ) | |||
| 12 | seen falling down . however , none were killed in the incident . there were however numerous cases of destruction of civilian property and civilian life by the yugoslav peoples army | – | — | houses , a church , civilian airport was bombarded and civilian hangar and airliners inside it , truck drivers on the road ljubljana – zagreb and austrian journalists on ljubljana airport | |||
| 14 | september 1991 , the [[ republic of macedonia ]] also declared independence , becoming the only former republic to gain sovereignty without resistance from the belgrade - based yugoslav authorities . | five hundred | 500 | u . s . soldiers were then deployed under the u . n . banner to monitor macedonia ' s northern borders with the republic of serbia , yugoslavia . macedonia | |||
| 400599300 | 25 | | macedonian ]] , [[ serbian cyrillic ]] : југославија ) is a term that describes three political entities that existed successively on the western part of [[ balkan peninsula ]] | in europe | , during most of the 20th century . the first country to be known by this name was the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , which before 3 october 1929 was | |||
| 37 | neretva ]] and [[ battle of sutjeska | sutjeska ]] . on november 25 , 1942 , the [[ avnoj | anti - fascist council of national liberation of yugoslavia ]] | ( ' ' antifašističko vijeće narodnog oslobođenja jugoslavije ' ' ) | was convened in [[ bihać ]] , modern day [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] . the council reconvened on november 29 , 1943 , in [[ jajce ]] , also in | ||||
| 405575485 | 0 | was officially abolished in 1943 and 1945 . the second country with this name was the democratic federal yugoslavia , proclaimed in 1943 by the [[ yugoslav partisans ]] resistance movement | in | during | [[ world war ii ]] . it was renamed to the federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia in 1946 , when a communist government was established . in 1963 , | ||
| 405575792 | 0 | single state for all [[ south slavs | south slavic ]] [[ intelligentsia ]] and emerged in the late 17th and gained prominence in the 19th century [[ illyrian movement ]] | , that | . it | culminated in the realization of the ideal with the 1918 collapse of [[ house of habsburg | habsburg ]] [[ austria - hungary ]] at the end of [[ world war | ||
| 405576186 | 0 | xcp7oxqe0fmc & pg = pa624 | title = the balkans since 1453 | page = 624 }} < / ref > during his reign the flags of yugoslav nations were banned | , | . | communist ideas were banned also . the king was assassinated in [[ marseille ]] during an official visit to france in 1934 by an experienced [[ vlado chernozemski | marksman ]] | ||
| 1 | official visit to france in 1934 by an experienced [[ vlado chernozemski | marksman ]] from [[ ivan mihailov | ivan mihailov ' s ]] [[ internal macedonian revolutionary organization ]] | in | with | the cooperation of the [[ ustaše ]] , a croatian fascist revolutionary organization . alexander was succeeded by his eleven year old son [[ peter ii of yugoslavia | peter ii | |||
| 410219821 | 0 | domination attempts and increasingly different levels of democratic standards were becoming increasingly incompatible . [[ serbia ]] and [[ montenegro ]] elected candidates who favoured yugoslav unity . serbs in croatia | wouldn ' t | would not | accept a status of a national minority in a sovereign croatia , since they would be demoted from a constituent nation of croatia and this would consequently diminish their rights . | ||
| 436091877 | 11 | state for all [[ south slavs | south slavic ]] [[ intelligentsia ]] and emerged in the late 17th and gained prominence in the 19th century [[ illyrian movement ]] . | it culminated in the realization of the ideal with the 1918 collapse of [[ house of habsburg | habsburg ]] [[ austria - hungary ]] at the end of [[ world war i ]] and the formation of the [[ kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ]] . however , the kingdom was better known , colloquially as well as even on maps , as yugoslavia ( or jugo - slavia in the rest of europe ) , | coined from the slavic words " jug " ( south ) and " slaveni " ( slavs ) . in 1929 it was formally renamed the " kingdom of yugoslavia " | |||
| 441313646 | 19 | the republics held multi - party elections in 1990 . slovenia and croatia held the elections in april since their communist parties chose to cede power peacefully . other yugoslav republics | — | – | especially serbia — were more or less dissatisfied with the democratization in two of the republics and proposed different sanctions ( e . g . serbian " customs tax " for | ||
| 20 | multi - party elections in 1990 . slovenia and croatia held the elections in april since their communist parties chose to cede power peacefully . other yugoslav republics — especially serbia | — | – | were more or less dissatisfied with the democratization in two of the republics and proposed different sanctions ( e . g . serbian " customs tax " for slovenian products ) | |||
| 25 | seen falling down . however , none were killed in the incident . there were however numerous cases of destruction of civilian property and civilian life by the yugoslav peoples army | — | – | houses , a church , civilian airport was bombarded and civilian hangar and airliners inside it , truck drivers on the road ljubljana — zagreb and austrian journalists on ljubljana airport | |||
| 468701811 | 25 | | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of slovenia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | } the first former yugoslav republic to | join | describe | the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , which applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004 . croatia applied for membership in 2004 . macedonia applied in 2004 , | ||
| 470925206 | 1 | serb krajina ]] ) in croatia . federal army tried to disarm the territorial defence forces of slovenia ( republics had their local defence forces similar to [[ croatian home guard | | home guard ]] | ) in 1990 but wasn ' t completely successful . still , slovenia began to covertly import arms to replenish its armed forces . croatia also embarked upon the illegal import | |||
| 481191982 | 0 | then - loyal montenegro , and vojvodina and kosovo . as a result of these events , the [[ albanian people | ethnic albanian ]] miners in [[ kosovo ]] organized | strikes | the [[ 1989 kosovo miners ' strike ]] | , which dovetailed into ethnic conflict between the albanians and the non - albanians in the province . at around 80 % of the [[ demographics of kosovo # 1968 - | ||
| 492545273 | 21 | sfry slovenia . png | 60px ]] < / center > | - | } ( {{ smaller | < nowiki > * < / nowiki > now [[ podgorica ]] | }} ) | in 1947 , negotiations between yugoslavia and bulgaria were led and finalized with the [[ bled agreement ]] . the aim of the negotiations was to include bulgaria in yugoslavia or | |||
| 495585894 | 7 | ]] in 1941 , and because of the events that followed , was officially abolished in 1943 and 1945 . the second country with this name was the democratic federal yugoslavia | , | was | proclaimed in 1943 by the [[ yugoslav partisans ]] resistance movement during world war ii . it was renamed to the federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia in 1946 , | ||
| 23 | date = 24 march 1999 | accessdate = 29 december 2010 }} < / ref > ) . starting in 1991 , the sfry disintegrated in the [[ yugoslav wars ]] | which followed the [[ secession ]] of most of the country ' s constituent entities | . the third yugoslavia , known as the [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] , existed until 2003 , when it was renamed [[ serbia and montenegro ]] . = = | ||||
| 495666744 | 11 | was invaded by the [[ axis powers ]] in 1941 , and because of the events that followed , was officially abolished in 1943 and 1945 . the democratic federal yugoslavia | was | , | proclaimed in 1943 by the [[ yugoslav partisans | partisans ]] resistance movement during [[ world war ii ]] . it was renamed to the federal people ' s republic of | ||
| 495668696 | 9 | ]] in 1941 , and because of the events that followed , was officially abolished in 1943 and 1945 . the second country with this name was the democratic federal yugoslavia | , | was | proclaimed in 1943 by the [[ yugoslav partisans ]] resistance movement during world war ii . it was renamed to the federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia in 1946 , | ||
| 27 | date = 24 march 1999 | accessdate = 29 december 2010 }} < / ref > ) . starting in 1991 , the sfry disintegrated in the [[ yugoslav wars ]] | which followed the [[ secession ]] of most of the country ' s constituent entities | . the third yugoslavia , known as the [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] , existed until 2003 , when it was renamed [[ serbia and montenegro ]] . = = | ||||
| 499296493 | 6 | state for all [[ south slavs | south slavic ]] [[ intelligentsia ]] and emerged in the late 17th and gained prominence in the 19th century [[ illyrian movement ]] . | coined from | the name was created by the combination of | the slavic words " jug " ( south ) and " slaveni " ( slavs ) . = = kingdom of yugoslavia = = {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia }} | ||
| 527680630 | 3 | . now , separate sociolinguistic standards exist for the [[ bosnian language | bosnian ]] , [[ croatian language | croatian ]] and [[ serbian language | serbian ]] languages . | although the sfry had no official language , technically there had been three official languages , along with minority languages official where minorities lived , but in all federal organs only serbo - croatian or croato - serbian was used and others were expected to use it as well . | remembrance of the time of the joint state and its perceived positive attributes is referred to as [[ yugo - nostalgia ]] . many aspects of yugonostalgia refer to the socialist | |||
| 542271560 | 4 | of former yugoslav states in the united nations | pages = 241 – 243 }} < / ref > eventually , after the [[ overthrow of slobodan milošević ]] from power | as president of the federation | in 2000 , the country rescinded those aspirations and accepted the opinion of [[ badinter arbitration committee ]] about shared succession , and reapplied for and gained un membership on november | |||
| 542271741 | 1 | and montenegro ' ' became known as the [[ republic of serbia ]] . in february 2008 , the [[ republic of kosovo ]] declared independence from serbia , leading to | [[ international recognition of kosovo | | an ongoing dispute on whether kosovo is a legally recognized state . however , numerous countries , including the united states and various members of the [[ european union ]] , | |||
| 553741021 | 0 | first looked for refuge in the jna caserns , while the army remained passive . the civilians then organised armed resistance . these armed conflicts between the croatian armed forces ( | “police ” | " police " | ) and civilians mark the beginning of the yugoslav war that inflamed the region . similarly , the attempt to replace yugoslav frontier police by the slovenian police provoked regional armed | ||
| 563180646 | 20 | peoples army – houses , a church , civilian airport was bombarded and civilian hangar and airliners inside it , truck drivers on the road ljubljana – zagreb and austrian journalists | on | at the | ljubljana airport were killed . ceasefire was agreed upon . according to the [[ brioni agreement ]] , recognized by representatives of all republics , the international community pressured slovenia and | ||
| 22 | armed forces ( " police " ) and civilians mark the beginning of the yugoslav war that inflamed the region . similarly , the attempt to replace yugoslav frontier police by | the | slovenian police provoked regional armed conflicts which finished with a minimal number of victims . a similar attempt in bosnia and herzegovina led to a war that lasted more than three | ||||
| 23 | croatian cities . serbia and jna used this discovery of croatian rearmament for propaganda purposes . the film was spiced by distorting sounds and fabricated voice of the croatian minister . | also , | guns were fired from army bases through croatia . elsewhere , tensions were running high . in the same month , the [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] ( ' | ||||
| 25 | from yugoslavia . the federal customs officers in slovenia on the border crossings with italy , austria and hungary mainly just changed uniforms since most of them were local slovenes . | the border police were mostly already slovenian before slovenia ' s declaration of independence . | the following day ( 26 june ) , the federal executive council specifically ordered the army to take control of the " internationally recognized borders " . see [[ ten - | ||||
| 563181056 | 8 | [[ preševo ]] valley complete the northern reaches of the historical region known as macedonia ( prohor pčinjski part ) , which would otherwise create a border dispute if ever macedonian | romantic | nationalism should resurface ( ' ' see [[ internal macedonian revolutionary organization | vmro ]] ' ' ) . this was despite the fact that the yugoslav army refused to abandon | |||
| 563181699 | 2 | troops were seen falling down . however , none were killed in the incident . there were however numerous cases of destruction of civilian property and civilian life by the yugoslav | peoples | people ' s | army – houses and a church . a civilian airport , along with a hangar and airliners inside it was bombarded ; truck drivers on the road from ljubljana to zagreb | ||
| 3 | seen falling down . however , none were killed in the incident . there were however numerous cases of destruction of civilian property and civilian life by the yugoslav peoples army | – | , including | houses and a church . a civilian airport , along with a hangar and airliners inside it was bombarded ; truck drivers on the road from ljubljana to zagreb and austrian | |||
| 563182107 | 0 | * 8 september 1991 , following a referendum the [[ republic of macedonia ]] declared independence * 8 october 1991 , when the 9 july moratorium on slovenian and croatian secession | was ended | expired | and croatia restated its independence in croatian parliament ( that day is celebrated as independence day in croatia ) * 15 january 1992 , when slovenia and croatia were internationally recognized | ||
| 563182276 | 0 | * 8 september 1991 , following a referendum the [[ republic of macedonia ]] declared independence * 8 october 1991 , when the 9 july moratorium on slovenian and croatian secession | expired | ended | and croatia restated its independence in the croatian parliament ( that day is celebrated as independence day in croatia ) * 15 january 1992 , when slovenia and croatia were internationally | ||
| 588055722 | 0 | existence by the merger of the provisional [[ state of slovenes , croats and serbs ]] ( itself formed from territories of the former [[ austro - hungarian empire ]] ) | liberated by serbian army , | with the formerly independent [[ kingdom of serbia ]] ( which annexed the [[ kingdom of montenegro ]] five days previously , while the regions of [[ kosovo ]] , [[ | |||
| 588344999 | 6 | kosovo ]] , [[ vojvodina ]] and [[ vardar macedonia ]] were parts of serbia prior to the unification ) . serbian royal [[ house of karadjordjevic ]] , became yugoslav | royalty | royal dynasty | . it gained international recognition on 13 july 1922 at the conference of ambassadors in paris . < ref > http : / / www . orderofdanilo . org / en | ||
| 14 | bbc news | date = 24 march 1999 | accessdate = 29 december 2010 }} < / ref > starting in 1991 , yugoslavia disintegrated in the [[ yugoslav wars ]] | ensued | . one of the successor states was also known as the [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( fry ) until 2003 . the fry aspired to be a sole [[ | ||||
| 15 | news | date = 24 march 1999 | accessdate = 29 december 2010 }} < / ref > starting in 1991 , yugoslavia disintegrated in the [[ yugoslav wars ]] . | one of | after | the successor states was also known as the [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( fry ) until 2003 . the fry aspired to be a sole [[ succession of states | |||
| 29 | usa : abc - clio , 2005 . pp . 1189 . < / ref > }} as the ' ' kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ' ' , | was a country in the western part of [[ southeast europe ]] during most of the 20th century , that came into existence | by the merger of the provisional [[ state of slovenes , croats and serbs ]] ( itself formed from territories of the former [[ austro - hungarian empire ]] ) liberated | ||||
| 30 | existence by the merger of the provisional [[ state of slovenes , croats and serbs ]] ( itself formed from territories of the former [[ austro - hungarian empire ]] ) | liberated by serbian army , | with the formerly independent [[ kingdom of serbia ]] ( which united the [[ kingdom of montenegro ]] five days previously , while the regions of [[ kosovo ]] , [[ | ||||
| 39 | yugoslavia was officially renamed [[ serbia and montenegro ]] in 2003 . in june 2006 , [[ montenegro ]] became an independent nation after the results of a [[ montenegrin independence | referendum , 2006 | may 2006 referendum ]] . after montenegrin independence , serbia became the [[ legal successor ]] of serbia and montenegro , while montenegro re - applied for membership | in international organizations . . in february 2008 , the [[ republic of kosovo ]] declared independence from serbia , leading to [[ international recognition of kosovo | an ongoing dispute | ||||
| 591686979 | 0 | flag and / or slavic tricolor , with a [[ red star ]] in the centre or in the canton . = = the 1948 jugoslavia - soviet split = = | {{ further | tito – stalin split }} | the country distanced itself from the soviets in 1948 ( cf . [[ cominform ]] and [[ informbiro ]] ) and started to build its own way to socialism under the | |||
| 594475714 | 7 | yugoslavia }} at 5 : 12 & nbsp ; am on 6 april 1941 , [[ nazi germany | german ]] , [[ italian fascism | italian ]] and hungarian forces | < ref > {{ cite web | url = http : / / www . indiana . edu / ~ league / 1931 . htm | title = chronology 1929 | author = ' ' [[ indiana university ]] ' ' | publisher = indiana . edu | date = october 2002 }} < / ref > | however , alexander ' s policies later encountered opposition from other european powers stemming from developments in italy and germany , where fascists and [[ nazism | nazis ]] rose to | |||
| 9 | 5 : 12 & nbsp ; am on 6 april 1941 , [[ nazi germany | german ]] , [[ italian fascism | italian ]] and hungarian forces attacked yugoslavia . | | invaded yugoslavia ]] | . the german air force ( ' ' [[ luftwaffe ]] ' ' ) bombed [[ belgrade ]] and other major yugoslav cities . on 17 april , representatives of yugoslavia | ||||
| 597852768 | 1 | crisis in 1980s and rise of nationalism , yugoslavia [[ breakup of yugoslavia | broke up ]] along republic borders , at first into five countries . [[ yugoslav wars ]] | ensued | . after the breakup , republics of [[ serbia ]] and [[ montenegro ]] formed a reduced federation , [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( fry ) , aspiring for | |||
| 600480229 | 0 | in croatian cities . serbia and jna used this discovery of croatian rearmament for propaganda purposes . the film was spiced by distorting sounds and fabricated voice of the croatian minister | {{ citation needed }} | . guns were also fired from army bases through croatia . elsewhere , tensions were running high . in the same month , the [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] | |||
| 610972401 | 3 | formed from territories of the former [[ austro - hungarian empire ]] ) with the formerly independent [[ kingdom of serbia ]] and [[ kingdom of montenegro ]] . the serbian | royal | ]] | [[ house of karađorđević ]] became the yugoslav royal dynasty . yugoslavia gained international recognition on 13 july 1922 at the [[ conference of ambassadors ]] in paris . < ref | ||
| 6 | territories of the former [[ austro - hungarian empire ]] ) with the formerly independent [[ kingdom of serbia ]] and [[ kingdom of montenegro ]] . the serbian royal [[ | house of | karađorđević ]] became the yugoslav royal dynasty . yugoslavia gained international recognition on 13 july 1922 at the [[ conference of ambassadors ]] in paris . < ref > http : | ||||
| 615788018 | 0 | . when , in august 1990 , croatia attempted to replace police in the serb populated croat krajina by force , the population first looked for refuge in the jna caserns | ( yugolsavian army ' s barracks ) | , while the army remained passive . the civilians then organized armed resistance . these armed conflicts between the croatian armed forces ( " police " ) and civilians mark the | |||
| 616726337 | 4 | ]] < / center > | } in 1947 , negotiations between yugoslavia and bulgaria were led and finalized with the [[ bled agreement ( 1947 ) | bled agreement ]] | . the aim of the negotiations was to include bulgaria in yugoslavia or | , which proposed | to form a new union of two independent countries . after the intervention of stalin this agreement was never realized . yugoslavia solved the national issue of nations and nationalities ( | ||
| 616888308 | 0 | loyal to the king led to the [[ tito - šubašić agreement ]] in june 1944 ; however , [[ marshal of yugoslavia | marshal ]] josip broz tito was in | contgrol | control | and was determined to lead an independent communist state , starting as a prime minister . he had the support of moscow and london and led by far the strongest partisan | ||
| 8 | year before croatian leadership made any move towards independence . these uprisings were more or less discretely backed up by the serbian dominated federal army ( jna ) . the serbs | in croatia | proclaimed the emergence of serbian autonomous areas ( known later as [[ republic of serb krajina ]] ) in croatia . the federal army tried to disarm the territorial defence forces | ||||
| 10 | towards independence . these uprisings were more or less discretely backed up by the serbian dominated federal army ( jna ) . the serbs proclaimed the emergence of serbian autonomous areas | ( known | " , | later as [[ republic of serb krajina ]] ) in croatia . the federal army tried to disarm the territorial defence forces of slovenia ( republics had their local defence forces | |||
| 616890253 | 4 | escalated with the so - called [[ croatian spring ]] of 1970 – 1971 , when students in [[ zagreb ]] organized demonstrations for greater civil liberties and greater croatian autonomy | , followed by mass manifestations across croatia | . the regime stifled the public protest and incarcerated the leaders , but many key croatian representatives in the party silently supported this cause , so a new [[ 1974 yugoslav | |||
| 622094862 | 2 | experienced marksman from [[ ivan mihailov | ivan mihailov ' s ]] [[ internal macedonian revolutionary organization ]] with the cooperation of the [[ ustaše ]] , a croatian fascist revolutionary | organization | organisation | . alexander was succeeded by his eleven - year - old son [[ peter ii of yugoslavia | peter ii ]] and a regency council headed by his cousin , [[ | ||
| 23 | and croatia restated its independence in the croatian parliament ( that day is celebrated as independence day in croatia ) * 15 january 1992 , when slovenia and croatia were internationally | recognized | recognised | by most european countries * 6 april 1992 , full recognition of [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] ' s independence by the u . s . and most european countries * | |||
| 664104036 | 0 | cf . [[ cominform ]] and [[ informbiro ]] ) and started to build its own way to socialism under the strong political leadership of [[ josip broz tito ]] . | all | the country criticised both [[ eastern bloc ]] and [[ nato ]] nations and , together with other countries , started the [[ non - aligned movement ]] in 1961 , | |||
| 716053999 | 2 | the republics held multi - party elections in 1990 . slovenia and croatia held the elections in april since their communist parties chose to cede power peacefully . other yugoslav republics | – | — | especially serbia – were more or less dissatisfied with the democratisation in two of the republics and proposed different sanctions ( e . g . serbian " customs tax " for | ||
| 3 | multi - party elections in 1990 . slovenia and croatia held the elections in april since their communist parties chose to cede power peacefully . other yugoslav republics – especially serbia | – | — | were more or less dissatisfied with the democratisation in two of the republics and proposed different sanctions ( e . g . serbian " customs tax " for slovenian products ) | |||
| 725921112 | 2 | yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ serbo - croatian ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' , | [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] : | југославија ) was a country in [[ southeast europe ]] during most of the 20th century . it came into existence after [[ world war i ]] in 1918 {{ efn | |||
| 743994176 | 0 | repressed and nationalist leaders were arrested and some were executed by yugoslav officials . however one protest in croatia in the 1970s , called the " [[ croatian spring ]] " | protest in the 1970s | was backed by large numbers of croats who claimed that yugoslavia remained a serb hegemony and demanded that serbia ' s powers be reduced . tito , whose home republic was | |||
| 1 | under tito ' s rule , though nationalist protests did occur , but these were usually repressed and nationalist leaders were arrested and some were executed by yugoslav officials . however | one protest in croatia in the 1970s | , called the " [[ croatian spring ]] " was backed by large numbers of croats who claimed that yugoslavia remained a serb hegemony and demanded that serbia ' s powers | ||||
| 764872509 | 0 | ) bombed [[ belgrade ]] and other major yugoslav cities . on 17 april , representatives of yugoslavia ' s various regions signed an armistice with germany in belgrade , ending | 11 | eleven | days of resistance against the invading german army ( ' ' [[ wehrmacht heer ]] ' ' ) . < ref > {{ cite web | url = http : / | ||
| 772701137 | 1 | | demonym = [[ yugoslavs | yugoslav ]] | currency = [[ yugoslav dinar ]] | < references / > | ) = = external links = = * [ http : / / www . tenc . net / yugo . htm a library of analysis and documents refuting the standard | ||||
| 66359716 | 0 | of [[ genocide ]] in bosnia and war crimes in croatia and in kosovo and metohija began at [[ the hague ]] on [[ february 12 ]] , [[ 2002 ]] | , and he died there on [[ 11 march ]] , [[ 2006 ]] , while his trial was still ongoing | . on [[ april 11 ]] , the yugoslav parliament passed a law allowing extradition of all persons charged with war crimes by the international criminal tribunal . in march 2002 | |||
| 80325417 | 0 | ed 236 094 . * johnstone , diana : ' ' fools ’ crusade : yugoslavia , nato , and western delusions ' ' . monthly review press , 2002 . | * silber , laura and allan little : " yugoslavia : death of a nation . " new york : penguin books , 1997 . | * owen , david : ' ' balkan odyssey ' ' . harcourt ( harvest book ) , 1997 . * sacco , joe : ' ' safe area gorazde : | |||
| 83862003 | 52 | ( including the autonomous provinces of [[ vojvodina ]] and [[ kosovo and metohija ]] ) and [[ montenegro ]] . on [[ february 4 ]] , [[ 2003 ]] , | the name yugoslavia was officially abolished when | the state transformed into a loose commonwealth called [[ serbia and montenegro ]] . after a successful referendum in the republic , montenegro officially declared its independence on [[ june 3 | |||
| 85539858 | 0 | : a teacher ' s resource and activity guide to revolution and reform in eastern europe ' ' . stanford , ca : spice , 1991 . ed 351 248 . | brad k . blitz ( ed . ) | * chan , adrian : ' ' free to choose : a teacher ' s resource and activity guide to revolution and reform in eastern europe ' ' . stanford , | |||
| 1 | , 1998 . * cohen , lenard j . : ' ' broken bonds : the disintegration of yugoslavia ' ' . boulder , co : westview press , 1993 . | war and change in the balkans . nationalism , conflict and cooperation ' ' . cambridge : cambridge university press , 2006 [ paperback isbn - 139780521677738 , isbn - 100521677734 ] | * clark , ramsey : ' ' nato in the balkans : voices of opposition ' ' . international action center , 1998 . * cohen , lenard j . : | ||||
| 2 | , co : westview press , 1993 . * dragnich , alex n . : ' ' serbs and croats . the struggle in yugoslavia ' ' . new york : | * bunce , valerie 1999 ' ' subversive institutions ' ' . cambridge : cambridge university press | * dragnich , alex n . : ' ' serbs and croats . the struggle in yugoslavia ' ' . new york : harcourt brace jovanovich , 1992 . * gutman | ||||
| 3 | 1993 . * dragnich , alex n . : ' ' serbs and croats . the struggle in yugoslavia ' ' . new york : harcourt brace jovanovich , 1992 . | * conversi , daniele ' central secession : towards a new analytical concept ? the case of former yugoslavia ' , ' ' journal of ethnic and migration studies ' ' , vol . 26 , no . 2 , april 2000 , pp . 333 - 356 * cushman , tom ' ' critical theory and the war in croatia and bosnia ' ' . seattle : university of washington press / henry m . jackson school of international studies ( ' the donald w . treadgold papers in russian , east european and central asian studies ' , nº 13 , 1998 ) * cushman , tom and stipe mestrovic ( eds ) ' ' this time we knew . western responses to the war in bosnia ' ' . | new york : harcourt brace jovanovich , 1992 . * gutman , roy . : ' ' a witness to genocide . the 1993 pulitzer prize - winning dispatches on the | ||||
| 5 | * hayden , robert m . : blueprints for a house divided : the constitutional logic of the yugoslav conflicts . ann arbor : university of michigan press , 2000 . | * djuric , ivana 2003 ‘the croatian diaspora in north america : identity , ethnic solidarity , and the formation of a ‘transnational national community ’ ’ , international journal of politics , culture and society , vol . 17 , no . 1 , | macmillan , 1993 . * harris , judy j . : ' ' yugoslavia today ' ' . southern social studies journal 16 ( fall 1990 ) : 78 - 101 | ||||
| 6 | ed 236 094 . * johnstone , diana : ' ' fools ’ crusade : yugoslavia , nato , and western delusions ' ' . monthly review press , 2002 . | 2003 , pp . 113 - 130 | * jelavich , barbara : ' ' history of the balkans : eighteenth and nineteenth centuries ' ' , volume 1 . new york : american council of learned societies , | ||||
| 7 | 2002 . * [[ rebecca west | west , rebecca ]] : ' ' black lamb and gray falcon : a journey through yugoslavia ' ' . viking , 1941 . | new york : | * silber , laura and allan little : " yugoslavia : death of a nation . " new york : penguin books , 1997 . * owen , david : ' | ||||
| 15 | journey through yugoslavia ' ' . viking , 1941 . * misha glenny : ' ' the fall of yugoslavia : the third balkan war ' ' , isbn 0 - | 14 | 63 * ramet , sabrina p 2006 ' ' thinking about yugoslavia : scholarly debates about the yugoslav breakup and the wars in bosnia and kosovo ' ' . cambridge : cambridge university press * simms , brendan 2001 ' ' unfinest hour : how britain helped to destroy bosnia ' ' . allen lane / penguin press | - 026101 - x = = legacy = = the present - day countries created from the former parts of yugoslavia are : * [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] * [[ | |||
| 85546527 | 0 | of the former yugoslavia . = = further reading = = * allcock , john b . : explaining yugoslavia . new york : columbia university press , 2000 . * | brad k . blitz ( ed . ) | misha glenny : | ' ' war and change in the balkans . nationalism , conflict and cooperation ' ' . cambridge : cambridge university press , 2006 [ paperback isbn - 139780521677738 , isbn | ||
| 1 | = * allcock , john b . : explaining yugoslavia . new york : columbia university press , 2000 . * brad k . blitz ( ed . ) ' ' | the | fall 2003 , pp . 113 - 130 * gutman , roy . : ' ' a witness to genocide . the 1993 pulitzer prize - winning dispatches on the " | ||||
| 5 | press , 2002 [ 3rd edition ] * ramet , sabrina p 2004 ‘explaining the yugoslav meltdown . “for a charm of pow ’ rful trouble , like a hell - | broth boil and bubble ” : theories about the roots of the yugoslav troubles ’ , ' ' nationalities papers ' ' , vol . 32 , no . 4 , december 2004 , pp . 731 | 14 | - 63 * ramet , sabrina p 2006 ' ' thinking about yugoslavia : scholarly debates about the yugoslav breakup and the wars in bosnia and kosovo ' ' . cambridge | |||
| 6 | about the roots of the yugoslav troubles ’ , ' ' nationalities papers ' ' , vol . 32 , no . 4 , december 2004 , pp . 731 - | 026101 - x | = = legacy = = the present - day countries created from the former parts of yugoslavia are : * [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] * [[ croatia ]] * [[ | ||||
| 7 | = * allcock , john b . : explaining yugoslavia . new york : columbia university press , 2000 . * brad k . blitz ( ed . ) ' ' | war and change in the balkans . nationalism , conflict and cooperation ' ' . cambridge : cambridge university press , 2006 [ paperback isbn - 139780521677738 , isbn - 100521677734 ] | * chan , adrian : ' ' free to choose : a teacher ' s resource and activity guide to revolution and reform in eastern europe ' ' . stanford , | ||||
| 8 | : a teacher ' s resource and activity guide to revolution and reform in eastern europe ' ' . stanford , ca : spice , 1991 . ed 351 248 . | * bunce , valerie 1999 ' ' subversive institutions ' ' . cambridge : cambridge university press | * clark , ramsey : ' ' nato in the balkans : voices of opposition ' ' . international action center , 1998 . * cohen , lenard j . : | ||||
| 9 | , 1998 . * cohen , lenard j . : ' ' broken bonds : the disintegration of yugoslavia ' ' . boulder , co : westview press , 1993 . | * conversi , daniele ' central secession : towards a new analytical concept ? the case of former yugoslavia ' , ' ' journal of ethnic and migration studies ' ' , vol . 26 , no . 2 , april 2000 , pp . 333 - 356 * cushman , tom ' ' critical theory and the war in croatia and bosnia ' ' . seattle : university of washington press / henry m . jackson school of international studies ( ' the donald w . treadgold papers in russian , east european and central asian studies ' , nº 13 , 1998 ) * cushman , tom and stipe mestrovic ( eds ) ' ' this time we knew . western responses to the war in bosnia ' ' . | new york : new york university press , 1996 * dragnich , alex n . : ' ' serbs and croats . the struggle in yugoslavia ' ' . new york | ||||
| 10 | ) * cushman , tom and stipe mestrovic ( eds ) ' ' this time we knew . western responses to the war in bosnia ' ' . new york : | new york university press , 1996 | * dragnich , alex n . : ' ' serbs and croats . the struggle in yugoslavia ' ' . new york : harcourt brace jovanovich , 1992 . * djuric | ||||
| 11 | , 1996 * dragnich , alex n . : ' ' serbs and croats . the struggle in yugoslavia ' ' . new york : harcourt brace jovanovich , 1992 . | * djuric , ivana 2003 ‘the croatian diaspora in north america : identity , ethnic solidarity , and the formation of a ‘transnational national community ’ ’ , international journal of politics , culture and society , vol . 17 , no . 1 , | fall 2003 , pp . 113 - 130 * gutman , roy . : ' ' a witness to genocide . the 1993 pulitzer prize - winning dispatches on the " | ||||
| 12 | solidarity , and the formation of a ‘transnational national community ’ ’ , international journal of politics , culture and society , vol . 17 , no . 1 , fall | 2003 , pp . 113 - 130 | * gutman , roy . : ' ' a witness to genocide . the 1993 pulitzer prize - winning dispatches on the " ethnic cleansing " of bosnia ' ' . | ||||
| 14 | * hayden , robert m . : blueprints for a house divided : the constitutional logic of the yugoslav conflicts . ann arbor : university of michigan press , 2000 . | * hodge , carole 1999 the serb lobby in the united kingdom . seattle : university of washington press / henry m . jackson school of international studies ( ' the donald w . treadgold papers in russian , east european and central asian studies ' , nº no . 22 , 1999 ) | * jelavich , barbara : ' ' history of the balkans : eighteenth and nineteenth centuries ' ' , volume 1 . new york : american council of learned societies , | ||||
| 15 | ed 236 094 . * johnstone , diana : ' ' fools ’ crusade : yugoslavia , nato , and western delusions ' ' . monthly review press , 2002 . | * kent , gregory 2005 ' ' framing war and genocide : british policy and news media reaction to the war in bosnia ' ' . cresskill , nj : hampton press * ramet , sabrina p . ' ' balkan babel . the disintegration | of yugoslavia from the death of tito to the insurrection in kosovo ' ' . bouder , co : westview press , 2002 [ 3rd edition ] * ramet , sabrina | ||||
| 17 | about the roots of the yugoslav troubles ’ , ' ' nationalities papers ' ' , vol . 32 , no . 4 , december 2004 , pp . 731 - | 63 * ramet , sabrina p 2006 ' ' thinking about yugoslavia : scholarly debates about the yugoslav breakup and the wars in bosnia and kosovo ' ' . cambridge : cambridge university press * simms , brendan 2001 ' ' unfinest hour : how britain helped to destroy bosnia ' ' . allen lane / penguin press | * silber , laura and allan little : " yugoslavia : death of a nation . " new york : penguin books , 1997 . * owen , david : ' | ||||
| 18 | 2002 . * [[ rebecca west | west , rebecca ]] : ' ' black lamb and gray falcon : a journey through yugoslavia ' ' . viking , 1941 . | * carmichael , cathie . 2005 ‘t | = = legacy = = the present - day countries created from the former parts of yugoslavia are : * [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] * [[ croatia ]] * [[ | ||||
| 87452403 | 8 | _ this is the only reliable information on this page . yuogoslavia is my favorite place . in there you can have rotten egg battles with your mother , cousin , | century , mainly because of the harsh policies against any freedom movements occupied southern slavs could possibly have , practiced by both austrian and hungarian dictators . as | , uncle , aunt , daughter , son , brother , sister , mother , father , 2nd cousin , 3rd cousin , 4th cousin once removed , 19th cousin 20 | |||
| 21 | the last remnants of the former yugoslav federation . _ _ toc _ _ this is the only reliable information on this page . yuogoslavia is my favorite place . in | there you can have rotten egg battles with your mother | , cousin , uncle , aunt , daughter , son , brother , sister , mother , father , 2nd cousin , 3rd cousin , 4th cousin once removed , 19th | ||||
| 22 | toc _ _ this is the only reliable information on this page . yuogoslavia is my favorite place . in there you can have rotten egg battles with your mother , | cousin | , uncle , aunt , daughter , son , brother , sister , mother , father , 2nd cousin , 3rd cousin , 4th cousin once removed , 19th cousin 20 | ||||
| 87847188 | 12 | a [[ socialism | socialist ]] successor state to the kingdom of yugoslavia , existed under various names , including the " democratic federation of yugoslavia ( dfy ) " ( | [[ | 1943 ]] ) , the " federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ( fpry ) " ( [[ 1946 ]] ) , and the " [[ socialist federal republic of | |||
| 13 | socialism | socialist ]] successor state to the kingdom of yugoslavia , existed under various names , including the " democratic federation of yugoslavia ( dfy ) " ( [[ 1943 | ]] | ) , the " federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ( fpry ) " ( [[ 1946 ]] ) , and the " [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] | ||||
| 14 | including the " democratic federation of yugoslavia ( dfy ) " ( [[ 1943 ]] ) , the " federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ( fpry ) " ( | [[ | 1946 ]] ) , and the " [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( sfry ) " ( [[ 1963 ]] ) . it disintegrated following the [[ yugoslav wars | ||||
| 15 | " democratic federation of yugoslavia ( dfy ) " ( [[ 1943 ]] ) , the " federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ( fpry ) " ( [[ 1946 | ]] | ) , and the " [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( sfry ) " ( [[ 1963 ]] ) . it disintegrated following the [[ yugoslav wars ]] , | ||||
| 16 | people ' s republic of yugoslavia ( fpry ) " ( [[ 1946 ]] ) , and the " [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( sfry ) " ( | [[ | 1963 ]] ) . it disintegrated following the [[ yugoslav wars ]] , which led to the secession of most of the constituent elements of the sfry . the ' ' | ||||
| 17 | s republic of yugoslavia ( fpry ) " ( [[ 1946 ]] ) , and the " [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( sfry ) " ( [[ 1963 | ]] | ) . it disintegrated following the [[ yugoslav wars ]] , which led to the secession of most of the constituent elements of the sfry . the ' ' ' federal | ||||
| 22 | ) , its more immediate concern was to head off italian claims in [[ istria ]] and [[ dalmatia ]] , which was a very real concern . in [[ 1915 | ]] | , the allies had lured the italians into the war with promise of substantial territorial gains in exchange . according to the secret [[ london pact ]] , these included istria | ||||
| 45 | ]] . the [[ red army ]] aided in liberating [[ belgrade ]] as well as some other territories , but withdrew after the war was over . in [[ may | ]] | 1945 , nov met with allied forces outside former yugoslav borders , after taking over also [[ trieste ]] and parts of [[ austria | austrian ]] southern provinces [[ styria | ||||
| 57 | provided housing , health care , education , and child care . citizens lived well on a per capita income of $ 3 , 000 a year ( in [[ 1980 | ]] | dollars ) , with one month paid vacation , plus a year ' s maternity leave , if needed . respect for workers was a central concern of government and society | ||||
| 63 | interests and began pushing towards [[ neoliberalism ]] , to the delight of the us . it was the [[ ronald reagan | reagan ]] administration which , in [[ 1984 | ]] | , had adopted a " [[ shock therapy ( economics ) | shock therapy ]] " proposal to push yugoslavia towards a capitalist restoration . this , naturally , undermined a | ||||
| 67 | as well as unification with [[ albania ]] . [[ image : ante marković . jpg | thumb | right | 200px | [[ ante marković ]] ]] in [[ 1989 | ]] | [[ jeffrey sachs ]] was in yugoslavia helping the federal government under [[ ante marković ]] prepare the imf / [[ world bank group | world bank ]] " [[ shock | ||||
| 88624227 | 1 | | thumb | a [[ hyperinflation ]] note of 50 & nbsp ; [[ 1000000000 ( number ) | billion ]] [[ yugoslav dinar | dinars ]] ( 1993 ) ]] | --> | on saturday , [[ march 31 ]] , [[ 2001 ]] , milošević surrendered to yugoslav security forces from his home in belgrade , following a recent warrant for his arrest | |||
| 89768655 | 14 | graphic pictures of the drama unfolding in the neighbouring jugoslavia , england , holland , albania and even such distant countries as australia , saudi arab emirates , libia , and | [[ | al - qaida ' s afghan - tested mujaheedins , trained by the cia . . since the mid - 1980s , the vatican and austria had started an active campaign | |||
| 15 | the drama unfolding in the neighbouring jugoslavia , england , holland , albania and even such distant countries as australia , saudi arab emirates , libia , and al - qaida | ]] | ' s afghan - tested mujaheedins , trained by the cia . . since the mid - 1980s , the vatican and austria had started an active campaign in east central | ||||
| 90777430 | 0 | , 1998 . * cohen , lenard j . : ' ' broken bonds : the disintegration of yugoslavia ' ' . boulder , co : westview press , 1993 . | * conversi , daniele : " german - bashing and the breakup of yugoslavia " , the donald w . treadgold papers in russian , east european and central asian studies , no . 16 , march 1998 ( university of washington : hmj school of international studies ) http : / / easyweb . easynet . co . uk / conversi / german . html | * dragnich , alex n . : ' ' serbs and croats . the struggle in yugoslavia ' ' . new york : harcourt brace jovanovich , 1992 . * gutman | |||
| 92027256 | 12 | serbia ]] ( including the autonomous provinces of [[ vojvodina ]] and [[ kosovo and metohija ]] ) and [[ montenegro ]] . on [[ february 4 ]] , [[ 2003 | ]] , the state transformed into a loose commonwealth called [[ serbia and montenegro | ]] and officially abolished the name " yugoslavia . " on [[ june 3 ]] and [[ june 5 ]] , 2006 , montenegro and serbia respectively declared their independence , | |||
| 92352043 | 1 | and serbia respectively declared their independence , thereby ending the last remnants of the former yugoslav federation . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = yeah so . | because of their stature , the members of the yugoslav committee were able to make their views known to the allied governments , which began to take them more seriously as the fate of [[ austro - hungarian empire ]] became more uncertain | . . = = = corfu agreement = = = during june and july 1917 , the yugoslav committee met with the serbian government in corfu and on [[ 20 july | |||
| 2 | serbia respectively declared their independence , thereby ending the last remnants of the former yugoslav federation . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = yeah so . . | while the committee ' s basic aim was the unification of the habsburg south slav lands with serbia ( which was independent at the time ) , its more immediate concern was to head off italian claims in [[ istria ]] and [[ dalmatia ]] | . = = = corfu agreement = = = during june and july 1917 , the yugoslav committee met with the serbian government in corfu and on [[ 20 july ]] | ||||
| 94995394 | 21 | left | thumb | a [[ hyperinflation ]] note of 50 & nbsp ; [[ 1000000000 ( number ) | billion ]] [[ yugoslav dinar | dinars ]] ( 1993 ) | . | ]] --> on saturday , [[ march 31 ]] , [[ 2001 ]] , milošević surrendered to yugoslav security forces from his home in belgrade , following a recent warrant for | |||
| 95371782 | 0 | ed 236 094 . * johnstone , diana : ' ' fools ’ crusade : yugoslavia , nato , and western delusions ' ' . monthly review press , 2002 . | * kohlmann , evan f . : ' ' al - qaida ' s jihad in europe : the afghan - bosnian network ' ' berg , new york 2004 , isbn 1 - 85973 - 802 - 8 ; 1 - 85973 - 807 - 9 . | * silber , laura and allan little : " yugoslavia : death of a nation . " new york : penguin books , 1997 . * owen , david : ' | |||
| 95508011 | 0 | 2002 . * [[ rebecca west | west , rebecca ]] : ' ' black lamb and gray falcon : a journey through yugoslavia ' ' . viking , 1941 . | white t . another fool in the balkans - in the footsteps of rebecca west . cadogan guides , london , 2006 . | * misha glenny : ' ' the fall of yugoslavia : the third balkan war ' ' , isbn 0 - 14 - 026101 - x * http : / / | |||
| 103590946 | 0 | axis powers ]] and capitulated eleven days later . the ' ' ' second yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ november 29 ]] , [[ 1943 ]] & ndash ; [[ | october 8 | june 25 | ]] , [[ 1991 ]] ) , a [[ socialism | socialist ]] successor state to the kingdom of yugoslavia , existed under various names , including the " democratic federation | ||
| 1 | , which led to the secession of most of the constituent elements of the sfry . the ' ' ' federal republic of yugoslavia ' ' ' ( fry ) ( | [[ april 27 ]] , [[ | 1992 - 2003 ) was a [[ federation ]] on the [[ federal republic of yugoslavia | territory of the two remaining republics ]] of [[ serbia ]] ( including the | ||||
| 104839069 | 1 | large yugoslavia in 1980 was 23 , 000 , 000 million . after it broke in 1990 13 , 000 , 000 million and now over 10 , 000 , 000 | , and 0 since 2002 | . the population of yugoslavia will be growing until 2014 and then it will be going down with 40 , 000 - 50 , 000 people a year . 2006 estimates | |||
| 104840327 | 2 | large yugoslavia in 1980 was 23 , 000 , 000 million . after it broke in 1990 13 , 000 , 000 million , then over 10 , 000 , 000 | , and 0 since 2002 | . = = = the government = = = [[ image : proslavatito . jpg | thumb | right | 200px | 1968 . [[ league of communists of yugoslavia | | |||
| 105304410 | 0 | [[ 1941 ]] by the [[ axis powers ]] and capitulated eleven days later . the ' ' ' second yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ november 29 ]] , [[ | 1943 | 1945 | ]] & ndash ; [[ june 25 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] ) , a [[ socialism | socialist ]] successor state to the kingdom of yugoslavia , existed under various | ||
| 105328602 | 0 | [[ 1941 ]] by the [[ axis powers ]] and capitulated eleven days later . the ' ' ' second yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ november 29 ]] , [[ | 1945 | 1943 | ]] & ndash ; [[ june 25 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] ) , a [[ socialism | socialist ]] successor state to the kingdom of yugoslavia , existed under various | ||
| 105888134 | 1 | . = = = population = = = the population of the large yugoslavia in 1980 was 23 , 000 , 000 million . after it broke in 1990 13 , | 000 | 200 | , 000 million . = = = the government = = = [[ image : proslavatito . jpg | thumb | right | 200px | 1968 . [[ league of communists | ||
| 107938591 | 8 | of michigan press , 2000 . * jelavich , barbara : ' ' history of the balkans : eighteenth and nineteenth centuries ' ' , volume 1 . new york : | american council of learned societies , 1983 | ed 236 093 . * jelavich , barbara : ' ' history of the balkans : twentieth century ' ' , volume 2 . new york : american council of learned | |||
| 35 | the last days of yugoslavia . penguin books . new york , 1994 * allcock , john b . : explaining yugoslavia . new york : columbia university press , 2000 | . | * chan , adrian : ' ' free to choose : a teacher ' s resource and activity guide to revolution and reform in eastern europe ' ' . stanford , | ||||
| 36 | choose : a teacher ' s resource and activity guide to revolution and reform in eastern europe ' ' . stanford , ca : spice , 1991 . ed 351 248 | . | * clark , ramsey : ' ' nato in the balkans : voices of opposition ' ' . international action center , 1998 . * cohen , lenard j . : | ||||
| 37 | spice , 1991 . ed 351 248 . * clark , ramsey : ' ' nato in the balkans : voices of opposition ' ' . international action center , 1998 | . | * cohen , lenard j . : ' ' broken bonds : the disintegration of yugoslavia ' ' . boulder , co : westview press , 1993 . * conversi , | ||||
| 38 | center , 1998 . * cohen , lenard j . : ' ' broken bonds : the disintegration of yugoslavia ' ' . boulder , co : westview press , 1993 | . | * conversi , daniele : " german - bashing and the breakup of yugoslavia " , the donald w . treadgold papers in russian , east european and central asian studies | ||||
| 39 | german . html * dragnich , alex n . : ' ' serbs and croats . the struggle in yugoslavia ' ' . new york : harcourt brace jovanovich , 1992 | . | * gutman , roy . : ' ' a witness to genocide . the 1993 pulitzer prize - winning dispatches on the " ethnic cleansing " of bosnia ' ' . | ||||
| 40 | ' ' a witness to genocide . the 1993 pulitzer prize - winning dispatches on the " ethnic cleansing " of bosnia ' ' . new york : macmillan , 1993 | . | * harris , judy j . : ' ' yugoslavia today ' ' . southern social studies journal 16 ( fall 1990 ) : 78 - 101 . ej 430 520 | ||||
| 41 | * harris , judy j . : ' ' yugoslavia today ' ' . southern social studies journal 16 ( fall 1990 ) : 78 - 101 . ej 430 520 | . | * hayden , robert m . : blueprints for a house divided : the constitutional logic of the yugoslav conflicts . ann arbor : university of michigan press , 2000 . | ||||
| 42 | . * hayden , robert m . : blueprints for a house divided : the constitutional logic of the yugoslav conflicts . ann arbor : university of michigan press , 2000 | . | * jelavich , barbara : ' ' history of the balkans : eighteenth and nineteenth centuries ' ' , volume 1 . new york : american council of learned societies , | ||||
| 43 | ' ' history of the balkans : eighteenth and nineteenth centuries ' ' , volume 1 . new york : american council of learned societies , 1983 . ed 236 093 | . | * jelavich , barbara : ' ' history of the balkans : twentieth century ' ' , volume 2 . new york : american council of learned societies , 1983 . | ||||
| 44 | societies , 1983 . ed 236 093 . * jelavich , barbara : ' ' history of the balkans : twentieth century ' ' , volume 2 . new york : | american council of learned societies , 1983 . | ed 236 094 . * johnstone , diana : ' ' fools ’ crusade : yugoslavia , nato , and western delusions ' ' . monthly review press , 2002 . | ||||
| 45 | barbara : ' ' history of the balkans : twentieth century ' ' , volume 2 . new york : american council of learned societies , 1983 . ed 236 094 | . | * johnstone , diana : ' ' fools ’ crusade : yugoslavia , nato , and western delusions ' ' . monthly review press , 2002 . * kohlmann , evan | ||||
| 46 | . ed 236 094 . * johnstone , diana : ' ' fools ’ crusade : yugoslavia , nato , and western delusions ' ' . monthly review press , 2002 | . | * kohlmann , evan f . : ' ' al - qaida ' s jihad in europe : the afghan - bosnian network ' ' berg , new york 2004 , | ||||
| 48 | - 85973 - 807 - 9 . * silber , laura and allan little : " yugoslavia : death of a nation . " new york : penguin books , 1997 | . | * owen , david : ' ' balkan odyssey ' ' . harcourt ( harvest book ) , 1997 . * sacco , joe : ' ' safe area gorazde : | ||||
| 49 | allan little : " yugoslavia : death of a nation . " new york : penguin books , 1997 . * owen , david : ' ' balkan odyssey ' ' | . | harcourt ( harvest book ) , 1997 . * sacco , joe : ' ' safe area gorazde : the war in eastern bosnia 1992 - 1995 ' ' . fantagraphics | ||||
| 50 | a nation . " new york : penguin books , 1997 . * owen , david : ' ' balkan odyssey ' ' . harcourt ( harvest book ) , 1997 | . | * sacco , joe : ' ' safe area gorazde : the war in eastern bosnia 1992 - 1995 ' ' . fantagraphics books , january , 2002 . * [[ | ||||
| 52 | , 2002 . * [[ rebecca west | west , rebecca ]] : ' ' black lamb and gray falcon : a journey through yugoslavia ' ' . viking , 1941 | . | white t . another fool in the balkans - in the footsteps of rebecca west . cadogan guides , london , 2006 . * misha glenny : ' ' the fall | ||||
| 53 | through yugoslavia ' ' . viking , 1941 . white t . another fool in the balkans - in the footsteps of rebecca west . cadogan guides , london , 2006 | . | * misha glenny : ' ' the fall of yugoslavia : the third balkan war ' ' , isbn 0 - 14 - 026101 - x * http : / / | ||||
| 109143757 | 0 | german . html * dragnich , alex n . : ' ' serbs and croats . the struggle in yugoslavia ' ' . new york : harcourt brace jovanovich , 1992 | * fisher , sharon : ' ' political change in post - communist slovakia and croatia : from nationalist to europeanist ' ' . | * gutman , roy . : ' ' a witness to genocide . the 1993 pulitzer prize - winning dispatches on the " ethnic cleansing " of bosnia ' ' . | |||
| 2 | roy . : ' ' a witness to genocide . the 1993 pulitzer prize - winning dispatches on the " ethnic cleansing " of bosnia ' ' . new york : | new york : | macmillan , 1993 * harris , judy j . : ' ' yugoslavia today ' ' . southern social studies journal 16 ( fall 1990 ) : 78 - 101 . | ||||
| 117552842 | 0 | january , 2002 * [[ rebecca west | west , rebecca ]] : ' ' black lamb and gray falcon : a journey through yugoslavia ' ' . viking , 1941 | * | white t . another fool in the balkans - in the footsteps of rebecca west . cadogan guides , london , 2006 * misha glenny : ' ' the fall of | |||
| 1 | 14 - 026101 - x * http : / / www . time . com / time / magazine / article / 0 , 9171 , 796967 , 00 . html | , monday , dec . 04 , 1944 | = = legacy = = = = = new states = = = the present - day countries created from the former parts of yugoslavia are : * [[ bosnia and | ||||
| 118201560 | 1 | / / www . time . com / time / magazine / article / 0 , 9171 , 796967 , 00 . html , monday , dec . 04 , 1944 | new power ] | = = legacy = = = = = new states = = = the present - day countries created from the former parts of yugoslavia are : * [[ bosnia and | |||
| 131422302 | 0 | through yugoslavia ' ' . viking , 1941 * white t . another fool in the balkans - in the footsteps of rebecca west . cadogan guides , london , 2006 | glenny , misha , ' ' the balkans : nationalism , war and the great powers , 1804 - 1999 ' ' ( london : penguin books ltd , 2000 ) | * gutman , roy . : ' ' a witness to genocide . the 1993 pulitzer prize - winning dispatches on the " ethnic cleansing " of bosnia ' ' . | |||
| 1 | yugoslavia ' ' . viking , 1941 * white t . another fool in the balkans - in the footsteps of rebecca west . cadogan guides , london , 2006 * | * [[ | misha glenny : ' ' the fall of yugoslavia : the third balkan war ' ' , isbn 0 - 14 - 026101 - x * [ http : / / | ||||
| 137226277 | 1 | ' ' . new york : palgrave macmillan , 2006 * glenny , misha , ' ' the balkans : nationalism , war and the great powers , 1804 - 1999 | ]] | ' ' ( london : penguin books ltd , 2000 ) * gutman , roy . : ' ' a witness to genocide . the 1993 pulitzer prize - winning dispatches | |||
| 2 | ' ' history of the balkans : eighteenth and nineteenth centuries ' ' , volume 1 . new york : american council of learned societies , 1983 ed 236 093 * | [[ | jelavich , barbara : ' ' history of the balkans : twentieth century ' ' , volume 2 . new york : american council of learned societies , 1983 . ed | ||||
| 3 | of the balkans : eighteenth and nineteenth centuries ' ' , volume 1 . new york : american council of learned societies , 1983 ed 236 093 * jelavich , barbara | ]] | : ' ' history of the balkans : twentieth century ' ' , volume 2 . new york : american council of learned societies , 1983 . ed 236 094 * | ||||
| 139904818 | 0 | * fisher , sharon : ' ' political change in post - communist slovakia and croatia : from nationalist to europeanist ' ' . new york : palgrave macmillan , 2006 | isbn 1 4039 7286 9 | * glenny , misha , ' ' [[ the balkans : nationalism , war and the great powers , 1804 - 1999 ]] ' ' ( london : penguin books ltd | |||
| 161971918 | 1 | article / articleprint / 10551 / < / ref > has been established , the largest of its kind anywhere in [[ southern europe ]] . between 300 , 000 and | 700 | 70 | , 000 people have perished in this [[ genocide | jasenovac concentration camp ]] ( supervised directly by the [[ croatian ]] wartime politicians such as [[ ante pavelic ]] ) | ||
| 162054073 | 1 | article / articleprint / 10551 / < / ref > has been established , the largest of its kind anywhere in [[ southern europe ]] . between 30 , 000 and | 70 | 700 | , 000 people have perished in this [[ genocide | jasenovac concentration camp ]] ( supervised directly by the [[ croatian ]] wartime politicians such as [[ ante pavelic ]] ) | ||
| 165059312 | 7 | as [[ ante pavelic ]] ) ; the victims were overwhelmingly of [[ serbs | serbian origin ]] , but also 40 , 000 [[ roma ]] and 32 , 000 | . however , subsequent research has determined those figures to be pure conjecture and that the real numbers amounted to c . 45000 to 50000 in total - of all nationalities from former yugoslavia . | [[ jews ]] , < ref > http : / / www . jasenovac . org / < / ref > < ref > http : / / www . jewishvirtuallibrary | |||
| 165066939 | 1 | and 32 , 000 jews . however , subsequent research has determined those figures to be grossly over - inflated and that the real numbers amounted to c . 45000 to | 50000 | 70000 | in total - of all nationalities from former yugoslavia . , < ref > http : / / www . jasenovac . org / < / ref > < ref > | ||
| 165067266 | 0 | determined those figures to be grossly over - inflated and that the real numbers amounted to c . 60000 to 70000 in total ( bespuća povijesne zbiljnosti ( 1989 . ) | ( izvorno izvješće zemaljske komisije hrvatske ( 1946 . ) | ) - of all nationalities from former yugoslavia . , < ref > http : / / www . jasenovac . org / < / ref > < ref > http | |||
| 167812918 | 0 | : a teacher ' s resource and activity guide to revolution and reform in eastern europe ' ' . stanford , ca : spice , 1991 . ed 351 248 * | clark | cigar | , ramsey : ' ' nato in the balkans : voices of opposition ' ' . international action center , 1998 * cohen , lenard j . : ' ' broken | ||
| 7 | ca : spice , 1991 . ed 351 248 * clark , ramsey : ' ' nato in the balkans : voices of opposition ' ' . international action center , | 1998 | 1995 | * cohen , lenard j . : ' ' broken bonds : the disintegration of yugoslavia ' ' . boulder , co : westview press , 1993 * conversi , daniele | |||
| 8 | ' [[ history of the balkans : twentieth century ]] ' ' , volume 2 . new york : american council of learned societies , 1983 . ed 236 094 * | hoare | * jelavich , barbara : ' ' history of the balkans : eighteenth and nineteenth centuries ' ' , volume 1 . new york : american council of learned societies , | ||||
| 9 | history of the balkans : twentieth century ]] ' ' , volume 2 . new york : american council of learned societies , 1983 . ed 236 094 * johnstone , | marko a . , | , diana : ' ' fools ’ crusade : yugoslavia , nato , and western delusions ' ' . monthly review press , 2002 * kohlmann , evan f . : | ||||
| 13 | , 1983 . ed 236 094 * johnstone , diana : ' ' fools ’ crusade : yugoslavia , nato , and western delusions ' ' . monthly review press , | * ramet , sabrina , ' ' the three yugoslavias : state - building and legitimation , 1918 - 2003 ' ' . bloomington : indiana university | press , 2002 * kohlmann , evan f . : ' ' al - qaida ' s jihad in europe : the afghan - bosnian network ' ' berg , new | ||||
| 14 | death of a nation . " new york : penguin books , 1997 * owen , david : ' ' balkan odyssey ' ' harcourt ( harvest book ) , 1997 | 2006 | * sacco , joe : ' ' safe area gorazde : the war in eastern bosnia 1992 - 1995 ' ' . fantagraphics books , january , 2002 * [[ rebecca | ||||
| 15 | ' [[ history of the balkans : twentieth century ]] ' ' , volume 2 . new york : american council of learned societies , 1983 . ed 236 094 * | johnstone | , diana : ' ' fools ’ crusade : yugoslavia , nato , and western delusions ' ' . monthly review press , 2002 * kohlmann , evan f . : | ||||
| 19 | council of learned societies , 1983 . ed 236 094 * johnstone , diana : ' ' fools ’ crusade : yugoslavia , nato , and western delusions ' ' . | monthly review | press , 2002 * kohlmann , evan f . : ' ' al - qaida ' s jihad in europe : the afghan - bosnian network ' ' berg , new | ||||
| 20 | , 1983 . ed 236 094 * johnstone , diana : ' ' fools ’ crusade : yugoslavia , nato , and western delusions ' ' . monthly review press , | 2002 | * kohlmann , evan f . : ' ' al - qaida ' s jihad in europe : the afghan - bosnian network ' ' berg , new york 2004 , | ||||
| 168734899 | 2 | republic of yugoslavia ( fpry ) " ( 1946 ) , and the " [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( sfry ) " ( 1963 ) . starting in | [[ | 1991 ]] , the sfry disintegrated in the [[ yugoslav wars ]] which followed the secession of most of the republic ' s constituent elements . the ' ' ' federal | |||
| 12 | united states and most european countries * [[ april 28 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , the formation of fry ( see below ) * [[ november ]] , [[ 1995 | ]] | , peace signed in dayton by leaders of yugoslavia , bosnia and herzegovina and croatia * [[ 1996 ]] - [[ 1999 ]] clashes between yugoslav army and [[ kosovo liberation | ||||
| 20 | liberation army | kla ]] * [[ march 24 ]] - [[ june 10 ]] , [[ 1999 ]] nato bombing of fr yugoslavia * [[ june ]] , [[ 1999 | ]] | un and nato administration arrived in kosovo * [[ february 5 ]] , [[ 2003 ]] state union of serbia and montenegro announced * [[ june 5 ]] , [[ 2006 | ||||
| 24 | serbia and montenegro announced * [[ june 5 ]] , [[ 2006 ]] after referendum in montenegro , serbia and montenegro declared their independences * [[ december ]] , [[ 2006 | ]] | - present day , diplomatic talks on future status of kosovo began in [[ vienna ]] . = = federal republic of yugoslavia = = [[ image : yugoslaviamap . png | ||||
| 173423933 | 0 | and [[ kosovo and metohija ]] ) and [[ montenegro ]] . the union of [[ serbia and montenegro ]] was formed on [[ february 4 ]] , [[ 2003 ]] | , | and officially abolished the name " yugoslavia . " on [[ june 3 ]] and [[ june 5 ]] , 2006 , montenegro and serbia respectively declared their independence , thereby | |||
| 2 | [[ image : sfryugoslavianumbered . png | thumb | 200px | right | numbered map of yugoslav republics and provinces . ]] on [[ january 31 ]] , [[ 1946 ]] | , | the new [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution ]] of [[ federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ]] , modeling the [[ soviet union ]] | ||||
| 3 | and croats , the serbs ( having in mind croatian serbs ) should also have a right to self - determination . on [[ march 9 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] | , | demonstrations were held against slobodan milošević in [[ belgrade ]] , but the police and the military were deployed in the streets to restore order , killing two people . in | ||||
| 4 | republic in borders of bosnia and herzegovina and staying in a common state with [[ serbia ]] and [[ montenegro ]] . on [[ january 9 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] | , | the self - proclaimed bosnian serb assembly proclaimed a separate " republic of the serb people of bosnia and herzegovina " . the referendum and creation of sars were proclaimed [[ | ||||
| 5 | croatia * 1996 - 1999 clashes between yugoslav army and [[ kosovo liberation army | kla ]] * [[ march 24 ]] - [[ june 10 ]] , [[ 1999 ]] | , | nato bombing of fr yugoslavia * june , 1999 un and nato administration arrived in kosovo * [[ february 5 ]] , [[ 2003 ]] state union of serbia and montenegro | ||||
| 7 | and nato administration arrived in kosovo * [[ february 5 ]] , [[ 2003 ]] state union of serbia and montenegro announced * [[ june 5 ]] , [[ 2006 ]] | , | after referendum in montenegro , serbia and montenegro declared their independences * december , 2006 - present day , diplomatic talks on future status of kosovo began in [[ vienna ]] | ||||
| 13 | indiana university press , 2006 * sacco , joe : ' ' safe area gorazde : the war in eastern bosnia 1992 - 1995 ' ' . fantagraphics books , january | , | 2002 * silber , laura and allan little : " yugoslavia : death of a nation . " new york : penguin books , 1997 * [[ rebecca west | west | ||||
| 176733922 | 0 | x * [ http : / / www . time . com / time / magazine / article / 0 , 9171 , 796967 , 00 . html new power ] | " sarajevo roses : war memoirs of a peacekeeper . " anne marie du preez bezdrob . oshun , 2002 . isbn 177007031 | = = legacy = = = = = new states = = = the present - day countries created from the former parts of yugoslavia are : * [[ bosnia and | |||
| 177755721 | 2 | * hoare , marko a . , ' ' a history of bosnia : from the middle ages to the present day ' ' . london : saqi , 2007 * | [[ barbara | jelavich , barbara : ' ' history of the balkans : eighteenth and nineteenth centuries ' ' , volume 1 . new york : american council of learned societies , 1983 | |||
| 3 | hoare , marko a . , ' ' a history of bosnia : from the middle ages to the present day ' ' . london : saqi , 2007 * jelavich | | | jelavich , barbara ]] : ' ' [[ history of the balkans : twentieth century ]] ' ' , volume 2 . new york : american council of learned societies , | ||||
| 4 | : ' ' history of the balkans : eighteenth and nineteenth centuries ' ' , volume 1 . new york : american council of learned societies , 1983 ed 236 093 | * [[ barbara jelavich | jelavich , barbara ]] : | ' ' [[ history of the balkans : twentieth century ]] ' ' , volume 2 . new york : american council of learned societies , 1983 . ed 236 094 | ||||
| 9 | 1997 * [[ rebecca west | west , rebecca ]] : ' ' black lamb and gray falcon : a journey through yugoslavia ' ' . viking , 1941 * white | , | t . another fool in the balkans - in the footsteps of rebecca west . cadogan guides , london , 2006 * [[ misha glenny ]] : ' ' the fall | ||||
| 16 | hoare , marko a . , ' ' a history of bosnia : from the middle ages to the present day ' ' . london : saqi , 2007 * jelavich | , barbara : | ' ' history of the balkans : eighteenth and nineteenth centuries ' ' , volume 1 . new york : american council of learned societies , 1983 ed 236 093 * | ||||
| 17 | : ' ' history of the balkans : eighteenth and nineteenth centuries ' ' , volume 1 . new york : american council of learned societies , 1983 ed 236 093 | * [[ | jelavich , barbara ]] : ' ' [[ history of the balkans : twentieth century ]] ' ' , volume 2 . new york : american council of learned societies , | ||||
| 19 | . com / time / magazine / article / 0 , 9171 , 796967 , 00 . html new power ] " sarajevo roses : war memoirs of a peacekeeper . | " anne marie du preez bezdrob . | oshun , 2002 . isbn 177007031 = = legacy = = = = = new states = = = the present - day countries created from the former parts of yugoslavia | ||||
| 183584544 | 0 | , and [[ slovenia ]] . the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' ( [[ 1 december ]] , [[ 1918 ]] & ndash ; [[ | april 17 | november 29 | ]] , [[ 1941 ]] ) , also known as the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia | first yugoslavia ]] , was a [[ monarchy ]] formed as the " kingdom of | ||
| 1 | . the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' ( [[ 1 december ]] , [[ 1918 ]] & ndash ; [[ april 17 ]] , [[ | 1941 | 1943 ]] / [[ 1945 | ]] ) , also known as the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia | first yugoslavia ]] , was a [[ monarchy ]] formed as the " kingdom of serbs , croats and | |||
| 184057204 | 10 | the " democratic federation of yugoslavia ( dfy ) " ( 1943 ) , the " federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ( fpry ) " ( 1946 ) , | and | the " [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( sfry ) " ( 1963 ) . starting in 1991 , the sfry disintegrated in the [[ yugoslav wars ]] which | |||
| 184062418 | 16 | www . jasenovac . org / < / ref > < ref > http : / / www . jewishvirtuallibrary . org / jsource / holocaust / jasenovac . html < | / ref > < ref > http : / / www . vrisak . info / index . php ? option = com _ content & task = view & id = 1910 & itemid = 2 < / ref > < ref > http : / / library . foi . hr / m3 / jrez . asp ? nema = i & b = 0 & n = 50 & v = & j = & k = u & o = & s = & upit = 940 . 547 . 2 & scrollaction = stranica + 2 < / ref > | = = = = resistance movements = = = = {{ pov | date = december 2007 }} {{ main | yugoslav people ' s liberation war }} yugoslavs opposing the | |||
| 184269502 | 0 | . html new power ] * anne marie du preez bezdrob : ' ' sarajevo roses : war memoirs of a peacekeeper ' ' . oshun , 2002 . isbn 177007031 | = = external links = = * [ http : / / www . ericdigests . org / 1995 - 2 / bosnia . htm teaching about conflict and crisis in the former yugoslavia ] * [ http : / / www . ohr . int / ohr - info / maps / maps ] * [ http : / / www . slobodnajugoslavija . com / slobodna jugoslavija ] {{ commons | yugoslavia }} * [ http : / / www . royalfamily . org / the official website of the royal family of serbia ] * [ http : / / vlib . iue . it / history / europe / yugoslavia . html www - vl : history : yugoslavia ] * [ http : / / digital . library . unt . edu / govdocs / crs / search . tkl ? q = yugoslavia & search _ crit = subject & search = search & date1 = anytime & date2 = anytime & type = form congressional research service ( crs ) reports regarding yugoslavia ] * [ http : / / www . foia . cia . gov / cpe / esau / esau - 46 . pdf " yugoslavia : the outworn structure " ( cia ) report from november 1970 ] * [ http : / / news . bbc . co . uk / go / pr / fr / - / 1 / hi / world / europe / 4997380 . stm timeline : break - up of yugoslavia at bbc news ] * [ http : / / books . google . com / books ? id = - 84 _ kkgmf2qc & printsec = frontcover & dq = yugoslavia & lr = & hl = de & sig = ehuyv6lzcu4v7njp _ iingo90aju # ppp15 , m1 the first yugoslavia : search for a viable political system , by alex n . dragnich ] {{ see also | kingdom of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ category : yugoslavia | ]] [[ category : former countries in the balkans ]] [[ category : former countries in europe ]] [[ category : former slavic countries ]] {{ link fa | no }} [[ ar : يوغوسلافيا ]] [[ be : югаславія ]] [[ be - x - old : югаславія ]] [[ br : yougoslavia ]] [[ bg : югославия ]] [[ ca : iugoslàvia ]] [[ cs : jugoslávie ]] [[ cy : iwgoslafia ]] [[ da : jugoslavien ]] [[ de : jugoslawien ]] [[ et : jugoslaavia ]] [[ el : γιουγκοσλαβία ]] [[ es : yugoslavia ]] [[ eo : jugoslavio ]] [[ eu : jugoslaviako errepublika federal sozialista ]] [[ fa : یوگوسلاوی ]] [[ fr : yougoslavie ]] [[ gl : iugoslavia - југославија ]] [[ ko : 유고슬라비아 ]] [[ hsb : juhosłowjanska ]] [[ hr : jugoslavija ]] [[ io : yugoslavia ]] [[ id : yugoslavia ]] [[ is : júgóslavía ]] [[ it : jugoslavia ]] [[ he : יוגוסלביה ]] [[ ka : იუგოსლავია ]] [[ sw : yugoslavia ]] [[ la : iugoslavia ]] [[ lv : dienvidslāvija ]] [[ hu : jugoszlávia ]] [[ mk : југославија ]] [[ ms : yugoslavia ]] [[ nl : joegoslavië ]] [[ ja : ユーゴスラビア ]] [[ no : jugoslavia ]] [[ pl : jugosławia ]] [[ pt : jugoslávia ]] [[ ro : iugoslavia ]] [[ ru : югославия ]] [[ simple : yugoslavia ]] [[ sk : juhoslávia ]] [[ sl : jugoslavija ]] [[ sr : југославија ]] [[ sh : jugoslavija ]] [[ fi : jugoslavia ]] [[ sv : jugoslavien ]] [[ th : ยูโกสลาเวีย ]] [[ vi : nam tư ]] [[ to : ʻiukosilāvia ]] [[ tr : yugoslavya ]] [[ uk : юґославія ]] [[ zh : 南斯拉夫 ]] | ||||
| 184269562 | 1 | . html new power ] * anne marie du preez bezdrob : ' ' sarajevo roses : war memoirs of a peacekeeper ' ' . oshun , 2002 . isbn 177007031 | = = external links = = * [ http : / / www . ericdigests . org / 1995 - 2 / bosnia . htm teaching about conflict and crisis in the former yugoslavia ] * [ http : / / www . ohr . int / ohr - info / maps / maps ] * [ http : / / www . slobodnajugoslavija . com / slobodna jugoslavija ] {{ commons | yugoslavia }} * [ http : / / www . royalfamily . org / the official website of the royal family of serbia ] * [ http : / / vlib . iue . it / history / europe / yugoslavia . html www - vl : history : yugoslavia ] * [ http : / / digital . library . unt . edu / govdocs / crs / search . tkl ? q = yugoslavia & search _ crit = subject & search = search & date1 = anytime & date2 = anytime & type = form congressional research service ( crs ) reports regarding yugoslavia ] * [ http : / / www . foia . cia . gov / cpe / esau / esau - 46 . pdf " yugoslavia : the outworn structure " ( cia ) report from november 1970 ] * [ http : / / news . bbc . co . uk / go / pr / fr / - / 1 / hi / world / europe / 4997380 . stm timeline : break - up of yugoslavia at bbc news ] * [ http : / / books . google . com / books ? id = - 84 _ kkgmf2qc & printsec = frontcover & dq = yugoslavia & lr = & hl = de & sig = ehuyv6lzcu4v7njp _ iingo90aju # ppp15 , m1 the first yugoslavia : search for a viable political system , by alex n . dragnich ] {{ see also | kingdom of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ category : yugoslavia | ]] [[ category : former countries in the balkans ]] [[ category : former countries in europe ]] [[ category : former slavic countries ]] {{ link fa | no }} [[ ar : يوغوسلافيا ]] [[ be : югаславія ]] [[ be - x - old : югаславія ]] [[ br : yougoslavia ]] [[ bg : югославия ]] [[ ca : iugoslàvia ]] [[ cs : jugoslávie ]] [[ cy : iwgoslafia ]] [[ da : jugoslavien ]] [[ de : jugoslawien ]] [[ et : jugoslaavia ]] [[ el : γιουγκοσλαβία ]] [[ es : yugoslavia ]] [[ eo : jugoslavio ]] [[ eu : jugoslaviako errepublika federal sozialista ]] [[ fa : یوگوسلاوی ]] [[ fr : yougoslavie ]] [[ gl : iugoslavia - југославија ]] [[ ko : 유고슬라비아 ]] [[ hsb : juhosłowjanska ]] [[ hr : jugoslavija ]] [[ io : yugoslavia ]] [[ id : yugoslavia ]] [[ is : júgóslavía ]] [[ it : jugoslavia ]] [[ he : יוגוסלביה ]] [[ ka : იუგოსლავია ]] [[ sw : yugoslavia ]] [[ la : iugoslavia ]] [[ lv : dienvidslāvija ]] [[ hu : jugoszlávia ]] [[ mk : југославија ]] [[ ms : yugoslavia ]] [[ nl : joegoslavië ]] [[ ja : ユーゴスラビア ]] [[ no : jugoslavia ]] [[ pl : jugosławia ]] [[ pt : jugoslávia ]] [[ ro : iugoslavia ]] [[ ru : югославия ]] [[ simple : yugoslavia ]] [[ sk : juhoslávia ]] [[ sl : jugoslavija ]] [[ sr : југославија ]] [[ sh : jugoslavija ]] [[ fi : jugoslavia ]] [[ sv : jugoslavien ]] [[ th : ยูโกสลาเวีย ]] [[ vi : nam tư ]] [[ to : ʻiukosilāvia ]] [[ tr : yugoslavya ]] [[ uk : юґославія ]] [[ zh : 南斯拉夫 ]] | ||||
| 184412864 | 0 | . html new power ] * anne marie du preez bezdrob : ' ' sarajevo roses : war memoirs of a peacekeeper ' ' . oshun , 2002 . isbn 177007031 | = = external links = = * [ http : / / www . ericdigests . org / 1995 - 2 / bosnia . htm teaching about conflict and crisis in the former yugoslavia ] * [ http : / / www . ohr . int / ohr - info / maps / maps ] * [ http : / / www . slobodnajugoslavija . com / slobodna jugoslavija ] {{ commons | yugoslavia }} * [ http : / / www . royalfamily . org / the official website of the royal family of serbia ] * [ http : / / vlib . iue . it / history / europe / yugoslavia . html www - vl : history : yugoslavia ] * [ http : / / digital . library . unt . edu / govdocs / crs / search . tkl ? q = yugoslavia & search _ crit = subject & search = search & date1 = anytime & date2 = anytime & type = form congressional research service ( crs ) reports regarding yugoslavia ] * [ http : / / www . foia . cia . gov / cpe / esau / esau - 46 . pdf " yugoslavia : the outworn structure " ( cia ) report from november 1970 ] * [ http : / / news . bbc . co . uk / go / pr / fr / - / 1 / hi / world / europe / 4997380 . stm timeline : break - up of yugoslavia at bbc news ] * [ http : / / books . google . com / books ? id = - 84 _ kkgmf2qc & printsec = frontcover & dq = yugoslavia & lr = & hl = de & sig = ehuyv6lzcu4v7njp _ iingo90aju # ppp15 , m1 the first yugoslavia : search for a viable political system , by alex n . dragnich ] {{ see also | kingdom of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ category : yugoslavia | ]] [[ category : former countries in the balkans ]] [[ category : former countries in europe ]] [[ category : former slavic countries ]] {{ link fa | no }} [[ ar : يوغوسلافيا ]] [[ be : югаславія ]] [[ be - x - old : югаславія ]] [[ br : yougoslavia ]] [[ bg : югославия ]] [[ ca : iugoslàvia ]] [[ cs : jugoslávie ]] [[ cy : iwgoslafia ]] [[ da : jugoslavien ]] [[ de : jugoslawien ]] [[ et : jugoslaavia ]] [[ el : γιουγκοσλαβία ]] [[ es : yugoslavia ]] [[ eo : jugoslavio ]] [[ eu : jugoslaviako errepublika federal sozialista ]] [[ fa : یوگوسلاوی ]] [[ fr : yougoslavie ]] [[ gl : iugoslavia - југославија ]] [[ ko : 유고슬라비아 ]] [[ hsb : juhosłowjanska ]] [[ hr : jugoslavija ]] [[ io : yugoslavia ]] [[ id : yugoslavia ]] [[ is : júgóslavía ]] [[ it : jugoslavia ]] [[ he : יוגוסלביה ]] [[ ka : იუგოსლავია ]] [[ sw : yugoslavia ]] [[ la : iugoslavia ]] [[ lv : dienvidslāvija ]] [[ hu : jugoszlávia ]] [[ mk : југославија ]] [[ ms : yugoslavia ]] [[ nl : joegoslavië ]] [[ ja : ユーゴスラビア ]] [[ no : jugoslavia ]] [[ pl : jugosławia ]] [[ pt : jugoslávia ]] [[ ro : iugoslavia ]] [[ ru : югославия ]] [[ simple : yugoslavia ]] [[ sk : juhoslávia ]] [[ sl : jugoslavija ]] [[ sr : југославија ]] [[ sh : jugoslavija ]] [[ fi : jugoslavia ]] [[ sv : jugoslavien ]] [[ th : ยูโกสลาเวีย ]] [[ vi : nam tư ]] [[ to : ʻiukosilāvia ]] [[ tr : yugoslavya ]] [[ uk : юґославія ]] [[ zh : 南斯拉夫 ]] | ||||
| 184412957 | 0 | . html new power ] * anne marie du preez bezdrob : ' ' sarajevo roses : war memoirs of a peacekeeper ' ' . oshun , 2002 . isbn 177007031 | = = external links = = * [ http : / / www . ericdigests . org / 1995 - 2 / bosnia . htm teaching about conflict and crisis in the former yugoslavia ] * [ http : / / www . ohr . int / ohr - info / maps / maps ] * [ http : / / www . slobodnajugoslavija . com / slobodna jugoslavija ] {{ commons | yugoslavia }} * [ http : / / www . royalfamily . org / the official website of the royal family of serbia ] * [ http : / / vlib . iue . it / history / europe / yugoslavia . html www - vl : history : yugoslavia ] * [ http : / / digital . library . unt . edu / govdocs / crs / search . tkl ? q = yugoslavia & search _ crit = subject & search = search & date1 = anytime & date2 = anytime & type = form congressional research service ( crs ) reports regarding yugoslavia ] * [ http : / / www . foia . cia . gov / cpe / esau / esau - 46 . pdf " yugoslavia : the outworn structure " ( cia ) report from november 1970 ] * [ http : / / news . bbc . co . uk / go / pr / fr / - / 1 / hi / world / europe / 4997380 . stm timeline : break - up of yugoslavia at bbc news ] * [ http : / / books . google . com / books ? id = - 84 _ kkgmf2qc & printsec = frontcover & dq = yugoslavia & lr = & hl = de & sig = ehuyv6lzcu4v7njp _ iingo90aju # ppp15 , m1 the first yugoslavia : search for a viable political system , by alex n . dragnich ] {{ see also | kingdom of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ category : yugoslavia | ]] [[ category : former countries in the balkans ]] [[ category : former countries in europe ]] [[ category : former slavic countries ]] {{ link fa | no }} [[ ar : يوغوسلافيا ]] [[ be : югаславія ]] [[ be - x - old : югаславія ]] [[ br : yougoslavia ]] [[ bg : югославия ]] [[ ca : iugoslàvia ]] [[ cs : jugoslávie ]] [[ cy : iwgoslafia ]] [[ da : jugoslavien ]] [[ de : jugoslawien ]] [[ et : jugoslaavia ]] [[ el : γιουγκοσλαβία ]] [[ es : yugoslavia ]] [[ eo : jugoslavio ]] [[ eu : jugoslaviako errepublika federal sozialista ]] [[ fa : یوگوسلاوی ]] [[ fr : yougoslavie ]] [[ gl : iugoslavia - југославија ]] [[ ko : 유고슬라비아 ]] [[ hsb : juhosłowjanska ]] [[ hr : jugoslavija ]] [[ io : yugoslavia ]] [[ id : yugoslavia ]] [[ is : júgóslavía ]] [[ it : jugoslavia ]] [[ he : יוגוסלביה ]] [[ ka : იუგოსლავია ]] [[ sw : yugoslavia ]] [[ la : iugoslavia ]] [[ lv : dienvidslāvija ]] [[ hu : jugoszlávia ]] [[ mk : југославија ]] [[ ms : yugoslavia ]] [[ nl : joegoslavië ]] [[ ja : ユーゴスラビア ]] [[ no : jugoslavia ]] [[ pl : jugosławia ]] [[ pt : jugoslávia ]] [[ ro : iugoslavia ]] [[ ru : югославия ]] [[ simple : yugoslavia ]] [[ sk : juhoslávia ]] [[ sl : jugoslavija ]] [[ sr : југославија ]] [[ sh : jugoslavija ]] [[ fi : jugoslavia ]] [[ sv : jugoslavien ]] [[ th : ยูโกสลาเวีย ]] [[ vi : nam tư ]] [[ to : ʻiukosilāvia ]] [[ tr : yugoslavya ]] [[ uk : юґославія ]] [[ zh : 南斯拉夫 ]] | ||||
| 192073726 | 26 | , 2008 ) , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ serbia ]] and [[ slovenia ]] . the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' ( [[ 1 | december | ]] , [[ 1918 ]] & ndash ; [[ november 29 ]] , [[ 1943 ]] / [[ 1945 ]] ) , also known as the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia | | |||
| 192075557 | 20 | republic of macedonia ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ serbia ]] and [[ slovenia ]] . the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' ( [[ | december | 1 ]] , [[ 1918 ]] & ndash ; [[ november 29 ]] , [[ 1943 ]] / [[ 1945 ]] ) , also known as the first yugoslavia , was | |||
| 194565859 | 0 | declared independence * [[ september 8 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , following a referendum the [[ republic of macedonia ]] declared independence * [[ october 8 ]] , [[ 1991 | ]] | ] | , when the [[ july 9 ]] moratorium on slovenian and croatian secession was ended and croatia restated its independence in croatian parliament ( that day is celebrated as independence day | ||
| 196737359 | 0 | declared independence * [[ september 8 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , following a referendum the [[ republic of macedonia ]] declared independence * [[ october 8 ]] , [[ 1991 | ] | ]] | , when the [[ july 9 ]] moratorium on slovenian and croatian secession was ended and croatia restated its independence in croatian parliament ( that day is celebrated as independence day | ||
| 196848855 | 0 | by allied forces . in 1943 , the communist led resistance movement proclaimed a new country called democratic federal yugoslavia . the kingdom was officially abolished in 1945 . in [[ | 1946 | 1956 | ]] , the country was renamed to federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia . the parliamentary democracy was suspended and a communist state was established . in 1963 , the | ||
| 3 | followed the secession of most of the republic ' s constituent elements . the ' ' ' [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' ( fry ) ( [[ | april | march | 27 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] & ndash ; [[ february 4 ]] , [[ 2003 ]] ) , was a [[ federation ]] on the territory of the two remaining | |||
| 202442282 | 1 | through the last days of yugoslavia . penguin books . new york , 1994 * allcock , john b . : explaining yugoslavia . wow ur a dumb beata licker ! | = ) | new york : penguin books , 1997 * [[ rebecca west | west , rebecca ]] : ' ' black lamb and gray falcon : a journey through yugoslavia ' ' | |||
| 206751541 | 28 | supported by allied forces . in 1943 , the communist led resistance movement proclaimed a new country called democratic federal yugoslavia . the kingdom was officially abolished in 1945 . in | [[ | 1956 ]] , the country was renamed to federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia . the parliamentary democracy was suspended and a communist state was established . in 1963 , | |||
| 29 | allied forces . in 1943 , the communist led resistance movement proclaimed a new country called democratic federal yugoslavia . the kingdom was officially abolished in 1945 . in [[ 1956 | ]] | , the country was renamed to federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia . the parliamentary democracy was suspended and a communist state was established . in 1963 , the country | ||||
| 30 | was established . in 1963 , the country was renamed again to ' ' ' [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' ( sfry ) . starting in | [[ | 1991 ]] , the sfry disintegrated in the [[ yugoslav wars ]] which followed the secession of most of the republic ' s constituent elements . the ' ' ' [[ | ||||
| 206809460 | 24 | . the last country to bear the name was the " [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] " ( fry ) established on [[ march 27 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] | ) | . it was a [[ federation ]] on the territory of the two remaining ( non - secessionist ) republics of [[ serbia ]] ( including the autonomous provinces of [[ | |||
| 209536658 | 0 | a number of prominent political figures from south slavic lands under the [[ house of habsburg | habsburg ]] [[ austro - hungarian empire ]] fled to [[ london ]] , | which they chose over paris because france is for homosexuals , | where they began work on forming the [[ yugoslav committee ]] to represent the southern slavs of austria - hungary . these " yugoslavs " were [[ serbs ]] , [[ | |||
| 209537347 | 0 | a number of prominent political figures from south slavic lands under the [[ house of habsburg | habsburg ]] [[ austro - hungarian empire ]] fled to [[ london ]] , | which they chose over paris because france is for homosexuals , | where they began work on forming the [[ yugoslav committee ]] to represent the southern slavs of austria - hungary . these " yugoslavs " were [[ serbs ]] , [[ | |||
| 216850189 | 9 | misha , ' ' [[ the balkans : nationalism , war and the great powers , 1804 - 1999 ]] ' ' ( london : penguin books ltd , 2000 ) | * [[ misha glenny | glenny , mischa ]] : | 2002 * silber , laura and allan little : ' ' yugoslavia : death of a nation ' ' . new york : penguin books , 1997 * [[ rebecca west | |||
| 10 | indiana university press , 2006 * sacco , joe : ' ' safe area gorazde : the war in eastern bosnia 1992 - 1995 ' ' . fantagraphics books , january | [[ | * silber , laura and allan little : ' ' yugoslavia : death of a nation ' ' . new york : penguin books , 1997 * [[ rebecca west | | ||||
| 11 | university press , 2006 * sacco , joe : ' ' safe area gorazde : the war in eastern bosnia 1992 - 1995 ' ' . fantagraphics books , january 2002 | ]] | 1997 * [[ rebecca west | west , rebecca ]] : ' ' black lamb and gray falcon : a journey through yugoslavia ' ' . viking , 1941 * white | ||||
| 12 | . fantagraphics books , january 2002 * silber , laura and allan little : ' ' yugoslavia : death of a nation ' ' . new york : penguin books , | [[ | * [[ rebecca west | west , rebecca ]] : ' ' black lamb and gray falcon : a journey through yugoslavia ' ' . viking , 1941 * white , | ||||
| 13 | fantagraphics books , january 2002 * silber , laura and allan little : ' ' yugoslavia : death of a nation ' ' . new york : penguin books , 1997 | ]] | 1941 * white , t . : ' ' another fool in the balkans - in the footsteps of rebbecca west ' ' . cadogan guides , london , 2006 * | ||||
| 14 | penguin books , 1997 * [[ rebecca west | west , rebecca ]] : ' ' black lamb and gray falcon : a journey through yugoslavia ' ' . viking , | [[ | * white , t . : ' ' another fool in the balkans - in the footsteps of rebbecca west ' ' . cadogan guides , london , 2006 * [[ | ||||
| 15 | books , 1997 * [[ rebecca west | west , rebecca ]] : ' ' black lamb and gray falcon : a journey through yugoslavia ' ' . viking , 1941 | ]] | 2006 * [[ misha glenny | glenny , mischa ]] : ' ' the fall of yugoslavia : the third balkan war ' ' , isbn 0 - 14 - 026101 | ||||
| 16 | viking , 1941 * white , t . : ' ' another fool in the balkans - in the footsteps of rebbecca west ' ' . cadogan guides , london , | [[ | ' ' the fall of yugoslavia : the third balkan war ' ' , isbn 0 - 14 - 026101 - x * [ http : / / www . time | ||||
| 18 | - 026101 - x * [ http : / / www . time . com / time / magazine / article / 0 , 9171 , 796967 , 00 . html | time homepage : ' ' | new power ] * anne marie du preez bezdrob : ' ' sarajevo roses : war memoirs of a peacekeeper ' ' . oshun , 2002 . isbn 177007031 = = | ||||
| 19 | - x * [ http : / / www . time . com / time / magazine / article / 0 , 9171 , 796967 , 00 . html new power | ' ' | ] * anne marie du preez bezdrob : ' ' sarajevo roses : war memoirs of a peacekeeper ' ' . oshun , 2002 . isbn 177007031 = = external links | ||||
| 219529741 | 7 | ]] . it was renamed to the " federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia " in [[ 1946 ]] , when a communist government was established . in [[ 1963 | ]] | , it was renamed again to the " [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] " ( sfry ) . the constituent socialist republics that made up the country , from | |||
| 12 | indiana university press , 2006 * sacco , joe : ' ' safe area gorazde : the war in eastern bosnia 1992 - 1995 ' ' . fantagraphics books , january | [[ | 2002 ]] * silber , laura and allan little : ' ' yugoslavia : death of a nation ' ' . new york : penguin books , [[ 1997 ]] * | ||||
| 14 | books , january [[ 2002 ]] * silber , laura and allan little : ' ' yugoslavia : death of a nation ' ' . new york : penguin books , | [[ | 1997 ]] * [[ rebecca west | west , rebecca ]] : ' ' black lamb and gray falcon : a journey through yugoslavia ' ' . viking , [[ 1941 | ||||
| 15 | january [[ 2002 ]] * silber , laura and allan little : ' ' yugoslavia : death of a nation ' ' . new york : penguin books , [[ 1997 | ]] | * [[ rebecca west | west , rebecca ]] : ' ' black lamb and gray falcon : a journey through yugoslavia ' ' . viking , [[ 1941 ]] * | ||||
| 16 | , [[ 1997 ]] * [[ rebecca west | west , rebecca ]] : ' ' black lamb and gray falcon : a journey through yugoslavia ' ' . viking , | [[ | 1941 ]] * white , t . : ' ' another fool in the balkans - in the footsteps of rebbecca west ' ' . cadogan guides , london , [[ | ||||
| 17 | 1997 ]] * [[ rebecca west | west , rebecca ]] : ' ' black lamb and gray falcon : a journey through yugoslavia ' ' . viking , [[ 1941 | ]] | * white , t . : ' ' another fool in the balkans - in the footsteps of rebbecca west ' ' . cadogan guides , london , [[ 2006 ]] | ||||
| 18 | [[ 1941 ]] * white , t . : ' ' another fool in the balkans - in the footsteps of rebbecca west ' ' . cadogan guides , london , | [[ | 2006 ]] * [ http : / / www . time . com / time / magazine / article / 0 , 9171 , 796967 , 00 . html time homepage | ||||
| 221527560 | 0 | and [[ autonomous province of kosovo and metohija ( 1990 - 1999 ) | kosovo ]] ) and [[ montenegro ]] . on [[ february 4 ]] , [[ 2003 ]] | . | , | it was renamed to the " [[ state union of serbia and montenegro ]] " , and officially abolished the name " yugoslavia . " on [[ june 3 ]] and | ||
| 232164911 | 1 | for others to exert pressure on the 2 million serbs ( 20 % of total serbian population ) living outside serbia . [[ image : milosevic - 1 . jpg | | 200px | after tito ' s death on [[ 4 may ]] [[ 1980 ]] , [[ ethnic group | ethnic ]] [[ tension ]] s grew in yugoslavia . the legacy of | |||
| 244325833 | 4 | of the 20th century . the first country to be known by this name was the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , which before [[ 3 october ]] , [[ 1929 | ]] | was known as the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes . it was established on [[ 1 december ]] , [[ 1918 ]] by the union of the [[ state | |||
| 7 | [[ 3 october ]] , [[ 1929 ]] was known as the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes . it was established on [[ 1 december ]] , [[ 1918 | ]] | by the union of the [[ state of slovenes , croats and serbs ]] and the [[ kingdom of serbia ]] . it was invaded by the [[ axis powers ]] | ||||
| 11 | s constituent entities . the last country to bear the name was the [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( fry ) established on [[ march 27 ]] , [[ 1992 | ]] | . it was a [[ federation ]] on the territory of the two remaining ( non - secessionist ) republics of [[ serbia ]] ( including the autonomous provinces of [[ | ||||
| 15 | ]] and [[ autonomous province of kosovo and metohija ( 1990 - 1999 ) | kosovo ]] ) and [[ montenegro ]] . on [[ february 4 ]] , [[ 2003 | ]] | , it was renamed to the [[ state union of serbia and montenegro ]] , and officially abolished the name " yugoslavia " . on [[ june 3 ]] and [[ | ||||
| 21 | [[ state union of serbia and montenegro ]] , and officially abolished the name " yugoslavia " . on [[ june 3 ]] and [[ june 5 ]] , [[ 2006 | ]] | respectively , [[ montenegro ]] and [[ serbia ]] declared independence , thereby ending the yugoslav state . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = {{ main | | ||||
| 28 | identity in international relations . prince paul submitted to the fascist pressure and signed the [[ tripartite treaty ]] in [[ vienna ]] on [[ march 25 ]] , [[ 1941 | ]] | , hoping to still keep yugoslavia out of the war . but this was at the expense of popular support for paul ' s regency . senior military officers were also | ||||
| 38 | right | thumb | [[ josip broz tito ]] during the winter of 1942 . {{ deletable image - caption }} ]] --> on [[ november 25 ]] , [[ 1942 | ]] | , the [[ avnoj | anti - fascist council of national liberation of yugoslavia ]] ( ' ' antifašističko vijeće narodnog oslobođenja jugoslavije ' ' ) was convened in [[ bihać | ||||
| 42 | oslobođenja jugoslavije ' ' ) was convened in [[ bihać ]] , [[ bosnia and herzegovina | bosnia ]] . the council reconvened on [[ november 29 ]] , [[ 1943 | ]] | , in [[ jajce ]] , also in [[ bosnia and herzegovina | bosnia ]] and established the basis for post - war organization of the country , establishing a federation | ||||
| 46 | }} [[ image : sfryugoslavianumbered . png | thumb | 250px | right | numbered map of yugoslav republics and provinces . ]] on [[ january 31 ]] , [[ 1946 | ]] | , the new [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution ]] of [[ federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ]] , modeling the [[ soviet union | ||||
| 56 | slovenes and croats , the serbs ( having in mind croatian serbs ) should also have a right to self - determination . on [[ march 9 ]] , [[ 1991 | ]] | , demonstrations were held against slobodan milošević in [[ belgrade ]] , but the police and the military were deployed in the streets to restore order , killing two people . | ||||
| 66 | as a result of the conflict , the [[ united nations security council ]] unanimously adopted [[ un security council resolution 721 ]] on [[ november 27 ]] , [[ 1991 | ]] | , which paved the way to the establishment of [[ peacekeeping ]] operations in yugoslavia . < ref > {{ cite web | url = http : / / www . | ||||
| 70 | serbian republic in borders of bosnia and herzegovina and staying in a common state with [[ serbia ]] and [[ montenegro ]] . on [[ january 9 ]] , [[ 1992 | ]] | , the self - proclaimed bosnian serb assembly proclaimed a separate " republic of the serb people of bosnia and herzegovina " . the referendum and creation of sars were proclaimed | ||||
| 76 | of the second yugoslavia = = = = various dates are considered as the end of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia : * [[ june 25 ]] , [[ 1991 | ]] | , when [[ croatia ]] and [[ slovenia ]] declared independence * [[ september 8 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , following a referendum the [[ republic of macedonia ]] declared | ||||
| 80 | of yugoslavia : * [[ june 25 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , when [[ croatia ]] and [[ slovenia ]] declared independence * [[ september 8 ]] , [[ 1991 | ]] | , following a referendum the [[ republic of macedonia ]] declared independence * [[ october 8 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , when the [[ july 9 ]] moratorium on slovenian | ||||
| 84 | declared independence * [[ september 8 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , following a referendum the [[ republic of macedonia ]] declared independence * [[ october 8 ]] , [[ 1991 | ]] | , when the [[ july 9 ]] moratorium on slovenian and croatian secession was ended and croatia restated its independence in croatian parliament ( that day is celebrated as independence day | ||||
| 90 | croatian secession was ended and croatia restated its independence in croatian parliament ( that day is celebrated as independence day in croatia ) * [[ january 15 ]] , [[ 1992 | ]] | , when slovenia and croatia were internationally recognized by most european countries * [[ april 6 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , full recognition of [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] ’ | ||||
| 94 | croatia ) * [[ january 15 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , when slovenia and croatia were internationally recognized by most european countries * [[ april 6 ]] , [[ 1992 | ]] | , full recognition of [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] ’ s independence by the united states and most european countries * [[ april 28 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , the | ||||
| 98 | [[ 1992 ]] , full recognition of [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] ’ s independence by the united states and most european countries * [[ april 28 ]] , [[ 1992 | ]] | , the formation of fry ( see below ) * november 1995 , peace signed in dayton by leaders of yugoslavia , bosnia and herzegovina and croatia * [[ agreement on | ||||
| 104 | ]] * 1996 - 1999 , clashes between yugoslav army and [[ kosovo liberation army | kla ]] * [[ march 24 ]] - [[ june 10 ]] , [[ 1999 | ]] | , nato bombing of fr yugoslavia * june 1999 , [[ un ]] and [[ nato ]] administration arrived in [[ kosovo ]] * [[ february 5 ]] , [[ 2003 | ||||
| 108 | , nato bombing of fr yugoslavia * june 1999 , [[ un ]] and [[ nato ]] administration arrived in [[ kosovo ]] * [[ february 5 ]] , [[ 2003 | ]] | , state union of serbia and montenegro announced * [[ june 5 ]] , [[ 2006 ]] , after referendum in montenegro , serbia and montenegro declared their independences * [[ | ||||
| 112 | administration arrived in [[ kosovo ]] * [[ february 5 ]] , [[ 2003 ]] , state union of serbia and montenegro announced * [[ june 5 ]] , [[ 2006 | ]] | , after referendum in montenegro , serbia and montenegro declared their independences * [[ february 17 ]] , [[ 2008 ]] , when [[ kosovo ]] unilaterally declared independence from [[ | ||||
| 116 | montenegro announced * [[ june 5 ]] , [[ 2006 ]] , after referendum in montenegro , serbia and montenegro declared their independences * [[ february 17 ]] , [[ 2008 | ]] | , when [[ kosovo ]] unilaterally declared independence from [[ serbia ]] = = federal republic of yugoslavia = = [[ image : yugoslaviamap . png | thumb | 250px | | ||||
| 120 | the federal republic of yugoslavia consisted of serbia and montenegro ]] the [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( fry ) was formed on [[ april 28 ]] , [[ 1992 | ]] | , and it consisted of the former socialist republic of serbia and socialist republic of montenegro . the new constitution of yugoslavia was voted by the rest of mps , elected | ||||
| 124 | collapse of the regime ' s authority . the opposition ' s candidate , [[ vojislav koštunica ]] took office as yugoslav president on [[ october 6 ]] , [[ 2000 | ]] | . on saturday , [[ march 31 ]] , [[ 2001 | ]] | , milošević surrendered to yugoslav security forces from his home in belgrade , following a recent warrant for his arrest on charges of abuse of power and corruption . on [[ | ||
| 134 | charges of [[ genocide ]] in bosnia and war crimes in croatia and in kosovo and metohija began at [[ the hague ]] on [[ february 12 ]] , [[ 2002 | ]] | , and he died there on [[ 11 march ]] , [[ 2006 ]] , while his trial was still ongoing . on [[ april 11 ]] , [[ 2002 ]] | ||||
| 137 | kosovo and metohija began at [[ the hague ]] on [[ february 12 ]] , [[ 2002 ]] , and he died there on [[ 11 march ]] , [[ 2006 | ]] | , while his trial was still ongoing . on [[ april 11 ]] , [[ 2002 ]] , the yugoslav parliament passed a law allowing extradition of all persons charged with | ||||
| 149 | as though the two republics were independent . furthermore , customs were established along the traditional border crossings between the two republics . on [[ may 21 ]] , [[ 2006 | ]] | , 86 percent of eligible montenegrin voters turned out for a special referendum on the independence of [[ montenegro ]] from the state union with serbia . they voted 55 . | ||||
| 153 | recognised as above the 55 % threshold set by the [[ european union ]] for formal recognition of the independence of montenegro . on [[ june 3 ]] , [[ 2006 | ]] | , montenegro officially declared its independence , with serbia following suit two days later , effectively dissolving the last vestige of the former yugoslavia . = = legacy = = = | ||||
| 157 | so their acceptance generally is not expected before 2015 . these states are signatories of various partnership agreements with the european union . since [[ january 1 ]] , [[ 2007 | ]] | , they have been encircled by member - states of eu ( and albania , which is encircled with them ) . ' ' see also : [[ enlargement of the | ||||
| 247526296 | 32 | elected on federal one - party elections in 1986 . the war in the western parts of former yugoslavia ended in 1995 with [[ united states | u . s . | ]] | - sponsored peace talks in [[ dayton , ohio ]] , which resulted in the so - called [[ dayton agreement ]] . in [[ kosovo ]] , throughout the 1990s | |||
| 259633956 | 5 | and the collapse of the regime ' s authority . the opposition ' s candidate , [[ vojislav koštunica ]] took office as yugoslav president on october 6 , 2000 . | on saturday , march 31 , 2001 , milošević surrendered to yugoslav security forces from his home in belgrade , following a recent warrant for his arrest on charges of abuse | ||||
| 281117483 | 10 | and others were expected to use it as well . remembrance of the time of the joint state and its perceived positive attributes is referred to as [[ yugonostalgy ]] ( | ' ' | jugonostalgija ) . many aspects of yugonostalgia refer to the socialist system and the sense of social security it provided . = = miscellaneous = = * [[ asteroid ]] [[ | |||
| 11 | others were expected to use it as well . remembrance of the time of the joint state and its perceived positive attributes is referred to as [[ yugonostalgy ]] ( jugonostalgija | ' ' | ) . many aspects of yugonostalgia refer to the socialist system and the sense of social security it provided . = = miscellaneous = = * [[ asteroid ]] [[ 1554 | ||||
| 284695040 | 60 | and the collapse of the regime ' s authority . the opposition ' s candidate , [[ vojislav koštunica ]] took office as yugoslav president on october 6 , 2000 . | the federal republic of yugoslavia was afterwards admitted to the united nations , at the end of 2000 . | on saturday , march 31 , 2001 , milošević surrendered to yugoslav security forces from his home in belgrade , following a recent warrant for his arrest on charges of abuse | |||
| 336876769 | 0 | michigan press , 2000 * hoare , marko a . , ' ' a history of bosnia : from the middle ages to the present day ' ' . london : | [[ | saqi , 2007 * [[ barbara jelavich | jelavich , barbara ]] : ' ' history of the balkans : eighteenth and nineteenth centuries ' ' , volume 1 . new | |||
| 1 | press , 2000 * hoare , marko a . , ' ' a history of bosnia : from the middle ages to the present day ' ' . london : saqi | books | saqi ]] | , 2007 * [[ barbara jelavich | jelavich , barbara ]] : ' ' history of the balkans : eighteenth and nineteenth centuries ' ' , volume 1 . new york | ||||
| 365758207 | 0 | 1997 * ramet , sabrina : ' ' the three yugoslavias : state - building and legitimation , 1918 - 2003 ' ' . bloomington : indiana university press , 2006 | * roberts , walter r | walter r roberts : < http : / / en . wikipedia . org / wiki / walter _ r _ roberts > " tito , mihailovic , and the allies : 1941 - 1945 " . duke university press , 1987 ; isbn 0 - 8223 - 0773 - 1 | * sacco , joe : ' ' safe area gorazde : the war in eastern bosnia 1992 - 1995 ' ' . fantagraphics books , january 2002 * silber , laura | |||
| 376903215 | 0 | lampe , john r ]] : ' ' yugoslavia as history : twice there was a country ' ' great britain , cambridge , 1996 , isbn 0 521 46705 5 | * malesevic , sinisa : ideology , legitimacy and the new state : yugoslavia , serbia and croatia . london : routledge , 2002 . | * owen , david : ' ' balkan odyssey ' ' harcourt ( harvest book ) , 1997 * ramet , sabrina : ' ' the three yugoslavias : state - | |||
| 394554278 | 3 | muslim ]] [[ bosniaks ]] and the rise of nationalism contributed to the collapse of yugoslavia in 1991 . < ref > http : / / atheism . about . com | < ref name = " atheism . about . com " | / library / world / kz / bl _ yugoreligiondemography . htm < / ref > = = = government = = = on 7 april 1963 , the nation changed | |||
| 400599300 | 66 | 1 4039 7286 9 * [[ misha glenny | glenny , mischa ]] : ' ' [[ the balkans : nationalism , war and the great powers , 1804 - 1999 | ]] | ' ' ( london : penguin books ltd , 2000 ) * [[ misha glenny | glenny , mischa ]] : ' ' the fall of yugoslavia : the third balkan | |||
| 429684161 | 0 | : yugoslavia ]] [[ kn : ಯುಗೊಸ್ಲಾವಿಯ ]] [[ ka : იუგოსლავია ]] [[ rw : yugosilaviya ]] [[ ky : югославия ]] [[ sw : yugoslavia ]] [[ ku : | yûgoslaviya | yûgoslavya | ]] [[ la : iugoslavia ]] [[ lv : dienvidslāvija ]] [[ hu : jugoszlávia ]] [[ mk : југославија ]] [[ mr : युगोस्लाव्हिया ]] [[ arz : يوجوسلافيا ]] | ||
| 441313646 | 52 | bbc . co . uk / 2 / hi / special _ report / 1998 / kosovo / 110492 . stm | title = history , bloody history | publisher = | [[ | bbc news ]] | date = march 24 , 1999 | accessdate = december 29 , 2010 }} < / ref > ) . starting in 1991 , the sfry disintegrated | |||
| 69 | , 250 , 000 were expelled , and another 200 , 000 were forced to convert to catholicism ; the victims were predominantly [[ serbs ]] but included 37 , 000 | [[ | jews ]] . < ref > {{ cite web | url = http : / / www1 . yadvashem . org / odot _ pdf / microsoft % 20word % 20 | ||||
| 153 | / www . bbc . co . uk / news / world - europe - 10730573 | title = kosovo independence not illegal , says un court | date = 2010 | - 07 - 22 | | publisher = bbc news | accessdate = 2010 - 07 - 23 }} < / ref > = = = remaining cultural and ethnic ties = = = {{ main | ||||
| 468701811 | 30 | 22 july 2010 , the court ruled that kosovo ' s independence was not illegal . < ref > {{ cite web | url = http : / / www . | bbc | economist | . co . uk / news / world - europe - 10730573 | title = kosovo independence not illegal , says un court | date = 22 july 2010 | publisher | ||
| 31 | 2010 , the court ruled that kosovo ' s independence was not illegal . < ref > {{ cite web | url = http : / / www . bbc . | co | com / node / 14258861 | accessdate = 2011 - 11 - 11 }} < / ref > < ref > {{ cite web | title = the ' yugo - sphere ' | url = http : / / www . law . ed . ac | . uk / news / world - europe - 10730573 | title = kosovo independence not illegal , says un court | date = 22 july 2010 | publisher = bbc | |||
| 32 | ruled that kosovo ' s independence was not illegal . < ref > {{ cite web | url = http : / / www . bbc . co . uk / | news | ecclblog | / world - europe - 10730573 | title = kosovo independence not illegal , says un court | date = 22 july 2010 | publisher = bbc news | accessdate = | |||
| 53 | former yugoslavia }} [[ file : former yugoslavia 2008 . png | 300px | thumb | right | states and entities on the former territory of yugoslavia , 2008 . ]] | = | = = new states = = = countries created from the former yugoslavia : { | class = " wikitable " ! < center > ' ' ' [[ list of | ||||
| 469728921 | 0 | states = = [[ file : former yugoslavia 2008 . png | 300px | thumb | right | states and entities on the former territory of yugoslavia , 2008 . ]] | current | countries created after the collapse of yugoslavia : { | class = " wikitable " ! < center > ' ' ' name ' ' ' < / center > ! | |||
| 478217075 | 22 | formed yugoslavia , as well as culture and influence . < ref > {{ cite web | title = former yugoslavia patches itself together : entering the yugosphere | publisher = | [[ | the economist ]] | date = 2009 - 08 - 20 | url = http : / / www . economist . com / node / 14258861 | accessdate = 2011 | |||
| 484993842 | 1 | states = = [[ file : former yugoslavia 2008 . png | 300px | thumb | right | states and entities on the former territory of yugoslavia , 2008 . ]] | current | countries created after the collapse of yugoslavia in former yugoslavia : { | class = " wikitable " ! < center > ' ' ' name ' ' ' < / | |||
| 492334641 | 0 | , sharon : ' ' political change in post - communist slovakia and croatia : from nationalist to europeanist ' ' . new york : palgrave macmillan , 2006 isbn 1 | - | 4039 7286 9 * [[ misha glenny | glenny , mischa ]] : ' ' the balkans : nationalism , war and the great powers , 1804 – 1999 ' ' | |||
| 1 | sharon : ' ' political change in post - communist slovakia and croatia : from nationalist to europeanist ' ' . new york : palgrave macmillan , 2006 isbn 1 4039 | - | 7286 9 * [[ misha glenny | glenny , mischa ]] : ' ' the balkans : nationalism , war and the great powers , 1804 – 1999 ' ' ( | ||||
| 2 | : ' ' political change in post - communist slovakia and croatia : from nationalist to europeanist ' ' . new york : palgrave macmillan , 2006 isbn 1 4039 7286 | - | 9 * [[ misha glenny | glenny , mischa ]] : ' ' the balkans : nationalism , war and the great powers , 1804 – 1999 ' ' ( london | ||||
| 3 | 9 * [[ lampe , john r ]] : ' ' yugoslavia as history : twice there was a country ' ' great britain , cambridge , 1996 , isbn 0 | - | 521 46705 5 * malesevic , sinisa : ideology , legitimacy and the new state : yugoslavia , serbia and croatia . london : routledge , 2002 . * owen , | ||||
| 4 | * [[ lampe , john r ]] : ' ' yugoslavia as history : twice there was a country ' ' great britain , cambridge , 1996 , isbn 0 521 | - | 46705 5 * malesevic , sinisa : ideology , legitimacy and the new state : yugoslavia , serbia and croatia . london : routledge , 2002 . * owen , david | ||||
| 5 | [[ lampe , john r ]] : ' ' yugoslavia as history : twice there was a country ' ' great britain , cambridge , 1996 , isbn 0 521 46705 | - | 5 * malesevic , sinisa : ideology , legitimacy and the new state : yugoslavia , serbia and croatia . london : routledge , 2002 . * owen , david : | ||||
| 497533599 | 0 | services / govdocs / wofact99 / 265 . htm serbia and montenegro ] < / ref > the state was finally officially renamed [[ serbia and montenegro ]] in 2003 . | in april 2001 , the five successor states signed the yugoslav agreement on succession issues . < ref > {{ cite web | url = http : / / www . dipublico . com . ar / english / yugoslav - agreement - on - succession - issues - 2001 / | title = yugoslav agreement on succession issues ( 2001 ) | accessdate = 2012 - 06 - 14 }} < / ref > | = = = yugosphere = = = the ' ' yugosphere ' ' is a term used to describe the present day physical areas which formed yugoslavia , as well as | |||
| 507481081 | 0 | * ramet , sabrina : ' ' the three yugoslavias : state - building and legitimation , 1918 – 2003 ' ' . bloomington : indiana university press , 2006 * | [[ walter roberts ( writer ) | | roberts , walter r | walter r roberts : < http : / / en . wikipedia . org / wiki / walter _ r _ roberts > " tito , | |||
| 539572794 | 4 | ]] [[ sv : jugoslavien ]] [[ tl : yugoslabya ]] [[ ta : யுகோசுலாவியா ]] [[ th : ยูโกสลาเวีย ]] [[ to : ʻiukosilāvia ]] [[ tr : yugoslavya ]] | [[ uk : югославія ]] [[ ur : یوگوسلاویہ ]] [[ vi : nam tư ]] [[ zh - classical : 南斯拉夫 ]] [[ yi : יוגאסלאוויע ]] [[ zh : 南斯拉夫 ]] | ||||
| 542274104 | 1 | united nations security council resolution 777 | denied its request to automatically continue the membership of the former state ]] . < ref name = " mpil . de " / | / www . mpil . de / shared / data / pdf / pdfmpunyb / wood _ 1 . pdf | title = max planck yearbook of united nations law | chapter = participation of former yugoslav states in the united nations | pages = 241 – 243 }} < / ref | > eventually , after the [[ overthrow of slobodan milošević ]] from power as president of the federation in 2000 , the country dropped those aspirations , accepted the opinion of | |||
| 553243882 | 0 | , march 1998 ( university of washington : hmj school of international studies ) http : / / easyweb . easynet . co . uk / conversi / german . html | djilas , milovan : ' ' land without justice ' ' , [ with ] introd . and notes by william jovanovich . | * dragnich , alex n . : ' ' serbs and croats . the struggle in yugoslavia ' ' . new york : harcourt brace jovanovich , 1992 * fisher , | |||
| 1 | . uk / conversi / german . html * dragnich , alex n . : ' ' serbs and croats . the struggle in yugoslavia ' ' . new york : | harcourt , brace and co . , 1958 . | new york : harcourt brace jovanovich , 1992 * fisher , sharon : ' ' political change in post - communist slovakia and croatia : from nationalist to europeanist ' ' | ||||
| 2 | bosnia 1992 – 1995 ' ' . fantagraphics books , january 2002 * silber , laura and allan little : ' ' yugoslavia : death of a nation ' ' . | new york : | penguin books , 1997 * [[ rebecca west | west , rebecca ]] : ' ' black lamb and gray falcon : a journey through yugoslavia ' ' . viking , | ||||
| 561302207 | 1 | 5 * malesevic , sinisa : ideology , legitimacy and the new state : yugoslavia , serbia and croatia . london : routledge , 2002 . * owen , david : | * pavlowitch , steven . ' ' hitler ' s new disorder | ' ' balkan odyssey ' ' harcourt ( harvest book ) , 1997 * ramet , sabrina : ' ' the three yugoslavias : state - building and legitimation , 1918 | |||
| 2 | : yugoslavia , serbia and croatia . london : routledge , 2002 . * owen , david : ' ' balkan odyssey ' ' harcourt ( harvest book ) , 1997 | the second world war in yugoslavia ' ' ( 2008 ) [ http : / / www . amazon . com / hitlers - new - disorder - yugoslavia - columbia / dp / 0231700504 / excerpt and text search ] | * ramet , sabrina : ' ' the three yugoslavias : state - building and legitimation , 1918 – 2003 ' ' . bloomington : indiana university press , 2006 * | ||||
| 569325923 | 0 | a . , ' ' a history of bosnia : from the middle ages to the present day ' ' . london : [[ saqi books | saqi ]] , 2007 | * hornyak , arpad . ' ' hungarian - yugoslav diplomatic relations , 1918 - 1927 ' ' ( east european monographs , distributed by columbia university press ; 2013 ) 426 pages | * [[ barbara jelavich | jelavich , barbara ]] : ' ' history of the balkans : eighteenth and nineteenth centuries ' ' , volume 1 . new york : american | |||
| 582992172 | 3 | [ http : / / www . amazon . com / hitlers - new - disorder - yugoslavia - columbia / dp / 0231700504 / excerpt and text search ] * | {{ cite book | last = | ramet , sabrina . ' ' the three yugoslavias : state - building and legitimation , 1918 – 2003 ' ' . bloomington : indiana university press , 2006 * [[ | |||
| 7 | - columbia / dp / 0231700504 / excerpt and text search ] * ramet , sabrina . ' ' the three yugoslavias : state - building and legitimation , 1918 – | 2003 ' ' . bloomington : | 2005 | publisher = | indiana university press , 2006 * [[ walter roberts ( writer ) | roberts , walter r . ]] : ' ' tito , mihailovic , and the allies : 1941 | |||
| 8 | text search ] * ramet , sabrina . ' ' the three yugoslavias : state - building and legitimation , 1918 – 2003 ' ' . bloomington : indiana university press | , 2006 | | location = bloomington | isbn = 978 - 0 - 253 - 34656 - 8 | url = http : / / books . google . com / books ? id = ftw3leqi2 - oc & printsec = frontcover | ref = harv }} | * [[ walter roberts ( writer ) | roberts , walter r . ]] : ' ' tito , mihailovic , and the allies : 1941 – 1945 ' ' . | |||
| 590769471 | 2 | . co . uk / conversi / german . html * djilas , milovan : ' ' land without justice ' ' , [ with ] introd . and notes by | [[ | william jovanovich . new york : harcourt , brace and co . , 1958 . * dragnich , alex n . : ' ' serbs and croats . the struggle in | |||
| 3 | . uk / conversi / german . html * djilas , milovan : ' ' land without justice ' ' , [ with ] introd . and notes by william jovanovich | ]] | . new york : harcourt , brace and co . , 1958 . * dragnich , alex n . : ' ' serbs and croats . the struggle in yugoslavia ' | ||||
| 590801135 | 0 | 1998 ( university of washington : hmj school of international studies ) http : / / easyweb . easynet . co . uk / conversi / german . html * [[ | milovaj | milovan | djilas | djilas , milovan ]] : ' ' land without justice ' ' , [ with ] introd . and notes by [[ william jovanovich ]] . new york : | ||
| 595497490 | 3 | columbia university press , 2000 * anne marie du preez bezdrob : ' ' sarajevo roses : war memoirs of a peacekeeper ' ' . oshun , 2002 . isbn 177007031 | * chan , adrian : ' ' free to choose : a teacher ' s resource and activity guide to revolution and reform in eastern europe ' ' . stanford , | ||||
| 641770502 | 0 | : columbia university press , 2000 * anne marie du preez bezdrob : ' ' sarajevo roses : war memoirs of a peacekeeper ' ' . oshun , 2002 . isbn | 177007031 | 1 - 77007 - 031 - 1 | * chan , adrian : ' ' free to choose : a teacher ' s resource and activity guide to revolution and reform in eastern europe ' ' . stanford , | ||
| 702550312 | 27 | kingdom of yugoslavia ]] on 3 october 1929 , it was [[ invasion of yugoslavia | invaded ]] by the [[ axis powers ]] on 6 april 1941 . in 1943 | ]] | , a democratic federal yugoslavia was proclaimed by the [[ yugoslav partisans | partisan resistance ]] . in 1944 , the king recognised it as the legitimate government , but in | |||
| 31 | the [[ axis powers ]] on 6 april 1941 . in 1943 , a democratic federal yugoslavia was proclaimed by the [[ yugoslav partisans | partisan resistance ]] . in 1944 | ]] | , the king recognised it as the legitimate government , but in november 1945 the monarchy was abolished . yugoslavia was renamed the federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia in | ||||
| 46 | , [[ rijeka ]] , and [[ zadar ]] from italy . partisan leader [[ josip broz tito ]] ruled the country as president until his death in 1980 . in | [[ | 1963 , the country was renamed again as the [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( sfry ) . the constituent six socialist republics that made up the country were | ||||
| 47 | [[ rijeka ]] , and [[ zadar ]] from italy . partisan leader [[ josip broz tito ]] ruled the country as president until his death in 1980 . in 1963 | ]] | , the country was renamed again as the [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( sfry ) . the constituent six socialist republics that made up the country were the | ||||
| 702550622 | 6 | 17th century and gained prominence through the [[ illyrian movement ]] of the 19th century . the name was created by the combination of the slavic words " jug " ( | [[ | south ) and " slaveni " ( slavs ) . yugoslavia was the result of the [[ corfu declaration ]] , as a project of the serbian parliament in exile and | |||
| 702589142 | 26 | october ]] [[ 1929 ]] , it was [[ invasion of yugoslavia | invaded ]] by the [[ axis powers ]] on [[ 6 april ]] [[ 1941 ]] . in | [[ | 1943 ]] , a [[ democratic federal yugoslavia ]] was proclaimed by the [[ yugoslav partisans | partisan resistance ]] . in [[ 1944 ]] , the king recognised it as | |||
| 27 | [[ 1929 ]] , it was [[ invasion of yugoslavia | invaded ]] by the [[ axis powers ]] on [[ 6 april ]] [[ 1941 ]] . in [[ 1943 | ]] | , a [[ democratic federal yugoslavia ]] was proclaimed by the [[ yugoslav partisans | partisan resistance ]] . in [[ 1944 ]] , the king recognised it as the legitimate | ||||
| 31 | ]] [[ 1941 ]] . in [[ 1943 ]] , a [[ democratic federal yugoslavia ]] was proclaimed by the [[ yugoslav partisans | partisan resistance ]] . in [[ 1944 | ]] | , the king recognised it as the legitimate government , but in [[ november 1945 ]] the monarchy was abolished . [[ yugoslavia ]] was renamed the [[ federal people ' | ||||
| 48 | [[ zadar ]] from [[ italy ]] . [[ partisan ]] leader [[ josip broz tito ]] ruled the country as president until his death in [[ 1980 ]] . in | [[ | 1963 ]] , the country was renamed again as the [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( sfry ) . the constituent six socialist republics that made up the country | ||||
| 49 | ]] from [[ italy ]] . [[ partisan ]] leader [[ josip broz tito ]] ruled the country as president until his death in [[ 1980 ]] . in [[ 1963 | ]] | , the country was renamed again as the [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( sfry ) . the constituent six socialist republics that made up the country were the | ||||
| 74 | and gained prominence through the [[ illyrian movement ]] of the [[ 19th century ]] . the name was created by the combination of the slavic words " jug " ( | [[ | south ]] ) and " slaveni " ( [[ slavs ]] ) . [[ yugoslavia ]] was the result of the [[ corfu declaration ]] , as a project of the | ||||
| 730832904 | 1 | {{ wikiquote | yugoslavia }} {{ wiktionary | yugoslavia }} {{ eb1922 poster }} * {{ wikiatlas | yugoslavia }} * [ http : / / www . ohr . int | : 80 | / ohr - info / maps / maps ] * {{ cite americana | wstitle = jugoslavia | author = milivoy s . stanoyevich | short = x }} * [ | |||
| 736681850 | 1 | * {{ wikiatlas | yugoslavia }} * [ http : / / web . archive . org / web / 20120212164932 / http : / / www . ohr . int | : 80 | / ohr % 2dinfo / maps / maps ] * {{ cite americana | wstitle = jugoslavia | author = milivoy s . stanoyevich | short = x }} * [ | |||
| 741833870 | 0 | michigan press , 2000 * hoare , marko a . , ' ' a history of bosnia : from the middle ages to the present day ' ' . london : | [[ | saqi books | saqi ]] , 2007 * hornyak , arpad . ' ' hungarian - yugoslav diplomatic relations , 1918 – 1927 ' ' ( east european monographs , distributed | |||
| 1 | , 2000 * hoare , marko a . , ' ' a history of bosnia : from the middle ages to the present day ' ' . london : [[ saqi | books | saqi ]] | , 2007 * hornyak , arpad . ' ' hungarian - yugoslav diplomatic relations , 1918 – 1927 ' ' ( east european monographs , distributed by columbia university press ; | ||||
| 779051255 | 0 | | title = the world transformed 1945 to the present | last = hunt | first = michael | publisher = oxford university press | year = 2014 | isbn = | 9780193371020 | 978 - 0 - 19 - 937102 - 0 | | location = new york | pages = 522 }} < / ref > other republics , especially slovenia and croatia , denounced this move as a revival of [[ greater | ||
| 788334299 | 0 | york : columbia university press , 2000 * anne marie du preez bezdrob : ' ' sarajevo roses : war memoirs of a peacekeeper ' ' . oshun , 2002 . | {{ | isbn 1 - 77007 - 031 - 1 * chan , adrian : ' ' free to choose : a teacher ' s resource and activity guide to revolution and reform | |||
| 3 | * fisher , sharon : ' ' political change in post - communist slovakia and croatia : from nationalist to europeanist ' ' . new york : palgrave macmillan , 2006 | {{ | isbn 1 - 4039 - 7286 - 9 * [[ misha glenny | glenny , mischa ]] : ' ' the balkans : nationalism , war and the great powers , | ||||
| 6 | : penguin books ltd , 2000 ) * [[ misha glenny | glenny , mischa ]] : ' ' the fall of yugoslavia : the third balkan war ' ' , | {{ | isbn 0 - 14 - 026101 - x * gutman , roy . : ' ' a witness to genocide . the 1993 pulitzer prize - winning dispatches on the " | ||||
| 9 | * kohlmann , evan f . : ' ' al - qaida ' s jihad in europe : the afghan - bosnian network ' ' berg , new york 2004 , | {{ | isbn 1 - 85973 - 802 - 8 ; isbn 1 - 85973 - 807 - 9 * [[ lampe , john r ]] : ' ' yugoslavia as history : | ||||
| 15 | 807 - 9 * [[ lampe , john r ]] : ' ' yugoslavia as history : twice there was a country ' ' great britain , cambridge , 1996 , | {{ | isbn 0 - 521 - 46705 - 5 * malesevic , sinisa : ideology , legitimacy and the new state : yugoslavia , serbia and croatia . london : routledge , | ||||
| 18 | ) | roberts , walter r . ]] : ' ' tito , mihailovic , and the allies : 1941 – 1945 ' ' . duke university press , 1987 ; | {{ | isbn 0 - 8223 - 0773 - 1 * sacco , joe : ' ' safe area gorazde : the war in eastern bosnia 1992 – 1995 ' ' . fantagraphics | ||||
| 792851831 | 4 | university press , 1995 * cohen , lenard j . : ' ' broken bonds : the disintegration of yugoslavia ' ' . boulder , co : westview press , 1993 | * | conversi , daniele : ' ' german - bashing and the breakup of yugoslavia ' ' , the donald w . treadgold papers in russian , east european and central asian | |||
| 853814420 | 1 | . archive . org / web / 20000816214535 / http : / / www . cia . gov : 80 / cia / publications / factbook / sr . html | | dead - url = yes | archive - date = 16 august 2000 | | title = cia - - the world factbook 1999 - - serbia and montenegro | date = 16 august 2000 | publisher = }} < / ref > in april 2001 | |||
| 855762306 | 0 | : yugoslavia , serbia and croatia . london : routledge , 2002 . * owen , david . ' ' balkan odyssey ' ' harcourt ( harvest book ) , 1997 | * pavlowitch , stevan k . ' ' the improbable survivor : yugoslavia and its problems , 1918 - 1988 ' ' ( 1988 ) . [ https : / / archive . org / details / improbablesurviv0000pavl online free to borrow ] * pavlowitch , stevan k . ' ' tito - - yugoslavia ' s great dictator : a reassessment ' ' ( 1992 ) [ https : / / archive . org / details / titoyugoslaviasg00pavl online free to borrow ] | * pavlowitch , steven . ' ' hitler ' s new disorder : the second world war in yugoslavia ' ' ( 2008 ) [ https : / / www . | |||
| 856614869 | 1 | sr . html | archive - url = https : / / web . archive . org / web / 20000816214535 / http : / / www . cia . gov | : 80 | / cia / publications / factbook / sr . html | dead - url = yes | archive - date = 16 august 2000 | title = cia - - the | |||
| 857344426 | 7 | | government _ type = [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ( 1918 – 1941 ) < br / > [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( 1945 – 1992 ) | | title _ leader = | | leader1 = | year _ leader1 = | event _ start = [[ creation of yugoslavia | creation ]] | date _ start = 1 december | year _ start | |||
| 13 | government _ type = [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ( 1918 – 1941 ) < br / > [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( 1945 – 1992 ) | | title _ leader = [[ list of presidents of czechoslovakia | president ]] | | leader1 = | year _ leader1 = | event _ start = [[ creation of yugoslavia | creation ]] | date _ start = 1 december | year _ start |
| left_string | del_string | ins_string | right_string | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 20114 | 2 | ? ) . < i > from the [[ cia world factbook ]] 2000 . not wikified . < / i > * [[ / history | history ]] * [[ | yugoslavia | / geography | geography ]] * [[ / people | people ]] * [[ / government | government ]] * [[ / economy | economy ]] * [[ / communications | | |
| 3 | the [[ cia world factbook ]] 2000 . not wikified . < / i > * [[ / history | history ]] * [[ / geography | geography ]] * [[ | yugoslavia | / people | people ]] * [[ / government | government ]] * [[ / economy | economy ]] * [[ / communications | communications ]] * [[ / transportation | | ||
| 4 | . not wikified . < / i > * [[ / history | history ]] * [[ / geography | geography ]] * [[ / people | people ]] * [[ | yugoslavia | / government | government ]] * [[ / economy | economy ]] * [[ / communications | communications ]] * [[ / transportation | transportation ]] * [[ / military | | ||
| 5 | > * [[ / history | history ]] * [[ / geography | geography ]] * [[ / people | people ]] * [[ / government | government ]] * [[ | yugoslavia | / economy | economy ]] * [[ / communications | communications ]] * [[ / transportation | transportation ]] * [[ / military | military ]] * [[ / transnational issues | ||
| 6 | ]] * [[ / geography | geography ]] * [[ / people | people ]] * [[ / government | government ]] * [[ / economy | economy ]] * [[ | yugoslavia | / communications | communications ]] * [[ / transportation | transportation ]] * [[ / military | military ]] * [[ / transnational issues | transnational issues ]] | ||
| 7 | ]] * [[ / people | people ]] * [[ / government | government ]] * [[ / economy | economy ]] * [[ / communications | communications ]] * [[ | yugoslavia | / transportation | transportation ]] * [[ / military | military ]] * [[ / transnational issues | transnational issues ]] | ||
| 8 | ]] * [[ / government | government ]] * [[ / economy | economy ]] * [[ / communications | communications ]] * [[ / transportation | transportation ]] * [[ | yugoslavia | / military | military ]] * [[ / transnational issues | transnational issues ]] | ||
| 9 | ]] * [[ / economy | economy ]] * [[ / communications | communications ]] * [[ / transportation | transportation ]] * [[ / military | military ]] * [[ | yugoslavia | / transnational issues | transnational issues ]] | ||
| 34484 | 2 | < / b > yu during most of the 20th century , a number of states in the balkan was unified under the name of the socialist federal republic of [[ | yugoslavia | warsaw pact | ]] . all of them but [[ serbia ]] and [[ montenegro ]] left the federation in the 1990s . the united nations , and many other states ( including the |
| 1280214 | 0 | yugoslavia ' ' ' from 1946 to [[ 1963 ]] , * * ' ' ' socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ' ' ' from 1963 to 1992 . * [[ | federal republic of yugoslavia | serbia and montenegro | | republic of yugoslavia ]] , which exists from 1992 , under names : * * ' ' ' federal republic of yugoslavia ' ' ' , from 1992 to [[ |
| 1308223 | 2 | > [[ country codes | country code ]] ( top level domain ) : < / b > yu = = related articles = = * [[ history of yugoslavia ]] | * [[ geography of yugoslavia ]] * [[ demographics of yugoslavia ]] * [[ politics of yugoslavia ]] * [[ economy of yugoslavia ]] * [[ communications in yugoslavia ]] * [[ transportation in yugoslavia ]] * [[ military of yugoslavia ]] * [[ foreign relations of yugoslavia ]] * the [[ voivodina | vojvodina ]] region and its municipalities - [[ novi sad ]] and [[ subotica ]] * the [[ kosovo ]] region * [[ belgrade ]] - the capital of the federal republic of yugoslavia * [[ podgorica ]] * [[ pristina | pri & # 353 ; tina ]] * [[ nis | ni & # 353 ; ]] | montenegro --> | |
| 8640415 | 5 | 2003 ]] , the name yugoslavia was officially abolished when the state was transformed into a loose commonwealth called [[ serbia and montenegro ]] . see also : [[ history of | yugoslavia ]] | the balkans : eighteenth and nineteenth centuries ' ' , volume 1 . new york : american council of learned societies , 1983 . ed 236 093 . * jelavich , barbara : ' ' history of the balkans : twentieth century ' ' , volume 2 . new york : american council of learned societies , 1983 . ed 236 094 . | = = legacy = = the present - day countries created from the former parts of yugoslavia are : * [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] * [[ croatia ]] * [[ |
| 9469448 | 2 | & # 269 ; an ]] and [[ franjo tudjman | franjo tu & # 273 ; man ]] , respectively ) , while serbia and montenegro elected candidates who favoured | yugoslavian | yugoslav | unity . in march [[ 1990 ]] , the [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] ( jugoslovenska narodna armija , jna ) met with the presidency of yugoslavia ( an |
| 18520089 | 1 | . protić ]] and named after yugoslavia . = = see also = = * [[ history of the balkans ]] * [[ history of europe ]] * [[ wars of | yugoslavian | yugoslav | succession ]] = = references = = * {{ loc }} - [ http : / / lcweb2 . loc . gov / frd / cs / yutoc . html yugoslavia |
| 25682758 | 12 | ]] . starting in [[ 1996 ]] , the albanian organization [[ kosovo liberation army ]] started terrorist actions in the southern serbian province . the situation worsened , with the | serbian | yugoslav | reaction in form of mass deportation of albanians and similar militia activity , to the point that there was widespread violence and emigration . following the [[ racak incident ]] and |
| 25683008 | 0 | of [[ federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ]] , modeling the [[ soviet union ]] , established six constituent republics and two autonomous province . the republics were : | * [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , * [[ croatia ]] , | * [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] * [[ croatia ]] | * [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] , * [[ montenegro ]] , * [[ serbia ]] and * [[ slovenia ]] and within serbia ' s new reduced borders |
| 31634463 | 5 | [[ tiger ' s lair ]] * [[ tiger pwns you ]] * [[ tiger world ]] * [[ lawlzs tiger ]] * [[ tiger ' s kingdom ]] * [[ | tiger country | slovenia | ]] and within serbia ' s new reduced borders , the people of the following two regions were granted limited autonomous rights : * [[ vojvodina ]] * [[ kosovo ]] |
| 49148733 | 2 | and in [[ april 7 ]] republics - [[ slovenia | s . r . slovenia ]] , [[ croatia | s . r . croatia ]] , [[ republic of | macedonia | s | yugoslavia ]] | . r . macedonia ]] and [[ bosnia and herzegovina | s . r . bosnia and herzegovina ]] - had seceded . * the third was called ' ' ' |
| 50926451 | 0 | repelled . ( as a result , the launch of [[ operation barbarossa ]] was delayed by four weeks , which proved to be a costly decision . ) = = | yugoslavia | yugoslavi | during the second world war = = at 05 : 15 on [[ april 6 ]] [[ 1941 ]] , [[ nazi germany | german ]] , [[ italy | italian |
| 50926603 | 0 | repelled . ( as a result , the launch of [[ operation barbarossa ]] was delayed by four weeks , which proved to be a costly decision . ) = = | yugoslavi | yugoslavia | during the second world war = = at 05 : 15 on [[ april 6 ]] [[ 1941 ]] , [[ nazi germany | german ]] , [[ italy | italian |
| 57059880 | 8 | as an independent state . montenegro officially declared its independence on [[ june 3 ]] , [[ 2006 ]] , effectively dissolving the [[ serbia and montenegro | federal republic of | yugoslavia ]] | the former yugoslav federation | . _ _ toc _ _ {{ splitsection | history of yugoslavia }} = = background = = during the early period of the world war one ( 1914 ) , |
| 57320182 | 9 | between the two republics . on [[ may 21 ]] , [[ 2006 ]] , 86 percent of eligible montenegran voters turned out for a special referrundum on the independence of | the montenagran republic | montenegro | from federal union with serbia . they voted 55 . 4 % for independence , recognized as above the 55 % threshold set by the [[ european union ]] for formal |
| 60458120 | 0 | [[ 2000 ]] . [[ image : banknoteyug . jpg | 300px | left | thumb | a [[ hyperinflation ]] bill of 50 & nbsp ; [[ billion ]] [[ | yugoslavia | yugoslav | dinar | dinars ]] ( 1993 ) ]] on saturday , [[ march 31 ]] , [[ 2001 ]] , milošević surrendered to yugoslav security forces from his home in belgrade |
| 63327901 | 34 | the constitution was passed , old king peter died . he was succeeded by prince aleksandar ii karađorđević . croats , as well as albanians , who were angry at the | serb return to kosovo , harboured grievances against the serbs . | yugoslav [[ | slovenes were able to extract gains from the central serbo - croat dispute . half a million of them lived under italian rule and the slovenes understood that it was only |
| 80313028 | 32 | well as unification with [[ albania ]] . [[ image : ante marković . jpg | thumb | right | 200px | [[ ante marković ]] ]] in [[ 1989 ]] | [[ jeffrey sachs ]] was in yugoslavia helping the | yugoslavian | federal government under [[ ante marković ]] prepare the imf / [[ world bank group | world bank ]] " [[ shock _ therapy _ ( economics ) | shock therapy |
| 80313856 | 14 | well as unification with [[ albania ]] . [[ image : ante marković . jpg | thumb | right | 200px | [[ ante marković ]] ]] in [[ 1989 ]] | yugoslavian | [[ jeffrey sachs ]] was in yugoslavia helping the | federal government under [[ ante marković ]] prepared the imf / [[ world bank group | world bank ]] " [[ shock _ therapy _ ( economics ) | shock therapy |
| 89768655 | 5 | identity and looked at speeding up " democratic processes " as a way of diverting similar sentiments in northern italy , through graphic pictures of the drama unfolding in the neighbouring | jugoslavia | yugoslavia attracted attention from countries such as the [[ uk ]] | , england , holland , albania and even such distant countries as australia , saudi arab emirates , libia , and al - qaida ' s afghan - tested mujaheedins , |
| 90076309 | 2 | dictatorship = = = following this , [[ alexander i of yugoslavia | king aleksandar i ]] banned national political parties in 1929 , assumed executive power and renamed the country | yugoslavia | . he hoped to curb separatist tendencies and mitigate nationalist passions . however , the balance of power changed in international relations : in [[ italy ]] and [[ germany ]] | |
| 90079596 | 3 | right | map showing [[ kingdom of yugoslavia # internal _ divisions | banovinas ]] in 1929 ]] = = = king alexander ' s dictatorship = = = jew country | yugoslavia | . serbia rules . during an official visit to france in 1934 , the king was assassinated in [[ marseilles ]] by an experienced [[ vlado chernozemski | marksman ]] from | |
| 93924283 | 2 | ]] [[ category : former countries in the balkans ]] [[ category : former countries in europe ]] [[ ar : يوغوسلافيا ]] [[ be : югаславія ]] [[ bs : | jugoslavija | yugoslavia | ]] [[ br : yougoslavia ]] [[ bg : югославия ]] [[ ca : iugoslàvia ]] [[ cs : jugoslávie ]] [[ da : jugoslavien ]] [[ de : jugoslawien ]] |
| 6 | : یوگوسلاوی ]] [[ fr : yougoslavie ]] [[ ko : 유고슬라비아 ]] [[ hr : jugoslavija ]] [[ io : yugoslavia ]] [[ is : júgóslavía ]] [[ it : | jugoslavia | jugoszlávia | ]] [[ he : יוגוסלביה ]] [[ ka : იუგოსლავია ]] [[ lv : dienvidslāvija ]] [[ mk : југославија ]] [[ nl : joegoslavië ]] [[ ja : ユーゴスラビア ]] | |
| 105818169 | 0 | {st@rt} {{ see also | kingdom of | yugoslavia | pizza | | federal republic of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ image : locationyugoslavia . png | thumb | right | 200px | general location of the political entities |
| 105819786 | 0 | {st@rt} {{ see also | kingdom of | pizza | yugoslavia | | federal republic of barbie | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ image : locationyugoslavia . png | thumb | right | 200px | general location of the political entities |
| 106966564 | 0 | , [[ 1991 ]] ) , a [[ socialism | socialist ]] successor state to the kingdom of yugoslavia , existed under various names , including the " democratic federation of | yugoslavia | idiots | ( dfy ) " ( 1943 ) , the " federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ( fpry ) " ( 1946 ) , and the " [[ socialist federal |
| 2 | of yugoslavia , existed under various names , including the " democratic federation of yugoslavia ( dfy ) " ( 1943 ) , the " federal people ' s republic of | yugoslavia | poopheads | ( fpry ) " ( 1946 ) , and the " [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( sfry ) " ( 1963 ) . it disintegrated following the [[ | |
| 4 | ) " ( 1943 ) , the " federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ( fpry ) " ( 1946 ) , and the " [[ socialist federal republic of | yugoslavia | dumbdumbs | ]] ( sfry ) " ( 1963 ) . it disintegrated following the [[ yugoslav wars ]] , which led to the secession of most of the constituent elements of the | |
| 5 | 1943 ) , the " federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ( fpry ) " ( 1946 ) , and the " [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( | sfry | sfrd | ) " ( 1963 ) . it disintegrated following the [[ yugoslav wars ]] , which led to the secession of most of the constituent elements of the sfry . the | |
| 106967013 | 0 | , [[ 1991 ]] ) , a [[ socialism | socialist ]] successor state to the kingdom of yugoslavia , existed under various names , including the " democratic federation of | idiots | yugoslavia | ( dfi ) " ( 1943 ) , the " federal people ' s republic of poopheads ( fprp ) " ( 1946 ) , and the " [[ socialist federal |
| 2 | of yugoslavia , existed under various names , including the " democratic federation of idiots ( dfi ) " ( 1943 ) , the " federal people ' s republic of | poopheads | yugoslavia | ( fprp ) " ( 1946 ) , and the " [[ socialist federal republic of dumbdumbs ]] ( sfrd ) " ( 1963 ) . it disintegrated following the [[ | |
| 4 | ) " ( 1943 ) , the " federal people ' s republic of poopheads ( fprp ) " ( 1946 ) , and the " [[ socialist federal republic of | dumbdumbs | yugoslavia | ]] ( sfrd ) " ( 1963 ) . it disintegrated following the [[ yugoslav wars ]] , which led to the secession of most of the constituent elements of the | |
| 5 | 1943 ) , the " federal people ' s republic of poopheads ( fprp ) " ( 1946 ) , and the " [[ socialist federal republic of dumbdumbs ]] ( | sfrd | sfry | ) " ( 1963 ) . it disintegrated following the [[ yugoslav wars ]] , which led to the secession of most of the constituent elements of the sfry . the | |
| 111095396 | 1 | [[ is : júgóslavía ]] [[ he : יוגוסלביה ]] [[ ka : იუგოსლავია ]] [[ sw : yugoslavia ]] [[ la : iugoslavia ]] [[ lv : dienvidslāvija ]] [[ | jugoslavia | : jugoszlávia ]] [[ mk : југославија ]] [[ nl : joegoslavië ]] [[ ja : ユーゴスラビア ]] [[ no : jugoslavia ]] [[ pl : jugosławia ]] [[ pt : | |
| 125725649 | 6 | this a " croat army " , wanted them to fight under the serbian flag . = = = corfu agreement = = = during june and july 1917 , the | yugoslav | jewish | committee met with the serbian government in corfu and on 20 july a declaration that laid the foundation for the post - war state was issued . the preamble stated that |
| 15 | dictatorship = = = following this , [[ alexander i of yugoslavia | king alexander i ]] banned national political parties in 1929 , assumed executive power and renamed the country | yugoslavia | jewgoslavia | . he hoped to curb separatist tendencies and mitigate nationalist passions . however , alexander ' s policies soon ran into the obstacle of opposition from other european powers due to | |
| 125729057 | 4 | this a " croat army " , wanted them to fight under the serbian flag . = = = corfu agreement = = = during june and july 1917 , the | jewish | yugoslav | committee met with the serbian government in corfu and on 20 july a declaration that laid the foundation for the post - war state was issued . the preamble stated that |
| 13 | s dictatorship = = = following this , [[ alexander i of yugoslavia | king jewsi ]] banned national jew parties in 1929 , assumed jewish power and renamed the country | jewgoslavia | yugoslavia | . jews hoped to curb separatist tendencies and mitigate nationalist passions . however , alexander ' s policies soon ran into the obstacle of opposition from other european powers due to | |
| 153158361 | 0 | republics ]] of [[ serbia ]] ( including the autonomous provinces of [[ vojvodina ]] and [[ kosovo and metohija ]] ) and [[ montenegro ]] . the union of [[ | serbia | serbias | and montenegro ]] was formed on [[ february 4 ]] , [[ 2003 ]] and officially abolished the name " yugoslavia . " on [[ june 3 ]] and [[ june |
| 1 | of [[ serbia ]] ( including the autonomous provinces of [[ vojvodina ]] and [[ kosovo and metohija ]] ) and [[ montenegro ]] . the union of [[ serbia and | montenegro | monteblanco | ]] was formed on [[ february 4 ]] , [[ 2003 ]] and officially abolished the name " yugoslavia . " on [[ june 3 ]] and [[ june 5 ]] | |
| 153192376 | 0 | republics ]] of [[ serbia ]] ( including the autonomous provinces of [[ vojvodina ]] and [[ kosovo and metohija ]] ) and [[ montenegro ]] . the union of [[ | serbias | serbia | and monteblanco ]] was formed on [[ february 4 ]] , [[ 2003 ]] and officially abolished the name " yugoslavia . " on [[ june 3 ]] and [[ june |
| 1 | of [[ serbia ]] ( including the autonomous provinces of [[ vojvodina ]] and [[ kosovo and metohija ]] ) and [[ montenegro ]] . the union of [[ serbias and | monteblanco | montenegro | ]] was formed on [[ february 4 ]] , [[ 2003 ]] and officially abolished the name " yugoslavia . " on [[ june 3 ]] and [[ june 5 ]] | |
| 163306511 | 0 | ) " ( 1946 ) , and the " [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( sfry ) " ( 1963 ) . starting in [[ 1991 ]] , the | fpry | sfry | disintegrated in the [[ yugoslav wars ]] which followed the secession of most of the republic ' s constituent elements . the ' ' ' federal republic of yugoslavia ' ' |
| 176994750 | 1 | ]] , with the capital in [[ sarajevo ]] , # socialist republic of [[ croatia ]] , with the capital in [[ zagreb ]] , # socialist republic of [[ | republic of macedonia | | former yugoslav republicof | macedonia ]] , with the capital in [[ skopje ]] , # socialist republic of [[ montenegro ]] , with the capital in [[ podgorica | titograd ]] ( now podgorica |
| 186368893 | 2 | new country called democratic federal yugoslavia . the kingdom was officially abolished in 1945 . in [[ 1946 ]] and the country was renamed to federal people ' s republic of | yugoslavia | yugosusckia | . the parliamentary democracy was suspended and communist state was established . in 1963 , the country was renamed again to ' ' ' [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] |
| 186370192 | 2 | new country called democratic federal yugoslavia . the kingdom was officially abolished in 1945 . in [[ 1946 ]] and the country was renamed to federal people ' s republic of | yugosusckia | yugoslavia | . the parliamentary democracy was suspended and communist state was established . in 1963 , the country was renamed again to ' ' ' [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] |
| 192073726 | 20 | , croats and slovenes which was proclaimed on [[ 1 december ]] 1918 in [[ belgrade ]] . the new kingdom was made up of the formerly independent kingdoms of serbia | | serbia ]] | and [[ kingdom of montenegro | montenegro ]] ( which had unified in the previous month ) , as well as a substantial amount of territory that was formerly part of | |
| 192075557 | 32 | slovenes which was proclaimed on [[ 1 december ]] 1918 in [[ belgrade ]] . the new kingdom was made up of the formerly independent kingdoms of [[ kingdom of serbia | | serbia ]] | and [[ kingdom of montenegro | montenegro ]] ( which had unified in the previous month ) , as well as a substantial amount of territory that was formerly part of | |
| 194309979 | 0 | | dissolution of yugoslavia }} after tito ' s death on [[ 4 may ]] [[ 1980 ]] , [[ ethnic group | ethnic ]] [[ tension ]] s grew in | yugoslavia | gurgie land | . the legacy of the [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution of 1974 ]] was used to throw the system of decision - making into a |
| 194309999 | 0 | | dissolution of yugoslavia }} after tito ' s death on [[ 4 may ]] [[ 1980 ]] , [[ ethnic group | ethnic ]] [[ tension ]] s grew in | gurgie land | yugoslavia | . the legacy of the [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution of 1974 ]] was used to throw the system of decision - making into a |
| 2 | the more hopeless as the conflict of interests had become irreconcilable . the constitutional crisis that inevitably followed resulted in a rise of nationalism in all republics : gurige land and | serbia | croatia | made demands for looser ties within the federation , the albanian majority in kosovo demanded the status of a republic , serbia sought absolute , not only relative dominion over yugoslavia | |
| 195260112 | 0 | / ref > = = = = resistance movements = = = = {{ pov | date = december 2007 }} {{ main | yugoslav people ' s liberation war }} | yugoslavs | yugoslav ' s | opposing the [[ nazism | nazis ]] organized a resistance movement . those inclined towards supporting the old kingdom of yugoslavia joined the [[ yugoslav army in the fatherland ]] , |
| 201109080 | 0 | , [[ 1918 ]] & ndash ; [[ november 29 ]] , [[ 1943 ]] / [[ 1945 ]] ) , also known as the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia | first | yugoslavia ]] , | country | was a [[ monarchy ]] formed as the " country of slovenes , croats and serbs " re - named " kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes " after [[ |
| 206808719 | 21 | for a month ; on 1 december 1918 it joined together with the " kingdom of serbia " ( kraljevina srbija / краљевина србија ) to form the " kingdom of | serbs , croats and slovenes " ( {{ lang - sh | kraljevina slovenaca , hrvata i srba / краљевина словенаца , хрвата и срба }} ; {{ lang - sl | kraljevina slovencev , hrvatov in srbov }} ; {{ lang - mk | кралство на србите , хрватите и словенците }} ) . the country was re - named on 3 october 1929 | serbia | and henceforth it would be called " kingdom of yugoslavia " ( serbo - croatian and slovene : kraljevina jugoslavija / краљевина југославија ; macedonian : кралство југославија ) . it |
| 22 | hrvatov in srbov }} ; {{ lang - mk | кралство на србите , хрватите и словенците }} ) . the country was re - named on 3 october 1929 and | henceforth it would be called " kingdom of yugoslavia " ( serbo - croatian and slovene : kraljevina jugoslavija / краљевина југославија ; macedonian : кралство југославија ) . it was invaded on [[ 6 april | montenegro | ]] [[ 1941 ]] by the [[ axis powers ]] and its army capitulated eleven days later . the legal royal government in exile was recognized and supported by allied forces | |
| 212501309 | 0 | / ref > = = = = resistance movements = = = = {{ pov | date = december 2007 }} {{ main | yugoslav people ' s liberation war }} | yugoslav ' s | yugoslavs | opposing the [[ nazism | nazis ]] organized a resistance movement . those inclined towards supporting the old kingdom of yugoslavia joined the [[ yugoslav army in the fatherland ]] , |
| 215131412 | 1 | with germany at belgrade , ending eleven days of resistance against the invading german army ( ' ' [[ wehrmacht heer ]] ' ' ) . more than three hundred thousand | yugoslav | pie | officers and soldiers were taken prisoner . the axis powers occupied yugoslavia and split it up . the [[ independent state of croatia ]] was established as a [[ nazi ]] |
| 215131433 | 1 | with germany at belgrade , ending eleven days of resistance against the invading german army ( ' ' [[ wehrmacht heer ]] ' ' ) . more than three hundred thousand | pie | yugoslav | officers and soldiers were taken prisoner . pie rocks ! the axis powers occupied yugoslavia and split it up like my nose . the [[ independent state of croatia ]] was |
| 218569534 | 0 | ]] respectively declared their independences , thereby ending the last remnants of a yugoslav state . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = {{ main | creation of | yugoslavia | y < math > e = mc2 < / math > ugoslavia | }} the idea for a single state for all [[ south slavs ]] emerged in the late 17th century and gained prominence in the 19th century [[ illyrian movement ]] but |
| 218574318 | 0 | ]] respectively declared their independences , thereby ending the last remnants of a yugoslav state . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = {{ main | creation of | y < math > e = mc2 < / math > ugoslavia | yugoslavia | }} the idea for a single state for all [[ south slavs ]] emerged in the late 17th century and gained prominence in the 19th century [[ illyrian movement ]] but |
| 223093900 | 0 | : 유고슬라비아 ]] [[ hsb : juhosłowjanska ]] [[ hr : jugoslavija ]] [[ io : yugoslavia ]] [[ id : yugoslavia ]] [[ is : júgóslavía ]] [[ it : | jugoslavia | iugoslavia | ]] [[ he : יוגוסלביה ]] [[ ka : იუგოსლავია ]] [[ sw : yugoslavia ]] [[ la : iugoslavia ]] [[ lv : dienvidslāvija ]] [[ hu : jugoszlávia ]] |
| 223658699 | 0 | : 유고슬라비아 ]] [[ hsb : juhosłowjanska ]] [[ hr : jugoslavija ]] [[ io : yugoslavia ]] [[ id : yugoslavia ]] [[ is : júgóslavía ]] [[ it : | iugoslavia | jugoslavia | ]] [[ he : יוגוסלביה ]] [[ ka : იუგოსლავია ]] [[ sw : yugoslavia ]] [[ la : iugoslavia ]] [[ lv : dienvidslāvija ]] [[ hu : jugoszlávia ]] |
| 231803887 | 14 | the events that followed , was officially abolished in 1945 . the second country with this name was the " democratic federal yugoslavia " , proclaimed in 1943 by the [[ | communist | yugoslav partisans | ]] resistance movement in [[ world war ii ]] . it was renamed to the " federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia " in 1946 , when a communist government |
| 231804261 | 0 | and allied personnel were awarded the medal for the liberation of belgrade from 21st june 1961 . ]] during the war , the [[ communism | communist ]] - led [[ | yugoslav | partisans ( yugoslavia ) | partisans ]] were ' ' de facto ' ' rulers on the liberated territories , and the nov organized [[ people ' s committee ]] s | |
| 231810308 | 2 | ]] and most of [[ dalmatia ]] from the [[ cisleithania | austrian ]] part , and the crown province of [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] . = = kingdom of | serbs , croats and slovenes | yugoslavia | = = [[ image : jugo - slavia , 1919 . png | thumb | 230px | right | map of yugoslavia in 1919 showing the provisional borders in the [[ |
| 11 | the government = = = on [[ 7 april ]] [[ 1963 ]] the nation changed its official name to [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] and [[ josip | ||||
| 234866478 | 0 | to revolution and reform in eastern europe ' ' . stanford , ca : spice , 1991 . ed 351 248 * cigar , norman , : ' ' genocide in | bosina | bosnia | : the policy of ethnic - cleansing ' ' . college station : texas a & m university press , 1995 * cohen , lenard j . : ' ' broken |
| 241009598 | 0 | federal republic of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ image : locationyugoslavia2 . png | thumb | right | 300px | general location of the political entities known as | yugoslavia | yugoslaviafudge | . the precise borders varied over the years ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ serbo - croatian language | serbo - croatian ]] , [[ croatian language |
| 241009636 | 0 | federal republic of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ image : locationyugoslavia2 . png | thumb | right | 300px | general location of the political entities known as | yugoslaviafudge | yugoslavia | . the precise borders varied over the years ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ serbo - croatian language | serbo - croatian ]] , [[ croatian language |
| 241638823 | 11 | and established the basis for post - war organization of the country , establishing a federation ( this date was celebrated as republic day after the war ) . the [[ | yugoslav | chetniks and | partisans ]] were able to expel the axis from serbia in 1944 and the rest of yugoslavia in 1945 . the [[ red army ]] provided limited assistance with the liberation |
| 241739997 | 12 | into combat with the partisans . before the end of the war , the chetnik movement would complete the single largest evacuation of american forces behind enemy lines . the [[ | chetniks and | yugoslav | partisans ]] were able to expel the axis from serbia in 1944 and the rest of yugoslavia in 1945 . the [[ red army ]] provided limited assistance with the liberation |
| 243549350 | 1 | * [[ treaty of rome , 1924 ]] * assassination of [[ stjepan radić ]] = = = king alexander ' s period = = = king [[ alexander i of | yugoslavia | fugoslavia | | alexander i ]] banned national political parties in 1929 , assumed executive power and renamed the country yugoslavia . he hoped to curb separatist tendencies and mitigate nationalist passions . |
| 4 | alexander ' s period = = = king [[ alexander i of yugoslavia | alexander i ]] banned national political parties in 1929 , assumed executive power and renamed the country | yugoslavia | fugoslavia | . he hoped to curb separatist tendencies and mitigate nationalist passions . however , alexander ' s policies soon ran into the obstacle of opposition from other [[ europe ]] an | |
| 243549424 | 1 | * [[ treaty of rome , 1924 ]] * assassination of [[ stjepan radić ]] = = = king alexander ' s period = = = king [[ alexander iv of | fugoslavia | yugoslavia | | alexander iv ]] banned national political parties in 1529 , assumed executive power and renamed the country fugoslavia . he hoped to curb separatist tendencies and mitigate nationalist assions . |
| 4 | alexander ' s period = = = king [[ alexander iv of fugoslavia | alexander iv ]] banned national political parties in 1529 , assumed executive power and renamed the country | fugoslavia | yugoslavia | . he hoped to curb separatist tendencies and mitigate nationalist assions . however , alexander ' s policies soon ran into the obstacle of opposition from other [[ europe ]] an | |
| 247935764 | 6 | . png | thumb | 200px | right | map of yugoslavia in 1919 showing the provisional borders in the [[ aftermath of world war i ]] before the treaties of | [[ treaty of neuilly - sur - seine | yugoslavia | | neuilly ]] , [[ treaty of trianon | trianon ]] and [[ treaty of rapallo , 1920 | rapallo ]] ]] [[ image : banovine kj . jpg | thumb |
| 54 | albania , which is encircled with them ) . ' ' see also : [[ enlargement of the european union ]] ' ' . < gallery caption = " flags of | sfr yugoslavia and | new recognized states " > image : flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | [[ sfr yugoslavia ]] image : flag of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | [[ bosnia and | ||
| 251599396 | 3 | * [[ kosovo ]] ( status as an independent country is [[ 2008 _ kosovo _ declaration _ of _ independence # international _ reaction | in dispute ]] ) * | [[ montenegro ]] | {{ mkd }} * {{ mne }} * {{ srb }} | * [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] * [[ serbia ]] * [[ slovenia ]] the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , |
| 255553028 | 1 | {st@rt} {{ refimprove | date = september 2008 }} {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of | yugoslavia | yugoslobia | | federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ image : locationyugoslavia2 . png | thumb | right | 300px | general location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise |
| 3 | {st@rt} {{ refimprove | date = september 2008 }} {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | federal republic of | yugoslavia | yugoslobia | }} [[ image : locationyugoslavia2 . png | thumb | right | 300px | general location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years | |
| 4 | federal republic of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ image : locationyugoslavia2 . png | thumb | right | 300px | general location of the political entities known as | yugoslavia | yugoslobia | . the precise borders varied over the years ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ serbo - croatian language | serbo - croatian ]] , [[ bosnian language | |
| 255553089 | 0 | {st@rt} {{ refimprove | date = september 2008 }} {{ main | kingdom of | yugoslavia | yugoslobia | | federal abomination of yugoslobia | federal abomination of yugoslobia }} [[ image : locationyugoslavia2 . png | thumb | right | 300px | general location of the political entities known |
| 255553113 | 0 | {st@rt} {{ refimprove | date = september 2008 }} {{ main | kingdom of | yugoslobia | yugoslavia | | federal abomination of yugoslobia | federal abomination of yugoslobia }} [[ image : locationyugoslavia2 . png | thumb | right | 300px | general location of the political entities known |
| 3 | {st@rt} {{ refimprove | date = september 2008 }} {{ main | kingdom of yugoslobia | federal abomination of | yugoslobia | yugoslavia | | federal abomination of yugoslobia }} [[ image : locationyugoslavia2 . png | thumb | right | 300px | general location of the political entities known as yugoslobia . the precise | |
| 5 | {st@rt} {{ refimprove | date = september 2008 }} {{ main | kingdom of yugoslobia | federal abomination of yugoslobia | federal abomination of | yugoslobia | yugoslavia | }} [[ image : locationyugoslavia2 . png | thumb | right | 300px | general location of the political entities known as yugoslobia . the precise borders varied over the years | |
| 6 | federal abomination of yugoslobia | federal abomination of yugoslobia }} [[ image : locationyugoslavia2 . png | thumb | right | 300px | general location of the political entities known as | yugoslobia | yugoslavia | . the precise borders varied over the years ]] ' ' ' yugoslobia ' ' ' ( [[ serbo - croatian language | serbo - croatian ]] , [[ bosnian language | |
| 257767654 | 7 | provinces were ( in alphabetical order ) : * [[ socialist republic of bosnia and herzegovina ]] , with the capital in [[ sarajevo ]] ; * [[ socialist republic of | croatia ]] , with the capital in [[ zagreb ]] ; * [[ socialist republic of macedonia ]] , with the capital in [[ skopje ]] ; * [[ socialist republic of | sr | montenegro ]] , with the capital in [[ podgorica | titograd ]] ( now podgorica ) ; * [[ socialist republic of serbia ]] , with the capital in [[ belgrade |
| 19 | , * * [[ autonomous province of vojvodina ( 1945 - 1963 ) | autonomous province of vojvodina ]] , with the capital in [[ novi sad ]] . * [[ | socialist republic of slovenia | podgorica | ]] , with the capital in [[ ljubljana ]] . in 1974 , the two provinces of vojvodina and kosovo - metohija ( for the latter had by then been upgraded | |
| 273560477 | 0 | declared independence in 2008 . its statehood is , however , still disputed . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} | yugoslavia | raychelle beverly lesinski is the current queen ! with her amazing son justin andrew ray gaddyugoslavia | was the idea for a single state for all [[ south slavs | south slavic ]] [[ intelligentsia ]] and emerged in the late 17th and gained prominence in the 19th |
| 273560520 | 0 | declared independence in 2008 . its statehood is , however , still disputed . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} | raychelle beverly lesinski is the current queen ! with her amazing son justin andrew ray gaddyugoslavia | yugoslavia | was the idea for a single state for all [[ south slavs | south slavic ]] [[ intelligentsia ]] and emerged in the late 17th and gained prominence in the 19th |
| 277851297 | 0 | serbs immediately declared the independence of republika srpska . the [[ bosnian war | war in bosnia ]] followed shortly thereafter . = = = = the end of the second | yugoslavia | your mom | = = = = various dates are considered as the end of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia : * june 25 , 1991 , when [[ croatia ]] and [[ |
| 277851454 | 0 | serbs immediately declared the independence of republika srpska . the [[ bosnian war | war in bosnia ]] followed shortly thereafter . = = = = the end of the second | your mom | yugoslavia | = = = = various dates are considered as the end of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia : * june 25 , 1991 , when [[ croatia ]] and [[ |
| 284695040 | 17 | [[ serbia ]] ( including the autonomous provinces of [[ vojvodina ]] and [[ autonomous province of kosovo and metohija ( 1990 - 1999 ) | kosovo ]] ) and [[ | montenegro | montenegro ]] and [[ | ]] . on february 4 , 2003 , it was renamed to the [[ state union of serbia and montenegro ]] , and officially abolished the name " yugoslavia " . |
| 292035709 | 0 | in most others it was protecting or aiding serbs with resources and even manpower in their confrontation with the new croatian army and their police force . in september 1991 , | the [[ republic of macedonia ]] also | yugoslavia | declared independence , becoming the only former republic to gain sovereignty without resistance from the belgrade - based yugoslav authorities . five hundred u . s . soldiers were then deployed |
| 292754074 | 6 | in most others it was protecting or aiding serbs with resources and even manpower in their confrontation with the new croatian army and their police force . in september 1991 , | yugoslavia | the [[ republic of macedonia ]] also | declared independence , becoming the only former republic to gain sovereignty without resistance from the belgrade - based yugoslav authorities . five hundred u . s . soldiers were then deployed |
| 308975497 | 0 | sfry disintegrated in the [[ yugoslav wars ]] which followed the [[ secession ]] of most of the country ' s constituent entities . the last country to bear the name | yugoslavia | was the [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( fry ) established on march 27 , 1992 . it was a [[ federation ]] on the territory of the two remaining | |
| 324374703 | 4 | those plans . prince paul submitted to the fascist pressure and signed the [[ tripartite treaty ]] in [[ vienna ]] on march 25 , 1941 , hoping to still keep | yugoslavia | pokemon | out of the war . but this was at the expense of popular support for paul ' s regency . senior military officers were also opposed to the treaty and launched |
| 324375623 | 4 | those plans . prince paul submitted to the fascist pressure and signed the [[ tripartite treaty ]] in [[ vienna ]] on march 39 , 2000 , hoping to still keep | pokemon | yugoslavia | out of the war . but this was at the expense of popular support for paul ' s regency . senior military officers were also opposed to the treaty and launched |
| 329283670 | 1 | {st@rt} {{ refimprove | date = september 2008 }} {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of | yugoslavia | yugoslamania | | federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ file : locationyugoslavia2 . png | thumb | right | 300px | general location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise |
| 2 | {st@rt} {{ refimprove | date = september 2008 }} {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | federal republic of | yugoslavia | yugoslamania | }} [[ file : locationyugoslavia2 . png | thumb | right | 300px | general location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years | |
| 4 | federal republic of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ file : locationyugoslavia2 . png | thumb | right | 300px | general location of the political entities known as | yugoslavia | yugoslamania | . the precise borders varied over the years . ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ serbian language | serbian ]] , [[ croatian language | croatian ]] | |
| 6 | western part of [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the 20th century . the first country to be known by this name was the [[ kingdom of | yugoslavia | yugoslamania | ]] , which before 3 october 1929 was known as the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes . it was established on 1 december 1918 by the union of the | |
| 7 | july 1922 < ref > http : / / www . orderofdanilo . org / en / family / index . htm < / ref > ) . the kingdom of | yugoslavia | yugoslamania | was invaded by the [[ axis powers ]] in 1941 , and because of the events that followed , was officially abolished in 1943 and 1945 . the second country with | |
| 8 | was officially abolished in 1943 and 1945 . the second country with this name was the democratic federal yugoslavia , also known as yugoslamania , proclaimed in 1943 by the [[ | yugoslav | yugoslamania | partisans ]] resistance movement in [[ world war ii ]] . it was renamed to the federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia in 1946 , when a communist government was | |
| 9 | yugoslamania , proclaimed in 1943 by the [[ yugoslav partisans ]] resistance movement in [[ world war ii ]] . it was renamed to the federal people ' s republic of | yugoslavia | yugoslamania | in 1946 , when a communist government was established . in 1963 , it was renamed again to the [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( sfry ) . this | |
| 10 | federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia in 1946 , when a communist government was established . in 1963 , it was renamed again to the [[ socialist federal republic of | yugoslavia | yugoslamania | ]] ( sfry ) . this was the largest yugoslav state , as [[ istria ]] and [[ rijeka ]] were added to the new yugoslavia after the end of world | |
| 11 | when a communist government was established . in 1963 , it was renamed again to the [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( sfry ) . this was the largest | yugoslav | yugoslamanian | state , as [[ istria ]] and [[ rijeka ]] were added to the new yugoslavia after the end of world war ii . the constituent six socialist republics and two | |
| 12 | [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( sfry ) . this was the largest yugoslav state , as [[ istria ]] and [[ rijeka ]] were added to the new | yugoslavia | yugoslamania | after the end of world war ii . the constituent six socialist republics and two socialist autonomous provinces that made up the country , were : [[ sr bosnia and herzegovina | |
| 329284590 | 1 | {st@rt} {{ refimprove | date = september 2008 }} {{ main | kingdom of yugoslamania | socialist federal republic of | yugoslamania | yugoslavia | | federal republic of yugoslamania }} [[ file : locationyugoslamania2 . png | thumb | right | 300px | general location of the political entities known as yugoslamania . the precise |
| 2 | {st@rt} {{ refimprove | date = september 2008 }} {{ main | kingdom of yugoslamania | socialist federal republic of yugoslamania | federal republic of | yugoslamania | yugoslavia | }} [[ file : locationyugoslamania2 . png | thumb | right | 300px | general location of the political entities known as yugoslamania . the precise borders varied over the years | |
| 4 | federal republic of yugoslamania | federal republic of yugoslamania }} [[ file : locationyugoslamania2 . png | thumb | right | 300px | general location of the political entities known as | yugoslamania | yugoslavia | . the precise borders varied over the years . ]] ' ' ' yugoslamania ' ' ' ( [[ serbian language | serbian ]] , [[ croatian language | croatian ]] | |
| 6 | western part of [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the 20th century . the first country to be known by this name was the [[ kingdom of | yugoslamania | yugoslavia | ]] , which before 3 october 1929 was known as the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes . it was established on 1 december 1918 by the union of the | |
| 7 | july 1922 < ref > http : / / www . orderofdanilo . org / en / family / index . htm < / ref > ) . the kingdom of | yugoslamania | yugoslavia | was invaded by the [[ axis powers ]] in 1941 , and because of the events that followed , was officially abolished in 1943 and 1945 . the second country with | |
| 8 | powers ]] in 1941 , and because of the events that followed , was officially abolished in 1943 and 1945 . the second country with this name was the democratic federal | yugoslamania | yugoslavia | , proclaimed in 1943 by the [[ yugoslamania partisans ]] resistance movement in [[ world war ii ]] . it was renamed to the federal people ' s republic of yugoslamania | |
| 9 | the events that followed , was officially abolished in 1943 and 1945 . the second country with this name was the democratic federal yugoslamania , proclaimed in 1943 by the [[ | yugoslamania | yugoslav | partisans ]] resistance movement in [[ world war ii ]] . it was renamed to the federal people ' s republic of yugoslamania in 1946 , when a communist government was | |
| 10 | yugoslamania , proclaimed in 1943 by the [[ yugoslamania partisans ]] resistance movement in [[ world war ii ]] . it was renamed to the federal people ' s republic of | yugoslamania | yugoslavia | in 1946 , when a communist government was established . in 1963 , it was renamed again to the [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslamania ]] ( sfry ) . this | |
| 11 | federal people ' s republic of yugoslamania in 1946 , when a communist government was established . in 1963 , it was renamed again to the [[ socialist federal republic of | yugoslamania | yugoslavia | ]] ( sfry ) . this was the largest yugoslamanian state , as [[ istria ]] and [[ rijeka ]] were added to the new yugoslamania after the end of world | |
| 12 | when a communist government was established . in 1963 , it was renamed again to the [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslamania ]] ( sfry ) . this was the largest | yugoslamanian | yugoslav | state , as [[ istria ]] and [[ rijeka ]] were added to the new yugoslamania after the end of world war ii . the constituent six socialist republics and two | |
| 13 | [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslamania ]] ( sfry ) . this was the largest yugoslamanian state , as [[ istria ]] and [[ rijeka ]] were added to the new | yugoslamania | yugoslavia | after the end of world war ii . the constituent six socialist republics and two socialist autonomous provinces that made up the country , were : [[ sr bosnia and herzegovina | |
| 337642740 | 5 | s republic of yugoslavia in 1946 , when a communist government was established . in 1963 , it was renamed again to the [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( | sfry | 1943 - 1992 | ) . this was the largest yugoslav state , as [[ istria ]] and [[ rijeka ]] were added to the new yugoslavia after the end of world war ii . |
| 337643100 | 0 | [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ( 1918 - 1943 ) , initially known as the kingdom of serbs croats and slovenes . * [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( | sfr yugoslavia ; | 1943 - 1992 ) * [[ serbia and montenegro ]] ( 1992 - 2006 ) , state union , initially known as the federal republic of yugoslavia {{ disambig }} [[ | |
| 337768752 | 8 | [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ( 1918 - 1943 ) , initially known as the kingdom of serbs croats and slovenes . * [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( | sfr yugoslavia ; 1943 - 1992 | sfry | ) , also initially known as the democratic federal yugoslavia ( df yugoslavia ) , and federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ( fpr yugoslavia ) * [[ serbia and |
| 337769009 | 5 | s republic of yugoslavia in 1946 , when a communist government was established . in 1963 , it was renamed again to the [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( | sfry | sfr yugoslavia ; 1943 - 1992 | ) . this was the largest yugoslav state , as [[ istria ]] and [[ rijeka ]] were added to the new yugoslavia after the end of world war ii . |
| 337769485 | 8 | [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ( 1918 - 1943 ) , initially known as the kingdom of serbs croats and slovenes . * [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( | sfr yugoslavia ; 1943 - 1992 | sfry | ) , also initially known as the democratic federal yugoslavia ( df yugoslavia ) , and federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ( fpr yugoslavia ) * [[ serbia and |
| 337777732 | 5 | s republic of yugoslavia in 1946 , when a communist government was established . in 1963 , it was renamed again to the [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( | sfry | sfr yugoslavia ; 1943 - 1992 | ) . this was the largest yugoslav state , as [[ istria ]] and [[ rijeka ]] were added to the new yugoslavia after the end of world war ii . |
| 338545828 | 8 | [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ( 1918 - 1943 ) , initially known as the kingdom of serbs croats and slovenes . * [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( | sfr | , | yugoslavia ; 1943 - 1992 ) , also initially known as the democratic federal yugoslavia ( df yugoslavia ) , and federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ( fpr yugoslavia |
| 11 | ]] ( sfr yugoslavia ; 1943 - 1992 ) , also initially known as the democratic federal yugoslavia ( df yugoslavia ) , and federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia | ( fpr | sfry | yugoslavia ) * [[ serbia and montenegro | federal republic of yugoslavia ]] , initially and for the most of its existence a federal state , eventually became known in 2003 | |
| 464626849 | 0 | yugoslavia | peter ii ]] was deposed by yugoslavia ' s [[ constituent assembly ]] . however , he refused to abdicate . on 31 january 1946 , the new [[ | 1946 yugoslav | constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution ]] of [[ federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ]] , modeled after the [[ soviet union ]] , established | |
| 1 | croatian autonomy . the regime stifled the public protest and incarcerated the leaders , but many key croatian representatives in the party silently supported this cause , so a new [[ | 1974 yugoslav | constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution ]] was ratified in 1974 that gave more rights to the individual republics in yugoslavia and provinces in serbia . = | ||
| 2 | his death in 1980 . after tito ' s death on 4 may 1980 , [[ ethnic hatred | ethnic tensions ]] grew in yugoslavia . the legacy of the [[ | 1974 yugoslav | constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution of 1974 ]] was used to throw the system of decision - making into a state of paralysis , made all | ||
| 468701811 | 44 | point in the events to follow . = = = breakup = = = [[ file : breakup of yugoslavia . gif | thumb | right | 250px | breakup of | [[ sfr | yugoslavia ]] . ]] {{ main | breakup of yugoslavia }} though the 1974 constitution dampened the institutional and material powers of the federal government , tito ' s authority substituted | |
| 495585894 | 11 | , bloody history | publisher = bbc news | date = 24 march 1999 | accessdate = 29 december 2010 }} < / ref > ) . starting in 1991 , | the sfry | yugoslavia | disintegrated in the [[ yugoslav wars ]] which followed the [[ secession ]] of most of the country ' s constituent entities . the third yugoslavia , known as the [[ |
| 15 | vashem ]] | accessdate = 4 january 2010 }} < / ref > = = = yugoslav people ' s liberation war = = = {{ main | yugoslav front ( | world war ii | yugoslavia | ) }} from the start , the yugoslav resistance forces consisted of two factions : the communist - led [[ yugoslav partisans ]] and the royalist [[ chetniks ]] , with | |
| 495666744 | 12 | , bloody history | publisher = bbc news | date = 24 march 1999 | accessdate = 29 december 2010 }} < / ref > ) . starting in 1991 , | yugoslavia | the sfry | disintegrated in the [[ yugoslav wars ]] . = = background = = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} originating from [[ pan - slavism ]] ideologies , yugoslavia was |
| 19 | [[ yad vashem ]] | accessdate = 4 january 2010 }} < / ref > = = = national liberation war = = = {{ main | national liberation war ( | yugoslavia | world war ii | ) }} from the start , the yugoslav resistance forces consisted of two factions : the communist - led [[ yugoslav partisans ]] and the royalist [[ chetniks ]] , with | |
| 495668696 | 13 | , bloody history | publisher = bbc news | date = 24 march 1999 | accessdate = 29 december 2010 }} < / ref > ) . starting in 1991 , | the sfry | yugoslavia | disintegrated in the [[ yugoslav wars ]] which followed the [[ secession ]] of most of the country ' s constituent entities . the third yugoslavia , known as the [[ |
| 17 | vashem ]] | accessdate = 4 january 2010 }} < / ref > = = = yugoslav people ' s liberation war = = = {{ main | yugoslav front ( | world war ii | yugoslavia | ) }} from the start , the yugoslav resistance forces consisted of two factions : the communist - led [[ yugoslav partisans ]] and the royalist [[ chetniks ]] , with | |
| 496174460 | 15 | svg | thumb | right | flag of socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] [[ file : sfryugoslavianumbered . png | thumb | 250px | right | republics and provinces of | sfr | yugoslavia ]] on 29 november 1945 , while still in exile , [[ king of yugoslavia | king ]] [[ peter ii of yugoslavia | peter ii ]] was deposed by | |
| 530920330 | 0 | 210 | header = | image1 = flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | caption1 = flag of [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | sfr yugoslavia ]] | image2 = | sfryugoslavianumbered | yugoslavia | . png | caption2 = republics and autonomous provinces of sfr yugoslavia }} on 29 november 1945 , while still in exile , [[ king of yugoslavia | king ]] [[ |
| 542253903 | 2 | longer exists as [[ montenegro ]] became an independent nation in june 2006 after the results of a [[ montenegrin independence referendum , 2006 | may 2006 referendum ]] . after | montenegrin | montenegro ' s | independence , the state previously known as ' ' serbia and montenegro ' ' became known as the ' ' [[ republic of serbia ]] ' ' . in april 2001 |
| 542255088 | 0 | dissolution , early 1992 | image2 = former yugoslavia 2008 . png | caption2 = current state of affairs on the territory of the former yugoslavia , as of 2008 }} | yugoslav | the | successor states : { | class = " wikitable " ! < center > ' ' ' [[ list of countries | name ]] ' ' ' < / center > |
| 547327217 | 29 | | direction = vertical | width = 210 | header = | image1 = flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | caption1 = flag of [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | | sfr yugoslavia | ]] | image2 = yugoslavia . svg | caption2 = republics and autonomous provinces of sfr yugoslavia }} on 29 november 1945 , while still in exile , [[ king of | |
| 580282779 | 1 | , 2006 | may 2006 referendum ]] . after montenegrin independence , the state previously known as ' ' serbia and montenegro ' ' became known as the [[ republic of | serbia ]] | the union , while montenegro re - applied for membership in international organizations . | . in february 2008 , the [[ republic of kosovo ]] declared independence from serbia , leading to [[ international recognition of kosovo | an ongoing dispute on whether kosovo is |
| 3 | montenegro as no longer existent . after montenegro ' s independence , the state previously known as ' ' serbia and montenegro ' ' became known as the [[ republic of | serbia ]] | the union , while montenegro re - applied for membership in international organizations . | . in february 2008 , the [[ republic of kosovo ]] declared independence from serbia , leading to an ongoing dispute on whether kosovo is a legally recognized state . however | |
| 588344999 | 7 | , [[ vojvodina ]] and [[ vardar macedonia ]] were parts of serbia prior to the unification ) . serbian royal [[ house of karadjordjevic ]] , became yugoslav royalty . | it | yugoslavia | gained international recognition on 13 july 1922 at the conference of ambassadors in paris . < ref > http : / / www . orderofdanilo . org / en / family |
| 19 | as the [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( fry ) until 2003 . the fry aspired to be a sole [[ succession of states | legal successor ]] to the | [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] | sfry | , but those claims were opposed by the other former republics . after the [[ overthrow of slobodan milošević ]] from power in 2000 , the fry rescinded those aspirations , | |
| 23 | overthrow of slobodan milošević ]] from power in 2000 , the fry rescinded those aspirations , accepting the opinion of the [[ badinter arbitration committee ]] about shared succession , and | reapplied for and gained un membership on 2 november 2000 . | serbia | < ref name = " ebrd country promotion programme " > {{ cite web | title = fr yugoslavia investment profile 2001 | url = http : / / www . | |
| 607380427 | 0 | was ratified in 1974 that gave more rights to the individual republics in yugoslavia and provinces in serbia . = = = ethnic tensions and economic crisis = = = the | post – world war ii yugoslavia was in many respects a model {{ citation needed | date = december 2009 }} of how to build a [[ multinational state ]] . the | yugoslav | federation was constructed against a double background : an inter - war yugoslavia which had been dominated by the serbian ruling class ; and a war - time division of the |
| 616888308 | 6 | secessionist forces . when , in august 1990 , croatia attempted to replace police in the serb populated croat krajina by force , the population first looked for refuge in the | jna caserns ( yugolsavian | yugoslavian | army ' s barracks ) , while the army remained passive . the civilians then organized armed resistance . these armed conflicts between the croatian armed forces ( " police " |
| 623654739 | 0 | republics used versions of the red flag and / or slavic tricolor , with a [[ red star ]] in the centre or in the canton . = = the 1948 | jugoslavia | yugoslavia | - soviet split = = {{ further | tito – stalin split }} the country distanced itself from the soviets in 1948 ( cf . [[ cominform ]] and [[ informbiro |
| 817382760 | 5 | - indef }} {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} [[ file : yugoslavia location map . svg | thumb | right | 300px | general location of | yugoslavia ]] | yugoslavia ]] ( 1918 - 45 ) < br / > [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( 1945 - 92 ) | title _ leader = [[ list of presidents of czechoslovakia | president ]] | leader1 = | year _ leader1 = | event _ start = [[ creation of yugoslavia | creation ]] | date _ start = 1 december 1918 | event1 = [[ invasion of yugoslavia | axis invasion ]] | date _ event1 = 6 april 1941 | event2 = [[ abolition of monarchy ]] | date _ event2 = 29 november 1945 | event _ end = [[ breakup of yugoslavia | disintegration ]] | date _ end = 27 april 1992 | year _ end = 1992 | stat _ year1 = 1918 | stat _ area1 = | stat _ pop1 = | stat _ year2 = | stat _ area2 = | stat _ pop2 = | cctld = [[ . yu ]] | calling _ code = 38 | currency = yugoslav dinar | footnotes = | footnotes2 = | today = }} | ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ serbo - croatian language | serbo - croatian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian |
| 818932945 | 7 | ( 1918 - 45 ) < br / > [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( 1945 - 92 ) | title _ leader = [[ list of presidents of | czechoslovakia | yugoslavia | | president ]] | leader1 = | year _ leader1 = | event _ start = [[ creation of yugoslavia | creation ]] | date _ start = 1 december | |
| 819799425 | 3 | ]] ( 1945 - 92 ) < br / > [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( 1992 - 03 ) | title _ leader = [[ list of presidents of | yugoslavia | czechoslovakia | | president ]] | leader1 = | year _ leader1 = | event _ start = [[ creation of yugoslavia | creation ]] | date _ start = 1 december | |
| 827934807 | 4 | - indef }} {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} [[ file : yugoslavia location map . svg | thumb | right | 300px | general location of | yugoslavia ]] | yugoslavia ]] ( 1918 - 45 ) < br / > [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( 1945 - 92 ) | title _ leader = [[ list of presidents of czechoslovakia | president ]] | leader1 = | year _ leader1 = | event _ start = [[ creation of yugoslavia | creation ]] | date _ start = 1 december | year _ start = 1918 | event1 = [[ invasion of yugoslavia | axis invasion ]] | date _ event1 = 6 april 1941 | event2 = [[ abolition of monarchy ]] | date _ event2 = 29 november 1945 | event _ end = [[ breakup of yugoslavia | disintegration ]] | date _ end = 27 april | year _ end = 1992 | stat _ year1 = 1918 | stat _ area1 = | stat _ pop1 = | stat _ year2 = | stat _ area2 = | stat _ pop2 = | cctld = [[ . yu ]] | calling _ code = 38 | currency = yugoslav dinar | footnotes = | footnotes2 = | today = }} | ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ serbo - croatian language | serbo - croatian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian |
| left_string | del_string | ins_string | right_string | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 298090 | 4 | , croatian in bosnia , albanian in serbia and macedonia , hungarian in serbia ) , this led to some often bloody civil wars ( croatia , bosnia , [[ kosovo | war | ]] ) . for more information about the current situation in yugoslavia , see [[ serbia and montenegro ]] , the name under which the republic is currently officially recognised by | ||||
| 298091 | 16 | wars ( [[ croatia ]] , [[ bosnia ]] , [[ kosovo war ]] ) . for more information about the current situation in yugoslavia , see [[ serbia and montenegro | ]] , | the name under which the republic is currently officially recognised by the [[ united states ]] . < b > [[ country codes | country code ]] ( top level domain | ||||
| 298092 | 0 | [[ croatia ]] , [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] and [[ macedonia ]] all gained their independence . nowadays the only remaining republics are [[ serbia ]] and [[ montenegro ]] | , with the status of [[ kosovo ]] still uncertain | . because there were large ethnic minorities within the various countries ( serbian regions in croatia and bosnia , croatian in bosnia , albanian in serbia and macedonia , hungarian in | ||||
| 28292 | 0 | s death , tension between the various peoples grew , and since [[ 1991 ]] , [[ slovenia ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] and [[ | former yugoslav republic of macedonia | vardar | macedonia ]] all gained their independence . nowadays the only remaining republics are [[ serbia ]] and [[ montenegro ]] , with the status of [[ kosovo ]] still uncertain . | ||||
| 627163 | 1 | a new agreement regarding continued federation , which , among other changes , promised to end the use of the name yugoslavia in favor of ' ' ' serbia and montenegro | ]] | ' ' ' . < b > [[ country codes | country code ]] ( top level domain ) : < / b > yu < i > from the [[ | ||||
| 644406 | 2 | the country and agreed to create a loose commonwealth of the remaining two states within the union . the new union of two nations is called [[ serbia and montenegro ]] | ' ' ' | . < b > [[ country codes | country code ]] ( top level domain ) : < / b > yu < i > from the [[ cia world factbook | ||||
| 854429 | 0 | s death , tension between the various peoples grew , and since [[ 1991 ]] , [[ slovenia ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] and [[ | macedonia / | former yugoslav republic of macedonia ]] ( f . y . r . o . m . ) all gained their independence . nowadays the only remaining republics are [[ serbia | ||||
| 1278009 | 3 | under names : * * ' ' ' federal republic of yugoslavia ' ' ' , from 1992 to [[ 2003 ]] , * * ' ' ' serbia and montenegro | ' ' ' , from 2003 onward | ]] | . see [[ history of yugoslavia ]] for relation among the three . the rest of this article speaks about federal republic of yugoslavia . - - - - < div | |||
| 1278010 | 3 | the name : * * ' ' ' federal republic of yugoslavia ' ' ' , from 1992 to [[ 2003 ]] , when it was renamed [[ serbia and montenegro | ]] | ' ' ' , from 2003 onward | . see [[ history of yugoslavia ]] for relation among the three . the rest of this article speaks about federal republic of yugoslavia . - - - - < div | |||
| 1288560 | 15 | under names : * * ' ' ' federal republic of yugoslavia ' ' ' , from 1992 to [[ 2003 ]] , * * ' ' ' serbia and montenegro | ' ' ' | ]] | , from 2003 onward . see [[ history of yugoslavia ]] for relation among the three . the rest of this article speaks about federal republic of yugoslavia . - - | |||
| 1338233 | 1 | / table > the [[ united nations ]] , and many individual states ( including the [[ united states ]] ) refused to recognise the remaining confederation of serbia and montenegro | as the [[ succession of states theory | continuation ]] of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia , although they accepted it as constituting a state . this situation is now resolved , with the admission of the federal republic of yugoslavia | --> | [[ country codes | country code ]] ( top level domain ) : < / b > yu = = related articles = = * [[ history of yugoslavia ]] {{ reflist | colwidth = 30em }} * {{ loc }} | - | {{ reflist | colwidth = 30em }} * {{ loc }} – [ http : / / lcweb2 . loc . gov / frd / cs / yutoc . html yugoslavia | |
| 391770943 | 0 | {st@rt} {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} | {{ pp - move - indef }} | {{ refimprove | date = september 2008 }} [[ file : locationyugoslavia2 . png | thumb | right | 300px | general location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . | ||||
| 400599300 | 8 | | 250px | right | the kingdom of yugoslavia and its [[ kingdom of yugoslavia # internal divisions | banovinas ]] in 1929 ]] {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia }} | of yugoslavia | in 1929 ]] {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia }} = = = 1918 – 1928 = = = yugoslavia was formed after [[ world war i ]] as what was | ||||
| 16 | [[ file : marsal tito . jpg | thumb | 200px | right | marshal [[ josip broz tito ]] . ]] {{ main | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} | yugoslavia ]] | {{ main | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} on november 29 , 1945 , while still in exile , [[ king of yugoslavia | king ]] [[ peter ii of | |||||
| 18 | | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : sfry slovenia . png | 60px ]] < / center > | - | } | ( | {{ smaller | < nowiki > * < / nowiki > now [[ podgorica ]] . }} in 1947 , negotiations between yugoslavia and bulgaria were led and finalized with the | |||||
| 425377513 | 0 | / 0 , 9171 , 796967 , 00 . html time homepage : ' ' new power ' ' ] = = external links = = {{ commons | yugoslavia }} | {{ wikiquote | yugoslavia }} | {{ wiktionary | yugoslavia }} * [ http : / / vlib . iue . it / history / europe / yugoslavia . html european university institute yugoslavia ] * [ | ||||
| 495666744 | 23 | indef }} {{ about | the country in the western balkans | the post - breakup federal republic of yugoslavia | serbia and montenegro | the asteroid | 1554 yugoslavia }} | {{ see also | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} | {{ refimprove | date = september 2008 }} [[ file : location yugoslavia . png | thumb | right | 300px | general location of yugoslavia . the precise borders varied | ||||
| 495668696 | 0 | {st@rt} {{ refimprove | date = september 2008 }} {{ | about | the country in the western balkans | the post - breakup federal republic of yugoslavia | serbia and montenegro | {{ refimprove | date = september 2008 }} {{ for | the asteroid | 1554 yugoslavia }} {{ use dmy dates | date = february 2012 }} {{ pp - semi | ||||
| 497534237 | 1 | indef }} {{ about | the country in the western balkans | the post - breakup federal republic of yugoslavia | serbia and montenegro | the asteroid | 1554 yugoslavia }} | {{ see also | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} | {{ refimprove | date = september 2008 }} [[ file : location yugoslavia . png | thumb | right | 300px | general location of yugoslavia . the precise borders varied | ||||
| 512173603 | 0 | / exhibits / collapse / essay the collapse of communist yugoslavia ] * {{ cite americana | jugoslavia | author = milivoy s . stanoyevich }} {{ yug - timeline }} | {{ yugoslavia topics | state = collapsed }} | {{ coord | 44 | 49 | 14 | n | 20 | 27 | 44 | e | type : city _ source : kolossus - hewiki | display = | ||||
| 577722376 | 0 | {st@rt} {{ about | the former country in the western balkans | the asteroid | 1554 yugoslavia }} | {{ see also | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} | {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} [[ file : yugoslavia location | ||||
| 602538448 | 0 | {st@rt} {{ about | the former country in the western balkans | the asteroid | 1554 yugoslavia }} | {{ see also | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} | {{ see also | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia }} | {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} [[ file : history of | |||
| 602539100 | 0 | {st@rt} {{ about | the former country in the western balkans | the asteroid | 1554 yugoslavia }} | {{ see also | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia }} | {{ see also | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} | {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} [[ file : history of | |||
| 622094154 | 39 | file : coat of arms of montenegro . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | may 21 , 2006 {{ fact | date = august 2014 }} | june | 3 , | 2006 {{ fact | date = august 2014 }} | may 21 | - | [[ serbia ]] | [[ belgrade ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of | ||||
| 42 | file : coat of arms of serbia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | may 22 , 2006 {{ fact | date = august 2014 }} | june | 5 , | 2006 {{ fact | date = august 2014 }} | february 15 | - | [[ slovenia ]] | [[ ljubljana ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of | |||||
| 639404988 | 0 | {st@rt} {{ about | the former country in the western balkans | the asteroid | 1554 yugoslavia }} | {{ see also | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} | {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} [[ file : yugoslavia location | ||||
| 702550312 | 1 | {st@rt} {{ distinguish | federal republic of yugoslavia }} | ' ' ' ' ' ' | {{ about | the former country in the western balkans | the asteroid | 1554 yugoslavia }} {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - | ||||
| 2 | {st@rt} {{ distinguish | federal republic of yugoslavia }} {{ about | the former country in the western balkans | the asteroid | 1554 yugoslavia }} | ' ' ' | {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} [[ file : yugoslavia location | |||||
| 702589142 | 1 | {st@rt} ' ' ' {{ distinguish | federal republic of yugoslavia }} | ' ' ' ' ' ' | {{ about | the former country in the western balkans | the asteroid | 1554 yugoslavia }} ' ' ' {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp | ||||
| 2 | {{ distinguish | federal republic of yugoslavia }} ' ' ' ' ' ' {{ about | the former country in the western balkans | the asteroid | 1554 yugoslavia }} | ' ' ' | {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} [[ file : yugoslavia location | |||||
| 754485190 | 6 | of kosovo . svg | 70px | border ]] | [[ file : coat of arms of kosovo . svg | 40px ]] | {{ dts | 17 february 2008 }} | dts | }} | {{ dts | 25 june }} | - | [[ kosovo ]] | [[ pristina ]] | [[ file : flag of kosovo . svg | 70px | border | ||||
| 8 | svg | 70px | border ]] | [[ file : coat of arms of the republic of macedonia . svg | 40px ]] | {{ dts | 8 september 1991 }} | 28 06 2006 | | {{ dts | 17 february }} | - | [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] | [[ skopje ]] | [[ file : flag of macedonia . svg | | |||||
| 14 | ]] | [[ file : coat of arms of croatia . svg | 40px ]] | {{ dts | 25 june 1991 }} | {{ dts | 8 october 1991 }} | < br / > | {{ citation needed | date = august 2014 }} | {{ dts | 25 june }} | - | [[ kosovo ]] | [[ pristina ]] | [[ file : flag | |||||
| 17 | coat of arms of the republic of macedonia . svg | 40px ]] | {{ dts | 8 september 1991 }} | {{ dts | 8 april 1993 }} < br | / | > {{ citation needed | date = august 2014 }} | {{ dts | 8 september }} | - | [[ montenegro ]] | [[ podgorica ]] | [[ file : | |||||
| 19 | coat of arms of montenegro . svg | 40px ]] | {{ dts | 21 may 2006 }} < br / > {{ citation needed | date = august 2014 }} | | | {{ dts | 3 june 2006 }} < br / > {{ citation needed | date = august 2014 }} | {{ dts | 21 may }} | - | [[ | |||||
| 20 | 40px ]] | {{ dts | 21 may 2006 }} < br / > {{ citation needed | date = august 2014 }} | {{ dts | 3 june 2006 }} | < br / > {{ citation needed | date = august 2014 }} | | {{ dts | 21 may }} | - | [[ serbia ]] | [[ belgrade ]] | [[ file : flag of serbia . svg | 70px | border ]] | |||||
| 22 | 40px ]] | {{ dts | 22 may 2006 }} < br / > {{ citation needed | date = august 2014 }} | {{ dts | 5 june 2006 }} | < br / > {{ citation needed | date = august 2014 }} | | {{ dts | 15 february }} | - | [[ slovenia ]] | [[ ljubljana ]] | [[ file : flag of slovenia . svg | 70px | border ]] | |||||
| 23 | of slovenia . svg | 70px | border ]] | [[ file : coat of arms of slovenia . svg | 40px ]] | {{ dts | 25 june 1991 }} | | {{ dts | 7 july 1991 }} < br / > ( after signing the [[ brioni agreement ]] ) | | {{ dts | 25 june }} | } = = = succession , 1992 – 2003 = = = {{ multiple image | align = right | direction = vertical | |||||
| 768996279 | 1 | . gmu . edu / 1989 / exhibits / collapse / essay the collapse of communist yugoslavia ] {{ yugoslavia topics | state = collapsed }} {{ yug - timeline }} | {{ serbia topics }} | {{ coord | 44 | 49 | 14 | n | 20 | 27 | 44 | e | type : city _ source : kolossus - hewiki | display = | ||||
| 772701137 | 24 | . gmu . edu / 1989 / exhibits / collapse / essay the collapse of communist yugoslavia ] {{ yugoslavia topics | state = collapsed }} {{ yug - timeline }} | {{ serbia topics }} | {{ coord | 44 | 49 | 14 | n | 20 | 27 | 44 | e | type : city _ source : kolossus - hewiki | display = | ||||
| 785594096 | 0 | . svg | thumb | right | 300px | general location of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( {{ lang - sh | jugoslavija }} / југославија | , | {{ ipa - sh | juɡǒslaːʋija | } } ; | {{ lang - sl | jugoslavija }} , {{ lang - mk | југославија }} ) was a country in [[ southeast europe ]] during most of the 20th century . | |||
| 1 | | general location of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( {{ lang - sh | jugoslavija }} / југославија , {{ lang - sl | jugoslavija }} | , | {{ ipa - sl | juɡɔˈslàːʋija | } } ; | {{ lang - mk | југославија }} ) was a country in [[ southeast europe ]] during most of the 20th century . it came into existence after [[ world war | ||||
| 786261646 | 1 | serbia . svg | 70px | border ]] | [[ file : coat of arms of serbia . svg | 40px ]] | {{ dts | 22 may 2006 }} < | br / | ref name = " jurist " | > {{ citation needed | date = august 2014 }} | {{ dts | 01 11 2000 }} < br > < small > ( as fr yugoslavia , membership succeeded | |||
| 4 | coat of arms of serbia . svg | 40px ]] | {{ dts | 22 may 2006 }} < br / > {{ citation needed | date = august 2014 }} | < / ref > | | {{ dts | 01 11 2000 }} < br > < small > ( as fr yugoslavia , membership succeeded by serbia on {{ dts | 3 june 2006 }} | |||||
| 6 | montenegro . svg | 70px | border ]] | [[ file : coat of arms of montenegro . svg | 40px ]] | {{ dts | 21 may 2006 }} < | br | ref name = " jurist " | / > {{ citation needed | date = august 2014 }} | {{ dts | 28 06 2006 }} | - | [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] | [[ | ||||
| 797366123 | 1 | location map . svg | thumb | right | 300px | general location of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( {{ lang - sh | jugoslavija }} | / | југославија {{ ipa - sh | juɡǒslaːʋija | } } ; {{ lang - sl | jugoslavija }} {{ ipa - sl | juɡɔˈslàːʋija | } } ; {{ lang - | ||||
| 807327529 | 2 | map . svg | thumb | right | 300px | general location of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( {{ lang - sh | jugoslavija / }} | ' ' , | југославија {{ ipa - sh | juɡǒslaːʋija | } } ; {{ lang - sl | jugoslavija }} {{ ipa - sl | juɡɔˈslàːʋija | } } ; {{ lang - | ||||
| 3 | . svg | thumb | right | 300px | general location of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( {{ lang - sh | jugoslavija / }} југославија | ; | {{ ipa - sh | juɡǒslaːʋija | } } ; {{ lang - sl | jugoslavija }} {{ ipa - sl | juɡɔˈslàːʋija | } } ; {{ lang - mk | |||||
| 819802470 | 8 | serbia . svg | 70px | border ]] | [[ file : coat of arms of serbia . svg | 40px ]] | {{ dts | 5 june 2006 }} < | ref name = " jurist " | br | > {{ cite web | url = http : / / www . jurist . org / thisday / 2011 / 06 / serbia - declared - independence . php | | |||
| 819821056 | 12 | < br / > {{ flag | macedonia }} < br / > {{ flag | kosovo }} {{ ref label | ksv | a | } } | footnote _ | a | b | = {{ note | ksv }} {{ kosovo - note }} }} ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ serbo - croatian language | serbo - croatian ]] , | |||
| 819855685 | 0 | {st@rt} {{ for2 | the 1943 – 1992 federation | [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] | the 1918 – 1941 kingdom | [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] }} | {{ distinguish | serbia and montenegro {{ ! }} federal republic of yugoslavia }} | {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} {{ infobox former country | | ||||
| 819855733 | 1 | federation | [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] | the 1918 – 1941 kingdom | [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] }} {{ distinguish | serbia and montenegro {{ ! }} | federal republic of yugoslavia }} | {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} {{ infobox former country | | ||||
| 819856223 | 1 | – 1992 federation | [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] | the 1918 – 1941 kingdom | [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] }} {{ distinguish | serbia and montenegro }} | federal republic of yugoslavia }} | {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} {{ infobox former country | | ||||
| 842266865 | 1 | croatian language | serbo - croatian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] : ' ' {{ lang | sh | jugoslavija }} | ' ' , | / | југославија ; {{ ipa - sh | juɡǒslaːʋija | } } ) was a country in [[ southeast europe | southeastern ]] and [[ central europe ]] for most of the | |||
| 857344426 | 11 | . gmu . edu / 1989 / exhibits / collapse / essay the collapse of communist yugoslavia ] {{ yugoslavia topics | state = collapsed }} {{ yug - timeline }} | {{ serbia topics }} | {{ coord | 44 | 49 | 14 | n | 20 | 27 | 44 | e | type : city _ source : kolossus - hewiki | display = | ||||
| 857748479 | 6 | | currency = yugoslav dinar | footnotes = | footnotes2 = | today = }} ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( {{ lang - sh | jugoslavija }} / | {{ lang | sh - cyrl | | југославија {{ ipa - sh | juɡǒslaːʋija | } } ; {{ lang - sl | jugoslavija }} {{ ipa - sl | juɡɔˈslàːʋija | } } ; {{ lang - | ||||
| 7 | currency = yugoslav dinar | footnotes = | footnotes2 = | today = }} ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( {{ lang - sh | jugoslavija }} / југославија | }} | {{ ipa - sh | juɡǒslaːʋija | } } ; {{ lang - sl | jugoslavija }} {{ ipa - sl | juɡɔˈslàːʋija | } } ; {{ lang - mk |
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| 80576110 | 1 | party ]] ( ' ' komunistička partija ' ' ) , and were against the king , joined the [[ partisans ( yugoslavia ) | yugoslav national liberation army ]] ( | nla | nvo | ) , led by [[ josip broz tito ]] . [[ image : jasenovac6 . jpg | right | thumb | 250px | [[ jasenovac concentration camp # mass murder and |
| 2 | ]] . [[ image : jasenovac6 . jpg | right | thumb | 250px | [[ jasenovac concentration camp # mass murder and cruelty | children in jasenovac ]] ]] the | nla | nvo | initiated a [[ guerrilla warfare | guerrilla ]] campaign which was developed into the largest resistance army in occupied western and central europe . the chetniks initially made notable incursions and | |
| 3 | following chetniks ' termination of war activities against the germans , reported atrocities against non - serb population and frequent collaboration with italians and ( less frequently ) germans against the | nla | nvo | , the allies eventually switched to support the nla . however , nla carried on its guerrilla warfare . this led to great civilian loss of life in most regions of | |
| 4 | germans , reported atrocities against non - serb population and frequent collaboration with italians and ( less frequently ) germans against the nla , the allies eventually switched to support the | nla | nvo | . however , nla carried on its guerrilla warfare . this led to great civilian loss of life in most regions of yugoslavia . the [[ demography | demographic ]] loss | |
| 5 | against non - serb population and frequent collaboration with italians and ( less frequently ) germans against the nla , the allies eventually switched to support the nla . however , | nla | nvo | carried on its guerrilla warfare . this led to great civilian loss of life in most regions of yugoslavia . the [[ demography | demographic ]] loss is estimated at 1 | |
| 7 | the [[ communism | communist ]] - led [[ partisans ( yugoslavia ) | partisans ]] were ' ' de facto ' ' rulers on the liberated territories , and the | nla | nvo | organized [[ people ' s committee ]] s to act as civilian government . in autumn of 1941 , the partisans established the [[ republic of užice ]] in the liberated | |
| 80967174 | 0 | of the country , establishing a federation ( this date was celebrated as republic day after the war ) . = = = the liberation of yugoslavia = = = the | nla | nvo | was able to expel the axis from serbia in [[ 1944 ]] and the rest of yugoslavia in [[ 1945 ]] . the [[ red army ]] aided in liberating [[ |
| 1 | [[ red army ]] aided in liberating [[ belgrade ]] as well as some other territories , but withdrew after the war was over . in [[ may ]] 1945 , | nla | nvo | met with allied forces outside former yugoslav borders , after taking over also [[ trieste ]] and parts of [[ austria | austrian ]] southern provinces [[ styria ]] and [[ | |
| 82798878 | 0 | and [[ carinthia ]] . this was the territory populated predominantly by [[ slovenians | slovenes ]] ( and [[ croats ]] in [[ istria ]] ) . however , the | nla | nvo | withdrew from trieste in [[ june ]] of the same year . westerner attempts to reunite the partisans , who denied supremacy of the old government of the [[ kingdom of |
| 82813167 | 0 | and [[ carinthia ]] . this was the territory populated predominantly by [[ slovenians | slovenes ]] ( and [[ croats ]] in [[ istria ]] ) . however , the | nvo | nla | withdrew from trieste in [[ june ]] of the same year . westerner attempts to reunite the partisans , who denied supremacy of the old government of the [[ kingdom of |
| 83667331 | 4 | ' ' komunistička partija ' ' ) , and were against the king , joined the [[ partisans ( yugoslavia ) | yugoslav national liberation army ]] narodno oslobodilacka vojska ( | nvo | nov | ) , the only true resistance against the nazis in yugoslavia during the wwii led by [[ josip broz tito ]] . [[ image : jasenovac6 . jpg | right | |
| 5 | ]] . [[ image : jasenovac6 . jpg | right | thumb | 250px | [[ jasenovac concentration camp # mass murder and cruelty | children in jasenovac ]] ]] the | nvo | nov | initiated a [[ guerrilla warfare | guerrilla ]] campaign which was developed into the largest resistance army in occupied western and central europe . the chetniks initially made notable incursions and | |
| 84576496 | 0 | , they killed 50 . regarding the human cost as too high , the chetniks ' terminated war activities against the germans , and the allies eventually switched to support the | nvo | nov | . however , nvo carried on its guerrilla warfare . the [[ demography | demographic ]] loss is estimated at 1 , 027 , 000 individuals by [[ vladimir žerjavić ]] |
| 1 | . regarding the human cost as too high , the chetniks ' terminated war activities against the germans , and the allies eventually switched to support the nvo . however , | nvo | nov | carried on its guerrilla warfare . the [[ demography | demographic ]] loss is estimated at 1 , 027 , 000 individuals by [[ vladimir žerjavić ]] and [[ bogoljub kočović | |
| 2 | the [[ communism | communist ]] - led [[ partisans ( yugoslavia ) | partisans ]] were ' ' de facto ' ' rulers on the liberated territories , and the | nvo | nov | organized [[ people ' s committee ]] s to act as civilian government . in autumn of 1941 , the partisans established the [[ republic of užice ]] in the liberated | |
| 84576667 | 0 | of the country , establishing a federation ( this date was celebrated as republic day after the war ) . = = = the liberation of yugoslavia = = = the | nvo | nov | was able to expel the axis from serbia in [[ 1944 ]] and the rest of yugoslavia in [[ 1945 ]] . the [[ red army ]] aided in liberating [[ |
| 1 | [[ red army ]] aided in liberating [[ belgrade ]] as well as some other territories , but withdrew after the war was over . in [[ may ]] 1945 , | nvo | nov | met with allied forces outside former yugoslav borders , after taking over also [[ trieste ]] and parts of [[ austria | austrian ]] southern provinces [[ styria ]] and [[ |
| left_string | del_string | ins_string | right_string | ||
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| 8640530 | 0 | - war independent [[ communism | communist ]] state , starting as a [[ prime minister ]] . = = second yugoslavia = = [[ image : prfli . jpg | | frame | thumb | 200px | | marshal tito led yugoslavia from the end of world war ii until his death in 1980 . ]] on [[ january 31 ]] , [[ 1946 ]] the new [[ |
| 8780940 | 0 | new joint kingdom . = = first yugoslavia = = ' ' main article : [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' [[ image : peter i karageorgevich . jpg | | framed | thumb | 200px | | right | peter i karadjordjevi & # 263 ; , the first king of yugoslavia ]] the goals of the yugoslav committee were partly reached by the end of the |
| 43200260 | 1 | days of resistance against the invading german wehrmacht . more than three hundred thousand yugoslav officers and soldiers were taken prisoner . [[ image : jasenovac1 . jpg | thumb | | in the | [[ independent state of croatia ]] , serbs , jews and gypsies marching to the [[ jasenovac concentration camp ]] ]] the [[ axis powers ]] occupied yugoslavia and split it | |
| 43204111 | 0 | days of resistance against the invading german wehrmacht . more than three hundred thousand yugoslav officers and soldiers were taken prisoner . [[ image : jasenovac1 . jpg | thumb | | in the | [[ independent state of croatia ]] - serbs , jews and gypsies marching to the [[ jasenovac concentration camp ]] ]] the [[ axis powers ]] occupied yugoslavia and split it | |
| 63336021 | 0 | in belgrade . = = kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes = = {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia }} [[ image : banovine kj . jpg | thumb | | 200px | 300px | | right | map showing [[ kingdom _ of _ yugoslavia # internal _ divisions | banovinas ]] in [[ 1929 ]] ]] = = = opposition to the new state |
| 63521621 | 0 | * [[ croatia ]] * [[ montenegro ]] * [[ republic of macedonia ]] * [[ serbia ]] * [[ slovenia ]] [[ image : former yugoslavia 2006 . png | | 700px | 300px | | thumb | center | countries of former yugoslavia ]] the first former yugoslav republic that joined the [[ european union ]] was slovenia which applied in 1996 and became a |
| 63522014 | 0 | april 28 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , the formation of fry ( see below ) = = federal republic of yugoslavia = = [[ image : yugoslaviamap . png | | frame | thumb | 200px | | the federal republic of yugoslavia consisted of serbia and montenegro . ]] the [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( fry ) was formed on [[ april 28 ]] , |
| 193894652 | 6 | flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | sfr yugoslavia image : flag of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | bosnia and herzegovina image : flag of croatia . svg | croatia | image : flag of kosovo . svg | kosovo | image : flag of macedonia . svg | macedonia image : flag of montenegro . svg | montenegro image : flag of serbia . svg | serbia image : flag of | |
| 193899901 | 6 | flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | sfr yugoslavia image : flag of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | bosnia and herzegovina image : flag of croatia . svg | croatia | image : flag of kosovo . svg | kosovo | image : flag of macedonia . svg | macedonia image : flag of montenegro . svg | montenegro image : flag of serbia . svg | serbia image : flag of | |
| 194084019 | 3 | flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | sfr yugoslavia image : flag of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | bosnia and herzegovina image : flag of croatia . svg | croatia | image : flag of kosovo . svg | kosovo | image : flag of macedonia . svg | macedonia image : flag of montenegro . svg | montenegro image : flag of serbia . svg | serbia image : flag of | |
| 194172419 | 2 | flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | sfr yugoslavia image : flag of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | bosnia and herzegovina image : flag of croatia . svg | croatia | image : flag of kosovo . svg | kosovo | image : flag of macedonia . svg | macedonia image : flag of montenegro . svg | montenegro image : flag of serbia . svg | serbia image : flag of | |
| 194423248 | 1 | flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | sfr yugoslavia image : flag of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | bosnia and herzegovina image : flag of croatia . svg | croatia | image : flag of kosovo . svg | kosovo | image : flag of macedonia . svg | macedonia image : flag of montenegro . svg | montenegro image : flag of serbia . svg | serbia image : flag of | |
| 195272713 | 0 | flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | sfr yugoslavia image : flag of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | bosnia and herzegovina image : flag of croatia . svg | croatia | image : flag of kosovo . svg | kosovo | image : flag of macedonia . svg | macedonia image : flag of montenegro . svg | montenegro image : flag of serbia . svg | serbia image : flag of | |
| 195659567 | 0 | flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | sfr yugoslavia image : flag of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | bosnia and herzegovina image : flag of croatia . svg | croatia | image : flag of kosovo . svg | kosovo | image : flag of macedonia . svg | macedonia image : flag of montenegro . svg | montenegro image : flag of serbia . svg | serbia image : flag of | |
| 195753298 | 0 | flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | sfr yugoslavia image : flag of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | bosnia and herzegovina image : flag of croatia . svg | croatia | image : flag of kosovo . svg | kosovo | image : flag of macedonia . svg | macedonia image : flag of montenegro . svg | montenegro image : flag of serbia . svg | serbia image : flag of | |
| 198660567 | 0 | flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | sfr yugoslavia image : flag of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | bosnia and herzegovina image : flag of croatia . svg | croatia | image : flag of kosovo . svg | kosovo | image : flag of macedonia . svg | macedonia image : flag of montenegro . svg | montenegro image : flag of serbia . svg | serbia image : flag of | |
| 199793330 | 0 | . svg | macedonia image : flag of montenegro . svg | montenegro image : flag of serbia . svg | serbia image : flag of slovenia . svg | slovenia | image : flag _ of _ | select , biased or bully european countries like germany , france , britain or the u . s . do not speak for the entire planet about | kosovo . svg | kosovo ( pending full international recognition ) < / gallery > = = = remaining cultural and ethnic ties = = = the similarity of the languages |
| 199794579 | 1 | . svg | macedonia image : flag of montenegro . svg | montenegro image : flag of serbia . svg | serbia image : flag of slovenia . svg | slovenia | select , biased or bullying by european countries like germany , france , britain or the u . s . do not speak for the entire planet about | image : flag _ of _ | kosovo . no map of kosovo is legal thus far . the " territory " not province of kosovo was not legally separated from serbia . any flag , or rcognition |
| 199794926 | 6 | . svg | macedonia image : flag of montenegro . svg | montenegro image : flag of serbia . svg | serbia image : flag of slovenia . svg | slovenia | image : flag _ of _ kosovo | . svg | kosovo ( pending full international recognition ) < / gallery > = = = remaining cultural and ethnic ties = = = the similarity of the languages and | |
| 199795049 | 1 | . svg | macedonia image : flag of montenegro . svg | montenegro image : flag of serbia . svg | serbia image : flag of slovenia . svg | slovenia | international | pending full recognition is not full recognition . must i declare that i am a billionaire , when i don ' t even have a penny ? < / gallery > | |
| 199795294 | 4 | . svg | macedonia image : flag of montenegro . svg | montenegro image : flag of serbia . svg | serbia image : flag of slovenia . svg | slovenia | image : flag _ of _ kosovo | law | . svg | kosovo ( pending full international recognition ) < / gallery > = = = remaining cultural and ethnic ties = = = the similarity of the languages and |
| 199795480 | 8 | . svg | macedonia image : flag of montenegro . svg | montenegro image : flag of serbia . svg | serbia image : flag of slovenia . svg | slovenia | no kosovo until full recgnition of the world and respect of | international law . i ' m sorry , but i can make a " pending full recognition " claim of quebec canada . not legal until full recognition . < / | |
| 199795956 | 1 | . svg | macedonia image : flag of montenegro . svg | montenegro image : flag of serbia . svg | serbia image : flag of slovenia . svg | slovenia | image : flag _ of _ kosovo . svg | | kosovo ( pending full international recognition ) < / gallery > = = = remaining cultural and ethnic ties = = = the similarity of the languages and the long | |
| 199796056 | 0 | . svg | macedonia image : flag of montenegro . svg | montenegro image : flag of serbia . svg | serbia image : flag of slovenia . svg | slovenia | image : flag _ of _ kosovo . svg | | kosovo ( pending full international recognition ) play hard ball , but this flag is still illegal under interntional law . < / gallery > = = = remaining cultural | |
| 199796548 | 1 | . svg | macedonia image : flag of montenegro . svg | montenegro image : flag of serbia . svg | serbia image : flag of slovenia . svg | slovenia | image : flag _ of _ kosovo . svg | | kosovo ( pending full international recognition ) < / gallery > = = = remaining cultural and ethnic ties = = = the similarity of the languages and the long history | |
| 199796772 | 0 | . svg | macedonia image : flag of montenegro . svg | montenegro image : flag of serbia . svg | serbia image : flag of slovenia . svg | slovenia | image : flag _ of _ kosovo . svg | | kosovo ( pending full international recognition ) : flag and " nation currently illegal " , or as legal as quebec , scotland , republika srpska , skadar , epirus , | |
| 202901617 | 0 | yugoslavia image : flag of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | bosnia and herzegovina image : flag of croatia . svg | croatia image : flag of macedonia . svg | | fyr of | macedonia image : flag of montenegro . svg | montenegro image : flag of serbia . svg | serbia image : flag of slovenia . svg | slovenia image : flag | |
| 204767614 | 1 | ]] * [[ treaty of rome , 1924 ]] * assassination of [[ stjepan radić ]] {{ section - stub }} [[ image : banovine kj . jpg | thumb | | 300px | 280px | | right | map showing [[ kingdom of yugoslavia # internal divisions | banovinas ]] in 1929 ]] [[ image : yugoslavia1936physical . jpg | 300px | right | thumb | |
| 206669578 | 1 | yugoslavia image : flag of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | bosnia and herzegovina image : flag of croatia . svg | croatia image : flag of macedonia . svg | | former yugoslav | republic of macedonia image : flag of montenegro . svg | montenegro image : flag of serbia . svg | serbia image : flag of slovenia . svg | slovenia image | |
| 206671147 | 6 | yugoslavia image : flag of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | bosnia and herzegovina image : flag of croatia . svg | croatia image : flag of macedonia . svg | | former yugoslav | republic of macedonia image : flag of montenegro . svg | montenegro image : flag of serbia . svg | serbia image : flag of slovenia . svg | slovenia image | |
| 208630542 | 0 | yugoslavia image : flag of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | bosnia and herzegovina image : flag of croatia . svg | croatia image : flag of macedonia . svg | | former yugoslav | republic of macedonia image : flag of montenegro . svg | montenegro image : flag of serbia . svg | serbia image : flag of slovenia . svg | slovenia < | |
| 208650124 | 2 | yugoslavia image : flag of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | bosnia and herzegovina image : flag of croatia . svg | croatia image : flag of macedonia . svg | | former yugoslav | republic of macedonia image : flag of montenegro . svg | montenegro image : flag of serbia . svg | serbia image : flag of slovenia . svg | slovenia < | |
| 210295199 | 3 | flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | sfr yugoslavia image : flag of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | bosnia and herzegovina image : flag of croatia . svg | croatia | image : flag of kosovo . svg | kosovo | image : flag of macedonia . svg | republic of macedonia image : flag of montenegro . svg | montenegro image : flag of serbia . svg | serbia image : | |
| 4 | : flag of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | bosnia and herzegovina image : flag of croatia . svg | croatia image : flag of macedonia . svg | republic of | image : flag | of macedonia image : flag of montenegro . svg | montenegro image : flag of serbia . svg | serbia image : flag of slovenia . svg | slovenia < / | ||
| 7 | yugoslavia image : flag of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | bosnia and herzegovina image : flag of croatia . svg | croatia image : flag of macedonia . svg | | republic | of macedonia image : flag of montenegro . svg | montenegro image : flag of serbia . svg | serbia image : flag of slovenia . svg | slovenia < / | ||
| 210316137 | 1 | svg | bosnia and herzegovina image : flag of croatia . svg | croatia image : flag of kosovo . svg | kosovo image : flag of macedonia . svg | | republic | of vojvodina . svg | vojvodina < / gallery > = = = remaining cultural and ethnic ties = = = the similarity of the languages and the long history of | |
| 6 | yugoslavia . svg | sfr yugoslavia ( previously ) image : flag of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | bosnia and herzegovina image : flag of croatia . svg | croatia | image : flag of kosovo . svg | kosovo | image : flag of macedonia . svg | macedonia image : flag of montenegro . svg | montenegro image : flag of serbia . svg | serbia image : flag of | ||
| 7 | . svg | macedonia image : flag of montenegro . svg | montenegro image : flag of serbia . svg | serbia image : flag of slovenia . svg | slovenia | image : flag | of vojvodina . svg | vojvodina < / gallery > = = = remaining cultural and ethnic ties = = = the similarity of the languages and the long history of | ||
| 210766272 | 3 | flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | sfr yugoslavia image : flag of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | bosnia and herzegovina image : flag of croatia . svg | croatia | image : flag of kosovo . svg | kosovo | image : flag of macedonia . svg | republic of macedonia image : flag of montenegro . svg | montenegro image : flag of serbia . svg | serbia image : | |
| 4 | : flag of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | bosnia and herzegovina image : flag of croatia . svg | croatia image : flag of macedonia . svg | republic of | image : flag | of macedonia image : flag of montenegro . svg | montenegro image : flag of serbia . svg | serbia image : flag of slovenia . svg | slovenia < / | ||
| 7 | yugoslavia image : flag of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | bosnia and herzegovina image : flag of croatia . svg | croatia image : flag of macedonia . svg | | republic | of macedonia image : flag of montenegro . svg | montenegro image : flag of serbia . svg | serbia image : flag of slovenia . svg | slovenia < / | ||
| 210766951 | 2 | yugoslavia image : flag of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | bosnia and herzegovina image : flag of croatia . svg | croatia image : flag of kosovo . svg | | republic of | kosovo image : flag of macedonia . svg | macedonia image : flag of montenegro . svg | montenegro image : flag of serbia . svg | serbia image : flag | |
| 210773864 | 4 | bosnia and herzegovina image : flag of croatia . svg | croatia image : flag of kosovo . svg | republic of kosovo image : flag of macedonia . svg | | republic | of vojvodina . svg | autonomous province of vojvodina < / gallery > = = = remaining cultural and ethnic ties = = = the similarity of the languages and the | |
| 11 | " flags of the currently recognized countries " > image : flag of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | bosnia and herzegovina image : flag of croatia . svg | croatia | image : flag of kosovo . svg | republic of kosovo | image : flag of macedonia . svg | macedonia image : flag of montenegro . svg | montenegro image : flag of serbia . svg | serbia image : flag of | ||
| 12 | . svg | macedonia image : flag of montenegro . svg | montenegro image : flag of serbia . svg | serbia image : flag of slovenia . svg | slovenia | image : flag | of vojvodina . svg | autonomous province of vojvodina < / gallery > = = = remaining cultural and ethnic ties = = = the similarity of the languages and the | ||
| 229663329 | 1 | flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | sfr yugoslavia image : flag of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | bosnia and herzegovina image : flag of croatia . svg | croatia | image : flag of kosovo . svg | kosovo | image : flag of macedonia . svg | republic of macedonia image : flag of montenegro . svg | montenegro image : flag of serbia . svg | serbia image : | |
| 229719056 | 1 | flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | sfr yugoslavia image : flag of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | bosnia and herzegovina image : flag of croatia . svg | croatia | image : flag of kosovo . svg | kosovo | image : flag of macedonia . svg | republic of macedonia image : flag of montenegro . svg | montenegro image : flag of serbia . svg | serbia image : | |
| 229854164 | 0 | flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | sfr yugoslavia image : flag of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | bosnia and herzegovina image : flag of croatia . svg | croatia | image : flag of kosovo . svg | kosovo | image : flag of macedonia . svg | republic of macedonia image : flag of montenegro . svg | montenegro image : flag of serbia . svg | serbia image : | |
| 231810308 | 3 | of [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] . = = kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes = = [[ image : jugo - slavia , 1919 . png | thumb | | 230px | 250px | | right | map of yugoslavia in 1919 showing the provisional borders in the [[ aftermath of world war i ]] before the treaties of [[ treaty of neuilly - sur |
| 4 | rome , 1924 ]] * assassination of [[ stjepan radić ]] {{ expand - section | date = june 2008 }} [[ image : banovine kj . jpg | thumb | | 280px | 250px | | right | map showing [[ kingdom of yugoslavia # internal divisions | banovinas ]] in 1929 ]] = = = king alexander ' s period = = = king [[ | |
| 8 | a [[ prime minister ]] . = = the second yugoslavia = = {{ main | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ image : sfryugoslavianumbered . png | thumb | | 200px | 250px | | right | numbered map of yugoslav republics and provinces . ]] on [[ january 31 ]] , [[ 1946 ]] , the new [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic | |
| 19 | for others to exert pressure on the 2 million serbs ( 20 % of total serbian population ) living outside serbia . [[ image : milosevic - 1 . jpg | | 250px | right | | thumb | [[ slobodan milošević ]] ]] serbian [[ communist ]] leader [[ slobodan milošević ]] sought to restore pre - 1974 serbian sovereignty . other republics , especially slovenia and | ||
| 22 | with resources and even manpower in their confrontation with the new croatian army and their police force . [[ image : former _ yugoslavia _ wartime _ 1 . png | | 250px | the war broke out when the new regimes tried to replace yugoslav civilian and military forces by the secessionist forces . when in august 1990 croatia attempted to replace police in | ||
| 23 | _ wartime _ 1 . png | 300px | thumb | right | war in former yugoslavia , fronts in 1993 ]] [[ image : former yugoslavia 2008 . png | | 250px | | thumb | right | war in former yugoslavia , fronts in 1993 ]] [[ image : former yugoslavia 2008 . png | 300px | thumb | right | countries of | ||
| 25 | 2008 ]] , when [[ kosovo ]] unilaterally declared independence from [[ serbia ]] = = federal republic of yugoslavia = = [[ image : yugoslaviamap . png | thumb | | 200px | 250px | | the federal republic of yugoslavia consisted of serbia and montenegro ]] the [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( fry ) was formed on [[ april 28 ]] , [[ | |
| 34 | with resources and even manpower in their confrontation with the new croatian army and their police force . [[ image : former _ yugoslavia _ wartime _ 1 . png | | 300px | | thumb | right | war in former yugoslavia , fronts in 1993 ]] [[ image : former yugoslavia 2008 . png | 300px | thumb | right | countries of | ||
| 35 | _ wartime _ 1 . png | 300px | thumb | right | war in former yugoslavia , fronts in 1993 ]] [[ image : former yugoslavia 2008 . png | | 300px | | thumb | right | countries of former yugoslavia ]] in september 1991 , the [[ republic of macedonia ]] also declared independence , becoming the only former republic to gain | ||
| 231810520 | 2 | flags of sfr yugoslavia and new recognized states " > image : flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | sfr yugoslavia image : flag of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | | [[ | bosnia and herzegovina image : flag of croatia . svg | croatia image : flag of macedonia . svg | republic of macedonia image : flag of montenegro . svg | | |
| 4 | : flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | sfr yugoslavia image : flag of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | bosnia and herzegovina image : flag of croatia . svg | | [[ | croatia image : flag of macedonia . svg | republic of macedonia image : flag of montenegro . svg | montenegro image : flag of serbia . svg | serbia image | ||
| 5 | flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | sfr yugoslavia image : flag of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | bosnia and herzegovina image : flag of croatia . svg | croatia | ]] | image : flag of macedonia . svg | republic of macedonia image : flag of montenegro . svg | montenegro image : flag of serbia . svg | serbia image : | ||
| 6 | yugoslavia image : flag of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | bosnia and herzegovina image : flag of croatia . svg | croatia image : flag of macedonia . svg | | [[ | republic of macedonia image : flag of montenegro . svg | montenegro image : flag of serbia . svg | serbia image : flag of slovenia . svg | slovenia < | ||
| 8 | bosnia and herzegovina image : flag of croatia . svg | croatia image : flag of macedonia . svg | republic of macedonia image : flag of montenegro . svg | | [[ | montenegro image : flag of serbia . svg | serbia image : flag of slovenia . svg | slovenia < / gallery > = = = remaining cultural and ethnic ties | ||
| 9 | and herzegovina image : flag of croatia . svg | croatia image : flag of macedonia . svg | republic of macedonia image : flag of montenegro . svg | montenegro | ]] | image : flag of serbia . svg | serbia image : flag of slovenia . svg | slovenia < / gallery > = = = remaining cultural and ethnic ties = | ||
| 10 | svg | croatia image : flag of macedonia . svg | republic of macedonia image : flag of montenegro . svg | montenegro image : flag of serbia . svg | | [[ | serbia image : flag of slovenia . svg | slovenia < / gallery > = = = remaining cultural and ethnic ties = = = the similarity of the languages and | ||
| 11 | | croatia image : flag of macedonia . svg | republic of macedonia image : flag of montenegro . svg | montenegro image : flag of serbia . svg | serbia | ]] | image : flag of slovenia . svg | slovenia < / gallery > = = = remaining cultural and ethnic ties = = = the similarity of the languages and the | ||
| 232164911 | 0 | yugoslavia | communist party ]] became increasingly paralyzed and thrown into crisis . = = = breakup = = = [[ image : breakup of yugoslavia . gif | thumb | | right | left | | 250px | breakup of [[ sfr yugoslavia ]] . ]] {{ pov | date = december 2007 }} {{ refimprove | date = july 2006 }} {{ main | dissolution |
| 3 | for others to exert pressure on the 2 million serbs ( 20 % of total serbian population ) living outside serbia . [[ image : milosevic - 1 . jpg | | 250px | | right | thumb | [[ slobodan milošević ]] . ]] serbian [[ communist ]] leader [[ slobodan milošević ]] sought to restore pre - 1974 serbian sovereignty . other republics | ||
| 237570587 | 2 | independent country is [[ 2008 _ kosovo _ declaration _ of _ independence # international _ reaction | in dispute ]] ) image : flag of macedonia . svg | [[ | former yugoslav | republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] image : flag of montenegro . svg | [[ montenegro ]] image : flag of serbia . svg | [[ serbia ]] image : flag | |
| 244370322 | 3 | bosnia and herzegovina . svg | [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] image : flag of croatia . svg | [[ croatia ]] image : flag of macedonia . svg | [[ | former yugoslav | republic of macedonia | fyr macedonia ]] image : flag of montenegro . svg | [[ montenegro ]] image : flag of serbia . svg | [[ serbia ]] image : | |
| 246067808 | 0 | to fascism , freedom to the people ! " ( the partisan slogan ) seconds before plunging to his death . ]] [[ image : dfy coat of arms . gif | | 250px | thumb | right | | the coat of arms of the [[ democratic federal yugoslavia ]] . ]] {{ seealso | participants in world war ii # yugoslavia }} = = = invasion of yugoslavia | |
| 246067912 | 0 | and the crown province of [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] . = = kingdom of yugoslavia = = [[ image : jugo - slavia , 1919 . png | thumb | | 250px | 200px | | right | map of yugoslavia in 1919 showing the provisional borders in the [[ aftermath of world war i ]] before the treaties of [[ treaty of neuilly - sur |
| 1 | seine | neuilly ]] , [[ treaty of trianon | trianon ]] and [[ treaty of rapallo | rapallo ]] ]] [[ image : banovine kj . jpg | thumb | | 250px | 200px | | right | map showing [[ kingdom of yugoslavia # internal divisions | banovinas ]] in 1929 ]] {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia }} = = = 1918 - 1928 | |
| 3 | fascism , freedom to the people ! " ( the partisan slogan ) seconds before plunging to his death . ]] [[ image : dfy coat of arms . gif | | 250px | 200px | | thumb | right | the coat of arms of the [[ democratic federal yugoslavia ]] . ]] {{ seealso | participants in world war ii # yugoslavia }} = = | |
| 4 | as a [[ prime minister ]] . = = sfr yugoslavia = = {{ main | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ image : sfryugoslavianumbered . png | thumb | | 250px | 200px | | right | numbered map of yugoslav republics and provinces . ]] on january 31 , 1946 , the new [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution | |
| 247935764 | 3 | part , and the crown province of [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] . = = kingdom of yugoslavia = = [[ image : jugo - slavia , 1919 . png | | thumb | 200px | right | map of yugoslavia in 1919 showing the provisional borders in the | < center > | [[ aftermath of world war i ]] before the treaties of [[ treaty of neuilly - sur - seine | neuilly ]] , [[ treaty of trianon | trianon ]] and |
| 13 | neuilly ]] , [[ treaty of trianon | trianon ]] and [[ treaty of rapallo , 1920 | rapallo ]] ]] [[ image : banovine kj . jpg | thumb | | 250px | [[ kingdom of yugoslavia # internal divisions | banovinas ]] in 1929 ]] {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia }} = = = 1918 - 1928 = = = * [[ | ||
| 17 | as a [[ prime minister ]] . = = sfr yugoslavia = = {{ main | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ image : sfryugoslavianumbered . png | thumb | | 250px | provinces . ]] on january 31 , 1946 , the new [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution ]] of [[ federal people ' s republic of | ||
| 19 | of yugoslavia according to the 1981 census was 22 . 4 million . [[ changes in yugoslavian religious demographics ]] = = = the government = = = [[ image : | marsal tito . jpg | thumb | 200px | right | marshal [[ josip broz tito ]] . ]] [[ image : | . ]] on 7 april 1963 the nation changed its official name to [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] and [[ josip broz tito | tito ]] was named [[ | ||
| 21 | date = december 2007 }} {{ refimprove | date = july 2006 }} {{ main | dissolution of yugoslavia }} [[ image : breakup of yugoslavia . gif | thumb | | right | | breakup of [[ sfr yugoslavia ]] . ]] [[ image : milosevic - 1 . jpg | 200px | right | thumb | [[ slobodan milošević ]] . ]] [[ | ||
| 28 | the european union ]] ' ' . < gallery caption = " flags of sfr yugoslavia and new recognized states " > image : flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | | < center > | ]] image : flag of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] image : flag of croatia . svg | [[ croatia ]] image : flag of | ||
| 29 | european union ]] ' ' . < gallery caption = " flags of sfr yugoslavia and new recognized states " > image : flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | [[ | serbia | image : flag of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] image : flag of croatia . svg | [[ croatia ]] image : flag of macedonia | ||
| 31 | sfr yugoslavia and new recognized states " > image : flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | [[ sfr yugoslavia ]] image : flag of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | | < center > | image : flag of croatia . svg | [[ croatia ]] image : flag of macedonia . svg | [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] image : flag of montenegro | ||
| 33 | : flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | [[ sfr yugoslavia ]] image : flag of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] image : flag of | slovenia | [[ croatia ]] image : flag of macedonia . svg | [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] image : flag of montenegro . svg | [[ montenegro ]] image : | ||
| 34 | yugoslavia . svg | [[ sfr yugoslavia ]] image : flag of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] image : flag of croatia . svg | | < center > | ]] image : flag of macedonia . svg | [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] image : flag of montenegro . svg | [[ montenegro ]] image : flag of | ||
| 35 | . svg | [[ sfr yugoslavia ]] image : flag of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] image : flag of croatia . svg | [[ | slovenia | image : flag of macedonia . svg | [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] image : flag of montenegro . svg | [[ montenegro ]] image : flag of serbia | ||
| 37 | of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] image : flag of croatia . svg | [[ croatia ]] image : flag of macedonia . svg | | < center > | image : flag of montenegro . svg | [[ montenegro ]] image : flag of serbia . svg | [[ serbia ]] image : flag of slovenia . svg | [[ | ||
| 43 | neuilly ]] , [[ treaty of trianon | trianon ]] and [[ treaty of rapallo , 1920 | rapallo ]] ]] [[ image : banovine kj . jpg | thumb | | 200px | | right | map showing [[ kingdom of yugoslavia # internal divisions | banovinas ]] in 1929 ]] {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia }} = = = 1918 - 1928 | ||
| 47 | as a [[ prime minister ]] . = = sfr yugoslavia = = {{ main | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ image : sfryugoslavianumbered . png | thumb | | 200px | | right | numbered map of yugoslav republics and provinces . ]] on january 31 , 1946 , the new [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution | ||
| 50 | date = december 2007 }} {{ refimprove | date = july 2006 }} {{ main | dissolution of yugoslavia }} [[ image : breakup of yugoslavia . gif | thumb | | left | | 200px | breakup of [[ sfr yugoslavia ]] . ]] [[ image : milosevic - 1 . jpg | 200px | right | thumb | [[ slobodan milošević ]] . | ||
| 55 | also : [[ enlargement of the european union ]] ' ' . < gallery caption = " flags of sfr yugoslavia and new recognized states " > image : flag of | sfr yugoslavia | . svg | [[ sfr yugoslavia ]] image : flag of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] image : flag of croatia . svg | [[ | ||
| 56 | european union ]] ' ' . < gallery caption = " flags of sfr yugoslavia and new recognized states " > image : flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | [[ | sfr yugoslavia | ]] image : flag of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] image : flag of croatia . svg | [[ croatia ]] image : flag of | ||
| 57 | : flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | [[ sfr yugoslavia ]] image : flag of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] image : flag of | croatia | . svg | [[ croatia ]] image : flag of macedonia . svg | [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] image : flag of montenegro . svg | [[ montenegro | ||
| 58 | . svg | [[ sfr yugoslavia ]] image : flag of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] image : flag of croatia . svg | [[ | croatia | ]] image : flag of macedonia . svg | [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] image : flag of montenegro . svg | [[ montenegro ]] image : flag of | ||
| 255035549 | 0 | [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] < / center > image : flag of croatia . svg | < center > [[ croatia ]] < / center > image : flag of | a country that should not be a country | kosovo . svg | < center > ' ' [[ kosovo ]] ' ' < br > ( status as an independent country is [[ 2008 _ kosovo _ declaration _ | |
| 255048675 | 0 | [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] < / center > image : flag of croatia . svg | < center > [[ croatia ]] < / center > image : flag of | a country that should not be a country | kosovo . svg | < center > ' ' [[ kosovo ]] ' ' < br > ( status as an independent country is [[ 2008 _ kosovo _ declaration _ | |
| 256388014 | 0 | image : breakup of yugoslavia . gif | thumb | right | 250px | breakup of [[ sfr yugoslavia ]] . ]] [[ image : milosevic - 1 . jpg | | 200px | thumb | 150px | | right | thumb | [[ slobodan milošević ]] . ]] [[ image : franjotudman . jpg | 200px | right | thumb | [[ franjo tuđman ]] . ]] [[ |
| 3 | ]] . ]] [[ image : milosevic - 1 . jpg | 200px | right | thumb | [[ slobodan milošević ]] . ]] [[ image : franjotudman . jpg | | 200px | thumb | 150px | | right | thumb | [[ franjo tuđman ]] . ]] [[ image : alijaizetbegovic1 . jpg | 200px | right | thumb | [[ alija izetbegović ]] . ]] {{ | |
| 6 | slobodan milošević ]] . ]] [[ image : franjotudman . jpg | 200px | right | thumb | [[ franjo tuđman ]] . ]] [[ image : alijaizetbegovic1 . jpg | | 200px | thumb | 150px | | right | thumb | [[ alija izetbegović ]] . ]] {{ main | dissolution of yugoslavia }} after tito ' s death on 4 may 1980 , [[ ethnic group | |
| 257769716 | 10 | " perrow = 6 > image : flag of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | < center > [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] < / center > image : flag of | arms modified . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | [[ | of croatia . svg | < center > [[ croatia ]] < / center > image : flag of macedonia . svg | < center > [[ republic of macedonia | | |
| 17 | bosnia and herzegovina ]] < / center > image : flag of croatia . svg | < center > [[ croatia ]] < / center > image : flag of macedonia | ]] | of macedonia . svg | < center > [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] < / center > image : flag of montenegro . svg | < center > [[ | ||
| 23 | < / center > image : flag of macedonia . svg | < center > [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] < / center > image : flag of montenegro | ]] | montenegro . svg | < center > [[ montenegro ]] < / center > image : flag of serbia . svg | < center > [[ serbia ]] < / center | ||
| 29 | of macedonia | macedonia ]] < / center > image : flag of montenegro . svg | < center > [[ montenegro ]] < / center > image : flag of | arms of montenegro . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | [[ | of serbia . svg | < center > [[ serbia ]] < / center > image : flag of slovenia . svg | < center > [[ slovenia ]] < / | ||
| 36 | center > [[ montenegro ]] < / center > image : flag of serbia . svg | < center > [[ serbia ]] < / center > image : flag of | arms of serbia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | [[ | of slovenia . svg | < center > [[ slovenia ]] < / center > < / gallery > < / center > = = = remaining cultural and ethnic ties | ||
| 54 | ]] < / center > image : flag of croatia . svg | < center > [[ croatia ]] < / center > image : flag of macedonia . svg | | < center > | [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] < / center > image : flag of montenegro . svg | < center > [[ montenegro ]] < / center > image : | ||
| 262054633 | 16 | [[ socialist republic of macedonia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ skopje ]] | < center > [[ image : flag of | the | sr macedonia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ image : coat of arms of the republic of macedonia . svg | | |
| 266322892 | 1 | skopje ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of macedonia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat | - | of arms of the republic of macedonia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | [[ montenegro ]] | style = " font - size : 90 | |
| 2 | ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of macedonia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of | - | arms of the republic of macedonia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | [[ montenegro ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % | ||
| 3 | | < center > [[ file : flag of macedonia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms | of the republic of macedonia | . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | [[ montenegro ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ podgorica ]] | ||
| 266323076 | 1 | | < center > [[ file : flag of the sr macedonia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat | - | of arms of the republic of macedonia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | 4 . [[ socialist republic of montenegro ]] | style = " | |
| 2 | < center > [[ file : flag of the sr macedonia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of | - | arms of the republic of macedonia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | 4 . [[ socialist republic of montenegro ]] | style = " font | ||
| 3 | center > [[ file : flag of the sr macedonia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms | of the republic of macedonia | . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | 4 . [[ socialist republic of montenegro ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; | ||
| 347164096 | 0 | breakup of yugoslavia . gif | thumb | right | 250px | breakup of [[ sfr yugoslavia ]] . ]] [[ file : milosevic - 1 . jpg | thumb | | 150px | 140px | | right | serbian president [[ slobodan milošević ]] ' s unequivocal support for the unity of serbs and opposition to the autonomy of kosovo , inflamed ethnic tensions . ]] |
| 6 | ' s unequivocal support for the unity of serbs and opposition to the autonomy of kosovo , inflamed ethnic tensions . ]] [[ file : franjotudman . jpg | thumb | | 150px | 140px | | right | croatian president [[ franjo tuđman ]] refused to partition croatia on ethnic lines , which angered serb nationalists who wished to remain in union with serbia . this | |
| 16 | an ethnic cleansing of serbs from a part of croatia . {{ pov - statement | date = april 2009 }} ]] [[ file : alijaizetbegovic1 . jpg | thumb | | 150px | 140px | | right | bosnian president [[ alija izetbegović ]] pushed for independence of bosnia , claiming that he would not allow bosnia to become part of a [[ greater serbia ]] | |
| 347164615 | 0 | breakup of yugoslavia . gif | thumb | right | 250px | breakup of [[ sfr yugoslavia ]] . ]] [[ file : milosevic - 1 . jpg | thumb | | 140px | 150px | | right | serbian president [[ slobodan milošević ]] ' s unequivocal desire to uphold the unity of serbs , a status threatned by each republic breaking away from the federation |
| 1 | to his opposition to the the albanian authorities in kosovo , further inflamed ethnic tensions . ]] {{ fixbunching | mid }} [[ file : franjotudman . jpg | thumb | | 140px | 150px | | right | croatian president [[ franjo tuđman ]] refused to partition croatia on ethnic lines , which angered the serb population of croatia who had wished to remain in union | |
| 2 | outbreak of violence and war between croats and serbs ahead of croatia ' s independence . ]] {{ fixbunching | mid }} [[ file : alijaizetbegovic1 . jpg | thumb | | 140px | 150px | | right | bosnian president [[ alija izetbegović ]] pushed for independence of bosnia , claiming that he would not allow bosnia and herzegovina to become part of what he called | |
| 347166295 | 0 | outbreak of violence and war between croats and serbs ahead of croatia ' s independence . ]] {{ fixbunching | mid }} [[ file : alijaizetbegovic1 . jpg | thumb | | 150px | 140px | | right | bosnian president [[ alija izetbegović ]] pushed for independence of bosnia , claiming that he would not allow bosnia and herzegovina to become part of what he called |
| 375032646 | 1 | | - | [[ montenegro ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ podgorica ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of | serbia and | montenegro . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of montenegro . svg | 40px ]] < / | |
| 2 | < center > [[ file : flag of montenegro . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of | serbia and | montenegro . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | [[ serbia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ belgrade | ||
| 383421016 | 4 | | [[ serbia and montenegro ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ belgrade ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of | serbia and | montenegro . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of serbia and montenegro . svg | 40px ]] | |
| 5 | > [[ file : flag of serbia and montenegro . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of | serbia and | montenegro . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | [[ slovenia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ ljubljana | ||
| 400599300 | 4 | of yugoslavia " . = = kingdom of yugoslavia = = < gallery align = right perrow = 6 > file : flag of the kingdom of yugoslavia . svg | | [[ | file : flag of the kingdom of yugoslavia . svg | < center > [[ flag of the kingdom of yugoslavia | flag ]] < / center > file : coat | |
| 5 | svg | < center > [[ coat of arms of the kingdom of yugoslavia | coat of arms ]] < / center > < / gallery > [[ file : banovine | thumb | right | | flag of the kingdom of yugoslavia | flag ]] < / center > file : coat of arms of the kingdom of yugoslavia . svg | < center > [[ coat | ||
| 13 | of dead was about 1 million . = = sfr yugoslavia = = < gallery align = right perrow = 6 > file : flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | | < center > [[ | [[ file : flag of | flag of socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | flag ]] < / center > file : coat of arms of sfr yugoslavia . svg | < center > [[ coat of | |
| 21 | the serbs ' desire for their territory to remain in yugoslavia , and one which would disenfranchise non - bosniaks . ]] [[ file : former yugoslavia 2008 . png | | 250px | 300px | | thumb | right | state entities on the former territory of yugoslavia , 2008 . ]] {{ main | breakup of yugoslavia }} after tito ' s death on 4 | |
| 28 | of yugoslavia " . = = kingdom of yugoslavia = = < gallery align = right perrow = 6 > file : flag of the kingdom of yugoslavia . svg | | < center > [[ | flag of the kingdom of yugoslavia | flag ]] < / center > file : coat of arms of the kingdom of yugoslavia . svg | < center > [[ coat | ||
| 436091877 | 8 | the actual number of dead was about 1 million . = = socialist yugoslavia = = {{ main | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ file : flag of sfr | = = | yugoslavia . svg | thumb | right | flag of socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] [[ file : sfryugoslavianumbered . png | thumb | 250px | right | republics and | |
| 467907565 | 20 | > [[ file : flag of serbia and montenegro . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of | serbia and | montenegro . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | [[ slovenia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ ljubljana | |
| 467914600 | 2 | < center > [[ file : flag of montenegro . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of | and | montenegro . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of montenegro . svg | 40px ]] < / | |
| 468701811 | 20 | ( country ) | macedonia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ skopje ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of | the republic of | macedonia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of the republic of macedonia . svg | 40px | |
| 469728921 | 11 | | [[ serbia and montenegro ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ belgrade ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of | serbia and | montenegro . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of serbia and montenegro . svg | 40px ]] | |
| 12 | > [[ file : flag of serbia and montenegro . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of | serbia and | montenegro . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | [[ slovenia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ ljubljana | ||
| 492545273 | 6 | socialist republic of macedonia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ skopje ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of the | | style = " width : 6em ; " | < center > [[ file : flag of the | sr macedonia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : sfry macedonia | |
| 495585894 | 17 | that the actual number of dead was about 1 million . = = second yugoslavia = = {{ main | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ file : flag of | sfr | yugoslavia . svg | thumb | right | flag of socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] [[ file : sfryugoslavianumbered . png | thumb | 250px | right | republics and | |
| 495666744 | 32 | that the actual number of dead was about 1 million . = = sfr yugoslavia = = {{ main | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ file : flag of | sfr | yugoslavia . svg | thumb | right | flag of socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] [[ file : sfryugoslavianumbered . png | thumb | 250px | right | republics and | |
| 495668696 | 19 | that the actual number of dead was about 1 million . = = second yugoslavia = = {{ main | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ file : flag of | sfr | yugoslavia . svg | thumb | right | flag of socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] [[ file : sfryugoslavianumbered . png | thumb | 250px | right | republics and | |
| 496003280 | 13 | ; font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ podgorica ]] | style = " width : 6em ; " | < center > [[ file : flag of | serbia and | montenegro . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : coat of arms | |
| 14 | . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of | serbia and | montenegro . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | [[ serbia ]] : {{ smaller | [[ kosovo ]] }} ( disputed ) < ref > {{ | ||
| 496003893 | 1 | signed by leaders of fr yugoslavia , bosnia and herzegovina and croatia = = new states = = [[ file : map of war in yugoslavia , 1992 . png | | 300px | thumb | right | | caption1 = | yugoslavia at the time of its dissolution , early 1992 ]] yugoslav successor states : { | class = " wikitable " ! < center > ' ' ' [[ list |
| 496174460 | 1 | " ( slavs ) . = = kingdom of yugoslavia = = {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia }} [[ file : flag of the kingdom of yugoslavia . svg | | thumb | caption1 = yugoslavia at the time of its dissolution , early 1992 | | right | flag of the kingdom of yugoslavia ]] [[ file : banovine jugoslavia . png | thumb | 250px | right | [[ kingdom of yugoslavia # internal divisions |
| 2 | slavs ) . = = kingdom of yugoslavia = = {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia }} [[ file : flag of the kingdom of yugoslavia . svg | thumb | | right | image2 = banovine jugoslavia . png | | flag of the kingdom of yugoslavia ]] [[ file : banovine jugoslavia . png | thumb | 250px | right | [[ kingdom of yugoslavia # internal divisions | banovinas | |
| 9 | dead was about 1 million . = = sfr yugoslavia = = {{ main | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ file : flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | | thumb | right | | caption1 = | flag of socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] [[ file : sfryugoslavianumbered . png | thumb | 250px | right | republics and provinces of yugoslavia ]] on 29 november 1945 | |
| 13 | yugoslavia }} [[ file : flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | thumb | right | flag of socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] [[ file : sfryugoslavianumbered . png | | thumb | 250px | right | | caption2 = | republics and provinces of yugoslavia ]] on 29 november 1945 , while still in exile , [[ king of yugoslavia | king ]] [[ peter ii of yugoslavia | peter ii | |
| 499509992 | 6 | > [[ file : flag of serbia and montenegro . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of | serbia and | montenegro . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | [[ slovenia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ ljubljana | |
| 500174054 | 2 | < center > [[ file : flag of montenegro . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of | serbia and | montenegro . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | [[ serbia ]] < nowiki > * < / nowiki > | style = " font - size | |
| 542254308 | 3 | [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ belgrade ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of | serbia and | montenegro . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of serbia and montenegro . svg | 40px ]] | |
| 4 | > [[ file : flag of serbia and montenegro . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of | serbia and | montenegro . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | [[ slovenia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ ljubljana | ||
| 542265770 | 0 | war in yugoslavia , 1992 . png | caption1 = yugoslavia at the time of its dissolution , early 1992 | image2 = former yugoslavia 2008 . png | caption2 = | current | the | state of affairs on the territory of the former yugoslavia , as of 2008 }} the successor states to the former yugoslavia are the following : { | class = " |
| 547327217 | 1 | of yugoslavia }} {{ multiple image | align = right | direction = vertical | width = 210 | header = | image1 = flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | | caption1 = | thumb | 250px | | flag of [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | sfr yugoslavia ]] | image2 = yugoslavia . svg | caption2 = republics and autonomous provinces of sfr yugoslavia }} on 29 |
| 12 | border ]] < / center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of macedonia . svg | 40px | background | . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : sfry macedonia . png | 60px | ||
| 43 | . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of | macedonia | . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : sfry macedonia . png | 60px | ||
| 656901506 | 32 | sortable wikitable " ! [[ list of countries | name ]] ! ! [[ capital city | capital ]] ! ! [[ flag ]] ! ! [[ coat of arms ]] | ! | ! declared date of independence ! ! official state - recognised date of independence ! ! public holiday used to celebrate independence | - | [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] | | |
| 768996113 | 2 | | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} [[ file : yugoslavia location map . svg | | thumb | president ]] | | right | 300px | general location of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( {{ lang - sh | jugoslavija }} / југославија , {{ lang - |
| 3 | = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} [[ file : yugoslavia location map . svg | thumb | | right | leader1 = [[ ivan ribar ]] {{ small | | 300px | general location of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( {{ lang - sh | jugoslavija }} / југославија , {{ lang - sl | | |
| 18 | }} {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} [[ file : yugoslavia | location map . svg | | thumb | right | 300px | general location of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( {{ lang - sh | jugoslavija }} / југославија , {{ | ||
| 785635499 | 3 | about 1 million . = = sfr yugoslavia = = {{ main article | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ file : flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | thumb | | 250px | | flag of the [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ]] on 11 november 1945 [[ yugoslavian parliamentary election , 1945 | elections ]] were held with only the communist | |
| 817382760 | 1 | semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} [[ file : yugoslavia location map . svg | | p2 = kingdom of serbia | flag _ p2 = state flag of serbia ( 1882 - 1918 ) . svg | s1 = croatia | flag _ s1 = flag of croatia . svg | s2 = slovenia | flag _ s2 = flag of slovenia . svg | s3 = republic of macedonia {{ ! }} macedonia | flag _ s3 = flag of the republic of macedonia 1991 - 1995 . svg | s4 = republic of bosnia and herzegovina {{ ! }} bosnia and herzegovina | flag _ s4 = flag of bosnia and herzegovina ( 1992 - 1998 ) . svg | | thumb | right | 300px | general location of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ serbo - croatian language | serbo - croatian ]] , | |
| 2 | | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} [[ file : yugoslavia location map . svg | | thumb | s5 = serbia and montenegro {{ ! }} federal republic of yugoslavia | | right | 300px | general location of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ serbo - croatian language | serbo - croatian ]] , [[ slovene | |
| 3 | = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} [[ file : yugoslavia location map . svg | thumb | | right | flag _ s5 = flag of fr yugoslavia . svg | | image _ flag = flag of the kingdom of yugoslavia . svg | flag = flag of yugoslavia | flag _ type = flag ( 1918 ) | flag _ border = | image _ coat = | symbol = | symbol _ type = | image _ map = yugoslavia location map . svg | | 300px | general location of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ serbo - croatian language | serbo - croatian ]] , [[ slovene language | | |
| 818641417 | 1 | {{ ! }} fr yugoslavia | flag _ s5 = flag of fr yugoslavia . svg | | image _ flag = flag of the kingdom of yugoslavia . svg | | flag _ type = flag ( 1918 - 1941 ) | image _ flag2 = | 120px ]] < br > < br > [[ file : | flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | flag2 _ type = flag ( 1946 - 1992 ) | flag _ border = | image _ coat = | symbol = | |
| 3 | image _ flag2 = flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | flag2 _ type = flag ( 1946 - 1992 ) | flag _ border = | image _ coat = | [[ file : coat of arms of the kingdom of yugoslavia . svg | 70px ]] [[ file : grb jugoslavije . svg | 70px ]] | | symbol = | symbol _ type = | image _ map = yugoslavia location map . svg | image _ map _ caption = | latd = | latm = | ||
| 819803699 | 1 | of macedonia | macedonia ]] | [[ skopje ]] | [[ file : flag of macedonia . svg | 70px | border ]] | [[ file : coat of arms of | the republic of | macedonia . svg | 40px ]] | {{ dts | 8 september 1991 }} | {{ dts | 08 04 1993 }} | - | [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] | | |
| 824490818 | 5 | symbol _ type = emblem ( 1963 – 1992 ) | symbol _ type _ article = emblem of yugoslavia | image _ map = yugoslavia location map . svg | | 300px | general location of yugoslavia ]] | ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ serbo - croatian language | serbo - croatian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian | |
| 827934807 | 1 | | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} [[ file : yugoslavia location map . svg | | thumb | s5 = serbia and montenegro {{ ! }} fr yugoslavia | | right | 300px | general location of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ serbo - croatian language | serbo - croatian ]] , [[ slovene |
| 2 | = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} [[ file : yugoslavia location map . svg | thumb | | right | flag _ s5 = flag of fr yugoslavia . svg | | image _ flag = [[ file : flag of the kingdom of yugoslavia . svg | 120px ]] < br > < br > [[ file : flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | 120px ]] | flag _ type = flag | flag _ border = | image _ coat = [[ file : coat of arms of the kingdom of yugoslavia . svg | 70px ]] [[ file : grb jugoslavije . svg | 70px ]] | symbol = | symbol _ type = | image _ map = yugoslavia location map . svg | | 300px | general location of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ serbo - croatian language | serbo - croatian ]] , [[ slovene language | | |
| 837392651 | 1 | name = " atheism . about . com " / > = = = government = = = [[ file : josip broz tito bihać 1942 . jpg | thumb | | 150px | upright = 0 . 7 | | right | marshal [[ josip broz tito ]] ]] on 7 april 1963 , the nation changed its official name to [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] and josip |
| 858648603 | 1 | [[ socialist republic of slovenia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ ljubljana ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of | sr | slovenia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of the socialist republic of slovenia . svg | |
| left_string | del_string | ins_string | right_string | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 28292 | 1 | kosovo ]] still uncertain . because there were large ethnic minorities within the various countries ( serbian regions in croatia and bosnia , croatian in bosnia , albanian in serbia and | macedonia | f . y . r . o . m . | , hungarian in serbia ) , this led to some often bloody civil wars ( [[ croatia ]] , [[ bosnia and herzegovina | bosnia ]] , [[ kosovo war ]] |
| 904665 | 2 | between the various peoples grew , and since [[ 1991 ]] , [[ slovenia ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] and [[ republic of macedonia | | macedonia / | former yugoslav republic of macedonia ]] all gained their independence . nowadays the only remaining republics are [[ serbia ]] and [[ montenegro ]] , with the status of [[ kosovo | |
| 10037034 | 0 | ' ' . this remained in place until [[ 1992 ]] , by which time four of its six constituent republics - [[ slovenia ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ | republic of macedonia | macedonia | fyrom | ]] and [[ bosnia - herzegovina ]] - had seceded . * the third was called ' ' ' [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( fry ) ' ' ' |
| 10068403 | 0 | ' ' . this remained in place until [[ 1992 ]] , by which time four of its six constituent republics - [[ slovenia ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ | fyrom | republic of macedonia | macedonia | ]] and [[ bosnia - herzegovina ]] - had seceded . * the third was called ' ' ' [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( fry ) ' ' ' |
| 22076435 | 0 | = = the present - day countries created from the former parts of yugoslavia are : * [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] * [[ croatia ]] * [[ republic of macedonia | | macedonia | ]] * [[ serbia and montenegro ]] * [[ slovenia ]] the first former yugoslav republic that joined the [[ european union ]] was slovenia which applied in [[ 1996 ]] | |
| 22089515 | 0 | this remained in place until [[ 1992 ]] , by which time four of its six constituent republics - [[ slovenia ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | | macedonia | ]] and [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] - had seceded . * the third was called ' ' ' [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( fry ) ' ' ' | |
| 22885048 | 0 | this remained in place until [[ 1992 ]] , by which time four of its six constituent republics - [[ slovenia ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | | macedonia | ]] and [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] - had seceded . * the third was called ' ' ' [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( fry ) ' ' ' | |
| 23090340 | 0 | this remained in place until [[ 1992 ]] , by which time four of its six constituent republics - [[ slovenia ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | | macedonia | ]] and [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] - had seceded . * the third was called ' ' ' [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( fry ) ' ' ' | |
| 23092132 | 0 | this remained in place until [[ 1992 ]] , by which time four of its six constituent republics - [[ slovenia ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | | macedonia | ]] and [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] - had seceded . * the third was called ' ' ' [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( fry ) ' ' ' | |
| 23092723 | 0 | this remained in place until [[ 1992 ]] , by which time four of its six constituent republics - [[ slovenia ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | | macedonia | ]] and [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] - had seceded . * the third was called ' ' ' [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( fry ) ' ' ' | |
| 23101479 | 0 | this remained in place until [[ 1992 ]] , by which time four of its six constituent republics - [[ slovenia ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | | macedonia | ]] and [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] - had seceded . * the third was called ' ' ' [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( fry ) ' ' ' | |
| 23102723 | 1 | . this remained in place until [[ 1992 ]] , by which time four of its six constituent republics - [[ slovenia ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ republic of | macedonia | | macedonia ]] and [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] - had seceded . * the third was called ' ' ' [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( fry ) ' ' | |
| 23116671 | 0 | this remained in place until [[ 1992 ]] , by which time four of its six constituent republics - [[ slovenia ]] , [[ croatia ]] , the [[ republic of | macedonia | | macedonia ]] and [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] - had seceded . * the third was called ' ' ' [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( fry ) ' ' | |
| 25683008 | 1 | constituent republics and two autonomous province . the republics were : * [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , * [[ croatia ]] , * [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] | * [[ montenegro ]] * [[ serbia ]] | , * [[ montenegro ]] , * [[ serbia ]] and * [[ slovenia ]] and within serbia ' s new reduced borders , the people of the following two regions | |
| 47535806 | 1 | january 15 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , at which time four of its six constituent republics - [[ slovenia ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | | s . r . | macedonia ]] and [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] - had seceded . * the third was called ' ' ' [[ serbia and montenegro | federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( | |
| 59432184 | 1 | - day countries created from the former parts of yugoslavia are : * [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] * [[ croatia ]] * [[ montenegro ]] * [[ republic of macedonia | | macedonia | ]] * [[ serbia ]] * [[ slovenia ]] [[ image : former yugoslavia 2006 . png | 700px | thumb | center | countries of former yugoslavia ]] the first | |
| 149423470 | 0 | language , with several literary and spoken variants and also was the imposed means of communication used where other languages dominated ( [[ slovenia ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | | macedonia | fyrm | ]] and [[ kosovo ]] ) . now , separate sociolinguistic standards exist for [[ bosnian language ]] , [[ croatian language ]] and the [[ serbian language ]] . sfry |
| 149423908 | 1 | language , with several literary and spoken variants and also was the imposed means of communication used where other languages dominated ( [[ slovenia ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | | fyrm | macedonia | ]] and [[ kosovo ]] ) . now , separate sociolinguistic standards exist for [[ bosnian language ]] , [[ croatian language ]] and the [[ serbian language ]] . sfry |
| 153272714 | 0 | , during most of the [[ 20th century ]] . the six countries that were once part of yugoslavia are [[ bosnia - herzegovina ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ | fyrom | | macedonia ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ serbia ]] , and [[ slovenia ]] . the ' ' ' kingdom of yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ 1 december ]] | |
| 175384122 | 0 | during most of the [[ 20th century ]] . the six countries that were once part of yugoslavia are [[ bosnia - herzegovina ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ fyrom | | macedonia | ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ serbia ]] , and [[ slovenia ]] . the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' ( [[ 1 december | |
| 175483361 | 0 | during most of the [[ 20th century ]] . the six countries that were once part of yugoslavia are [[ bosnia - herzegovina ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ fyrom | | macedonia | ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ serbia ]] , and [[ slovenia ]] . the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' ( [[ 1 december | |
| 175603505 | 0 | during most of the [[ 20th century ]] . the six countries that were once part of yugoslavia are [[ bosnia - herzegovina ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ fyrom | | macedonia | ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ serbia ]] , and [[ slovenia ]] . the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' ( [[ 1 december | |
| 184109408 | 0 | the [[ 20th century ]] . the six countries that were once part of yugoslavia are [[ bosnia - herzegovina ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | | fyr of | macedonia ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ serbia ]] , and [[ slovenia ]] . the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' ( [[ 1 | |
| 185792042 | 0 | the [[ 20th century ]] . the six countries that were once part of yugoslavia are [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | | fyr | republic | of macedonia ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ serbia ]] , and [[ slovenia ]] . the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' ( [[ |
| 202901450 | 0 | = the present - day countries created from the former parts of yugoslavia are : * [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] * [[ croatia ]] * [[ montenegro ]] * [[ | republic | fyr | of macedonia ]] * [[ serbia ]] * * partially recognized breakaway province of [[ kosovo ]] * [[ slovenia ]] the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european |
| 203556024 | 3 | of the [[ 20th century ]] . the former constituent socialist republics of yugoslavia , now independent states , are [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ | republic of | serbia ]] and [[ | macedonia | macedonia ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ serbia ]] , and [[ slovenia ]] . [[ kosovo ]] , formerly an autonomous province of serbia , is a |
| 16 | 20th century ]] . the former constituent socialist republics of yugoslavia , now independent states , are [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | | macedonia ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ serbia ]] , and [[ slovenia | ]] . [[ kosovo ]] , formerly an autonomous province of serbia , is a partially recognized state which declared its independence in 2008 . it was not a socialist republic | ||
| 205709433 | 0 | = the present - day countries created from the former parts of yugoslavia are : * [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] * [[ croatia ]] * [[ montenegro ]] * [[ | republic of macedonia | fyr | republic | of macedonia ]] * [[ serbia ]] * * partially recognized breakaway province of [[ kosovo ]] * [[ slovenia ]] the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european |
| 1 | yugoslavia image : flag of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | bosnia and herzegovina image : flag of croatia . svg | croatia image : flag of macedonia . svg | | fyr | republic | of macedonia image : flag of montenegro . svg | montenegro image : flag of serbia . svg | serbia image : flag of slovenia . svg | slovenia image : | |
| 205710953 | 0 | - day countries created from the former parts of yugoslavia are : * [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] * [[ croatia ]] * [[ montenegro ]] * [[ republic of macedonia | | republic of macedonia ( fyrom ) | ]] * [[ serbia ]] * * partially recognized breakaway province of [[ kosovo ]] * [[ slovenia ]] the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] | |
| 205763412 | 0 | - day countries created from the former parts of yugoslavia are : * [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] * [[ croatia ]] * [[ montenegro ]] * [[ republic of macedonia | | republic of macedonia ( fyrom ) | ]] * [[ serbia ]] * * partially recognized breakaway province of [[ kosovo ]] * [[ slovenia ]] the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] | |
| 210766272 | 1 | - day countries created from the former parts of yugoslavia are : * [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] * [[ croatia ]] * [[ montenegro ]] * [[ republic of macedonia | | macedonia | [[ kosovo ]] the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , which applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004 . croatia applied | |
| 210766951 | 0 | present - day countries created from the former parts of yugoslavia are : * [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] * [[ croatia ]] * [[ kosovo | kosovo ( republic of | kosovo ) | kosovoν | ]] * [[ montenegro ]] * [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] * [[ serbia ]] * [[ slovenia ]] * [[ vojvodina ]] the first former yugoslav republic to |
| 210767374 | 0 | = the present - day countries created from the former parts of yugoslavia are : * [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] * [[ croatia ]] * [[ kosovo | republic of | kosovoν | kosovo | ]] * [[ montenegro ]] * [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] * [[ serbia ]] * [[ slovenia ]] * [[ vojvodina | asutonomous province of vojvodina ]] the |
| 237570587 | 1 | status as an independent country is [[ 2008 _ kosovo _ declaration _ of _ independence # international _ reaction | in dispute ]] ) * [[ republic of macedonia | | fyr | macedonia ]] * [[ montenegro ]] * [[ serbia ]] * [[ slovenia ]] the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , which applied | |
| 3 | 2008 _ kosovo _ declaration _ of _ independence # international _ reaction | in dispute ]] ) image : flag of macedonia . svg | [[ republic of macedonia | | fyr | macedonia ]] image : flag of montenegro . svg | [[ montenegro ]] image : flag of serbia . svg | [[ serbia ]] image : flag of slovenia . svg | ||
| 244370322 | 0 | an independent country is [[ 2008 _ kosovo _ declaration _ of _ independence # international _ reaction | in dispute ]] ) * [[ former yugoslav republic of macedonia | | fyr | republic of | macedonia ]] * [[ montenegro ]] * [[ serbia ]] * [[ slovenia ]] the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , which applied |
| 4 | [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] image : flag of croatia . svg | [[ croatia ]] image : flag of macedonia . svg | [[ former yugoslav republic of macedonia | | fyr | macedonia ]] image : flag of montenegro . svg | [[ montenegro ]] image : flag of serbia . svg | [[ serbia ]] image : flag of slovenia . svg | ||
| 247935764 | 38 | [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] image : flag of croatia . svg | [[ croatia ]] image : flag of macedonia . svg | [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] | < / center > | [[ montenegro ]] image : flag of serbia . svg | [[ serbia ]] image : flag of slovenia . svg | [[ slovenia ]] image : flag of kosovo . | |
| 53 | status as an independent country is [[ 2008 _ kosovo _ declaration _ of _ independence # international _ reaction | in dispute ]] ) * [[ republic of macedonia | | republic of | macedonia ]] * [[ montenegro ]] * [[ serbia ]] * [[ slovenia ]] the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , which applied | ||
| 251599396 | 1 | = = = = = new states = = = the present - day countries created from the former parts of yugoslavia are : * [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] * | [[ croatia ]] | {{ cro }} | * [[ kosovo ]] ( status as an independent country is [[ 2008 _ kosovo _ declaration _ of _ independence # international _ reaction | in dispute ]] ) * |
| 5 | [[ 2008 _ kosovo _ declaration _ of _ independence # international _ reaction | in dispute ]] ) * [[ montenegro ]] * [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] | * [[ serbia ]] * [[ slovenia ]] | the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , which applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004 . croatia applied for membership in | ||
| 257769716 | 20 | flag of croatia . svg | < center > [[ croatia ]] < / center > image : flag of macedonia . svg | < center > [[ republic of macedonia | . svg | republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] < / center > image : flag of montenegro . svg | < center > [[ montenegro ]] < / center > image : flag | |
| 21 | of croatia . svg | < center > [[ croatia ]] < / center > image : flag of macedonia . svg | < center > [[ republic of macedonia | | 40px | | macedonia ]] < / center > image : flag of montenegro . svg | < center > [[ montenegro ]] < / center > image : flag of serbia . | ||
| 281117483 | 2 | a unique language , with several literary and spoken variants and also was the imposed means of communication used where other languages dominated ( [[ slovenia ]] , [[ republic of | macedonia | | macedonia ]] ) . now , separate sociolinguistic standards exist for [[ bosnian language ]] , [[ croatian language ]] , [[ montenegrin language ]] and the [[ serbian language ]] | |
| 441313646 | 113 | of 1990 as enterprises sought to avoid bankruptcy . the largest concentrations of bankrupt firms and lay - offs were in [[ serbia ]] , [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , | [[ republic of | macedonia | macedonia ]] and [[ kosovo ]] . real earnings were in a free fall and social programmes had collapsed ; creating within the population an atmosphere of social despair | |
| 114 | sought to avoid bankruptcy . the largest concentrations of bankrupt firms and lay - offs were in [[ serbia ]] , [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | | macedonia ]] | and [[ kosovo ]] . real earnings were in a free fall and social programmes had collapsed ; creating within the population an atmosphere of social despair and hopelessness . this | ||
| 594278153 | 1 | february 17 , 2008 | no official recognition due to [[ international recognition of kosovo | ongoing kosovar sovereignty dispute ]] | february 17 | - | [[ republic of macedonia | ( country ) | macedonia | ]] | [[ skopje ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of macedonia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ | |
| 594372658 | 0 | february 17 , 2008 | no official recognition due to [[ international recognition of kosovo | ongoing kosovar sovereignty dispute ]] | february 17 | - | [[ republic of macedonia | ( country ) | macedonia | ]] | [[ skopje ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of macedonia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ | |
| 622094154 | 32 | official recognition due to [[ international recognition of kosovo | ongoing kosovar sovereignty dispute ]] {{ fact | date = august 2014 }} | february 17 | - | [[ macedonia | ( country ) | | macedonia ]] | [[ skopje ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of macedonia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center | |
| 33 | [[ international recognition of kosovo | ongoing kosovar sovereignty dispute ]] {{ fact | date = august 2014 }} | february 17 | - | [[ macedonia ( country ) | | macedonia | ]] | [[ skopje ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of macedonia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ | ||
| 648135254 | 4 | was renamed again to the [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( sfry ) . the constituent six socialist republics that made up the country were [[ socialist republic of | bosnia and herzegovina | sr | bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ socialist republic of croatia | sr croatia ]] , [[ socialist republic of macedonia | sr macedonia ]] , [[ socialist republic of montenegro | | |
| 689621207 | 0 | renamed again to the [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( sfry ) . the constituent six socialist republics that made up the country were the [[ socialist republic of | bosnia and herzegovina | sr | bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ socialist republic of croatia | sr croatia ]] , [[ socialist republic of macedonia | sr macedonia ]] , [[ socialist republic of montenegro | |
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| 25682758 | 0 | the [[ axis powers ]] . * the second was a [[ socialist state ]] established immediately after [[ world war ii ]] in [[ 1945 ]] as ' ' democratic | federal | federation of | yugoslavia ( dfy ) ' ' , which in [[ 1946 ]] became the ' ' federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ( fpry ) ' ' and in [[ |
| 57320182 | 10 | . on [[ may 21 ]] , [[ 2006 ]] , 86 percent of eligible montenegran voters turned out for a special referrundum on the independence of the montenagran republic from | federal | the state | union with serbia . they voted 55 . 4 % for independence , recognized as above the 55 % threshold set by the [[ european union ]] for formal recognition of |
| 87450897 | 0 | {st@rt} {{ see also | kingdom of yugoslavia | | federal | federel | republic of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ image : locationkingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes . png | thumb | right | 200px | general location |
| 87452403 | 0 | {st@rt} {{ see also | kingdom of yugoslavia | | federel | federal | republic of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ image : locationkingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes . png | thumb | right | 200px | general location |
| 105959469 | 0 | {st@rt} {{ see also | kingdom of yugoslavia | | federal | pooping | republic of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ image : locationyugoslavia . png | thumb | right | 200px | general location of the political entities known as |
| 105959810 | 0 | {st@rt} {{ see also | kingdom of yugoslavia | | pooping | federal | republic of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ image : locationyugoslavia . png | thumb | right | 200px | general location of the political entities known as |
| 115224788 | 0 | {st@rt} {{ see also | kingdom of yugoslavia | | federal | international | republic of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ image : locationyugoslavia . png | thumb | right | 200px | general location of the political entities known as |
| 115225029 | 0 | {st@rt} {{ see also | kingdom of yugoslavia | | international | federal | republic of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ image : locationyugoslavia . png | thumb | right | 200px | general location of the political entities known as |
| 237605005 | 0 | {st@rt} {{ refimprove | date = september 2008 }} {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist | federal | federative | republic of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ image : locationyugoslavia2 . png | thumb | right | 300px | general location of the political entities known as yugoslavia |
| 1 | the [[ axis powers ]] in 1941 , and because of the events that followed , was officially abolished in 1945 . the second country with this name was the democratic | federal | federative | yugoslavia , proclaimed in 1943 by the [[ yugoslav partisans ]] resistance movement in [[ world war ii ]] . it was renamed to the federal people ' s republic of | |
| 2 | this name was the democratic federal yugoslavia , proclaimed in 1943 by the [[ yugoslav partisans ]] resistance movement in [[ world war ii ]] . it was renamed to the | federal | federative | people ' s republic of yugoslavia in 1946 , when a communist government was established . in 1963 , it was renamed again to the [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | |
| 3 | renamed to the federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia in 1946 , when a communist government was established . in 1963 , it was renamed again to the [[ socialist | federal | federative | republic of yugoslavia ]] ( sfry ) . this was the largest yugoslav state , as [[ istria ]] and [[ rijeka ]] were added to the new yugoslavia after the | |
| 4 | referendum to lead the new independent [[ communism | communist ]] state , starting as a [[ prime minister ]] . = = sfr yugoslavia = = {{ main | socialist | federal | federative | republic of yugoslavia }} [[ image : sfryugoslavianumbered . png | thumb | 250px | right | numbered map of yugoslav republics and provinces . ]] on [[ january 31 ]] | |
| 5 | | 250px | right | numbered map of yugoslav republics and provinces . ]] on [[ january 31 ]] , [[ 1946 ]] , the new [[ constitution of the socialist | federal | federative | republic of yugoslavia | constitution ]] of [[ federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ]] , modeling the [[ soviet union ]] , established six socialist republics , a socialist | |
| 6 | republics and provinces . ]] on [[ january 31 ]] , [[ 1946 ]] , the new [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution ]] of [[ | federal | federative | people ' s republic of yugoslavia ]] , modeling the [[ soviet union ]] , established six socialist republics , a socialist autonomous province , and a socialist autonomous district that | |
| 7 | movement ]] in 1961 , which remained the official affiliation of the country until it dissolved . = = = demographics = = = {{ main | demographics of the socialist | federal | federative | republic of yugoslavia }} the population of yugoslavia according to the 1981 census was 22 . 4 million . [[ changes in yugoslavian religious demographics ]] = = = the government | |
| 8 | 250px | the 1968 [[ league of communists of yugoslavia ]] celebration . ]] on [[ 7 april ]] [[ 1963 ]] the nation changed its official name to [[ socialist | federal | federative | republic of yugoslavia ]] and [[ josip broz tito | tito ]] was named [[ president for life ]] . in the sfry , each republic and province had its own | |
| 9 | regime stifled the public protest and incarcerated the leaders , but many key croatian representatives in the party silently supported this cause , so a new [[ constitution of the socialist | federal | federative | republic of yugoslavia | constitution ]] was ratified in 1974 that gave more rights to the individual republics in yugoslavia and provinces in serbia . = = = ethnic tensions and | |
| 10 | [[ 4 may ]] [[ 1980 ]] , [[ ethnic group | ethnic ]] [[ tension ]] s grew in yugoslavia . the legacy of the [[ constitution of the socialist | federal | federative | republic of yugoslavia | constitution of 1974 ]] was used to throw the system of decision - making into a state of paralysis , made all the more hopeless as the | |
| 11 | in bosnia ]] followed shortly thereafter . = = = = the end of the second yugoslavia = = = = various dates are considered as the end of the socialist | federal | federative | republic of yugoslavia : * [[ june 25 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , when [[ croatia ]] and [[ slovenia ]] declared independence * [[ september 8 ]] , [[ | |
| 237910349 | 0 | {st@rt} {{ refimprove | date = september 2008 }} {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist | federative | federal | republic of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ image : locationyugoslavia2 . png | thumb | right | 300px | general location of the political entities known as yugoslavia |
| 1 | the [[ axis powers ]] in 1941 , and because of the events that followed , was officially abolished in 1945 . the second country with this name was the democratic | federative | federal | yugoslavia , proclaimed in 1943 by the [[ yugoslav partisans ]] resistance movement in [[ world war ii ]] . it was renamed to the federative people ' s republic of | |
| 2 | this name was the democratic federative yugoslavia , proclaimed in 1943 by the [[ yugoslav partisans ]] resistance movement in [[ world war ii ]] . it was renamed to the | federative | federal | people ' s republic of yugoslavia in 1946 , when a communist government was established . in 1963 , it was renamed again to the [[ socialist federative republic of yugoslavia | |
| 3 | renamed to the federative people ' s republic of yugoslavia in 1946 , when a communist government was established . in 1963 , it was renamed again to the [[ socialist | federative | federal | republic of yugoslavia ]] ( sfry ) . this was the largest yugoslav state , as [[ istria ]] and [[ rijeka ]] were added to the new yugoslavia after the | |
| 4 | referendum to lead the new independent [[ communism | communist ]] state , starting as a [[ prime minister ]] . = = sfr yugoslavia = = {{ main | socialist | federative | federal | republic of yugoslavia }} [[ image : sfryugoslavianumbered . png | thumb | 250px | right | numbered map of yugoslav republics and provinces . ]] on [[ january 31 ]] | |
| 5 | | 250px | right | numbered map of yugoslav republics and provinces . ]] on [[ january 31 ]] , [[ 1946 ]] , the new [[ constitution of the socialist | federative | federal | republic of yugoslavia | constitution ]] of [[ federative people ' s republic of yugoslavia ]] , modeling the [[ soviet union ]] , established six socialist republics , a socialist | |
| 6 | republics and provinces . ]] on [[ january 31 ]] , [[ 1946 ]] , the new [[ constitution of the socialist federative republic of yugoslavia | constitution ]] of [[ | federative | federal | people ' s republic of yugoslavia ]] , modeling the [[ soviet union ]] , established six socialist republics , a socialist autonomous province , and a socialist autonomous district that | |
| 7 | movement ]] in 1961 , which remained the official affiliation of the country until it dissolved . = = = demographics = = = {{ main | demographics of the socialist | federative | federal | republic of yugoslavia }} the population of yugoslavia according to the 1981 census was 22 . 4 million . [[ changes in yugoslavian religious demographics ]] = = = the government | |
| 8 | 250px | the 1968 [[ league of communists of yugoslavia ]] celebration . ]] on [[ 7 april ]] [[ 1963 ]] the nation changed its official name to [[ socialist | federative | federal | republic of yugoslavia ]] and [[ josip broz tito | tito ]] was named [[ president for life ]] . in the sfry , each republic and province had its own | |
| 9 | regime stifled the public protest and incarcerated the leaders , but many key croatian representatives in the party silently supported this cause , so a new [[ constitution of the socialist | federative | federal | republic of yugoslavia | constitution ]] was ratified in 1974 that gave more rights to the individual republics in yugoslavia and provinces in serbia . = = = ethnic tensions and | |
| 10 | [[ 4 may ]] [[ 1980 ]] , [[ ethnic group | ethnic ]] [[ tension ]] s grew in yugoslavia . the legacy of the [[ constitution of the socialist | federative | federal | republic of yugoslavia | constitution of 1974 ]] was used to throw the system of decision - making into a state of paralysis , made all the more hopeless as the | |
| 11 | in bosnia ]] followed shortly thereafter . = = = = the end of the second yugoslavia = = = = various dates are considered as the end of the socialist | federative | federal | republic of yugoslavia : * [[ june 25 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , when [[ croatia ]] and [[ slovenia ]] declared independence * [[ september 8 ]] , [[ |
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| 1377841 | 0 | & euml ; ]] [[ pl : jugos % b3awia ]] < div style = " float : right " > [[ image : yugoslavia _ flag _ medium . png | | flag of the federal republic of yugoslavia | ]] < / div > ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' is term casually used for three separate political entities . the first was a [[ monarchy | kingdom ]] | |
| 195089858 | 1 | . svg | macedonia image : flag of montenegro . svg | montenegro image : flag of serbia . svg | serbia image : flag of slovenia . svg | slovenia | image : flag of kosovo . svg | kosovo | < / gallery > = = = remaining cultural and ethnic ties = = = the similarity of the languages and the long history of common life have left many ties | |
| 195135413 | 1 | . svg | macedonia image : flag of montenegro . svg | montenegro image : flag of serbia . svg | serbia image : flag of slovenia . svg | slovenia | image : flag of kosovo . svg | kosovo | < / gallery > = = = remaining cultural and ethnic ties = = = the similarity of the languages and the long history of common life have left many ties | |
| 199227355 | 2 | . svg | macedonia image : flag of montenegro . svg | montenegro image : flag of serbia . svg | serbia image : flag of slovenia . svg | slovenia | image : flag _ of _ kosovo . svg | kosovo ( pending full international recognition ) | < / gallery > = = = remaining cultural and ethnic ties = = = the similarity of the languages and the long history of common life have left many ties | |
| 199793330 | 2 | | montenegro image : flag of serbia . svg | serbia image : flag of slovenia . svg | slovenia image : flag _ of _ kosovo . svg | kosovo | ( pending full international recognition ) | is legal thus far . the " territory " not province of kosovo was not legally separated from serbia . any flag , or rcognition thus far is a lie . | < / gallery > = = = remaining cultural and ethnic ties = = = the similarity of the languages and the long history of common life have left many ties |
| 201577676 | 1 | montenegro image : flag of serbia . svg | serbia image : flag of slovenia . svg | slovenia image : flag _ of _ kosovo . svg | kosovo ( | pending full international recognition | final status unresolved | ) < / gallery > = = = remaining cultural and ethnic ties = = = the similarity of the languages and the long history of common life have left many |
| 206594988 | 2 | | montenegro image : flag of serbia . svg | serbia image : flag of slovenia . svg | slovenia image : flag _ of _ kosovo . svg | kosovo | ( final status unresolved ) | < / gallery > = = = remaining cultural and ethnic ties = = = the similarity of the languages and the long history of common life have left many ties | |
| 206597640 | 1 | flag of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | bosnia and herzegovina image : flag of croatia . svg | croatia image : flag _ of _ kosovo . svg | kosovo | ( final status unresolved ) | < / gallery > = = = remaining cultural and ethnic ties = = = the similarity of the languages and the long history of common life have left many ties | |
| 207049255 | 0 | | republic of macedonia image : flag of montenegro . svg | montenegro image : flag of serbia . svg | serbia image : flag of slovenia . svg | slovenia | image : flag _ of _ kosovo . svg | kosovo ( final status unresolved ) | < / gallery > = = = remaining cultural and ethnic ties = = = the similarity of the languages and the long history of common life have left many ties | |
| 208347767 | 0 | | republic of macedonia image : flag of montenegro . svg | montenegro image : flag of serbia . svg | serbia image : flag of slovenia . svg | slovenia | image : flag of kosovo . svg | kosovo | < / gallery > = = = remaining cultural and ethnic ties = = = the similarity of the languages and the long history of common life have left many ties | |
| 208618283 | 0 | | republic of macedonia image : flag of montenegro . svg | montenegro image : flag of serbia . svg | serbia image : flag of slovenia . svg | slovenia | image : flag of kosovo . svg | kosovo | < / gallery > = = = remaining cultural and ethnic ties = = = the similarity of the languages and the long history of common life have left many ties | |
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| 231810520 | 12 | svg | republic of macedonia image : flag of montenegro . svg | montenegro image : flag of serbia . svg | serbia image : flag of slovenia . svg | | [[ | slovenia < / gallery > = = = remaining cultural and ethnic ties = = = the similarity of the languages and the long history of common life have left many | |
| 13 | | republic of macedonia image : flag of montenegro . svg | montenegro image : flag of serbia . svg | serbia image : flag of slovenia . svg | slovenia | ]] | < / gallery > = = = remaining cultural and ethnic ties = = = the similarity of the languages and the long history of common life have left many ties | ||
| 247935764 | 39 | of croatia . svg | [[ croatia ]] image : flag of macedonia . svg | [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] image : flag of montenegro . svg | | < center > | < / gallery > = = = remaining cultural and ethnic ties = = = the similarity of the languages and the long history of common life have left many ties | |
| 257769716 | 5 | them ) . < center > < gallery caption = " flags of the new states " perrow = 6 > image : flag of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | | style = " width : 7em ; font - size : 90 % ; " | | | < center > [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] < / center > image : flag of croatia . svg | < center > [[ croatia ]] < / center > | |
| 12 | > image : flag of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | < center > [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] < / center > image : flag of croatia . svg | | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | | | < center > [[ croatia ]] < / center > image : flag of macedonia . svg | < center > [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] < / | ||
| 18 | ]] < / center > image : flag of croatia . svg | < center > [[ croatia ]] < / center > image : flag of macedonia . svg | | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | | | < center > [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] < / center > image : flag of montenegro . svg | < center > [[ montenegro ]] < / | ||
| 24 | > image : flag of macedonia . svg | < center > [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] < / center > image : flag of montenegro . svg | | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | | | < center > [[ montenegro ]] < / center > image : flag of serbia . svg | < center > [[ serbia ]] < / center > image : | ||
| 31 | ]] < / center > image : flag of montenegro . svg | < center > [[ montenegro ]] < / center > image : flag of serbia . svg | | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | | | < center > [[ serbia ]] < / center > image : flag of slovenia . svg | < center > [[ slovenia ]] < / center > < / | ||
| 38 | ]] < / center > image : flag of serbia . svg | < center > [[ serbia ]] < / center > image : flag of slovenia . svg | | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | | | < center > [[ slovenia ]] < / center > < / gallery > < / center > = = = remaining cultural and ethnic ties = = = the | ||
| 51 | > image : flag of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | < center > [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] < / center > image : flag of croatia . svg | | < center > | [[ croatia ]] < / center > image : flag of macedonia . svg | < center > [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] < / center > image : | ||
| 58 | > image : flag of macedonia . svg | < center > [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] < / center > image : flag of montenegro . svg | | < center > | [[ montenegro ]] < / center > image : flag of serbia . svg | < center > [[ serbia ]] < / center > image : flag of slovenia . | ||
| 61 | ]] < / center > image : flag of montenegro . svg | < center > [[ montenegro ]] < / center > image : flag of serbia . svg | | < center > | [[ serbia ]] < / center > image : flag of slovenia . svg | < center > [[ slovenia ]] < / center > < / gallery > < / | ||
| 64 | ]] < / center > image : flag of serbia . svg | < center > [[ serbia ]] < / center > image : flag of slovenia . svg | | < center > | [[ slovenia ]] < / center > < / gallery > < / center > = = = remaining cultural and ethnic ties = = = the similarity of the languages | ||
| 318046156 | 38 | | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ novi sad ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of sr serbia . svg | | 70px | border | ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : sr serbia coa . png | 40px ]] < / center > | - | 6 . [[ socialist | |
| 468701811 | 41 | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ skopje ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of the sr macedonia . svg | 70px | | border | ]] < / center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : sfry macedonia . png | 60px ]] < / center | |
| 62 | ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ skopje ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of macedonia . svg | 70px | | border | ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of the republic of macedonia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | ||
| 469728921 | 1 | ; " | [[ sarajevo ]] | style = " width : 6em ; " | < center > [[ file : flag of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | 70px | | border | ]] < / center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | | |
| 2 | - size : 90 % ; " | [[ skopje ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of the republic of macedonia 1992 - 1995 . svg | 70px | | border | ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of the republic of macedonia 1991 - 2009 . svg | 40px ]] < / center | ||
| 469729911 | 0 | " | [[ sarajevo ]] | style = " width : 6em ; " | < center > [[ file : flag of sr bosnia and herzegovina . svg | 70px | | border | ]] < / center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : sfry bosnia and herzegovina . png | 60px ]] < | |
| 1 | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ skopje ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of the sr macedonia . svg | 70px | | border | ]] < / center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : sfry macedonia . png | 60px ]] < / center | ||
| 492376913 | 2 | ref > | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ pristina ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of kosovo . svg | | priština | ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of kosovo . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of | |
| 3 | file : flag of kosovo . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of kosovo . svg | | : | < center > [[ file : flag of kosovo . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of | ||
| 12 | ref > | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ pristina ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of kosovo . svg | | 70px | border | ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of kosovo . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | [[ republic | ||
| 14 | file : flag of kosovo . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of kosovo . svg | | 40px | ]] < / center > | - | [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ skopje ]] | ||
| 492692066 | 11 | [[ file : flag of serbia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > : < center > [[ file : flag of kosovo . svg | 40px | | border | ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of serbia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > : < center > [[ | |
| 496003280 | 16 | ; " | [[ sarajevo ]] | style = " width : 6em ; " | < center > [[ file : flag of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | 70px | | border | ]] < / center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | | |
| 544374238 | 1 | herzegovina ]] | [[ sarajevo ]] | style = " width : 6em ; " | < center > [[ file : flag of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | 70px | | border | ]] < / center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | | |
| 547327217 | 16 | serbia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : sfry serbia . png | | the socialist republic of croatia | | 60px ]] < / center > | - | 6 | [[ socialist republic of slovenia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | | |
| 53 | serbia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : sfry serbia . png | | 60px | ]] < / center > | - | 6 | [[ socialist republic of slovenia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ ljubljana | ||
| 58 | | border ]] < / center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : sr slovenia coa . png | 40px ]] | < / center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | | < center > [[ file : sfry slovenia . png | 60px ]] < / center > | - | } in 1947 , negotiations between yugoslavia and bulgaria were led | ||
| 824490818 | 8 | symbol _ type = emblem ( 1963 – 1992 ) | symbol _ type _ article = emblem of yugoslavia | image _ map = yugoslavia location map . svg | | image _ map _ caption = | latd = | latm = | latns = | longd = | longm = | longew = | national _ motto = | national _ anthem = ' ' ' 1919 – 1941 : ' ' ' < br / > ' ' [[ himna kraljevine jugoslavije ]] ' ' < br / > химна краљевине југославије < br / > {{ small | " national anthem of the kingdom of yugoslavia " }} < br / > {{ center | [[ file : himna kraljevine jugoslavije . ogg | ]] }} < br / > ' ' ' 1943 – 1992 ' ' ' : < br / > ' ' [[ hej , slaveni ]] ' ' ( unofficial | |
| 833505917 | 0 | yugoslavia | flag _ s5 = flag of fr yugoslavia . svg | | image _ flag = [[ file : flag of the kingdom of yugoslavia . svg | 120px | | border | ]] < br > < br > [[ file : flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | 120px ]] | flag _ type = flag | flag _ border = | |
| left_string | del_string | ins_string | right_string | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 298091 | 8 | , [[ kosovo war ]] ) . for more information about the current situation in yugoslavia , see [[ serbia and montenegro ]] , the name under which the republic is | of yugoslavia , although they accepted it as constituting a state . this situation | is currently officially recognised by the [[ united states ]] . < b > [[ country codes | country code ]] ( top level domain ) : < / b > | ||||
| 9 | ) . for more information about the current situation in yugoslavia , see [[ serbia and montenegro ]] , the name under which the republic is currently officially recognised by the | now resolved , with | the [[ united states ]] . < b > [[ country codes | country code ]] ( top level domain ) : < / b > yu | |||||
| 10 | for more information about the current situation in yugoslavia , see [[ serbia and montenegro ]] , the name under which the republic is currently officially recognised by the [[ united | admission of the federal republic of yugoslavia to the | united states ]] . < b > [[ country codes | country code ]] ( top level domain ) : < / b > yu | |||||
| 18 | , [[ kosovo war ]] ) . for more information about the current situation in yugoslavia , see [[ serbia and montenegro ]] , the name under which the republic is | currently officially recognised by | the [[ united states ]] . < b > [[ country codes | country code ]] ( top level domain ) : < / b > yu | |||||
| 19 | ) . for more information about the current situation in yugoslavia , see [[ serbia and montenegro ]] , the name under which the republic is currently officially recognised by the | [[ | united states ]] . < b > [[ country codes | country code ]] ( top level domain ) : < / b > yu | |||||
| 34484 | 0 | {st@rt} the federal republic of yugoslavia is a country in southeastern europe , formed in [[ 1918 | ]] as a [[ monarchy | ]] . after [[ world war ii ]] it became a [[ communism | communist ]] country under dictator [[ josip broz tito ]] , but unlike other eastern and central | ||||
| 458432 | 0 | [[ image : yugoslavia _ flag _ medium . png ]] < / div > the federal republic of ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' is a country in southeastern | [[ | europe , formed in [[ 1918 ]] as the [[ kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ]] and renamed kingdom of yugoslavia in 1929 . after [[ world war ii | ||||
| 1 | image : yugoslavia _ flag _ medium . png ]] < / div > the federal republic of ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' is a country in southeastern europe | ]] | , formed in [[ 1918 ]] as the [[ kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ]] and renamed kingdom of yugoslavia in 1929 . after [[ world war ii ]] | |||||
| 823595 | 8 | which , among other changes , promised the end of yugoslavia . on february 4 , 2003 the federal parliament of yugoslavia dissolved the country and agreed to create a loose | [[ | commonwealth of the remaining two states within a union . the new union of two nations is called [[ serbia and montenegro ]] . < b > [[ country codes | | ||||
| 9 | , among other changes , promised the end of yugoslavia . on february 4 , 2003 the federal parliament of yugoslavia dissolved the country and agreed to create a loose commonwealth | ]] | of the remaining two states within a union . the new union of two nations is called [[ serbia and montenegro ]] . < b > [[ country codes | country | |||||
| 904667 | 9 | td > < i > fig . 1 - map of yugoslavia < / i > < / tr > < / td > < / table > the united nations | ]] | , and many individual states ( including the [[ united states ]] ) refused to recognise the remaining confederation of serbia and montenegro as the continuation of the socialist federal republic | ||||
| 1213973 | 0 | yugoslavia ' ' ' from 1929 to 1941 . * [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | socialist republic of yugoslavia ]] , which existed from [[ 1945 ]] to [[ | 1991 | 1992 | ]] , under names : * * ' ' ' democratic federal yugoslavia ' ' ' , from 1945 to | |||
| 3 | republic of yugoslavia ' ' ' - article on the republic , 1963 to 1991 . * [[ federal republic of yugoslavia | republic of yugoslavia ]] , which exists from | 1991 | 1992 | , under names : * * ' ' ' federal republic of yugoslavia ' ' ' , from 1991 to [[ 2003 ]] , * * ' ' ' serbia and | ||||
| 1288560 | 5 | of serbs , croats and slovenes ' ' ' , from 1918 to [[ 1929 ]] , * * ' ' ' kingdom of yugoslavia ' ' ' from 1929 to | [[ | 1941 . * [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | socialist yugoslavia ]] , which existed from [[ 1945 ]] to [[ 1992 ]] , under names : * * ' | ||||
| 12 | ' s republic of yugoslavia ' ' ' from 1946 to [[ 1963 ]] , * * ' ' ' socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ' ' ' from 1963 to | [[ | 1992 . * [[ serbia and montenegro | republic of yugoslavia ]] , which exists from 1992 , under names : * * ' ' ' federal republic of yugoslavia ' | |||||
| 19 | kingdom of yugoslavia ' ' ' from 1929 to 1941 . * [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | socialist yugoslavia ]] , which existed from [[ 1945 ]] to [[ | 1992 ]] , under names : * * ' ' ' democratic federal yugoslavia ' ' ' , from 1945 to [[ | 1946 ]] , * * ' ' ' federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ' ' ' from 1946 to [[ 1963 ]] , * * ' ' ' socialist | |||||
| 1298298 | 6 | yugoslavia ' ' ' is term casually used for any of following political entities : * [[ kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ]] , from [[ 1918 ]] to | the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] in | [[ 1929 ]] , * [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] from 1929 to [[ 1941 ]] * [[ democratic federal yugoslavia ]] , from [[ 1945 ]] to [[ 1946 ]] | ||||
| 1378973 | 0 | into a loose commonwealth and changed its name to [[ serbia and montenegro ]] . [[ country codes | country code ]] : ' ' ' yu = = see also | : | = = * [[ history of yugoslavia ]] | ||||
| 2184776 | 1 | > [[ tricolour ]] of yugoslavia < / center > < / div > ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' is a term casually used for three separate political entities | that existed during most of the [[ 20th century ]] | . the name is interpreted to mean ' ' land of south slavs ' ' ( ' ' jug ' ' in ' ' jugoslavija ' ' means south ) . | ||||
| 2946249 | 1 | kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' in [[ 1929 ]] and existed under that name until it was invaded in [[ 1941 ]] by the [[ axis powers ]] . | * | the second was a [[ communist state ]] established immediately after [[ world war ii ]] in [[ 1945 ]] as ' ' ' democratic federal yugoslavia ' ' ' , | ||||
| 2 | of its six constituent republics - [[ slovenia ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] and [[ bosnia - herzegovina ]] - had seceded . | * | a federation called the ' ' ' federal republic of yugoslavia ' ' ' was formed between the remaining republics of [[ serbia ]] and [[ montenegro ]] . in [[ | |||||
| 4155035 | 0 | herzegovina ]] - had seceded . * the third was called ' ' ' [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( fry ) ' ' ' and was formed in [[ | 1991 | 1992 | ]] between the remaining republics of [[ serbia ]] and [[ montenegro ]] . in [[ 2003 ]] , name yugoslavia was officially abolished when the state was transformed into a | |||
| 5415837 | 5 | ]] . the remaining three republics have yet to apply so their acceptance generally isn ' t expected before 2015 . see also : [[ enlargement of the european union ]] | = = | see also = = * [[ history of yugoslavia ]] {{ sfry }} [[ da : jugoslavien ]] [[ de : jugoslawien ]] [[ et : jugoslaavia ]] [[ fr : | ||||
| 5747366 | 0 | ]] . the remaining three republics have yet to apply so their acceptance generally isn ' t expected before 2015 . see also : [[ enlargement of the european union ]] | = = miscellaneous = = [[ asteroid ]] [[ 1554 yugoslavia ]] is discovered by [[ milorad b . protitch ]] and named after first yugoslavia . | [[ category : former countries ]] [[ da : jugoslavien ]] [[ de : jugoslawien ]] [[ et : jugoslaavia ]] [[ fr : yougoslavie ]] [[ hr : jugoslavija ]] | ||||
| 8716787 | 0 | a wide - spread [[ guerrilla ]] campaign which developed into the largest resistance army in occupied western and central europe . the germans response was to punish the civil population | by initiating reprisal killings and by permitting free hand to quisling forces of the government of croatia , | leading to great civilain loss of life , principally among the serbs of bosnia and croatia , who provided the bulk of partisan formations . the current estimate of the [[ | ||||
| 8718538 | 1 | [[ josip broz tito ]] , a [[ croats | croatian ]] member of the [[ communist party of yugoslavia ]] . the nla initiated a [[ guerrilla ]] campaign which | was | developed into the largest resistance army in occupied western and central europe . the german response was to punish the civil population by carrying out reprisal killings and by giving a | ||||
| 10 | the current estimate of the [[ demography | demographic ]] loss is 1 , 700 , 000 inviduals or 10 % of the population of yugoslavia . in liberated territories , | and | the nla organized [[ people ' s committee ]] s to act as civilian government . on [[ november 25 ]] , [[ 1942 ]] , the [[ avnoj | anti | |||||
| 19 | ]] . the [[ red army ]] aided in liberating [[ belgrade , yugoslavia | belgrade ]] . during the war the [[ communism | communist ]] lead the [[ partisans | ]] that were opposing the occupation and were ' ' de facto ' ' rulers on the liberated territories | , but also denied supremacy of the old [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] government . westerner attempts to reunite partisans and emigration loyal to the king led to the [[ tito | |||||
| 9383013 | 12 | , but not for long . following the first multi - party election results , republics of slovenia and croatia proposed to transform yugoslavia into loose confederation of six republics in | the | autumn 1990 , however [[ slobodan milosevic | milo & # 353 ; evi & # 263 ; ]] rejected all such proposals with an argument that all serbs should live | ||||
| 13 | but not for long . following the first multi - party election results , republics of slovenia and croatia proposed to transform yugoslavia into loose confederation of six republics in autumn | of | 1990 , however [[ slobodan milosevic | milo & # 353 ; evi & # 263 ; ]] rejected all such proposals with an argument that all serbs should live in | |||||
| 18 | & # 269 ; an ]] , resp . ) , which instead favored more economic liberalization ( such as [[ perestroika ]] ) , to leave the congress in protest | , and marked a culmination in the rift of the ruling party | . following the [[ fall of communism ]] in [[ eastern europe ]] and in yugoslavia , each of the republics elected a new government democratically , but the unresolved issues | |||||
| 10662657 | 2 | the axis decided to attack both yugoslavia and greece on [[ april 6 ]] . ( as a result , hitler had to delay the launch of [[ operation barbarossa ]] | was delayed | by four weeks , which proved to be a costly decision . ) = = yugoslavia during the second world war = = at 05 : 15 on [[ april 6 | ||||
| 12142490 | 1 | ]] when the king returned on [[ march 27 ]] . army general [[ dusan simovic ]] seized power , arrested the vienna delegation , exiled paul , and instated the | regency , giving | 17 - year old crown prince [[ petar ii karadjordjevic | peter ]] as the new king . [[ adolf hitler | hitler ]] then decided to attack yugoslavia on [[ | ||||
| 4 | when the king returned on [[ march 27 ]] . army general [[ dusan simovic ]] seized power , arrested the vienna delegation , exiled paul , and instated the 17 | - | year old crown prince [[ petar ii karadjordjevic | peter ]] as the new king . [[ adolf hitler | hitler ]] then decided to attack yugoslavia on [[ april 6 | |||||
| 12765421 | 2 | main article : [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ' ' [[ image : prfli . jpg | thumb | 200px | marshal tito led yugoslavia from the end of | [[ | world war ii until his death in 1980 . ]] on [[ january 31 ]] , [[ 1946 ]] the new [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | | ||||
| 3 | [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ' ' [[ image : prfli . jpg | thumb | 200px | marshal tito led yugoslavia from the end of world war ii | ]] | until his death in 1980 . ]] on [[ january 31 ]] , [[ 1946 ]] the new [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution ]] of | |||||
| 4 | of yugoslavia ]] ' ' [[ image : prfli . jpg | thumb | 200px | marshal tito led yugoslavia from the end of world war ii until his death in | [[ | 1980 . ]] on [[ january 31 ]] , [[ 1946 ]] the new [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution ]] of [[ federal people ' | |||||
| 5 | yugoslavia ]] ' ' [[ image : prfli . jpg | thumb | 200px | marshal tito led yugoslavia from the end of world war ii until his death in 1980 | ]] | . ]] on [[ january 31 ]] , [[ 1946 ]] the new [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution ]] of [[ federal people ' s | |||||
| 13049340 | 3 | presidency , the federal prime minister , and the federal parliament . an important role was one of the president of the [[ communist party of yugoslavia ]] for each republic | and province | , and the president of presidency of central committee of the communist party . josip broz tito was the most powerful person in the country , and after him there were | ||||
| 4 | and the president of presidency of central committee of the communist party . josip broz tito was the most powerful person in the country , and after him there were republic | and province | premiers and presidents , plus communist party presidents . people whom he did not favor varied greatly . slobodan penezi & # 263 ; kr & # 269 ; un served | |||||
| 5 | cause , so a new [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution ]] was ratified in [[ 1974 ]] that gave more rights to the individual republics | and provinces | . according to this constitution , individual republics had a right for self - determination , up to secession , which made later break - up easier . = = = | |||||
| 13160678 | 0 | [[ january 15 ]] , 1992 , when slovenia and croatia were internationally recognized . the war in the western parts of former yugoslavia ended in [[ 1995 ]] with [[ | united states | | u . s . ]] - sponsored peace talks in [[ dayton , ohio ]] , with the so - called [[ dayton agreement ]] . after some years of peace | ||||
| 13197885 | 0 | . s . ]] - sponsored peace talks in [[ dayton , ohio ]] , with the so - called [[ dayton agreement ]] . after some years of peace , | starting | in [[ 1998 ]] , the albanian organization [[ kosovo liberation army ]] started terrorist actions in the southern serbian province . in [[ 1999 ]] nato bombed serbia and montenegro | ||||
| 13337760 | 1 | the council reconvened on [[ november 29 ]] , [[ 1943 ]] in [[ jajce ]] and established the basis for post - war organisation of the country , establishing a | belgrade - dominated | federation ( this date was celebrated as republic day after the war ) . the nla was able to expel the axis from serbia in [[ 1944 ]] and the rest | ||||
| 2 | ) . the nla was able to expel the axis from serbia in [[ 1944 ]] and the rest of yugoslavia in [[ 1945 ]] . the [[ red army ]] | and the [[ bulgarian ]] army | aided in liberating [[ belgrade ]] as well as many other territories , but withdrew after the war was over . westerner attempts to reunite the partisans , who denied supremacy | |||||
| 15457341 | 7 | croatia ]] . this led to great civilian loss of life , principally but not exclusively among the serbs of bosnia and croatia , whose populations provided a large portion of | both | rebel formations . the estimated [[ demography | demographic ]] loss was 1 , 700 , 000 inviduals or 10 % of the population of yugoslavia . during the war , | ||||
| 19428879 | 0 | and [[ informbiro ]] ) and started to build its own way to [[ socialism ]] under strong political leadership of [[ josip broz tito ]] . the country criticized both | [[ | eastern and western block and together with other countries started the [[ non - aligned movement ]] in [[ 1961 ]] , which remained the official policy of the country until | ||||
| 2 | informbiro ]] ) and started to build its own way to [[ socialism ]] under strong political leadership of [[ josip broz tito ]] . the country criticized both eastern and | [[ | western block and together with other countries started the [[ non - aligned movement ]] in [[ 1961 ]] , which remained the official policy of the country until it dissolved | |||||
| 5 | its own way to [[ socialism ]] under strong political leadership of [[ josip broz tito ]] . the country criticized both eastern and western block and together with other countries | . | started the [[ non - aligned movement ]] in [[ 1961 ]] , which remained the official policy of the country until it dissolved . on [[ april 7 ]] , | |||||
| 20718541 | 1 | ]] in [[ 1934 ]] , he was assassinated by [[ vmro | macedonian nationalists ]] . his son and successor , [[ peter ii of yugoslavia | peter ii ]] | ( petar ii ) | , was a child , so power fell into the hands of the ineffectual [[ prince paul of yugoslavia | prince paul ]] , who continued on an authoritarian path with | ||||
| 22506196 | 9 | [[ yugoslav wars ]] . these began with a short war in slovenia and continued with a war in croatia in [[ 1991 ]] and in bosnia in [[ 1992 ]] | the war in bosnia followed shortly thereafter | . as a result of the conflict , the [[ united nations security council ]] unanimously adopted [[ un security council resolution 721 ]] on [[ november 27 ]] , 1991 | ||||
| 22506688 | 0 | in late june , 1991 , slovenia and croatia became the first republics to declare independence from yugoslavia , but the international community pressured them to place a three - month | [[ | moratorium on the decision in the [[ brioni agreement ]] . secession of the newly - formed states marked the beginning of the bloody [[ yugoslav wars ]] . these began | ||||
| 1 | late june , 1991 , slovenia and croatia became the first republics to declare independence from yugoslavia , but the international community pressured them to place a three - month moratorium | ]] | on the decision in the [[ brioni agreement ]] . secession of the newly - formed states marked the beginning of the bloody [[ yugoslav wars ]] . these began with | |||||
| 22506754 | 1 | un / u911127a . htm ] the so - called badinter commission formed by the [[ european community ]] declared that the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia had " dissolved " | in early 1992 | . various dates are considered as the end of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia : * [[ june 25 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , when croatia and slovenia declared | ||||
| 22785116 | 39 | & # 46972 ; & # 48708 ; & # 50500 ; ]] [[ hr : jugoslavija ]] [[ io : yugoslavia ]] [[ it : jugoslavia ]] [[ he : | & # 1497 ; & # 1493 ; & # 1490 ; & # 1493 ; & # 1505 ; & # 1500 ; & # 1489 ; & # 1497 ; & # 1492 ; | יוגוסלביה | ]] [[ lv : dienvidsl & # 257 ; vija ]] [[ mk : & # 1032 ; & # 1091 ; & # 1075 ; & # 1086 ; & | |||
| 22951623 | 0 | in a yes vote in the referendum , and the republic ' s government declared its independence though everyone advocated that such decision had be made with the consent of all | the | three nation . the war in bosnia followed shortly thereafter . the so - called badinter commission formed by the [[ european community ]] declared in early 1992 that the socialist | ||||
| 27567832 | 2 | ]] . on [[ april 1 ]] , [[ 2001 ]] , milošević was arrested on charges of abuse of power and corruption . on [[ june 28 ]] he was | driven to the yugoslav - bosnian border where shortly after he was placed in the custody of [[ sfor ]] officials , soon to be | extradited to the [[ united nations ]] [[ international criminal tribunal for the former yugoslavia ]] . his trial on charges of [[ genocide ]] in bosnia and war crimes in | ||||
| 27573257 | 0 | ]] . the remaining three republics have yet to apply so their acceptance generally isn ' t expected before 2015 . see also : [[ enlargement of the european union ]] | = = ' ' ' comments ' ' ' : = = | i the so called clerics in the first paragraph had no power in the yugoslav republics , in fact it wasn ' t untill mid seventies that yugoslavia signed an aggreement | ||||
| 27670102 | 9 | in [[ 1991 ]] . in september 1991 , the republic of macedonia also declared independence , but no war erupted there , and nato observers were placed at its northern | reaches of the historical region known as macedonia , which would otherwise create a | border . as a result of the conflict , the [[ united nations security council ]] unanimously adopted [[ un security council resolution 721 ]] on [[ november 27 ]] , | ||||
| 10 | [[ 1991 ]] . in september 1991 , the republic of macedonia also declared independence , but no war erupted there , and nato observers were placed at its northern border | dispute if ever macedonian nationalism should resurface ( see [[ imro ]] ) | . as a result of the conflict , the [[ united nations security council ]] unanimously adopted [[ un security council resolution 721 ]] on [[ november 27 ]] , 1991 | |||||
| 29212271 | 0 | which dovetailed into ethnic conflict between the albanians and the non - albanians in the province . by this time , the albanians had become the largest ethnic group with over | 50 | 90 | % of the population . the principle slavs , mainly serbs , were fast reducing in size and would by 1999 be as little as 10 % of the two million | |||
| 31961080 | 0 | ' ( ' ' jug ' ' in the word ' ' jugoslavija ' ' means south ) . * the first was a [[ monarchy | kingdom ]] formed in | [[ | 1918 ]] as the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ]] ' ' ' , which was re - named the ' ' ' [[ kingdom | ||||
| 1 | ' ' jug ' ' in the word ' ' jugoslavija ' ' means south ) . * the first was a [[ monarchy | kingdom ]] formed in [[ 1918 | ]] | as the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ]] ' ' ' , which was re - named the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of yugoslavia | |||||
| 2 | [[ kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ]] ' ' ' , which was re - named the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' in | [[ | 1929 ]] and existed under that name until it was invaded in [[ 1941 ]] by the [[ axis powers ]] . * the second was a [[ socialist state ]] | |||||
| 3 | of serbs , croats and slovenes ]] ' ' ' , which was re - named the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' in [[ 1929 | ]] | and existed under that name until it was invaded in [[ 1941 ]] by the [[ axis powers ]] . * the second was a [[ socialist state ]] established immediately | |||||
| 4 | which was re - named the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' in [[ 1929 ]] and existed under that name until it was invaded in | [[ | 1941 ]] by the [[ axis powers ]] . * the second was a [[ socialist state ]] established immediately after [[ world war ii ]] in [[ 1945 ]] as | |||||
| 5 | re - named the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' in [[ 1929 ]] and existed under that name until it was invaded in [[ 1941 | ]] | by the [[ axis powers ]] . * the second was a [[ socialist state ]] established immediately after [[ world war ii ]] in [[ 1945 ]] as ' ' | |||||
| 6 | was invaded in [[ 1941 ]] by the [[ axis powers ]] . * the second was a [[ socialist state ]] established immediately after [[ world war ii ]] in | [[ | 1945 ]] as ' ' democratic federation of yugoslavia ( dfy ) ' ' , which in [[ 1946 ]] became the ' ' federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia | |||||
| 7 | in [[ 1941 ]] by the [[ axis powers ]] . * the second was a [[ socialist state ]] established immediately after [[ world war ii ]] in [[ 1945 | ]] | as ' ' democratic federation of yugoslavia ( dfy ) ' ' , which in [[ 1946 ]] became the ' ' federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ( fpry | |||||
| 8 | [[ socialist state ]] established immediately after [[ world war ii ]] in [[ 1945 ]] as ' ' democratic federation of yugoslavia ( dfy ) ' ' , which in | [[ | 1946 ]] became the ' ' federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ( fpry ) ' ' and in [[ april 7 ]] [[ 1963 ]] the ' ' ' | |||||
| 9 | state ]] established immediately after [[ world war ii ]] in [[ 1945 ]] as ' ' democratic federation of yugoslavia ( dfy ) ' ' , which in [[ 1946 | ]] | became the ' ' federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ( fpry ) ' ' and in [[ april 7 ]] [[ 1963 ]] the ' ' ' [[ socialist | |||||
| 10 | in [[ april 7 ]] [[ 1963 ]] the ' ' ' [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( sfry ) ' ' ' . this remained in place until | [[ | 1992 ]] , by which time four of its six constituent republics - [[ slovenia ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] and [[ bosnia | |||||
| 11 | april 7 ]] [[ 1963 ]] the ' ' ' [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( sfry ) ' ' ' . this remained in place until [[ 1992 | ]] | , by which time four of its six constituent republics - [[ slovenia ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] and [[ bosnia and herzegovina | |||||
| 12 | and herzegovina ]] - had seceded . * the third was called ' ' ' [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( fry ) ' ' ' and was formed in | [[ | 1992 ]] on the territory of the remaining republics of [[ serbia ]] ( including the autonomous provinces of [[ vojvodina ]] and of [[ kosovo ]] , officially known as | |||||
| 13 | ]] - had seceded . * the third was called ' ' ' [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( fry ) ' ' ' and was formed in [[ 1992 | ]] | on the territory of the remaining republics of [[ serbia ]] ( including the autonomous provinces of [[ vojvodina ]] and of [[ kosovo ]] , officially known as kosovo and | |||||
| 18 | [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' the goals of the yugoslav committee were partly reached by the end of the [[ world war i | first world war ]] in | [[ | 1918 ]] , when austria - hungary disintegrated , and the south slavs organized into the [[ state of slovenes , croats and serbs ]] . this short - lived state | |||||
| 19 | of yugoslavia ]] ' ' the goals of the yugoslav committee were partly reached by the end of the [[ world war i | first world war ]] in [[ 1918 | ]] | , when austria - hungary disintegrated , and the south slavs organized into the [[ state of slovenes , croats and serbs ]] . this short - lived state soon , | |||||
| 20 | to the royal dictatorship . the king was highly unpopular , particularly among non - serbs , and while on a visit to [[ marseille ]] , [[ france ]] in | [[ | 1934 ]] , he was assassinated by [[ imro | bulgarian nationalist and imro activist ]] velichko kerin ( more popular with his revolutionary pseudonym [[ vlado chernosemski ]] ) . | |||||
| 21 | royal dictatorship . the king was highly unpopular , particularly among non - serbs , and while on a visit to [[ marseille ]] , [[ france ]] in [[ 1934 | ]] | , he was assassinated by [[ imro | bulgarian nationalist and imro activist ]] velichko kerin ( more popular with his revolutionary pseudonym [[ vlado chernosemski ]] ) . his son | |||||
| 22 | state of croatia ]] was established as a nazi puppet - state , ruled by the catholic fascist militia known as the [[ ustaše ]] which actually came into existence in | [[ | 1929 ]] , but was relatively limited in its activities until [[ 1941 ]] . german troops occupied [[ bosnia - herzegovina ]] as well as part of [[ serbia ]] | |||||
| 23 | croatia ]] was established as a nazi puppet - state , ruled by the catholic fascist militia known as the [[ ustaše ]] which actually came into existence in [[ 1929 | ]] | , but was relatively limited in its activities until [[ 1941 ]] . german troops occupied [[ bosnia - herzegovina ]] as well as part of [[ serbia ]] and [[ | |||||
| 24 | , ruled by the catholic fascist militia known as the [[ ustaše ]] which actually came into existence in [[ 1929 ]] , but was relatively limited in its activities until | [[ | 1941 ]] . german troops occupied [[ bosnia - herzegovina ]] as well as part of [[ serbia ]] and [[ slovenia ]] , while other parts of the country were | |||||
| 25 | by the catholic fascist militia known as the [[ ustaše ]] which actually came into existence in [[ 1929 ]] , but was relatively limited in its activities until [[ 1941 | ]] | . german troops occupied [[ bosnia - herzegovina ]] as well as part of [[ serbia ]] and [[ slovenia ]] , while other parts of the country were occupied by | |||||
| 32 | . . jpg | thumb | 200px | [[ josip broz tito | marshal tito ]] led yugoslavia from the end of [[ world war ii ]] until his death in | [[ | 1980 ]] . ]] on [[ january 31 ]] , [[ 1946 ]] the new [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution ]] of [[ federal people | |||||
| 33 | jpg | thumb | 200px | [[ josip broz tito | marshal tito ]] led yugoslavia from the end of [[ world war ii ]] until his death in [[ 1980 | ]] | . ]] on [[ january 31 ]] , [[ 1946 ]] the new [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution ]] of [[ federal people ' s | |||||
| 34 | of zagreb and belgrade . [[ vojvodina ]] and [[ kosovo ]] form a part of the republic of [[ serbia ]] . the country distanced itself from the soviets in | [[ | 1948 ]] ( cf . [[ cominform ]] and [[ informbiro ]] ) and started to build its own way to [[ socialism ]] under strong political leadership of [[ josip | |||||
| 35 | and belgrade . [[ vojvodina ]] and [[ kosovo ]] form a part of the republic of [[ serbia ]] . the country distanced itself from the soviets in [[ 1948 | ]] | ( cf . [[ cominform ]] and [[ informbiro ]] ) and started to build its own way to [[ socialism ]] under strong political leadership of [[ josip broz tito | |||||
| 36 | country criticized both [[ eastern bloc | eastern bloc ]] and [[ nato ]] nations and , together with other countries , started the [[ non - aligned movement ]] in | [[ | 1961 ]] , which remained the official affiliation of the country until it dissolved . on [[ april 7 ]] , [[ 1963 ]] the nation changed its official name to | |||||
| 37 | both [[ eastern bloc | eastern bloc ]] and [[ nato ]] nations and , together with other countries , started the [[ non - aligned movement ]] in [[ 1961 | ]] | , which remained the official affiliation of the country until it dissolved . on [[ april 7 ]] , [[ 1963 ]] the nation changed its official name to [[ socialist | |||||
| 38 | but many key croatian representatives in the party silently supported this cause , so a new [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution ]] was ratified in | [[ | 1974 ]] that gave more rights to the individual republics and provinces . according to this constitution , individual republics had a right for self - determination , up to secession | |||||
| 39 | key croatian representatives in the party silently supported this cause , so a new [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution ]] was ratified in [[ 1974 | ]] | that gave more rights to the individual republics and provinces . according to this constitution , individual republics had a right for self - determination , up to secession , which | |||||
| 41 | self - determination , up to secession , which made later break - up easier . = = = breakup = = = after tito ' s death in [[ 1980 | ]] | , ethnic tensions grew in yugoslavia . some members of the [[ serbian academy of sciences and arts ]] drafted a memorandum in the 1980s that opposed the policy of the | |||||
| 44 | oriented towards independence ( under [[ milan kučan ]] and [[ franjo tuđman ]] , respectively ) , while serbia and montenegro elected candidates who favoured yugoslav unity . in march | [[ | 1990 ]] , the [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] ( jugoslovenska narodna armija , jna ) met with the presidency of yugoslavia ( an eight member council composed of | |||||
| 48 | yugoslavia . [ http : / / www . nato . int / ifor / un / u911127a . htm ] bosnia and herzegovina held a referendum on independence in early | [[ | 1992 ]] ; this vote was boycotted by the sizeable serb population there ( 35 % of bosnian population ) , which advocated continued union with yugoslavia . heavy pro - | |||||
| 49 | [ http : / / www . nato . int / ifor / un / u911127a . htm ] bosnia and herzegovina held a referendum on independence in early [[ 1992 | ]] | ; this vote was boycotted by the sizeable serb population there ( 35 % of bosnian population ) , which advocated continued union with yugoslavia . heavy pro - independence sentiment | |||||
| 51 | , [[ 1992 ]] , and it consisted of the former socialist republics of serbia and montenegro . the war in the western parts of former yugoslavia ended in [[ 1995 | ]] | with [[ united states | u . s . ]] - sponsored peace talks in [[ dayton , ohio ]] , with the so - called [[ dayton agreement ]] . | |||||
| 52 | united states | u . s . ]] - sponsored peace talks in [[ dayton , ohio ]] , with the so - called [[ dayton agreement ]] . starting in | [[ | 1996 ]] , the albanian organization [[ kosovo liberation army ]] started terrorist actions in the southern serbian province . the situation worsened , with the yugoslav reaction causing many ethnic | |||||
| 55 | , to the point that there was widespread violence and emigration . following the [[ racak incident ]] and unsuccessful [[ rambouillet agreement ]] in the early months of [[ 1999 | ]] | , nato proceeded to bombard serbia and montenegro for more than two months , until the milošević government submitted to their demands and withdrew its forces from kosovo . see [[ | |||||
| 56 | to recognize it as a part of serbia . milošević ' s rejection of claims of a first - round opposition victory in new elections for the federal presidency in september | [[ | 2000 ]] led to mass demonstrations in belgrade on october 5 and the collapse of the regime ' s authority . the opposition ' s candidate , reformed [[ nationalist ]] | |||||
| 61 | macedonia ]] * [[ serbia and montenegro ]] * [[ slovenia ]] the first former yugoslav republic that joined the [[ european union ]] was slovenia which applied in [[ 1996 | ]] | and became a member in [[ 2004 ]] . croatia applied for membership in [[ 2003 ]] , and could join before [[ 2010 ]] . macedonia applied in 2004 , | |||||
| 64 | yugoslav republic that joined the [[ european union ]] was slovenia which applied in [[ 1996 ]] and became a member in [[ 2004 ]] . croatia applied for membership in | [[ | 2003 ]] , and could join before [[ 2010 ]] . macedonia applied in 2004 , and will probably join by 2010 - [[ 2015 ]] . the remaining three republics | |||||
| 65 | that joined the [[ european union ]] was slovenia which applied in [[ 1996 ]] and became a member in [[ 2004 ]] . croatia applied for membership in [[ 2003 | ]] | , and could join before [[ 2010 ]] . macedonia applied in 2004 , and will probably join by 2010 - [[ 2015 ]] . the remaining three republics have yet | |||||
| 68 | ]] . croatia applied for membership in [[ 2003 ]] , and could join before [[ 2010 ]] . macedonia applied in 2004 , and will probably join by 2010 - | [[ | 2015 ]] . the remaining three republics have yet to apply so their acceptance generally isn ' t expected before 2015 . see also : [[ enlargement of the european union | |||||
| 32871630 | 1 | after him there were republic and province premiers and presidents , plus communist party presidents . people whom he did not favor varied greatly . slobodan penezić krčun served under tito | as chief of secret police in serbia | and then after he started to complain about tito ' s politics , he was found dead under unknown circumstances . aleksandar ranković lost all of his titles and rights after | ||||
| 32922260 | 1 | and central europe . the chetniks initially made notable incursions and were supported by the exiled royal government as well as the [[ allies ]] , but soon started to collaborate | ]] | with axis powers against nla . after allies realised that chetniks were helping germans they ceased to support them . the german response to resistance movement was to punish the civil | ||||
| 3 | . the chetniks initially made notable incursions and were supported by the exiled royal government as well as the [[ allies ]] , but soon started to collaborate with axis powers | ]] | against nla . after allies realised that chetniks were helping germans they ceased to support them . the german response to resistance movement was to punish the civil population by carrying | |||||
| 4 | chetniks initially made notable incursions and were supported by the exiled royal government as well as the [[ allies ]] , but soon started to collaborate with axis powers against nla | . | . after allies realised that chetniks were helping germans they ceased to support them . the german response to resistance movement was to punish the civil population by carrying out reprisal | |||||
| 33669006 | 0 | - named the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' in [[ january 6 ]] , 1929 and existed under that name until it was invaded in | [[ april 6 ]] , | 1941 by the [[ axis powers ]] . * the second was a [[ socialist state ]] established immediately after [[ world war ii ]] in 1945 as ' ' democratic | ||||
| 1 | kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' in [[ january 6 ]] , 1929 and existed under that name until it was invaded in 1941 by the [[ axis powers ]] | . capitulated only 11 days after , stopped exist [[ april 17 ]] , 1941 | . * the second was a [[ socialist state ]] established immediately after [[ world war ii ]] in 1945 as ' ' democratic federation of yugoslavia ( dfy ) ' | |||||
| 3 | [[ april 7 ]] [[ 1963 ]] the ' ' ' [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( sfry ) ' ' ' . this remained in place until 1992 | , [[ january 15 ]] | , by which time four of its six constituent republics - [[ slovenia ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] and [[ bosnia and herzegovina | |||||
| 33738425 | 15 | organized strikes which dovetailed into ethnic conflict between the albanians and the non - albanians in the province . by this time , the albanians had become the largest ethnic group | in kosovo | with over 90 % of the population . the principle slavs , mainly serbs , were fast reducing in size and would by 1999 be as little as 10 % of | ||||
| 32 | . [ http : / / www . nato . int / ifor / un / u911127a . htm ] bosnia and herzegovina held a referendum on independence in early 1992 | ; | . large areas of the republic was at | this vote was boycotted by the sizeable serb population there ( 35 % of bosnian population ) , which advocated continued union with yugoslavia . heavy pro - independence sentiment among | ||||
| 40 | involved in state politics . on june 25 , 1991 , slovenia and croatia became the first republics to declare independence from yugoslavia , but the international community pressured them to | place | a three - month [[ moratorium ]] on the decision in the [[ brioni agreement ]] , agreed upon by representatives of all republics . secession of the newly - formed | |||||
| 42 | / www . nato . int / ifor / un / u911127a . htm ] bosnia and herzegovina held a referendum on independence in early 1992 ; this vote was boycotted | by the sizeable serb population there ( 35 % of bosnian population ) , which advocated continued union with yugoslavia | . heavy pro - independence sentiment among bosnians muslims and croats resulted in a yes vote in the referendum . while everyone advocated that any decision had to be made with | |||||
| 33824642 | 2 | . [ http : / / www . nato . int / ifor / un / u911127a . htm ] bosnia and herzegovina held a referendum on independence in early 1992 | , which was illegal under bosnian constitution | . large areas of the republic was at this time under the control of serb militias supported by the yugoslav army . in these areas , the independence referendum was boycotted | ||||
| 4 | yugoslav army . in these areas , the independence referendum was boycotted . heavy pro - independence sentiment among bosnians muslims and croats resulted in a yes vote in the referendum | , though to this day it remains unclear whether the majority was large enough | . the referendum was declared valid , and the republic ' s government declared its independence . the serbs immediately declared the independence of [[ republika srpska ]] , and the | |||||
| 33836329 | 5 | . [ http : / / www . nato . int / ifor / un / u911127a . htm ] bosnia and herzegovina held a referendum on independence in early 1992 | , which was illegal under bosnian constitution | . large areas of the republic was at this time under the control of newly created [[ republika srpska | republika srpska of bosnia and herzegovina ]] supported by the yugoslav | ||||
| 6 | yugoslav army . in these areas , the independence referendum was boycotted . heavy pro - independence sentiment among bosnians muslims and croats resulted in a yes vote in the referendum | , though to this day it remains unclear whether the majority was large enough | . the referendum was declared valid , and the republic ' s government declared its independence . the serbs immediately declared the independence of republika srpska , and the war in | |||||
| 33953572 | 0 | yugoslav army . in these areas , the independence referendum was boycotted . heavy pro - independence sentiment among bosnians muslims and croats resulted in a yes vote in the referendum | , though to this day it remains unclear whether the majority was large enough | . the referendum was declared valid , and the republic ' s government declared its independence . the serbs immediately declared the independence of republika srpska , and the war in | ||||
| 34035074 | 1 | . [ http : / / www . nato . int / ifor / un / u911127a . htm ] bosnia and herzegovina held a referendum on independence in early 1992 | ]] | . large areas of the republic was at this time under the control of the newly created serb entity [[ republika srpska | republika srpska of bosnia and herzegovina ]] supported | ||||
| 16 | . starting in 1996 , the albanian organization [[ kosovo liberation army ]] started terrorist actions in the southern serbian province . the yugoslav reaction resulted in a large number of | force against | civilian deaths , and caused many ethnic - albanians to flee their homes , to the point that there was widespread violence and emigration . following the [[ racak incident ]] | |||||
| 20 | started terrorist actions in the southern serbian province . the yugoslav reaction resulted in a large number of civilian deaths , and caused many ethnic - albanians to flee their homes | , to the point that there was widespread violence and emigration | . following the [[ racak incident ]] and unsuccessful [[ rambouillet agreement ]] in the early months of 1999 , nato proceeded to bombard serbia and montenegro for more than two | |||||
| 36660567 | 1 | each republic and province had its own internal constitution , supreme court , parliament , president and prime minister . at the top of the yugoslav government was a collective presidency | was formed after tito ' s death in 1980 ) | , the federal prime minister , and the federal parliament . an important role was one of the president of the [[ communist party of yugoslavia ]] for each republic and | ||||
| 36976739 | 1 | - ' ' bosnia - a short history ' ' ( macmillan , 1994 ) = = further reading = = * the fall of yugoslavia : the third balkan war | ' ' | , [[ misha glenny ]] isbn 0 - 14 - 026101 - x = = external links = = * [ http : / / www . ericdigests . org / | ||||
| 37508256 | 0 | and [[ serbian language | serbian ]] cyrillic ' ' југославија ' ' ) is a term used for three separate but successive political entities that existed during most of the | [[ | 20th century ]] on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in [[ europe ]] . translated , the name means ' ' land of the south [[ slavs ]] ' ' ( | ||||
| 2 | = after tito ' s death in 1980 , ethnic tensions grew in yugoslavia . some members of the [[ serbian academy of sciences and arts ]] drafted a memorandum in | [[ | 1986 ]] that opposed the policy of the federation and promoted serbian nationalism in response to the perceived weak position of serbia in the federation . the [[ albanians | ethnic | |||||
| 3 | tito ' s death in 1980 , ethnic tensions grew in yugoslavia . some members of the [[ serbian academy of sciences and arts ]] drafted a memorandum in [[ 1986 | ]] | that opposed the policy of the federation and promoted serbian nationalism in response to the perceived weak position of serbia in the federation . the [[ albanians | ethnic albanian ]] | |||||
| 4 | the presidency . [[ image : smilo . jpg | frame | left | milošević ]] meanwhile [[ slovenia ]] , under the presidency of [[ milan kucan ]] had since | [[ | 1986 ]] been following a course of democratisation and economic liberalisation , which put it on a collision course with milošević ' policies . [[ croatia ]] later followed suit . | |||||
| 5 | . [[ image : smilo . jpg | frame | left | milošević ]] meanwhile [[ slovenia ]] , under the presidency of [[ milan kucan ]] had since [[ 1986 | ]] | been following a course of democratisation and economic liberalisation , which put it on a collision course with milošević ' policies . [[ croatia ]] later followed suit . in january | |||||
| 7 | was dissolved . following the fall of the soviet union in the rest of [[ eastern europe ]] , each of the republics held multi - party elections in [[ 1990 | ]] | . the unresolved issues remained . in particular , slovenia and croatia elected governments oriented towards independence ( under [[ milan kučan ]] and [[ franjo tuđman ]] , respectively ) | |||||
| 8 | declarations . during these three months , the yugoslav army completed its pull - out of slovenia , but in croatia , a bloody war broke out in the autumn of | [[ | 1991 ]] . ethnic serbs , who had created the [[ republic of serbian krajina ]] in heavily serb - populated regions , with the aid of the yugoslav army , | |||||
| 42217788 | 2 | and [[ serbian language | serbian ]] cyrillic ' ' југославија ' ' ) is a term used for three separate but successive political entities that existed during most of the | [[ | 20th century on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in [[ europe ]] . translated , the name means ' ' land of the south [[ slavs ]] ' ' ( ' | ||||
| 12 | ]] established immediately after [[ world war ii ]] in [[ november 29 ]] , 1945 as ' ' democratic federation of yugoslavia ( dfy ) ' ' , which in | [[ | 1946 became the ' ' federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ( fpry ) ' ' and in [[ april 7 ]] [[ 1963 ]] the ' ' ' [[ | |||||
| 13 | established immediately after [[ world war ii ]] in [[ november 29 ]] , 1945 as ' ' democratic federation of yugoslavia ( dfy ) ' ' , which in 1946 | ]] | became the ' ' federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ( fpry ) ' ' and in [[ april 7 ]] [[ 1963 ]] the ' ' ' [[ socialist | |||||
| 47838645 | 0 | : jasenovac1 . jpg | thumb | in the [[ independent state of croatia ]] , serbs , jews and gypsies were marched to the [[ jasenovac concentration camp ]] ]] | [[ image : radovna _ spomenik . jpg | thumb | a memorial erected to the memory of villagers of [[ radovna ]] ( [[ slovenia ]] ) , who were burned alive by the germans ]] | the [[ axis powers ]] occupied yugoslavia and split it up . the [[ independent state of croatia ]] was established as a nazi puppet - state , ruled by the | ||||
| 49267272 | 2 | = = after tito ' s death in 1980 , ethnic tensions grew in yugoslavia . some members of the [[ serbian academy of sciences and arts ]] drafted a memorandum | addressing these issues . it said unless timely steps were taken , these matters would prove catastrophic for entire country . it also addressed issues concerning position of serbs as the most numerous people | in 1986 that opposed the policy of the federation and promoted serbian nationalism in response to the perceived weak position of serbia in the federation . the [[ albanians | ethnic | ||||
| 12 | kosovo and metohija ]] was reduced , though both entities retained a vote in the yugoslav presidency council . as a result , milošević in effect now controlled three of the | which dovetailed into ethnic conflict between the albanians and | the eight votes in the presidency . [[ image : smilo . jpg | frame | left | [[ slobodan milošević ]] ]] meanwhile [[ slovenia ]] , under the presidency | |||||
| 13 | was reduced , though both entities retained a vote in the yugoslav presidency council . as a result , milošević in effect now controlled three of the eight votes in the | non - albanians | in the presidency . [[ image : smilo . jpg | frame | left | [[ slobodan milošević ]] ]] meanwhile [[ slovenia ]] , under the presidency of [[ milan | |||||
| 35 | ' s army took armed action , leading to a ten - day war , marking the beginning of the bloody [[ yugoslav wars ]] . at the end of the | federal executive council to which extent the army was to be used . after | ten days , the yugoslav army pulled out of slovenia . in the [[ brioni agreement ]] , agreed upon by representatives of all republics , the international community pressured slovenia | |||||
| 39 | = = breakup = = = after tito ' s death in 1980 , ethnic tensions grew in yugoslavia . some members of the [[ serbian academy of sciences and arts | ]] | drafted a memorandum in 1986 that opposed the policy of the federation and promoted serbian nationalism in response to the perceived weak position of serbia in the federation . the [[ | |||||
| 43 | kosovo and metohija ]] was reduced , though both entities retained a vote in the yugoslav presidency council . as a result , milošević in effect now controlled three of the | eight votes | in the presidency . [[ image : smilo . jpg | frame | left | [[ slobodan milošević ]] ]] meanwhile [[ slovenia ]] , under the presidency of [[ milan | |||||
| 49801930 | 4 | recognized borders . this was the start of the so - called [[ ten - day war ]] in slovenia . the yugoslav army first succeded in taking over most of | task was carried out within 48 hours . however , under orders , | the border posts , but they were subsequently re - taken by the slovenian forces . there was no political consensus within the federal executive council to which extent the army | ||||
| 50486261 | 3 | slovenian flag . following this , the federal executive council speifically ordered the army only to take control of the internationally recognized borders . given the enormous strength of the army | ]] forces based in barracks in slovenia and croatia | , the task was carried out within 48 hours . however , under orders , the yugoslav army did not carry live ammunition and the slovene territorial defence took advantage of | ||||
| 5 | federal executive council speifically ordered the army only to take control of the internationally recognized borders . given the enormous strength of the army , the task was carried out within | next | 48 hours . however , under orders , the yugoslav army did not carry live ammunition and the slovene territorial defence took advantage of this by shooting at young conscripts . | |||||
| 10 | paramilitary force ) seized the yugoslav border posts with austria and italy taking down yugoslav and raising slovenian flag . following this , the federal executive council speifically ordered the army | only | to take control of the internationally recognized borders . given the enormous strength of the army , the task was carried out within 48 hours . however , under orders , | |||||
| 11 | following this , the federal executive council speifically ordered the army only to take control of the internationally recognized borders . given the enormous strength of the army , the task | was carried out | within 48 hours . however , under orders , the yugoslav army did not carry live ammunition and the slovene territorial defence took advantage of this by shooting at young conscripts | |||||
| 50649733 | 6 | , so a new [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution ]] was ratified in 1974 that gave more rights to the individual republics and provinces . | according to | this constitution , individual republics had a right to self - determination , including secession , which made later break - up easier . = = = breakup = = = | ||||
| 51123816 | 23 | kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ]] " . in the chaotic conditions that followed the break - up of austria - hungary , the formation of the new state | right from the start . the croatian peasants ' party ( hss ) slowly grew to become a massive party endorsing croatian national interests and seeking confederation . the elections for the constituent assembly in november 1920 brought victory for the two main serbian parties . communists came third and croatian peasant party fourth . newly formed government was determined to push through a centralist constitution . in response , the croatian peasant party prepared a draft constitution for a neutral peasant republic of croatia . anyway constitution was voted on 28 june 1921 with the help of some minor parties including yugoslav muslim organization . shortly after the constitution was passed , old king peter died . he was succeeded by prince alexander . croats , | as soon as possible was a priority . disagreements over whether the new state should be a federation or a centralised state were put off for later . on [[ june | ||||
| 38 | = the first yugoslavia = = ' ' main article : [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' the goals of the yugoslav committee were partly reached by the end of | the [[ | world war i | first world war ]] in 1918 , when austria - hungary disintegrated , and the south slavs organized into the [[ state of slovenes , croats and | |||||
| 51267847 | 2 | and were supported by the exiled royal government as well as the [[ allies ]] , but soon started to [[ collaboration | collaborate ]] with [[ axis powers ]] against | serb civilian population . for a killed soldier , germans executed 100 civilians , for a wounded one , they killed 50 . following chetniks ' termination of war activities , the allies eventually switched to support the | nla . after the allies realised that the chetniks were helping the germans they ceased to support them . the german response to the resistance movement was to punish the civilian | ||||
| 51593056 | 4 | . after ten days and 76 victims the so called [[ ten - day war ]] for slovenia was over and jla army was forced back in the barracks . ceasefire | between the slovenian territorial defense forces and the yugoslav army | was agreed on . in the [[ brioni agreement ]] , agreed upon by representatives of all republics , the international community pressured slovenia and croatia to place a three - | ||||
| 51598172 | 5 | a state of paralysis , all the more hopeless as the conflict of interests between the republics had become irreconciable . not a single important decision that might have eased the | post - world war ii yugoslav state ' s stability : the joint concern of the ussr and the usa to maintain the integrity of yugoslavia as a neutral state on the frontiers of the super - power confrontation in europe | in store . legacy of constitution of 1974 threw the system of decision - making into a state of paralysis , all the more hopeless as the conflict of interests between | ||||
| 52763334 | 0 | in [[ kosovo ]] , throughout the 1990s the leadership of the albanian population had been pursuing tactics of non - violent resistance in order to achieve independence for the province | , oh yeah ! | in 1996 , radical albanians formed the [[ kosovo liberation army ]] ( considered a terrorist organisation by , among others , serbian authorities , and the u . s . | ||||
| 53085765 | 0 | kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ( first yugoslavia ) = = with the end of world war i and the downfall of austria - hungary and the ottoman empire | , | the conditions were met for proclaiming the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenians in december of 1918 . of the country ' s 12 million people , 4 . 6 | ||||
| 5 | able to free these people in istria . this duly came about in 1945 . however , the yugoslav slovenes benefited from the new state receiving all they had previously lacked | ; | , in addition to access to | high schools and university to boot . unlike the croats , the slovenes in the austro - hungarian empire had no historic claim to statehood , so there was no sense | ||||
| 19 | the [[ allies ]] , but soon restrained from taking wider actions due to german reprisals against serb civilian population . for a killed soldier , germans executed 100 civilians , | and | for a wounded one , they killed 50 . following chetniks ' termination of war activities , the allies eventually switched to support the nla . however , nla carried on | |||||
| 24 | provinces or banovinas . the banovinas were named after rivers . many politicians were jailed or kept under tight police surveillance . the effect of alexander ' s dictatorship was further | to | alienate the non - serbs of the kingdom . during an official visit to france in 1934 , the king was assassinated in marseilles by a macedonian with the cooperation of | |||||
| 53382554 | 3 | from taking wider actions due to german reprisals against the serb civilian population . for every one soldier killed , the germans executed 100 civilians , and for every one wounded | one | , they killed 50 . following chetniks ' termination of war activities , the allies eventually switched to support the nla . however , nla carried on its guerrilla warfare . | ||||
| 56069917 | 0 | launch of [[ operation barbarossa ]] was delayed by four weeks , which proved to be a costly decision . ) = = yugoslavia during the second world war = = | melsey ! ! ! | at 05 : 15 on [[ april 6 ]] [[ 1941 ]] , [[ nazi germany | german ]] , [[ italy | italian ]] , [[ hungary | hungarian ]] | ||||
| 56069927 | 0 | launch of [[ operation barbarossa ]] was delayed by four weeks , which proved to be a costly decision . ) = = yugoslavia during the second world war = = | melsey ! ! ! | at 05 : 15 on [[ april 6 ]] [[ 1941 ]] , [[ nazi germany | german ]] , [[ italy | italian ]] , [[ hungary | hungarian ]] | ||||
| 56639306 | 0 | was marked by growing intolerance between the principal figures , by the aggressive attitude of the totalitarian regimes and by the certainty that the order set up after world war i | is | was losing its strongholds and its sponsors were losing their strength . supported and pressured by fascist italy and nazi germany , croatian leader vlatko macek and his party managed the | ||||
| 56642958 | 10 | organization . alexander was succeeded by his eleven year old son peter ii and a regency council headed by his cousin prince paul . the international political scene in the late | 1930 ' s | 1930s | was marked by growing intolerance between the principal figures , by the aggressive attitude of the totalitarian regimes and by the certainty that the order set up after world war i | |||
| 28 | world war i and the downfall of austria - hungary and the ottoman empire , the conditions were met for proclaiming the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenians in december | of | 1918 . of the country ' s 12 million people , 4 . 6 million or 38 . 8 per cent were serbs and 2 . 8 million or 23 . | |||||
| 56714534 | 2 | in [[ kosovo ]] , throughout the 1990s the leadership of the albanian population had been pursuing tactics of non - violent resistance in order to achieve independence for the province | . | in 1996 , radical albanians formed the [[ kosovo liberation army ]] ( considered a terrorist organisation by , among others , serbian authorities , and the u . s . | ||||
| 7 | ii ]] in [[ november 29 ]] , [[ 1945 ]] as ' ' democratic federation of yugoslavia ( dfy ) ' ' , which in [[ 1946 ]] became the | ' ' | federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ( fpry ) ' ' and then the ' ' ' [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] . ' ' ' * the | |||||
| 56793626 | 0 | serb civilian population . for every killed soldier , the germans executed 100 civilians , and for each wounded , they killed 50 . following chetniks ' termination of war activities | against the germans , reported atrocities against non - serb population and frequent collaboration with italians and ( less frequently ) germans against the nla | , the allies eventually switched to support the nla . however , nla carried on its guerrilla warfare . this led to great civilian loss of life in most regions of | ||||
| 57320182 | 11 | ]] , 86 percent of eligible montenegran voters turned out for a special referrundum on the independence of the montenagran republic from federal union with serbia . they voted 55 . | 4 | 5 | % for independence , recognized as above the 55 % threshold set by the [[ european union ]] for formal recognition of the independence of montenegro . on [[ june 3 | |||
| 57708151 | 0 | july 1917 , the yugoslav committee met with the serbian government in corfu and on [[ 20 july ]] a declaration that laid foundation of the post - war state was | issused | issued | . the preamble stated that the serbs , croats and slovenes were " the same by blood , by language , by the feelings of their unity , by the continuity | |||
| 59357381 | 0 | launch of [[ operation barbarossa ]] was delayed by four weeks , which proved to be a costly decision . ) = = yugoslavia during the second world war = = | ' ' main article : ' ' [[ civil war in yugoslavia ( 1941 - 1945 ) ]] | at 05 : 15 on [[ april 6 ]] [[ 1941 ]] , [[ nazi germany | german ]] , [[ italy | italian ]] , [[ hungary | hungarian ]] | ||||
| 59612233 | 6 | after [[ world war ii ]] in [[ november 29 ]] , [[ 1945 ]] as democratic federation of yugoslavia ( dfy ) , which in [[ 1946 ]] became the | ' ' ' | federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ( fpry ) . # the ' ' ' [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( fry ) ' ' ' was formed in | ||||
| 60150860 | 0 | shock therapy programme . indeed , it is likely that the internal dynamics towards yugoslav collapse into civil war may have been inadvertently accelerated by the actions of the [[ george | h . w . | bush | bush ]] administration . the few european states with strategic interests in the yugoslav theatre tended to favour fragmentation . it would be wrong , of course , to | ||||
| 63135279 | 10 | and montenegro and establish itself as an independent state . montenegro officially declared its independence on [[ june 3 ]] , [[ 2006 ]] , while serbia declared independence on june | 5 | 5th | , thereby ending the last vestiges of the former yugoslav federation . _ _ toc _ _ {{ splitsection | history of yugoslavia }} = = background = = during the | |||
| 63135388 | 7 | [[ november 29 ]] , [[ 1945 ]] as the ' ' ' democratic federation of yugoslavia ( dfy ) ' ' ' , which in [[ 1946 ]] became the | ' | ' ' federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ( fpry ) ' ' ' . it is also known as the second yugoslavia . ethnic conflicts and the declaration of | ||||
| 63136524 | 0 | , thereby ending the last remnants of the former yugoslav federation . _ _ toc _ _ {{ splitsection | history of yugoslavia }} = = background = = during the | first ideas of a state for all south slavs emerged in the late [[ 19th century | 19th ]] and | early period of the world war one ( 1914 ) , a number of prominent political figures ( [[ ante trumbić ]] , [[ frano supilo ]] , [[ ivan meštrović | ||||
| 63138218 | 1 | the time ) , its more immediate concern was to head off italian claims in [[ istria ]] and [[ dalmatia ]] . this was a very real concern . in | [[ | 1915 , the allies had lured the italians into the war with promise of substantial territorial gains in exchange . according to the secret treaty of london these included istria and | ||||
| 2 | time ) , its more immediate concern was to head off italian claims in [[ istria ]] and [[ dalmatia ]] . this was a very real concern . in 1915 | ]] | , the allies had lured the italians into the war with promise of substantial territorial gains in exchange . according to the secret treaty of london these included istria and large | |||||
| 10 | offered serbia lands that had not been reserved for italians . these included bosnia , herzegovina , slavonia , bačka and parts of dalmatia . croat members of the committee feared | a | carve - up of croat lands between serbia and italy . there were also quarrels about the designation and command of units of south slav pows in russia now being mobilised | |||||
| 12 | of units of south slav pows in russia now being mobilised to fight with the allies . the yugoslav committee wanted them to fight in the yugoslav name , while pašić | ]] | ( prime minister of serbia ) seeing in this a " croat army " , wanted them to fight under the serbian flag . however , during june and july 1917 | |||||
| 63327901 | 2 | december 1918 in belgrade . = = kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ( first yugoslavia ) = = {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia }} with the end of | [[ | world war i and the downfall of austria - hungary and the ottoman empire , the conditions were met for proclaiming the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenians in december | ||||
| 3 | belgrade . = = kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ( first yugoslavia ) = = {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia }} with the end of world war i | ]] | and the downfall of austria - hungary and the ottoman empire , the conditions were met for proclaiming the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenians in december 1918 . of | |||||
| 7 | ( first yugoslavia ) = = {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia }} with the end of world war i and the downfall of austria - hungary and the ottoman empire | ]] | , the conditions were met for proclaiming the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenians in december 1918 . of the country ' s 12 million people , 4 . 6 | |||||
| 9 | world war i and the downfall of austria - hungary and the ottoman empire , the conditions were met for proclaiming the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenians in december | ]] [[ | 1918 . of the country ' s 12 million people , 4 . 6 million ( 38 . 8 percent ) were serbs and 2 . 8 million ( 23 . | |||||
| 19 | . the croatian peasants ' party ( hss ) slowly grew to become a massive party endorsing croatian national interests and seeking confederation . the elections for the constituent assembly in | [[ | november 1920 brought victory for the two main serbian parties . communists came third and croatian peasant party fourth . the newly formed government was determined to push through a centralist | |||||
| 20 | the croatian peasants ' party ( hss ) slowly grew to become a massive party endorsing croatian national interests and seeking confederation . the elections for the constituent assembly in november | ]] [[ | 1920 brought victory for the two main serbian parties . communists came third and croatian peasant party fourth . the newly formed government was determined to push through a centralist constitution | |||||
| 21 | croatian peasants ' party ( hss ) slowly grew to become a massive party endorsing croatian national interests and seeking confederation . the elections for the constituent assembly in november 1920 | ]] | brought victory for the two main serbian parties . communists came third and croatian peasant party fourth . the newly formed government was determined to push through a centralist constitution . | |||||
| 26 | through a centralist constitution . in response , the croatian peasant party prepared a draft constitution for a neutral peasant republic of croatia . the constitution was passed by vote on | 28 | [[ | june 1921 with the help of some minor parties including the yugoslav muslim organization . shortly after the constitution was passed , old king peter died . he was succeeded by | ||||
| 39 | and universities . unlike the croats , the slovenes in the austro - hungarian empire had no historic claim to statehood , so there was no sense of loss to belgrade | ]] | . during the 1920s , serbo - croat wrangle continued and on 20 june 1928 , after months of rows and even fist - fights in parliament , puniša račić , | |||||
| 56 | executive power and renamed the country yugoslavia . he hoped to curb separatist tendencies and mitigate nationalist passions . however , the balance of power changed in international relations : in | [[ | italy and germany , fascists and nazis rose to power , and stalin became the absolute ruler in the soviet union . none of these three states favoured the policy pursued | |||||
| 57 | power and renamed the country yugoslavia . he hoped to curb separatist tendencies and mitigate nationalist passions . however , the balance of power changed in international relations : in italy | ]] | and germany , fascists and nazis rose to power , and stalin became the absolute ruler in the soviet union . none of these three states favoured the policy pursued by | |||||
| 58 | and renamed the country yugoslavia . he hoped to curb separatist tendencies and mitigate nationalist passions . however , the balance of power changed in international relations : in italy and | [[ | germany , fascists and nazis rose to power , and stalin became the absolute ruler in the soviet union . none of these three states favoured the policy pursued by aleksandar | |||||
| 61 | country yugoslavia . he hoped to curb separatist tendencies and mitigate nationalist passions . however , the balance of power changed in international relations : in italy and germany , fascists | ]] | and nazis rose to power , and stalin became the absolute ruler in the soviet union . none of these three states favoured the policy pursued by aleksandar i . in | |||||
| 63 | . he hoped to curb separatist tendencies and mitigate nationalist passions . however , the balance of power changed in international relations : in italy and germany , fascists and nazis | ]] | rose to power , and stalin became the absolute ruler in the soviet union . none of these three states favoured the policy pursued by aleksandar i . in fact , | |||||
| 66 | however , the balance of power changed in international relations : in italy and germany , fascists and nazis rose to power , and stalin became the absolute ruler in the | [[ | soviet union . none of these three states favoured the policy pursued by aleksandar i . in fact , the first two wanted to revise the international treaties signed after world | |||||
| 67 | the balance of power changed in international relations : in italy and germany , fascists and nazis rose to power , and stalin became the absolute ruler in the soviet union | ]] | . none of these three states favoured the policy pursued by aleksandar i . in fact , the first two wanted to revise the international treaties signed after world war i | |||||
| 68 | aleksandar i . in fact , the first two wanted to revise the international treaties signed after world war i , and the soviets were determined to regain their positions in | [[ | europe and pursue a more active international policy . yugoslavia was an obstacle for these plans and king aleksandar i was the pillar of the yugoslav policy . alexander attempted to | |||||
| 69 | i . in fact , the first two wanted to revise the international treaties signed after world war i , and the soviets were determined to regain their positions in europe | ]] | and pursue a more active international policy . yugoslavia was an obstacle for these plans and king aleksandar i was the pillar of the yugoslav policy . alexander attempted to create | |||||
| 76 | , the king was assassinated in marseilles by a macedonian with the cooperation of the ustashi - a croatian separatist organization . alexander was succeeded by his eleven year old son | [[ | peter ii and a regency council headed by his cousin prince paul . the international political scene in the late 1930s was marked by growing intolerance between the principal figures , | |||||
| 80 | by his cousin prince paul . the international political scene in the late 1930s was marked by growing intolerance between the principal figures , by the aggressive attitude of the totalitarian | ]] | regimes and by the certainty that the order set up after world war i was losing its strongholds and its sponsors were losing their strength . supported and pressured by fascist | |||||
| 82 | and by the certainty that the order set up after world war i was losing its strongholds and its sponsors were losing their strength . supported and pressured by fascist italy | ]] | and nazi germany , croatian leader vlatko macek and his party managed the creation of the croatian banovina ( administrative province ) in 1939 . the agreement specified that croatia was | |||||
| 89 | strength . supported and pressured by fascist italy and nazi germany , croatian leader vlatko macek and his party managed the creation of the croatian banovina ( administrative province ) in | [[ | 1939 . the agreement specified that croatia was to remain part of yugoslavia , but it was hurriedly building an independent political identity in international relations . prince paul submitted to | |||||
| 90 | . supported and pressured by fascist italy and nazi germany , croatian leader vlatko macek and his party managed the creation of the croatian banovina ( administrative province ) in 1939 | ]] | . the agreement specified that croatia was to remain part of yugoslavia , but it was hurriedly building an independent political identity in international relations . prince paul submitted to the | |||||
| 94 | 27 ]] . army general [[ dušan simović ]] seized power , arrested the vienna delegation , exiled paul , and ended the regency , giving 17 year old king peter | ]] | full powers . [[ adolf hitler | hitler ]] then decided to attack yugoslavia on [[ april 6 ]] , followed immediately by an invasion of [[ greece ]] where mussolini | |||||
| 63330276 | 4 | be a costly decision . ) = = yugoslavia during the second world war = = ' ' main article : ' ' [[ yugoslavia during world war ii ]] at | 05 | 5 | : 15 on [[ april 6 ]] [[ 1941 ]] , [[ nazi germany | german ]] , [[ italy | italian ]] , [[ hungary | hungarian ]] , and | |||
| 15 | yugoslav officers and soldiers were taken prisoners . [[ image : jasenovac1 . jpg | thumb | in the [[ independent state of croatia ]] , serbs , jews and gypsies | ]] | were marched to the [[ jasenovac concentration camp ]] ]] [[ image : radovna _ spomenik . jpg | thumb | a memorial erected to the memory of villagers of [[ | |||||
| 18 | axis powers ]] occupied yugoslavia and split it up . the [[ independent state of croatia ]] was established as a nazi puppet - state , ruled by the catholic fascist | ]] | militia known as the [[ ustaše ]] that came into existence in 1929 , but was relatively limited in its activities until 1941 . german troops occupied bosnia and herzegovina as | |||||
| 44 | yugoslavia in 1945 . the [[ red army ]] aided in liberating [[ belgrade ]] as well as some other territories , but withdrew after the war was over . in | [[ | may 1945 , nla met with allied forces outside former yugoslav borders , after taking over also [[ trieste ]] and parts of [[ austria | austrian ]] southern provinces [[ | |||||
| 45 | in 1945 . the [[ red army ]] aided in liberating [[ belgrade ]] as well as some other territories , but withdrew after the war was over . in may | ]] | 1945 , nla met with allied forces outside former yugoslav borders , after taking over also [[ trieste ]] and parts of [[ austria | austrian ]] southern provinces [[ styria | |||||
| 47 | ]] . this was the territory populated predominantly by [[ slovenians ]] ( and [[ croats ]] in [[ istria ]] ) . however , the nla withdrew from trieste in | [[ | june of the same year . westerner attempts to reunite the partisans , who denied supremacy of the old government of the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , and the emigration | |||||
| 48 | . this was the territory populated predominantly by [[ slovenians ]] ( and [[ croats ]] in [[ istria ]] ) . however , the nla withdrew from trieste in june | ]] | of the same year . westerner attempts to reunite the partisans , who denied supremacy of the old government of the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , and the emigration loyal | |||||
| 52 | proved to be a costly decision . ) = = yugoslavia during the second world war = = ' ' main article : ' ' [[ yugoslavia during world war ii | ]] | at 05 : 15 on [[ april 6 ]] [[ 1941 ]] , [[ nazi germany | german ]] , [[ italy | italian ]] , [[ hungary | hungarian ]] | |||||
| 63331191 | 6 | constitution ]] of [[ federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ]] , modeling the [[ soviet union ]] , established six constituent republics and two autonomous provinces . the republics | and provinces | were : * [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] * [[ croatia ]] * [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] * [[ montenegro ]] * [[ serbia ]] * [[ slovenia | ||||
| 63336055 | 0 | istria and large parts of dalmatia , where relatively small numbers of italians lived compared to the surrounding slavs . [[ image : landsforserbia . png | thumb | right | | 200px | 300px | | lands offered to serbia by the allies in 1915 . in london ]] although in 1915 the serbian assembly had pledged itself to work for the liberation of all [[ | |||
| 63517403 | 0 | of zagreb and belgrade . [[ vojvodina ]] and [[ kosovo ]] form a part of the republic of [[ serbia ]] . the country distanced itself from the soviets in | [[ | 1948 ( cf . [[ cominform ]] and [[ informbiro ]] ) and started to build its own way to [[ socialism ]] under strong political leadership of [[ josip broz | ||||
| 1 | zagreb and belgrade . [[ vojvodina ]] and [[ kosovo ]] form a part of the republic of [[ serbia ]] . the country distanced itself from the soviets in 1948 | ]] | ( cf . [[ cominform ]] and [[ informbiro ]] ) and started to build its own way to [[ socialism ]] under strong political leadership of [[ josip broz tito | |||||
| 2 | ]] . the country criticized both [[ eastern bloc ]] and [[ nato ]] nations and , together with other countries , started the [[ non - aligned movement ]] in | [[ | 1961 , which remained the official affiliation of the country until it dissolved . although rigorously socialist in developing her industrial base , yugoslavia allowed a certain amount of capitalist incursions | |||||
| 3 | . the country criticized both [[ eastern bloc ]] and [[ nato ]] nations and , together with other countries , started the [[ non - aligned movement ]] in 1961 | ]] | , which remained the official affiliation of the country until it dissolved . although rigorously socialist in developing her industrial base , yugoslavia allowed a certain amount of capitalist incursions , | |||||
| 5 | of pluralism . this openness to western investment , however , sowed the seeds of the federation ' s demise . meanwhile , yugoslavia enjoyed stability and peace . throughout the | [[ | 1960s and 1970s , the growth of yugoslavia ' s gross domestic product averaged 6 . 1 % . there was 91 % literacy and an average life expectancy of 72 | |||||
| 6 | pluralism . this openness to western investment , however , sowed the seeds of the federation ' s demise . meanwhile , yugoslavia enjoyed stability and peace . throughout the 1960s | ]] | and 1970s , the growth of yugoslavia ' s gross domestic product averaged 6 . 1 % . there was 91 % literacy and an average life expectancy of 72 years | |||||
| 7 | . this openness to western investment , however , sowed the seeds of the federation ' s demise . meanwhile , yugoslavia enjoyed stability and peace . throughout the 1960s and | [[ | 1970s , the growth of yugoslavia ' s gross domestic product averaged 6 . 1 % . there was 91 % literacy and an average life expectancy of 72 years . | |||||
| 8 | this openness to western investment , however , sowed the seeds of the federation ' s demise . meanwhile , yugoslavia enjoyed stability and peace . throughout the 1960s and 1970s | ]] | , the growth of yugoslavia ' s gross domestic product averaged 6 . 1 % . there was 91 % literacy and an average life expectancy of 72 years . the | |||||
| 10 | seeds of the federation ' s demise . meanwhile , yugoslavia enjoyed stability and peace . throughout the 1960s and 1970s , the growth of yugoslavia ' s gross domestic product | ]] | averaged 6 . 1 % . there was 91 % literacy and an average life expectancy of 72 years . the state provided housing , health care , education , and | |||||
| 11 | the state provided housing , health care , education , and child care . citizens lived well on a per capita income of $ 3 , 000 a year ( in | [[ | 1980 dollars ) , with one month paid vacation , plus a year ' s maternity leave , if needed . respect for workers was a central concern of government and | |||||
| 12 | state provided housing , health care , education , and child care . citizens lived well on a per capita income of $ 3 , 000 a year ( in 1980 | ]] | dollars ) , with one month paid vacation , plus a year ' s maternity leave , if needed . respect for workers was a central concern of government and society | |||||
| 19 | or [[ stane dolanc ]] , were more important than the prime minister . the suppression of national identities escalated with the so - called [[ croatian spring ]] of 1970 | ]] | - 71 , when students in zagreb organized demonstrations for greater civil liberties and greater croatian autonomy . the regime stifled the public protest and incarcerated the leaders , but many | |||||
| 20 | [[ stane dolanc ]] , were more important than the prime minister . the suppression of national identities escalated with the so - called [[ croatian spring ]] of 1970 - | 71 | [[ 1971 ]] | , when students in zagreb organized demonstrations for greater civil liberties and greater croatian autonomy . the regime stifled the public protest and incarcerated the leaders , but many key croatian | ||||
| 22 | more important than the prime minister . the suppression of national identities escalated with the so - called [[ croatian spring ]] of 1970 - 71 , when students in zagreb | ]] | organized demonstrations for greater civil liberties and greater croatian autonomy . the regime stifled the public protest and incarcerated the leaders , but many key croatian representatives in the party silently | |||||
| 25 | cause , so a new [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution ]] was ratified in 1974 that gave more rights to the individual republics and provinces | in serbia | . = = = ethnic tensions and economic crisis = = = the post - world war two yugoslavia was in many respects a model of how to build a multinational | |||||
| 30 | respects a model of how to build a multinational state . the federation was constructed against a double background : an inter - war yugoslavia which had been dominated by serbian | ]] | ruling class ; and a war - time slaughter in which the nazis made use of the earlier serbian oppression to use croatian fascism for barbarous slaughter and also exploited anti | |||||
| 31 | federation was constructed against a double background : an inter - war yugoslavia which had been dominated by serbian ruling class ; and a war - time slaughter in which the | [[ | nazis made use of the earlier serbian oppression to use croatian fascism for barbarous slaughter and also exploited anti - serb sentiment amongst the kosovo albanian - and some elements in | |||||
| 32 | was constructed against a double background : an inter - war yugoslavia which had been dominated by serbian ruling class ; and a war - time slaughter in which the nazis | ]] | made use of the earlier serbian oppression to use croatian fascism for barbarous slaughter and also exploited anti - serb sentiment amongst the kosovo albanian - and some elements in the | |||||
| 43 | population to bolster their rule . there had been one structural element in the post - world war ii yugoslav state ' s stability : the joint concern of the ussr | ]] | and the usa to maintain the integrity of yugoslavia as a neutral state on the frontiers of the super - power confrontation in europe . the economic crisis was the product | |||||
| 44 | bolster their rule . there had been one structural element in the post - world war ii yugoslav state ' s stability : the joint concern of the ussr and the | [[ united states | | usa to maintain the integrity of yugoslavia as a neutral state on the frontiers of the super - power confrontation in europe . the economic crisis was the product of disastrous | |||||
| 45 | their rule . there had been one structural element in the post - world war ii yugoslav state ' s stability : the joint concern of the ussr and the usa | ]] | to maintain the integrity of yugoslavia as a neutral state on the frontiers of the super - power confrontation in europe . the economic crisis was the product of disastrous errors | |||||
| 47 | in order to fund growth through exports . western economies then entered recession , blocked yugoslav exports and created a huge debt problem . the yugoslav government then accepted the imf | ]] | ' s conditionalities which shifted the burden of the crisis onto the yugoslav working class . simultaneously , strong social groups emerged within the yugoslav communist party , allied to western | |||||
| 50 | onto the yugoslav working class . simultaneously , strong social groups emerged within the yugoslav communist party , allied to western business , banking and state interests and began pushing towards | [[ | neoliberalism , to the delight of the us . it was the reagan administration which , in 1984 , had adopted " shock therapy " proposal to push yugoslavia towards a | |||||
| 51 | the yugoslav working class . simultaneously , strong social groups emerged within the yugoslav communist party , allied to western business , banking and state interests and began pushing towards neoliberalism | ]] | , to the delight of the us . it was the reagan administration which , in 1984 , had adopted " shock therapy " proposal to push yugoslavia towards a capitalist | |||||
| 54 | , allied to western business , banking and state interests and began pushing towards neoliberalism , to the delight of the us . it was the reagan administration which , in | [[ | 1984 , had adopted " shock therapy " proposal to push yugoslavia towards a capitalist restoration . this , naturally , undermined a central pillar of the state : the socialist | |||||
| 55 | allied to western business , banking and state interests and began pushing towards neoliberalism , to the delight of the us . it was the reagan administration which , in 1984 | ]] | , had adopted " shock therapy " proposal to push yugoslavia towards a capitalist restoration . this , naturally , undermined a central pillar of the state : the socialist link | |||||
| 62 | always been weakest and where the economic crisis was most intense , there was an uprising demanding full republican status for kosovo , as well as unification with albania . in | [[ | 1989 jeffrey sachs was in yugoslavia helping the federal government under [[ ante marković ]] prepare the imf / world bank shock therapy package , which was then introduced in 1990 | |||||
| 65 | status for kosovo , as well as unification with albania . in 1989 jeffrey sachs was in yugoslavia helping the federal government under [[ ante marković ]] prepare the imf / | [[ | world bank shock therapy package , which was then introduced in 1990 just at the time when the crucial parliamentary elections were being held in the various republics . one aspect | |||||
| 66 | kosovo , as well as unification with albania . in 1989 jeffrey sachs was in yugoslavia helping the federal government under [[ ante marković ]] prepare the imf / world bank | group | world bank ]] " | shock therapy package , which was then introduced in 1990 just at the time when the crucial parliamentary elections were being held in the various republics . one aspect of yugoslavia | |||||
| 68 | in 1989 jeffrey sachs was in yugoslavia helping the federal government under [[ ante marković ]] prepare the imf / world bank shock therapy package , which was then introduced in | [[ | 1990 just at the time when the crucial parliamentary elections were being held in the various republics . one aspect of yugoslavia ' s shock therapy programme was both unique within | |||||
| 69 | 1989 jeffrey sachs was in yugoslavia helping the federal government under [[ ante marković ]] prepare the imf / world bank shock therapy package , which was then introduced in 1990 | ]] | just at the time when the crucial parliamentary elections were being held in the various republics . one aspect of yugoslavia ' s shock therapy programme was both unique within the | |||||
| 96 | ' join europe ' . the appeal of milosević in serbia was based around the idea that the west was acting against the serbian people ' s interests . these nationalist | ]] | appeals were ultimately successful : in every republic , beginning with slovenia and croatia in the spring , governments ignored the monetary restrictions of marković ' s stabilisation programme in order | |||||
| 63521475 | 1 | thrown into crisis . = = = breakup = = = {{ npov - section }} {{ wikify - date | june 2006 }} after tito ' s death in 1980 | ]] | , ethnic tensions grew in yugoslavia . the legacy of the constitution of 1974 threw the system of decision - making into a state of paralysis , all the more hopeless | ||||
| 2 | into crisis . = = = breakup = = = {{ npov - section }} {{ wikify - date | june 2006 }} after tito ' s death in 1980 , | [[ | ethnic tensions grew in yugoslavia . the legacy of the constitution of 1974 threw the system of decision - making into a state of paralysis , all the more hopeless as | |||||
| 4 | {{ npov - section }} {{ wikify - date | june 2006 }} after tito ' s death in 1980 , ethnic tensions grew in yugoslavia . the legacy of the | [[ | constitution of 1974 threw the system of decision - making into a state of paralysis , all the more hopeless as the conflict of interests between the republics had become irreconcilable | |||||
| 6 | section }} {{ wikify - date | june 2006 }} after tito ' s death in 1980 , ethnic tensions grew in yugoslavia . the legacy of the constitution of 1974 | ]] | threw the system of decision - making into a state of paralysis , all the more hopeless as the conflict of interests between the republics had become irreconcilable . the constitutional | |||||
| 12 | this was then used by social groups in yugoslavia and in the west to undermine the collectivised core of the economy and push yugoslavia towards a capitalist restoration . some european | ]] | governments actually had their interests and wanted the break - up of yugoslavia , something not true in the case of any other part of east central europe at that time | |||||
| 13 | a capitalist restoration . some european governments actually had their interests and wanted the break - up of yugoslavia , something not true in the case of any other part of | [[ eastern europe | | east central europe at that time . their pressure thus combined with the general western drive for capitalism to speed the break - up during 1989 - 90 . on one | |||||
| 14 | capitalist restoration . some european governments actually had their interests and wanted the break - up of yugoslavia , something not true in the case of any other part of east | ]] [[ | central europe at that time . their pressure thus combined with the general western drive for capitalism to speed the break - up during 1989 - 90 . on one side | |||||
| 15 | . some european governments actually had their interests and wanted the break - up of yugoslavia , something not true in the case of any other part of east central europe | | central ]] [[ europe ]] | at that time . their pressure thus combined with the general western drive for capitalism to speed the break - up during 1989 - 90 . on one side were a | |||||
| 20 | - up during 1989 - 90 . on one side were a number of european states eager to gain independence for slovenia and croatia ; on the other side was the | [[ | united states , eager to ensure that yugoslavia paid its debts to western banks and ' globalised ' its political economy through shock therapy in order to ensure a regime in | |||||
| 21 | during 1989 - 90 . on one side were a number of european states eager to gain independence for slovenia and croatia ; on the other side was the united states | ]] | , eager to ensure that yugoslavia paid its debts to western banks and ' globalised ' its political economy through shock therapy in order to ensure a regime in the country | |||||
| 34 | the forces eager to see the break - up of yugoslavia through independence for slovenia and croatia were the vatican , austria , hungary , germany and , more ambivalently , | [[ | italy . since the mid - 1980s , the vatican and austria had started an active campaign in east central and eastern europe to rebuild their influence there and by 1989 | |||||
| 35 | forces eager to see the break - up of yugoslavia through independence for slovenia and croatia were the vatican , austria , hungary , germany and , more ambivalently , italy | ]] | . since the mid - 1980s , the vatican and austria had started an active campaign in east central and eastern europe to rebuild their influence there and by 1989 - | |||||
| 38 | was to expand austria ' s regional influence since it " saw the yugoslav crisis as an auspicious moment for self - assertion " . in the summer of 1991 the | [[ european council | | ec was finally prompted to warn austria that if it continued its energetic efforts to break up yugoslavia it would be excluded from eventual ec membership but even that threat did | |||||
| 39 | to expand austria ' s regional influence since it " saw the yugoslav crisis as an auspicious moment for self - assertion " . in the summer of 1991 the ec | ]] | was finally prompted to warn austria that if it continued its energetic efforts to break up yugoslavia it would be excluded from eventual ec membership but even that threat did not | |||||
| 49 | hungarian goals vis a vis serbia ' s vojvodina province . these manoeuvres by austria and hungary to break up yugoslavia were , of course , then overshadowed by the german | ]] | government ' s drive to derecognise yugoslavia through giving recognition to slovenia and croatia . the german government ' s open championing of yugoslavia ' s break - up did not | |||||
| 50 | open championing of yugoslavia ' s break - up did not occur until the late spring of 1991 , but long before that both slovenia and croatia were getting encouragement from | [[ | bonn for their efforts . there was thus a focused and co - ordinated coalition involving austria , germany , hungary and the vatican all pushing for the same goal : | |||||
| 51 | championing of yugoslavia ' s break - up did not occur until the late spring of 1991 , but long before that both slovenia and croatia were getting encouragement from bonn | ]] | for their efforts . there was thus a focused and co - ordinated coalition involving austria , germany , hungary and the vatican all pushing for the same goal : yugoslavia | |||||
| 53 | the same goal : yugoslavia ' s break up . this campaign was not , of course , supported by the united states . it championed yugoslav unity as did britain | ]] | and france . but for the us unity was not the main thing : its policy was principally governed by its concern to ensure the imposition of shock therapy on the | |||||
| 54 | same goal : yugoslavia ' s break up . this campaign was not , of course , supported by the united states . it championed yugoslav unity as did britain and | [[ | france . but for the us unity was not the main thing : its policy was principally governed by its concern to ensure the imposition of shock therapy on the country | |||||
| 55 | goal : yugoslavia ' s break up . this campaign was not , of course , supported by the united states . it championed yugoslav unity as did britain and france | ]] | . but for the us unity was not the main thing : its policy was principally governed by its concern to ensure the imposition of shock therapy on the country as | |||||
| 58 | flaws which helped to generate the collapse . many would argue that the decentralised market socialism was a disastrous experiment for a state in yugoslavia ' s geopolitical situation . the | [[ | 1974 constitution , though better for the kosovar albanians , gave too much to the republics , crippling the institutional and material power of the federal government . tito ' s | |||||
| 59 | which helped to generate the collapse . many would argue that the decentralised market socialism was a disastrous experiment for a state in yugoslavia ' s geopolitical situation . the 1974 | ]] | constitution , though better for the kosovar albanians , gave too much to the republics , crippling the institutional and material power of the federal government . tito ' s authority | |||||
| 66 | dynamic towards break - up despite the fact that the overwhelming majority of its population did not favour such a course . during 1980s , serbian academy of sciences and arts | ]] | drafted a memorandum addressing some burning issues concerning position of serbs as the most numerous people in yugoslavia . although the largest yugoslav republic in territory and population , serbia had | |||||
| 75 | population of kosovo in the 1980 ' s , ethnic - albanians were the majority . the number of slavs in kosovo ( mainly serbs ) was falling fast and by | [[ | 1999 they formed as little as 10 % of the two million population . meanwhile [[ slovenia ]] , under the presidency of [[ milan kučan ]] , along with [[ | |||||
| 76 | of kosovo in the 1980 ' s , ethnic - albanians were the majority . the number of slavs in kosovo ( mainly serbs ) was falling fast and by 1999 | ]] | they formed as little as 10 % of the two million population . meanwhile [[ slovenia ]] , under the presidency of [[ milan kučan ]] , along with [[ croatia | |||||
| 80 | slovenian and serbian delegations were arguing over the future of the league of communists and yugoslavia . the serbian delegation , led by milošević , insisted on a policy of " | ' ' | one person , one vote " , which would empower the majority population , the serbs . in turn , the slovenians , supported by croatians , sought to reform yugoslavia | |||||
| 91 | and montenegro elected candidates who favoured yugoslav unity . in croatia there was growing advocacy of " croatian state and historical rights " , the serbs were stripped of their national | ]] | and constitutional rights , thus becoming demoted from a constituent nation of croatia to national minority . following this , the serbs proclaimed the emergence of serbian autonomous areas ( known | |||||
| 93 | elected candidates who favoured yugoslav unity . in croatia there was growing advocacy of " croatian state and historical rights " , the serbs were stripped of their national and constitutional | ]] | rights , thus becoming demoted from a constituent nation of croatia to national minority . following this , the serbs proclaimed the emergence of serbian autonomous areas ( known later as | |||||
| 97 | the serbs proclaimed the emergence of serbian autonomous areas ( known later as republic of serbian krajina ) in croatia . croatia embarked upon illegal importation of arms , mainly from | [[ | hungary , and were caught red - handed when yugoslav counter intelligence ( kos , kontra - obavjestajna sluzba ) showed a video of secret meeting between croatian defence minister martin | |||||
| 98 | serbs proclaimed the emergence of serbian autonomous areas ( known later as republic of serbian krajina ) in croatia . croatia embarked upon illegal importation of arms , mainly from hungary | ]] | , and were caught red - handed when yugoslav counter intelligence ( kos , kontra - obavjestajna sluzba ) showed a video of secret meeting between croatian defence minister martin špegelj | |||||
| 122 | escalation of conflicts , but not for long . following the first multi - party election results , the republics of slovenia and croatia proposed transforming yugoslavia into a loose confederation | ]] | of six republics in the autumn of 1990 , however [[ slobodan milošević | milošević ]] rejected all such proposals , arguing that like slovenes and croats , the serbs should | |||||
| 133 | soil , the slovene territorial defence forces retook most of the posts within several days with only minimal loss of life on both sides . recently the austrian orf tv station | ]] | showed footage of several young yugoslav soldiers at holmec ( border crossing with austria ) , carrying a white cloth and raising their hands in the air , apparently to surrender | |||||
| 64233510 | 2 | ]] . after a successful referendum in the republic , montenegro officially declared its independence on [[ june 3rd ]] , [[ 2006 ]] , while serbia declared independence on june | 5th | 5 ]] | , thereby ending the last remnants of the former yugoslav federation . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = = = = the idea of a state for | |||
| 65110897 | 0 | launch of [[ operation barbarossa ]] was delayed by four weeks , which proved to be a costly decision . ) = = yugoslavia during the second world war = = | {{ main | yugoslavia during world war ii }} | = = = the invasion of yugoslavia = = = at 5 : 15 a . m . on [[ april 6th ]] [[ 1941 ]] , [[ nazi germany | | ||||
| 65111870 | 6 | influence since it " ' ' saw the yugoslav crisis as an auspicious moment for self - assertion ' ' " . in the summer of 1991 the [[ european council | | ec | ]] was finally prompted to warn austria that if it continued its energetic efforts to break up yugoslavia it would be excluded from eventual ec membership but even that threat did | ||||
| 65111992 | 0 | apply so their acceptance generally isn ' t expected before 2015 . ' ' see also : [[ enlargement of the european union ]] ' ' = = miscellaneous = = | * | [[ asteroid ]] [[ 1554 yugoslavia ]] was discovered by [[ milorad b . protić ]] and named after yugoslavia . = = see also = = * [[ history of | ||||
| 65567472 | 0 | the late [[ 19th century | 19th ]] and early [[ 20th century ]] . as the ottoman empire grew weaker and serbia , bulgaria and greece grew stronger after the | [[ | berlin congress , hope for sovereignty of the south slavic peoples in the [[ habsburg empire ]] ( austria - hungary ) increased and the idea of a union between them | ||||
| 1 | [[ 19th century | 19th ]] and early [[ 20th century ]] . as the ottoman empire grew weaker and serbia , bulgaria and greece grew stronger after the berlin congress | ]] | , hope for sovereignty of the south slavic peoples in the [[ habsburg empire ]] ( austria - hungary ) increased and the idea of a union between them became stronger | |||||
| 68011126 | 3 | ' ' federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ( fpry ) ' ' . it is also known as the second yugoslavia . ethnic conflicts and the declaration of independence | and seccesion | by most of the constituent republics lead to the formation of the ' ' ' [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' ( fry ) in 1992 on the | ||||
| 7 | war ii ]] in [[ november 29 ]] , [[ 1945 ]] as the ' ' democratic federation of yugoslavia ( dfy ) ' ' , which in [[ 1946 ]] | became the ' ' federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ( fpry ) ' ' | . it is also known as the second yugoslavia . ethnic conflicts and the declaration of independence by most of the constituent republics lead to the formation of the ' ' | |||||
| 76222773 | 0 | state to the kingdom of yugoslavia . it existed under various names . proclaimed as the ' ' democratic federation of yugoslavia ( dfy ) ' ' in [[ 1943 ]] | . | it changed its name to the ' ' federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ( fpry ) ' ' in [[ 1946 ]] . in [[ 1963 ]] it would | ||||
| 76674084 | 0 | neoliberalism ]] , to the delight of the us . it was the [[ ronald reagan | reagan ]] administration which , in [[ 1984 ]] , had adopted a " | [[ | shock therapy " proposal to push yugoslavia towards a capitalist restoration . this , naturally , undermined a central pillar of the state : the socialist link between the communist party | ||||
| 3 | 1989 ]] [[ jeffrey sachs ]] was in yugoslavia helping the federal government under [[ ante marković ]] prepare the imf / [[ world bank group | world bank ]] " | [[ | shock therapy " package , which was then introduced in [[ 1990 ]] just at the time when the crucial parliamentary elections were being held in the various republics . one | |||||
| 9 | this level of support showed how much of the yugoslav population remained strongly committed to the state ' s preservation . but marković had coupled his yugoslavism with the imf " | [[ | shock therapy " programme and ec conditionality and it was this which gave the separatists in the north west and the nationalists in serbia their opening . the appeal of the | |||||
| 12 | to the break - up of the country . they were aided by the us government ' s stance of sidelining yugoslav cohesion in favour of pushing ahead with the " | [[ | shock therapy " programme . indeed , it is likely that the internal dynamics towards yugoslav collapse into civil war may have been inadvertently accelerated by the actions of the [[ | |||||
| 79821245 | 1 | break up yugoslavia it would be excluded from eventual ec membership but even that threat did not stop austrian efforts . the [[ hungary | hungarian ]] government of jozsef antall | ]] | , elected in the spring of 1990 , adopted a policy very much in line with that of austria , but with additional hungarian goals [[ vis - à - vis | ||||
| 80302929 | 0 | = background = = = = = the idea of a state for south slavs = = = the first ideas of a state for all south slavs emerged in the | 17th . it was initiated by croat ( hrvatski ) writers and philosophers , as a respond to hundreds of years of torture suffered under austro - hungarian dictatorship . the words of natko nodilo , famous croatian writer from that period , can be still seen on the marble plaque in split , where his dream of a land where serbs and croats live together , is captured for eternity . the movement was known as iliric movement , which grewsteadilly , and gainded serious momentum in the | late [[ 19th century | 19th ]] and early [[ 20th century ]] . as the ottoman empire grew weaker and serbia , bulgaria and greece grew stronger after the [[ | ||||
| 5 | background = = = = = the idea of a state for south slavs = = = the first ideas of a state for all south slavs emerged in the late | [[ | 19th century | 19th ]] and early [[ 20th century ]] . as the ottoman empire grew weaker and serbia , bulgaria and greece grew stronger after the [[ berlin congress | |||||
| 80303057 | 0 | plaque in split , where his dream of a land where serbs and croats live together , is captured for eternity . the movement was known as iliric movement , which | grewsteadilly | grew steadilly | , and gainded serious momentum in the late 19th century . at that time the ottoman empire grew weaker and serbia , bulgaria and greece grew stronger after the [[ berlin | |||
| 80313028 | 4 | dollars ) , with one month paid vacation , plus a year ' s maternity leave , if needed . respect for workers was a central concern of government and society | , reflected in full integration of workers in management of their workplace . results that invariably demonstrated that democratic socialism was a progressive and successful society that worked well even though nato and western countries tried to destabiliste the country in order to provoke the fall of the " communist dictatorship " | . = = = the government = = = [[ image : proslavatito . jpg | thumb | right | 200px | 1968 . [[ league of communists of yugoslavia | | ||||
| 5 | yugoslav government were the president ( tito ) , the federal prime minister , and the federal parliament ( a collective presidency was formed after tito ' s death in 1980 | - it served as an example of collective government for european community , which employed jugoslav rotational presidency principle for eu government as being supreme democratic principle | ) . also important were the [[ communist party of yugoslavia | communist party ]] presidents for each republic and province , and the president of central committee of the communist | |||||
| 10 | . sometimes ministers in government , such as [[ edvard kardelj ]] or [[ stane dolanc ]] , were more important than the prime minister . the suppression of national identities | , encouraged and financially supported by western countries , such as us , italy , australia and germany , among many others - including nato and secret services from so - called " democratic " countries , | escalated with the so - called [[ croatian spring ]] of [[ 1970 ]] - [[ 1971 ]] , when students in [[ zagreb ]] organized demonstrations for greater civil liberties | |||||
| 14 | - [[ 1971 ]] , when students in [[ zagreb ]] organized demonstrations for greater civil liberties and greater [[ croatia ]] n autonomy . the regime stifled the public protest | , which was led by defeated ustaše , known nazist collaborators during the wwii , | and incarcerated the leaders , but many key croatian representatives in the party silently supported this cause , so a new [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | | |||||
| 22 | europe . the economic crisis was the product of disastrous errors by yugoslav governments in the 1970s , borrowing vast amounts of western capital in order to fund growth through exports | . | . western economies then entered recession , blocked yugoslav exports and created a huge debt problem . the yugoslav government then accepted the [[ international monetary fund | imf ]] ' | |||||
| 30 | , in [[ 1984 ]] , had adopted a " [[ shock _ therapy _ ( economics ) | shock therapy ]] " proposal to push yugoslavia towards a capitalist restoration | " . but then , that was to be expected after four decades of relentless criminal activities that had only one goal in sight . destruction of socialism because it was proving far better and superior to capitalism . the real and only creator of the " shock therapy " was another life - long and strong communist , as well as economics genius , [[ ante marković ]] , jugoslav prime minister in the late 80 ' s | . this , naturally , undermined a central pillar of the state : the socialist link between the communist party and the working class . the forms and effects of this | |||||
| 80313856 | 17 | [[ 1980 ]] dollars ) , with one month paid vacation , plus a year ' s maternity leave . respect for workers was a central concern of government and society | , reflected in full integration of workers in management of their workplace . results that invariably demonstrated that democratic socialism was a progressive and successful society that worked well even though nato and western countries tried to destabiliste the country in order to provoke the fall of the " communist dictatorship " | . = = = the government = = = [[ image : proslavatito . jpg | thumb | right | 200px | 1968 . [[ league of communists of yugoslavia | | ||||
| 18 | yugoslav government were the president ( tito ) , the federal prime minister , and the federal parliament ( a collective presidency was formed after tito ' s death in 1980 | - it served as an example of collective government for european community , which employed jugoslav rotational presidency principle for eu government as being supreme democratic principle | ) . to a degree , important were the [[ communist party of yugoslavia | communist party ]] presidents for each republic and province , and the president of central committee | |||||
| 20 | . sometimes ministers in government , such as [[ edvard kardelj ]] or [[ stane dolanc ]] , were more important than the prime minister . the suppression of nationalistic identities | , encouraged and financially supported by western countries , such as us , italy , australia and germany , among many others - including nato and secret services from so - called " democratic " countries , | escalated with the so - called [[ croatian spring ]] of [[ 1970 ]] - [[ 1971 ]] , when students in [[ zagreb ]] organized demonstrations hiding behind slogans about | |||||
| 22 | when students in [[ zagreb ]] organized demonstrations hiding behind slogans about " greater civil liberties and greater [[ croatia ]] n autonomy " . the government stifled the public protest | , which was led by defeated ustaše , known nazist collaborators during the wwii , | and arrested the leaders , but many key croatian representatives in the party silently supported this cause , as many of them were infiltraed perpetrators ( as the exodus of " | |||||
| 25 | usa ]] to maintain the integrity of yugoslavia as a neutral state on the frontiers of the super - power confrontation in europe . the economic crisis was the product of | orchestrated | disastrous errors by destructive infiltrated west - financed and supported elements in yugoslav governments in the 1970s , who borrowed vast amounts of western capital with an " explanation " that | |||||
| 27 | and supported elements in yugoslav governments in the 1970s , who borrowed vast amounts of western capital with an " explanation " that the money is to fund growth through exports | . | western economies then entered recession , blocked yugoslav exports and created a huge debt problem . how convenient . the yugoslav government then accepted the [[ international monetary fund | imf | |||||
| 35 | in [[ 1984 ]] , had adopted a " [[ shock _ therapy _ ( economics ) | shock therapy ]] " proposal to push yugoslavia towards a " capitalist restoration | " . but then , that was to be expected after four decades of relentless criminal activities that had only one goal in sight . destruction of socialism because it was proving far better and superior to capitalism . the real and only creator of the " shock therapy " was another life - long and strong communist , as well as economics genius , [[ ante marković ]] , jugoslav prime minister in the late 80 ' s | . this , naturally , undermined a central pillar of the state : the socialist link between the communist party and the working class . the forms and effects of this | |||||
| 80314145 | 0 | where serbs and croats live together , is captured for eternity . the movement was known as iliric movement , which grew steadilly , and gainded serious momentum in the late | [[ | 19th century . at that time the ottoman empire grew weaker and serbia , bulgaria and greece grew stronger after the [[ berlin congress ]] , so hope for sovereignty of | ||||
| 8 | wounded , they killed 50 . following chetniks ' termination of war activities against the germans , reported atrocities against non - serb population and increasingly frequent collaboration with italians and | ( less frequently ) | germans against the nov , the allies eventually switched to support the nov . however , nov carried on its guerrilla warfare . this led to great civilian loss of life | |||||
| 19 | = background = = = = = the idea of a state for south slavs = = = the first ideas of a state for all south slavs emerged in the | 17th . it was initiated by croat ( hrvatski ) writers and philosophers , as a respond to hundreds of years of torture suffered under austro - hungarian dictatorship . the words of natko nodilo , famous croatian writer from that period , can be still seen on the marble plaque in split , where his dream of a land where serbs and croats live together , is captured for eternity . the movement was known as iliric movement , which grew steadilly , and gainded serious momentum in the | late 19th century . at that time the ottoman empire grew weaker and serbia , bulgaria and greece grew stronger after the [[ berlin congress ]] , so hope for sovereignty | |||||
| 80374705 | 0 | = = = = = the idea of a state for south slavs = = = the first ideas of a state for all south slavs emerged in the late [[ | 19th | 17th | century | 19th ]] and early [[ 20th century ]] . as the ottoman empire grew weaker and serbia , bulgaria and greece grew stronger after the [[ berlin congress ]] | |||
| 80382137 | 5 | in favour of slovenia and croatia and their strongly expressed demands for looser ties within federation . the collapse of yugoslavia was the result of both internal and external factors . | ]] | the constitutional crisis that inevitably followed played in favour of slovenia and croatia and their strongly expressed demands for looser ties within federation . the collapse of yugoslavia was the result | ||||
| 22 | to protect their rights . the [[ bosnian war | war in bosnia ]] followed shortly thereafter . the so - called badinter commission formed by the [[ european community ]] | triumphantly , to delight of the countries and enemies of jugoslavia that worked so hard towards its destuction , | declared in early 1992 that the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia had " dissolved " . = = = = the end of the second yugoslavia = = = = various | |||||
| 24 | may 4th ]] [[ 1980 ]] , [[ ethnic group | ethnic ]] [[ tension ]] s grew in yugoslavia , bolstered by open support from a number of western countries | . notably | , the us , england , germany , austria , italy ( which had its own crisis of identity and looked at speeding up " democratic processes " as a way | |||||
| 80540551 | 3 | . the [[ croatian peasant party ]] ( ' ' hrvatska seljačka stranka ' ' ) slowly grew to become a massive party endorsing croatian national interests and seeking a confederation | , in order to grab as much land for future hrvatska ( croatia ) as possible , disregarding the actual mak - up of people living in these territories | . the elections for the constituent assembly in [[ november ]] [[ 1920 ]] brought victory for the two main serbian parties . [[ communism | communists ]] came third and | ||||
| 80541881 | 6 | led to the [[ tito - šubašić agreement ]] in june 1944 , however tito was seen as a national hero by the citizens , so he gained the power in | the first free | post - war independent [[ communism | communist ]] state , starting as a [[ prime minister ]] . = = the second yugoslavia = = ' ' main article : | ||||
| 80542773 | 4 | = = = the economy = = = although rigorously socialist in developing her industrial base , yugoslavia allowed a certain amount of capitalist incursions , in the spirit of pluralism | and open economy | . this openness to western investment , however , sowed the seeds of the federation ' s demise . meanwhile , yugoslavia enjoyed stability and peace . throughout the [[ 1960s | ||||
| 9 | in the spirit of pluralism . this openness to western investment , however , sowed the seeds of the federation ' s demise . meanwhile , yugoslavia enjoyed stability and peace | which came with socialist and marxist structure of the society | . throughout the [[ 1960s ]] and [[ 1970s ]] , the growth of yugoslavia ' s [[ gross domestic product ]] averaged 6 . 1 % . there was 91 | |||||
| 80543661 | 4 | for greater civil liberties and greater [[ croatia ]] n autonomy . the regime stifled the public protest and incarcerated the leaders , but many key croatian representatives in the party | , already corrupted and secretly financially supported by imperialist governments from the west , | silently supported this cause , so a new [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution ]] was ratified in 1974 that gave more rights to the individual | ||||
| 80544003 | 1 | . sometimes ministers in government , such as [[ edvard kardelj ]] or [[ stane dolanc ]] , were more important than the prime minister . the suppression of national identities | , | escalated with the so - called [[ croatian spring ]] of [[ 1970 ]] - [[ 1971 ]] , when students in [[ zagreb ]] organized demonstrations , supported heavilly by | ||||
| 80546176 | 5 | , in [[ 1984 ]] , had adopted a " [[ shock _ therapy _ ( economics ) | shock therapy ]] " proposal to push yugoslavia towards a capitalist restoration | " that resulted in a dissolution in horrific war that followed | . this , naturally , undermined a central pillar of the state : the socialist link between the communist party and the working class . the forms and effects of this | ||||
| 80546909 | 34 | [[ croatian peasant party ]] ( ' ' hrvatska seljačka stranka ' ' ) slowly grew to become a large party claiming to endorsing croatian national interests and seeking a confederation | , in order to grab as much land for future hrvatska ( croatia ) as possible , disregarding the actual mak - up of people living in these territories | . the elections for the constituent assembly in [[ november ]] [[ 1920 ]] brought victory for the two main serbian parties . jugoslavia - oriented [[ communism | communists ]] | ||||
| 42 | to the surprise in the west , did mean pluralism and open economy . this openness to western investment , however , sowed the seeds of the federation ' s demise | , as it allowed infiltration of western spies and agents , posing as businessmen , into the economic millieu of the country and ignite the corruption , both political and economic | . however , it was a long and slow process which did allow yugoslavia to enjoy stability and peace which came with socialist and marxist structure of the society . throughout | |||||
| 44 | of the country and ignite the corruption , both political and economic . however , it was a long and slow process which did allow yugoslavia to enjoy stability and peace | which came with socialist and marxist structure of the society | . throughout the [[ 1960s ]] and [[ 1970s ]] , the growth of yugoslavia ' s [[ gross domestic product ]] averaged 6 . 1 % . there was 91 | |||||
| 47 | [[ edvard kardelj ]] or [[ stane dolanc ]] , were more important than the prime minister . what was loudly denounced by capitalist countries as the suppression of national identities | , | escalated with the so - called [[ croatian spring ]] of [[ 1970 ]] - [[ 1971 ]] , when students in [[ zagreb ]] organized demonstrations , supported heavilly by | |||||
| 51 | liberties and greater [[ croatia ]] n autonomy " . the government stifled the destabilising and unfounded protest and incarcerated the leaders , but many key croatian representatives in the party | , already corrupted and secretly financially supported by imperialist governments from the west , | silently supported this cause , so a new [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution ]] was ratified in 1974 that gave more rights to the individual | |||||
| 57 | in [[ 1984 ]] , had adopted a " [[ shock _ therapy _ ( economics ) | shock therapy ]] " proposal to push yugoslavia towards a " capitalist restoration | " that resulted in a dissolution in horrific war that followed | . this , naturally , undermined a central pillar of the society : the socialist link between the economy and the working class . the forms and effects of this varied | |||||
| 80966897 | 2 | and politicians around the new idea , but the movement started gaining large momentum only at the end of the nineteenth century , mainly because of the harsh policies against slavs | could possibly have , | practiced by both austrian and hungarian dictators . as the ottoman empire grew weaker and serbia , bulgaria and greece grew stronger after the [[ berlin congress ]] , hope for | ||||
| 80967399 | 0 | , the allies eventually switched to support the nvo . however , nvo carried on its guerrilla warfare . germans . italians , ustaše and četnici joined their forces against the | nvoand | nvo and | that led to great civilian loss of life in most regions of yugoslavia . the [[ demography | demographic ]] loss is estimated at 1 , 027 , 000 individuals by | |||
| 81568143 | 1 | pokret ( illyric movement ) and gathered many prominent croatian intellectuals and politicians around the new idea , but the movement started gaining large momentum only at the end of the | nineteenth | 19th | century , mainly because of the harsh policies against any freedom movements occupied southern slavs could possibly have , practiced by both austrian and hungarian dictators . as the ottoman empire | |||
| 83862592 | 4 | of visionary thinking of croat writers and philosophers who realized that the only way for southern slavs to regain lost freedom was to unite and free themselves of tyrannies and dictatorships | under the austro - hungarian and turkish occupiers | . they gave it the name ilirski pokret ( illyric movement ) and gathered many prominent croatian intellectuals and politicians around the new idea , but the movement started gaining large | ||||
| 86957387 | 1 | right | 300px | lands offered to serbia by the allies in 1915 . ]] although in 1915 the serbian assembly had pledged itself to work for the liberation of all | [[ serbs ]] , [[ croats ]] and [[ slovenes ]] , non - serb members of the yugoslav committee became alarmed when the allies offered serbia lands that had not been reserved for italians . these included bosnia , herzegovina , slavonia , [[ bačka ]] and parts of dalmatia . croat members of the committee feared | hghyhghghgfeared | a carve - up of croat lands between serbia and italy . there were also quarrels about the designation and command of units of south slav pows in russia now being | |||
| 86957428 | 1 | right | 300px | lands offered to serbia by the allies in 1915 . ]] although in 1915 the serbian assembly had pledged itself to work for the liberation of all | hghyhghghgfeared | [[ serbs ]] , [[ croats ]] and [[ slovenes ]] , non - serb members of the yugoslav committee became alarmed when the allies offered serbia lands that had not been reserved for italians . these included bosnia , herzegovina , slavonia , [[ bačka ]] and parts of dalmatia . croat members of the committee feared | a carve - up of croat lands between serbia and italy . there were also quarrels about the designation and command of units of south slav pows in russia now being | |||
| 87452403 | 27 | - fights in parliament , [[ puniša račić ]] , a [[ montenegrins | montenegrin ]] serb , leapt up in the chamber and shot two croutons and wounded three others | in this famous salad battle of 1987 . many people died | , including the tomatos and celery . including [[ stjepan radić ]] ( founder of the croatian peasant party ) , who eventually died . račić gave himself up and was | ||||
| 87847188 | 4 | # 00fe00 | brčko district }} {{ legend | # c00000 | kosovo }} {{ legend | # d3ae3b | montenegro }} ]] after tito ' s death on [[ may | 4th | 4 | ]] [[ 1980 ]] , [[ ethnic group | ethnic ]] [[ tension ]] s grew in yugoslavia , bolstered by open support from a number of western countries , listed | |||
| 8 | macedonian ]] [[ cyrillic ]] ) : " land of the [[ south slavs ]] " ) describes three separate political entities that existed on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in | [[ | europe ]] during most of the [[ 20th century ]] . the ' ' ' kingdom of yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ december 1 ]] , [[ 1918 ]] & | |||||
| 9 | [[ cyrillic ]] ) : " land of the [[ south slavs ]] " ) describes three separate political entities that existed on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in [[ europe | ]] | during most of the [[ 20th century ]] . the ' ' ' kingdom of yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ december 1 ]] , [[ 1918 ]] & ndash ; | |||||
| 10 | " land of the [[ south slavs ]] " ) describes three separate political entities that existed on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in [[ europe ]] during most of the | [[ | 20th century ]] . the ' ' ' kingdom of yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ december 1 ]] , [[ 1918 ]] & ndash ; [[ april 17 ]] , | |||||
| 18 | background = = = = = the idea of a state for south slavs = = = the first idea of a state for all south slavs emerged in the late | [[ | 17th century ]] , a product of visionary thinking of croat writers and philosophers who believed that the only way for southern slavs to regain lost freedom after centuries of occupation | |||||
| 20 | - hungary ) increased and the idea of a union between them became stronger . ! header 2 during the early period of the world war i ( which started in | [[ | 1914 ]] ) , a number of prominent political figures , including [[ ante trumbić ]] , [[ ivan meštrović ]] , [[ nikola stojanović ]] and others , from south | |||||
| 21 | ) increased and the idea of a union between them became stronger . ! header 2 during the early period of the world war i ( which started in [[ 1914 | ]] | ) , a number of prominent political figures , including [[ ante trumbić ]] , [[ ivan meštrović ]] , [[ nikola stojanović ]] and others , from south slavic lands | |||||
| 25 | }} [[ image : banovine kj . jpg | thumb | 300px | right | map showing [[ kingdom of yugoslavia # internal _ divisions | banovinas ]] in [[ 1929 | ]] | ]] = = = opposition to the new state = = = with the end of [[ world war i ]] and the downfall of [[ austria - hungary ]] and | |||||
| 30 | ' hrvatska seljačka stranka ' ' ) slowly grew to become a party endorsing croatian national interests and seeking a confederation . the elections for the constituent assembly in [[ november | ]] [[ | 1920 ]] brought victory for the two main serbian parties . [[ communism | communists ]] came third and croatian peasant party fourth . the newly formed government was determined to | |||||
| 33 | = = = king alexander ' s dictatorship = = = following this , [[ alexander i of yugoslavia | king aleksandar i ]] banned national political parties in [[ 1929 | ]] | , assumed executive power and renamed the country yugoslavia . he hoped to curb separatist tendencies and mitigate nationalist passions . however , the balance of power changed in international relations | |||||
| 34 | aleksandar i . in fact , the first two wanted to revise the international treaties signed after world war i , and the soviets were determined to regain their positions in | [[ | europe ]] and pursue a more active international policy . yugoslavia was an obstacle for these plans and king aleksandar i was the pillar of the yugoslav policy . alexander attempted | |||||
| 35 | . in fact , the first two wanted to revise the international treaties signed after world war i , and the soviets were determined to regain their positions in [[ europe | ]] | and pursue a more active international policy . yugoslavia was an obstacle for these plans and king aleksandar i was the pillar of the yugoslav policy . alexander attempted to create | |||||
| 36 | nazi germany ]] , croatian leader [[ vlatko maček ]] and his party managed the creation of the [[ banovina of croatia | croatian banovina ]] ( administrative province ) in | [[ | 1939 ]] . the agreement specified that croatia was to remain part of yugoslavia , but it was hurriedly building an independent political identity in international relations . prince paul submitted | |||||
| 37 | ]] , croatian leader [[ vlatko maček ]] and his party managed the creation of the [[ banovina of croatia | croatian banovina ]] ( administrative province ) in [[ 1939 | ]] | . the agreement specified that croatia was to remain part of yugoslavia , but it was hurriedly building an independent political identity in international relations . prince paul submitted to the | |||||
| 38 | , while the majority of partisan forces escaped towards bosnia . [[ image : tito . jpg | right | thumb | [[ josip broz tito ]] during the winter of | [[ | 1942 ]] ]] on [[ november 25 ]] , [[ 1942 ]] , the [[ avnoj | anti - fascist council of national liberation of yugoslavia ]] ( ' ' antifašističko | |||||
| 46 | this was the territory populated predominantly by [[ slovenians | slovenes ]] ( and [[ croats ]] in [[ istria ]] ) . however , the nla withdrew from trieste in | [[ | june ]] of the same year . westerner attempts to reunite the partisans , who denied supremacy of the old government of the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , and the | |||||
| 47 | the territory populated predominantly by [[ slovenians | slovenes ]] ( and [[ croats ]] in [[ istria ]] ) . however , the nla withdrew from trieste in [[ june | ]] | of the same year . westerner attempts to reunite the partisans , who denied supremacy of the old government of the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , and the emigration loyal | |||||
| 48 | and belgrade . [[ vojvodina ]] and [[ kosovo ]] - metohija form a part of the republic of [[ serbia ]] . the country distanced itself from the soviets in | [[ | 1948 ]] ( cf . [[ cominform ]] and [[ informbiro ]] ) and started to build its own way to [[ socialism ]] under strong political leadership of [[ josip | |||||
| 49 | . [[ vojvodina ]] and [[ kosovo ]] - metohija form a part of the republic of [[ serbia ]] . the country distanced itself from the soviets in [[ 1948 | ]] | ( cf . [[ cominform ]] and [[ informbiro ]] ) and started to build its own way to [[ socialism ]] under strong political leadership of [[ josip broz tito | |||||
| 50 | ]] . the country criticized both [[ eastern bloc ]] and [[ nato ]] nations and , together with other countries , started the [[ non - aligned movement ]] in | [[ | 1961 ]] , which remained the official affiliation of the country until it dissolved . = = = the economy = = = {{ main | economy of the socialist federal | |||||
| 51 | the country criticized both [[ eastern bloc ]] and [[ nato ]] nations and , together with other countries , started the [[ non - aligned movement ]] in [[ 1961 | ]] | , which remained the official affiliation of the country until it dissolved . = = = the economy = = = {{ main | economy of the socialist federal republic of | |||||
| 52 | of pluralism . this openness to western investment , however , sowed the seeds of the federation ' s demise . meanwhile , yugoslavia enjoyed stability and peace . throughout the | [[ | 1960s ]] and [[ 1970s ]] , the growth of yugoslavia ' s [[ gross domestic product ]] averaged 6 . 1 % . there was 91 % literacy and an | |||||
| 53 | . this openness to western investment , however , sowed the seeds of the federation ' s demise . meanwhile , yugoslavia enjoyed stability and peace . throughout the [[ 1960s | ]] | and [[ 1970s ]] , the growth of yugoslavia ' s [[ gross domestic product ]] averaged 6 . 1 % . there was 91 % literacy and an average life | |||||
| 54 | openness to western investment , however , sowed the seeds of the federation ' s demise . meanwhile , yugoslavia enjoyed stability and peace . throughout the [[ 1960s ]] and | [[ | 1970s ]] , the growth of yugoslavia ' s [[ gross domestic product ]] averaged 6 . 1 % . there was 91 % literacy and an average life expectancy of | |||||
| 55 | western investment , however , sowed the seeds of the federation ' s demise . meanwhile , yugoslavia enjoyed stability and peace . throughout the [[ 1960s ]] and [[ 1970s | ]] | , the growth of yugoslavia ' s [[ gross domestic product ]] averaged 6 . 1 % . there was 91 % literacy and an average life expectancy of 72 years | |||||
| 56 | the state provided housing , health care , education , and child care . citizens lived well on a per capita income of $ 3 , 000 a year ( in | [[ | 1980 ]] dollars ) , with one month paid vacation , plus a year ' s maternity leave , if needed . respect for workers was a central concern of government | |||||
| 62 | and state interests and began pushing towards [[ neoliberalism ]] , to the delight of the us . it was the [[ ronald reagan | reagan ]] administration which , in | [[ | 1984 ]] , had adopted a " [[ shock therapy ( economics ) | shock therapy ]] " proposal to push yugoslavia towards a capitalist restoration . this , naturally , | |||||
| 68 | prepare the imf / [[ world bank group | world bank ]] " [[ shock therapy ( economics ) | shock therapy ]] " package , which was then introduced in | [[ | 1990 ]] just at the time when the crucial parliamentary elections were being held in the various republics . one aspect of yugoslavia ' s " [[ shock therapy ( economics | |||||
| 69 | imf / [[ world bank group | world bank ]] " [[ shock therapy ( economics ) | shock therapy ]] " package , which was then introduced in [[ 1990 | ]] | just at the time when the crucial parliamentary elections were being held in the various republics . one aspect of yugoslavia ' s " [[ shock therapy ( economics ) | | |||||
| 74 | wanted the break - up of yugoslavia , something not true in the case of any other part of [[ eastern europe | east ]] [[ central europe | central ]] | [[ | europe ]] at that time . their pressure thus combined with the general western drive for capitalism to speed the break - up during 1989 - 90 . on one side | |||||
| 75 | break - up of yugoslavia , something not true in the case of any other part of [[ eastern europe | east ]] [[ central europe | central ]] [[ europe | ]] | at that time . their pressure thus combined with the general western drive for capitalism to speed the break - up during 1989 - 90 . on one side were a | |||||
| 76 | make it look like it was crumbling under its own problems . economy and the political system , being socialist one , were the great excuses for imperialist capitalism . the | [[ | 1974 ]] constitution , though better for the [[ kosovo | kosovar ]] [[ albanians ]] , gave too much to the republics , crippling the institutional and material power of | |||||
| 77 | look like it was crumbling under its own problems . economy and the political system , being socialist one , were the great excuses for imperialist capitalism . the [[ 1974 | ]] | constitution , though better for the [[ kosovo | kosovar ]] [[ albanians ]] , gave too much to the republics , crippling the institutional and material power of the federal | |||||
| 88735288 | 0 | the republics , had become irreconcilable . the constitutional crisis that inevitably followed played in favour of slovenia and croatia and their strongly expressed demands for looser ties within federation . | the collapse of yugoslavia was the result of both internal and external factors . assigning comparative weight to the external as against the internal factors in the generalised crisis that shook yugoslavia in 1990 - 1991 is definitely a very simple matter . without understanding the roles of the western powers in helping to produce and channel the crisis , it is difficult to understand the disintegration of yugoslavia . the fundamental cause of the yugoslav collapse was not an economic crisis . this was barely a pretext used by social groups in yugoslavia and their tutors in the west to undermine the collectivised core of the economy and push yugoslavia towards a " capitalist restoration " which inevitably led to disastrous war and hundreds of thousands of innocent people being murdered in order to save the face of dying and collapsing capitalism . many [[ europe | european ]] governments had their interests and wanted the break - up of yugoslavia , something not true in the case of any other part of [[ eastern europe | east ]] [[ central europe | central ]] europe at that time . their pressure thus combined with the general western drive for capitalism to speed the break - up during 1989 - 90 . on one side were a number of european states eager to gain " independence " for [[ slovenia ]] and [[ croatia ]] ; on the other side was the [[ united states ]] , eager only to ensure that yugoslavia paid its debts to western banks and " globalised " its political economy through " shock therapy " in order to ensure a regime in the country open for the western multinationals . whether decimated or not . the forces eager to see the break - up of yugoslavia through independence for slovenia and croatia were the [[ holy see | vatican ]] , [[ austria ]] , [[ hungary ]] , [[ germany ]] , us , more ambivalently , [[ italy ]] which had its own crisis of identity and looked at speeding up " democratic processes " as a way of diverting similar sentiments in northern italy , through graphic pictures of the drama unfolding in the neighbouring jugoslavia , england , holland , albania and even such distant countries as australia , saudi arab emirates , libia , and al - qaida ' s afghan - tested mujaheedins , trained by the cia . . since the mid - 1980s , the vatican and austria had started an active campaign in east central and eastern europe to rebuild their influence there and by 1989 - 90 the vatican was openly championing independence for slovenia and croatia . {{ fact }} the real goal of austrian policy was to expand austria ' s regional influence since it " ' ' saw the yugoslav crisis as an auspicious moment for self - assertion ' ' " . in the summer of 1991 the [[ european council ]] was finally prompted to warn austria that if it continued its energetic efforts to break up yugoslavia it would be excluded from eventual ec membership but even that threat did not stop austrian efforts . the [[ hungary | hungarian ]] government of [[ józsef antall ]] , elected in the spring of 1990 , adopted a policy very much in line with that of austria , but with additional hungarian goals [[ vis - à - vis ]] serbia ' s [[ vojvodina ]] province . {{ fact }} these manoeuvres by austria and hungary to break up yugoslavia were , of course , then overshadowed by the [[ germany | german ]] government ' s drive to derecognise yugoslavia through giving recognition to slovenia and croatia . the german government ' s open championing of yugoslavia ' s break - up did not occur until the late spring of 1991 , but long before that both slovenia and croatia were getting encouragement from [[ bonn ]] for their efforts . germany was only happy to help disappearance of the country it still owed almost hundred billions of us dollars in the name of world war ii reparations . it was the money that helped germany to be born twice . first , when jugoslav president tito offered germany to repay the debt when it recovers from the repaying other countries , and then when germans realised that if jugoslavia disappears , germany could finance , otherwise disastrous , re - unification with east germany . if jugoslavia did not breakup , germany would not have been able to finance its own re - union . there was thus a focused and co - ordinated coalition involving austria , germany , hungary and the vatican all pushing for the same goal : yugoslavia ' s break up . {{ fact }} this campaign on the surface , was not supported by the united states , which championed yugoslav unity as did [[ britain ]] and [[ france ]] . but for the us unity was not the main thing : its policy was principally governed by its concern to ensure the imposition of " shock therapy " on the country as a whole via the imf . as they always did , they kept the posture of trying to help , when in the background , through their vasals , us was pushing hard for the breakup , looking greedily at real estate and strategic positions around the country , along the long ago proposed highway to turkey . the only european states which did have a strategic interest in the yugoslav theatre tended to want to break it up . it would be wrong , of course , to suggest that there were no other , specifically yugoslav , structural flaws which helped to generate the collapse . many so - called " experts " would argue that the decentralised market socialism was a disastrous experiment for a state in yugoslavia ' s geopolitical situation . nothing could have been further from the truth , as the stellar growth and rapid industrialisation have demonstrated . so external enemies had to play through the system in order to destabilise the country and make it look like it was crumbling under its own problems . economy and the political system , being socialist one , were the great excuses for imperialist capitalism . the 1974 constitution , though better for the [[ kosovo | kosovar ]] [[ albanians ]] , gave too much to the republics , crippling the institutional and material power of the federal government . [[ josip broz tito | tito ]] ' s authority substituted for this weakness until his death in 1980 , after which the state and communist party became increasingly paralyzed and thrown into crisis . in 1990 - 1991 , then , yugoslavia was in the grip of a dynamic towards break - up despite the fact that the overwhelming majority of its population did not favour such a course . | in 1986 , the [[ serbian academy of sciences and arts ]] drafted a memorandum addressing some burning issues concerning position of [[ serbs ]] as the most numerous people in | ||||
| 88737083 | 0 | the republics , had become irreconcilable . the constitutional crisis that inevitably followed played in favour of slovenia and croatia and their strongly expressed demands for looser ties within federation . | the collapse of yugoslavia was the result of both internal and external factors . assigning comparative weight to the external as against the internal factors in the generalised crisis that shook yugoslavia in 1990 - 1991 is definitely a very simple matter . without understanding the roles of the western powers in helping to produce and channel the crisis , it is difficult to understand the disintegration of yugoslavia . the fundamental cause of the yugoslav collapse was not an economic crisis . this was barely a pretext used by social groups in yugoslavia and their tutors in the west to undermine the collectivised core of the economy and push yugoslavia towards a " capitalist restoration " which inevitably led to disastrous war and hundreds of thousands of innocent people being murdered in order to save the face of dying and collapsing capitalism . many [[ europe | european ]] governments had their interests and wanted the break - up of yugoslavia , something not true in the case of any other part of [[ eastern europe | east ]] [[ central europe | central ]] europe at that time . their pressure thus combined with the general western drive for capitalism to speed the break - up during 1989 - 90 . on one side were a number of european states eager to gain " independence " for [[ slovenia ]] and [[ croatia ]] ; on the other side was the [[ united states ]] , eager only to ensure that yugoslavia paid its debts to western banks and " globalised " its political economy through " shock therapy " in order to ensure a regime in the country open for the western multinationals . whether decimated or not . the forces eager to see the break - up of yugoslavia through independence for slovenia and croatia were the [[ holy see | vatican ]] , [[ austria ]] , [[ hungary ]] , [[ germany ]] , us , more ambivalently , [[ italy ]] which had its own crisis of identity and looked at speeding up " democratic processes " as a way of diverting similar sentiments in northern italy , through graphic pictures of the drama unfolding in the neighbouring jugoslavia , england , holland , albania and even such distant countries as australia , saudi arab emirates , libia , and al - qaida ' s afghan - tested mujaheedins , trained by the cia . . since the mid - 1980s , the vatican and austria had started an active campaign in east central and eastern europe to rebuild their influence there and by 1989 - 90 the vatican was openly championing independence for slovenia and croatia . {{ fact }} the real goal of austrian policy was to expand austria ' s regional influence since it " ' ' saw the yugoslav crisis as an auspicious moment for self - assertion ' ' " . in the summer of 1991 the [[ european council ]] was finally prompted to warn austria that if it continued its energetic efforts to break up yugoslavia it would be excluded from eventual ec membership but even that threat did not stop austrian efforts . the [[ hungary | hungarian ]] government of [[ józsef antall ]] , elected in the spring of 1990 , adopted a policy very much in line with that of austria , but with additional hungarian goals [[ vis - à - vis ]] serbia ' s [[ vojvodina ]] province . {{ fact }} these manoeuvres by austria and hungary to break up yugoslavia were , of course , then overshadowed by the [[ germany | german ]] government ' s drive to derecognise yugoslavia through giving recognition to slovenia and croatia . the german government ' s open championing of yugoslavia ' s break - up did not occur until the late spring of 1991 , but long before that both slovenia and croatia were getting encouragement from [[ bonn ]] for their efforts . germany was only happy to help disappearance of the country it still owed almost hundred billions of us dollars in the name of world war ii reparations . it was the money that helped germany to be born twice . first , when jugoslav president tito offered germany to repay the debt when it recovers from the repaying other countries , and then when germans realised that if jugoslavia disappears , germany could finance , otherwise disastrous , re - unification with east germany . if jugoslavia did not breakup , germany would not have been able to finance its own re - union . there was thus a focused and co - ordinated coalition involving austria , germany , hungary and the vatican all pushing for the same goal : yugoslavia ' s break up . {{ fact }} this campaign on the surface , was not supported by the united states , which championed yugoslav unity as did [[ britain ]] and [[ france ]] . but for the us unity was not the main thing : its policy was principally governed by its concern to ensure the imposition of " shock therapy " on the country as a whole via the imf . as they always did , they kept the posture of trying to help , when in the background , through their vasals , us was pushing hard for the breakup , looking greedily at real estate and strategic positions around the country , along the long ago proposed highway to turkey . the only european states which did have a strategic interest in the yugoslav theatre tended to want to break it up . it would be wrong , of course , to suggest that there were no other , specifically yugoslav , structural flaws which helped to generate the collapse . many so - called " experts " would argue that the decentralised market socialism was a disastrous experiment for a state in yugoslavia ' s geopolitical situation . nothing could have been further from the truth , as the stellar growth and rapid industrialisation have demonstrated . so external enemies had to play through the system in order to destabilise the country and make it look like it was crumbling under its own problems . economy and the political system , being socialist one , were the great excuses for imperialist capitalism . the 1974 constitution , though better for the [[ kosovo | kosovar ]] [[ albanians ]] , gave too much to the republics , crippling the institutional and material power of the federal government . [[ josip broz tito | tito ]] ' s authority substituted for this weakness until his death in 1980 , after which the state and communist party became increasingly paralyzed and thrown into crisis . in 1990 - 1991 , then , yugoslavia was in the grip of a dynamic towards break - up despite the fact that the overwhelming majority of its population did not favour such a course . | in 1986 , the [[ serbian academy of sciences and arts ]] drafted a memorandum addressing some burning issues concerning position of [[ serbs ]] as the most numerous people in | ||||
| 89668748 | 0 | ]] [[ cyrillic ]] ) : " land of the [[ south slavs ]] " ) describes three separate political entities that existed on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe | , | during most of the 20th century . the ' ' ' kingdom of yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ december 1 ]] , [[ 1918 ]] & ndash ; [[ april | ||||
| 89768655 | 16 | neighbouring jugoslavia , england , holland , albania and even such distant countries as australia , saudi arab emirates , libia , and al - qaida ' s afghan - tested | [[ | mujaheedins , trained by the cia . . since the mid - 1980s , the vatican and austria had started an active campaign in east central and eastern europe to rebuild | ||||
| 91986037 | 10 | italian claims in [[ istria ]] and [[ dalmatia ]] , which was a very real concern . in 1915 , the allies had lured the italians into the war with | a | promise of substantial territorial gains in exchange . according to the secret [[ london pact ]] , these included istria and large parts of dalmatia , where relatively substantial numbers of | ||||
| 34 | south slavic peoples in the [[ habsburg empire ]] ( austria - hungary ) increased and the idea of a union between them became stronger . during the early period of | the | world war i ( which started in 1914 ) , a number of prominent political figures , including [[ ante trumbić ]] , [[ ivan meštrović ]] , [[ nikola stojanović | |||||
| 44 | and [[ germany ]] , [[ fascism | fascists ]] and [[ nazism | nazis ]] rose to power , and [[ joseph stalin | stalin ]] became the absolute ruler | in the [[ soviet union ]] | . none of these three states favoured the policy pursued by aleksandar i . in fact , the first two wanted to revise the international treaties signed after world war i | |||||
| 47 | surveillance . the effect of alexander ' s dictatorship was to further alienate the non - serbs of the idea of unity . during an official visit to france in 1934 | , the king was assassinated in [[ marseilles ]] | by an experienced [[ vlado chernozemski | marksman ]] from [[ ivan mihailov | ivan mihailov ' s ]] [[ imro ]] in the cooperation of the [[ ustaše ]] , | |||||
| 92351974 | 2 | to make their views known to the allied governments , which began to take them more seriously as the fate of [[ austro - hungarian empire ]] became more uncertain . | while the committee ' s basic aim was the unification of the habsburg south slav lands with serbia ( which was independent at the time ) , its more immediate concern was to head off italian claims in [[ istria ]] and [[ dalmatia ]] | . in 1915 , the allies had lured the italians into the war with a promise of substantial territorial gains in exchange . according to the secret [[ london pact ]] | ||||
| 93924283 | 0 | pr / fr / - / 1 / hi / world / europe / 4997380 . stm timeline : break - up of yugoslavia at bbc news ] [[ hsb : | južnosłowjanska | juhosłowjanska | ]] [[ category : yugoslavia | ]] [[ category : former countries in the balkans ]] [[ category : former countries in europe ]] [[ ar : يوغوسلافيا ]] [[ be | |||
| 98746734 | 1 | republic of yugoslavia | constitution of 1974 ]] to throw the system of decision - making into a state of paralysis , all the more hopeless as the conflict of interests | , fueled and icited by external supporters of the break - up between the republics , | had become irreconcilable . the constitutional crisis that inevitably followed played in favour of slovenia and croatia and their strongly expressed demands for looser ties within federation . in the summer | ||||
| 3 | the republics , had become irreconcilable . the constitutional crisis that inevitably followed played in favour of slovenia and croatia and their strongly expressed demands for looser ties within federation . | in the summer of 1991 the [[ european council ]] was finally prompted to warn austria that if it continued its energetic efforts to break up yugoslavia it would be excluded from eventual ec membership but even that threat did not stop austrian efforts . the [[ hungary | hungarian ]] government of [[ józsef antall ]] , elected in the spring of 1990 , adopted a policy very much in line with that of austria , but with additional hungarian goals [[ vis - à - vis ]] serbia ' s [[ vojvodina ]] province . {{ fact }} these manoeuvres by austria and hungary to break up yugoslavia were , of course , then overshadowed by the [[ germany | german ]] government ' s drive to derecognise yugoslavia through giving recognition to slovenia and croatia . the german government ' s open championing of yugoslavia ' s break - up did not occur until the late spring of 1991 , but long before that both slovenia and croatia were getting encouragement from [[ bonn ]] for their efforts . germany was only happy to help disappearance of the country it still owed almost a hundred billion us dollars in the name of world war ii reparations . {{ fact }} it was the money that helped germany to be born twice . first , when jugoslav president tito offered germany to repay the debt when it recovers from the repaying other countries , and then when germans realised that if jugoslavia disappears , germany could finance , otherwise disastrous , re - unification with east germany . if jugoslavia did not breakup , germany would not have been able to finance its own re - union . {{ fact }} there was thus a focused and co - ordinated coalition involving austria , germany , hungary and the vatican all pushing for the same goal : yugoslavia ' s break up . {{ fact }} this campaign on the surface , was not supported by the united states , which championed yugoslav unity as did [[ britain ]] and [[ france ]] . but for the us unity was not the main thing : its policy was principally governed by its concern to ensure the imposition of " shock therapy " on the country as a whole via the imf . as they always did , they kept the posture of trying to help , when in the background , through their vasals , us was pushing hard for the breakup , looking greedily at real estate and strategic positions around the country , along the long ago proposed highway to turkey . the only european states which did have a strategic interest in the yugoslav theatre tended to want to break it up . it would be wrong , of course , to suggest that there were no other , specifically yugoslav , structural flaws which helped to generate the collapse . many so - called " experts " would argue that the decentralised market socialism was a disastrous experiment for a state in yugoslavia ' s geopolitical situation . nothing could have been further from the truth , as the stellar growth and rapid industrialisation have demonstrated . so external enemies had to play through the system in order to destabilise the country and make it look like it was crumbling under its own problems . economy and the political system , being socialist one , were the great excuses for imperialist capitalism . the 1974 constitution , though better for the [[ kosovo | kosovar ]] [[ albanians ]] , gave too much to the republics , crippling the institutional and material power of the federal government . [[ josip broz tito | tito ]] ' s authority substituted for this weakness until his death in 1980 , after which the state and communist party became increasingly paralyzed and thrown into crisis . in 1990 - 1991 , then , yugoslavia was in the grip of a dynamic towards break - up despite the fact that the overwhelming majority of its population did not favour such a course | . in 1986 , the [[ serbian academy of sciences and arts ]] drafted a memorandum addressing some burning issues concerning position of [[ serbs ]] as the most numerous people | |||||
| 98951763 | 0 | as the conflict of interests had become irreconcilable . the constitutional crisis that inevitably followed played in favour of slovenia and croatia and their strongly expressed demands for looser ties within | the | federation . in 1986 , the [[ serbian academy of sciences and arts ]] drafted a memorandum addressing some burning issues concerning position of [[ serbs ]] as the most numerous | ||||
| 98954754 | 13 | june 26 ]] ) , the federal executive council speifically ordered the army to take control of the internationally recognized borders . the [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] forces | , | based in barracks in slovenia and croatia , attempted to carry out the task within next 48 hours . however , due to the misinformation given to the yugoslav army conscripts | ||||
| 102669832 | 0 | an armistice with germany at belgrade , ending eleven days of resistance against the invading german wehrmacht . more than three hundred thousand yugoslav officers and soldiers were taken prisoners . | = = = | the independent state of croatia = = = {{ main | independent state of croatia }} [[ image : jasenovac1 . jpg | thumb | in the [[ independent state of | ||||
| 105888134 | 0 | and society . = = = population = = = the population of the large yugoslavia in 1980 was 23 , 000 , 000 million . after it broke in 1990 | 13 | 15 | , 000 , 000 million . = = = the government = = = [[ image : proslavatito . jpg | thumb | right | 200px | 1968 . [[ league | |||
| 106967013 | 3 | , existed under various names , including the " democratic federation of idiots ( dfi ) " ( 1943 ) , the " federal people ' s republic of poopheads ( | fprp | fpry | ) " ( 1946 ) , and the " [[ socialist federal republic of dumbdumbs ]] ( sfrd ) " ( 1963 ) . it disintegrated following the [[ yugoslav wars | |||
| 107220473 | 3 | conflict of interests had become irreconcilable . the constitutional crisis that inevitably followed played in favour of slovenia and croatia and their strongly expressed demands for looser ties within the federation | , albanian majority in kosovo demanded the status of a republic , serbia sought absolute , not only relative dominion over yugoslavia | . in 1986 , the [[ serbian academy of sciences and arts ]] drafted a memorandum addressing some burning issues concerning position of [[ serbs ]] as the most numerous people | ||||
| 35 | [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] ( jna ) maintained an impression of being neutral , but as time went on , it was becoming more and more involved in | the | state politics . on [[ june 25 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , slovenia and croatia became the first republics to declare [[ independence ]] from yugoslavia . in slovenia , | |||||
| 50 | serbs ]] as the most numerous people in yugoslavia . although the largest yugoslav republic in territory and population , serbia had been dispossessed of its attributes of statehood by the | new | 1974 constitution . because its two autonomous provinces had de facto prerogatives of full - fledged republics , serbia found that its hands were tied , for the republican government could | |||||
| 57 | on [[ march 9 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] demonstrations were held against slobodan milošević in [[ belgrade ]] , but the police and the military were deployed in the streets | in order | to restore order , killing two people . in late march 1991 , the [[ plitvice lakes incident ]] was one of the first sparks of open war in croatia . | |||||
| 107864960 | 6 | fast due to several reasons , among them being the ever increasing ethnic tensions , and by [[ 1999 ]] they formed as little as 10 % of the total population | of the province | . less than a hundred years before , it was the other way around . meanwhile [[ slovenia ]] , under the presidency of [[ milan kučan ]] , and [[ | ||||
| 107899114 | 27 | now , their numbers were falling even faster due to ever increasing ethnic tensions , and by [[ 1999 ]] they formed as little as 10 % of the total population | of the province | . less than a hundred years before , it was the other way around . meanwhile [[ slovenia ]] , under the presidency of [[ milan kučan ]] , and [[ | ||||
| 107938591 | 20 | living in the coastal cities surrounded by slavs . [[ image : landsforserbia . png | thumb | right | 300px | lands offered to serbia by the allies in 1915 | . | ]] although in 1915 the serbian assembly had pledged itself to work for the liberation of all [[ serbs ]] , [[ croats ]] and [[ slovenes ]] , non - | ||||
| 22 | decided to attack yugoslavia on [[ april 6 ]] 1941 , followed immediately by an invasion of [[ greece ]] where [[ benito mussolini | mussolini ]] had previously been repelled | . | ( as a result , the launch of [[ operation barbarossa ]] was delayed by four weeks , which proved to be a costly decision . ) = = yugoslavia during | |||||
| 29 | . = = = breakup = = = {{ unreferenced | date = july 2006 }} {{ main | dissolution of yugoslavia }} after tito ' s death on [[ may | 4 | ]] [[ 1980 ]] , [[ ethnic group | ethnic ]] [[ tension ]] s grew in yugoslavia . they all used the legacy of the [[ constitution of the socialist | |||||
| 109375448 | 0 | and society . = = = population = = = the population of the large yugoslavia in 1980 was 23 , 000 , 000 million . after it broke in 1990 | it was | 15 , 200 , 000 million . = = = the government = = = | first anti - fascist armed unit in europe was marked in brezovica forest near croatian town of [[ sisak ]] ( 60 kilometres south of zagreb ) where , at [[ | |||
| 165059312 | 4 | www . pww . org / article / articleprint / 10551 / < / ref > was established , the largest of its kind anywhere in [[ southern europe ]] . | immediate post - war propaganda claimed that | between 300 , 000 and 700 , 000 people perished in this [[ genocide | jasenovac concentration camp ]] ( supervised directly by the [[ croatian ]] wartime politicians such as | ||||
| 165062781 | 0 | satellite in the region . it has acquired [[ fascist ]] racial policy , declaring [[ serbs ]] , [[ jews ]] and [[ roma ]] the enemies of the state | . consequently | , in what was to become the beginning of the [[ jasenovac concentration camp modelled on similar institutions elsewhere ] < ref > http : / / www . jasenovac . | ||||
| 2 | , [[ jews ]] and [[ roma ]] the enemies of the state , in what was to become the beginning of the [[ jasenovac concentration camp modelled on similar institutions | in occupied europe where | established . immediate post - war propaganda claimed that between 300 , 000 and 700 , 000 people perished in this [[ genocide | jasenovac concentration camp ]] ( supervised directly | |||||
| 165066939 | 0 | roma ]] and 32 , 000 jews . however , subsequent research has determined those figures to be grossly over - inflated and that the real numbers amounted to c . | 45000 | 60000 | to 50000 in total - of all nationalities from former yugoslavia . , < ref > http : / / www . jasenovac . org / < / ref > < | |||
| 2 | 000 jews . however , subsequent research has determined those figures to be grossly over - inflated and that the real numbers amounted to c . 45000 to 50000 in total | ( bespuća povijesne zbiljnosti ( 1989 . ) ) | - of all nationalities from former yugoslavia . , < ref > http : / / www . jasenovac . org / < / ref > < ref > http : | |||||
| 168324388 | 1 | ]] . during this time the independent state of croatia created concentration camps for anti - fascists , communists , serbs , gypsies and jews , one of them being jasenovac | ]] | . a large number of men , women and children , mostly serbs , were executed in these camps . members of various yugoslav nationalities were recruited into the [[ ss | ||||
| 168734899 | 0 | of [[ south slavs ]] ' ' ) describes three political entities that existed one at a time on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the | [[ | 20th century ]] . the six countries that were once part of yugoslavia are [[ bosnia - herzegovina ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ fyrom | macedonia ]] , [[ | ||||
| 4 | established as a [[ nazi ]] [[ puppet state ]] , ruled by the [[ fascism | fascist ]] militia known as the [[ ustaše ]] that came into existence in | [[ | 1929 ]] , but was relatively limited in its activities until [[ 1941 ]] . a [[ serbia ( 1941 - 1944 ) | serbian state ]] was also established as | |||||
| 5 | a [[ nazi ]] [[ puppet state ]] , ruled by the [[ fascism | fascist ]] militia known as the [[ ustaše ]] that came into existence in [[ 1929 | ]] | , but was relatively limited in its activities until [[ 1941 ]] . a [[ serbia ( 1941 - 1944 ) | serbian state ]] was also established as another puppet | |||||
| 6 | by the [[ fascism | fascist ]] militia known as the [[ ustaše ]] that came into existence in [[ 1929 ]] , but was relatively limited in its activities until | [[ | 1941 ]] . a [[ serbia ( 1941 - 1944 ) | serbian state ]] was also established as another puppet state . german troops occupied [[ bosnia ]] and [[ | |||||
| 171318543 | 2 | those inclined towards supporting the old kingdom of yugoslavia joined the [[ yugoslav army in the fatherland ]] , also known as the chetniks ( who later openly collaborated with the | german occupation forces ) | , a multiethnic , though largely serb , royalist guerilla army led by [[ draža mihajlović | dragoljub " draža " mihailović ]] . those inclined towards supporting the [[ communist | ||||
| 174935495 | 0 | of [[ south slavs ]] ' ' ) describes three political entities that existed one at a time on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the | [[ | 20th century . the six countries that were once part of yugoslavia are [[ bosnia - herzegovina ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ fyrom | macedonia ]] , [[ montenegro | ||||
| 175941098 | 0 | špegelj tapes | video of a secret meeting ]] between croatian defence minister martin špegelj and two men . špegelj announced that they were at war with the army and gave | instructions | instructiohdsfhlsdahdflashdahdlasfhdlasfahsfhdsjlfhjsladflhfjlashfhdslaflasfhdlsahfhdsfjhs | about arms smuggling as well as methods of dealing with the yugoslav army ' s officers stationed in croatian cities . serbia and jna used this discovery of croatian rearmament for | |||
| 175941212 | 0 | špegelj tapes | video of a secret meeting ]] between croatian defence minister martin špegelj and two men . špegelj announced that they were at war with the army and gave | instructiohdsfhlsdahdflashdahdlasfhdlasfahsfhdsjlfhjsladflhfjlashfhdslaflasfhdlsahfhdsfjhs | instructions | about arms smuggling as well as methods of dealing with the yugoslav army ' s officers stationed in croatian cities . serbia and jna used this discovery of croatian rearmament for | |||
| 177755721 | 8 | the war in eastern bosnia 1992 - 1995 ' ' . fantagraphics books , january 2002 * silber , laura and allan little : " yugoslavia : death of a nation | ' ' | . " new york : penguin books , 1997 * [[ rebecca west | west , rebecca ]] : ' ' black lamb and gray falcon : a journey through yugoslavia | ||||
| 12 | lamb and gray falcon : a journey through yugoslavia ' ' . viking , 1941 * white t . another fool in the balkans - in the footsteps of rebecca west | ' ' | . cadogan guides , london , 2006 * [[ misha glenny ]] : ' ' the fall of yugoslavia : the third balkan war ' ' , isbn 0 - 14 | |||||
| 15 | time . com / time / magazine / article / 0 , 9171 , 796967 , 00 . html new power ] " sarajevo roses : war memoirs of a peacekeeper | ' ' | . " anne marie du preez bezdrob . oshun , 2002 . isbn 177007031 = = legacy = = = = = new states = = = the present - day | |||||
| 183584544 | 2 | january ]] [[ 1929 ]] by [[ alexander i of yugoslavia ]] . it was invaded on [[ 6 april ]] [[ 1941 ]] by the [[ axis powers ]] and | it ' s army | capitulated eleven days later . ( sfry ) " ( 1963 ) . starting in 1991 , the sfry disintegrated in the [[ yugoslav wars ]] which followed the secession of | ||||
| 184062418 | 5 | hungary ]] , and [[ italy ]] . during this time the independent state of croatia created concentration camps for anti - fascists , communists , serbs , gypsies and jews | ]] | , one of them being [[ jasenovac ]] . a large number of men , women and children , mostly serbs , were executed in these camps . members of various | ||||
| 192073726 | 11 | ]] [[ 1941 ]] by the [[ axis powers ]] and its army capitulated eleven days later . the legal royal government in exile was recognized and supported by allied forces | ]] | . in 1943 , the communist led resistance movement proclaimed a new country called democratic federal yugoslavia . the kingdom was officially abolished in 1945 . in [[ 1946 ]] , | ||||
| 14 | = background = = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} the idea for a single state for all [[ south slavs | south slavic peoples ]] emerged in the late | [[ | 17th century and gained prominence in the 19th century [[ illyrian movement ]] but never came to culmination . during the early period of [[ world war i ]] , a | |||||
| 192075557 | 23 | axis powers ]] and its army capitulated eleven days later . the legal royal government in exile was recognised and supported by [[ allies of world war ii | allied forces | ]] | . in 1943 , the communist - led resistance movement proclaimed a new country called democratic federal yugoslavia . the kingdom was officially abolished in 1945 . in [[ 1946 ]] | ||||
| 26 | = background = = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} the idea for a single state for all [[ south slavs | south slavic peoples ]] emerged in the late | [[ | 17th century ]] and gained prominence in the [[ 19th century ]] [[ illyrian movement ]] but never came to culmination . during the early period of [[ world war i | |||||
| 28 | yugoslavia }} the idea for a single state for all [[ south slavs | south slavic peoples ]] emerged in the late [[ 17th century ]] and gained prominence in the | [[ | 19th century ]] [[ illyrian movement ]] but never came to culmination . during the early period of [[ world war i ]] , a number of prominent political figures from | |||||
| 192971553 | 0 | albanians | ethnic albanian ]] miners in [[ kosovo ]] organized strikes , which dovetailed into ethnic conflict between the albanians and the non - albanians in the province . at | 77 | 87 | % of the [[ demographic history of kosovo # 1968 - 1989 : autonomy | population of kosovo in the 1980s ]] , ethnic - albanians were the majority . the | |||
| 193024015 | 0 | led by [[ josip broz tito ]] , a croatian national . chetniks were allies of united states in europe and they saved over 150 american pilots during operation : " | vatdušni | vazdušni | most " . | the first anti - fascist armed unit in europe was marked in brezovica forest near croatian town of [[ sisak ]] ( 60 kilometres south of zagreb ) where , at [[ june 22 ]] [[ 1941 ]] . , local anti - fascist formed [[ prvi sisački partizanski odred ]] ( ' ' first sisak partisan squad ' ' ) . | the nov initiated a [[ guerrilla warfare | guerrilla ]] campaign which was developed into the largest resistance army in occupied western and central europe . the chetniks initially made notable | |
| 195594690 | 1 | , montenegro officially declared its independence , with serbia following suit two days later , effectively dissolving the last vestige of the former yugoslavia . kosovo declared independence in february 2008 | , but is not yet a member of the united nations and is only recognised by 22 governments | . = = legacy = = = = = new states = = = the present - day countries created from the former parts of yugoslavia are : * [[ bosnia | ||||
| 196848855 | 1 | in [[ 1946 ]] , the country was renamed to federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia . the parliamentary democracy was suspended and a communist state was established . in | 1963 | 1933 | , the country was renamed again to ' ' ' [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' ( sfry ) . starting in [[ 1991 ]] , the | |||
| 5 | was the unification of the south slav lands with the [[ kingdom of serbia ]] ( which was independent although occupied at the time ) . with the defeat of the | monkeys in | world war i [[ central powers ]] and the collapse of the austria - hungary in late 1918 , various south slavic territories were quickly amalgamated to form the kingdom of | |||||
| 196860958 | 2 | south slav lands with the [[ kingdom of serbia ]] ( which was independent although occupied at the time ) . with the defeat of the monkeys in world war i | [[ central powers ]] | and the collapse of the local mcdonald ' s in late 1990 , various south slavic territories were quickly botched together to form the kingdom of hearts , croats and slovenes | ||||
| 196934768 | 0 | in [[ 1956 ]] , the country was renamed to federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia . the parliamentary democracy was suspended and a communist state was established . in | 1933 | 1963 | , the country was renamed again to ' ' ' [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' ( sfry ) . starting in [[ 1921 ]] , the | |||
| 198259167 | 0 | and supported by allied forces . in 1943 , the communist led resistance movement proclaimed a new country called democratic federal yugoslavia . the kingdom was officially abolished in 1945 . | i am the official ruler of yugoslavia . i am so f - ing cool . | in [[ 1956 ]] , the country was renamed to federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia . the parliamentary democracy was suspended and a communist state was established . in | ||||
| 198259271 | 0 | and supported by allied forces . in 1943 , the communist led resistance movement proclaimed a new country called democratic federal yugoslavia . the kingdom was officially abolished in 1945 . | i am the official ruler of yugoslavia . i am so f - ing cool . | in [[ 1956 ]] , the country was renamed to federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia . the parliamentary democracy was suspended and a communist state was established . in | ||||
| 198321125 | 0 | renamed the country yugoslavia . he hoped to curb separatist tendencies and mitigate nationalist passions . however , alexander ' s policies soon ran into the obstacle of opposition from other | [[ | european powers due to developments in [[ italy ]] and [[ germany ]] , where [[ fascism | fascists ]] and [[ nazism | nazis ]] rose to power , and | ||||
| 1 | the country yugoslavia . he hoped to curb separatist tendencies and mitigate nationalist passions . however , alexander ' s policies soon ran into the obstacle of opposition from other european | ]] | powers due to developments in [[ italy ]] and [[ germany ]] , where [[ fascism | fascists ]] and [[ nazism | nazis ]] rose to power , and the | |||||
| 198563516 | 0 | accept a status of a national minority in a sovereign croatia , since they would be demoted from a constituent nation of croatia and this would consequently diminish their rights . | = = | the war . the war broke out when the new regimes tried to replace yugoslav civilian and military forces by the secessionist forces . when in august 1990 croatia attempted to | ||||
| 200575216 | 1 | ]] , [[ serbia ]] , and [[ slovenia ]] . [[ kosovo ]] formerly an autonomous province of serbia is a partially recognized state after it also declared its independence | in 2008 | but was not a socialist republic of the former yugoslavia it had the status of a socialist autonomous province within serbia along with [[ vojvodina ]] . the ' ' ' | ||||
| 203556024 | 4 | montenegro ]] , [[ serbia ]] , and [[ slovenia ]] . [[ kosovo ]] , formerly an autonomous province of serbia , is a partially recognized state which declared its | highly disputed | independence in 2008 . it was not a socialist republic of the former yugoslavia ; it had the status of a socialist [[ autonomous province ]] within serbia along with [[ | ||||
| 204154678 | 0 | hoped to curb separatist tendencies and mitigate nationalist passions . however , alexander ' s policies soon ran into the obstacle of opposition from other [[ european ]] powers due to | suck my balls ! ! ! ! ! ! ! lol | developments in [[ italy ]] and [[ germany ]] , where [[ fascism | fascists ]] and [[ nazism | nazis ]] rose to power , and the [[ soviet union | ||||
| 204154688 | 0 | hoped to curb separatist tendencies and mitigate nationalist passions . however , alexander ' s policies soon ran into the obstacle of opposition from other [[ european ]] powers due to | suck my balls ! ! ! ! ! ! ! lol | developments in [[ italy ]] and [[ germany ]] , where [[ fascism | fascists ]] and [[ nazism | nazis ]] rose to power , and the [[ soviet union | ||||
| 206238504 | 1 | yugoslavia . he hoped to curb separatist tendencies and mitigate nationalist passions . however , alexander ' s policies soon ran into the obstacle of opposition from other [[ european ]] | an | powers due to developments in [[ italy ]] and [[ germany ]] , where [[ fascism | fascists ]] and [[ nazism | nazis ]] rose to power , and the | ||||
| 206751541 | 21 | ' the land of [[ south slavs ]] ' ' ) describes three political entities that existed successively on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the | [[ | 20th century ]] . the constituent socialist republics of yugoslavia , from north to south , [[ slovenia ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ | ||||
| 206782702 | 0 | s dictatorship was to further alienate the non - serbs from the idea of unity . the king was assassinated in [[ marseille ]] during an official visit to france in | 1934 | 1292 b . c . | by an experienced [[ vlado chernozemski | marksman ]] from [[ ivan mihailov | ivan mihailov ' s ]] [[ internal macedonian revolutionary organization ]] in the cooperation of the [[ | |||
| 206809460 | 0 | slavia " , or literally ' ' the land of [[ south slavs ]] ' ' ) describes three political entities that existed successively on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in | [[ | europe , during most of the 20th century . the first country by this name was the " [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] " , which before 3 october 1929 was | ||||
| 1 | " , or literally ' ' the land of [[ south slavs ]] ' ' ) describes three political entities that existed successively on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe | ]] | , during most of the 20th century . the first country by this name was the " [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] " , which before 3 october 1929 was known | |||||
| 2 | ' the land of [[ south slavs ]] ' ' ) describes three political entities that existed successively on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the | [[ | 20th century . the first country by this name was the " [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] " , which before 3 october 1929 was known as the " kingdom of | |||||
| 10 | to the events that followed , was officially abolished in 1945 . the second country by this name was " democratic federal yugoslavia " , proclaimed in 1943 by the communist | ]] | resistance movement in world war ii . it was renamed to the " federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia " in 1956 , when a communist government was established . | |||||
| 11 | that followed , was officially abolished in 1945 . the second country by this name was " democratic federal yugoslavia " , proclaimed in 1943 by the communist resistance movement in | [[ | world war ii . it was renamed to the " federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia " in 1956 , when a communist government was established . in 1963 , | |||||
| 12 | was officially abolished in 1945 . the second country by this name was " democratic federal yugoslavia " , proclaimed in 1943 by the communist resistance movement in world war ii | ]] | . it was renamed to the " federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia " in 1956 , when a communist government was established . in 1963 , it was renamed | |||||
| 14 | movement in world war ii . it was renamed to the " federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia " in 1956 , when a communist government was established . in | [[ | 1963 , it was renamed again to the " [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] " ( sfry ) . the constituent socialist republics that made up the country , | |||||
| 15 | in world war ii . it was renamed to the " federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia " in 1956 , when a communist government was established . in 1963 | ]] | , it was renamed again to the " [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] " ( sfry ) . the constituent socialist republics that made up the country , from | |||||
| 16 | of [[ vojvodina ]] and [[ kosovo ]] ) and [[ sr macedonia ]] . starting in 1991 , the sfry disintegrated in the [[ yugoslav wars ]] which followed the | [[ | secession of most of the republic ' s constituent entities . the last country to bear the name was the " [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] " ( fry ) | |||||
| 17 | [[ vojvodina ]] and [[ kosovo ]] ) and [[ sr macedonia ]] . starting in 1991 , the sfry disintegrated in the [[ yugoslav wars ]] which followed the secession | ]] | of most of the republic ' s constituent entities . the last country to bear the name was the " [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] " ( fry ) established | |||||
| 208434206 | 0 | right | 200px | general location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years ]] the yugoslavian people came to the balkans in the | 7th | 17th | century posed as barbarians ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( " jugoslavija " in [[ serbo - croatian language | serbo - croatian ]] ( [[ gaj ' s | |||
| 212538131 | 0 | dissolving the last vestige of the former yugoslavia . kosovo declared independence in february 2008 , but is not yet a member of the united nations and is only recognised by | 22 | 40 | governments . = = legacy = = = = = new states = = = the present - day countries created from the former parts of yugoslavia are : * [[ | |||
| 214002102 | 0 | dissolving the last vestige of the former yugoslavia . kosovo declared independence in february 2008 , but is not yet a member of the united nations and is only recognised by | 40 | 41 | governments . = = legacy = = = = = new states = = = the present - day countries created from the former parts of yugoslavia are : * [[ | |||
| 216850189 | 0 | as republic day after the war ) . = = = the liberation of yugoslavia = = = [[ image : liberationofbelgrademedal . jpg | 110px | left | thumb | | c70 | ca . 70 | , 000 soviet and allied personnel were awarded the medal for the liberation of belgrade from 21st june 1961 . ]] the nov was able to expel the axis from serbia | |||
| 5 | liberation army | kla ]] * [[ march 24 ]] - [[ june 10 ]] , [[ 1999 ]] , nato bombing of fr yugoslavia * june 1999 , un and | [[ | nato administration arrived in kosovo * [[ february 5 ]] , [[ 2003 ]] , state union of serbia and montenegro announced * [[ june 5 ]] , [[ 2006 ]] | |||||
| 21 | * [ http : / / www . foia . cia . gov / cpe / esau / esau - 46 . pdf " yugoslavia : the outworn structure " ( | [[ | cia ) report from november 1970 ] * [ http : / / news . bbc . co . uk / go / pr / fr / - / 1 / | |||||
| 22 | [ http : / / www . foia . cia . gov / cpe / esau / esau - 46 . pdf " yugoslavia : the outworn structure " ( cia | ]] | ) report from november 1970 ] * [ http : / / news . bbc . co . uk / go / pr / fr / - / 1 / hi | |||||
| 219529741 | 0 | land of [[ south slavs ]] ' ' ) describes three political entities that existed successively on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in [[ europe ]] , during most of the | [[ | 20th century ]] . the first country to be known by this name was the " [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] " , which before [[ 3 october ]] , [[ | ||||
| 2 | in 1941 , and because of the events that followed , was officially abolished in 1945 . the country with this name was " democratic federal yugoslavia " , proclaimed in | [[ | 1943 ]] by the [[ communist ]] resistance movement in [[ world war ii ]] . it was renamed to the " federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia " in | |||||
| 5 | by the [[ communist ]] resistance movement in [[ world war ii ]] . it was renamed to the " federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia " in [[ 1946 | ]] | , when a communist government was established . in [[ 1963 ]] , it was renamed again to the " [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] " ( sfry ) | |||||
| 6 | war ii ]] . it was renamed to the " federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia " in [[ 1946 ]] , when a communist government was established . in | [[ | 1963 ]] , it was renamed again to the " [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] " ( sfry ) . the constituent socialist republics that made up the country | |||||
| 222069162 | 0 | was the unification of the south slav lands with the [[ kingdom of serbia ]] ( which was independent although occupied at the time ) . with the defeat of the | [[ | central powers ]] in world war i and the collapse of the austro - hungarian empire , various south slavic territories were quickly grouped together to form the kingdom of serbs | ||||
| 1 | of the south slav lands with the [[ kingdom of serbia ]] ( which was independent although occupied at the time ) . with the defeat of the [[ central powers | ]] | in world war i and the collapse of the austro - hungarian empire , various south slavic territories were quickly grouped together to form the kingdom of serbs , croats and | |||||
| 222070197 | 0 | was the unification of the south slav lands with the [[ kingdom of serbia ]] ( which was independent although occupied at the time ) . with the defeat of the | [[ | central powers in world war i and the collapse of the austro - hungarian empire , various south slavic territories were quickly grouped together to form the kingdom of serbs , | ||||
| 1 | unification of the south slav lands with the [[ kingdom of serbia ]] ( which was independent although occupied at the time ) . with the defeat of the central powers | ]] | in world war i and the collapse of the austro - hungarian empire , various south slavic territories were quickly grouped together to form the kingdom of serbs , croats and | |||||
| 227300117 | 0 | dissolving the last vestige of the former yugoslavia . kosovo declared independence in february 2008 , but is not yet a member of the united nations and is only recognised by | 41 | 43 | governments . = = legacy = = = = = new states = = = the present - day countries created from the former parts of yugoslavia are : * [[ | |||
| 231803887 | 12 | land of [[ south slavs ]] ' ' ) describes three political entities that existed successively on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in [[ europe ]] , during most of the | [[ | 20th century . the first country to be known by this name was the " [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] " , which before [[ 3 october ]] , [[ 1929 | ||||
| 231804913 | 6 | of the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , and the emigration loyal to the king , led to the [[ tito - šubašić agreement ]] in june 1944 , however tito | ]] | was seen as a national hero by the citizens , so he gained the power in post - war independent [[ communism | communist ]] state , starting as a [[ | ||||
| 231807278 | 18 | as too high , the chetniks terminated war activities against the germans , and the allies eventually switched to support the nov . however , nov carried on its guerrilla warfare | with great success | . the [[ demography | demographic ]] loss is estimated at 1 , 027 , 000 individuals by [[ vladimir zerjavic ]] and [[ bogoljub kočović ]] , an estimate accepted | ||||
| 231810308 | 0 | {st@rt} {{ see also | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ image : locationyugoslavia2 . png | thumb | right | | 200px | 300px | | general location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ serbo - croatian | |||
| 9 | [[ changes in yugoslavian religious demographics ]] = = = the government = = = on [[ 7 april ]] [[ 1963 ]] the nation changed its official name | |||||||
| 10 | in yugoslavian religious demographics ]] = = = the government = = = on [[ 7 april ]] [[ 1963 ]] the nation changed its official name to | |||||||
| 232995617 | 1 | image : flag of croatia . svg | [[ croatia ]] image : flag of kosovo . svg | [[ kosovo ]] ( status as an independent country is in dispute | ]] | ) image : flag of macedonia . svg | [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] image : flag of montenegro . svg | [[ montenegro ]] image : flag of | ||||
| 234144443 | 0 | ten - day war ]] . the [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] forces , based in barracks in slovenia and croatia , attempted to carry out the task within | the | next 48 hours . however , because of the misinformation given to the yugoslav army conscripts that the federation is under attack by foreign forces , and the fact that the | ||||
| 241009598 | 1 | century ]] . the first country to be known by this name was the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , which before [[ 3 october ]] , [[ 1929 ]] was | known | fudheknown | as the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes . it was established on [[ 1 december ]] , [[ 1918 ]] by the union of the [[ state of slovenes | |||
| 241009636 | 1 | century ]] . the first country to be known by this name was the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , which before [[ 3 october ]] , [[ 1929 ]] was | fudheknown | known | as the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes . it was established on [[ 1 december ]] , [[ 1918 ]] by the union of the [[ state of slovenes | |||
| 241638823 | 13 | western and central europe . the chetniks were initially supported by the exiled royal government as well as the [[ allies ]] , but soon focused increasingly on combating the partisans | , while cooperating with the occupation forces to an ever greater extent | . by the end of the war , the chetnik movement transformed into a collaborationist serb nationalist militia , completely dependent on axis supplies . < ref > 7david martin , | ||||
| 241739997 | 6 | western and central europe . the chetniks were supported by the exiled royal government as well as the [[ allies ]] , but were soon drawn into combat with the partisans | , while cooperating with the occupation forces to an ever greater extent | . before the end of the war , the chetnik movement would complete the single largest evacuation of american forces behind enemy lines . the [[ chetniks and partisans ]] were | ||||
| 242046107 | 0 | [[ image : locationyugoslavia2 . png | thumb | right | 300px | general location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years ]] | ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ serbo - croatian language | serbo - croatian ]] , [[ croatian language | croatian ]] , [[ serbian language | serbian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' ; [[ serbian cyrillic alphabet | cyrillic script ]] : југославија ; literally in [[ english language | english ]] : " south slavia " or " land of [[ south slavs ]] " ) is a term that describes three political entities that existed successively on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in [[ europe ]] , during most of the [[ 20th century ]] . the first country to be known by this name was the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , which before [[ 3 october ]] , [[ 1929 ]] was known as the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes . it was established on [[ 1 december ]] , [[ 1918 ]] by the union of the [[ state of slovenes , croats and serbs ]] and the [[ kingdom of serbia ]] . it was invaded by the [[ axis powers ]] in 1941 , and because of the events that followed , was officially abolished in 1945 . the second country with this name was the democratic federal yugoslavia , proclaimed in 1943 by the [[ yugoslav partisans ]] resistance movement in [[ world war ii ]] . it was renamed to the federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia in 1946 , when a communist government was established . in 1963 , it was renamed again to the [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( sfry ) . this was the largest yugoslav state , as [[ istria ]] and [[ rijeka ]] were added to the new yugoslavia after the end of world war ii . the constituent socialist republics that made up the country , were : [[ sr bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ sr croatia ]] , [[ sr macedonia ]] , [[ sr montenegro ]] , [[ sr serbia ]] ( including the [[ autonomy | autonomous ]] provinces of [[ sap vojvodina ]] and [[ sap kosovo and metohija ]] , later simply [[ sap kosovo ]] ) and [[ sr slovenia ]] . starting in 1991 , the sfry disintegrated in the [[ yugoslav wars ]] which followed the [[ secession ]] of most of the republic ' s constituent entities . the last country to bear the name was the [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( fry ) established on [[ march 27 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] . it was a [[ federation ]] on the territory of the two remaining ( non - secessionist ) republics of [[ serbia ]] ( including the autonomous provinces of [[ vojvodina ]] and [[ autonomous province of kosovo and metohija ( 1990 - 1999 ) | kosovo ]] ) and [[ montenegro ]] . on [[ february 4 ]] , [[ 2003 ]] , it was renamed to the [[ state union of serbia and montenegro ]] , and officially abolished the name " yugoslavia " . on [[ june 3 ]] and [[ june 5 ]] , [[ 2006 ]] respectively , [[ montenegro ]] and [[ serbia ]] declared independence , thereby ending the yugoslav state . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} the idea for a single state for all [[ south slavs ]] emerged in the late 17th century and gained prominence in the 19th century [[ illyrian movement ]] but never came to culmination . during the early period of [[ world war i ]] , a number of prominent political figures from south slavic lands under the [[ house of habsburg | habsburg ]] [[ austro - hungarian empire ]] fled to [[ london ]] , where they began work on forming the [[ yugoslav committee ]] to represent the southern slavs of austria - hungary . these yugoslavs were citizens who identified themselves with the movement toward a single yugoslav or south slavic state and the committee ' s basic aim was the unification of the south slav lands with the [[ kingdom of serbia ]] ( which was independent although occupied at the time ) . with the defeat of the [[ central powers ]] in world war i and the collapse of the austro - hungarian empire , various south slavic territories were quickly grouped together to form the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes which was proclaimed on [[ 1 december ]] [[ 1918 ]] in [[ belgrade ]] . the new kingdom was made up of the formerly independent kingdoms of serbia and [[ kingdom of montenegro | montenegro ]] ( which had unified in the previous month ) , as well as a substantial amount of territory that was formerly part of [[ austria - hungary ]] , the [[ state of slovenes , croats and serbs ]] . the lands previously in austria - hungary that formed the new state included [[ croatia ]] , [[ slavonia ]] and [[ vojvodina ]] from the [[ hungary | hungarian ]] part of the empire , [[ carniola ]] , part of [[ styria ( duchy ) | styria ]] and most of [[ dalmatia ]] from the [[ cisleithania | austrian ]] part , and the crown province of [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] . = = kingdom of yugoslavia = = [[ image : jugo - slavia , 1919 . png | thumb | 250px | right | map of yugoslavia in 1919 showing the provisional borders in the [[ aftermath of world war i ]] before the treaties of [[ treaty of neuilly - sur - seine | neuilly ]] , [[ treaty of trianon | trianon ]] and [[ treaty of rapallo | rapallo ]] ]] [[ image : banovine kj . jpg | thumb | 250px | right | map showing [[ kingdom of yugoslavia # internal divisions | banovinas ]] in 1929 ]] {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia }} = = = 1918 - 1928 = = = * [[ vidovdan constitution ]] * [[ treaty of rapallo , 1920 ]] * banning of the [[ cpy | communist party ]] * [[ kingdom of serbs , croats , and slovenes election , 1923 | election 1923 ]] * [[ treaty of rome , 1924 ]] * assassination of [[ stjepan radić ]] = = = king alexander ' s period = = = king [[ alexander i of yugoslavia | alexander i ]] banned national political parties in 1929 , assumed executive power and renamed the country yugoslavia . he hoped to curb separatist tendencies and mitigate nationalist passions . however , alexander ' s policies soon ran into the obstacle of opposition from other [[ europe ]] an powers stemming from developments in [[ italy ]] and [[ germany ]] , where [[ fascism | fascists ]] and [[ nazism | nazis ]] rose to power , and the [[ soviet union ]] , where [[ joseph stalin | stalin ]] became absolute ruler . none of these three regimes favored the policy pursued by alexander i . in fact , [[ italy ]] and [[ germany ]] wanted to revise the international treaties signed after world war i , and the soviets were determined to regain their positions in europe and pursue a more active international policy . alexander attempted to create a genuine yugoslavia . he decided to abolish yugoslavia ' s historic regions , and new internal boundaries were drawn for provinces or banovinas . the banovinas were named after rivers . many politicians were jailed or kept under tight police surveillance . the effect of alexander ' s dictatorship was to further alienate the non - serbs from the idea of unity . the king was assassinated in [[ marseille ]] during an official visit to france in 1934 by an experienced [[ vlado chernozemski | marksman ]] from [[ ivan mihailov | ivan mihailov ' s ]] [[ internal macedonian revolutionary organization ]] in the cooperation of the [[ ustaše ]] , a croatian separatist organization . alexsandar was succeeded by his eleven year old son [[ peter ii of yugoslavia | peter ii ]] and a regency council headed by his cousin [[ prince paul of yugoslavia | prince paul ]] . = = = the 1930s in yugoslavia = = = the international political scene in the late 1930s was marked by growing intolerance between the principal figures , by the aggressive attitude of the [[ totalitarianism | totalitarian ]] regimes and by the certainty that the order set up after world war i was losing its strongholds and its sponsors were losing their strength . supported and pressured by [[ italian fascism | fascist italy ]] and [[ nazi germany ]] , croatian leader [[ vlatko maček ]] and his party managed the creation of the [[ banovina of croatia | croatian banovina ]] ( administrative province ) in 1939 . the agreement specified that croatia was to remain part of yugoslavia , but it was hurriedly building an independent political identity in international relations . prince paul submitted to the fascist pressure and signed the [[ tripartite treaty ]] in [[ vienna ]] on [[ march 25 ]] , [[ 1941 ]] , hoping to still keep yugoslavia out of the war . but this was at the expense of popular support for paul ' s regency . senior military officers were also opposed to the treaty and launched a [[ coup d ' état ]] when the king returned on march 27 . army general [[ dušan simović ]] seized power , arrested the vienna delegation , exiled paul , and ended the regency , giving 17 year old [[ peter ii of yugoslavia | king peter ]] full powers . = = = the beginning of world war ii in yugoslavia = = = [[ adolf hitler | hitler ]] then decided to attack yugoslavia on [[ april 6 ]] [[ 1941 ]] , followed immediately by an invasion of [[ greece ]] where [[ benito mussolini | mussolini ]] had previously been repelled . ( as a result , the launch of [[ operation barbarossa ]] was delayed by four weeks , which proved to be a costly decision . ) {{ fact | date = october 2007 }} = = sfr yugoslavia = = {{ main | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ image : sfryugoslavianumbered . png | thumb | 250px | right | numbered map of yugoslav republics and provinces . ]] on [[ january 31 ]] , [[ 1946 ]] , the new [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution ]] of [[ federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ]] , modeling the [[ soviet union ]] , established six socialist republics , a socialist autonomous province , and a socialist autonomous district that were part of sr serbia . the federal capital was [[ belgrade ]] . republics and provinces were ( in alphabetical order ) : # [[ socialist republic of bosnia and herzegovina ]] , with the capital in [[ sarajevo ]] , # [[ socialist republic of croatia ]] , with the capital in [[ zagreb ]] , # [[ socialist republic of macedonia ]] , with the capital in [[ skopje ]] , # [[ socialist republic of montenegro ]] , with the capital in [[ podgorica | titograd ]] ( now podgorica ) , # [[ socialist republic of serbia ]] , with the capital in [[ belgrade ]] , which also contained : < br / > 5a . [[ socialist autonomous province of kosovo ]] and metohija , with the capital in [[ priština ]] < br / > 5b . [[ socialist autonomous province of vojvodina ]] , with the capital in [[ novi sad ]] # [[ socialist republic of slovenia ]] , with the capital in [[ ljubljana ]] . in 1974 , the two provinces of vojvodina and kosovo - metohija ( for the latter had by then been upgraded to the status of a province ) , as well as the republics of bosnia & herzegovina and montenegro , were granted greater autonomy to the point that albanian and hungarian became nationally recognised minority languages and the serbo - croat of bosnia and montenegro altered to a form based on the speech of the local people and not on the standards of zagreb and belgrade . [[ vojvodina ]] and [[ kosovo - metohija ]] form a part of the republic of [[ serbia ]] . the country distanced itself from the soviets in 1948 ( cf . [[ cominform ]] and [[ informbiro ]] ) and started to build its own way to [[ socialism ]] under the strong political leadership of [[ josip broz tito ]] . the country criticized both [[ eastern bloc ]] and [[ nato ]] nations and , together with other countries , started the [[ non - aligned movement ]] in 1961 , which remained the official affiliation of the country until it dissolved . = = = demographics = = = {{ main | demographics of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} the population of yugoslavia according to the 1981 census was 22 . 4 million . [[ changes in yugoslavian religious demographics ]] = = = the government = = = [[ image : proslavatito . jpg | thumb | right | 250px | the 1968 [[ league of communists of yugoslavia ]] celebration . ]] on [[ 7 april ]] [[ 1963 ]] the nation changed its official name to [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] and [[ josip broz tito | tito ]] was named [[ president for life ]] . in the sfry , each republic and province had its own constitution , supreme court , parliament , president and prime minister . at the top of the yugoslav government were the president ( tito ) , the federal prime minister , and the federal parliament ( a collective presidency was formed after tito ' s death in 1980 ) . also important were the [[ communist party of yugoslavia | communist party ]] general secretaries for each republic and province , and the general secretary of central committee of the communist party . josip broz tito was the most powerful person in the country , followed by republican and provincial premiers and presidents , and communist party presidents . a wide variety of people suffered from his disfavor . slobodan penezić krcun , tito ' s chief of secret police in serbia , fell victim to a dubious traffic incident after he started to complain about tito ' s politics . the interior minister [[ aleksandar ranković ]] lost all of his titles and rights after a major disagreement with tito regarding state politics . sometimes ministers in government , such as [[ edvard kardelj ]] or [[ stane dolanc ]] , were more important than the prime minister . the suppression of national identities escalated with the so - called [[ croatian spring ]] of 1970 - 1971 , when students in [[ zagreb ]] organized demonstrations for greater civil liberties and greater [[ croatia ]] n autonomy . the regime stifled the public protest and incarcerated the leaders , but many key croatian representatives in the party silently supported this cause , so a new [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution ]] was ratified in 1974 that gave more rights to the individual republics in yugoslavia and provinces in serbia . = = = ethnic tensions and the economic crisis = = = the post - [[ world war ii ]] yugoslavia was in many respects a model of how to build a multinational state . the federation was constructed against a double background : an inter - war yugoslavia which had been dominated by the [[ serbs | serbian ]] ruling class ; and a war - time division of the country , as [[ fascist italy ]] and [[ nazi germany ]] split the country apart and endorsed an extreme croatian nationalist faction called the [[ ustashe ]] which committed genocide against serbs . a small faction of bosniak nationalists joined the axis forces and attacked serbs . while extreme serb nationalists engaged in attacks on bosniaks and croats . the ethnic violence was only ended when the multiethnic [[ yugoslav partisans ]] took over the country at the end of the war and banned nationalism from being publicly promoted . overall relative peace was retained under tito ' s rule , though nationalist protests did occur , but these were usually repressed and nationalist leaders were arrested and some were executed by yugoslav officials . however one protest in croatia in the 1970s , called the " [[ croatian spring ]] " was backed by large numbers of croats who claimed that yugoslavia remained a serb hegemony and demanded that serbia ' s powers be reduced . tito whose home republic was croatia was concerned over the stability of the country and responded in a manner to appease both croats and serbs , he ordered the arrest of the croat protestors , while at the same time conceding to some of their demands . in 1974 , serbia ' s influence in the country was significantly reduced as autonomous provinces were created in ethnic albanian - majority populated [[ kosovo ]] and the mixed - populated [[ vojvodina ]] . these autonomous provinces held the same voting power as the republics but unlike the republics , they could not legally separate from yugoslavia . this concession satisfied croatia and slovenia , but in serbia and in the new autonomous province of kosovo , reaction was different . serbs saw the new constitution as conceding to croat and ethnic albanian nationalists . ethnic albanians in kosovo saw the creation of an autonomous province as not being enough , and demanded that kosovo become a constituent republic with the right to separate from yugoslavia . this created tensions within the communist leadership , particularly amongst communist serb officials who resented the 1974 constitution as weakening serbia ' s influence and jeoprodizing the unity of the country by allowing the republics the right to separate . an economic crisis erupted in the 1970s was the product of disastrous errors by yugoslav governments , such as borrowing vast amounts of western capital in order to fund growth through exports . western economies then entered recession , blocked yugoslav exports and created a huge debt problem . the yugoslav government then accepted the [[ international monetary fund | imf ]] ' s conditionalities which shifted the burden of the crisis onto the yugoslav working class . simultaneously , strong social groups emerged within the [[ league of communists of yugoslavia | yugoslav communist party ]] , allied to western business , banking and state interests and began pushing towards [[ neoliberalism ]] , to the delight of the us . it was the [[ ronald reagan | reagan ]] administration which , in 1984 , had adopted a " [[ shock therapy ( economics ) | shock therapy ]] " proposal to push yugoslavia towards a capitalist restoration . in 1989 [[ jeffrey sachs ]] was in yugoslavia helping the federal government under [[ ante marković ]] prepare the imf / [[ world bank group | world bank ]] " [[ shock therapy ( economics ) | shock therapy ]] " package , which was then introduced in 1990 just at the time when the crucial parliamentary elections were being held in the various republics . one aspect of yugoslavia ' s " [[ shock therapy ( economics ) | shock therapy ]] " programme was both unique within the region and of great political importance in 1989 - 90 . the bankruptcy law to liquidate state enterprises was enacted in the 1989 financial operations act which required that if an enterprise was insolvent for 30 days running , or for 30 days within a 45 day period , it had to settle with its creditors either by giving them ownership or by being liquidated , in which case workers would be sacked , normally without severance payments . in 1989 , according to official sources , 248 firms were declared bankrupt or were liquidated and 89 , 400 workers were laid off . during the first nine months of 1990 directly following the adoption of the imf programme , another 889 enterprises with a combined work - force of 525 , 000 workers suffered the same fate . in other words , in less than two years " the trigger mechanism " ( under the financial operations act ) had led to the lay off of more than 600 , 000 workers out of a total industrial workforce of the order of 2 . 7 million . a further 20 % of the work force , or half a million people , were not paid wages during the early months of 1990 as enterprises sought to avoid bankruptcy . the largest concentrations of bankrupt firms and lay - offs were in [[ serbia ]] , [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] and [[ kosovo ]] . real earnings were in a free fall , social programmes had collapsed creating within the population an atmosphere of social despair and hopelessness . this was a critical turning point in the events to follow . = = = approaching the breakup = = = in the spring of 1990 , ante marković was by far the most popular politician , not only in yugoslavia as a whole , but in each of its constituent republics . he should have been able to rally the population for yugoslavism against the particularistic nationalisms of [[ slobodan milošević | milošević ]] in [[ serbia ]] or [[ franjo tuđman | tuđman ]] in [[ croatia ]] and he should have been able to count on the obedience of the armed forces . he was supported by 83 % of the population in croatia , by 81 % in serbia and by 59 % in slovenia and by 79 % in yugoslavia as a whole . this level of support showed how much of the yugoslav population remained strongly committed to the state ' s preservation . but marković had coupled his yugoslavism with the imf " [[ shock therapy ( economics ) | shock therapy ]] " programme and ec conditionality and it was this which gave the separatists in the north west and the nationalists in serbia their opening . the appeal of the separatists in [[ slovenia ]] and croatia to their electorates involved offering to repudiate the marković - imf austerity and by doing so help their republics prepare to leave yugoslavia altogether and " join europe " . the appeal of milošević in serbia was based around the idea that the west was acting against the serbian people ' s interests . these [[ nationalism | nationalist ]] appeals were ultimately successful : in every republic , beginning with slovenia and croatia in the spring , governments ignored the monetary restrictions of marković ' s stabilisation programme in order to win votes . the newly elected regional government then turned their efforts to the break - up of the country . they were aided by the us government ' s stance of sidelining yugoslav cohesion in favour of pushing ahead with the " [[ shock therapy ( economics ) | shock therapy ]] " programme . the few european states with strategic interests in the yugoslav theatre tended to favor fragmentation . there were also other specifically yugoslav , structural flaws which helped to generate the collapse . for instance , many would argue {{ fact | date = february 2008 }} that the decentralized market socialism was a disastrous experiment for a state in yugoslavia ' s geopolitical situation . the 1974 constitution , though better for the kosovar albanians , had given increased power to the republics , whilst dampening the institutional and material power of the federal government . tito ' s authority substituted for this weakness until his death in 1980 , after which the state and [[ league of communists of yugoslavia | communist party ]] became increasingly paralyzed and thrown into crisis . = = = breakup = = = {{ pov | date = december 2007 }} {{ refimprove | date = july 2006 }} {{ main | dissolution of yugoslavia }} [[ image : breakup of yugoslavia . gif | thumb | left | 250px | breakup of [[ sfr yugoslavia ]] . ]] [[ image : milosevic - 1 . jpg | 200px | right | thumb | [[ slobodan milošević ]] . ]] [[ image : franjotudman . jpg | 200px | right | thumb | [[ franjo tuđman ]] . ]] [[ image : alijaizetbegovic1 . jpg | 200px | right | thumb | [[ alija izetbegović ]] . ]] after tito ' s death on [[ 4 may ]] [[ 1980 ]] , [[ ethnic group | ethnic ]] [[ tension ]] s grew in yugoslavia . the legacy of the [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution of 1974 ]] was used to throw the system of decision - making into a state of paralysis , made all the more hopeless as the conflict of interests had become irreconcilable . the constitutional crisis that inevitably followed resulted in a rise of nationalism in all republics : slovenia and croatia made demands for looser ties within the federation , the albanian majority in kosovo demanded the status of a republic , serbia sought absolute , not only relative dominion over yugoslavia . added to this , the croat quest for independence led to large serb communities within croatia rebelling and trying to secede from the croat republic . in 1986 , the [[ serbian academy of sciences and arts ]] drafted a memorandum addressing some burning issues concerning position of [[ serbs ]] as the most numerous people in yugoslavia . the largest yugoslav republic in territory and population , serbia ' s influence over the regions of kosovo and vojvodina was reduced by the 1974 constitution . because its two autonomous provinces had de facto prerogatives of full - fledged republics , serbia found that its hands were tied , for the republican government was restricted in making and carrying out decisions that would apply to the provinces . since the provinces had a vote in the federal presidency council ( an eight member council composed of representatives from six republics and two autonomous provinces ) , they sometimes even entered into coalition with other republics , thus outvoting serbia . serbia ' s political impotence made it possible for others to exert pressure on the 2 million serbs ( 20 % of total serbian population ) living outside serbia . serbian [[ communist ]] leader [[ slobodan milošević ]] sought to restore pre - 1974 serbian sovereignty . other republics , especially slovenia and croatia , denounced this move as a revival of great serbian [[ hegemony | hegemonism ]] . milošević succeeded in reducing the autonomy of [[ vojvodina ]] and of [[ kosovo | kosovo and metohija ]] , but both entities retained a vote in the yugoslav presidency council . the very instrument that reduced serbian influence before was now used to increase it : in the eight member council , serbia could now count on four votes minimum - serbia proper , then - loyal montenegro , and vojvodina and kosovo . as a result of these events , the [[ albanians | ethnic albanian ]] miners in [[ kosovo ]] organized strikes , which dovetailed into ethnic conflict between the albanians and the non - albanians in the province . at 87 % of the [[ demographic history of kosovo # 1968 - 1989 : autonomy | population of kosovo in the 1980s ]] , ethnic - albanians were the majority . the number of [[ slavs ]] in kosovo ( mainly serbs ) was quickly declining for several reasons , among them the ever increasing ethnic tensions and subsequent emigration from the area . by 1999 the slavs formed as little as 10 % of the total population in kosovo . meanwhile [[ slovenia ]] , under the presidency of [[ milan kučan ]] , and [[ croatia ]] supported albanian miners and their struggle for formal recognition {{ fact | date = february 2007 }} . initial strikes turned into widespread demonstrations demanding a kosovan republic . this angered serbia ' s leadership which proceeded to use police force , and later even the [[ yugoslav people ' s army | federal army ]] was sent to the province by the order of the serbia - held majority in the yugoslav presidency council . in january 1990 , the extraordinary 14th congress of the [[ league of communists of yugoslavia ]] was convened . for most of the time , the slovenian and serbian delegations were arguing over the future of the league of communists and yugoslavia . the serbian delegation , led by milošević , insisted on a policy of " ' ' one person , one vote ' ' " , which would empower the majority population , the [[ serbs ]] . in turn , the slovenes , supported by croats , sought to reform yugoslavia by devolving even more power to republics , but were voted down . as a result , the slovenian , and eventually croatian delegation left the congress , and the all - yugoslav communist party was dissolved . following the fall of [[ communism ]] in the rest of [[ eastern europe ]] , each of the republics held multi - party elections in 1990 . slovenia and croatia held the elections in april since their communist parties chose to secede from power peacefully . other yugoslav republics - especially serbia - were more or less dissatisfied with the democratization in two of the republics and proposed different sanctions ( e . g . serbian " customs tax " for slovenian products ) against the two of the union but as the year passed other republics communist parties saw the inevitability of the democratization process and in december as the last member of the federation - serbia held parliamentary elections which confirmed ( former ) communists rule in this republic . the unresolved issues however remained . in particular , slovenia and croatia elected governments oriented towards greater autonomy of the republics ( under [[ milan kučan ]] and [[ franjo tuđman ]] , respectively ) , since it became clear that serbian domination attempts and increasingly different levels of democratic standards are becoming increasingly incompatible . [[ serbia ]] and [[ montenegro ]] elected candidates who favoured yugoslav unity . serbs in croatia wouldn ' t accept a status of a national minority in a sovereign croatia , since they would be demoted from a constituent nation of croatia and this would consequently diminish their rights . = = yugoslav wars = = [[ image : former yugoslavia wartime 1 . png | 250px | thumb | right | war in former yugoslavia , fronts in 1993 ]] [[ image : former yugoslavia 2008 . png | 250px | thumb | right | countries of former yugoslavia ]] {{ main | yugoslav wars }} the war broke out when the new regimes tried to replace yugoslav civilian and military forces by the secessionist forces . when in august 1990 croatia attempted to replace police in the serb populated croat krajina by force , the population first looked for refuge in the jna caserns , while the army remained passive . the civilians then organised armed resistance . these armed conflicts between the croatian armed forces ( “police ” ) and civilians mark the beginning of the yugoslav war that inflamed the region . similarly , the attempt to replace yugoslav frontier police by the slovenian police provoked regional armed conflicts which finished with a minimal number of victims . a similar attempt in bosnia and herzegovina led to a war that lasted more than 3 years ( see below ) . the results of all these conflicts are almost complete emigration of the serbs from all three regions , massive displacement of the populations in bosnia and herzegovina and establishment of the 3 new independent states . the separation of the yugoslav republic of macedonia was peaceful . serbian uprisings in croatia began in august 1990 by blocking roads leading from the dalmatian coast towards the inland almost a year before croatian leadership made any move towards independence . these uprisings were more or less discretely backed up by the serbian dominated federal army ( jna ) . the serbs proclaimed the emergence of serbian autonomous areas ( known later as [[ republic of serb krajina ]] ) in croatia . federal army tried to disarm the territorial defence forces of slovenia ( republics had their local defence forces similar to [[ home guard ]] ) in 1990 but wasn ' t completely successful . still slovenia began to covertly import arms to replenish its armed forces . croatia also embarked upon the illegal importation of arms , ( following the disaramament of the republics armed forces by the federal jna ) mainly from [[ hungary ]] , and were caught when yugoslav counter intelligence ( ' ' kos , kontra - obavještajna služba ' ' ) showed a [[ špegelj tapes | video of a secret meeting ]] between croatian defence minister martin špegelj and two men . špegelj announced that they were at war with the army and gave instructions about arms smuggling as well as methods of dealing with the yugoslav army ' s officers stationed in croatian cities . serbia and jna used this discovery of croatian rearmament for propaganda purposes . in march 1990 , during the demonstrations in [[ split ]] , croatia , a young [[ yugoslavs | yugoslav ]] conscript was pushed off a tank after driving it through a crowd of people . {{ fact | date = february 2007 }} also , guns were fired from army bases through croatia . elsewhere , tensions were running high . in the same month , the [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] ( ' ' jugoslovenska narodna armija , jna ' ' ) met with the presidency of yugoslavia in an attempt to get them to declare a [[ state of emergency ]] which would allow for the army to take control of the country . the army was seen as a serbian service by that time so the consequence feared by the other republics was to be total serbian domination of the union . the representatives of [[ serbia ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ kosovo and metohija ]] , and [[ vojvodina ]] voted for the decision , while all other republics , croatia ( [[ stjepan mesić | stipe mesić ]] ) , slovenia ( [[ janez drnovšek ]] ) , macedonia ( [[ vasil tupurkovski ]] ) and bosnia and hercegovina ( [[ bogić bogićević ]] ) , voted against . the tie delayed an escalation of conflicts , but not for long . following the first multi - party election results , in the autumn of 1990 , the republics of slovenia and croatia proposed transforming yugoslavia into a loose [[ confederation ]] of six republics . by this proposal republics would have right to self - determination . however [[ slobodan milošević | milošević ]] rejected all such proposals , arguing that like slovenes and croats , the serbs ( having in mind croatian serbs ) should also have a right to self - determination . on [[ march 9 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , demonstrations were held against slobodan milošević in [[ belgrade ]] , but the police and the military were deployed in the streets to restore order , killing two people . in late march 1991 , the [[ plitvice lakes incident ]] was one of the first sparks of open war in croatia . the [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] ( jna ) , whose superior officers were mainly of serbian ethnicity , maintained an impression of being neutral , but as time went on , they got more and more involved in the state politics . on [[ june 25 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , slovenia and croatia became the first republics to declare [[ independence ]] from yugoslavia . the federal customs officers in slovenia on the border crossings with italy , austria and hungary mainly just changed uniforms since most of them were local slovenes . the border police was already slovenian before declaring independence . the following day ( [[ june 26 ]] ) , the federal executive council specifically ordered the army to take control of the " internationally recognized borders " . see [[ ten - day war ]] . the [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] forces , based in barracks in slovenia and croatia , attempted to carry out the task within the next 48 hours . however , because of the misinformation given to the yugoslav army conscripts that the federation was under attack by foreign forces , and the fact that the majority of them did not wish to engage in a war on the ground where they served their conscription , the slovene territorial defence forces retook most of the posts within several days with only minimal loss of life on both sides . there was a suspected incident of a war crime , as the [[ austria ]] n [[ orf ( broadcaster ) | orf tv station ]] showed [[ ten - day war # holmec incident | footage ]] of three yugoslav army soldiers surrendering to the territorial defense , before gunfire was heard and the troops were seen falling down . however , none were killed in the incident . there were however numerous cases of destruction of civilian property and civilian life by the yugoslav peoples army - houses , a church , civilian airport was bombarded and civilian hangar and airliners inside it , truck drivers on the road ljubljana - zagreb and austrian journalists on ljubljana airport were killed . ceasefire was agreed upon . according to the [[ brioni agreement ]] , recognized by representatives of all republics , the international community pressured slovenia and croatia to place a three - month [[ moratorium ]] on their independence . during these three months , the yugoslav army completed its pull - out from slovenia , but in croatia , a bloody [[ war in croatia | war ]] broke out in the autumn of 1991 . ethnic [[ serbs ]] , who had created their own state [[ republic of serbian krajina ]] in heavily serb - populated regions resisted the police forces of the republic of croatia who were trying to bring that breakaway region back under croatian jurisdiction . in some strategic places , the yugoslav army acted as a buffer zone , in most others it was protecting or aiding serbs with resources and even manpower in their confrontation with the new croatian army and their police force . in september 1991 , the [[ republic of macedonia ]] also declared independence , becoming the only former republic to gain sovereignty without resistance from the belgrade - based yugoslav authorities . five hundred u . s . soldiers were then deployed under the u . n . banner to monitor macedonia ' s northern borders with the republic of serbia , yugoslavia . macedonia ' s first president , [[ kiro gligorov ]] , maintained good relations with belgrade and the other breakaway republics and there have to date been no problems between macedonian and serbian border police even though small pockets of kosovo and the [[ preševo ]] valley complete the northern reaches of the historical region known as macedonia , which would otherwise create a border dispute if ever macedonian romantic nationalism should resurface ( ' ' see [[ internal macedonian revolutionary organization | imoro ]] ' ' ) . as a result of the conflict , the [[ united nations security council ]] unanimously adopted [[ un security council resolution 721 ]] on [[ november 27 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , which paved the way to the establishment of [[ peacekeeping ]] operations in yugoslavia . < ref > {{ cite web | url = http : / / www . nato . int / ifor / un / u911127a . htm | title = resolution 721 | date = [[ 1991 - 09 - 25 ]] | work = n . a . t . o . | accessdate = 2006 - 07 - 21 }} < / ref > in [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] in november 1991 , the bosnian serbs held a referendum which resulted in an overwhelming vote in favour of forming serbian republic in borders of bosnia and herzegovina and staying in a common state with [[ serbia ]] and [[ montenegro ]] . on [[ january 9 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , the self - proclaimed bosnian serb assembly proclaimed a separate " republic of the serb people of bosnia and herzegovina " . the referendum and creation of sars were proclaimed [[ constitutionality | unconstitutional ]] by the government of bosnia and herzegovina , and declared illegal and invalid . however , in february - march 1992 the government held a national referendum on bosnian independence from yugoslavia . that referendum was in turn declared contrary to the bih and federal constitution by the federal constitution court in belgrade and the newly established bosnian serb government . the referendum was largely boycotted by the bosnian serbs . it is interesting that the federal court in belgrade did not decide on the matter of the referendum of the bosnian serbs . the turnout was somewhere between 64 - 67 % and 98 % of the voters voted for independence . it was unclear what the two - thirds majority requirement actually meant and whether it was satisfied {{ fact | date = february 2007 }} . the republic ' s government declared its independence on [[ 5 april ]] , and the serbs immediately declared the independence of republika srpska . the [[ bosnian war | war in bosnia ]] followed shortly thereafter . = = = = the end of the second yugoslavia = = = = various dates are considered as the end of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia : * [[ june 25 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , when [[ croatia ]] and [[ slovenia ]] declared independence * [[ september 8 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , following a referendum the [[ republic of macedonia ]] declared independence * [[ october 8 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , when the [[ july 9 ]] moratorium on slovenian and croatian secession was ended and croatia restated its independence in croatian parliament ( that day is celebrated as independence day in croatia ) * [[ january 15 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , when slovenia and croatia were internationally recognized by most european countries * [[ april 6 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , full recognition of [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] ’ s independence by the united states and most european countries * [[ april 28 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , the formation of fry ( see below ) * november 1995 , peace signed in dayton by leaders of yugoslavia , bosnia and herzegovina and croatia * [[ agreement on sub - regional arms control ]] * 1996 - 1999 , clashes between yugoslav army and [[ kosovo liberation army | kla ]] * [[ march 24 ]] - [[ june 10 ]] , [[ 1999 ]] , nato bombing of fr yugoslavia * june 1999 , [[ un ]] and [[ nato ]] administration arrived in [[ kosovo ]] * [[ february 5 ]] , [[ 2003 ]] , state union of serbia and montenegro announced * [[ june 5 ]] , [[ 2006 ]] , after referendum in montenegro , serbia and montenegro declared their independences * [[ february 17 ]] , [[ 2008 ]] , when [[ kosovo ]] unilaterally declared independence from [[ serbia ]] = = federal republic of yugoslavia = = [[ image : yugoslaviamap . png | thumb | 250px | the federal republic of yugoslavia consisted of serbia and montenegro ]] the [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( fry ) was formed on [[ april 28 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , and it consisted of the former socialist republic of serbia and socialist republic of montenegro . the new constitution of yugoslavia was voted by the rest of mps , elected on federal one - party elections in 1986 . the war in the western parts of former yugoslavia ended in 1995 with [[ united states | u . s . ]] - sponsored peace talks in [[ dayton , ohio ]] , which resulted in the so - called [[ dayton agreement ]] . in [[ kosovo ]] , throughout the 1990s , the leadership of the albanian population had been pursuing tactics of non - violent resistance in order to achieve independence for the province . in 1996 , albanians formed [[ kosovo liberation army ]] . the yugoslav reaction involved the indiscriminate use of force against civilian populations , and caused many ethnic - albanians to flee their homes . following the [[ racak incident ]] and unsuccessful [[ rambouillet agreement ]] in the early months of 1999 , nato proceeded to bombard serbia and montenegro for more than two months , until an agreement was brokered between nato and milošević ' s government , with russia acting as intermediary . yugoslavia withdrew its forces from kosovo , in return for nato retracting their pre - war demand for nato forces to enter serbia , resulting in 250 000 serbian and other non - albanian refugees . see [[ kosovo war ]] for more information . since june 1999 , the province has been governed by peace - keeping forces from nato and [[ russia ]] , although all parties continued to recognize it as a part of serbia until 2008 . kosovo declared independence in february 2008 , but is not yet a member of the united nations and is only recognised by 46 governments . milošević ' s rejection of claims of a first - round opposition victory in new elections for the federal presidency in september 2000 led to mass demonstrations in belgrade on october 5 and the collapse of the regime ' s authority . the opposition ' s candidate , [[ vojislav koštunica ]] took office as yugoslav president on [[ october 6 ]] , [[ 2000 ]] . on saturday , [[ march 31 ]] , [[ 2001 ]] , milošević surrendered to yugoslav security forces from his home in belgrade , following a recent warrant for his arrest on charges of abuse of power and corruption . on [[ june 28 ]] he was driven to the yugoslav - bosnian border where shortly after he was placed in the custody of [[ sfor ]] officials , soon to be extradited to the [[ united nations ]] [[ international criminal tribunal for the former yugoslavia ]] . his trial on charges of [[ genocide ]] in bosnia and war crimes in croatia and in kosovo and metohija began at [[ the hague ]] on [[ february 12 ]] , [[ 2002 ]] , and he died there on [[ 11 march ]] , [[ 2006 ]] , while his trial was still ongoing . on [[ april 11 ]] , [[ 2002 ]] , the yugoslav parliament passed a law allowing extradition of all persons charged with war crimes by the international criminal tribunal . in march 2002 , the governments of serbia and montenegro agreed to reform the fry in favour of a new , much weaker form of cooperation called [[ serbia and montenegro ]] . by order of the yugoslav federal parliament on [[ february 4 ]] , [[ 2003 ]] , yugoslavia , at least nominally , ceased to exist . a federal government remained in place in belgrade but assumed largely ceremonial powers . the individual governments of serbia and of montenegro conducted their respective affairs almost as though the two republics were independent . furthermore , customs were established along the traditional border crossings between the two republics . on [[ may 21 ]] , [[ 2006 ]] , 86 percent of eligible montenegrin voters turned out for a special referendum on the independence of [[ montenegro ]] from the state union with serbia . they voted 55 . 5 % in favor of independence , recognised as above the 55 % threshold set by the [[ european union ]] for formal recognition of the independence of montenegro . on [[ june 3 ]] , [[ 2006 ]] , montenegro officially declared its independence , with serbia following suit two days later , effectively dissolving the last vestige of the former yugoslavia . = = legacy = = = = = new states = = = the present - day countries created from the former parts of yugoslavia are : * [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] * [[ croatia ]] * [[ kosovo ]] ( status as an independent country is [[ 2008 _ kosovo _ declaration _ of _ independence # international _ reaction | in dispute ]] ) * [[ former yugoslav republic of macedonia | fyr macedonia ]] * [[ montenegro ]] * [[ serbia ]] * [[ slovenia ]] the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , which applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004 . croatia applied for membership in 2003 , and could join before 2010 . fyr of macedonia applied in 2004 , and will probably join by 2010 – 2015 . the remaining four republics have yet to apply so their acceptance generally is not expected before 2015 . these states are signatories of various partnership agreements with the european union . since [[ january 1 ]] , [[ 2007 ]] , they have been encircled by member - states of eu ( and albania , which is encircled with them ) . ' ' see also : [[ enlargement of the european union ]] ' ' . < gallery caption = " flags of sfr yugoslavia and new recognized states " > image : flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | [[ sfr yugoslavia ]] image : flag of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] image : flag of croatia . svg | [[ croatia ]] image : flag of macedonia . svg | [[ former yugoslav republic of macedonia | fyr macedonia ]] image : flag of montenegro . svg | [[ montenegro ]] image : flag of serbia . svg | [[ serbia ]] image : flag of slovenia . svg | [[ slovenia ]] < / gallery > = = = remaining cultural and ethnic ties = = = the similarity of the languages and the long history of common life have left many ties among the peoples of the new states , even though the individual state policies of the new states favour differentiation , particularly in language . the [[ serbo - croatian language ]] is linguistically a unique language , with several literary and spoken variants and also was the imposed means of communication used where other languages dominated ( [[ slovenia ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] ) . now , separate sociolinguistic standards exist for [[ bosnian language ]] , [[ croatian language ]] , [[ montenegrin language | montenegrin language ]] and the [[ serbian language ]] . sfry technically had three official languages , along with minority languages official where minorities lived , but in all federal organs only serbo - croatian was used and others were expected to use it as well . remembrance of the time of the joint state and its perceived positive attributes is referred to as [[ yugonostalgy ]] ( jugonostalgija ) . a lot of aspects of yugonostalgia refer to the socialist system and the sense of social security it provided and inertness it allowed . = = miscellaneous = = * [[ asteroid ]] [[ 1554 yugoslavia ]] was discovered by [[ milorad b . protić ]] and named after yugoslavia . = = see also = = * [[ history of the balkans ]] * [[ history of europe ]] * [[ music of yugoslavia ]] * [[ yugoslav war ]] = = references = = {{ reflist }} * {{ loc }} – [ http : / / lcweb2 . loc . gov / frd / cs / yutoc . html yugoslavia ] = = further reading = = * allcock , john b . : explaining yugoslavia . new york : columbia university press , 2000 * anne marie du preez bezdrob : ' ' sarajevo roses : war memoirs of a peacekeeper ' ' . oshun , 2002 . isbn 177007031 * chan , adrian : ' ' free to choose : a teacher ' s resource and activity guide to revolution and reform in eastern europe ' ' . stanford , ca : spice , 1991 . ed 351 248 * cigar , norman , : ' ' genocide in bosnia : the policy of ethnic - cleansing ' ' . college station : texas a & m university press , 1995 * cohen , lenard j . : ' ' broken bonds : the disintegration of yugoslavia ' ' . boulder , co : westview press , 1993 * conversi , daniele : ' ' german - bashing and the breakup of yugoslavia ' ' , the donald w . treadgold papers in russian , east european and central asian studies , no . 16 , march 1998 ( university of washington : hmj school of international studies ) http : / / easyweb . easynet . co . uk / conversi / german . html * dragnich , alex n . : ' ' serbs and croats . the struggle in yugoslavia ' ' . new york : harcourt brace jovanovich , 1992 * fisher , sharon : ' ' political change in post - communist slovakia and croatia : from nationalist to europeanist ' ' . new york : palgrave macmillan , 2006 isbn 1 4039 7286 9 * [[ misha glenny | glenny , mischa ]] : ' ' [[ the balkans : nationalism , war and the great powers , 1804 - 1999 ]] ' ' ( london : penguin books ltd , 2000 ) * [[ misha glenny | glenny , mischa ]] : ' ' the fall of yugoslavia : the third balkan war ' ' , isbn 0 - 14 - 026101 - x * gutman , roy . : ' ' a witness to genocide . the 1993 pulitzer prize - winning dispatches on the " ethnic cleansing " of bosnia ' ' . new york : macmillan , 1993 * hall , brian : the impossible country : a journey through the last days of yugoslavia . penguin books . new york , 1994 * harris , judy j . : ' ' yugoslavia today ' ' . southern social studies journal 16 ( fall 1990 ) : 78 - 101 . ej 430 520 * hayden , robert m . : blueprints for a house divided : the constitutional logic of the yugoslav conflicts . ann arbor : university of michigan press , 2000 * hoare , marko a . , ' ' a history of bosnia : from the middle ages to the present day ' ' . london : saqi , 2007 * [[ barbara jelavich | jelavich , barbara ]] : ' ' history of the balkans : eighteenth and nineteenth centuries ' ' , volume 1 . new york : american council of learned societies , 1983 ed 236 093 * [[ barbara jelavich | jelavich , barbara ]] : ' ' [[ history of the balkans : twentieth century ]] ' ' , volume 2 . new york : american council of learned societies , 1983 . ed 236 094 * kohlmann , evan f . : ' ' al - qaida ' s jihad in europe : the afghan - bosnian network ' ' berg , new york 2004 , isbn 1 - 85973 - 802 - 8 ; isbn 1 - 85973 - 807 - 9 * [[ lampe , john r ]] : ' ' yugoslavia as history : twice there was a country ' ' great britain , cambridge , 1996 , isbn 0 521 46705 5 * owen , david : ' ' balkan odyssey ' ' harcourt ( harvest book ) , 1997 * ramet , sabrina : ' ' the three yugoslavias : state - building and legitimation , 1918 - 2003 ' ' . bloomington : indiana university press , 2006 * sacco , joe : ' ' safe area gorazde : the war in eastern bosnia 1992 - 1995 ' ' . fantagraphics books , january 2002 * silber , laura and allan little : ' ' yugoslavia : death of a nation ' ' . new york : penguin books , 1997 * [[ rebecca west | west , rebecca ]] : ' ' black lamb and gray falcon : a journey through yugoslavia ' ' . viking , 1941 * white , t . : ' ' another fool in the balkans - in the footsteps of rebbecca west ' ' . cadogan guides , london , 2006 * [ http : / / www . time . com / time / magazine / article / 0 , 9171 , 796967 , 00 . html time homepage : ' ' new power ' ' ] = = external links = = * [ http : / / digital . library . unt . edu / govdocs / crs / search . tkl ? q = yugoslavia & search _ crit = subject & search = search & date1 = anytime & date2 = anytime & type = form congressional research service ( crs ) reports regarding yugoslavia ] * [ http : / / vlib . iue . it / history / europe / yugoslavia . html european university institute yugoslavia ] * [ http : / / www . ohr . int / ohr - info / maps / maps ] * [ http : / / www . slobodnajugoslavija . com / slobodna jugoslavija ] * [ http : / / www . ericdigests . org / 1995 - 2 / bosnia . htm teaching about conflict and crisis in the former yugoslavia ] {{ commons | yugoslavia }} * [ http : / / books . google . com / books ? id = - 84 _ kkgmf2qc & printsec = frontcover & dq = yugoslavia & lr = & hl = de & sig = ehuyv6lzcu4v7njp _ iingo90aju # ppp15 , m1 the first yugoslavia : search for a viable political system , by alex n . dragnich ] * [ http : / / www . royalfamily . org / the official website of the royal family of serbia ] * [ http : / / news . bbc . co . uk / go / pr / fr / - / 1 / hi / world / europe / 4997380 . stm timeline : break - up of yugoslavia at bbc news ] * [ http : / / entertainment . timesonline . co . uk / tol / arts _ and _ entertainment / the _ tls / article3410344 . ece " where the west went wrong " ] : an article in the [ http : / / www . the - tls . co . uk tls ] by charles king about the dissolution of yugoslavia . * [ http : / / www . foia . cia . gov / cpe / esau / esau - 46 . pdf " yugoslavia : the outworn structure " ( [[ cia ]] ) report from november 1970 ] * the [ http : / / chnm . gmu . edu / 1989 / exhibits / collapse / essay collapse of communist yugoslavia ] {{ yug - timeline }} [[ category : yugoslavia | ]] [[ category : former countries in the balkans ]] [[ category : former countries in europe ]] [[ category : former slavic countries ]] [[ category : governments in exile during world war ii ]] [[ af : joegoslawië ]] [[ ar : يوغوسلافيا ]] [[ az : yuqoslaviya ]] [[ be : югаславія ]] [[ be - x - old : югаславія ]] [[ br : yougoslavia ]] [[ bg : югославия ]] [[ ca : iugoslàvia ]] [[ cs : jugoslávie ]] [[ cy : iwgoslafia ]] [[ da : jugoslavien ]] [[ de : jugoslawien ]] [[ et : jugoslaavia ]] [[ el : γιουγκοσλαβία ]] [[ es : yugoslavia ]] [[ eo : jugoslavio ]] [[ fa : یوگوسلاوی ]] [[ fr : yougoslavie ]] [[ ga : an iúgslaiv ]] [[ gl : iugoslavia - југославија ]] [[ ko : 유고슬라비아 ]] [[ hsb : juhosłowjanska ]] [[ hr : jugoslavija ]] [[ io : yugoslavia ]] [[ id : yugoslavia ]] [[ is : júgóslavía ]] [[ it : jugoslavia ]] [[ he : יוגוסלביה ]] [[ jv : yugoslavia ]] [[ ka : იუგოსლავია ]] [[ sw : yugoslavia ]] [[ la : iugoslavia ]] [[ lv : dienvidslāvija ]] [[ hu : jugoszlávia ]] [[ mk : југославија ]] [[ mr : युगोस्लाव्हिया ]] [[ ms : yugoslavia ]] [[ nl : joegoslavië ]] [[ ja : ユーゴスラビア ]] [[ no : jugoslavia ]] [[ nn : jugoslavia ]] [[ pl : jugosławia ]] [[ pt : jugoslávia ]] [[ ro : iugoslavia ]] [[ qu : yuguslawya ]] [[ ru : югославия ]] [[ simple : yugoslavia ]] [[ sk : juhoslávia ]] [[ sl : jugoslavija ]] [[ sr : југославија ]] [[ sh : jugoslavija ]] [[ fi : jugoslavia ]] [[ sv : jugoslavien ]] [[ th : ยูโกสลาเวีย ]] [[ vi : nam tư ]] [[ to : ʻiukosilāvia ]] [[ uk : югославія ]] [[ zh : 南斯拉夫 ]] | lolololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololololo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| ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ serbo - croatian language | serbo - croatian ]] , [[ croatian language | croatian ]] , [[ serbian language | serbian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' ; [[ serbian cyrillic alphabet | cyrillic script ]] : југославија ; literally in [[ english language | english ]] : " south slavia " or " land of [[ south slavs ]] " ) is a term that describes three political entities that existed successively on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in [[ europe ]] , during most of the [[ 20th century ]] . the first country to be known by this name was the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , which before [[ 3 october ]] , [[ 1929 ]] was known as the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes . it was established on [[ 1 december ]] , [[ 1918 ]] by the union of the [[ state of slovenes , croats and serbs ]] and the [[ kingdom of serbia ]] . it was invaded by the [[ axis powers ]] in 1941 , and because of the events that followed , was officially abolished in 1945 . the second country with this name was the democratic federal yugoslavia , proclaimed in 1943 by the [[ yugoslav partisans ]] resistance movement in [[ world war ii ]] . it was renamed to the federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia in 1946 , when a communist government was established . in 1963 , it was renamed again to the [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( sfry ) . this was the largest yugoslav state , as [[ istria ]] and [[ rijeka ]] were added to the new yugoslavia after the end of world war ii . the constituent socialist republics that made up the country , were : [[ sr bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ sr croatia ]] , [[ sr macedonia ]] , [[ sr montenegro ]] , [[ sr serbia ]] ( including the [[ autonomy | autonomous ]] provinces of [[ sap vojvodina ]] and [[ sap kosovo and metohija ]] , later simply [[ sap kosovo ]] ) and [[ sr slovenia ]] . starting in 1991 , the sfry disintegrated in the [[ yugoslav wars ]] which followed the [[ secession ]] of most of the republic ' s constituent entities . the last country to bear the name was the [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( fry ) established on [[ march 27 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] . it was a [[ federation ]] on the territory of the two remaining ( non - secessionist ) republics of [[ serbia ]] ( including the autonomous provinces of [[ vojvodina ]] and [[ autonomous province of kosovo and metohija ( 1990 - 1999 ) | kosovo ]] ) and [[ montenegro ]] . on [[ february 4 ]] , [[ 2003 ]] , it was renamed to the [[ state union of serbia and montenegro ]] , and officially abolished the name " yugoslavia " . on [[ june 3 ]] and [[ june 5 ]] , [[ 2006 ]] respectively , [[ montenegro ]] and [[ serbia ]] declared independence , thereby ending the yugoslav state . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} the idea for a single state for all [[ south slavs ]] emerged in the late 17th century and gained prominence in the 19th century [[ illyrian movement ]] but never came to culmination . during the early period of [[ world war i ]] , a number of prominent political figures from south slavic lands under the [[ house of habsburg | habsburg ]] [[ austro - hungarian empire ]] fled to [[ london ]] , where they began work on forming the [[ yugoslav committee ]] to represent the southern slavs of austria - hungary . these yugoslavs were citizens who identified themselves with the movement toward a single yugoslav or south slavic state and the committee ' s basic aim was the unification of the south slav lands with the [[ kingdom of serbia ]] ( which was independent although occupied at the time ) . with the defeat of the [[ central powers ]] in world war i and the collapse of the austro - hungarian empire , various south slavic territories were quickly grouped together to form the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes which was proclaimed on [[ 1 december ]] [[ 1918 ]] in [[ belgrade ]] . the new kingdom was made up of the formerly independent kingdoms of serbia and [[ kingdom of montenegro | montenegro ]] ( which had unified in the previous month ) , as well as a substantial amount of territory that was formerly part of [[ austria - hungary ]] , the [[ state of slovenes , croats and serbs ]] . the lands previously in austria - hungary that formed the new state included [[ croatia ]] , [[ slavonia ]] and [[ vojvodina ]] from the [[ hungary | hungarian ]] part of the empire , [[ carniola ]] , part of [[ styria ( duchy ) | styria ]] and most of [[ dalmatia ]] from the [[ cisleithania | austrian ]] part , and the crown province of [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] . = = kingdom of yugoslavia = = [[ image : jugo - slavia , 1919 . png | thumb | 250px | right | map of yugoslavia in 1919 showing the provisional borders in the [[ aftermath of world war i ]] before the treaties of [[ treaty of neuilly - sur - seine | neuilly ]] , [[ treaty of trianon | trianon ]] and [[ treaty of rapallo | rapallo ]] ]] [[ image : banovine kj . jpg | thumb | 250px | right | map showing [[ kingdom of yugoslavia # internal divisions | banovinas ]] in 1929 ]] {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia }} = = = 1918 - 1928 = = = * [[ vidovdan constitution ]] * [[ treaty of rapallo , 1920 ]] * banning of the [[ cpy | communist party ]] * [[ kingdom of serbs , croats , and slovenes election , 1923 | election 1923 ]] * [[ treaty of rome , 1924 ]] * assassination of [[ stjepan radić ]] = = = king alexander ' s period = = = king [[ alexander i of yugoslavia | alexander i ]] banned national political parties in 1929 , assumed executive power and renamed the country yugoslavia . he hoped to curb separatist tendencies and mitigate nationalist passions . however , alexander ' s policies soon ran into the obstacle of opposition from other [[ europe ]] an powers stemming from developments in [[ italy ]] and [[ germany ]] , where [[ fascism | fascists ]] and [[ nazism | nazis ]] rose to power , and the [[ soviet union ]] , where [[ joseph stalin | stalin ]] became absolute ruler . none of these three regimes favored the policy pursued by alexander i . in fact , [[ italy ]] and [[ germany ]] wanted to revise the international treaties signed after world war i , and the soviets were determined to regain their positions in europe and pursue a more active international policy . alexander attempted to create a genuine yugoslavia . he decided to abolish yugoslavia ' s historic regions , and new internal boundaries were drawn for provinces or banovinas . the banovinas were named after rivers . many politicians were jailed or kept under tight police surveillance . the effect of alexander ' s dictatorship was to further alienate the non - serbs from the idea of unity . the king was assassinated in [[ marseille ]] during an official visit to france in 1934 by an experienced [[ vlado chernozemski | marksman ]] from [[ ivan mihailov | ivan mihailov ' s ]] [[ internal macedonian revolutionary organization ]] in the cooperation of the [[ ustaše ]] , a croatian separatist organization . alexsandar was succeeded by his eleven year old son [[ peter ii of yugoslavia | peter ii ]] and a regency council headed by his cousin [[ prince paul of yugoslavia | prince paul ]] . = = = the 1930s in yugoslavia = = = the international political scene in the late 1930s was marked by growing intolerance between the principal figures , by the aggressive attitude of the [[ totalitarianism | totalitarian ]] regimes and by the certainty that the order set up after world war i was losing its strongholds and its sponsors were losing their strength . supported and pressured by [[ italian fascism | fascist italy ]] and [[ nazi germany ]] , croatian leader [[ vlatko maček ]] and his party managed the creation of the [[ banovina of croatia | croatian banovina ]] ( administrative province ) in 1939 . the agreement specified that croatia was to remain part of yugoslavia , but it was hurriedly building an independent political identity in international relations . prince paul submitted to the fascist pressure and signed the [[ tripartite treaty ]] in [[ vienna ]] on [[ march 25 ]] , [[ 1941 ]] , hoping to still keep yugoslavia out of the war . but this was at the expense of popular support for paul ' s regency . senior military officers were also opposed to the treaty and launched a [[ coup d ' état ]] when the king returned on march 27 . army general [[ dušan simović ]] seized power , arrested the vienna delegation , exiled paul , and ended the regency , giving 17 year old [[ peter ii of yugoslavia | king peter ]] full powers . = = = the beginning of world war ii in yugoslavia = = = [[ adolf hitler | hitler ]] then decided to attack yugoslavia on [[ april 6 ]] [[ 1941 ]] , followed immediately by an invasion of [[ greece ]] where [[ benito mussolini | mussolini ]] had previously been repelled . ( as a result , the launch of [[ operation barbarossa ]] was delayed by four weeks , which proved to be a costly decision . ) {{ fact | date = october 2007 }} = = yugoslavia during world war ii = = [[ image : stjepan filipovic . jpg | thumb | right | 250px | [[ yugoslav partisans | partisan ]] fighter [[ stjepan filipović | stjepan " stevo " filipović ]] shouting " death to fascism , freedom to the people ! " ( the partisan slogan ) seconds before plunging to his death . ]] {{ seealso | participants in world war ii # yugoslavia }} = = = invasion of yugoslavia = = = {{ main | invasion of yugoslavia }} at 5 : 12 a . m . on [[ april 6 ]] [[ 1941 ]] , [[ nazi italians ]] , [[ italian fascism | italian ]] and [[ hungary | hungarian ]] forces attacked yugoslavia . the german air force ( ' ' [[ luftwaffe ]] ' ' ) bombed [[ belgrade ]] and other major yugoslav cities . on [[ april 17 ]] , representatives of yugoslavia ' s various regions signed an armistice with germany at belgrade , ending eleven days of resistance against the invading german army ( ' ' [[ wehrmacht heer ]] ' ' ) . more than three hundred thousand yugoslav officers and soldiers were taken prisoner . the axis powers occupied yugoslavia and split it up . the [[ independent state of croatia ]] was established as a [[ nazi ]] [[ puppet state ]] , ruled by the [[ fascism | fascist ]] militia known as the [[ ustaše ]] that came into existence in 1929 , but was relatively limited in its activities until 1941 . german troops occupied [[ bosnia ( region ) | bosnia ]] and [[ herzegovina ]] as well as part of [[ serbia ]] and [[ slovenia ]] , while other parts of the country were occupied by [[ bulgaria ]] , [[ hungary ]] , and [[ italy ]] . during this time the independent state of croatia created concentration camps for anti - fascists , communists , [[ serbs ]] , [[ gypsies ]] and [[ jews ]] . one such camp was the [[ jasenovac concentration camp ]] . a large number of men , women and children , jews , serbs , and croat resistance members , were executed in these camps . < ref > http : / / en . wikipedia . org / wiki / jasenovac # victim _ counts < / ref > = = = yugoslav people ' s liberation war = = = {{ main | yugoslav people ' s liberation war }} from the start , the yugoslav resistance forces consisted of two factions : the communist - led [[ yugoslav partisans ]] , and the royalist [[ chetniks ]] . with the former receiving allied recognition only at the tehran conference ( 1943 ) , after the degree of chetnik - axis collaboration increased greatly . the heavily pro - serbian chetniks were lead by [[ draža mihajlović ]] , while the pan - yugoslav oriented partisans were led by [[ josip broz tito ]] , a croatian national . the partisans initiated a [[ guerrilla warfare | guerrilla ]] campaign which was developed into the largest resistance army in occupied western and central europe . the chetniks were initially supported by the exiled royal government as well as the [[ allies ]] , but soon focused increasingly on combating the partisans , while cooperating with the occupation forces to an ever greater extent . by the end of the war , the chetnik movement transformed into a collaborationist serb nationalist militia , completely dependent on axis supplies . < ref > 7david martin , ally betrayed : the uncensored story of tito and mihailovich , ( new york : prentice hall , 1946 ) , 34 . < / ref > the highly mobile partisans , however , carried on their guerrilla warfare with great success . most notable of the victories against the occupying forces we the battles of [[ battle of neretva | neretva ]] and [[ battle of sutjeska | sutjeska ]] . on [[ november 25 ]] , [[ 1942 ]] , the [[ avnoj | anti - fascist council of national liberation of yugoslavia ]] ( ' ' antifašističko vijeće narodnog oslobođenja jugoslavije ' ' ) was convened in [[ bihać ]] , [[ bosnia and herzegovina | bosnia ]] . the council reconvened on [[ november 29 ]] , [[ 1943 ]] , in [[ jajce ]] , also in [[ bosnia and herzegovina | bosnia ]] and established the basis for post - war organization of the country , establishing a federation ( this date was celebrated as republic day after the war ) . the [[ yugoslav partisans ]] were able to expel the axis from serbia in 1944 and the rest of yugoslavia in 1945 . the [[ red army ]] provided limited assistance with the liberation of [[ belgrade ]] and withdrew after the war was over . in may 1945 , the partisans met with allied forces outside former yugoslav borders , after taking over also [[ trieste ]] and parts of [[ austria ]] n southern provinces [[ styria ]] and [[ carinthia ( state ) | carinthia ]] . however , the partisans withdrew from trieste in june of the same year . western attempts to reunite the partisans , who denied supremacy of the old government of the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , and the emigration loyal to the king , led to the [[ tito - šubašić agreement ]] in june 1944 , however marshal [[ josip broz tito ]] was seen as a national hero by the citizens , and was elected by referendum to lead the new independent [[ communism | communist ]] state , starting as a [[ prime minister ]] . = = sfr yugoslavia = = {{ main | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ image : sfryugoslavianumbered . png | thumb | 250px | right | numbered map of yugoslav republics and provinces . ]] on [[ january 31 ]] , [[ 1946 ]] , the new [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution ]] of [[ federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ]] , modeling the [[ soviet union ]] , established six socialist republics , a socialist autonomous province , and a socialist autonomous district that were part of sr serbia . the federal capital was [[ belgrade ]] . republics and provinces were ( in alphabetical order ) : # [[ socialist republic of bosnia and herzegovina ]] , with the capital in [[ sarajevo ]] , # [[ socialist republic of croatia ]] , with the capital in [[ zagreb ]] , # [[ socialist republic of macedonia ]] , with the capital in [[ skopje ]] , # [[ socialist republic of montenegro ]] , with the capital in [[ podgorica | titograd ]] ( now podgorica ) , # [[ socialist republic of serbia ]] , with the capital in [[ belgrade ]] , which also contained : < br / > 5a . [[ socialist autonomous province of kosovo ]] and metohija , with the capital in [[ priština ]] < br / > 5b . [[ socialist autonomous province of vojvodina ]] , with the capital in [[ novi sad ]] # [[ socialist republic of slovenia ]] , with the capital in [[ ljubljana ]] . in 1974 , the two provinces of vojvodina and kosovo - metohija ( for the latter had by then been upgraded to the status of a province ) , as well as the republics of bosnia & herzegovina and montenegro , were granted greater autonomy to the point that albanian and hungarian became nationally recognised minority languages and the serbo - croat of bosnia and montenegro altered to a form based on the speech of the local people and not on the standards of zagreb and belgrade . [[ vojvodina ]] and [[ kosovo - metohija ]] form a part of the republic of [[ serbia ]] . the country distanced itself from the soviets in 1948 ( cf . [[ cominform ]] and [[ informbiro ]] ) and started to build its own way to [[ socialism ]] under the strong political leadership of [[ josip broz tito ]] . the country criticized both [[ eastern bloc ]] and [[ nato ]] nations and , together with other countries , started the [[ non - aligned movement ]] in 1961 , which remained the official affiliation of the country until it dissolved . = = = demographics = = = {{ main | demographics of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} the population of yugoslavia according to the 1981 census was 22 . 4 million . [[ changes in yugoslavian religious demographics ]] = = = the government = = = [[ image : proslavatito . jpg | thumb | right | 250px | the 1968 [[ league of communists of yugoslavia ]] celebration . ]] on [[ 7 april ]] [[ 1963 ]] the nation changed its official name to [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] and [[ josip broz tito | tito ]] was named [[ president for life ]] . in the sfry , each republic and province had its own constitution , supreme court , parliament , president and prime minister . at the top of the yugoslav government were the president ( tito ) , the federal prime minister , and the federal parliament ( a collective presidency was formed after tito ' s death in 1980 ) . also important were the [[ communist party of yugoslavia | communist party ]] general secretaries for each republic and province , and the general secretary of central committee of the communist party . josip broz tito was the most powerful person in the country , followed by republican and provincial premiers and presidents , and communist party presidents . a wide variety of people suffered from his disfavor . slobodan penezić krcun , tito ' s chief of secret police in serbia , fell victim to a dubious traffic incident after he started to complain about tito ' s politics . the interior minister [[ aleksandar ranković ]] lost all of his titles and rights after a major disagreement with tito regarding state politics . sometimes ministers in government , such as [[ edvard kardelj ]] or [[ stane dolanc ]] , were more important than the prime minister . the suppression of national identities escalated with the so - called [[ croatian spring ]] of 1970 - 1971 , when students in [[ zagreb ]] organized demonstrations for greater civil liberties and greater [[ croatia ]] n autonomy . the regime stifled the public protest and incarcerated the leaders , but many key croatian representatives in the party silently supported this cause , so a new [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution ]] was ratified in 1974 that gave more rights to the individual republics in yugoslavia and provinces in serbia . = = = ethnic tensions and the economic crisis = = = the post - [[ world war ii ]] yugoslavia was in many respects a model of how to build a multinational state . the federation was constructed against a double background : an inter - war yugoslavia which had been dominated by the [[ serbs | serbian ]] ruling class ; and a war - time division of the country , as [[ fascist italy ]] and [[ nazi germany ]] split the country apart and endorsed an extreme croatian nationalist faction called the [[ ustashe ]] which committed genocide against serbs . a small faction of bosniak nationalists joined the axis forces and attacked serbs . while extreme serb nationalists engaged in attacks on bosniaks and croats . the ethnic violence was only ended when the multiethnic [[ yugoslav partisans ]] took over the country at the end of the war and banned nationalism from being publicly promoted . overall relative peace was retained under tito ' s rule , though nationalist protests did occur , but these were usually repressed and nationalist leaders were arrested and some were executed by yugoslav officials . however one protest in croatia in the 1970s , called the " [[ croatian spring ]] " was backed by large numbers of croats who claimed that yugoslavia remained a serb hegemony and demanded that serbia ' s powers be reduced . tito whose home republic was croatia was concerned over the stability of the country and responded in a manner to appease both croats and serbs , he ordered the arrest of the croat protestors , while at the same time conceding to some of their demands . in 1974 , serbia ' s influence in the country was significantly reduced as autonomous provinces were created in ethnic albanian - majority populated [[ kosovo ]] and the mixed - populated [[ vojvodina ]] . these autonomous provinces held the same voting power as the republics but unlike the republics , they could not legally separate from yugoslavia . this concession satisfied croatia and slovenia , but in serbia and in the new autonomous province of kosovo , reaction was different . serbs saw the new constitution as conceding to croat and ethnic albanian nationalists . ethnic albanians in kosovo saw the creation of an autonomous province as not being enough , and demanded that kosovo become a constituent republic with the right to separate from yugoslavia . this created tensions within the communist leadership , particularly amongst communist serb officials who resented the 1974 constitution as weakening serbia ' s influence and jeoprodizing the unity of the country by allowing the republics the right to separate . an economic crisis erupted in the 1970s was the product of disastrous errors by yugoslav governments , such as borrowing vast amounts of western capital in order to fund growth through exports . western economies then entered recession , blocked yugoslav exports and created a huge debt problem . the yugoslav government then accepted the [[ international monetary fund | imf ]] ' s conditionalities which shifted the burden of the crisis onto the yugoslav working class . simultaneously , strong social groups emerged within the [[ league of communists of yugoslavia | yugoslav communist party ]] , allied to western business , banking and state interests and began pushing towards [[ neoliberalism ]] , to the delight of the us . it was the [[ ronald reagan | reagan ]] administration which , in 1984 , had adopted a " [[ shock therapy ( economics ) | shock therapy ]] " proposal to push yugoslavia towards a capitalist restoration . in 1989 [[ jeffrey sachs ]] was in yugoslavia helping the federal government under [[ ante marković ]] prepare the imf / [[ world bank group | world bank ]] " [[ shock therapy ( economics ) | shock therapy ]] " package , which was then introduced in 1990 just at the time when the crucial parliamentary elections were being held in the various republics . one aspect of yugoslavia ' s " [[ shock therapy ( economics ) | shock therapy ]] " programme was both unique within the region and of great political importance in 1989 - 90 . the bankruptcy law to liquidate state enterprises was enacted in the 1989 financial operations act which required that if an enterprise was insolvent for 30 days running , or for 30 days within a 45 day period , it had to settle with its creditors either by giving them ownership or by being liquidated , in which case workers would be sacked , normally without severance payments . in 1989 , according to official sources , 248 firms were declared bankrupt or were liquidated and 89 , 400 workers were laid off . during the first nine months of 1990 directly following the adoption of the imf programme , another 889 enterprises with a combined work - force of 525 , 000 workers suffered the same fate . in other words , in less than two years " the trigger mechanism " ( under the financial operations act ) had led to the lay off of more than 600 , 000 workers out of a total industrial workforce of the order of 2 . 7 million . a further 20 % of the work force , or half a million people , were not paid wages during the early months of 1990 as enterprises sought to avoid bankruptcy . the largest concentrations of bankrupt firms and lay - offs were in [[ serbia ]] , [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] and [[ kosovo ]] . real earnings were in a free fall , social programmes had collapsed creating within the population an atmosphere of social despair and hopelessness . this was a critical turning point in the events to follow . = = = approaching the breakup = = = in the spring of 1990 , ante marković was by far the most popular politician , not only in yugoslavia as a whole , but in each of its constituent republics . he should have been able to rally the population for yugoslavism against the particularistic nationalisms of [[ slobodan milošević | milošević ]] in [[ serbia ]] or [[ franjo tuđman | tuđman ]] in [[ croatia ]] and he should have been able to count on the obedience of the armed forces . he was supported by 83 % of the population in croatia , by 81 % in serbia and by 59 % in slovenia and by 79 % in yugoslavia as a whole . this level of support showed how much of the yugoslav population remained strongly committed to the state ' s preservation . but marković had coupled his yugoslavism with the imf " [[ shock therapy ( economics ) | shock therapy ]] " programme and ec conditionality and it was this which gave the separatists in the north west and the nationalists in serbia their opening . the appeal of the separatists in [[ slovenia ]] and croatia to their electorates involved offering to repudiate the marković - imf austerity and by doing so help their republics prepare to leave yugoslavia altogether and " join europe " . the appeal of milošević in serbia was based around the idea that the west was acting against the serbian people ' s interests . these [[ nationalism | nationalist ]] appeals were ultimately successful : in every republic , beginning with slovenia and croatia in the spring , governments ignored the monetary restrictions of marković ' s stabilisation programme in order to win votes . the newly elected regional government then turned their efforts to the break - up of the country . they were aided by the us government ' s stance of sidelining yugoslav cohesion in favour of pushing ahead with the " [[ shock therapy ( economics ) | shock therapy ]] " programme . the few european states with strategic interests in the yugoslav theatre tended to favor fragmentation . there were also other specifically yugoslav , structural flaws which helped to generate the collapse . for instance , many would argue {{ fact | date = february 2008 }} that the decentralized market socialism was a disastrous experiment for a state in yugoslavia ' s geopolitical situation . the 1974 constitution , though better for the kosovar albanians , had given increased power to the republics , whilst dampening the institutional and material power of the federal government . tito ' s authority substituted for this weakness until his death in 1980 , after which the state and [[ league of communists of yugoslavia | communist party ]] became increasingly paralyzed and thrown into crisis . = = = breakup = = = {{ pov | date = december 2007 }} {{ refimprove | date = july 2006 }} {{ main | dissolution of yugoslavia }} [[ image : breakup of yugoslavia . gif | thumb | left | 250px | breakup of [[ sfr yugoslavia ]] . ]] [[ image : milosevic - 1 . jpg | 200px | right | thumb | [[ slobodan milošević ]] . ]] [[ image : franjotudman . jpg | 200px | right | thumb | [[ franjo tuđman ]] . ]] [[ image : alijaizetbegovic1 . jpg | 200px | right | thumb | [[ alija izetbegović ]] . ]] after tito ' s death on [[ 4 may ]] [[ 1980 ]] , [[ ethnic group | ethnic ]] [[ tension ]] s grew in yugoslavia . the legacy of the [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution of 1974 ]] was used to throw the system of decision - making into a state of paralysis , made all the more hopeless as the conflict of interests had become irreconcilable . the constitutional crisis that inevitably followed resulted in a rise of nationalism in all republics : slovenia and croatia made demands for looser ties within the federation , the albanian majority in kosovo demanded the status of a republic , serbia sought absolute , not only relative dominion over yugoslavia . added to this , the croat quest for independence led to large serb communities within croatia rebelling and trying to secede from the croat republic . in 1986 , the [[ serbian academy of sciences and arts ]] drafted a memorandum addressing some burning issues concerning position of [[ serbs ]] as the most numerous people in yugoslavia . the largest yugoslav republic in territory and population , serbia ' s influence over the regions of kosovo and vojvodina was reduced by the 1974 constitution . because its two autonomous provinces had de facto prerogatives of full - fledged republics , serbia found that its hands were tied , for the republican government was restricted in making and carrying out decisions that would apply to the provinces . since the provinces had a vote in the federal presidency council ( an eight member council composed of representatives from six republics and two autonomous provinces ) , they sometimes even entered into coalition with other republics , thus outvoting serbia . serbia ' s political impotence made it possible for others to exert pressure on the 2 million serbs ( 20 % of total serbian population ) living outside serbia . serbian [[ communist ]] leader [[ slobodan milošević ]] sought to restore pre - 1974 serbian sovereignty . other republics , especially slovenia and croatia , denounced this move as a revival of great serbian [[ hegemony | hegemonism ]] . milošević succeeded in reducing the autonomy of [[ vojvodina ]] and of [[ kosovo | kosovo and metohija ]] , but both entities retained a vote in the yugoslav presidency council . the very instrument that reduced serbian influence before was now used to increase it : in the eight member council , serbia could now count on four votes minimum - serbia proper , then - loyal montenegro , and vojvodina and kosovo . as a result of these events , the [[ albanians | ethnic albanian ]] miners in [[ kosovo ]] organized strikes , which dovetailed into ethnic conflict between the albanians and the non - albanians in the province . at 87 % of the [[ demographic history of kosovo # 1968 - 1989 : autonomy | population of kosovo in the 1980s ]] , ethnic - albanians were the majority . the number of [[ slavs ]] in kosovo ( mainly serbs ) was quickly declining for several reasons , among them the ever increasing ethnic tensions and subsequent emigration from the area . by 1999 the slavs formed as little as 10 % of the total population in kosovo . meanwhile [[ slovenia ]] , under the presidency of [[ milan kučan ]] , and [[ croatia ]] supported albanian miners and their struggle for formal recognition {{ fact | date = february 2007 }} . initial strikes turned into widespread demonstrations demanding a kosovan republic . this angered serbia ' s leadership which proceeded to use police force , and later even the [[ yugoslav people ' s army | federal army ]] was sent to the province by the order of the serbia - held majority in the yugoslav presidency council . in january 1990 , the extraordinary 14th congress of the [[ league of communists of yugoslavia ]] was convened . for most of the time , the slovenian and serbian delegations were arguing over the future of the league of communists and yugoslavia . the serbian delegation , led by milošević , insisted on a policy of " ' ' one person , one vote ' ' " , which would empower the majority population , the [[ serbs ]] . in turn , the slovenes , supported by croats , sought to reform yugoslavia by devolving even more power to republics , but were voted down . as a result , the slovenian , and eventually croatian delegation left the congress , and the all - yugoslav communist party was dissolved . following the fall of [[ communism ]] in the rest of [[ eastern europe ]] , each of the republics held multi - party elections in 1990 . slovenia and croatia held the elections in april since their communist parties chose to secede from power peacefully . other yugoslav republics - especially serbia - were more or less dissatisfied with the democratization in two of the republics and proposed different sanctions ( e . g . serbian " customs tax " for slovenian products ) against the two of the union but as the year passed other republics communist parties saw the inevitability of the democratization process and in december as the last member of the federation - serbia held parliamentary elections which confirmed ( former ) communists rule in this republic . the unresolved issues however remained . in particular , slovenia and croatia elected governments oriented towards greater autonomy of the republics ( under [[ milan kučan ]] and [[ franjo tuđman ]] , respectively ) , since it became clear that serbian domination attempts and increasingly different levels of democratic standards are becoming increasingly incompatible . [[ serbia ]] and [[ montenegro ]] elected candidates who favoured yugoslav unity . serbs in croatia wouldn ' t accept a status of a national minority in a sovereign croatia , since they would be demoted from a constituent nation of croatia and this would consequently diminish their rights . = = yugoslav wars = = [[ image : former yugoslavia wartime 1 . png | 250px | thumb | right | war in former yugoslavia , fronts in 1993 ]] [[ image : former yugoslavia 2008 . png | 250px | thumb | right | countries of former yugoslavia ]] {{ main | yugoslav wars }} the war broke out when the new regimes tried to replace yugoslav civilian and military forces by the secessionist forces . when in august 1990 croatia attempted to replace police in the serb populated croat krajina by force , the population first looked for refuge in the jna caserns , while the army remained passive . the civilians then organised armed resistance . these armed conflicts between the croatian armed forces ( “police ” ) and civilians mark the beginning of the yugoslav war that inflamed the region . similarly , the attempt to replace yugoslav frontier police by the slovenian police provoked regional armed conflicts which finished with a minimal number of victims . a similar attempt in bosnia and herzegovina led to a war that lasted more than 3 years ( see below ) . the results of all these conflicts are almost complete emigration of the serbs from all three regions , massive displacement of the populations in bosnia and herzegovina and establishment of the 3 new independent states . the separation of the yugoslav republic of macedonia was peaceful . serbian uprisings in croatia began in august 1990 by blocking roads leading from the dalmatian coast towards the inland almost a year before croatian leadership made any move towards independence . these uprisings were more or less discretely backed up by the serbian dominated federal army ( jna ) . the serbs proclaimed the emergence of serbian autonomous areas ( known later as [[ republic of serb krajina ]] ) in croatia . federal army tried to disarm the territorial defence forces of slovenia ( republics had their local defence forces similar to [[ home guard ]] ) in 1990 but wasn ' t completely successful . still slovenia began to covertly import arms to replenish its armed forces . croatia also embarked upon the illegal importation of arms , ( following the disaramament of the republics armed forces by the federal jna ) mainly from [[ hungary ]] , and were caught when yugoslav counter intelligence ( ' ' kos , kontra - obavještajna služba ' ' ) showed a [[ špegelj tapes | video of a secret meeting ]] between croatian defence minister martin špegelj and two men . špegelj announced that they were at war with the army and gave instructions about arms smuggling as well as methods of dealing with the yugoslav army ' s officers stationed in croatian cities . serbia and jna used this discovery of croatian rearmament for propaganda purposes . in march 1990 , during the demonstrations in [[ split ]] , croatia , a young [[ yugoslavs | yugoslav ]] conscript was pushed off a tank after driving it through a crowd of people . {{ fact | date = february 2007 }} also , guns were fired from army bases through croatia . elsewhere , tensions were running high . in the same month , the [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] ( ' ' jugoslovenska narodna armija , jna ' ' ) met with the presidency of yugoslavia in an attempt to get them to declare a [[ state of emergency ]] which would allow for the army to take control of the country . the army was seen as a serbian service by that time so the consequence feared by the other republics was to be total serbian domination of the union . the representatives of [[ serbia ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ kosovo and metohija ]] , and [[ vojvodina ]] voted for the decision , while all other republics , croatia ( [[ stjepan mesić | stipe mesić ]] ) , slovenia ( [[ janez drnovšek ]] ) , macedonia ( [[ vasil tupurkovski ]] ) and bosnia and hercegovina ( [[ bogić bogićević ]] ) , voted against . the tie delayed an escalation of conflicts , but not for long . following the first multi - party election results , in the autumn of 1990 , the republics of slovenia and croatia proposed transforming yugoslavia into a loose [[ confederation ]] of six republics . by this proposal republics would have right to self - determination . however [[ slobodan milošević | milošević ]] rejected all such proposals , arguing that like slovenes and croats , the serbs ( having in mind croatian serbs ) should also have a right to self - determination . on [[ march 9 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , demonstrations were held against slobodan milošević in [[ belgrade ]] , but the police and the military were deployed in the streets to restore order , killing two people . in late march 1991 , the [[ plitvice lakes incident ]] was one of the first sparks of open war in croatia . the [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] ( jna ) , whose superior officers were mainly of serbian ethnicity , maintained an impression of being neutral , but as time went on , they got more and more involved in the state politics . on [[ june 25 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , slovenia and croatia became the first republics to declare [[ independence ]] from yugoslavia . the federal customs officers in slovenia on the border crossings with italy , austria and hungary mainly just changed uniforms since most of them were local slovenes . the border police was already slovenian before declaring independence . the following day ( [[ june 26 ]] ) , the federal executive council specifically ordered the army to take control of the " internationally recognized borders " . see [[ ten - day war ]] . the [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] forces , based in barracks in slovenia and croatia , attempted to carry out the task within the next 48 hours . however , because of the misinformation given to the yugoslav army conscripts that the federation was under attack by foreign forces , and the fact that the majority of them did not wish to engage in a war on the ground where they served their conscription , the slovene territorial defence forces retook most of the posts within several days with only minimal loss of life on both sides . there was a suspected incident of a war crime , as the [[ austria ]] n [[ orf ( broadcaster ) | orf tv station ]] showed [[ ten - day war # holmec incident | footage ]] of three yugoslav army soldiers surrendering to the territorial defense , before gunfire was heard and the troops were seen falling down . however , none were killed in the incident . there were however numerous cases of destruction of civilian property and civilian life by the yugoslav peoples army - houses , a church , civilian airport was bombarded and civilian hangar and airliners inside it , truck drivers on the road ljubljana - zagreb and austrian journalists on ljubljana airport were killed . ceasefire was agreed upon . according to the [[ brioni agreement ]] , recognized by representatives of all republics , the international community pressured slovenia and croatia to place a three - month [[ moratorium ]] on their independence . during these three months , the yugoslav army completed its pull - out from slovenia , but in croatia , a bloody [[ war in croatia | war ]] broke out in the autumn of 1991 . ethnic [[ serbs ]] , who had created their own state [[ republic of serbian krajina ]] in heavily serb - populated regions resisted the police forces of the republic of croatia who were trying to bring that breakaway region back under croatian jurisdiction . in some strategic places , the yugoslav army acted as a buffer zone , in most others it was protecting or aiding serbs with resources and even manpower in their confrontation with the new croatian army and their police force . in september 1991 , the [[ republic of macedonia ]] also declared independence , becoming the only former republic to gain sovereignty without resistance from the belgrade - based yugoslav authorities . five hundred u . s . soldiers were then deployed under the u . n . banner to monitor macedonia ' s northern borders with the republic of serbia , yugoslavia . macedonia ' s first president , [[ kiro gligorov ]] , maintained good relations with belgrade and the other breakaway republics and there have to date been no problems between macedonian and serbian border police even though small pockets of kosovo and the [[ preševo ]] valley complete the northern reaches of the historical region known as macedonia , which would otherwise create a border dispute if ever macedonian romantic nationalism should resurface ( ' ' see [[ internal macedonian revolutionary organization | imoro ]] ' ' ) . as a result of the conflict , the [[ united nations security council ]] unanimously adopted [[ un security council resolution 721 ]] on [[ november 27 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , which paved the way to the establishment of [[ peacekeeping ]] operations in yugoslavia . < ref > {{ cite web | url = http : / / www . nato . int / ifor / un / u911127a . htm | title = resolution 721 | date = [[ 1991 - 09 - 25 ]] | work = n . a . t . o . | accessdate = 2006 - 07 - 21 }} < / ref > in [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] in november 1991 , the bosnian serbs held a referendum which resulted in an overwhelming vote in favour of forming serbian republic in borders of bosnia and herzegovina and staying in a common state with [[ serbia ]] and [[ montenegro ]] . on [[ january 9 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , the self - proclaimed bosnian serb assembly proclaimed a separate " republic of the serb people of bosnia and herzegovina " . the referendum and creation of sars were proclaimed [[ constitutionality | unconstitutional ]] by the government of bosnia and herzegovina , and declared illegal and invalid . however , in february - march 1992 the government held a national referendum on bosnian independence from yugoslavia . that referendum was in turn declared contrary to the bih and federal constitution by the federal constitution court in belgrade and the newly established bosnian serb government . the referendum was largely boycotted by the bosnian serbs . it is interesting that the federal court in belgrade did not decide on the matter of the referendum of the bosnian serbs . the turnout was somewhere between 64 - 67 % and 98 % of the voters voted for independence . it was unclear what the two - thirds majority requirement actually meant and whether it was satisfied {{ fact | date = february 2007 }} . the republic ' s government declared its independence on [[ 5 april ]] , and the serbs immediately declared the independence of republika srpska . the [[ bosnian war | war in bosnia ]] followed shortly thereafter . = = = = the end of the second yugoslavia = = = = various dates are considered as the end of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia : * [[ june 25 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , when [[ croatia ]] and [[ slovenia ]] declared independence * [[ september 8 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , following a referendum the [[ republic of macedonia ]] declared independence * [[ october 8 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , when the [[ july 9 ]] moratorium on slovenian and croatian secession was ended and croatia restated its independence in croatian parliament ( that day is celebrated as independence day in croatia ) * [[ january 15 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , when slovenia and croatia were internationally recognized by most european countries * [[ april 6 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , full recognition of [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] ’ s independence by the united states and most european countries * [[ april 28 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , the formation of fry ( see below ) * november 1995 , peace signed in dayton by leaders of yugoslavia , bosnia and herzegovina and croatia * [[ agreement on sub - regional arms control ]] * 1996 - 1999 , clashes between yugoslav army and [[ kosovo liberation army | kla ]] * [[ march 24 ]] - [[ june 10 ]] , [[ 1999 ]] , nato bombing of fr yugoslavia * june 1999 , [[ un ]] and [[ nato ]] administration arrived in [[ kosovo ]] * [[ february 5 ]] , [[ 2003 ]] , state union of serbia and montenegro announced * [[ june 5 ]] , [[ 2006 ]] , after referendum in montenegro , serbia and montenegro declared their independences * [[ february 17 ]] , [[ 2008 ]] , when [[ kosovo ]] unilaterally declared independence from [[ serbia ]] = = federal republic of yugoslavia = = [[ image : yugoslaviamap . png | thumb | 250px | the federal republic of yugoslavia consisted of serbia and montenegro ]] the [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( fry ) was formed on [[ april 28 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , and it consisted of the former socialist republic of serbia and socialist republic of montenegro . the new constitution of yugoslavia was voted by the rest of mps , elected on federal one - party elections in 1986 . the war in the western parts of former yugoslavia ended in 1995 with [[ united states | u . s . ]] - sponsored peace talks in [[ dayton , ohio ]] , which resulted in the so - called [[ dayton agreement ]] . in [[ kosovo ]] , throughout the 1990s , the leadership of the albanian population had been pursuing tactics of non - violent resistance in order to achieve independence for the province . in 1996 , albanians formed [[ kosovo liberation army ]] . the yugoslav reaction involved the indiscriminate use of force against civilian populations , and caused many ethnic - albanians to flee their homes . following the [[ racak incident ]] and unsuccessful [[ rambouillet agreement ]] in the early months of 1999 , nato proceeded to bombard serbia and montenegro for more than two months , until an agreement was brokered between nato and milošević ' s government , with russia acting as intermediary . yugoslavia withdrew its forces from kosovo , in return for nato retracting their pre - war demand for nato forces to enter serbia , resulting in 250 000 serbian and other non - albanian refugees . see [[ kosovo war ]] for more information . since june 1999 , the province has been governed by peace - keeping forces from nato and [[ russia ]] , although all parties continued to recognize it as a part of serbia until 2008 . kosovo declared independence in february 2008 , but is not yet a member of the united nations and is only recognised by 46 governments . milošević ' s rejection of claims of a first - round opposition victory in new elections for the federal presidency in september 2000 led to mass demonstrations in belgrade on october 5 and the collapse of the regime ' s authority . the opposition ' s candidate , [[ vojislav koštunica ]] took office as yugoslav president on [[ october 6 ]] , [[ 2000 ]] . on saturday , [[ march 31 ]] , [[ 2001 ]] , milošević surrendered to yugoslav security forces from his home in belgrade , following a recent warrant for his arrest on charges of abuse of power and corruption . on [[ june 28 ]] he was driven to the yugoslav - bosnian border where shortly after he was placed in the custody of [[ sfor ]] officials , soon to be extradited to the [[ united nations ]] [[ international criminal tribunal for the former yugoslavia ]] . his trial on charges of [[ genocide ]] in bosnia and war crimes in croatia and in kosovo and metohija began at [[ the hague ]] on [[ february 12 ]] , [[ 2002 ]] , and he died there on [[ 11 march ]] , [[ 2006 ]] , while his trial was still ongoing . on [[ april 11 ]] , [[ 2002 ]] , the yugoslav parliament passed a law allowing extradition of all persons charged with war crimes by the international criminal tribunal . in march 2002 , the governments of serbia and montenegro agreed to reform the fry in favour of a new , much weaker form of cooperation called [[ serbia and montenegro ]] . by order of the yugoslav federal parliament on [[ february 4 ]] , [[ 2003 ]] , yugoslavia , at least nominally , ceased to exist . a federal government remained in place in belgrade but assumed largely ceremonial powers . the individual governments of serbia and of montenegro conducted their respective affairs almost as though the two republics were independent . furthermore , customs were established along the traditional border crossings between the two republics . on [[ may 21 ]] , [[ 2006 ]] , 86 percent of eligible montenegrin voters turned out for a special referendum on the independence of [[ montenegro ]] from the state union with serbia . they voted 55 . 5 % in favor of independence , recognised as above the 55 % threshold set by the [[ european union ]] for formal recognition of the independence of montenegro . on [[ june 3 ]] , [[ 2006 ]] , montenegro officially declared its independence , with serbia following suit two days later , effectively dissolving the last vestige of the former yugoslavia . = = legacy = = = = = new states = = = the present - day countries created from the former parts of yugoslavia are : * [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] * [[ croatia ]] * [[ kosovo ]] ( status as an independent country is [[ 2008 _ kosovo _ declaration _ of _ independence # international _ reaction | in dispute ]] ) * [[ former yugoslav republic of macedonia | fyr macedonia ]] * [[ montenegro ]] * [[ serbia ]] * [[ slovenia ]] the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , which applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004 . croatia applied for membership in 2003 , and could join before 2010 . fyr of macedonia applied in 2004 , and will probably join by 2010 – 2015 . the remaining four republics have yet to apply so their acceptance generally is not expected before 2015 . these states are signatories of various partnership agreements with the european union . since [[ january 1 ]] , [[ 2007 ]] , they have been encircled by member - states of eu ( and albania , which is encircled with them ) . ' ' see also : [[ enlargement of the european union ]] ' ' . < gallery caption = " flags of sfr yugoslavia and new recognized states " > image : flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | [[ sfr yugoslavia ]] image : flag of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] image : flag of croatia . svg | [[ croatia ]] image : flag of macedonia . svg | [[ former yugoslav republic of macedonia | fyr macedonia ]] image : flag of montenegro . svg | [[ montenegro ]] image : flag of serbia . svg | [[ serbia ]] image : flag of slovenia . svg | [[ slovenia ]] < / gallery > = = = remaining cultural and ethnic ties = = = the similarity of the languages and the long history of common life have left many ties among the peoples of the new states , even though the individual state policies of the new states favour differentiation , particularly in language . the [[ serbo - croatian language ]] is linguistically a unique language , with several literary and spoken variants and also was the imposed means of communication used where other languages dominated ( [[ slovenia ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] ) . now , separate sociolinguistic standards exist for [[ bosnian language ]] , [[ croatian language ]] , [[ montenegrin language | montenegrin language ]] and the [[ serbian language ]] . sfry technically had three official languages , along with minority languages official where minorities lived , but in all federal organs only serbo - croatian was used and others were expected to use it as well . remembrance of the time of the joint state and its perceived positive attributes is referred to as [[ yugonostalgy ]] ( jugonostalgija ) . a lot of aspects of yugonostalgia refer to the socialist system and the sense of social security it provided and inertness it allowed . = = miscellaneous = = * [[ asteroid ]] [[ 1554 yugoslavia ]] was discovered by [[ milorad b . protić ]] and named after yugoslavia . = = see also = = * [[ history of the balkans ]] * [[ history of europe ]] * [[ music of yugoslavia ]] * [[ yugoslav war ]] = = references = = {{ reflist }} * {{ loc }} – [ http : / / lcweb2 . loc . gov / frd / cs / yutoc . html yugoslavia ] = = further reading = = * allcock , john b . : explaining yugoslavia . new york : columbia university press , 2000 * anne marie du preez bezdrob : ' ' sarajevo roses : war memoirs of a peacekeeper ' ' . oshun , 2002 . isbn 177007031 * chan , adrian : ' ' free to choose : a teacher ' s resource and activity guide to revolution and reform in eastern europe ' ' . stanford , ca : spice , 1991 . ed 351 248 * cigar , norman , : ' ' genocide in bosnia : the policy of ethnic - cleansing ' ' . college station : texas a & m university press , 1995 * cohen , lenard j . : ' ' broken bonds : the disintegration of yugoslavia ' ' . boulder , co : westview press , 1993 * conversi , daniele : ' ' german - bashing and the breakup of yugoslavia ' ' , the donald w . treadgold papers in russian , east european and central asian studies , no . 16 , march 1998 ( university of washington : hmj school of international studies ) http : / / easyweb . easynet . co . uk / conversi / german . html * dragnich , alex n . : ' ' serbs and croats . the struggle in yugoslavia ' ' . new york : harcourt brace jovanovich , 1992 * fisher , sharon : ' ' political change in post - communist slovakia and croatia : from nationalist to europeanist ' ' . new york : palgrave macmillan , 2006 isbn 1 4039 7286 9 * [[ misha glenny | glenny , mischa ]] : ' ' [[ the balkans : nationalism , war and the great powers , 1804 - 1999 ]] ' ' ( london : penguin books ltd , 2000 ) * [[ misha glenny | glenny , mischa ]] : ' ' the fall of yugoslavia : the third balkan war ' ' , isbn 0 - 14 - 026101 - x * gutman , roy . : ' ' a witness to genocide . the 1993 pulitzer prize - winning dispatches on the " ethnic cleansing " of bosnia ' ' . new york : macmillan , 1993 * hall , brian : the impossible country : a journey through the last days of yugoslavia . penguin books . new york , 1994 * harris , judy j . : ' ' yugoslavia today ' ' . southern social studies journal 16 ( fall 1990 ) : 78 - 101 . ej 430 520 * hayden , robert m . : blueprints for a house divided : the constitutional logic of the yugoslav conflicts . ann arbor : university of michigan press , 2000 * hoare , marko a . , ' ' a history of bosnia : from the middle ages to the present day ' ' . london : saqi , 2007 * [[ barbara jelavich | jelavich , barbara ]] : ' ' history of the balkans : eighteenth and nineteenth centuries ' ' , volume 1 . new york : american council of learned societies , 1983 ed 236 093 * [[ barbara jelavich | jelavich , barbara ]] : ' ' [[ history of the balkans : twentieth century ]] ' ' , volume 2 . new york : american council of learned societies , 1983 . ed 236 094 * kohlmann , evan f . : ' ' al - qaida ' s jihad in europe : the afghan - bosnian network ' ' berg , new york 2004 , isbn 1 - 85973 - 802 - 8 ; isbn 1 - 85973 - 807 - 9 * [[ lampe , john r ]] : ' ' yugoslavia as history : twice there was a country ' ' great britain , cambridge , 1996 , isbn 0 521 46705 5 * owen , david : ' ' balkan odyssey ' ' harcourt ( harvest book ) , 1997 * ramet , sabrina : ' ' the three yugoslavias : state - building and legitimation , 1918 - 2003 ' ' . bloomington : indiana university press , 2006 * sacco , joe : ' ' safe area gorazde : the war in eastern bosnia 1992 - 1995 ' ' . fantagraphics books , january 2002 * silber , laura and allan little : ' ' yugoslavia : death of a nation ' ' . new york : penguin books , 1997 * [[ rebecca west | west , rebecca ]] : ' ' black lamb and gray falcon : a journey through yugoslavia ' ' . viking , 1941 * white , t . : ' ' another fool in the balkans - in the footsteps of rebbecca west ' ' . cadogan guides , london , 2006 * [ http : / / www . time . com / time / magazine / article / 0 , 9171 , 796967 , 00 . html time homepage : ' ' new power ' ' ] = = external links = = * [ http : / / digital . library . unt . edu / govdocs / crs / search . tkl ? q = yugoslavia & search _ crit = subject & search = search & date1 = anytime & date2 = anytime & type = form congressional research service ( crs ) reports regarding yugoslavia ] * [ http : / / vlib . iue . it / history / europe / yugoslavia . html european university institute yugoslavia ] * [ http : / / www . ohr . int / ohr - info / maps / maps ] * [ http : / / www . slobodnajugoslavija . com / slobodna jugoslavija ] * [ http : / / www . ericdigests . org / 1995 - 2 / bosnia . htm teaching about conflict and crisis in the former yugoslavia ] {{ commons | yugoslavia }} * [ http : / / books . google . com / books ? id = - 84 _ kkgmf2qc & printsec = frontcover & dq = yugoslavia & lr = & hl = de & sig = ehuyv6lzcu4v7njp _ iingo90aju # ppp15 , m1 the first yugoslavia : search for a viable political system , by alex n . dragnich ] * [ http : / / www . royalfamily . org / the official website of the royal family of serbia ] * [ http : / / news . bbc . co . uk / go / pr / fr / - / 1 / hi / world / europe / 4997380 . stm timeline : break - up of yugoslavia at bbc news ] * [ http : / / entertainment . timesonline . co . uk / tol / arts _ and _ entertainment / the _ tls / article3410344 . ece " where the west went wrong " ] : an article in the [ http : / / www . the - tls . co . uk tls ] by charles king about the dissolution of yugoslavia . * [ http : / / www . foia . cia . gov / cpe / esau / esau - 46 . pdf " yugoslavia : the outworn structure " ( [[ cia ]] ) report from november 1970 ] * the [ http : / / chnm . gmu . edu / 1989 / exhibits / collapse / essay collapse of communist yugoslavia ] {{ yug - timeline }} [[ category : yugoslavia | ]] [[ category : former countries in the balkans ]] [[ category : former countries in europe ]] [[ category : former slavic countries ]] [[ category : governments in exile during world war ii ]] [[ af : joegoslawië ]] [[ ar : يوغوسلافيا ]] [[ az : yuqoslaviya ]] [[ be : югаславія ]] [[ be - x - old : югаславія ]] [[ br : yougoslavia ]] [[ bg : югославия ]] [[ ca : iugoslàvia ]] [[ cs : jugoslávie ]] [[ cy : iwgoslafia ]] [[ da : jugoslavien ]] [[ de : jugoslawien ]] [[ et : jugoslaavia ]] [[ el : γιουγκοσλαβία ]] [[ es : yugoslavia ]] [[ eo : jugoslavio ]] [[ fa : یوگوسلاوی ]] [[ fr : yougoslavie ]] [[ ga : an iúgslaiv ]] [[ gl : iugoslavia - југославија ]] [[ ko : 유고슬라비아 ]] [[ hsb : juhosłowjanska ]] [[ hr : jugoslavija ]] [[ io : yugoslavia ]] [[ id : yugoslavia ]] [[ is : júgóslavía ]] [[ it : jugoslavia ]] [[ he : יוגוסלביה ]] [[ jv : yugoslavia ]] [[ ka : იუგოსლავია ]] [[ sw : yugoslavia ]] [[ la : iugoslavia ]] [[ lv : dienvidslāvija ]] [[ hu : jugoszlávia ]] [[ mk : југославија ]] [[ mr : युगोस्लाव्हिया ]] [[ ms : yugoslavia ]] [[ nl : joegoslavië ]] [[ ja : ユーゴスラビア ]] [[ no : jugoslavia ]] [[ nn : jugoslavia ]] [[ pl : jugosławia ]] [[ pt : jugoslávia ]] [[ ro : iugoslavia ]] [[ qu : yuguslawya ]] [[ ru : югославия ]] [[ simple : yugoslavia ]] [[ sk : juhoslávia ]] [[ sl : jugoslavija ]] [[ sr : југославија ]] [[ sh : jugoslavija ]] [[ fi : jugoslavia ]] [[ sv : jugoslavien ]] [[ th : ยูโกสลาเวีย ]] [[ vi : nam tư ]] [[ to : ʻiukosilāvia ]] [[ uk : югославія ]] [[ zh : 南斯拉夫 ]] | ||||
| 243408006 | 0 | south slavs ]] " ) is a term that describes three political entities that existed successively on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in [[ europe ]] , during most of the | [[ | 20th century ]] . the first country to be known by this name was the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , which before [[ 3 october ]] , [[ 1929 ]] | ||||
| 243549350 | 5 | of yugoslavia | alexander i ]] banned national political parties in 1929 , assumed executive power and renamed the country yugoslavia . he hoped to curb separatist tendencies and mitigate nationalist | passions | assions | . however , alexander ' s policies soon ran into the obstacle of opposition from other [[ europe ]] an powers stemming from developments in [[ italy ]] and [[ germany | |||
| 243549424 | 5 | of fugoslavia | alexander iv ]] banned national political parties in 1529 , assumed executive power and renamed the country fugoslavia . he hoped to curb separatist tendencies and mitigate nationalist | assions | passions | . however , alexander ' s policies soon ran into the obstacle of opposition from other [[ europe ]] an powers stemming from developments in [[ italy ]] and [[ germany | |||
| 243609285 | 0 | nations and , together with other countries , started the [[ non - aligned movement ]] in 1961 , which remained the official affiliation of the country until it dissolved . | = = = demographics = = = {{ main | demographics of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} the population of yugoslavia according to the 1981 census was 22 | afdgdnmv | . 4 million . [[ changes in yugoslavian religious demographics ]] = = = the government = = = [[ image : proslavatito . jpg | thumb | right | 250px | |||
| 244325833 | 30 | = = the beginning of world war ii in yugoslavia = = = [[ adolf hitler | hitler ]] then decided to attack yugoslavia on [[ april 6 ]] [[ 1941 | ]] | , followed immediately by an invasion of [[ greece ]] where [[ benito mussolini | mussolini ]] had previously been repelled . ( as a result , the launch of [[ | ||||
| 246067912 | 6 | december 2007 }} {{ refimprove | date = july 2006 }} {{ main | dissolution of yugoslavia }} [[ image : breakup of yugoslavia . gif | thumb | left | | 250px | 200px | | breakup of [[ sfr yugoslavia ]] . ]] [[ image : milosevic - 1 . jpg | 200px | right | thumb | [[ slobodan milošević ]] . ]] [[ | |||
| 246981274 | 0 | 1974 constitution as weakening serbia ' s influence and jeopardizing the unity of the country by allowing the republics the right to separate . an economic crisis erupted in the 1970s | which | was the product of disastrous errors by yugoslav governments , such as borrowing vast amounts of western capital in order to fund growth through exports . western economies then entered recession | ||||
| 246982301 | 2 | , [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] and [[ kosovo ]] . real earnings were in a free fall , social programmes had collapsed | ; | creating within the population an atmosphere of social despair and hopelessness . this was a critical turning point in the events to follow . = = = approaching the breakup = | ||||
| 246983138 | 3 | milošević in serbia was based around the idea that the west was acting against the serbian people ' s interests . these [[ nationalism | nationalist ]] appeals were ultimately successful | : | . | in every republic , beginning with slovenia and croatia in the spring , governments ignored the monetary restrictions of marković ' s stabilisation programme in order to win votes . the | |||
| 247526296 | 5 | south slavia " or " land of [[ south slavs ]] " ) is a term that describes three political entities that existed successively on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in | [[ | europe ]] , during most of the 20th century . the first country to be known by this name was the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , which before 3 october | ||||
| 6 | " or " land of [[ south slavs ]] " ) is a term that describes three political entities that existed successively on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in [[ europe | ]] | , during most of the 20th century . the first country to be known by this name was the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , which before 3 october 1929 was | |||||
| 7 | war i ]] , a number of prominent political figures from south slavic lands under the [[ house of habsburg | habsburg ]] [[ austro - hungarian empire ]] fled to | [[ | london ]] , where they began work on forming the [[ yugoslav committee ]] to represent the southern slavs of austria - hungary . these yugoslavs were citizens who identified themselves | |||||
| 8 | ]] , a number of prominent political figures from south slavic lands under the [[ house of habsburg | habsburg ]] [[ austro - hungarian empire ]] fled to [[ london | ]] | , where they began work on forming the [[ yugoslav committee ]] to represent the southern slavs of austria - hungary . these yugoslavs were citizens who identified themselves with the | |||||
| 12 | to curb separatist tendencies and mitigate nationalist passions . however , alexander ' s policies soon encountered opposition from other [[ europe ]] an powers stemming from developments in [[ italy | ]] | and [[ germany ]] , where [[ fascism | fascists ]] and [[ nazism | nazis ]] rose to power , and the [[ soviet union ]] , where [[ joseph | |||||
| 14 | and mitigate nationalist passions . however , alexander ' s policies soon encountered opposition from other [[ europe ]] an powers stemming from developments in [[ italy ]] and [[ germany | ]] | , where [[ fascism | fascists ]] and [[ nazism | nazis ]] rose to power , and the [[ soviet union ]] , where [[ joseph stalin | stalin ]] | |||||
| 16 | ]] , where [[ joseph stalin | stalin ]] became absolute ruler . none of these three regimes favored the policy pursued by alexander i . in fact , [[ italy | ]] | and [[ germany ]] wanted to revise the international treaties signed after world war i , and the soviets were determined to regain their positions in europe and pursue a more | |||||
| 18 | joseph stalin | stalin ]] became absolute ruler . none of these three regimes favored the policy pursued by alexander i . in fact , [[ italy ]] and [[ germany | ]] | wanted to revise the international treaties signed after world war i , and the soviets were determined to regain their positions in europe and pursue a more active international policy . | |||||
| 26 | as part of [[ serbia ]] and [[ slovenia ]] , while other parts of the country were occupied by [[ bulgaria ]] , [[ hungary ]] , and [[ italy | ]] | . during this time the independent state of croatia created concentration camps for anti - fascists , communists , [[ serbs ]] , [[ gypsies ]] and [[ jews ]] . | |||||
| 31 | was voted by the rest of mps , elected on federal one - party elections in 1986 . the war in the western parts of former yugoslavia ended in 1995 with | [[ united states | | u . s . ]] - sponsored peace talks in [[ dayton , ohio ]] , which resulted in the so - called [[ dayton agreement ]] . in [[ kosovo | |||||
| 33 | non - albanian refugees . see [[ kosovo war ]] for more information . since june 1999 , the province has been governed by peace - keeping forces from nato and | [[ | russia ]] , although all parties continued to recognize it as a part of serbia until 2008 . kosovo declared independence in february 2008 , but is not yet a member | |||||
| 247935764 | 51 | december 2007 }} {{ refimprove | date = july 2006 }} {{ main | dissolution of yugoslavia }} [[ image : breakup of yugoslavia . gif | thumb | left | | 200px | | breakup of [[ sfr yugoslavia ]] . ]] [[ image : milosevic - 1 . jpg | 200px | right | thumb | [[ slobodan milošević ]] . ]] [[ | ||||
| 252035354 | 1 | with serbia following suit two days later , effectively dissolving the last vestige of the former yugoslavia . = = legacy = = = = = new states = = = | fully recognized | countries created from the former yugoslavia are : * {{ bih }} * {{ cro }} * {{ mkd }} * {{ mne }} * {{ srb }} * {{ slo | ||||
| 2 | , they have been encircled by member - states of eu ( and albania , which is encircled with them ) . < gallery caption = " flags of the new | recognized | states " perrow = 4 > image : flag of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | < center > [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] < / center > image : flag | |||||
| 256961996 | 0 | the slovenian police provoked regional armed conflicts which finished with a minimal number of victims . a similar attempt in bosnia and herzegovina led to a war that lasted more than | 3 | 20 | years ( see below ) . the results of all these conflicts are almost complete emigration of the serbs from all three regions , massive displacement of the populations in bosnia | |||
| 256962020 | 0 | the slovenian police provoked regional armed conflicts which finished with a minimal number of victims . a similar attempt in bosnia and herzegovina led to a war that lasted more than | 20 | 3 | years ( see below ) . the results of all these conflicts are almost complete emigration of the serbs from all three regions , massive displacement of the populations in bosnia | |||
| 259630650 | 0 | the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , which applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004 . croatia applied for membership in | 2003 | 2004 | , and could join before 2010 {{ fact | date = december 2008 }} . macedonia applied in 2004 , and will probably join by 2010 – 2015 {{ fact | | |||
| 259636351 | 5 | _ _ = = background = = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} the idea for a single state for all [[ south slavs ]] emerged in the late 17th | century | and gained prominence in the 19th century [[ illyrian movement ]] but never came to culmination . = = kingdom of yugoslavia = = < gallery align = right perrow = | ||||
| 268170853 | 0 | in europe , during most of the 20th century . the first country to be known by this name was the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , which before 3 october | 1929 | 1957 | was known as the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes . it was established on 1 december 1918 by the union of the [[ state of slovenes , croats and | |||
| 268175122 | 0 | in europe , during most of the 20th century . the first country to be known by this name was the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , which before 3 october | 1957 | 1929 | was known as the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes . it was established on 1 december 1918 by the union of the [[ state of slovenes , croats and | |||
| 273507984 | 0 | as methods of dealing with the yugoslav army ' s officers stationed in croatian cities . serbia and jna used this discovery of croatian rearmament for propaganda purposes . in march | 1990 | 19911 | , during the demonstrations in [[ split ( city ) | split ]] , croatia , a young [[ yugoslavs | yugoslav ]] conscript was pushed off a tank after driving | |||
| 273508118 | 0 | as methods of dealing with the yugoslav army ' s officers stationed in croatian cities . serbia and jna used this discovery of croatian rearmament for propaganda purposes . in march | 19911 | 1990 | , during the demonstrations in [[ split ( city ) | split ]] , croatia , a young [[ yugoslavs | yugoslav ]] conscript was pushed off a tank after driving | |||
| 276047412 | 0 | of [[ south slavs ]] " ) is a term that describes three political entities that existed successively on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the | 20th | 29th | century . the first country to be known by this name was the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , which before 3 october 1929 was known as the kingdom of serbs | |||
| 276051496 | 0 | of [[ south slavs ]] " ) is a term that describes three political entities that existed successively on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the | 29th | 20th | century . the first country to be known by this name was the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , which before 3 october 1929 was known as the kingdom of serbs | |||
| 277852154 | 1 | and montenegro declared their independence * february 17 , 2008 , when [[ kosovo ]] unilaterally declared independence from [[ serbia ]] although this independence is still not recognized by russia | , | or china = = federal republic of yugoslavia = = {{ main | federal republic of yugoslavia }} {{ see also | kosovo war }} [[ file : yugoslaviamap . png | ||||
| 278348589 | 4 | agreement ]] . the aim of this negotiations is to include bulgaria in yugoslavia or to form a new union of two independent countries . after intervention of stalin this agreement | was | never realized . in 1974 , the two provinces of vojvodina and kosovo - metohija ( for the latter had by then been upgraded to the status of a province ) | ||||
| 283815153 | 0 | from a constituent nation of croatia and this would consequently diminish their rights . = = yugoslav wars = = {{ main | yugoslav wars }} the war broke out when | tyler stepped into | the new regimes tried to replace yugoslav civilian and military forces with secessionist forces . when in august 1990 croatia attempted to replace police in the serb populated croat krajina by | ||||
| 1 | a constituent nation of croatia and this would consequently diminish their rights . = = yugoslav wars = = {{ main | yugoslav wars }} the war broke out when the | countrythe | new regimes tried to replace yugoslav civilian and military forces with secessionist forces . when in august 1990 croatia attempted to replace police in the serb populated croat krajina by force | |||||
| 284695040 | 9 | the [[ kingdom of serbia ]] . it was invaded by the [[ axis powers ]] in 1941 , and because of the events that followed , was officially abolished in | orderofdanilo . org / en / family / index . htm < | 1945 . the second country with this name was the democratic federal yugoslavia , proclaimed in 1943 by the [[ yugoslav partisans ]] resistance movement in [[ world war ii ]] | ||||
| 81 | population in kosovo . meanwhile [[ slovenia ]] , under the presidency of [[ milan kučan ]] , and [[ croatia ]] supported albanian miners and their struggle for formal recognition | {{ fact | date = february 2007 }} | . initial strikes turned into widespread demonstrations demanding a kosovan republic . this angered serbia ' s leadership which proceeded to use police force , and later even the [[ yugoslav | |||||
| 287323494 | 2 | ( sfry ) . this was the largest yugoslav state , as [[ istria ]] and [[ rijeka ]] were added to the new yugoslavia after the end of world war | ii | . the constituent eight socialist republics and socialist autonomous provinces that made up the country , were : [[ sr bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ sr croatia ]] , [[ | ||||
| 287326801 | 2 | sfry ) . this was the largest yugoslav state , as [[ istria ]] and [[ rijeka ]] were added to the new yugoslavia after the end of the civil war | ii | . the constituent eight socialist republics and socialist autonomous provinces that made up the country , were : [[ sr bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ sr croatia ]] , [[ | ||||
| 293410555 | 1 | jews ]] and [[ croats ]] opposing its ideas . = = = yugoslav people ' s liberation war = = = {{ main | yugoslav people ' s liberation war | ii ) | }} from the start , the yugoslav resistance forces consisted of two factions : the communist - led [[ yugoslav partisans ]] , and the royalist [[ chetniks ]] . with | ||||
| 293501813 | 0 | language | albanian ]] ' ' jug ' ' and ' ' slav ' ' that means " the south slavia " or " the slavs of the south " ; | ) | is a term that describes three political entities that existed successively on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the 20th century . the first country to | ||||
| 299554407 | 0 | intervention of stalin this agreement was never realized . yugoslavia solved the national issue or nations and nationalities ( national minorities ) in a way that all nations and nationalities had | the | same rights , the right to use ones own flags , superimposed with a [[ red star ]] in the centre or in the canton . in 1974 , the two | ||||
| 1 | stalin this agreement was never realized . yugoslavia solved the national issue or nations and nationalities ( national minorities ) in a way that all nations and nationalities had same rights | . the flags of the republics used versions of the red flag and / or slavic tricolor | , the right to use ones own flags , superimposed with a [[ red star ]] in the centre or in the canton . in 1974 , the two provinces of | |||||
| 300031638 | 0 | yugoslavia ' s historic regions , and new internal boundaries were drawn for provinces or banovinas . the banovinas were named after rivers . many politicians were jailed or kept under | tight | police surveillance . the effect of alexander ' s dictatorship was to further alienate the non - serbs from the idea of unity . during his reign the flags of yugoslav | ||||
| 303157025 | 0 | yugoslav partisans | partisan ]] fighter [[ stjepan filipović ]] shouting " death to fascism , freedom to the people ! " ( the partisan slogan ) shortly before his death | in 1942 | . ]] = = = invasion of yugoslavia = = = {{ main | invasion of yugoslavia }} at 5 : 12 a . m . on april 6 , 1941 | ||||
| 309709714 | 0 | in europe , during most of the 20th century . the first country to be known by this name was the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , which before 3 october | 1929 | 2001 | was known as the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes . it was established on 1 december 1918 by the union of the [[ state of slovenes , croats and | |||
| 309709819 | 0 | in europe , during most of the 20th century . the first country to be known by this name was the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , which before 3 october | 2001 | 1929 | was known as the kingdom of fergs , arthurites and quebeckers . it was established on 1 december 1918 by the union of the [[ state of slovenes , croats and | |||
| 311073666 | 1 | ]] was discovered by [[ milorad b . protić ]] and named after yugoslavia . * famous rock and roll guitarist and historian tony m . drozdjek was born in belgrade | ]] | , 1963 . = = see also = = * [[ history of the balkans ]] * [[ history of europe ]] * [[ music of yugoslavia ]] * [[ yugoslav | ||||
| 314884067 | 6 | were initially supported by the exiled royal government as well as the [[ allies ]] , but soon focused increasingly on combating the partisans , while cooperating with the occupation forces | to an ever greater extent | . by the end of the war , the chetnik movement transformed into a collaborationist serb nationalist militia , completely dependent on axis supplies . < ref > 7david martin , | ||||
| 314888561 | 6 | were initially supported by the exiled royal government as well as the [[ allies ]] , but soon focused increasingly on combating the partisans , rather than the occupying axis forces | to an ever greater extent | . by the end of the war , the chetnik movement transformed into a collaborationist serb nationalist militia , completely dependent on axis supplies . < ref > 7david martin , | ||||
| 315047149 | 6 | were initially supported by the exiled royal government as well as the [[ allies ]] , but soon focused increasingly on combating the partisans , while cooperating with the occupation forces | to an ever greater extent | . by the end of the war , the chetnik movement transformed into a collaborationist serb nationalist militia , completely dependent on axis supplies . < ref > 7david martin , | ||||
| 315141168 | 6 | were initially supported by the exiled royal government as well as the [[ allies ]] , but soon focused increasingly on combating the partisans , rather than the occupying axis forces | to an ever greater extent | . by the end of the war , the chetnik movement transformed into a collaborationist serb nationalist militia , completely dependent on axis supplies . < ref > 7david martin , | ||||
| 315205975 | 6 | were initially supported by the exiled royal government as well as the [[ allies ]] , but soon focused increasingly on combating the partisans , while cooperating with the occupation forces | to an ever greater extent | . by the end of the war , the chetnik movement transformed into a collaborationist serb nationalist militia , completely dependent on axis supplies . < ref > 7david martin , | ||||
| 319569174 | 11 | initially supported by the exiled royal government as well as the [[ allies ]] , but soon focused increasingly on combating the partisans , rather than the occupying axis forces . | by the end of the war , the chetnik movement transformed into a collaborationist serb nationalist militia , completely dependent on axis supplies . < ref > 7david martin , ally betrayed : the uncensored story of tito and mihailovich , ( new york : prentice hall , 1946 ) , 34 . < / ref > | the highly mobile partisans , however , carried on their guerrilla warfare with great success . most notable of the victories against the occupying forces were the battles of [[ battle | ||||
| 319589909 | 1 | initially supported by the exiled royal government as well as the [[ allies ]] , but soon focused increasingly on combating the partisans , rather than the occupying axis forces . | by the end of the war , the chetnik movement transformed into a collaborationist serb nationalist militia , completely dependent on axis supplies . < ref > 7david martin , ally betrayed : the uncensored story of tito and mihailovich , ( new york : prentice hall , 1946 ) , 34 . < / ref > | the highly mobile partisans , however , carried on their guerrilla warfare with great success . most notable of the victories against the occupying forces were the battles of [[ battle | ||||
| 319701637 | 11 | initially supported by the exiled royal government as well as the [[ allies ]] , but soon focused increasingly on combating the partisans , rather than the occupying axis forces . | by the end of the war , the chetnik movement transformed into a collaborationist serb nationalist militia , completely dependent on axis supplies . < ref > 7david martin , ally betrayed : the uncensored story of tito and mihailovich , ( new york : prentice hall , 1946 ) , 34 . < / ref > | the highly mobile partisans , however , carried on their guerrilla warfare with great success . most notable of the victories against the occupying forces were the battles of [[ battle | ||||
| 319852932 | 1 | initially supported by the exiled royal government as well as the [[ allies ]] , but soon focused increasingly on combating the partisans , rather than the occupying axis forces . | by the end of the war , the chetnik movement transformed into a collaborationist serb nationalist militia , completely dependent on axis supplies . < ref > 7david martin , ally betrayed : the uncensored story of tito and mihailovich , ( new york : prentice hall , 1946 ) , 34 . < / ref > | the highly mobile partisans , however , carried on their guerrilla warfare with great success . most notable of the victories against the occupying forces were the battles of [[ battle | ||||
| 321373515 | 0 | referred to as [[ yugonostalgy ]] ( ' ' jugonostalgija ' ' ) . many aspects of yugonostalgia refer to the socialist system and the sense of social security it provided | e | . there are still people from the former - yugoslavia who self - identify as [[ yugoslavs ]] , and commonly seen in demographics relating to ethnicity in today ' s | ||||
| 321373659 | 0 | referred to as [[ yugonostalgy ]] ( ' ' jugonostalgija ' ' ) . many aspects of yugonostalgia refer to the socialist system and the sense of social security it provided | e | . g . the torture island goli otok were intellectuals and politacal prisoners were interred , tortured and shot dead for advocating democracy and cultural freedom . there are still people | ||||
| 321377060 | 1 | access for jews . a secret protocol was attached to the axis pact which promised yugoslavia access to the aegean sea at the expense of greece in the new order . | ( see also | - - [[ user : vatroslav1937 | vatroslav1937 ]] ( [[ user talk : vatroslav1937 | talk ]] ) 13 : 28 , 22 october 2009 ( utc ) serbian pro | ||||
| 321386315 | 1 | death to fascism , freedom to the people ! " ( the partisan slogan ) shortly before his death in 1942 . ]] = = serbian pro german sentiments = = | = | pro - axis support of the serbian controlled yugoslav government moved prince paul of yugoslavia gradually away from france and toward germany . in 1936 hitler decided to endorse the government | ||||
| 323187530 | 0 | initially supported by the exiled royal government as well as the [[ allies ]] , but soon focused increasingly on combating the partisans , rather than the occupying axis forces . | by the end of the war , the chetnik movement transformed into a collaborationist serb nationalist militia , completely dependent on axis supplies . < ref > 7david martin , ally betrayed : the uncensored story of tito and mihailovich , ( new york : prentice hall , 1946 ) , 34 . < / ref > | the highly mobile partisans , however , carried on their guerrilla warfare with great success . most notable of the victories against the occupying forces were the battles of [[ battle | ||||
| 323187800 | 0 | initially supported by the exiled royal government as well as the [[ allies ]] , but soon focused increasingly on combating the partisans , rather than the occupying axis forces . | by the end of the war , the chetnik movement transformed into a collaborationist serb nationalist militia , completely dependent on axis supplies . < ref > 7david martin , ally betrayed : the uncensored story of tito and mihailovich , ( new york : prentice hall , 1946 ) , 34 . < / ref > | the highly mobile partisans , however , carried on their guerrilla warfare with great success . most notable of the victories against the occupying forces were the battles of [[ battle | ||||
| 323414203 | 0 | initially supported by the exiled royal government as well as the [[ allies ]] , but soon focused increasingly on combating the partisans , rather than the occupying axis forces . | by the end of the war , the chetnik movement transformed into a collaborationist serb nationalist militia , completely dependent on axis supplies . < ref > 7david martin , ally betrayed : the uncensored story of tito and mihailovich , ( new york : prentice hall , 1946 ) , 34 . < / ref > | the highly mobile partisans , however , carried on their guerrilla warfare with great success . most notable of the victories against the occupying forces were the battles of [[ battle | ||||
| 323748841 | 1 | initially supported by the exiled royal government as well as the [[ allies ]] , but soon focused increasingly on combating the partisans , rather than the occupying axis forces . | by the end of the war , the chetnik movement transformed into a collaborationist serb nationalist militia , completely dependent on axis supplies . < ref > 7david martin , ally betrayed : the uncensored story of tito and mihailovich , ( new york : prentice hall , 1946 ) , 34 . < / ref > | the highly mobile partisans , however , carried on their guerrilla warfare with great success . most notable of the victories against the occupying forces were the battles of [[ battle | ||||
| 324374703 | 1 | headed by his cousin [[ prince paul of yugoslavia | prince paul ]] . = = = the 1930s in yugoslavia = = = the international political scene in the late | 1930s | 2000s | was marked by growing intolerance between the principal figures , by the aggressive attitude of the [[ totalitarianism | totalitarian ]] regimes and by the certainty that the order set up | |||
| 324375623 | 1 | by his cousin [[ prince paul of yugoslavia | prince paul ]] . = = = the 1930s in yugoslavia = = = the international political pokemon confederation in the late | 2000s | 1930s | was marked by growing intolerance between the principal figures , by the aggressive attitude of the [[ totalitarianism | totalitarian ]] regimes and by the certainty that the order set up | |||
| 328282999 | 0 | prisoner . even though the belgrade government was pro - german the axis powers occupied yugoslavia because yugoslavia was russia ' s ally and the germans went to war with russia | [ 3 ] | . the [[ independent state of croatia ]] was established as a [[ nazi ]] satellite state , ruled by the [[ fascism | fascist ]] militia known as the [[ | ||||
| 332045546 | 0 | of resistance against the invading german army ( ' ' [[ wehrmacht heer ]] ' ' ) . more than three hundred thousand yugoslav officers and soldiers were taken prisoner . | zdghdsgvhjfskbvh kjdsfhbgvjuxcgh kvjhbsdf ; viugsdfkjbvhsiudhg ; nsdoihvjsbndgvbkjsghdfgkjbnui ; gsdglksjdghgbhsdvghsdkmbngkajdgksjgxvbn ; dfsgh sdgiuhkjx | the axis powers occupied yugoslavia and split it up . the [[ independent state of croatia ]] was established as a [[ nazi ]] satellite state , ruled by the [[ | ||||
| 332046057 | 0 | of resistance against the invading german army ( ' ' [[ wehrmacht heer ]] ' ' ) . more than three hundred thousand yugoslav officers and soldiers were taken prisoner . | zdghdsgvhjfskbvh kjdsfhbgvjuxcgh kvjhbsdf ; viugsdfkjbvhsiudhg ; nsdoihvjsbndgvbkjsghdfgkjbnui ; gsdglksjdghgbhsdvghsdkmbngkajdgksjgxvbn ; dfsgh sdgiuhkjx | the axis powers occupied yugoslavia and split it up . the [[ independent state of croatia ]] was established as a [[ nazi ]] satellite state , ruled by the [[ | ||||
| 337615564 | 0 | a regency council headed by his cousin [[ prince paul of yugoslavia | prince paul ]] . = = = the 1930s in yugoslavia = = = the international political scene | hello | in the late 1930s was marked by growing intolerance between the principal figures , by the aggressive attitude of the [[ totalitarianism | totalitarian ]] regimes and by the certainty that | ||||
| 337615803 | 1 | a regency council headed by his cousin [[ prince paul of yugoslavia | prince paul ]] . = = = the 1930s in yugoslavia = = = the international political scene | hello | in the late 1930s was marked by growing intolerance between the principal figures , by the aggressive attitude of the [[ totalitarianism | totalitarian ]] regimes and by the certainty that | ||||
| 343361859 | 0 | [[ sr serbia ]] ( including the [[ autonomy | autonomous ]] provinces of [[ sap vojvodina ]] and [[ sap kosovo ]] which were also equal members of the federation | {{ citation needed }} | ) . starting in 1991 , the sfry disintegrated in the [[ yugoslav wars ]] which followed the [[ secession ]] of most of the country ' s constituent entities . | ||||
| 347002410 | 0 | ref > ) . the kingdom of yugoslavia was invaded by the [[ axis powers ]] in 1941 , and because of the events that followed , was officially abolished in | 1943 | 1990 | and 1945 . the second country with this name was the democratic federal yugoslavia , proclaimed in 1943 by the [[ yugoslav partisans ]] resistance movement in [[ world war ii | |||
| 1 | ) . the kingdom of yugoslavia was invaded by the [[ axis powers ]] in 1941 , and because of the events that followed , was officially abolished in 1943 and | 1945 . | 1995 | the second country with this name was the democratic federal yugoslavia , proclaimed in 1943 by the [[ yugoslav partisans ]] resistance movement in [[ world war ii ]] . it | ||||
| 347114664 | 0 | ref > ) . the kingdom of yugoslavia was invaded by the [[ axis powers ]] in 1941 , and because of the events that followed , was officially abolished in | 1990 | 1943 | and 1995 the second country with this name was the democratic federal yugoslavia , proclaimed in 1943 by the [[ yugoslav partisans ]] resistance movement in [[ world war ii ]] | |||
| 1 | ) . the kingdom of yugoslavia was invaded by the [[ axis powers ]] in 1941 , and because of the events that followed , was officially abolished in 1990 and | 1995 | 1945 . | the second country with this name was the democratic federal yugoslavia , proclaimed in 1943 by the [[ yugoslav partisans ]] resistance movement in [[ world war ii ]] . it | ||||
| 347947211 | 0 | main | creation of yugoslavia }} yugoslavia was the idea for a single state for all [[ south slavs | south slavic ]] [[ intelligentsia ]] and emerged in the late | 17th | 18th | and gained prominence in the 19th century [[ illyrian movement ]] , that culminated in the realization of the ideal with the 1918 collapse of [[ house of habsburg | habsburg | |||
| 347992953 | 0 | main | creation of yugoslavia }} yugoslavia was the idea for a single state for all [[ south slavs | south slavic ]] [[ intelligentsia ]] and emerged in the late | 18th | 17th | and gained prominence in the 19th century [[ illyrian movement ]] , that culminated in the realization of the ideal with the 1918 collapse of [[ house of habsburg | habsburg | |||
| 367694598 | 9 | the slovenian police provoked regional armed conflicts which finished with a minimal number of victims . a similar attempt in bosnia and herzegovina led to a war that lasted more than | 3 | three | years ( see below ) . the results of all these conflicts are almost complete emigration of the serbs from all three regions , massive displacement of the populations in bosnia | |||
| 10 | the results of all these conflicts are almost complete emigration of the serbs from all three regions , massive displacement of the populations in bosnia and herzegovina and establishment of the | 3 | three | new independent states . the separation of macedonia was peaceful , although the yugoslav army occupied the peak of the straža mountain on the macedonian soil . serbian uprisings in croatia | ||||
| 17 | ]] ' ' ) . this was despite the fact that the yugoslav army refused to abandon its military infrastructure on the top of the straža mountain up to the year | [[ | 2000 ]] . as a result of the conflict , the [[ united nations security council ]] unanimously adopted [[ un security council resolution 721 ]] on november 27 , 1991 | |||||
| 18 | ' ) . this was despite the fact that the yugoslav army refused to abandon its military infrastructure on the top of the straža mountain up to the year [[ 2000 | ]] | . as a result of the conflict , the [[ united nations security council ]] unanimously adopted [[ un security council resolution 721 ]] on november 27 , 1991 , which | |||||
| 369520199 | 1 | the former territory of yugoslavia , 2008 . ]] {{ main | breakup of yugoslavia }} after tito ' s death on 4 may 1980 , [[ ethnic group | ethnic | ]] [[ stress ( biological ) | | tensions ]] grew in yugoslavia . the legacy of the [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution of 1974 ]] was used to throw the system of | ||||
| 387220623 | 1 | to throw the system of decision - making into a state of paralysis , made all the more hopeless as the conflict of interests had become irreconcilable . the constitutional crisis | ]] | that inevitably followed resulted in a rise of nationalism in all republics : slovenia and croatia made demands for looser ties within the federation , the albanian majority in kosovo demanded | ||||
| 400599300 | 3 | including the [[ autonomy | autonomous ]] provinces of [[ sap vojvodina ]] and [[ sap kosovo ]] who after 1974 were largely equal to the other members of the federation | . | ) . starting in 1991 , the sfry disintegrated in the [[ yugoslav wars ]] which followed the [[ secession ]] of most of the country ' s constituent entities . | ||||
| 75 | . * [ http : / / www . foia . cia . gov / cpe / esau / esau - 46 . pdf " yugoslavia : the outworn structure " | ( | [[ cia ]] ) report from november 1970 ] * the [ http : / / chnm . gmu . edu / 1989 / exhibits / collapse / essay collapse of | |||||
| 405576186 | 2 | mihailov ' s ]] [[ internal macedonian revolutionary organization ]] in the cooperation of the [[ ustaše ]] , a croatian fascist revolutionary organization . alexander was succeeded by his eleven | - | year old son [[ peter ii of yugoslavia | peter ii ]] and a regency council headed by his cousin [[ prince paul of yugoslavia | prince paul ]] . = | ||||
| 3 | ' s ]] [[ internal macedonian revolutionary organization ]] in the cooperation of the [[ ustaše ]] , a croatian fascist revolutionary organization . alexander was succeeded by his eleven year | - | old son [[ peter ii of yugoslavia | peter ii ]] and a regency council headed by his cousin [[ prince paul of yugoslavia | prince paul ]] . = = | |||||
| 4 | croatian fascist revolutionary organization . alexander was succeeded by his eleven year old son [[ peter ii of yugoslavia | peter ii ]] and a regency council headed by his cousin | , | [[ prince paul of yugoslavia | prince paul ]] . = = = 1934 - 1941 = = = the international political scene in the late 1930s was marked by growing | |||||
| 405577552 | 13 | western and central europe . the chetniks were initially supported by the exiled royal government as well as the [[ allies ]] , but soon focused increasingly on combating the partisans | , | rather than the occupying axis forces . by the end of the war , the chetnik movement transformed into a collaborationist serb nationalist militia , completely dependent on axis supplies . | ||||
| 18 | king , led to the [[ tito - šubašić agreement ]] in june 1944 , however marshal [[ josip broz tito ]] was seen as a national hero by the citizens | , | and was elected by referendum to lead the new independent [[ communism | communist ]] state , starting as a [[ prime minister ]] . the official yugoslav post - war | |||||
| 408000620 | 0 | = = the post - [[ world war ii ]] yugoslavia was in many respects a model {{ citation needed | date = december 2009 }} of how to build a | [[ | multinational state . the federation was constructed against a double background : an inter - war yugoslavia which had been dominated by the [[ serbs | serbian ]] ruling class ; | ||||
| 1 | the post - [[ world war ii ]] yugoslavia was in many respects a model {{ citation needed | date = december 2009 }} of how to build a multinational state | ]] | . the federation was constructed against a double background : an inter - war yugoslavia which had been dominated by the [[ serbs | serbian ]] ruling class ; and a | |||||
| 418372256 | 1 | [[ yugoslav partisans ]] resistance movement during [[ world war ii ]] . it was renamed to the federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia in 1946 , when a communist | ]] | government was established . in 1963 , it was renamed again to the [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( sfry ) . this was the largest yugoslav state , | ||||
| 425985360 | 0 | declared its independence on 5 april , and the serbs immediately declared the independence of republika srpska . the [[ bosnian war | war in bosnia ]] followed shortly thereafter . | = | = = = the end of the second yugoslavia = = = = various dates are considered the end of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia : * june 25 , | ||||
| 432373118 | 0 | of the republic of croatia who were trying to bring that breakaway region back under croatian jurisdiction . in some strategic places , the yugoslav army acted as a buffer zone | , | ; | in most others it was protecting or aiding serbs with resources and even manpower in their confrontation with the new croatian army and their police force . in september 1991 , | |||
| 438819032 | 3 | for - eu - membership / 63428 . aspx < / ref > montenegro is [[ accession of montenegro to the european union | official candidate ]] for membership in the | [[ | european union ]] < ref > [ http : / / www . pobjeda . me / citanje . php ? datum = 2010 - 12 - 17 & id = | ||||
| 441313646 | 5 | popular support for paul ' s regency . senior military officers were also opposed to the treaty and launched a [[ coup d ' état ]] when the king returned on | 27 | march 27 . army general [[ dušan simović ]] seized power , arrested the vienna delegation , exiled paul , and ended the regency , giving 17 - year - old | ||||
| 48 | serbs ]] and the [[ kingdom of serbia ]] ( to which the [[ kingdom of montenegro ]] was annexed on 13 november 1918 , and the conference of ambassadors in | [[ | paris ]] gave international recognition to the union on 13 july 1922 ) . < ref > http : / / www . orderofdanilo . org / en / family / | |||||
| 49 | and the [[ kingdom of serbia ]] ( to which the [[ kingdom of montenegro ]] was annexed on 13 november 1918 , and the conference of ambassadors in [[ paris | ]] | gave international recognition to the union on 13 july 1922 ) . < ref > http : / / www . orderofdanilo . org / en / family / index . | |||||
| 51 | yugoslav partisans ]] resistance movement during [[ world war ii ]] . it was renamed to the federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia in 1946 , when a [[ communist | ]] | government was established . in 1963 , it was renamed again to the [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( sfry ) . this was the largest yugoslav state , | |||||
| 62 | this was at the expense of popular support for paul ' s regency . senior military officers were also opposed to the treaty and launched a [[ coup d ' état | ]] | when the king returned on march 27 . army general [[ dušan simović ]] seized power , arrested the vienna delegation , exiled paul , and ended the regency , giving | |||||
| 77 | broz tito was seen as a national hero by the citizens and was elected by referendum to lead the new independent [[ communism | communist ]] state , starting as a | [[ | prime minister ]] . the official yugoslav post - war estimate of [[ world war ii casualties | victims ]] in yugoslavia during [[ world war ii ]] is 1 , | |||||
| 84 | . the country distanced itself from the soviets in 1948 ( cf . [[ cominform ]] and [[ informbiro ]] ) and started to build its own way to [[ socialism | ]] | under the strong political leadership of [[ josip broz tito ]] . the country criticized both [[ eastern bloc ]] and [[ nato ]] nations and , together with other countries | |||||
| 93 | census taken in 1921 and later in 1948 show that 99 % of the population appeared to be deeply involved with their religion and practices . with postwar government programs of | [[ | modernization ]] and [[ urbanization ]] , the percentage of religious believers took a dramatic plunge . connections between religious belief and nationality posed a serious threat to the post - | |||||
| 94 | in 1921 and later in 1948 show that 99 % of the population appeared to be deeply involved with their religion and practices . with postwar government programs of [[ modernization | ]] | and [[ urbanization ]] , the percentage of religious believers took a dramatic plunge . connections between religious belief and nationality posed a serious threat to the post - war communist | |||||
| 95 | and later in 1948 show that 99 % of the population appeared to be deeply involved with their religion and practices . with postwar government programs of [[ modernization ]] and | [[ | urbanization ]] , the percentage of religious believers took a dramatic plunge . connections between religious belief and nationality posed a serious threat to the post - war communist government ' | |||||
| 96 | in 1948 show that 99 % of the population appeared to be deeply involved with their religion and practices . with postwar government programs of [[ modernization ]] and [[ urbanization | ]] | , the percentage of religious believers took a dramatic plunge . connections between religious belief and nationality posed a serious threat to the post - war communist government ' s policies | |||||
| 97 | " > http : / / atheism . about . com / library / world / kz / bl _ yugoreligiondemography . htm < / ref > after the rise of | [[ | communism ]] , a survey taken in 1964 showed that just over 70 % of the total population of yugoslavia considered themselves to be religious believers . the places of highest | |||||
| 98 | http : / / atheism . about . com / library / world / kz / bl _ yugoreligiondemography . htm < / ref > after the rise of [[ communism | ]] | , a survey taken in 1964 showed that just over 70 % of the total population of yugoslavia considered themselves to be religious believers . the places of highest religious concentration | |||||
| 121 | down . as a result , the slovenian , and eventually croatian delegation left the congress , and the all - yugoslav communist party was dissolved . following the fall of | [[ | communism ]] in the rest of [[ eastern europe ]] , each of the republics held multi - party elections in 1990 . slovenia and croatia held the elections in april | |||||
| 122 | as a result , the slovenian , and eventually croatian delegation left the congress , and the all - yugoslav communist party was dissolved . following the fall of [[ communism | ]] | in the rest of [[ eastern europe ]] , each of the republics held multi - party elections in 1990 . slovenia and croatia held the elections in april since their | |||||
| 123 | slovenian , and eventually croatian delegation left the congress , and the all - yugoslav communist party was dissolved . following the fall of [[ communism ]] in the rest of | [[ | eastern europe ]] , each of the republics held multi - party elections in 1990 . slovenia and croatia held the elections in april since their communist parties chose to cede | |||||
| 124 | eventually croatian delegation left the congress , and the all - yugoslav communist party was dissolved . following the fall of [[ communism ]] in the rest of [[ eastern europe | ]] | , each of the republics held multi - party elections in 1990 . slovenia and croatia held the elections in april since their communist parties chose to cede power peacefully . | |||||
| 147 | parliament ( that day is celebrated as independence day in croatia ) * january 15 , 1992 , when slovenia and croatia were internationally recognized by most european countries * april | 6 , | 1992 , full recognition of [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] ’ s independence by the u . s . and most european countries * april 28 , 1992 , [[ federal | |||||
| 446485759 | 1 | self - identify as [[ yugoslavs ]] , and commonly seen in demographics relating to ethnicity in today ' s independent states . = = miscellaneous = = * [[ asteroid | | | asteroid ]] [[ 1554 yugoslavia ]] was discovered by [[ milorad b . protić ]] and named after yugoslavia . = = see also = = * [[ history of the | ||||
| 468701811 | 54 | yugoslavia 2008 . png | 300px | thumb | right | states and entities on the former territory of yugoslavia , 2008 . ]] = = = new states = = | = | countries created from the former yugoslavia : { | class = " wikitable " ! < center > ' ' ' [[ list of countries | name ]] ' ' ' | ||||
| 478217075 | 7 | officially abolished in 1943 and 1945 . the second country with this name was the democratic federal yugoslavia , proclaimed in 1943 by the [[ yugoslav partisans ]] resistance movement during | [[ | world war ii ]] . it was renamed to the federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia in 1946 , when a communist government was established . in 1963 , it | ||||
| 8 | and 1945 . the second country with this name was the democratic federal yugoslavia , proclaimed in 1943 by the [[ yugoslav partisans ]] resistance movement during [[ world war ii | ]] | . it was renamed to the federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia in 1946 , when a communist government was established . in 1963 , it was renamed again to | |||||
| 9 | jugoslavia . png | thumb | 250px | right | [[ kingdom of yugoslavia # internal divisions | banovinas ]] of yugoslavia in 1929 . ]] formed in 1918 immediately after | [[ | world war i ]] as the kingdom of serbs croats and slovenes by union of the [[ state of slovenes , croats and serbs ]] and the [[ kingdom of serbia | |||||
| 10 | thumb | 250px | right | [[ kingdom of yugoslavia # internal divisions | banovinas ]] of yugoslavia in 1929 . ]] formed in 1918 immediately after [[ world war i | ]] | as the kingdom of serbs croats and slovenes by union of the [[ state of slovenes , croats and serbs ]] and the [[ kingdom of serbia ]] . commonly called | |||||
| 11 | specified that croatia was to remain part of yugoslavia , but it was hurriedly building an independent political identity in international relations . the entire kingdom was to be federalized but | [[ | world war ii ]] stopped the fulfillment of those plans . prince paul submitted to the fascist pressure and signed the [[ tripartite treaty ]] in vienna on 25 march 1941 | |||||
| 12 | to remain part of yugoslavia , but it was hurriedly building an independent political identity in international relations . the entire kingdom was to be federalized but [[ world war ii | ]] | stopped the fulfillment of those plans . prince paul submitted to the fascist pressure and signed the [[ tripartite treaty ]] in vienna on 25 march 1941 , hoping to still | |||||
| 14 | state , starting as a prime minister . the official yugoslav post - war estimate of [[ world war ii casualties | victims ]] in yugoslavia during [[ world war ii | ]] | is 1 , 704 , 000 . subsequent data gathering in the 1980s by historians [[ vladimir žerjavić ]] and [[ bogoljub kočović ]] showed that the actual number of dead | |||||
| 15 | in 1974 that gave more rights to the individual republics in yugoslavia and provinces in serbia . = = = ethnic tensions and economic crisis = = = the post – | [[ | world war ii ]] yugoslavia was in many respects a model {{ citation needed | date = december 2009 }} of how to build a [[ multinational state ]] . the | |||||
| 16 | more rights to the individual republics in yugoslavia and provinces in serbia . = = = ethnic tensions and economic crisis = = = the post – [[ world war ii | ]] | yugoslavia was in many respects a model {{ citation needed | date = december 2009 }} of how to build a [[ multinational state ]] . the federation was constructed against | |||||
| 17 | a sole [[ succession of states | legal successor ]] to the [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] , but those claims were opposed by other former republics . the | [[ | united nations ]] also [[ united nations security council resolution 777 | denied its request to automatically continue the membership of the former state ]] . < ref > {{ cite | |||||
| 18 | succession of states | legal successor ]] to the [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] , but those claims were opposed by other former republics . the [[ united nations | ]] | also [[ united nations security council resolution 777 | denied its request to automatically continue the membership of the former state ]] . < ref > {{ cite book | url | |||||
| 20 | jugoslaw / yugo . pdf | publisher = ebrd country promotion programme | page = 3 }} < / ref > from 1992 to 2000 , some countries , including the | [[ | united states ]] , referred to the federal republic of yugoslavia as " serbia and montenegro " . < ref > 1999 [[ cia ]] [[ world factbook ]] : [ | |||||
| 21 | . pdf | publisher = ebrd country promotion programme | page = 3 }} < / ref > from 1992 to 2000 , some countries , including the [[ united states | ]] | , referred to the federal republic of yugoslavia as " serbia and montenegro " . < ref > 1999 [[ cia ]] [[ world factbook ]] : [ http : / | |||||
| 23 | as well as culture and influence . < ref > {{ cite web | title = former yugoslavia patches itself together : entering the yugosphere | publisher = [[ the economist | ]] | | date = 2009 - 08 - 20 | url = http : / / www . economist . com / node / 14258861 | accessdate = 2011 - 11 - | |||||
| 482752219 | 0 | campaign that developed into the largest resistance army in occupied western and central europe . the chetniks were initially supported by the exiled royal government as well as the [[ allies | of world war ii | allies | ]] , they but soon focused increasingly on combating the partisans rather than the occupying axis forces . by the end of the war , the chetnik movement transformed into a | ||||
| 495585894 | 5 | ' ' jugoslavija ' ' ; [[ serbian cyrillic | cyrillic ]] : југославија ) was a country in the western part of the [[ balkans ]] during most of the | [[ | 20th century which was established three times under differing forms of government . the first country to be known by this name was the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , which | ||||
| 9 | officially abolished in 1943 and 1945 . the second country with this name was the democratic federal yugoslavia , proclaimed in 1943 by the [[ yugoslav partisans ]] resistance movement during | [[ | world war ii . it was renamed to the federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia in 1946 , when a communist government was established . in 1963 , it was | |||||
| 10 | 1943 and 1945 . the second country with this name was the democratic federal yugoslavia , proclaimed in 1943 by the [[ yugoslav partisans ]] resistance movement during world war ii | ]] | . it was renamed to the federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia in 1946 , when a communist government was established . in 1963 , it was renamed again to | |||||
| 495666744 | 26 | [[ slovene language | slovene ]] : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' , југославија ) was a country in the western part of the [[ balkans ]] during most of the | [[ | 20th century ]] . the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , which before 3 october 1929 was known as the ' ' kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ' ' | ||||
| 28 | events that followed , was officially abolished in 1943 and 1945 . the democratic federal yugoslavia was proclaimed in 1943 by the [[ yugoslav partisans | partisans ]] resistance movement during | [[ | world war ii ]] . it was renamed to the federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia in 1946 , when a communist government was established . in 1963 , it | |||||
| 29 | was officially abolished in 1943 and 1945 . the democratic federal yugoslavia was proclaimed in 1943 by the [[ yugoslav partisans | partisans ]] resistance movement during [[ world war ii | ]] | . it was renamed to the federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia in 1946 , when a communist government was established . in 1963 , it was renamed again to | |||||
| 495668696 | 7 | ' ' jugoslavija ' ' ; [[ serbian cyrillic | cyrillic ]] : југославија ) was a country in the western part of the [[ balkans ]] during most of the | [[ | 20th century which was established three times under differing forms of government . the first country to be known by this name was the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , which | ||||
| 11 | officially abolished in 1943 and 1945 . the second country with this name was the democratic federal yugoslavia , proclaimed in 1943 by the [[ yugoslav partisans ]] resistance movement during | [[ | world war ii . it was renamed to the federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia in 1946 , when a communist government was established . in 1963 , it was | |||||
| 12 | 1943 and 1945 . the second country with this name was the democratic federal yugoslavia , proclaimed in 1943 by the [[ yugoslav partisans ]] resistance movement during world war ii | ]] | . it was renamed to the federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia in 1946 , when a communist government was established . in 1963 , it was renamed again to | |||||
| 499296493 | 3 | slavism ]] ideologies , yugoslavia was ultimately the idea for a single state for all [[ south slavs | south slavic ]] [[ intelligentsia ]] and emerged in the late 17th | century | and gained prominence in the 19th century [[ illyrian movement ]] . coined from the slavic words " jug " ( south ) and " slaveni " ( slavs ) . | ||||
| 508093234 | 0 | [[ slovene language | slovene ]] : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' , југославија ) was a country in the western part of the [[ balkans ]] during most of the | [[ | 20th century ]] . the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , which before 3 october 1929 was known as the ' ' kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ' ' | ||||
| 527680630 | 2 | favour differentiation , particularly in language . the [[ serbo - croatian language ]] is linguistically a unique language , with several literary and spoken variants and also was the imposed | means of communication used | where other languages dominated ( [[ socialist republic of slovenia | slovenia ]] , [[ socialist republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] ) . now , separate sociolinguistic standards exist for | ||||
| 542256959 | 0 | center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of slovenia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | } = = = succession | , 1992 - 2003 | = = = as the [[ yugoslav wars ]] raged through croatia and bosnia , the republics of serbia and montenegro , which remained relatively untouched by the war , formed | ||||
| 11 | recognized state . however , numerous countries , including the united states , have recognized kosovo as an independent nation . in april 2001 , the five successor states drafted and | in june 2001 they | signed an agreement on succession issues . < ref > {{ cite web | url = http : / / www . dipublico . com . ar / english / yugoslav | |||||
| 542257478 | 0 | referred to the fry as " serbia and montenegro " . < ref name = " serbia and montenegro " / > ) in april 2001 , the five successor states | extant at the time | drafted and then signed an agreement on succession issues in june 2001 . < ref > {{ cite web | url = http : / / www . dipublico . com | ||||
| 3 | to the fry as " serbia and montenegro " . < ref name = " serbia and montenegro " / > ) in april 2001 , the five successor states drafted | and then signed | an agreement on succession issues in june 2001 . < ref > {{ cite web | url = http : / / www . dipublico . com . ar / english | |||||
| 542271741 | 2 | serbia ]] . in february 2008 , the [[ republic of kosovo ]] declared independence from serbia , leading to an ongoing dispute on whether kosovo is a legally recognized state | ]] | . however , numerous countries , including the united states and various members of the [[ european union ]] , have recognized kosovo as an independent nation . = = background | ||||
| 562701743 | 3 | abolished in 1943 and 1945 . the democratic federal yugoslavia was proclaimed in 1943 by the [[ yugoslav partisans | partisans ]] resistance movement during [[ world war ii ]] . | in 1944 , the king recognised | it was renamed to the federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia in 1946 , when a communist government was established . in 1963 , it was renamed again to the | ||||
| 563179561 | 1 | carrying out decisions that would apply to the provinces . since the provinces had a vote in the federal presidency council ( an eight - member council composed of representatives from | the | six republics and two autonomous provinces ) , they sometimes even entered into coalition with other republics , thus outvoting serbia . serbia ' s political impotence made it possible for | ||||
| 563180646 | 6 | [[ republic of serb krajina ]] ) in croatia . the federal army tried to disarm the territorial defence forces of slovenia ( republics had their local defence forces similar to | the | home guard ) in 1990 but wasn ' t completely successful . still , slovenia began to covertly import arms to replenish its armed forces . croatia also embarked upon the | ||||
| 24 | ) , whose superior officers were mainly of serbian ethnicity , maintained an impression of being neutral , but as time went on , they got more and more involved in | the | state politics . on 25 june 1991 , slovenia and croatia became the first republics to declare [[ independence ]] from yugoslavia . the federal customs officers in slovenia on the | |||||
| 27 | carry out the task within the next 48 hours . however , because of the misinformation given to the yugoslav army conscripts that the federation was under attack by foreign forces | , | and the fact that the majority of them did not wish to engage in a war on the ground where they served their conscription , the slovene territorial defence forces retook | |||||
| 563181699 | 1 | orf ( broadcaster ) | orf tv station ]] showed [[ ten - day war # holmec incident | footage ]] of three yugoslav army soldiers surrendering to the territorial defense | force | , before gunfire was heard and the troops were seen falling down . however , none were killed in the incident . there were however numerous cases of destruction of civilian | ||||
| 6 | a civilian airport , along with a hangar and airliners inside it was bombarded ; truck drivers on the road from ljubljana to zagreb and austrian journalists at the ljubljana airport | ]] | were killed . a ceasefire was agreed upon . according to the [[ brioni agreement ]] , recognized by representatives of all republics , the international community pressured slovenia and croatia | |||||
| 568473261 | 0 | all the more hopeless as the conflict of interests had become irreconcilable . the [[ constitutional crisis ]] that inevitably followed resulted in a rise of nationalism in all republics : | in the [[ 1981 protests in kosovo ]] while serbian authorities suppressed this sentiment and proceeded to reduce the province ' s autonomy . | , not only relative dominion over yugoslavia . added to this , the croat quest for independence led to large serb communities within croatia rebelling and trying to secede from the | ||||
| 1 | a rise of nationalism in all republics : slovenia and croatia made demands for looser ties within the federation , the albanian majority in kosovo demanded the status of a republic | through a series of moves known as the " [[ anti - bureaucratic revolution ]] " | in 1986 , the [[ serbian academy of sciences and arts ]] drafted a memorandum addressing some burning issues concerning position of serbs as the most numerous people in yugoslavia . | |||||
| 7 | a rise of nationalism in all republics : slovenia and croatia made demands for looser ties within the federation , the albanian majority in kosovo demanded the status of a republic | ; serbia sought absolute | , not only relative dominion over yugoslavia . added to this , the croat quest for independence led to large serb communities within croatia rebelling and trying to secede from the | |||||
| 569536615 | 1 | but this was at the expense of popular support for paul ' s regency . senior military officers were also opposed to the treaty and launched a coup d ' état | ]] | when the king returned on [[ yugoslav military coup of march 27 , 1941 | 27 march ]] . army general [[ dušan simović ]] seized power , arrested the vienna | ||||
| 578523219 | 2 | | macedonian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' , југославија ) was a country in the western part of [[ southeast europe ]] | , | during most of the 20th century . the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , which before 3 october 1929 was known as the ' ' kingdom of serbs , croats and | ||||
| 588344999 | 9 | , but in november 1945 the monarchy was abolished . yugoslavia was renamed the federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia in 1946 , when a communist government was established . | it acquired the territories of [[ istria ]] , [[ rijeka ]] , and [[ zadar ]] from italy . leader of the partisans [[ josip broz tito ]] ruled the country as the president until his death in 1980 . | in 1963 , it was renamed again to the [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( sfry ) . this became the largest yugoslav state as [[ istria ]] , | ||||
| 37 | . pdf | publisher = ebrd country promotion programme | page = 3 }} < / ref > from 1992 to 2000 , some countries , including the [[ united states | ]] | , referred to the fry as " serbia and montenegro " . < ref name = " serbia and montenegro " > 1999 [[ cia ]] [[ world factbook ]] : | |||||
| 588345051 | 0 | = 3 }} < / ref > serbia and montenegro themselves broke up in 2006 and became independent states , while [[ republic of kosovo | kosovo ]] proclaimed independence in | 2011 | 2008 | . = = background = = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} the concept of ' ' yugoslavia ' ' , as a single state for all [[ south slavs | |||
| 594475714 | 6 | political parties , assumed executive power and renamed the country yugoslavia . he hoped to curb separatist tendencies and mitigate nationalist passions . he imposed a new constitution in 1931 . | ]] and relinquished his dictatorship | in 1931 . however , alexander ' s policies later encountered opposition from other european powers stemming from developments in italy and germany , where fascists and [[ nazism | nazis | ||||
| 606952320 | 2 | kingdom of montenegro ]] . serbian royal [[ house of karađorđević ]] became the yugoslav royal dynasty . yugoslavia gained international recognition on 13 july 1922 at the conference of ambassadors | ]] | in paris . < ref > http : / / www . orderofdanilo . org / en / family / index . htm < / ref > the country was named | ||||
| 7 | . org / en / family / index . htm < / ref > the country was named after [[ south slavs | south slavic peoples ]] as their first union | ever | , after centuries - long rules of the [[ ottoman empire ]] and [[ austria - hungary ]] on these territories . renamed [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] on 3 october | |||||
| 607836587 | 1 | bloody history | publisher = bbc news | date = 24 march 1999 | accessdate = 29 december 2010 }} < / ref > after an economical and political crisis in | the | 1980s and rise of nationalism , yugoslavia [[ breakup of yugoslavia | broke up ]] along republic borders , at first into five countries , leading to the [[ yugoslav wars | ||||
| 2 | | publisher = bbc news | date = 24 march 1999 | accessdate = 29 december 2010 }} < / ref > after an economical and political crisis in 1980s and | a | rise of nationalism , yugoslavia [[ breakup of yugoslavia | broke up ]] along republic borders , at first into five countries , leading to the [[ yugoslav wars ]] . | |||||
| 611570223 | 0 | republic of slovenia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | } in 1947 , negotiations between yugoslavia and bulgaria were led and finalized with the [[ bled agreement | ( 1947 ) | bled agreement | ]] . the aim of the negotiations was to include bulgaria in yugoslavia or to form a new union of two independent countries . after the intervention of stalin this agreement | ||||
| 616725067 | 0 | the southern austrian provinces of [[ styria ]] and [[ carinthia ( state ) | carinthia ]] . however , the partisans withdrew from trieste in june of the same year | under heavy pressure from stalin , who did not want a controntation with the other allies | . western attempts to reunite the partisans , who denied the supremacy of the old government of the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , and the émigrés loyal to the king | ||||
| 616726337 | 7 | bled agreement ( 1947 ) | bled agreement ]] . the aim of the negotiations was to include bulgaria in yugoslavia or to form a new union of two independent countries | , and enable yugoslavia to start a civil war in greece and use albania and bulgaria as bases | . after the intervention of stalin this agreement was never realized . yugoslavia solved the national issue of nations and nationalities ( national minorities ) in a way that all nations | ||||
| 9 | ]] . the aim of the negotiations was to include bulgaria in yugoslavia or to form a new union of two independent countries . after the intervention of stalin this agreement | and it | was never realized . yugoslavia solved the national issue of nations and nationalities ( national minorities ) in a way that all nations and nationalities had the same rights . the | |||||
| 12 | abdicate . on 31 january 1946 , the new [[ 1946 yugoslav constitution | constitution ]] of [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] , modeled after the [[ soviet union | ]] | , established six republics , an autonomous province , and an autonomous district that were part of sr serbia . the federal capital was [[ belgrade ]] . { | class | |||||
| 616888308 | 18 | in august 1990 , croatia attempted to replace police in the serb populated croat krajina by force , the population first looked for refuge in the jna caserns ( yugolsavian army | ' s | barracks ) , while the army remained passive . the civilians then organized armed resistance . these armed conflicts between the croatian armed forces ( " police " ) and civilians | ||||
| 19 | , croatia attempted to replace police in the serb populated croat krajina by force , the population first looked for refuge in the jna caserns ( yugolsavian army ' s barracks | ) | , while the army remained passive . the civilians then organized armed resistance . these armed conflicts between the croatian armed forces ( " police " ) and civilians mark the | |||||
| 616890253 | 3 | in government , such as [[ edvard kardelj ]] or [[ stane dolanc ]] , were more important than the prime minister . the suppression of national identities escalated with the | leaders of the protests by sacking them from university and communist party posts . < ref > {{ cite journal | last = žilnik | first = želimir | url = http : / / www . ghi - dc . org / files / publications / bu _ supp / supp006 / bus6 _ 181 . pdf | title = yugoslavia : " down with the red bourgeoisie ! " | issue = 1968 : memories and legacies of a global revolt | journal = bulletin of the ghi | year = 2009 }} < / ref > a more severe sign of disobedience was | so - called [[ croatian spring ]] of 1970 – 1971 , when students in [[ zagreb ]] organized demonstrations for greater civil liberties and greater croatian autonomy . the regime | ||||
| 648135254 | 3 | the territories of [[ istria ]] , [[ rijeka ]] , and [[ zadar ]] from italy . leader of the partisans [[ josip broz tito ]] ruled the country as | the | president until his death in 1980 . in 1963 , the country was renamed again to the [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( sfry ) . the constituent six | ||||
| 655802890 | 0 | crisis erupted in the 1970s which was the product of disastrous errors by yugoslav governments , such as borrowing vast amounts of western capital in order to fund growth through exports | {{ citation needed }} | . western economies then entered recession , blocked yugoslav exports and created a huge debt problem . the yugoslav government then accepted the [[ international monetary fund | imf ]] loan | ||||
| 656901506 | 30 | new states = = the successor states to the former yugoslavia are the following : { | class = " sortable wikitable " ! [[ list of countries | name ]] | ! | ! [[ capital city | capital ]] ! ! [[ flag ]] ! ! [[ coat of arms ]] ! ! declared date of independence ! ! official state - recognised | ||||
| 33 | of countries | name ]] ! ! [[ capital city | capital ]] ! ! [[ flag ]] ! ! [[ coat of arms ]] ! ! declared date of independence | ! | ! official state - recognised date of independence ! ! public holiday used to celebrate independence | - | [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] | [[ sarajevo ]] | style = | |||||
| 686837499 | 2 | , were more important than the prime minister . first cracks in the tightly governed system surfaced when students of the [[ university of belgrade ]] and several other cities joined | ]] | the worldwide [[ protests of 1968 ]] . president josip broz tito gradually stopped the protests by giving in to some of the students ' demands and saying that " students | ||||
| 702550312 | 6 | location map . svg | thumb | right | 300px | general location of yugoslavia . first established with the [[ treaty of rapallo , 1920 | treaty of rapallo ]] | ' ' ' | , the original western border left a population of half a million [[ south slavs ]] < ref name = " hehnp _ low _ dishonest _ decade " > hehn | ||||
| 11 | | macedonian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' , југославија ) was a country in [[ southeast europe ]] during most of the | [[ | 20th century . it came into existence after [[ world war i ]] in 1918 {{ efn - lr | the [[ yugoslav committee ]] , led by [[ dalmatia ]] | |||||
| 30 | by the [[ axis powers ]] on 6 april 1941 . in 1943 , a democratic federal yugoslavia was proclaimed by the [[ yugoslav partisans | partisan resistance ]] . in | [[ | 1944 , the king recognised it as the legitimate government , but in november 1945 the monarchy was abolished . yugoslavia was renamed the federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia | |||||
| 32 | , a democratic federal yugoslavia was proclaimed by the [[ yugoslav partisans | partisan resistance ]] . in 1944 , the king recognised it as the legitimate government , but in | [[ | november 1945 the monarchy was abolished . yugoslavia was renamed the federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia in 1946 , when a communist government was established . it acquired the | |||||
| 33 | democratic federal yugoslavia was proclaimed by the [[ yugoslav partisans | partisan resistance ]] . in 1944 , the king recognised it as the legitimate government , but in november 1945 | ]] | the monarchy was abolished . yugoslavia was renamed the federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia in 1946 , when a communist government was established . it acquired the territories of | |||||
| 50 | ]] . serbia contained two socialist autonomous provinces , [[ socialist autonomous province of vojvodina | vojvodina ]] and [[ socialist autonomous province of kosovo | kosovo ]] , which after | [[ | 1974 were largely equal to the other members of the federation . < ref > {{ cite book | last = huntington | first = samuel p . | title = | |||||
| 51 | . serbia contained two socialist autonomous provinces , [[ socialist autonomous province of vojvodina | vojvodina ]] and [[ socialist autonomous province of kosovo | kosovo ]] , which after 1974 | ]] | were largely equal to the other members of the federation . < ref > {{ cite book | last = huntington | first = samuel p . | title = [[ | |||||
| 52 | history | publisher = bbc news | date = 24 march 1999 | accessdate = 29 december 2010 }} < / ref > after an economic and political crisis in the | [[ | 1980s and the rise of nationalism , yugoslavia [[ breakup of yugoslavia | broke up ]] along its republics ' borders , at first into five countries , leading to the | |||||
| 53 | | publisher = bbc news | date = 24 march 1999 | accessdate = 29 december 2010 }} < / ref > after an economic and political crisis in the 1980s | ]] | and the rise of nationalism , yugoslavia [[ breakup of yugoslavia | broke up ]] along its republics ' borders , at first into five countries , leading to the [[ | |||||
| 60 | . org / jugoslaw / yugo . pdf | publisher = ebrd country promotion programme | page = 3 }} < / ref > serbia and montenegro themselves broke up in | [[ | 2006 and became independent states , while [[ republic of kosovo | kosovo ]] proclaimed independence in 2008 . = = background = = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} | |||||
| 61 | org / jugoslaw / yugo . pdf | publisher = ebrd country promotion programme | page = 3 }} < / ref > serbia and montenegro themselves broke up in 2006 | ]] | and became independent states , while [[ republic of kosovo | kosovo ]] proclaimed independence in 2008 . = = background = = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} the | |||||
| 62 | = 3 }} < / ref > serbia and montenegro themselves broke up in 2006 and became independent states , while [[ republic of kosovo | kosovo ]] proclaimed independence in | [[ | 2008 . = = background = = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} the concept of ' ' yugoslavia ' ' , as a single state for all [[ south | |||||
| 63 | 3 }} < / ref > serbia and montenegro themselves broke up in 2006 and became independent states , while [[ republic of kosovo | kosovo ]] proclaimed independence in 2008 | ]] | . = = background = = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} the concept of ' ' yugoslavia ' ' , as a single state for all [[ south slavs | |||||
| 702550399 | 0 | [[ rijeka ]] , and [[ zadar ]] from [[ italy ]] . [[ partisan ]] leader [[ josip broz tito ]] ruled the country as president until his death in | [[ | 1980 . in [[ 1963 ]] , the country was renamed again as the [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( sfry ) . the constituent six socialist republics that | ||||
| 1 | rijeka ]] , and [[ zadar ]] from [[ italy ]] . [[ partisan ]] leader [[ josip broz tito ]] ruled the country as president until his death in 1980 | ]] | . in [[ 1963 ]] , the country was renamed again as the [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( sfry ) . the constituent six socialist republics that made | |||||
| 702550622 | 2 | of yugoslavia }} the concept of ' ' yugoslavia ' ' , as a single state for all [[ south slavs | south slavic ]] peoples , emerged in the late | [[ | 17th century and gained prominence through the [[ illyrian movement ]] of the 19th century . the name was created by the combination of the slavic words " jug " ( | ||||
| 4 | a single state for all [[ south slavs | south slavic ]] peoples , emerged in the late 17th century and gained prominence through the [[ illyrian movement ]] of the | [[ | 19th century . the name was created by the combination of the slavic words " jug " ( south ) and " slaveni " ( slavs ) . yugoslavia was the | |||||
| 7 | century and gained prominence through the [[ illyrian movement ]] of the 19th century . the name was created by the combination of the slavic words " jug " ( south | ]] | ) and " slaveni " ( slavs ) . yugoslavia was the result of the [[ corfu declaration ]] , as a project of the serbian parliament in exile and the | |||||
| 702589142 | 6 | thumb | right | 300px | general location of [[ yugoslavia ]] . first established with the ' ' ' [[ treaty of rapallo , 1920 | treaty of rapallo ]] | ' ' ' | , the original western border left a population of half a million ' ' ' [[ south slavs ]] ' ' ' < ref name = " hehnp _ low _ | ||||
| 11 | | macedonian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' , југославија ) was a country in [[ southeast europe ]] during most of the | [[ | 20th century ]] . it came into existence after [[ world war i ]] in [[ 1918 ]] {{ efn - lr | the [[ yugoslav committee ]] , led by | |||||
| 18 | [[ house of karađorđević ]] became the yugoslav royal dynasty . yugoslavia gained international recognition on [[ 13 july ]] [[ 1922 ]] at the [[ conference of ambassadors ]] in | [[ | paris ]] . < ref > http : / / www . orderofdanilo . org / en / family / index . htm < / ref > the country was named | |||||
| 30 | 6 april ]] [[ 1941 ]] . in [[ 1943 ]] , a [[ democratic federal yugoslavia ]] was proclaimed by the [[ yugoslav partisans | partisan resistance ]] . in | [[ | 1944 ]] , the king recognised it as the legitimate government , but in [[ november 1945 ]] the monarchy was abolished . [[ yugoslavia ]] was renamed the [[ federal | |||||
| 36 | in [[ 1944 ]] , the king recognised it as the legitimate government , but in [[ november 1945 ]] the monarchy was abolished . [[ yugoslavia ]] was renamed the | [[ | federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ]] in [[ 1946 ]] , when a [[ communist government ]] was established . it acquired the territories of [[ istria ]] , | |||||
| 39 | government , but in [[ november 1945 ]] the monarchy was abolished . [[ yugoslavia ]] was renamed the [[ federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ]] in [[ 1946 | ]] | , when a [[ communist government ]] was established . it acquired the territories of [[ istria ]] , [[ rijeka ]] , and [[ zadar ]] from [[ italy ]] | |||||
| 46 | [[ rijeka ]] , and [[ zadar ]] from [[ italy ]] . [[ partisan ]] leader [[ josip broz tito ]] ruled the country as president until his death in | [[ | 1980 ]] . in [[ 1963 ]] , the country was renamed again as the [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( sfry ) . the constituent six socialist republics | |||||
| 47 | ]] , and [[ zadar ]] from [[ italy ]] . [[ partisan ]] leader [[ josip broz tito ]] ruled the country as president until his death in [[ 1980 | ]] | . in [[ 1963 ]] , the country was renamed again as the [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( sfry ) . the constituent six socialist republics that made | |||||
| 52 | [[ serbia ]] contained two socialist autonomous provinces , [[ socialist autonomous province of vojvodina | vojvodina ]] and [[ socialist autonomous province of kosovo | kosovo ]] , which after | [[ | 1974 ]] were largely equal to the other members of the federation . < ref > {{ cite book | last = huntington | first = samuel p . | title | |||||
| 53 | ]] contained two socialist autonomous provinces , [[ socialist autonomous province of vojvodina | vojvodina ]] and [[ socialist autonomous province of kosovo | kosovo ]] , which after [[ 1974 | ]] | were largely equal to the other members of the federation . < ref > {{ cite book | last = huntington | first = samuel p . | title = [[ | |||||
| 54 | history | publisher = bbc news | date = 24 march 1999 | accessdate = 29 december 2010 }} < / ref > after an economic and political crisis in the | [[ | 1980s ]] and the rise of nationalism , [[ yugoslavia ]] [[ breakup of yugoslavia | broke up ]] along its republics ' borders , at first into five countries , | |||||
| 55 | publisher = bbc news | date = 24 march 1999 | accessdate = 29 december 2010 }} < / ref > after an economic and political crisis in the [[ 1980s | ]] | and the rise of nationalism , [[ yugoslavia ]] [[ breakup of yugoslavia | broke up ]] along its republics ' borders , at first into five countries , leading to | |||||
| 62 | / jugoslaw / yugo . pdf | publisher = ebrd country promotion programme | page = 3 }} < / ref > [[ serbia and montenegro ]] themselves broke up in | [[ | 2006 ]] and became independent states , while [[ republic of kosovo | kosovo ]] proclaimed independence in [[ 2008 ]] . = = background = = ' ' ' {{ | |||||
| 63 | / yugo . pdf | publisher = ebrd country promotion programme | page = 3 }} < / ref > [[ serbia and montenegro ]] themselves broke up in [[ 2006 | ]] | and became independent states , while [[ republic of kosovo | kosovo ]] proclaimed independence in [[ 2008 ]] . = = background = = ' ' ' {{ main | | |||||
| 64 | / ref > [[ serbia and montenegro ]] themselves broke up in [[ 2006 ]] and became independent states , while [[ republic of kosovo | kosovo ]] proclaimed independence in | [[ | 2008 ]] . = = background = = ' ' ' {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} ' ' ' the concept of ' ' [[ yugoslavia ]] ' ' | |||||
| 65 | > [[ serbia and montenegro ]] themselves broke up in [[ 2006 ]] and became independent states , while [[ republic of kosovo | kosovo ]] proclaimed independence in [[ 2008 | ]] | . = = background = = ' ' ' {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} ' ' ' the concept of ' ' [[ yugoslavia ]] ' ' , as | |||||
| 70 | ' the concept of ' ' [[ yugoslavia ]] ' ' , as a single state for all [[ south slavs | south slavic ]] peoples , emerged in the late | [[ | 17th century ]] and gained prominence through the [[ illyrian movement ]] of the [[ 19th century ]] . the name was created by the combination of the slavic words " | |||||
| 72 | state for all [[ south slavs | south slavic ]] peoples , emerged in the late [[ 17th century ]] and gained prominence through the [[ illyrian movement ]] of the | [[ | 19th century ]] . the name was created by the combination of the slavic words " jug " ( [[ south ]] ) and " slaveni " ( [[ slavs ]] | |||||
| 75 | prominence through the [[ illyrian movement ]] of the [[ 19th century ]] . the name was created by the combination of the slavic words " jug " ( [[ south | ]] | ) and " slaveni " ( [[ slavs ]] ) . [[ yugoslavia ]] was the result of the [[ corfu declaration ]] , as a project of the [[ serbian | |||||
| 716053999 | 4 | serbian " customs tax " for slovenian products ) against the two , but as the year progressed , other republics ' communist parties saw the inevitability of the democratisation process | and | ; | in december as the last member of the federation – serbia held parliamentary elections which confirmed former communists ' rule in this republic . the unresolved issues however remained . in | |||
| 768225465 | 2 | yugoslavia , 1929 – 39 . after 1939 the sava and littoral banovinas were merged into the [[ banovina of croatia ]] }} the country was formed in 1918 immediately after | [[ | world war i as the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes by union of the [[ state of slovenes , croats and serbs ]] and the [[ kingdom of serbia | ||||
| 768228450 | 4 | yugoslavia , 1929 – 39 . after 1939 the sava and littoral banovinas were merged into the [[ banovina of croatia ]] }} the country was formed in 1918 immediately after | [[ | world war 1 | final removal of kebab ]] as the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes by union of the [[ state of slovenes , croats and serbs ]] | ||||
| 772701137 | 9 | army general [[ dušan simović ]] seized power , arrested the vienna delegation , exiled paul , and ended the regency , giving 17 - year - old king peter ii | of yugoslavia | king peter ]] | full powers . [[ adolf hitler | hitler ]] then decided to attack yugoslavia on 6 april 1941 , followed immediately by an invasion of greece where [[ benito mussolini | | ||||
| 781116889 | 3 | chapter = participation of former yugoslav states in the united nations | pages = 241 – 243 }} < / ref > in 2000 , milosevic was trailed for the atrocities | he | committed and partook in during his ten - year ruling in serbia and the yugoslavia war . < ref name = " : 0 " / > eventually , after the | ||||
| 4 | participation of former yugoslav states in the united nations | pages = 241 – 243 }} < / ref > in 2000 , milosevic was trailed for the atrocities he committed | and partook | in during his ten - year ruling in serbia and the yugoslavia war . < ref name = " : 0 " / > eventually , after the [[ overthrow of | |||||
| 5 | yugoslav states in the united nations | pages = 241 – 243 }} < / ref > in 2000 , milosevic was trailed for the atrocities he committed and partook in | during | his ten - year ruling in serbia and the yugoslavia war . < ref name = " : 0 " / > eventually , after the [[ overthrow of slobodan milošević | |||||
| 785635499 | 2 | ( national minorities ) in a way that all nations and nationalities had the same rights . the flags of the republics used versions of the red flag or slavic tricolor | ]] | , with a [[ red star ]] in the centre or in the canton . = = the 1948 yugoslavia - soviet split = = {{ further information | tito – | ||||
| 809234479 | 0 | ' ' {{ lang | sh | jugoslavija }} ' ' , југославија ; {{ ipa - sh | juɡǒslaːʋija | } } ) was a country in [[ southeast europe | | southeastern | ]] during most of the 20th century . it came into existence after [[ world war i ]] in 1918 {{ efn - lr | the [[ yugoslav committee ]] , | ||||
| 819802470 | 0 | * 14 december 1995 , the [[ dayton agreement ]] is signed by the leaders of fr yugoslavia , bosnia and herzegovina , and croatia = = new states = = | according to | the successor states to the former yugoslavia are the following : { | class = " sortable wikitable " ! [[ list of sovereign states | name ]] ! [[ capital | ||||
| 1 | 14 december 1995 , the [[ dayton agreement ]] is signed by the leaders of fr yugoslavia , bosnia and herzegovina , and croatia = = new states = = the | succession agreement signed in vienna on 29 june 2001 , all assets of former yugoslavia were divided between five | successor states to the former yugoslavia are the following : { | class = " sortable wikitable " ! [[ list of sovereign states | name ]] ! [[ capital city | |||||
| 827945260 | 0 | that inevitably followed resulted in a rise of nationalism in all republics : slovenia and croatia voiced demands for looser ties within the federation . following the fall of communism in | the rest of | eastern europe , each of the republics held multi - party elections in 1990 . slovenia and croatia held the elections in april since their communist parties chose to cede power | ||||
| 833181829 | 3 | / yugo . pdf | archivedate = 28 september 2011 | df = dmy - all }} < / ref > [[ serbia and montenegro ]] themselves broke up in 2006 | , when serbia | and became independent states , while [[ kosovo ]] proclaimed independence in 2008 . = = background = = {{ main article | creation of yugoslavia }} the concept of ' | ||||
| 837896709 | 0 | = october 2012 }} {{ infobox former country | conventional _ long _ name = yugoslavia | native _ name = | common _ name = yugoslavia | continent = europe | | era = 20th century | | region = southeastern europe | life _ span = 1918 – 1992 | p1 = kingdom of serbia | flag _ p1 = state flag of serbia ( 1882 - | ||||
| 846286389 | 1 | korea and other miracle countries . the unique socialist system in yugoslavia , where factories were owned by workers and decision - making was less centralized than in other socialist countries | , | may have led to the stronger growth . however , even if the absolute value of the growth rates was not as high as indicated by the official statistics , both | ||||
| 856438374 | 0 | ]] [[ category : former monarchies ]] [[ category : southeastern europe ]] [[ category : history of yugoslavia | ]] [[ category : states and territories established in 1918 ]] | [[ category : states and territories disestablished in 1992 ]] | |||||
| 857344426 | 12 | display = title }} {{ authority control }} [[ category : yugoslavia | ]] [[ category : former countries in the balkans ]] [[ category : former countries in europe ]] | [[ category : former member states of the united nations ]] | [[ category : former slavic countries ]] [[ category : former monarchies ]] [[ category : southeastern europe ]] [[ category : history of yugoslavia | ]] [[ category : states |
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| 80305420 | 1 | party ]] ( ' ' komunistička partija ' ' ) , and were against the king , joined the [[ partisans ( yugoslavia ) | yugoslav national liberation army ]] ( | nla | nov | ) , led by [[ josip broz tito ]] . [[ image : jasenovac6 . jpg | right | thumb | 250px | [[ jasenovac concentration camp # mass murder and |
| 2 | ]] . [[ image : jasenovac6 . jpg | right | thumb | 250px | [[ jasenovac concentration camp # mass murder and cruelty | children in jasenovac ]] ]] the | nla | nov | initiated a [[ guerrilla warfare | guerrilla ]] campaign which was developed into the largest resistance army in occupied western and central europe . the chetniks initially made notable incursions and | |
| 5 | following chetniks ' termination of war activities against the germans , reported atrocities against non - serb population and frequent collaboration with italians and ( less frequently ) germans against the | nla | nov | , the allies eventually switched to support the nla . however , nla carried on its guerrilla warfare . this led to great civilian loss of life in most regions of | |
| 6 | germans , reported atrocities against non - serb population and frequent collaboration with italians and ( less frequently ) germans against the nla , the allies eventually switched to support the | nla | nov | . however , nla carried on its guerrilla warfare . this led to great civilian loss of life in most regions of yugoslavia . the [[ demography | demographic ]] loss | |
| 7 | against non - serb population and frequent collaboration with italians and ( less frequently ) germans against the nla , the allies eventually switched to support the nla . however , | nla | nov | carried on its guerrilla warfare . this led to great civilian loss of life in most regions of yugoslavia . the [[ demography | demographic ]] loss is estimated at 1 | |
| 8 | the [[ communism | communist ]] - led [[ partisans ( yugoslavia ) | partisans ]] were ' ' de facto ' ' rulers on the liberated territories , and the | nla | nov | organized [[ people ' s committee ]] s to act as civilian government . in autumn of 1941 , the partisans established the [[ republic of užice ]] in the liberated | |
| 80306243 | 0 | of the country , establishing a federation ( this date was celebrated as republic day after the war ) . = = = the liberation of yugoslavia = = = the | nla | nov | was able to expel the axis from serbia in [[ 1944 ]] and the rest of yugoslavia in [[ 1945 ]] . the [[ red army ]] aided in liberating [[ |
| 3 | [[ red army ]] aided in liberating [[ belgrade ]] as well as some other territories , but withdrew after the war was over . in [[ may ]] 1945 , | nla | nov | met with allied forces outside former yugoslav borders , after taking over also [[ trieste ]] and parts of [[ austria | austrian ]] southern provinces [[ styria ]] and [[ | |
| 5 | and [[ carinthia ]] . this was the territory populated predominantly by [[ slovenians | slovenes ]] ( and [[ croats ]] in [[ istria ]] ) . however , the | nla | nov | withdrew from trieste in [[ june ]] of the same year . westerner attempts to reunite the partisans , who denied supremacy of the old government of the [[ kingdom of | |
| 80314145 | 6 | ' komunistička partija ' ' ) , and were against the king , joined the [[ partisans ( yugoslavia ) | yugoslav national liberation army - narodno oslobodilacka vojska ]] ( | nov | nla | ) , led by [[ josip broz tito ]] . [[ image : jasenovac6 . jpg | right | thumb | 250px | [[ jasenovac concentration camp # mass murder and |
| 7 | ]] . [[ image : jasenovac6 . jpg | right | thumb | 250px | [[ jasenovac concentration camp # mass murder and cruelty | children in jasenovac ]] ]] the | nov | nla | initiated a [[ guerrilla warfare | guerrilla ]] campaign which was developed into the largest resistance army in occupied western and central europe . the chetniks initially made notable incursions and | |
| 9 | killed 50 . following chetniks ' termination of war activities against the germans , reported atrocities against non - serb population and increasingly frequent collaboration with italians and germans against the | nov | nla | , the allies eventually switched to support the nov . however , nov carried on its guerrilla warfare . this led to great civilian loss of life in most regions of | |
| 10 | activities against the germans , reported atrocities against non - serb population and increasingly frequent collaboration with italians and germans against the nov , the allies eventually switched to support the | nov | nla | . however , nov carried on its guerrilla warfare . this led to great civilian loss of life in most regions of yugoslavia . the [[ demography | demographic ]] loss | |
| 11 | , reported atrocities against non - serb population and increasingly frequent collaboration with italians and germans against the nov , the allies eventually switched to support the nov . however , | nov | nla | carried on its guerrilla warfare . this led to great civilian loss of life in most regions of yugoslavia . the [[ demography | demographic ]] loss is estimated at 1 | |
| 12 | the [[ communism | communist ]] - led [[ partisans ( yugoslavia ) | partisans ]] were ' ' de facto ' ' rulers on the liberated territories , and the | nov | nla | organized [[ people ' s committee ]] s to act as civilian government . in autumn of 1941 , the partisans established the [[ republic of užice ]] in the liberated | |
| 13 | of the country , establishing a federation ( this date was celebrated as republic day after the war ) . = = = the liberation of yugoslavia = = = the | nov | nla | was able to expel the axis from serbia in [[ 1944 ]] and the rest of yugoslavia in [[ 1945 ]] . the [[ red army ]] was allowed by nov | |
| 16 | the [[ red army ]] was allowed by nov to pass through serbia from romania and exit through vojvodina on the north of serbia . in [[ may ]] 1945 , | nov | nla | met with allied forces outside former yugoslav borders , after liberating [[ trieste ]] and parts of [[ austria | austrian ]] southern provinces [[ styria ]] and [[ carinthia ]] | |
| 18 | and [[ carinthia ]] . this was the territory populated predominantly by [[ slovenians | slovenes ]] ( and [[ croats ]] in [[ istria ]] ) . however , the | nov | nla | withdrew from trieste in [[ june ]] of the same year . westerner foolish attempts to reunite the partisans , who denied supremacy of the old government of the [[ kingdom | |
| 80541289 | 1 | party ]] ( ' ' komunistička partija ' ' ) , and were against the king , joined the [[ partisans ( yugoslavia ) | yugoslav national liberation army ]] ( | nla | nov | ) , led by [[ josip broz tito ]] . [[ image : jasenovac6 . jpg | right | thumb | 250px | [[ jasenovac concentration camp # mass murder and |
| 2 | ]] . [[ image : jasenovac6 . jpg | right | thumb | 250px | [[ jasenovac concentration camp # mass murder and cruelty | children in jasenovac ]] ]] the | nla | nov | initiated a [[ guerrilla warfare | guerrilla ]] campaign which was developed into the largest resistance army in occupied western and central europe . the chetniks initially made notable incursions and | |
| 4 | following chetniks ' termination of war activities against the germans , reported atrocities against non - serb population and frequent collaboration with italians and ( less frequently ) germans against the | nla | nov | , the allies eventually switched to support the nla . however , nla carried on its guerrilla warfare . this led to great civilian loss of life in most regions of | |
| 5 | germans , reported atrocities against non - serb population and frequent collaboration with italians and ( less frequently ) germans against the nla , the allies eventually switched to support the | nla | nov | . however , nla carried on its guerrilla warfare . this led to great civilian loss of life in most regions of yugoslavia . the [[ demography | demographic ]] loss | |
| 6 | against non - serb population and frequent collaboration with italians and ( less frequently ) germans against the nla , the allies eventually switched to support the nla . however , | nla | nov | carried on its guerrilla warfare . this led to great civilian loss of life in most regions of yugoslavia . the [[ demography | demographic ]] loss is estimated at 1 | |
| 8 | the [[ communism | communist ]] - led [[ partisans ( yugoslavia ) | partisans ]] were ' ' de facto ' ' rulers on the liberated territories , and the | nla | nov | organized [[ people ' s committee ]] s to act as civilian government . in autumn of 1941 , the partisans established the [[ republic of užice ]] in the liberated | |
| 80541881 | 0 | of the country , establishing a federation ( this date was celebrated as republic day after the war ) . = = = the liberation of yugoslavia = = = the | nla | nov | was able to expel the axis from serbia in [[ 1944 ]] and the rest of yugoslavia in [[ 1945 ]] . the [[ red army ]] aided in liberating [[ |
| 4 | [[ red army ]] aided in liberating [[ belgrade ]] as well as some other territories , but withdrew after the war was over . in [[ may ]] 1945 , | nla | nov | met with allied forces outside former yugoslav borders , after taking over also [[ trieste ]] and parts of [[ austria | austrian ]] southern provinces [[ styria ]] and [[ | |
| 5 | and [[ carinthia ]] . this was the territory populated predominantly by [[ slovenians | slovenes ]] ( and [[ croats ]] in [[ istria ]] ) . however , the | nla | nov | withdrew from trieste in [[ june ]] of the same year . westerner attempts to reunite the partisans , who denied supremacy of the old government of the [[ kingdom of | |
| 80546909 | 1 | ' ' komunistička partija ' ' ) , and were against the king , joined the [[ partisans ( yugoslavia ) | yugoslav national liberation army ]] narodno oslobodilacka vojska ( | nov | nla | ) , led by [[ josip broz tito ]] . [[ image : jasenovac6 . jpg | right | thumb | 250px | [[ jasenovac concentration camp # mass murder and |
| 2 | ]] . [[ image : jasenovac6 . jpg | right | thumb | 250px | [[ jasenovac concentration camp # mass murder and cruelty | children in jasenovac ]] ]] the | nov | nla | initiated a [[ guerrilla warfare | guerrilla ]] campaign which was developed into the largest resistance army in occupied western and central europe . the chetniks initially made some incursions and | |
| 4 | following chetniks ' termination of war activities against the germans , reported atrocities against non - serb population and frequent collaboration with italians and ( less frequently ) germans against the | nov | nla | , the allies eventually switched to support the nov . however , nov carried on its guerrilla warfare . nazi occupation and ethnic cleansing by ustaše in croatia and bosnia , | |
| 5 | germans , reported atrocities against non - serb population and frequent collaboration with italians and ( less frequently ) germans against the nov , the allies eventually switched to support the | nov | nla | . however , nov carried on its guerrilla warfare . nazi occupation and ethnic cleansing by ustaše in croatia and bosnia , led to great civilian loss of life in most | |
| 6 | against non - serb population and frequent collaboration with italians and ( less frequently ) germans against the nov , the allies eventually switched to support the nov . however , | nov | nla | carried on its guerrilla warfare . nazi occupation and ethnic cleansing by ustaše in croatia and bosnia , led to great civilian loss of life in most regions of yugoslavia . | |
| 8 | the [[ communism | communist ]] - led [[ partisans ( yugoslavia ) | partisans ]] were ' ' de facto ' ' rulers on the liberated territories , and the | nov | nla | organized [[ people ' s committee ]] s to act as civilian government . in autumn of 1941 , the partisans established the [[ republic of užice ]] in the liberated | |
| 9 | of the country , establishing a federation ( this date was celebrated as republic day after the war ) . = = = the liberation of yugoslavia = = = the | nov | nla | was able to expel the axis from serbia in [[ 1944 ]] and the rest of yugoslavia in [[ 1945 ]] . nov allowed [[ red army ]] to enter jugoslavia | |
| 13 | aid in liberating [[ belgrade ]] as well as some other territories , but continued on through hungary in pursuit of withdrawing german forces . in [[ may ]] 1945 , | nov | nla | met with allied forces outside former yugoslav borders , after taking over also [[ trieste ]] and parts of [[ austria | austrian ]] southern provinces [[ styria ]] and [[ | |
| 14 | and [[ carinthia ]] . this was the territory populated predominantly by [[ slovenians | slovenes ]] ( and [[ croats ]] in [[ istria ]] ) . however , the | nov | nla | withdrew from trieste in [[ june ]] of the same year . westerner attempts to reunite the partisans , who denied supremacy of the old government of the [[ kingdom of | |
| 193591885 | 0 | provinces [[ styria ]] and [[ carinthia ( state ) | carinthia ]] . this was territory populated predominantly by [[ italians ]] and [[ slovenes ]] . however , the | nla | nov | withdrew from trieste in june of the same year . western attempts to reunite the partisans , who denied supremacy of the old government of the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] |
| left_string | del_string | ins_string | right_string | ||
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| 42217788 | 0 | ' ' ' ( ' ' jugoslavija ' ' in all [[ south slavic languages ]] , in [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] and [[ serbian language | serbian ]] | [[ | cyrillic ' ' југославија ' ' ) is a term used for three separate but successive political entities that existed during most of the 20th century on the [[ balkan peninsula | |
| 92027256 | 0 | . the precise borders varied over the years . ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( ' ' jugoslavija ' ' in [[ south slavic languages ]] , slovenian | language | slovenian ]] | , croatian , bosnian , ' ' југославија ' ' ( [[ serbian language | serbian ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] [[ cyrillic ]] ) : " land | |
| 2 | precise borders varied over the years . ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( ' ' jugoslavija ' ' in [[ south slavic languages ]] , slovenian , croatian | language | croatian ]] | , bosnian , ' ' југославија ' ' ( [[ serbian language | serbian ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] [[ cyrillic ]] ) : " land of the | ||
| 92498255 | 6 | croatian ]] , [[ bosnian language | bosnian ]] , or ' ' југославија ' ' in ( [[ serbian language | serbian ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] | [[ cyrillic ]] ) | : " land of the [[ south slavs ]] " ) describes four political entities that existed one at a time on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during | |
| 115469794 | 1 | slovenia ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] and [[ kosovo ]] ) . now , separate standards exist for [[ bosnian language ]] , [[ croatian language ]] | , [[ serbian language ]] | and the [[ montenegrin language ]] . many mixed marriages exist . the first - generation children of such marriages have difficulty with ethnic identification . this gave rise to the | |
| 192073726 | 23 | ' ' ( ' ' jugoslavija ' ' in the [[ gaj ' s latin alphabet | latin alphabet ]] , ' ' југославија ' ' in [[ cyrillic alphabet | | cyrillic ]] ; [[ english language | english ]] : | [[ south slavia ]] , or literally ' ' the land of [[ south slavs ]] ' ' ) describes three political entities that existed successively on the [[ balkan peninsula | |
| 203556024 | 8 | ) to form " kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes " ( serbian : краљевина срба , хрвата и словенаца ; croatian : kraljevina srba , hrvata i slovenaca ; | država slovencev , hrvatov in srbov [[ macedonian ]] : кралство на србите , хрватите и словенците | : kraljevina srba , hrvata i slovenaca ; slovene : kraljevina srbov , hrvatov in slovencev ) . the country was re - named on 3 october 1929 and henceforth it | |
| 9 | form " kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes " ( serbian : краљевина срба , хрвата и словенаца ; croatian : kraljevina srba , hrvata i slovenaca ; slovene : | slovene | slovene : kraljevina srbov , hrvatov in slovencev ) . the country was re - named on 3 october 1929 and henceforth it would be called " kingdom of yugoslavia " | ||
| 19 | kingdom of serbia " ( serbian : краљевина србија ) to form " kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes " ( serbian : краљевина срба , хрвата и словенаца ; | croatian | : kraljevina srba , hrvata i slovenaca ; slovene : kraljevina srbov , hrvatov in slovencev ) . the country was re - named on 3 october 1929 and henceforth it | ||
| 203556910 | 3 | it joined together with the " kingdom of serbia " ( serbian : краљевина србија ) to form " kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes " ( serbian : краљевина | срба | словенаца | , хрвата и словенаца ; croatian : kraljevina srba , hrvata i slovenaca ; slovene : kraljevina srbov , hrvatov in slovencev ) . the country was re - named on |
| 6 | " ( serbian : краљевина србија ) to form " kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes " ( serbian : краљевина срба , хрвата и словенаца ; croatian : kraljevina | srba , hrvata i slovenaca ; slovene : kraljevina srbov | slovencev | , hrvatov in slovencev ) . the country was re - named on 3 october 1929 and henceforth it would be called " kingdom of yugoslavia " ( serbo - croatian | |
| 206751541 | 1 | socialist [[ autonomous province ]] within serbia along with [[ vojvodina ]] . the first country was called " country of slovenes , croats and serbs " ( [[ serbo - | croatian ]] : | sh | ' ' | država slovenaca , hrvata i srba / држава словенаца , хрвата и срба ; [[ slovene ]] : država slovencev , hrvatov in srbov [[ macedonian ]] : кралство на србите |
| 3 | called " country of slovenes , croats and serbs " ( [[ serbo - croatian ]] : država slovenaca , hrvata i srba / држава словенаца , хрвата и срба ; | [[ slovene ]] : | {{ lang - sl | ' ' | država slovencev , hrvatov in srbov [[ macedonian ]] : кралство на србите , хрватите и словенците ) . the country was established on 29 october 1918 . it lasted only | |
| 11 | form " kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes " ( [[ serbo - croatian ]] : kraljevina slovenaca , hrvata i srba / краљевина словенаца , хрвата и срба ; | [[ slovene ]] : | slovene : {{ lang | sl | | kraljevina slovencev , hrvatov in srbov [[ macedonian ]] : кралство на србите , хрватите и словенците ) . the country was re - named on 3 october 1929 and henceforth | |
| 220496653 | 0 | - croatian ]] ( [[ gaj ' s latin alphabet | latin alphabet ]] ) and [[ slovene language | slovenian ]] ; " југославија " in [[ serbian language | | serbo - croatian | serbian | ]] ( [[ serbian cyrillic alphabet | cyrillic alphabet ]] ) and [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] ; [[ english language | english ]] : " south slavia " , |
| 231803887 | 0 | . the precise borders varied over the years ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( " jugoslavija " in [[ serbo - croatian language | serbo - croatian ]] | ( | , | [[ gaj ' s latin alphabet | latin alphabet ]] ) and [[ slovene language | slovenian ]] ; " југославија " in [[ serbian language | serbian ]] ( [[ |
| 5 | " in [[ serbo - croatian language | serbo - croatian ]] ( [[ gaj ' s latin alphabet | latin alphabet ]] ) and [[ slovene language | slovenian ]] | , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' | ; " југославија " in [[ serbian language | serbian ]] ( [[ serbian cyrillic alphabet | cyrillic alphabet ]] ) and in [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] ; [[ | ||
| 6 | alphabet | latin alphabet ]] ) and [[ slovene language | slovenian ]] ; " југославија " in [[ serbian language | serbian ]] ( [[ serbian cyrillic alphabet | cyrillic | alphabet | script | ]] ) and in [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] ; [[ english language | english ]] : " south slavia " , or literally ' ' the land of [[ | |
| 236693431 | 1 | dominated ( [[ slovenia ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] ) . now , separate sociolinguistic standards exist for [[ bosnian language ]] , [[ croatian language ]] | , [[ montenegrin language | montenegrin ]] | and the [[ serbian language ]] . sfry technically had three official languages , along with minority languages official where minorities lived , but in all federal organs only serbo - | |
| 236696489 | 0 | [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] ) . now , separate sociolinguistic standards exist for [[ bosnian language ]] , [[ croatian language ]] , [[ montenegrin language | montenegrin | language | ]] and the [[ serbian language ]] . sfry technically had three official languages , along with minority languages official where minorities lived , but in all federal organs only serbo | |
| 238525009 | 0 | dominated ( [[ slovenia ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] ) . now , separate sociolinguistic standards exist for [[ bosnian language ]] , [[ croatian language ]] | , [[ montenegrin language | montenegrin language ]] | and the [[ serbian language ]] . sfry technically had three official languages , along with minority languages official where minorities lived , but in all federal organs only serbo - | |
| 239298367 | 0 | dominated ( [[ slovenia ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] ) . now , separate sociolinguistic standards exist for [[ bosnian language ]] , [[ croatian language ]] | , [[ montenegrin language | montenegrin language ]] | and the [[ serbian language ]] . sfry technically had three official languages , along with minority languages official where minorities lived , but in all federal organs only serbo - | |
| 239298782 | 0 | - croatian ]] , [[ croatian language | croatian ]] , [[ serbian language | serbian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] | , [[ montenegrin language | montenegrin ]] | : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' ; [[ serbian cyrillic alphabet | cyrillic script ]] : југославија ; literally in [[ english language | english ]] : " south slavia " | |
| 239315045 | 0 | - croatian ]] , [[ croatian language | croatian ]] , [[ serbian language | serbian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] | , [[ montenegrin language | montenegrin ]] | : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' ; [[ serbian cyrillic alphabet | cyrillic script ]] : југославија ; literally in [[ english language | english ]] : " south slavia " | |
| 1 | dominated ( [[ slovenia ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] ) . now , separate sociolinguistic standards exist for [[ bosnian language ]] , [[ croatian language ]] | , [[ montenegrin language | montenegrin language ]] | and the [[ serbian language ]] . sfry technically had three official languages , along with minority languages official where minorities lived , but in all federal organs only serbo - | ||
| 240043002 | 0 | - croatian ]] , [[ croatian language | croatian ]] , [[ serbian language | serbian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] , [[ montenegrin language | montenegrin ]] | {{ fact }} | , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' ; [[ serbian cyrillic alphabet | cyrillic script ]] : југославија ; literally in [[ english language | | |
| 241485481 | 4 | republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] ) . now , separate sociolinguistic standards exist for [[ bosnian language ]] , [[ montenegrin language | montenegrin ]] , [[ croatian language ]] | , [[ montenegrin language | montenegrin language ]] | and the [[ serbian language ]] . sfry technically had three official languages , along with minority languages official where minorities lived , but in all federal organs only serbo - | |
| 251643059 | 0 | as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ bosnian language | bosnian ]] , [[ croatian language | croatian | ]] , [[ albanian | ]] , [[ serbian language | serbian ]] , [[ montenegrin language | montenegrin ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] : ' | |
| 251643221 | 0 | as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ bosnian language | bosnian ]] , [[ croatian language | croatian | ]] , [[ albanian | ]] , [[ serbian language | serbian ]] , [[ montenegrin language | montenegrin ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] : ' | |
| 257715930 | 0 | croatian language | serbo - croatian ]] , [[ bosnian language | bosnian ]] , [[ croatian language | croatian ]] , [[ serbian language | serbian ]] , [[ albanian | language albanian | ]] , [[ montenegrin language | montenegrin ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' ; [[ serbian | |
| 259239279 | 0 | political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ serbo - croatian language | serbo - croatian | ]] , [[ albanian | ]] , [[ bosnian language | bosnian ]] , [[ croatian language | croatian ]] , [[ serbian language | serbian ]] , [[ montenegrin language | montenegrin ]] , [[ | |
| 259240632 | 1 | political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ serbo - croatian language | serbo - croatian | ]] , [[ albanian | ]] , [[ bosnian language | bosnian ]] , [[ croatian language | croatian ]] , [[ serbian language | serbian ]] , [[ montenegrin language | montenegrin ]] , [[ | |
| 275946928 | 1 | croatian language | croatian ]] , [[ serbian language | serbian ]] , [[ montenegrin language | montenegrin ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] , [[ macedonian language | | macedonian | fyromian | ]] : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' ; [[ serbian cyrillic alphabet | cyrillic script ]] : југославија ; literally in english : " south slavia " or " land of |
| 276014383 | 1 | croatian language | croatian ]] , [[ serbian language | serbian ]] , [[ montenegrin language | montenegrin ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] , [[ macedonian language | | macedonian | fyromian | ]] : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' ; [[ serbian cyrillic alphabet | cyrillic script ]] : југославија ; literally in english : " south slavia " or " land of |
| 276822089 | 0 | entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ serbo - croatian language | serbo - croatian ]] | , [[ bosnian language | bosnian ]] , [[ croatian language | croatian ]] , [[ serbian language | serbian ]] , [[ montenegrin language | montenegrin ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] | : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' ; [[ serbian cyrillic alphabet | cyrillic script ]] : југославија ; literally in english : " south slavia " or " land of [[ | |
| 276822967 | 0 | entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ serbo - croatian language | serbo - croatian ]] | , [[ bosnian language | bosnian ]] , [[ croatian language | croatian ]] , [[ serbian language | serbian ]] , [[ montenegrin language | montenegrin ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] | : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' ; [[ serbian cyrillic alphabet | cyrillic script ]] : југославија ; literally in english : " south slavia " or " land of [[ | |
| 281117483 | 4 | imposed means of communication used where other languages dominated ( [[ slovenia ]] , [[ republic of macedonia ]] ) . now , separate sociolinguistic standards exist for [[ bosnian language | | bosnian | ]] , [[ croatian language ]] , [[ montenegrin language ]] and the [[ serbian language ]] . sfry technically had three official languages , along with minority languages official where | |
| 5 | where other languages dominated ( [[ slovenia ]] , [[ republic of macedonia ]] ) . now , separate sociolinguistic standards exist for [[ bosnian language ]] , [[ croatian language | | croatian | ]] , [[ montenegrin language ]] and the [[ serbian language ]] . sfry technically had three official languages , along with minority languages official where minorities lived , but in | ||
| 6 | [[ slovenia ]] , [[ republic of macedonia ]] ) . now , separate sociolinguistic standards exist for [[ bosnian language ]] , [[ croatian language ]] , [[ montenegrin language | | montenegrin | ]] and the [[ serbian language ]] . sfry technically had three official languages , along with minority languages official where minorities lived , but in all federal organs only serbo | ||
| 7 | of macedonia ]] ) . now , separate sociolinguistic standards exist for [[ bosnian language ]] , [[ croatian language ]] , [[ montenegrin language ]] and the [[ serbian language | | serbian | ]] . sfry technically had three official languages , along with minority languages official where minorities lived , but in all federal organs only serbo - croatian was used and others | ||
| 8 | macedonia ]] ) . now , separate sociolinguistic standards exist for [[ bosnian language ]] , [[ croatian language ]] , [[ montenegrin language ]] and the [[ serbian language ]] | languages | . sfry technically had three official languages , along with minority languages official where minorities lived , but in all federal organs only serbo - croatian was used and others were | ||
| 281117873 | 0 | [[ socialist republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] ) . now , separate sociolinguistic standards exist for the [[ bosnian language | bosnian ]] , [[ croatian language | croatian ]] | , [[ montenegrin language | montenegrin ]] | and [[ serbian language | serbian ]] languages . the sfry technically had three official languages , along with minority languages official where minorities lived , but in all federal organs | |
| 284695040 | 2 | the precise borders varied over the years ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ serbo - croatian language | serbo - croatian ]] , [[ bosnian language | | bosnian | macedonian | ]] , [[ croatian language | croatian ]] , [[ serbian language | serbian ]] , [[ montenegrin language | montenegrin ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] , [[ |
| 4 | ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ serbo - croatian language | serbo - croatian ]] , [[ bosnian language | bosnian ]] , [[ croatian language | | croatian | montenegrin | ]] , [[ serbian language | serbian ]] , [[ montenegrin language | montenegrin ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] : ' | |
| 5 | - croatian language | serbo - croatian ]] , [[ bosnian language | bosnian ]] , [[ croatian language | croatian ]] , [[ serbian language | serbian ]] , [[ | montenegrin language | serbo - croatian | | montenegrin ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' ; [[ serbian cyrillic alphabet | cyrillic script | |
| 6 | | serbo - croatian ]] , [[ bosnian language | bosnian ]] , [[ croatian language | croatian ]] , [[ serbian language | serbian ]] , [[ montenegrin language | | montenegrin | serbo - croatian or croato - serbian | ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' ; [[ serbian cyrillic alphabet | cyrillic script ]] : | |
| 70 | location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ serbo - croatian language | | serbo - | croatian ]] , [[ bosnian language | bosnian ]] , [[ croatian language | croatian ]] , [[ serbian language | serbian ]] , [[ montenegrin language | montenegrin ]] , | ||
| 71 | language | bosnian ]] , [[ croatian language | croatian ]] , [[ serbian language | serbian ]] , [[ montenegrin language | montenegrin ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene | ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian | ]] : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' ; [[ serbian cyrillic alphabet | cyrillic script ]] : југославија ; literally in english : " south slavia " or " land of | ||
| 290007373 | 0 | as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ bosnian language | bosnian ]] , [[ croatian language | croatian | ]] , [[ croato - serbian language | croato - serbian | ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] , [[ montenegrin language | montenegrin ]] , [[ serbian language | serbian ]] , [[ serbo - croatian | serbo - croatian | |
| 1 | ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] , [[ montenegrin language | montenegrin ]] , [[ serbian language | serbian ]] , [[ serbo - croatian | serbo - croatian | or croato - serbian | ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' ; [[ serbian cyrillic alphabet | cyrillic script ]] : југославија ; literally in english : " | ||
| 290836160 | 0 | as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ bosnian language | bosnian ]] , [[ croatian language | croatian | ]] , [[ croato - serbian language | croato - serbian | ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] , [[ montenegrin language | montenegrin ]] , [[ serbian language | serbian ]] , [[ serbo - croatian | serbo - croatian | |
| 290849084 | 0 | as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ bosnian language | bosnian ]] , [[ croatian language | croatian | ]] , [[ croato - serbian language | croato - serbian | ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] , [[ montenegrin language | montenegrin ]] , [[ serbian language | serbian ]] , [[ serbo - croatian | serbo - croatian | |
| 290903431 | 0 | as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ bosnian language | bosnian ]] , [[ croatian language | croatian | ]] , [[ croato - serbian language | croato - serbian | ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] , [[ montenegrin language | montenegrin ]] , [[ serbian language | serbian ]] , [[ serbo - croatian | serbo - croatian | |
| 292035709 | 3 | as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ bosnian language | bosnian ]] , [[ croatian language | croatian | ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian | ]] , [[ montenegrin language | montenegrin ]] , [[ serbian language | serbian ]] , [[ serbo - croatian | serbo - croatian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene | |
| 292754074 | 1 | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia }} ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ bosnian language | bosnian ]] , [[ croatian language | croatian | ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian | ]] , [[ montenegrin language | montenegrin ]] , [[ serbian language | serbian ]] , [[ serbo - croatian | serbo - croatian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene | |
| 294154648 | 0 | federal republic of yugoslavia }} ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ bosnian language | bosnian ]] , [[ croatian language | croatian ]] , [[ macedonian language | | macedonian | slavomacedonian | ]] , [[ montenegrin language | montenegrin ]] , [[ serbian language | serbian ]] , [[ serbo - croatian | serbo - croatian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene |
| 294225092 | 1 | federal republic of yugoslavia }} ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ bosnian language | bosnian ]] , [[ croatian language | croatian ]] , [[ slavomacedonian language | | slavomacedonian | macedonian | ]] , [[ montenegrin language | montenegrin ]] , [[ serbian language | serbian ]] , [[ serbo - croatian | serbo - croatian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene |
| 300372166 | 0 | political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years . ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ serbo - croatian | serbo - croatian | ]] , [[ albanian language | albanian | ]] , [[ bosnian language | bosnian ]] , [[ croatian language | croatian ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] , [[ serbian language | serbian ]] , [[ | |
| 302398403 | 5 | political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years . ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ serbo - croatian | serbo - croatian | ]] , [[ albanian language | albanian | ]] , [[ bosnian language | bosnian ]] , [[ croatian language | croatian ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] , [[ montenegrin language | montenegrin ]] , [[ | |
| 304658168 | 0 | political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years . ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ serbo - croatian | serbo - croatian | ]] , [[ albanian language | albanian | ]] , [[ bosnian language | bosnian ]] , [[ croatian language | croatian ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] , [[ montenegrin language | montenegrin ]] , [[ | |
| 305203625 | 2 | political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years . ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ serbo - croatian | serbo - croatian | ]] , [[ albanian language | albanian | ]] , [[ bosnian language | bosnian ]] , [[ croatian language | croatian ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] , [[ montenegrin language | montenegrin ]] , [[ | |
| 325211534 | 1 | ( [[ serbo - croatian language | serbo - croatian ]] , [[ bosnian language | bosnian ]] , [[ croatian language | croatian ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian | ]] , [[ montenegrin language | montenegrin ]] , [[ serbian language | serbian | ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' ; [[ serbian cyrillic alphabet | cyrillic script ]] : југославија ; literally in english : " | |
| 325617238 | 1 | of the political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years . ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ serbo - croatian language | | serbo - croatian | serbian | ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' ; [[ serbian cyrillic alphabet | cyrillic script ]] : |
| 325697061 | 1 | general location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years . ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ serbian language | | serbian | serbo - croatian | ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' ; [[ serbian cyrillic alphabet | cyrillic script ]] : |
| 326830784 | 1 | of the political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years . ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ serbo - croatian language | | serbo - | croatian ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' ; [[ serbian cyrillic alphabet | cyrillic script ]] | |
| 337480691 | 1 | language | serbian ]] , [[ croatian language | croatian ]] , [[ bosnian language | bosnian ]] , [[ montenegrin _ language | montenegrin ]] , [[ macedonian language | | macedonian | skopje | ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' ; [[ serbian cyrillic alphabet | cyrillic script ]] : југославија ; literally in english : " |
| 337480914 | 1 | language | serbian ]] , [[ croatian language | croatian ]] , [[ bosnian language | bosnian ]] , [[ montenegrin _ language | montenegrin ]] , [[ skopje language | | skopje | macedonian | ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' ; [[ serbian cyrillic alphabet | cyrillic script ]] : југославија ; literally in english : " |
| 346818646 | 1 | serbian language | serbian ]] , [[ croatian language | croatian ]] , [[ bosnian language | bosnian ]] , [[ montenegrin language | montenegrin ]] , [[ macedonian language | | macedonian ]] | slavic ] | , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' ; [[ serbian cyrillic alphabet | cyrillic script ]] : југославија ; literally in english : " south |
| 346818728 | 1 | serbian language | serbian ]] , [[ croatian language | croatian ]] , [[ bosnian language | bosnian ]] , [[ montenegrin language | montenegrin ]] , [[ fyrom language | | slavic ] | macedonian ]] | , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' ; [[ serbian cyrillic alphabet | cyrillic script ]] : југославија ; literally in english : " south |
| 346898017 | 1 | as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years . ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ serbian language | serbian ]] , [[ croatian language | | serbo - | croatian ]] , [[ bosnian language | bosnian ]] , [[ montenegrin language | montenegrin ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] : | |
| 379459406 | 0 | entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years . ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ serbo - croatian language | serbo - croatian | ]] , [[ serbian language | serbian | ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' ; [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] , [[ serbian cyrillic ]] : југославија ) is a | |
| 2 | of the political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years . ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ serbo - croatian language | | serbo - | croatian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' ; [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] , [[ serbian cyrillic ]] : југославија ) is | ||
| 379540202 | 1 | general location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years . ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ croatian language | | serbo - | croatian ]] , [[ serbian language | serbian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' ; [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] , [[ | |
| 2 | location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years . ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ croatian language | croatian | ]] , [[ serbian language | serbian | ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' ; [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] , [[ serbian cyrillic ]] : југославија ) is a | ||
| 379540364 | 0 | entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years . ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ serbo - croatian language | serbo - croatian | ]] , [[ serbian language | serbian | ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' ; [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] , [[ serbian cyrillic ]] : југославија ) is a | |
| 2 | of the political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years . ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ serbo - croatian language | | serbo - | croatian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' ; [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] , [[ serbian cyrillic ]] : југославија ) is | ||
| 434980785 | 0 | location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years . ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ macedonian language | macedonian | ]] , [[ bosnian language | bosnian | ]] , [[ croatian language | croatian ]] , [[ serbian language | serbian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' ; [[ serbian | |
| 436091877 | 10 | location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years . ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ macedonian language | macedonian | ]] , [[ bosnian language | bosnian | ]] , [[ croatian language | croatian ]] , [[ serbian language | serbian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' ; [[ serbian | |
| 447905744 | 0 | ' ' ( [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] , [[ croatian language | croatian ]] , [[ serbian language | serbian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] : | ( [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] , [[ serbian language | serbian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] : | ' ' jugoslavija ' ' ; [[ serbian cyrillic | cyrillic ]] : југославија ) refers to three political entities that existed successively on the western part of the [[ balkans | |
| 447906021 | 0 | ' ' ( [[ croatian language | croatian ]] , [[ serbian language | serbian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] : [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] , | [[ serbian language | serbian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] | : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' ; [[ serbian cyrillic | cyrillic ]] : југославија ) refers to three political entities that existed successively on the western part of the [[ | |
| 447906527 | 0 | ' ' ' ( [[ croatian language | croatian ]] , [[ serbian language | serbian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] | , | : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' ; [[ serbian cyrillic | cyrillic ]] : југославија ) refers to three political entities that existed successively on the western part of the [[ | |
| 495585894 | 3 | general location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years . ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ croatian language | | croatian ]] , [[ serbian language | serbian | macedonian | ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' ; [[ serbian cyrillic | cyrillic ]] : југославија ) |
| 19 | years . ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ croatian language | croatian ]] , [[ serbian language | serbian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] | , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] | : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' ; [[ serbian cyrillic | cyrillic ]] : југославија ) was a country in the western part of the [[ balkans ]] during most of | ||
| 495666744 | 4 | location of yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years . ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ serbo - croatian ]] , [[ macedonian language | | macedonian | croatian ]] , [[ serbian language | serbian | ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' , југославија ) was a country in the western part of the [[ balkans ]] during most |
| 5 | the years . ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ serbo - croatian ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] | , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] | : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' , југославија ) was a country in the western part of the [[ balkans ]] during most of the [[ 20th century ]] . the | ||
| 495668696 | 5 | general location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years . ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ croatian language | | croatian ]] , [[ serbian language | serbian | macedonian | ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' ; [[ serbian cyrillic | cyrillic ]] : југославија ) |
| 23 | years . ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ croatian language | croatian ]] , [[ serbian language | serbian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] | , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] | : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' ; [[ serbian cyrillic | cyrillic ]] : југославија ) was a country in the western part of the [[ balkans ]] during most of | ||
| 563182630 | 0 | [[ socialist republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] ) . now , separate sociolinguistic standards exist for the [[ bosnian language | bosnian ]] , [[ croatian language | croatian ]] | , | and [[ serbian language | serbian ]] languages . remembrance of the time of the joint state and its perceived positive attributes is referred to as [[ yugo - nostalgia ]] | |
| 604841248 | 0 | [[ socialist republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] ) . now , separate sociolinguistic standards exist for the [[ bosnian language | bosnian ]] , [[ croatian language | croatian ]] | , | , [[ montenegrin language | montenegrin ]] | and [[ serbian language | serbian ]] languages . remembrance of the time of the joint state and its perceived positive attributes is referred to as ' ' [[ yugonostalgia ]] |
| 725921112 | 0 | mediterranean ' ' < / ref > in [[ italy ]] . ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ serbo - croatian ]] , [[ macedonian language | | macedonian | croatian | ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' , југославија ) was a country in [[ southeast europe ]] during most of the 20th century |
| 1 | ]] . ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ serbo - croatian ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] : | ' ' jugoslavija ' ' | ' ' jugoslavija ' ' ; [[ serbian language | serbian ]] | , југославија ) was a country in [[ southeast europe ]] during most of the 20th century . it came into existence after [[ world war i ]] in 1918 {{ | |
| 745597316 | 1 | | thumb | right | 300px | general location of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ bosnian language | bosnian ]] , [[ croatian language | | croatian | serbo - croatian | ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' ; [[ serbian language | serbian ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] : југославија ) |
| 2 | of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ bosnian language | bosnian ]] , [[ croatian language | croatian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] | : | : | ' ' jugoslavija ' ' ; [[ serbian language | serbian ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] : југославија ) was a country in [[ southeast europe ]] during | |
| 4 | bosnian language | bosnian ]] , [[ croatian language | croatian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' ; [[ serbian language | serbian | latin | ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] : југославија ) was a country in [[ southeast europe ]] during most of the 20th century . it came into existence after | ||
| 745962753 | 1 | ( [[ serbo - croatian language | serbo - croatian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' ; [[ serbian latin alphabet | serbian | latin | cyrillic | ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] : југославија ) was a country in [[ southeast europe ]] during most of the 20th century . it came into existence after |
| 755859592 | 2 | yugoslavia location map . svg | thumb | right | 300px | general location of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ serbo - croatian language | | serbo | jugoslavija }} / југославија , {{ lang | - croatian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' ; [[ serbian cyrillic alphabet | serbian cyrillic ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian |
| 3 | map . svg | thumb | right | 300px | general location of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ serbo - croatian language | serbo - | croatian ]] | sl | jugoslavija }} | , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' ; [[ serbian cyrillic alphabet | serbian cyrillic ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] : југославија | |
| 6 | | 300px | general location of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ serbo - croatian language | serbo - croatian ]] , [[ slovene language | | slovene ]] : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' ; [[ serbian cyrillic alphabet | serbian cyrillic ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] : | југославија ) was a country in [[ southeast europe ]] during most of the 20th century . it came into existence after [[ world war i ]] in 1918 {{ efn |
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| 85539858 | 14 | falcon : a journey through yugoslavia ' ' . viking , 1941 . * misha glenny : ' ' the fall of yugoslavia : the third balkan war ' ' , | isbn 0 | broth boil and bubble ” : theories about the roots of the yugoslav troubles ’ , ' ' nationalities papers ' ' , vol . 32 , no . 4 , december 2004 , pp . 731 | - 14 - 026101 - x = = legacy = = the present - day countries created from the former parts of yugoslavia are : * [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] |
| 87847188 | 58 | ]] or [[ stane dolanc ]] , were more important than the prime minister . the suppression of national identities escalated with the so - called [[ croatian spring ]] of | [[ | 1970 ]] - [[ 1971 ]] , when students in [[ zagreb ]] organized demonstrations for greater civil liberties and greater [[ croatia ]] n autonomy . the regime stifled the | |
| 59 | [[ stane dolanc ]] , were more important than the prime minister . the suppression of national identities escalated with the so - called [[ croatian spring ]] of [[ 1970 | ]] | - [[ 1971 ]] , when students in [[ zagreb ]] organized demonstrations for greater civil liberties and greater [[ croatia ]] n autonomy . the regime stifled the public protest | ||
| 70 | of yugoslavia was the result of both internal and external factors . assigning comparative weight to the external as against the internal factors in the generalised crisis that shook yugoslavia in | [[ | 1990 ]] - [[ 1991 ]] is definitely a very simple matter . without understanding the roles of the western powers in helping to produce and channel the crisis , it | ||
| 247526296 | 29 | {{ cite web | url = http : / / www . nato . int / ifor / un / u911127a . htm | title = resolution 721 | date = | [[ | 1991 - 09 - 25 ]] | work = n . a . t . o . | accessdate = 2006 - 07 - 21 }} < / ref > in | |
| 257731379 | 5 | see below ) * november 1995 , peace signed in dayton by leaders of yugoslavia , bosnia and herzegovina and croatia * [[ agreement on sub - regional arms control ]] | is signed , limiting the military equipment of fr yugoslavia , bosnia and herzegovina and croatia | * 1996 - 1999 , clashes between yugoslav army and [[ kosovo liberation army | kla ]] * march 24 - june 10 , 1999 , nato bombing of fr yugoslavia | |
| 259240376 | 2 | of croatia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ image : coat of arms of croatia . svg | 40px ]] < | center > | | - | [[ republic of macedonia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ skopje ]] | < center > [[ image : | |
| 259242171 | 0 | . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ image : coat of arms of croatia . svg | 40px ]] < center > | | [[ republic of kosovo ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ prishtina ]] | < center > [[ image : flag of kosovo . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ image : coat of arms of kosovo . svg | 40px ]] < center > | | - | [[ republic of macedonia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ skopje ]] | < center > [[ image : | |
| 259242478 | 0 | . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ image : coat of arms of croatia . svg | 40px ]] < center > | | [[ republic of kosovo ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ prishtina ]] | < center > [[ image : flag of kosovo . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ image : coat of arms of kosovo . svg | 40px ]] < center > | | - | [[ republic of macedonia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ skopje ]] | < center > [[ image : | |
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| 323187437 | 0 | . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of croatia . svg | 40px ]] < center > | | - | ' ' [[ kosovo ]] ' ' < ref > {{ kosovo - note }} < / ref > | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | ' ' [[ pristina ]] ' ' | < center > [[ file : flag of kosovo . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of kosovo . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | | - | [[ macedonia ( country ) | macedonia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ skopje ]] | < center > | |
| 324821063 | 0 | . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of croatia . svg | 40px ]] < center > | | - | ' ' [[ kosovo ]] ' ' < ref > {{ kosovo - note }} < / ref > | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | ' ' [[ pristina ]] ' ' | < center > [[ file : flag of kosovo . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of kosovo . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | | - | [[ macedonia ( country ) | macedonia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ skopje ]] | < center > | |
| 324830770 | 0 | . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of croatia . svg | 40px ]] < center > | | - | ' ' [[ kosovo ]] ' ' < ref > {{ kosovo - note }} < / ref > | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | ' ' [[ pristina ]] ' ' | < center > [[ file : flag of kosovo . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of kosovo . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | | - | [[ macedonia ( country ) | macedonia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ skopje ]] | < center > | |
| 328654912 | 0 | . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of croatia . svg | 40px ]] < center > | | - | ' ' [[ kosovo ]] ' ' < ref > {{ kosovo - note }} < / ref > | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | ' ' [[ pristina ]] ' ' | < center > [[ file : flag of kosovo . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of kosovo . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | | - | [[ macedonia ( country ) | macedonia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ skopje ]] | < center > | |
| 328655241 | 0 | . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of croatia . svg | 40px ]] < center > | | - | ' ' [[ kosovo ]] ' ' < ref > {{ kosovo - note }} < / ref > | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | ' ' [[ pristina ]] ' ' | < center > [[ file : flag of kosovo . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of kosovo . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | | - | [[ macedonia ( country ) | macedonia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ skopje ]] | < center > | |
| 336356271 | 0 | . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of croatia . svg | 40px ]] < center > | | - | [[ kosovo ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ pristina ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of kosovo . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of kosovo . svg | 40px ]] < center > | | - | [[ macedonia ( country ) | macedonia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ skopje ]] | < center > | |
| 336661834 | 0 | . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of croatia . svg | 40px ]] < center > | | - | [[ kosovo ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ pristina ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of kosovo . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of kosovo . svg | 40px ]] < center > | | - | [[ macedonia ( country ) | macedonia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ skopje ]] | < center > | |
| 336664421 | 0 | . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of croatia . svg | 40px ]] < center > | | - | [[ kosovo ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ pristina ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of kosovo . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of kosovo . svg | 40px ]] < center > | | - | [[ macedonia ( country ) | macedonia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ skopje ]] | < center > | |
| 337480691 | 10 | size : 90 % ; " | [[ skopje ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of macedonia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of the republic of macedonia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | | - | [[ montenegro ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ podgorica ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of | |
| 337480914 | 9 | size : 90 % ; " | [[ skopje ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of macedonia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of the republic of macedonia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | | - | [[ montenegro ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ podgorica ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of | |
| 339580101 | 0 | . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of croatia . svg | 40px ]] < center > | | - | [[ kosovo ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ pristina ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of kosovo . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of kosovo . svg | 40px ]] < center > | | - | [[ macedonia ( country ) | macedonia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ skopje ]] | < center > | |
| 339725475 | 0 | . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of croatia . svg | 40px ]] < center > | | - | ' ' [[ kosovo ]] ' ' < ref > {{ kosovo - note }} < / ref > | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | ' ' [[ pristina ]] ' ' | < center > [[ file : flag of kosovo . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of kosovo . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | | - | [[ macedonia ( country ) | macedonia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ skopje ]] | < center > | |
| 340406380 | 0 | . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of croatia . svg | 40px ]] < center > | | - | ' ' [[ kosovo ]] ' ' < ref > {{ kosovo - note }} < / ref > | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | ' ' [[ pristina ]] ' ' | < center > [[ file : flag of kosovo . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of kosovo . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | | - | [[ macedonia ( country ) | macedonia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ skopje ]] | < center > | |
| 340406644 | 0 | . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of croatia . svg | 40px ]] < center > | | - | ' ' [[ kosovo ]] ' ' < ref > {{ kosovo - note }} < / ref > | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | ' ' [[ pristina ]] ' ' | < center > [[ file : flag of kosovo . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of kosovo . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | | - | [[ macedonia ( country ) | macedonia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ skopje ]] | < center > | |
| 340406837 | 0 | . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of croatia . svg | 40px ]] < center > | | - | ' ' [[ kosovo ]] ' ' < ref > {{ kosovo - note }} < / ref > | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | ' ' [[ pristina ]] ' ' | < center > [[ file : flag of kosovo . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of kosovo . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | | - | [[ macedonia ( country ) | macedonia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ skopje ]] | < center > | |
| 340418355 | 0 | . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of croatia . svg | 40px ]] < center > | | - | ' ' [[ kosovo ]] ' ' < ref > {{ kosovo - note }} < / ref > | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | ' ' [[ pristina ]] ' ' | < center > [[ file : flag of kosovo . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of kosovo . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | | - | [[ macedonia ( country ) | macedonia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ skopje ]] | < center > | |
| 343714607 | 0 | svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of slovenia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | | - | [[ kosovo ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ prishtina ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of kosovo . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of kosovo . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | | - | } the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , which applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004 . croatia | |
| 349729357 | 0 | | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of croatia . svg | 40px ]] < center > | - style = " background : # efefef ; " | | [[ kosovo ]] < ref name = " kosovo " / > | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ pristina ]] < ref name = " kosovo " / > | < center > [[ file : flag of kosovo . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of kosovo . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | | - | [[ macedonia ( country ) | macedonia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ skopje ]] | < center > | |
| 349729437 | 0 | | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of croatia . svg | 40px ]] < center > | - style = " background : # efefef ; " | | [[ kosovo ]] < ref name = " kosovo " / > | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ pristina ]] < ref name = " kosovo " / > | < center > [[ file : flag of kosovo . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of kosovo . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | | - | [[ macedonia ( country ) | macedonia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ skopje ]] | < center > | |
| 375032646 | 4 | center > [[ file : coat of arms of croatia . svg | 40px ]] < center > | - style = " background : # efefef ; " | [[ | kosovo ]] < ref name = " kosovo " / > | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ pristina ]] < ref name = " kosovo " / > | < center > [[ file : flag of kosovo . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of kosovo . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | | - | [[ macedonia ( country ) | macedonia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ skopje ]] | < center > | |
| 383421016 | 0 | | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of the republic of macedonia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | | - | [[ serbia ]] | | - | [[ serbia and montenegro ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ belgrade ]] | < center > [[ file : | |
| 387033766 | 0 | svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of slovenia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | | - | [[ kosovo ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ pristina ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of kosovo . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | | - | } the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , which applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004 . croatia | |
| 387034056 | 1 | size : 90 % ; " | [[ pristina ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of kosovo . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of kosovo . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | | - | } the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , which applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004 . croatia | |
| 400599300 | 54 | > ' ' ' [[ capital city | capital ]] ' ' ' < / center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' [[ flag ]] ' ' ' | < / center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' [[ coat of arms ]] ' ' ' < / center > | | - | [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] | style = " width : 7em ; font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ sarajevo ]] | style = | |
| 55 | ]] | style = " width : 6em ; " | < center > [[ file : flag of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | 70px ]] < / center > | | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | | - | [[ croatia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ zagreb ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of | ||
| 56 | size : 90 % ; " | [[ zagreb ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of croatia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of croatia . svg | 40px ]] < center > | | - | [[ kosovo ]] {{ ref label | status | a | } } | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ pristina | ||
| 57 | size : 90 % ; " | [[ pristina ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of kosovo . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of kosovo . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | | - | [[ macedonia ( country ) | macedonia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ skopje ]] | < center > | ||
| 58 | size : 90 % ; " | [[ skopje ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of macedonia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of the republic of macedonia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | | - | [[ montenegro ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ podgorica ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of | ||
| 59 | size : 90 % ; " | [[ podgorica ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of montenegro . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of montenegro . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | | - | [[ serbia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ belgrade ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of | ||
| 60 | size : 90 % ; " | [[ belgrade ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of serbia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of serbia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | | - | [[ slovenia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ ljubljana ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of | ||
| 439457771 | 10 | = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ pristina ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of kosovo . svg | 70px | border ]] | < / center > | | - | [[ macedonia ( country ) | macedonia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ skopje ]] | < center > | |
| 441313646 | 28 | {{ cite web | url = http : / / www . nato . int / ifor / un / u911127a . htm | title = resolution 721 | date = | 25 september | 1991 - 09 - 25 | work = n . a . t . o . | accessdate = 2006 - 07 - 21 }} < / ref > in [[ | |
| 39 | article / worldnews / idustre49780c20081008 | title = u . n . backs serbia in judicial move on kosovo & # 124 ; international | publisher = reuters | date = | 8 october | 2008 - 10 - 08 | accessdate = 2009 - 07 - 20 }} < / ref > on 22 july 2010 , the court ruled that kosovo ' s independence | ||
| 41 | / / www . bbc . co . uk / news / world - europe - 10730573 | title = kosovo independence not illegal , says un court | date = | 22 july | 2010 - 07 - 22 | publisher = bbc news | accessdate = 2010 - 07 - 23 }} < / ref > = = = remaining cultural and ethnic ties | ||
| 466554200 | 3 | ]] | style = " width : 6em ; " | < center > [[ file : flag of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | 70px ]] < / center > | | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | | - | [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] | style = " width : 7em ; font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ sarajevo ]] | style = | |
| 4 | size : 90 % ; " | [[ zagreb ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of croatia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of croatia . svg | 40px ]] < center > | | - | [[ croatia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ zagreb ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of | ||
| 5 | size : 90 % ; " | [[ skopje ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of macedonia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of the republic of macedonia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | | - | [[ macedonia ( country ) | macedonia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ skopje ]] | < center > | ||
| 6 | | - | [[ montenegro ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ podgorica ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of | serbia and | | - | [[ montenegro ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ podgorica ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of | ||
| 9 | size : 90 % ; " | [[ ljubljana ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of slovenia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of slovenia . svg | 40px ]] | | - | [[ serbia ]] : {{ smaller | [[ kosovo ]] }} {{ ref label | status | a | } } | style = " font - size | ||
| 467907565 | 2 | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | de iure ]] symbols ) , gained [[ un ]] membership 1991 - 2000 : | | - | [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] | style = " width : 7em ; font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ sarajevo ]] | style = | |
| 5 | | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of croatia . svg | 40px ]] < center > | - | republic of | | - | [[ macedonia ( country ) | macedonia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ skopje ]] | < center > | ||
| 467914600 | 6 | flag ]] ' ' ' < / center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' [[ coat of arms ]] ' ' ' < / center > | - | | [[ republic of bosnia and herzegovina ]] | style = " width : 7em ; font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ sarajevo ]] | style = " width : 6em ; " | < center > [[ file : flag of bosnia and herzegovina ( 1992 - 1998 ) . svg | 70px ]] < / center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of bosnia and herzegovina ( 1992 - 1998 ) . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | | - | [[ republic of croatia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ zagreb ]] | < center > [[ file : | |
| 13 | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of slovenia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | } | modern countries , members of the un : { | class = " wikitable " ! < center > ' ' ' [[ list of countries | name ]] ' ' ' < / center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' [[ capital city | capital ]] ' ' ' < / center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' [[ flag ]] ' ' ' < / center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' [[ coat of arms ]] ' ' ' < / center > | | - | [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] | style = " width : 7em ; font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ sarajevo ]] | style = | ||
| 468701811 | 23 | center > [[ file : flag of macedonia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of the | republic of macedonia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | = = = yugosphere = = = | | - | [[ serbia and montenegro ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ belgrade ]] | < center > [[ file : |
| 469728921 | 3 | ; " | [[ skopje ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of the republic of macedonia 1992 - 1995 . svg | 70px ]] < / center > | | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of the republic of macedonia 1991 - 2009 . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of | | - | [[ serbia and montenegro ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ belgrade ]] | < center > [[ file : |
| 7 | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of serbia and montenegro . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | | - | [[ serbia ]] | | - | [[ slovenia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ ljubljana ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of | ||
| 478217075 | 3 | and influence . < ref > {{ cite web | title = former yugoslavia patches itself together : entering the yugosphere | publisher = [[ the economist ]] | date = | 20 august | 2009 - 08 - 20 | url = http : / / www . economist . com / node / 14258861 | accessdate = 2011 - 11 - 11 }} < | |
| 5 | ac . uk / ecclblog / blogentry . aspx ? blogentryref = 7915 | publisher = the university of edinburgh school of law | author = ljubica spaskovska | date = | 28 september | 2009 - 09 - 28 | accessdate = 2011 - 11 - 11 }} < / ref > the similarity of the languages and the long history of common life have | ||
| 484501648 | 0 | . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of croatia . svg | 40px ]] < center > | | - | [[ republic of kosovo | kosovo ]] ( disputed ) < ref > {{ kosovo - note }} < / ref > | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ pristina ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of kosovo . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of kosovo . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | | - | [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ skopje ]] | < center > [[ | |
| 499509992 | 4 | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of serbia and montenegro . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | {{ smaller | < nowiki > * < / nowiki > former [[ | | - | [[ slovenia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ ljubljana ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of | |
| 515298204 | 0 | svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of slovenia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | | - | [[ kosovo ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ pristina ]] | < center > {{ flagicon | kosovo }} [[ kosovo ]] | | - | } = = = succession = = = as the [[ yugoslav wars ]] raged through croatia and bosnia , the republics of serbia and montenegro , which | |
| 516176739 | 0 | svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of slovenia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | | - | [[ kosovo ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ pristina ]] | < center > {{ flagicon | kosovo }} [[ kosovo ]] | | - | } = = = succession = = = as the [[ yugoslav wars ]] raged through croatia and bosnia , the republics of serbia and montenegro , which | |
| 542254308 | 2 | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of serbia and montenegro . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | | < center > [[ file : flag of serbia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of serbia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | | - | [[ slovenia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ ljubljana ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of | |
| 542255088 | 2 | . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of croatia . svg | 40px ]] < center > | | - | [[ republic of kosovo | the republic of kosovo ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ pristina ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of kosovo . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of kosovo . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | | - | [[ macedonia ( country ) | macedonia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ skopje ]] | < center > | |
| 542264962 | 0 | ' [[ flag ]] ' ' ' < / center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' [[ coat of arms ]] ' ' ' < / center > | ! ! < center > ' ' ' declared date of independence ' ' ' < center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' official state | | - | [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] | style = " width : 7em ; font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ sarajevo ]] | style = | |
| 8 | svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of slovenia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | | june 25 , 1991 | july 7 , 1991 ( after the signing of the [[ brioni agreement ]] ) | june 25 | | - | } = = = succession , 1992 - 2003 = = = as the [[ yugoslav wars ]] raged through croatia and bosnia , the republics of serbia | ||
| 547327217 | 11 | . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of | " 6 " | | - | 3 | [[ socialist republic of macedonia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ skopje ]] | style = " | |
| 14 | | style = " width : 6em ; " | < center > [[ file : flag of sr montenegro . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | {{ sfry map | float = | | - | 5 < br > 5a < br > 5b | [[ socialist republic of serbia ]] : {{ smaller | [[ socialist autonomous province of kosovo ]] }} | ||
| 18 | | style = " width : 6em ; " | < center > [[ file : flag of sr slovenia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file | | - | 6 | [[ socialist republic of slovenia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ ljubljana ]] | style = " | ||
| 36 | socialist republic of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : | sfry bosnia and herzegovina . png | 60px ]] < / center > | | - | 2 | [[ socialist republic of croatia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ zagreb ]] | style = " | ||
| 39 | svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of the | socialist republic of croatia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : sfry croatia . png | 60px ]] < / center > | | - | 3 | [[ socialist republic of macedonia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ skopje ]] | style = " | ||
| 44 | > [[ file : coat of arms of macedonia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > | [[ file : sfry macedonia . png | 60px ]] < / center > | | - | 4 | [[ socialist republic of montenegro ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ titograd ]] , now [[ podgorica | ||
| 47 | style = " width : 6em ; " | < center > [[ file : flag of sr montenegro . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : sr montenegro coa . png | 40px ]] < / center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : sfry montenegro . png | 60px ]] < / center > | | - | 5 < br > 5a < br > 5b | [[ socialist republic of serbia ]] : {{ smaller | [[ socialist autonomous province of kosovo ]] }} | ||
| 59 | < center > [[ file : sr slovenia coa . png | 40px ]] < / center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > | [[ file : sfry slovenia . png | 60px ]] < / center > | | - | } in 1947 , negotiations between yugoslavia and bulgaria were led and finalized with the [[ bled agreement ]] . the aim of the negotiations was to include | ||
| 555747797 | 0 | > ! ! < center > official state - recognized date of independence < center > ! ! < center > which date of independence is celebrated as a public holiday | ? < center > | used to celebrate independence | | - | [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] | [[ sarajevo ]] | style = " width : 6em ; " | < center > [[ file : flag of bosnia |
| 739489397 | 0 | : [[ priština ]] : [[ novi sad ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of sr serbia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of the socialist republic of serbia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | | < center > [[ file : sr serbia coa . png | 40px ]] < / center > | | - | [[ socialist republic of slovenia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ ljubljana ]] | < center > [[ file |
| 739532294 | 0 | : [[ priština ]] : [[ novi sad ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of sr serbia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | | < center > [[ file : sr serbia coa . png | 40px ]] < / center > | | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of the socialist republic of serbia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | | - | [[ socialist republic of slovenia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ ljubljana ]] | < center > [[ file |
| 786261304 | 0 | http : / / www . un . org / en / member - states / | title = member states | publisher = united nations }} < / ref > | ! public holiday used to celebrate independence | | - | [[ serbia ]] | [[ belgrade ]] | [[ file : flag of serbia . svg | 70px | border ]] | [[ file : coat of arms | |
| 788334299 | 1 | : columbia university press , 2000 * anne marie du preez bezdrob : ' ' sarajevo roses : war memoirs of a peacekeeper ' ' . oshun , 2002 . isbn | | | 1 - 77007 - 031 - 1 * chan , adrian : ' ' free to choose : a teacher ' s resource and activity guide to revolution and reform in | |
| 4 | fisher , sharon : ' ' political change in post - communist slovakia and croatia : from nationalist to europeanist ' ' . new york : palgrave macmillan , 2006 isbn | | | 1 - 4039 - 7286 - 9 * [[ misha glenny | glenny , mischa ]] : ' ' the balkans : nationalism , war and the great powers , 1804 | ||
| 7 | penguin books ltd , 2000 ) * [[ misha glenny | glenny , mischa ]] : ' ' the fall of yugoslavia : the third balkan war ' ' , isbn | | | 0 - 14 - 026101 - x * gutman , roy . : ' ' a witness to genocide . the 1993 pulitzer prize - winning dispatches on the " ethnic | ||
| 10 | kohlmann , evan f . : ' ' al - qaida ' s jihad in europe : the afghan - bosnian network ' ' berg , new york 2004 , isbn | | | 1 - 85973 - 802 - 8 ; isbn 1 - 85973 - 807 - 9 * [[ lampe , john r ]] : ' ' yugoslavia as history : twice | ||
| 13 | - qaida ' s jihad in europe : the afghan - bosnian network ' ' berg , new york 2004 , isbn 1 - 85973 - 802 - 8 ; isbn | | | 1 - 85973 - 807 - 9 * [[ lampe , john r ]] : ' ' yugoslavia as history : twice there was a country ' ' great britain , | ||
| 16 | - 9 * [[ lampe , john r ]] : ' ' yugoslavia as history : twice there was a country ' ' great britain , cambridge , 1996 , isbn | | | 0 - 521 - 46705 - 5 * malesevic , sinisa : ideology , legitimacy and the new state : yugoslavia , serbia and croatia . london : routledge , 2002 | ||
| 19 | | roberts , walter r . ]] : ' ' tito , mihailovic , and the allies : 1941 – 1945 ' ' . duke university press , 1987 ; isbn | | | 0 - 8223 - 0773 - 1 * sacco , joe : ' ' safe area gorazde : the war in eastern bosnia 1992 – 1995 ' ' . fantagraphics books | ||
| 819821999 | 0 | = | longm = | longew = | national _ motto = | national _ anthem = | capital = [[ belgrade ]] | demonym = | common _ languages = | ' ' ' | 1921 - 1945 : [[ serbo - croato - slovene ]] {{ ref label | scs | a | } } < ref name = " busch2004 " > {{ cite | |
| 847130150 | 1 | of the kingdom of yugoslavia | himna kraljevine jugoslavije ]] " ( 1919 & ndash ; 1941 ) < br / > [[ file : himna kraljevine jugoslavije . ogg ]] | kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ( 1918 & ndash ; 1929 ) | - - - - " [[ hey , slavs | hej , slaveni ]] " ( 1945 & ndash ; 1992 ) < br / > [[ file : united states | |
| 847130224 | 1 | indef }} {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} {{ infobox former country | conventional _ long _ name = yugoslavia ( 1929 & ndash ; 1992 ) | < / small > | - - - - kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ( 1918 & ndash ; 1929 ) | native _ name = | common _ name = yugoslavia | continent | |
| 847189388 | 3 | = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} {{ infobox former country | conventional _ long _ name = | kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes < small > ( 1918 & ndash ; 1929 ) < / small > | - - - - yugoslavia < small > ( 1929 & ndash ; 1992 ) < / small > | native _ name = | common _ name = yugoslavia | | |
| 847902924 | 3 | < br / > {{ nowrap | {{ small | {{ nobold | 1941 – 1945 : [[ yugoslav government - in - exile | government - in - exile ]] | ( 1941 – 1945 ) | - - - - " [[ hey , slavs | hej , slaveni ]] " ( 1945 & ndash ; 1992 ) < br / > [[ file : united states | |
| 848178566 | 3 | = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} {{ infobox former country | conventional _ long _ name = | kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes < small > ( 1918 & ndash ; 1929 ) < / small > | - - - - yugoslavia < small > ( 1929 & ndash ; 1992 ) < / small > | native _ name = | common _ name = yugoslavia | |
| left_string | del_string | ins_string | right_string | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1298298 | 20 | ]] . < table align = " right " > < tr > < td > [[ image : yugoslaviamap . png ]] < / tr > < / td > | < tr > < td > < i > fig . 1 - map of yugoslavia | ) | < / i > < / tr > < / td > < / table > the [[ united nations ]] , and many individual states ( including the [[ united |
| 37026449 | 1 | axis powers ]] . capitulated only 11 days after , it ceased to exist [[ april 17 ]] , 1941 . * the second was a [[ socialist < math > | insert formula here | < / math > state ]] established immediately after [[ world war ii ]] in [[ november 29 ]] , 1945 as ' ' democratic federation of yugoslavia ( dfy ) | |
| 160655032 | 0 | also 40 , 000 [[ roma ]] and 32 , 000 [[ jews ]] , ref > http : / / www . jasenovac . org / < / ref > | < | ref > http : / / www . jasenovac . org / < / ref > < ref > http : / / www . jewishvirtuallibrary . org / jsource / | |
| 165062781 | 4 | . org / < / ref > < ref > http : / / www . jewishvirtuallibrary . org / jsource / holocaust / jasenovac . html < / ref > | . | < ref > http : / / www . vrisak . info / index . php ? option = com _ content & task = view & id = 1910 & | |
| 165278732 | 1 | . org / < / ref > < ref > http : / / www . jewishvirtuallibrary . org / jsource / holocaust / jasenovac . html < / ref > | . | < ref > http : / / www . vrisak . info / index . php ? option = com _ content & task = view & id = 1910 & | |
| 252050525 | 1 | center > image : flag of croatia . svg | < center > [[ croatia ]] < / center > image : flag of kosovo . svg | < center > | ' ' | [[ kosovo ]] < br > ( status as an independent country is [[ 2008 _ kosovo _ declaration _ of _ independence # international _ reaction | in dispute ]] | |
| 2 | : flag of croatia . svg | < center > [[ croatia ]] < / center > image : flag of kosovo . svg | < center > [[ kosovo ]] | ' ' | < br > ( status as an independent country is [[ 2008 _ kosovo _ declaration _ of _ independence # international _ reaction | in dispute ]] ) < / | ||
| 254442728 | 1 | _ declaration _ of _ independence # international _ reaction | in dispute ]] ) < / center > image : flag of macedonia . svg | < center > [[ | republic of macedonia | fyrom | | macedonia ]] < / center > image : flag of montenegro . svg | < center > [[ montenegro ]] < / center > image : flag of serbia . |
| 254442844 | 2 | _ declaration _ of _ independence # international _ reaction | in dispute ]] ) < / center > image : flag of fyrom . svg | < center > [[ | fyrom | republic of macedonia | | fyrom ]] < / center > image : flag of montenegro . svg | < center > [[ montenegro ]] < / center > image : flag of serbia . |
| 254443080 | 1 | _ declaration _ of _ independence # international _ reaction | in dispute ]] ) < / center > image : flag of macedonia . svg | < center > [[ | republic of macedonia | fyrom | | macedonia ]] < / center > image : flag of montenegro . svg | < center > [[ montenegro ]] < / center > image : flag of serbia . |
| 254443532 | 2 | _ declaration _ of _ independence # international _ reaction | in dispute ]] ) < / center > image : flag of fyrom . svg | < center > [[ | fyrom | republic of macedonia | | fyrom ]] < / center > image : flag of montenegro . svg | < center > [[ montenegro ]] < / center > image : flag of serbia . |
| 255620240 | 1 | . svg | < center > [[ serbia ]] < / center > image : flag of slovenia . svg | < center > [[ slovenia ]] < / center > | image : flag of vojvodina . svg | < center > [[ vojvodina ]] < / center > | < / gallery > = = = remaining cultural and ethnic ties = = = the similarity of the languages and the long history of common life have left many ties | |
| 255645072 | 1 | . svg | < center > [[ serbia ]] < / center > image : flag of slovenia . svg | < center > [[ slovenia ]] < / center > | image : flag of vojvodina . svg | < center > [[ vojvodina ]] < / center > | < / gallery > = = = remaining cultural and ethnic ties = = = the similarity of the languages and the long history of common life have left many ties | |
| 257719367 | 3 | center > image : flag of croatia . svg | < center > [[ croatia ]] < / center > image : flag of kosovo . svg | < center > | ' ' | [[ kosovo ]] < / center > image : flag of macedonia . svg | < center > [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] < / center > image : | |
| 4 | : flag of croatia . svg | < center > [[ croatia ]] < / center > image : flag of kosovo . svg | < center > [[ kosovo ]] | ' ' < br > ( status as an independent country is [[ 2008 _ kosovo _ declaration _ of _ independence # international _ reaction | in dispute ]] ) | < / center > image : flag of macedonia . svg | < center > [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] < / center > image : flag of montenegro | ||
| 257769716 | 8 | of the new states " perrow = 6 > image : flag of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | < center > [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] < / center > | | style = " width | ]] < / center > image : flag of croatia . svg | < center > [[ croatia ]] < / center > image : flag of macedonia . svg | | |
| 13 | of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | < center > [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] < / center > image : flag of croatia . svg | < center > [[ | zagreb ]] | < center > [[ image : flag of | [[ croatia ]] < / center > image : flag of macedonia . svg | < center > [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] < / center > image : | ||
| 14 | bosnia and herzegovina . svg | < center > [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] < / center > image : flag of croatia . svg | < center > [[ croatia | . svg | 70px | border | croatia ]] < / center > image : flag of macedonia . svg | < center > [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] < / center > image : flag | ||
| 15 | | < center > [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] < / center > image : flag of croatia . svg | < center > [[ croatia ]] < / center > | | < center > [[ | ]] < / center > image : flag of macedonia . svg | < center > [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] < / center > image : flag of | ||
| 22 | center > [[ croatia ]] < / center > image : flag of macedonia . svg | < center > [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] < / center > | | - | [[ | ]] < / center > image : flag of montenegro . svg | < center > [[ montenegro ]] < / center > image : flag of serbia . svg | | ||
| 25 | of macedonia . svg | < center > [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] < / center > image : flag of montenegro . svg | < center > [[ | podgorica ]] | < center > [[ image : flag of | [[ montenegro ]] < / center > image : flag of serbia . svg | < center > [[ serbia ]] < / center > image : flag of slovenia . | ||
| 26 | macedonia . svg | < center > [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] < / center > image : flag of montenegro . svg | < center > [[ montenegro | . svg | 70px | border | montenegro ]] < / center > image : flag of serbia . svg | < center > [[ serbia ]] < / center > image : flag of slovenia . svg | ||
| 27 | center > [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] < / center > image : flag of montenegro . svg | < center > [[ montenegro ]] < / center > | | < center > [[ | ]] < / center > image : flag of serbia . svg | < center > [[ serbia ]] < / center > image : flag of slovenia . svg | | ||
| 32 | > image : flag of montenegro . svg | < center > [[ montenegro ]] < / center > image : flag of serbia . svg | < center > [[ | belgrade ]] | < center > [[ image : flag of | [[ serbia ]] < / center > image : flag of slovenia . svg | < center > [[ slovenia ]] < / center > < / gallery > < / | ||
| 33 | image : flag of montenegro . svg | < center > [[ montenegro ]] < / center > image : flag of serbia . svg | < center > [[ serbia | . svg | 70px | border | serbia ]] < / center > image : flag of slovenia . svg | < center > [[ slovenia ]] < / center > < / gallery > < / center | ||
| 34 | . svg | < center > [[ montenegro ]] < / center > image : flag of serbia . svg | < center > [[ serbia ]] < / center > | | < center > [[ | ]] < / center > image : flag of slovenia . svg | < center > [[ slovenia ]] < / center > < / gallery > < / center > | ||
| 39 | > image : flag of serbia . svg | < center > [[ serbia ]] < / center > image : flag of slovenia . svg | < center > [[ | ljubljana ]] | < center > [[ image : flag of | [[ slovenia ]] < / center > < / gallery > < / center > = = = remaining cultural and ethnic ties = = = the similarity of the languages | ||
| 40 | image : flag of serbia . svg | < center > [[ serbia ]] < / center > image : flag of slovenia . svg | < center > [[ slovenia | . svg | 70px | border | slovenia ]] < / center > < / gallery > < / center > = = = remaining cultural and ethnic ties = = = the similarity of the languages and | ||
| 41 | . svg | < center > [[ serbia ]] < / center > image : flag of slovenia . svg | < center > [[ slovenia ]] < / center > | | | ]] < / center > < / gallery > < / center > = = = remaining cultural and ethnic ties = = = the similarity of the languages and the | ||
| 42 | ]] < / center > image : flag of slovenia . svg | < center > [[ slovenia ]] < / center > < / gallery > < / center > | [[ image : coat of arms of slovenia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | } | < / gallery > < / center > = = = remaining cultural and ethnic ties = = = the similarity of the languages and the long history of common life | ||
| 65 | svg | < center > [[ serbia ]] < / center > image : flag of slovenia . svg | < center > [[ slovenia ]] < / center > < | / gallery > < / | center > = = = remaining cultural and ethnic ties = = = the similarity of the languages and the long history of common life have left many ties among the | ||
| 284695040 | 28 | camp ]] . a large number of men , women and children , jews , serbs , and croat resistance members , were murdered in these camps . < ref > | , | < ref > http : / / en . wikipedia . org / wiki / jasenovac # victim _ counts < / ref > = = = yugoslav people ' s | |
| 29 | , were murdered in these camps . < ref > http : / / en . wikipedia . org / wiki / jasenovac # victim _ counts < / ref > | [[ croats ]] oposing its ideas | / ref > = = = yugoslav people ' s liberation war = = = {{ main | yugoslav people ' s liberation war }} from the start , the yugoslav | ||
| 78 | camp ]] . a large number of men , women and children , jews , serbs , and croat resistance members , were murdered in these camps . < ref > | http : / / en . wikipedia . org / wiki / jasenovac # victim _ counts < | / ref > = = = yugoslav people ' s liberation war = = = {{ main | yugoslav people ' s liberation war }} from the start , the yugoslav | ||
| 287626190 | 0 | | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of croatia . svg | 40px ]] < center > | - | | [[ kosovo ]] * | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ pristina | priština ]] | | [[ kosovo ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ prishtina ]] | | < center > [[ file : flag of kosovo . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat _ of |
| 288099504 | 0 | | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of croatia . svg | 40px ]] < center > | - | | [[ kosovo ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ prishtina ]] | | [[ kosovo ]] * | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ pristina ]] | | < center > [[ file : flag of kosovo . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat _ of |
| 295388268 | 6 | size : 90 % ; " | [[ zagreb ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of croatia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | | | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of croatia . svg | 40px ]] < center > | - | [[ macedonia ]] | style = " font - | |
| 11 | size : 90 % ; " | [[ skopje ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of macedonia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | | | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of the republic of macedonia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | [[ montenegro ]] | style | ||
| 16 | size : 90 % ; " | [[ podgorica ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of montenegro . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | | | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of montenegro . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | [[ serbia ]] | style = " font | ||
| 21 | size : 90 % ; " | [[ belgrade ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of serbia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | | | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of serbia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | [[ slovenia ]] | style = " font | ||
| 26 | size : 90 % ; " | [[ ljubljana ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of slovenia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | | | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of slovenia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ | ||
| 295402396 | 7 | - size : 90 % ; " | [[ zagreb ]] < center > [[ file : flag of croatia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | | | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of croatia . svg | 40px ]] < center > - [[ macedonia ]] style = " font - size : 90 | |
| 12 | - size : 90 % ; " | [[ skopje ]] < center > [[ file : flag of macedonia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | | | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of the republic of macedonia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > - [[ montenegro ]] style = " font | ||
| 17 | - size : 90 % ; " | [[ podgorica ]] < center > [[ file : flag of montenegro . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | | | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of montenegro . svg | 40px ]] < / center > - [[ serbia ]] style = " font - size : | ||
| 22 | - size : 90 % ; " | [[ belgrade ]] < center > [[ file : flag of serbia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | | | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of serbia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > - [[ slovenia ]] style = " font - size : | ||
| 27 | - size : 90 % ; " | [[ ljubljana ]] < center > [[ file : flag of slovenia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | | | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of slovenia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > - the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european | ||
| 318046156 | 22 | slovenia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : sr slovenia coa . png | 40px ]] < / center > | 60px | ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : sr serbia coa . png | 40px ]] < / center > | - | 6 . [[ socialist | |
| 23 | city | capital ]] ' ' ' < / center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' [[ flag ]] ' ' ' < / center > ! ! | | style = " width : 4em ; " | | < center > ' ' ' [[ coat of arms ]] ' ' ' < / center > | - | [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] | style = " width | ||
| 343725873 | 2 | svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of kosovo . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | | - | | < center > [[ file : flag of kosovo . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms | |
| 400599300 | 44 | city | capital ]] ' ' ' < / center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' [[ flag ]] ' ' ' < / center > ! ! | < center > ' ' ' [[ coat of arms ]] ' ' ' < / center > ! ! | < center > ' ' ' location ' ' ' < / center > | - | [[ socialist republic of bosnia and herzegovina ]] | style = " width : | |
| 61 | size : 90 % ; " | [[ ljubljana ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of slovenia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of slovenia . svg | 40px ]] | < / center > | - | } the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , which applied in 1996 and became a member | ||
| 467907565 | 7 | ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of the republic of macedonia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | file : flag of the republic of macedonia 1992 - 1995 . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of the republic of macedonia 1991 - 2009 . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] | | < center > [[ file : flag of macedonia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms | |
| 467914600 | 14 | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | | - | [[ republic of croatia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ zagreb ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of croatia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of croatia . svg | 40px ]] < center > | - | [[ macedonia ( country ) | republic of macedonia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ skopje ]] | | < center > [[ file : flag of macedonia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms | |
| 468701811 | 18 | ' < / center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' [[ flag ]] ' ' ' < / center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' | [[ coat of arms ]] | emblem | ' ' ' < / center > | - | [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] | style = " width : 7em ; font - size : 90 % ; " |
| 492376913 | 5 | size : 90 % ; " | [[ belgrade ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of serbia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | : | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of kosovo . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] | | |
| 6 | svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of serbia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | 25px | ]] < / center > | - | [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ skopje ]] | ||
| 8 | | 40px ]] < center > | - | [[ republic of kosovo | kosovo ]] ( disputed ) < ref > {{ kosovo - note }} < / ref > | | style = " font - size | : 90 % ; " | [[ pristina ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of kosovo . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | | ||
| 13 | size : 90 % ; " | [[ pristina ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of kosovo . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | | | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of kosovo . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] | | ||
| 492545273 | 0 | center > ' ' ' capital ' ' ' < / center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' flag ' ' ' < / center > ! ! | < center > ' ' ' coat of arms ' ' ' < / center > ! ! | < center > ' ' ' location ' ' ' < / center > | - | 1 | [[ socialist republic of bosnia and herzegovina ]] | style = " | |
| 14 | : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : sfry slovenia . png | 60px ]] < / center > | - | } ( {{ smaller | < | center | < nowiki > * < / nowiki > now [[ podgorica ]] }} ) in 1947 , negotiations between yugoslavia and bulgaria were led and finalized with the [[ bled agreement | ||
| 15 | file : sfry slovenia . png | 60px ]] < / center > | - | } ( {{ smaller | < nowiki > * < / nowiki > now [[ | file : sr slovenia coa . png | 40px | > * < / nowiki > now [[ podgorica ]] }} ) in 1947 , negotiations between yugoslavia and bulgaria were led and finalized with the [[ bled agreement ]] . | ||
| 18 | : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : sfry slovenia . png | 60px ]] < / center > | - | } ( {{ smaller | < | nowiki | > * < / nowiki > now [[ podgorica ]] }} ) in 1947 , negotiations between yugoslavia and bulgaria were led and finalized with the [[ bled agreement ]] . | ||
| 492692066 | 2 | : 90 % ; " | [[ zagreb ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of croatia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | | style = " width : 4em ; " | | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of croatia . svg | 40px ]] < center > | - | [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] | style | |
| 5 | size : 90 % ; " | [[ skopje ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of macedonia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | | style = " width : 4em ; " | | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of the republic of macedonia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | [[ montenegro ]] | | ||
| 8 | : 90 % ; " | [[ podgorica ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of montenegro . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | | style = " width : 4em ; " | | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of montenegro . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | [[ serbia ]] : {{ smaller | [[ | ||
| 12 | serbia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > : < center > [[ file : flag of kosovo . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | | style = " width : 4em ; " | | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of serbia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > : < center > [[ file : coat of arms | ||
| 15 | : 90 % ; " | [[ ljubljana ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of slovenia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | | style = " width : 4em ; " | | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of slovenia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | } = = = yugosphere = = = | ||
| 496003280 | 9 | ' ' ' < / center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' flag ' ' ' < / center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' | emblem | [[ coat of arms ]] | ' ' ' < / center > | - | [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] | style = " width : 7em ; font - size : 90 % ; " |
| 18 | | style = " width : 6em ; " | < center > [[ file : flag of croatia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | | style = " width : 4em ; " | | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of croatia . svg | 40px ]] < center > | - | [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] | style | ||
| 22 | ]] | style = " width : 6em ; " | < center > [[ file : flag of macedonia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | | style = " width : 4em ; " | | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of the republic of macedonia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | [[ montenegro ]] | | ||
| 25 | | style = " width : 6em ; " | < center > [[ file : flag of montenegro . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | | style = " width : 4em ; " | | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of montenegro . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | [[ serbia ]] : {{ smaller | [[ | ||
| 31 | | style = " width : 6em ; " | < center > [[ file : flag of slovenia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | | style = " width : 4em ; " | | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of slovenia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | } = = = yugosphere = = = | ||
| 542256959 | 10 | 2307 / 20694208 ? uid = 3738200 & uid = 2129 & uid = 2 & uid = 70 & uid = 4 & sid = 21100853300901 < / ref > | marking an important transition in its history , the federal republic of yugoslavia was officially renamed [[ serbia and montenegro ]] in 2003 . = = = succession , 2006 - present = = = | . < ref > {{ cite web | url = http : / / www . dipublico . com . ar / english / yugoslav - agreement - on - succession | |
| 542264962 | 9 | former yugoslavia are the following : { | class = " wikitable " ! < center > ' ' ' [[ list of countries | name ]] ' ' ' < | / | center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' [[ capital city | capital ]] ' ' ' < / center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' | |
| 10 | list of countries | name ]] ' ' ' < / center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' [[ capital city | capital ]] ' ' ' < | / | center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' [[ flag ]] ' ' ' < / center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' [[ coat of | ||
| 11 | ' ' ' [[ capital city | capital ]] ' ' ' < / center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' [[ flag ]] ' ' ' < | / | center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' [[ coat of arms ]] ' ' ' < / center > | - | [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] | | ||
| 12 | > ' ' ' [[ flag ]] ' ' ' < / center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' [[ coat of arms ]] ' ' ' < | / | center > | - | [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] | style = " width : 7em ; font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ sarajevo ]] | | ||
| 547327217 | 13 | > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of macedonia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | | style = " width : 4em ; " | | # fff | < center > [[ file : sfry macedonia . png | 60px ]] < / center > | - | 4 | [[ socialist republic of montenegro ]] | style = |
| 15 | of arms of the socialist republic of serbia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ | }} | < center > [[ file : sfry serbia . png | 60px ]] < / center > | - | 6 | [[ socialist republic of slovenia ]] | style = | ||
| 17 | < / center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : sfry serbia . png | 60px ]] < / center > | ]] | ]] < / center > | - | 6 | [[ socialist republic of slovenia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ ljubljana | ||
| 19 | file : flag of sr slovenia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ | file : sr slovenia coa . png | 40px | flag | ]] < / center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : sfry slovenia . png | 60px ]] < / center | |
| 22 | territory of the former yugoslavia , 2008 }} the successor states to the former yugoslavia are the following : { | class = " sortable wikitable " ! < center > | | < center > [[ file : sr slovenia coa . png | 40px ]] < / center > | center > ! ! < center > [[ capital city | capital ]] < center > ! ! < center > [[ flag ]] < center > ! ! < center | ||
| 24 | the successor states to the former yugoslavia are the following : { | class = " sortable wikitable " ! < center > [[ list of countries | name ]] < | list of countries | [[ flag ]] < center > ! ! < center > [[ coat of arms ]] < center > ! ! < center > declared date of independence < center > | ||
| 25 | center > [[ list of countries | name ]] < center > ! ! < center > [[ capital city | capital ]] < center > ! ! < center > | name | < center > ! ! < center > [[ coat of arms ]] < center > ! ! < center > declared date of independence < center > ! ! < | ||
| 26 | list of countries | name ]] < center > ! ! < center > [[ capital city | capital ]] < center > ! ! < center > [[ flag ]] | ! ! | center > ! ! < center > [[ coat of arms ]] < center > ! ! < center > declared date of independence < center > ! ! < center | ||
| 27 | of countries | name ]] < center > ! ! < center > [[ capital city | capital ]] < center > ! ! < center > [[ flag ]] < | flag | < center > [[ coat of arms ]] < center > ! ! < center > declared date of independence < center > ! ! < center > official state - | ||
| 32 | center > ' ' ' name ' ' ' < / center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' capital ' ' ' < / center > ! ! | < center > ' ' ' flag ' ' ' < / center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' coat of arms ' ' ' < / center > ! ! | < center > ' ' ' location ' ' ' < / center > | - | 1 | [[ socialist republic of bosnia and herzegovina ]] | style = " | ||
| 50 | style = " width : 6em ; " | < center > [[ file : flag of sr serbia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | | style = " width : 4em ; " | | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of the socialist republic of serbia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | style = " width : | ||
| 51 | " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of the socialist republic of serbia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | | style = " width : 4em ; " | | < center > [[ file : sfry serbia . png | 60px ]] < / center > | - | 6 | [[ socialist republic of slovenia ]] | style = | ||
| 52 | of arms of the socialist republic of serbia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ | file : sfry serbia . png | | 60px ]] < / center > | - | 6 | [[ socialist republic of slovenia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | | ||
| 54 | | 40px ]] < / center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : sfry serbia . png | 60px ]] < | / | center > | - | 6 | [[ socialist republic of slovenia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ ljubljana ]] | style | ||
| 57 | | style = " width : 6em ; " | < center > [[ file : flag of sr slovenia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | | style = " width : 4em ; " | | < center > [[ file : sr slovenia coa . png | 40px ]] < / center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > | ||
| 555747797 | 5 | " ! < center > [[ list of countries | name ]] < center > ! ! < center > [[ capital city | capital ]] < center > ! ! | < center > | [[ flag ]] < center > ! ! < center > [[ coat of arms ]] < center > ! ! < center > declared date of independence < center > | |
| 6 | list of countries | name ]] < center > ! ! < center > [[ capital city | capital ]] < center > ! ! < center > [[ flag ]] | < center > | ! ! < center > [[ coat of arms ]] < center > ! ! < center > declared date of independence < center > ! ! < center > official | ||
| 578738507 | 5 | spencer tucker 2005 " > ' ' ' cite error : the named reference spencer _ tucker _ 2005 was invoked but never defined ' ' ' < / ref > | , the western border left a population of half a million slavs | . pp . 1189 . | < ref name = " hehnp _ low _ dishonest _ decade " > hehn , paul n . ( 2005 ) [ http : / / books . google . |
| 711550513 | 0 | | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of the socialist republic of croatia . svg | 40px ]] < | / | center > | - | [[ socialist republic of macedonia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ skopje ]] | < center > | |
| 846351997 | 2 | - on - succession - issues - 2001 / | title = yugoslav agreement on succession issues ( 2001 ) | accessdate = 14 june 2012 }} < / ref > | < ref name = " successor agreement " > | / ref > marking an important transition in its history , the federal republic of yugoslavia was officially renamed [[ serbia and montenegro ]] in 2003 . according to the succession |
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| 49653 | 0 | {st@rt} | [[ eo : jugoslavio ]] [[ pl : jugos % b3awia ]] | the federal republic of yugoslavia is a country in southeastern europe , formed in [[ 1918 ]] as a [[ monarchy ]] . after [[ world war ii ]] it became | |
| 74642 | 0 | {st@rt} [[ eo : jugoslavio ]] [[ pl : jugos % b3awia ]] | yugoslaviamap . png < table align = " right " > < tr > < td > [[ image : yugoslaviamap . png ]] < / tr > < / td > < tr > < td > < i > fig . 1 - current map of yugoslavia < / i > < / tr > < / td > < / table > | the federal republic of yugoslavia is a country in southeastern europe , formed in [[ 1918 ]] as a [[ monarchy ]] . after [[ world war ii ]] it became | |
| 187236 | 0 | {st@rt} [[ eo : jugoslavio ]] [[ pl : jugos % b3awia ]] | < div style = " float : right " > [[ image : yugoslavia _ flag _ medium . png ]] < / div > | the federal republic of ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' is a country in southeastern europe , formed in [[ 1918 ]] as a [[ monarchy ]] . after [[ | |
| 689653 | 2 | yougoslavie ]] < div style = " float : right " > [[ image : yugoslavia _ flag _ medium . png ]] < / div > until 4th february , | [[ | 2003 the federal republic of ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' has been a country in southeastern [[ europe ]] , formed in [[ 1918 ]] as the [[ kingdom | |
| 1212343 | 0 | " float : right " > [[ image : yugoslavia _ flag _ medium . png ]] < / div > until [[ february 4 ]] , [[ 2003 ]] the | ' ' ' | federal republic of ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' existed as a country in southeastern [[ europe ]] . yugoslavia formed in [[ 1918 ]] as the [[ kingdom of | |
| 1213973 | 2 | ' ' ' from 1946 to [[ 1963 ]] , * * ' ' ' socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ' ' ' - article on the republic , 1963 to | 1991 | 1992 | . * [[ federal republic of yugoslavia | republic of yugoslavia ]] , which exists from 1991 , under names : * * ' ' ' federal republic of yugoslavia ' |
| 1288560 | 6 | serbs , croats and slovenes ' ' ' , from 1918 to [[ 1929 ]] , * * ' ' ' kingdom of yugoslavia ' ' ' from 1929 to 1941 | . | ]] | * [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | socialist yugoslavia ]] , which existed from [[ 1945 ]] to [[ 1992 ]] , under names : * * ' ' ' |
| 7 | and slovenes ' ' ' , from 1918 to [[ 1929 ]] , * * ' ' ' kingdom of yugoslavia ' ' ' from 1929 to 1941 . * [[ | socialist | democratic | federal republic of yugoslavia | socialist yugoslavia ]] , which existed from [[ 1945 ]] to [[ 1992 ]] , under names : * * ' ' ' democratic federal yugoslavia | |
| 10 | , from 1945 to [[ 1946 ]] , * * ' ' ' federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ' ' ' from 1946 to [[ 1963 ]] , * | * ' ' ' | [[ | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ' ' ' from 1963 to 1992 . * [[ serbia and montenegro | republic of yugoslavia ]] , which exists from 1992 , under names | |
| 20 | of yugoslavia ' ' ' from 1946 to [[ 1963 ]] , * * ' ' ' socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ' ' ' from 1963 to 1992 . * | [[ serbia and montenegro | republic of yugoslavia ]] , which exists from 1992 , under names : * * ' ' ' | federal republic of yugoslavia ' ' ' , from 1992 to [[ 2003 ]] , * * ' ' ' serbia and montenegro ' ' ' , from 2003 onward . | ||
| 1298298 | 8 | [[ kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ]] , from [[ 1918 ]] to [[ 1929 ]] , * [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] from 1929 to [[ 1941 ]] | * | by | [[ democratic federal yugoslavia ]] , from [[ 1945 ]] to [[ 1946 ]] , * [[ federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ]] from 1946 to [[ 1963 ]] |
| 9 | of serbs , croats and slovenes ]] , from [[ 1918 ]] to [[ 1929 ]] , * [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] from 1929 to [[ 1941 ]] * [[ | axis powers ]] . the second was a [[ communist state ]] established immediately after [[ world war ii ]] in [[ 1945 ]] under the name ' ' ' | democratic federal yugoslavia ]] , from [[ 1945 ]] to [[ 1946 ]] , * [[ federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ]] from 1946 to [[ 1963 ]] , | ||
| 14 | [[ democratic federal yugoslavia ]] , from [[ 1945 ]] to [[ 1946 ]] , * [[ federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ]] from 1946 to [[ 1963 ]] | , * | to the | [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] from 1963 to [[ 1992 ]] * federal republic of yugoslavia , from 1992 to [[ 2003 ]] , * [[ serbia and montenegro | |
| 1984488 | 0 | which in [[ 1946 ]] changed its name to the ' ' ' federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ' ' ' and again in [[ 1963 ]] to the | ' ' ' | [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] , under which it existed until [[ 1991 ]] - [[ 1992 ]] when four of its six constituent republics [[ slovenia ]] , | |
| 1984503 | 5 | six constituent republics [[ slovenia ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] and [[ bosnia - herzegovina ]] separated . as a result a federation | named | called the | ' ' ' federal republic of yugoslavia ' ' ' was formed between the remaining republics of [[ serbia ]] and [[ montenegro ]] , which in [[ 2003 ]] remade |
| 2957603 | 4 | republics - [[ slovenia ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] and [[ bosnia - herzegovina ]] - had seceded . * a federation called | the | ' ' ' federal republic of yugoslavia ' ' ' was formed in [[ 1991 ]] between the remaining republics of [[ serbia ]] and [[ montenegro ]] . in [[ | |
| 4117764 | 0 | ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] and [[ bosnia - herzegovina ]] - had seceded . * the third was called ' ' ' | [[ | federal republic of yugoslavia ( fry ) ' ' ' and was formed in [[ 1991 ]] between the remaining republics of [[ serbia ]] and [[ montenegro ]] . in | |
| 8640465 | 4 | operations in yugoslavia . [ http : / / www . nato . int / ifor / un / u911127a . htm ] = = federal republic of yugoslavia = = | [[ image : yugoslaviamap . png | frame | the federal republic of yugoslavia consisted of serbia and montenegro . ]] | the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia officially ceased to exist on [[ april 28 ]] , 1992 , when the [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( fry ) was formed | |
| 15243372 | 0 | by the [[ axis powers ]] . * the second was a [[ socialist state ]] established immediately after [[ world war ii ]] in [[ 1945 ]] as ' ' | ' | democratic federal yugoslavia ( dfy ) ' ' ' , which in [[ 1946 ]] became the ' ' ' federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ( fpry ) ' | |
| 22506196 | 10 | way to the establishment of [[ peacekeeping ]] operations in yugoslavia . [ http : / / www . nato . int / ifor / un / u911127a . htm ] | the so - called badinter commission formed by the [[ european community ]] declared that the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia had " dissolved " in early 1992 . | = = federal republic of yugoslavia = = [[ image : yugoslaviamap . png | frame | the federal republic of yugoslavia consisted of serbia and montenegro . ]] the socialist | |
| 22506688 | 3 | htm ] the so - called badinter commission formed by the [[ european community ]] declared that the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia had " dissolved " in early 1992 . | various dates are considered as the end of | = = federal republic of yugoslavia = = [[ image : yugoslaviamap . png | frame | the federal republic of yugoslavia consisted of serbia and montenegro . ]] the socialist | |
| 4 | 1992 . = = federal republic of yugoslavia = = [[ image : yugoslaviamap . png | frame | the federal republic of yugoslavia consisted of serbia and montenegro . ]] | : * | the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia officially ceased to exist on [[ april 28 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , when the [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( fry ) | ||
| 38616779 | 0 | national hero by the citizens and so he gained the power in post - war independent [[ communism | communist ]] state , starting as a [[ prime minister ]] . | = = the second yugoslavia = = ' ' main article : [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ' ' [[ image : tito . marshall . post - war . j . j . . jpg | thumb | 200px | [[ josip broz tito | marshal tito ]] led yugoslavia from the end of [[ world war ii ]] until his death in 1980 . ]] on [[ january 31 ]] , [[ 1946 ]] the new [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution ]] of [[ federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ]] , modeling the [[ soviet union ]] , established six constituent republics and two autonomous provinces . the republics were : * [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] * [[ croatia ]] * [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] * [[ montenegro ]] * [[ serbia ]] * [[ slovenia ]] and within serbia ' s new reduced borders , the people of the following two regions were granted limited autonomous rights : * [[ vojvodina ]] * [[ kosovo ]] in 1974 , the two provinces of vojvodina and kosovo as well as the republics of bosnia & herzegovina and montenegro were granted greater autonomy to the point that albanian and hungarian became nationally recognised minority languages and the serbo - croat of bosnia and montenegro altered to a form based on the speech of the local people and not on the standards of zagreb and belgrade . [[ vojvodina ]] and [[ kosovo ]] form a part of the republic of [[ serbia ]] . the country distanced itself from the soviets in 1948 ( cf . [[ cominform ]] and [[ informbiro ]] ) and started to build its own way to [[ socialism ]] under strong political leadership of [[ josip broz tito ]] . the country criticized both [[ eastern bloc | eastern bloc ]] and [[ nato ]] nations and , together with other countries , started the [[ non - aligned movement ]] in 1961 , which remained the official affiliation of the country until it dissolved . on [[ april 7 ]] , [[ 1963 ]] the nation changed its official name to [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] and [[ josip broz tito | tito ]] was named [[ president for life ]] . in sfry , each republic and province had its own internal constitution , supreme court , parliament , president and prime minister . at the top of the yugoslav government was tito as president ( a collective presidency was formed after tito ' s death in 1980 ) , the federal prime minister , and the federal parliament . an important role was one of the president of the [[ communist party of yugoslavia ]] for each republic and province , and the president of presidency of central committee of the communist party . josip broz tito was the most powerful person in the country , and after him there were republic and province premiers and presidents , plus communist party presidents . people whom he did not favor varied greatly . slobodan penezić krcun served under tito as chief of secret police in serbia and then after he started to complain about tito ' s politics , he was victim of a dubious traffic incident . minister of the interior aleksandar ranković lost all of his titles and rights after a major disagreement with tito regarding state politics . sometimes ministers in government were more important than the premier , such as in the case of [[ edvard kardelj ]] or [[ stane dolanc ]] . the suppression of national identities escalated with the so - called [[ croatian spring ]] of 1970 - 71 , when students in zagreb organized demonstrations for greater civil liberties and greater croatian autonomy . the regime stifled the public protest and incarcerated the leaders , but many key croatian representatives in the party silently supported this cause , so a new [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution ]] was ratified in 1974 that gave more rights to the individual republics and provinces . according to this constitution , individual republics had a right for self - determination , up to secession , which made later break - up easier . = = = breakup = = = after tito ' s death in 1980 , ethnic tensions grew in yugoslavia . some members of the [[ serbian academy of sciences and arts ]] drafted a memorandum in 1986 that opposed the policy of the federation and promoted serbian nationalism in response to the perceived weak position of serbia in the federation . the [[ albanians | ethnic albanian ]] miners in [[ kosovo ]] organized strikes which dovetailed into ethnic conflict between the albanians and the non - albanians in the province . in the 1980s , the albanians were the largest ethnic group in kosovo with over 90 % of the population . the principle slavs , mainly serbs , were fast reducing in size and would by 1999 be as little as 10 % of the two million population . serbian [[ communist ]] leader [[ slobodan milošević ]] , the new strong man of yugoslavia , tried to play on the revived serb nationalism , but ended up alienating all the other ethnic groups in the federation . autonomy of [[ vojvodina ]] and of [[ kosovo | kosovo and metohija ]] was reduced , though both entities retained a vote in the yugoslav presidency council . as a result , milošević in effect now controlled three of the eight votes in the presidency . [[ image : smilo . jpg | frame | left | milošević ]] meanwhile [[ slovenia ]] , under the presidency of [[ milan kucan ]] had since 1986 been following a course of democratisation and economic liberalisation , which put it on a collision course with milošević ' policies . [[ croatia ]] later followed suit . in january 1990 , the extraordinary 14th congress of the [[ league of communists of yugoslavia ]] was convened . the serbian delegation , led by milošević , insisted on the reversal of 1974 constitution policy that empowered the republics and rather wanted to introduce a policy of " one person , one vote " , which would empower the majority population , the serbs . the slovenian and croatian delegations ( led by [[ milan kučan ]] and [[ ivica račan ]] , respectively ) , favored democratisation and economic liberalization , but were voted down . as a result , the slovene and croatian delegations left the congress , and the all - yugoslav communist party was dissolved . following the fall of the soviet union in the rest of [[ eastern europe ]] , each of the republics held multi - party elections in 1990 . the unresolved issues remained . in particular , slovenia and croatia elected governments oriented towards independence ( under [[ milan kučan ]] and [[ franjo tuđman ]] , respectively ) , while serbia and montenegro elected candidates who favoured yugoslav unity . in march 1990 , the [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] ( jugoslovenska narodna armija , jna ) met with the presidency of yugoslavia ( an eight member council composed of representatives from six republics and two autonomous provinces ) in an attempt to get them to declare a [[ state of emergency ]] which would allow for the army to take control of the country . the representatives of serbia , montenegro , kosovo - metohija , and vojvodina voted for the decision , while croatia ( [[ stjepan mesić | stipe mesić ]] ) , slovenia ( [[ janez drnovšek ]] ) , macedonia ( [[ vasil tupurkovski ]] ) and bosnia - hercegovina ( [[ bogić bogićević ]] ) voted against . the tie delayed an escalation of conflicts , but not for long . following the first multi - party election results , the republics of slovenia and croatia proposed transforming yugoslavia into a loose confederation of six republics in the autumn of 1990 , however [[ slobodan milošević | milošević ]] rejected all such proposals , arguing that all serbs should live in the same country . on [[ march 9 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] demonstrations were held against slobodan milošević in [[ belgrade ]] , but the police and the military were deployed in the streets in order to restore order , killing two people . in late march , 1991 , the so - called [[ plitvice bloody easter ]] incident was one of the first sparks of open war in croatia . the [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] maintained an impression of being neutral , but as time went on , it was becoming more and more involved in state politics . on june 25 , 1991 , slovenia and croatia became the first republics to declare independence from yugoslavia . in slovenia , the yugoslav people ' s army took armed action , leading to a ten - day war , marking the beginning of the bloody [[ yugoslav wars ]] . at the end of the ten days , the yugoslav army was defeated , and pulled out of slovenia . in the [[ brioni agreement ]] , agreed upon by representatives of all republics , the international community pressured slovenia and croatia to place a three - month [[ moratorium ]] on their independence declarations . during these three months , the yugoslav army completed its pull - out of slovenia , but in croatia , a bloody war broke out in the autumn of 1991 . ethnic serbs , who had created the [[ republic of serbian krajina ]] in heavily serb - populated regions , with the aid of the yugoslav army , fought the forces of the republic of croatia . in september 1991 , the republic of macedonia also declared independence becoming the only former republic to gain sovereignty without resistance from the belgrade based yugoslav authorities . 500 u . s soldiers were then deployed under the u . n banner to monitor macedonia ' s northern borders with the republic of serbia , yugoslavia . macedonia ' s first president , [[ kiro gligorov ]] , maintained good relations with belgrade and the other breakaway republics and there have to date been no problems between macedonian and serbo - montenegrin border police even though small pockets of kosovo and the [[ preševo ]] valley complete the northern reaches of the historical region known as macedonia , which would otherwise create a border dispute if ever macedonian nationalism should resurface ( see [[ imoro ]] ) . as a result of the conflict , the [[ united nations security council ]] unanimously adopted [[ un security council resolution 721 ]] on [[ november 27 ]] , 1991 , which paved the way to the establishment of [[ peacekeeping ]] operations in yugoslavia . [ http : / / www . nato . int / ifor / un / u911127a . htm ] in [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] in november 1991 , the bosnian serbs held a referendum which resulted in an overwhelming vote in favour of staying in a common state with [[ serbia ]] and [[ montenegro ]] . on [[ january 9 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] the bosnian serb assembly proclaimed a separate " republic of the serb people of bosnia and herzegovina " . the referendum and creation of sars were proclaimed [[ unconstitutional ]] by the government of bosnia and herzegovina , and declared illegal and invalid . however , in february - march 1992 the government held a national referendum on bosnian independence from yugoslavia . that referendum was in turn declared contrary to the bih and federal constitution by the federal constitution court and newly established bosnian serb government ; it was largely boycotted by the bosnian serbs . the turnout was somewhere between 64 - 67 % and 98 % of the voters voted for independence . it was unclear what the two - thirds majority requirement actually meant and whether it was satisfied {{ fact }} . the republic ' s government declared its independence on [[ 5 april ]] , and the serbs immediately declared the independence of republika srpska . the [[ bosnian war | war in bosnia ]] followed shortly thereafter . the so - called badinter commission formed by the [[ european community ]] declared in early 1992 that the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia had " dissolved " . various dates are considered as the end of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia : * [[ june 25 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , when croatia and slovenia declared independence * [[ october 8 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , when the [[ july 9 ]] th moratorium on slovenian and croatian secession was ended and croatia restated its independence in croatian parliament ( that day is celebrated as independence day in croatia ) * [[ january 15 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , when slovenia and croatia were internationally recognized * april 28 , 1992 , the formation of fry ( see below ) | = = federal republic of yugoslavia = = [[ image : yugoslaviamap . png | frame | the federal republic of yugoslavia consisted of serbia and montenegro . ]] the [[ | |
| 38641857 | 0 | national hero by the citizens and so he gained the power in post - war independent [[ communism | communist ]] state , starting as a [[ prime minister ]] . | = = the second yugoslavia = = ' ' main article : [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ' ' [[ image : tito . marshall . post - war . j . j . . jpg | thumb | 200px | [[ josip broz tito | marshal tito ]] led yugoslavia from the end of [[ world war ii ]] until his death in 1980 . ]] on [[ january 31 ]] , [[ 1946 ]] the new [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution ]] of [[ federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ]] , modeling the [[ soviet union ]] , established six constituent republics and two autonomous provinces . the republics were : * [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] * [[ croatia ]] * [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] * [[ montenegro ]] * [[ serbia ]] * [[ slovenia ]] and within serbia ' s new reduced borders , the people of the following two regions were granted limited autonomous rights : * [[ vojvodina ]] * [[ kosovo ]] in 1974 , the two provinces of vojvodina and kosovo as well as the republics of bosnia & herzegovina and montenegro were granted greater autonomy to the point that albanian and hungarian became nationally recognised minority languages and the serbo - croat of bosnia and montenegro altered to a form based on the speech of the local people and not on the standards of zagreb and belgrade . [[ vojvodina ]] and [[ kosovo ]] form a part of the republic of [[ serbia ]] . the country distanced itself from the soviets in 1948 ( cf . [[ cominform ]] and [[ informbiro ]] ) and started to build its own way to [[ socialism ]] under strong political leadership of [[ josip broz tito ]] . the country criticized both [[ eastern bloc | eastern bloc ]] and [[ nato ]] nations and , together with other countries , started the [[ non - aligned movement ]] in 1961 , which remained the official affiliation of the country until it dissolved . on [[ april 7 ]] , [[ 1963 ]] the nation changed its official name to [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] and [[ josip broz tito | tito ]] was named [[ president for life ]] . in sfry , each republic and province had its own internal constitution , supreme court , parliament , president and prime minister . at the top of the yugoslav government was tito as president ( a collective presidency was formed after tito ' s death in 1980 ) , the federal prime minister , and the federal parliament . an important role was one of the president of the [[ communist party of yugoslavia ]] for each republic and province , and the president of presidency of central committee of the communist party . josip broz tito was the most powerful person in the country , and after him there were republic and province premiers and presidents , plus communist party presidents . people whom he did not favor varied greatly . slobodan penezić krcun served under tito as chief of secret police in serbia and then after he started to complain about tito ' s politics , he was victim of a dubious traffic incident . minister of the interior aleksandar ranković lost all of his titles and rights after a major disagreement with tito regarding state politics . sometimes ministers in government were more important than the premier , such as in the case of [[ edvard kardelj ]] or [[ stane dolanc ]] . the suppression of national identities escalated with the so - called [[ croatian spring ]] of 1970 - 71 , when students in zagreb organized demonstrations for greater civil liberties and greater croatian autonomy . the regime stifled the public protest and incarcerated the leaders , but many key croatian representatives in the party silently supported this cause , so a new [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution ]] was ratified in 1974 that gave more rights to the individual republics and provinces . according to this constitution , individual republics had a right for self - determination , up to secession , which made later break - up easier . = = = breakup = = = after tito ' s death in 1980 , ethnic tensions grew in yugoslavia . some members of the [[ serbian academy of sciences and arts ]] drafted a memorandum in 1986 that opposed the policy of the federation and promoted serbian nationalism in response to the perceived weak position of serbia in the federation . the [[ albanians | ethnic albanian ]] miners in [[ kosovo ]] organized strikes which dovetailed into ethnic conflict between the albanians and the non - albanians in the province . in the 1980s , the albanians were the largest ethnic group in kosovo with over 90 % of the population . the principle slavs , mainly serbs , were fast reducing in size and would by 1999 be as little as 10 % of the two million population . serbian [[ communist ]] leader [[ slobodan milošević ]] , the new strong man of yugoslavia , tried to play on the revived serb nationalism , but ended up alienating all the other ethnic groups in the federation . autonomy of [[ vojvodina ]] and of [[ kosovo | kosovo and metohija ]] was reduced , though both entities retained a vote in the yugoslav presidency council . as a result , milošević in effect now controlled three of the eight votes in the presidency . [[ image : smilo . jpg | frame | left | milošević ]] meanwhile [[ slovenia ]] , under the presidency of [[ milan kucan ]] had since 1986 been following a course of democratisation and economic liberalisation , which put it on a collision course with milošević ' policies . [[ croatia ]] later followed suit . in january 1990 , the extraordinary 14th congress of the [[ league of communists of yugoslavia ]] was convened . the serbian delegation , led by milošević , insisted on the reversal of 1974 constitution policy that empowered the republics and rather wanted to introduce a policy of " one person , one vote " , which would empower the majority population , the serbs . the slovenian and croatian delegations ( led by [[ milan kučan ]] and [[ ivica račan ]] , respectively ) , favored democratisation and economic liberalization , but were voted down . as a result , the slovene and croatian delegations left the congress , and the all - yugoslav communist party was dissolved . following the fall of the soviet union in the rest of [[ eastern europe ]] , each of the republics held multi - party elections in 1990 . the unresolved issues remained . in particular , slovenia and croatia elected governments oriented towards independence ( under [[ milan kučan ]] and [[ franjo tuđman ]] , respectively ) , while serbia and montenegro elected candidates who favoured yugoslav unity . in march 1990 , the [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] ( jugoslovenska narodna armija , jna ) met with the presidency of yugoslavia ( an eight member council composed of representatives from six republics and two autonomous provinces ) in an attempt to get them to declare a [[ state of emergency ]] which would allow for the army to take control of the country . the representatives of serbia , montenegro , kosovo - metohija , and vojvodina voted for the decision , while croatia ( [[ stjepan mesić | stipe mesić ]] ) , slovenia ( [[ janez drnovšek ]] ) , macedonia ( [[ vasil tupurkovski ]] ) and bosnia - hercegovina ( [[ bogić bogićević ]] ) voted against . the tie delayed an escalation of conflicts , but not for long . following the first multi - party election results , the republics of slovenia and croatia proposed transforming yugoslavia into a loose confederation of six republics in the autumn of 1990 , however [[ slobodan milošević | milošević ]] rejected all such proposals , arguing that all serbs should live in the same country . on [[ march 9 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] demonstrations were held against slobodan milošević in [[ belgrade ]] , but the police and the military were deployed in the streets in order to restore order , killing two people . in late march , 1991 , the so - called [[ plitvice bloody easter ]] incident was one of the first sparks of open war in croatia . the [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] maintained an impression of being neutral , but as time went on , it was becoming more and more involved in state politics . on june 25 , 1991 , slovenia and croatia became the first republics to declare independence from yugoslavia . in slovenia , the yugoslav people ' s army took armed action , leading to a ten - day war , marking the beginning of the bloody [[ yugoslav wars ]] . at the end of the ten days , the yugoslav army was defeated , and pulled out of slovenia . in the [[ brioni agreement ]] , agreed upon by representatives of all republics , the international community pressured slovenia and croatia to place a three - month [[ moratorium ]] on their independence declarations . during these three months , the yugoslav army completed its pull - out of slovenia , but in croatia , a bloody war broke out in the autumn of 1991 . ethnic serbs , who had created the [[ republic of serbian krajina ]] in heavily serb - populated regions , with the aid of the yugoslav army , fought the forces of the republic of croatia . in september 1991 , the republic of macedonia also declared independence becoming the only former republic to gain sovereignty without resistance from the belgrade based yugoslav authorities . 500 u . s soldiers were then deployed under the u . n banner to monitor macedonia ' s northern borders with the republic of serbia , yugoslavia . macedonia ' s first president , [[ kiro gligorov ]] , maintained good relations with belgrade and the other breakaway republics and there have to date been no problems between macedonian and serbo - montenegrin border police even though small pockets of kosovo and the [[ preševo ]] valley complete the northern reaches of the historical region known as macedonia , which would otherwise create a border dispute if ever macedonian nationalism should resurface ( see [[ imoro ]] ) . as a result of the conflict , the [[ united nations security council ]] unanimously adopted [[ un security council resolution 721 ]] on [[ november 27 ]] , 1991 , which paved the way to the establishment of [[ peacekeeping ]] operations in yugoslavia . [ http : / / www . nato . int / ifor / un / u911127a . htm ] in [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] in november 1991 , the bosnian serbs held a referendum which resulted in an overwhelming vote in favour of staying in a common state with [[ serbia ]] and [[ montenegro ]] . on [[ january 9 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] the bosnian serb assembly proclaimed a separate " republic of the serb people of bosnia and herzegovina " . the referendum and creation of sars were proclaimed [[ unconstitutional ]] by the government of bosnia and herzegovina , and declared illegal and invalid . however , in february - march 1992 the government held a national referendum on bosnian independence from yugoslavia . that referendum was in turn declared contrary to the bih and federal constitution by the federal constitution court and newly established bosnian serb government ; it was largely boycotted by the bosnian serbs . the turnout was somewhere between 64 - 67 % and 98 % of the voters voted for independence . it was unclear what the two - thirds majority requirement actually meant and whether it was satisfied {{ fact }} . the republic ' s government declared its independence on [[ 5 april ]] , and the serbs immediately declared the independence of republika srpska . the [[ bosnian war | war in bosnia ]] followed shortly thereafter . the so - called badinter commission formed by the [[ european community ]] declared in early 1992 that the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia had " dissolved " . various dates are considered as the end of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia : * [[ june 25 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , when croatia and slovenia declared independence * [[ october 8 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , when the [[ july 9 ]] th moratorium on slovenian and croatian secession was ended and croatia restated its independence in croatian parliament ( that day is celebrated as independence day in croatia ) * [[ january 15 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , when slovenia and croatia were internationally recognized * april 28 , 1992 , the formation of fry ( see below ) | = = federal republic of yugoslavia = = [[ image : yugoslaviamap . png | frame | the federal republic of yugoslavia consisted of serbia and montenegro . ]] the [[ | |
| 43281992 | 0 | * [[ january 15 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , when slovenia and croatia were internationally recognized * april 28 , 1992 , the formation of fry ( see below ) | * march 11 , 2005 , the death of slobodan milošević in the hague whilst facing trials for war crimes and crimes against humanity . cause still unknown . | = = federal republic of yugoslavia = = [[ image : yugoslaviamap . png | frame | the federal republic of yugoslavia consisted of serbia and montenegro . ]] the [[ | |
| 43285026 | 0 | * [[ january 15 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , when slovenia and croatia were internationally recognized * april 28 , 1992 , the formation of fry ( see below ) | * march 11 , 2005 , the death of slobodan milošević in the hague whilst facing trials for war crimes and crimes against humanity . cause still unknown . | = = federal republic of yugoslavia = = [[ image : yugoslaviamap . png | frame | the federal republic of yugoslavia consisted of serbia and montenegro . ]] the [[ | |
| 43653211 | 0 | previously been repelled . ( as a result , the launch of [[ operation barbarossa ]] was delayed by four weeks , which proved to be a costly decision . ) | = = the second yugoslavia = = ' ' main article : [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ' ' [[ image : tito . marshall . post - war . j . j . . jpg | thumb | 200px | [[ josip broz tito | marshal tito ]] led yugoslavia from the end of [[ world war ii ]] until his death in 1980 . ]] on [[ january 31 ]] , [[ 1946 ]] the new [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution ]] of [[ federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ]] , modeling the [[ soviet union ]] , established six constituent republics and two autonomous provinces . the republics were : * [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] * [[ croatia ]] * [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] * [[ montenegro ]] * [[ serbia ]] * [[ slovenia ]] and within serbia ' s new reduced borders , the people of the following two regions were granted limited autonomous rights : * [[ vojvodina ]] * [[ kosovo ]] in 1974 , the two provinces of vojvodina and kosovo as well as the republics of bosnia & herzegovina and montenegro were granted greater autonomy to the point that albanian and hungarian became nationally recognised minority languages and the serbo - croat of bosnia and montenegro altered to a form based on the speech of the local people and not on the standards of zagreb and belgrade . [[ vojvodina ]] and [[ kosovo ]] form a part of the republic of [[ serbia ]] . the country distanced itself from the soviets in 1948 ( cf . [[ cominform ]] and [[ informbiro ]] ) and started to build its own way to [[ socialism ]] under strong political leadership of [[ josip broz tito ]] . the country criticized both [[ eastern bloc | eastern bloc ]] and [[ nato ]] nations and , together with other countries , started the [[ non - aligned movement ]] in 1961 , which remained the official affiliation of the country until it dissolved . on [[ april 7 ]] , [[ 1963 ]] the nation changed its official name to [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] and [[ josip broz tito | tito ]] was named [[ president for life ]] . in sfry , each republic and province had its own internal constitution , supreme court , parliament , president and prime minister . at the top of the yugoslav government was tito as president ( a collective presidency was formed after tito ' s death in 1980 ) , the federal prime minister , and the federal parliament . an important role was one of the president of the [[ communist party of yugoslavia ]] for each republic and province , and the president of presidency of central committee of the communist party . josip broz tito was the most powerful person in the country , and after him there were republic and province premiers and presidents , plus communist party presidents . people whom he did not favor varied greatly . slobodan penezić krcun served under tito as chief of secret police in serbia and then after he started to complain about tito ' s politics , he was victim of a dubious traffic incident . minister of the interior aleksandar ranković lost all of his titles and rights after a major disagreement with tito regarding state politics . sometimes ministers in government were more important than the premier , such as in the case of [[ edvard kardelj ]] or [[ stane dolanc ]] . the suppression of national identities escalated with the so - called [[ croatian spring ]] of 1970 - 71 , when students in zagreb organized demonstrations for greater civil liberties and greater croatian autonomy . the regime stifled the public protest and incarcerated the leaders , but many key croatian representatives in the party silently supported this cause , so a new [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution ]] was ratified in 1974 that gave more rights to the individual republics and provinces . according to this constitution , individual republics had a right for self - determination , up to secession , which made later break - up easier . = = = breakup = = = after tito ' s death in 1980 , ethnic tensions grew in yugoslavia . some members of the [[ serbian academy of sciences and arts ]] drafted a memorandum in 1986 that opposed the policy of the federation and promoted serbian nationalism in response to the perceived weak position of serbia in the federation . the [[ albanians | ethnic albanian ]] miners in [[ kosovo ]] organized strikes which dovetailed into ethnic conflict between the albanians and the non - albanians in the province . at 90 % of the population of kosovo in the 1980 ' s , ethnic - albanians were the majority . the number of slavs in kosovo ( mainly serbs ) was falling fast and by 1999 they formed as little as 10 % of the two million population . serbian [[ communist ]] leader [[ slobodan milošević ]] , the new strong man of yugoslavia , tried to play on the revived serb nationalism , but ended up alienating all the other ethnic groups in the federation . autonomy of [[ vojvodina ]] and of [[ kosovo | kosovo and metohija ]] was reduced , though both entities retained a vote in the yugoslav presidency council . as a result , milošević in effect now controlled three of the eight votes in the presidency . [[ image : smilo . jpg | frame | left | [[ slobodan milošević ]] ]] meanwhile [[ slovenia ]] , under the presidency of [[ milan kucan ]] had since 1986 been following a course of democratisation and economic liberalisation , which put it on a collision course with milošević ' policies . [[ croatia ]] later followed suit . in january 1990 , the extraordinary 14th congress of the [[ league of communists of yugoslavia ]] was convened . the serbian delegation , led by milošević , insisted on the reversal of 1974 constitution policy that empowered the republics and rather wanted to introduce a policy of " one person , one vote " , which would empower the majority population , the serbs . the slovenian and croatian delegations ( led by [[ milan kučan ]] and [[ ivica račan ]] , respectively ) , favored democratisation and economic liberalization , but were voted down . as a result , the slovene and croatian delegations left the congress , and the all - yugoslav communist party was dissolved . following the fall of the soviet union in the rest of [[ eastern europe ]] , each of the republics held multi - party elections in 1990 . the unresolved issues remained . in particular , slovenia and croatia elected governments oriented towards independence ( under [[ milan kučan ]] and [[ franjo tuđman ]] , respectively ) , while serbia and montenegro elected candidates who favoured yugoslav unity . in march 1990 , the [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] ( jugoslavenska narodna armija , jna ) met with the presidency of yugoslavia ( an eight member council composed of representatives from six republics and two autonomous provinces ) in an attempt to get them to declare a [[ state of emergency ]] which would allow for the army to take control of the country . the representatives of serbia , montenegro , kosovo - metohija , and vojvodina voted for the decision , while croatia ( [[ stjepan mesić | stipe mesić ]] ) , slovenia ( [[ janez drnovšek ]] ) , macedonia ( [[ vasil tupurkovski ]] ) and bosnia - hercegovina ( [[ bogić bogićević ]] ) voted against . the tie delayed an escalation of conflicts , but not for long . following the first multi - party election results , the republics of slovenia and croatia proposed transforming yugoslavia into a loose confederation of six republics in the autumn of 1990 , however [[ slobodan milošević | milošević ]] rejected all such proposals , arguing that all serbs should live in the same country . on [[ march 9 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] demonstrations were held against slobodan milošević in [[ belgrade ]] , but the police and the military were deployed in the streets in order to restore order , killing two people . in late march , 1991 , the [[ plitvice bloody easter ]] incident was one of the first sparks of open war in croatia . the [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] maintained an impression of being neutral , but as time went on , it was becoming more and more involved in state politics . on june 25 , 1991 , slovenia and croatia became the first republics to declare independence from yugoslavia . in slovenia , the yugoslav people ' s army took armed action , leading to a ten - day war , marking the beginning of the bloody [[ yugoslav wars ]] . at the end of the ten days , the yugoslav army was defeated , and pulled out of slovenia . in the [[ brioni agreement ]] , agreed upon by representatives of all republics , the international community pressured slovenia and croatia to place a three - month [[ moratorium ]] on their independence declarations . during these three months , the yugoslav army completed its pull - out of slovenia , but in croatia , a bloody war broke out in the autumn of 1991 . ethnic serbs , who had created the [[ republic of serbian krajina ]] in heavily serb - populated regions fought the forces of the republic of croatia with the aid of the yugoslav army . in september 1991 , the republic of macedonia also declared independence becoming the only former republic to gain sovereignty without resistance from the belgrade based yugoslav authorities . 500 u . s soldiers were then deployed under the u . n . banner to monitor macedonia ' s northern borders with the republic of serbia , yugoslavia . macedonia ' s first president , [[ kiro gligorov ]] , maintained good relations with belgrade and the other breakaway republics and there have to date been no problems between macedonian and serbo - montenegrin border police even though small pockets of kosovo and the [[ preševo ]] valley complete the northern reaches of the historical region known as macedonia , which would otherwise create a border dispute if ever macedonian nationalism should resurface ( see [[ imoro ]] ) . as a result of the conflict , the [[ united nations security council ]] unanimously adopted [[ un security council resolution 721 ]] on [[ november 27 ]] , 1991 , which paved the way to the establishment of [[ peacekeeping ]] operations in yugoslavia . [ http : / / www . nato . int / ifor / un / u911127a . htm ] in [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] in november 1991 , the bosnian serbs held a referendum which resulted in an overwhelming vote in favour of staying in a common state with [[ serbia ]] and [[ montenegro ]] . on [[ january 9 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] the bosnian serb assembly proclaimed a separate " republic of the serb people of bosnia and herzegovina " . the referendum and creation of sars were proclaimed [[ unconstitutional ]] by the government of bosnia and herzegovina , and declared illegal and invalid . however , in february - march 1992 the government held a national referendum on bosnian independence from yugoslavia . that referendum was in turn declared contrary to the bih and federal constitution by the federal constitution court and newly established bosnian serb government ; it was largely boycotted by the bosnian serbs . the turnout was somewhere between 64 - 67 % and 98 % of the voters voted for independence . it was unclear what the two - thirds majority requirement actually meant and whether it was satisfied {{ fact }} . the republic ' s government declared its independence on [[ 5 april ]] , and since that decision was made without the consent of all three nations living in bosnia ( the votes of serbs were ignored , though such decision should be supported by all bosnian nations ) , the serbs immediately declared the independence of republika srpska to protect their rights . the [[ bosnian war | war in bosnia ]] followed shortly thereafter . the so - called badinter commission formed by the [[ european community ]] declared in early 1992 that the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia had " dissolved " . various dates are considered as the end of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia : * [[ june 25 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , when croatia and slovenia declared independence * [[ october 8 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , when the [[ july 9 ]] th moratorium on slovenian and croatian secession was ended and croatia restated its independence in croatian parliament ( that day is celebrated as independence day in croatia ) * [[ january 15 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , when slovenia and croatia were internationally recognized * april 28 , 1992 , the formation of fry ( see below ) | = = federal republic of yugoslavia = = [[ image : yugoslaviamap . png | frame | the federal republic of yugoslavia consisted of serbia and montenegro . ]] the [[ | |
| 43653311 | 1 | previously been repelled . ( as a result , the launch of [[ operation barbarossa ]] was delayed by four weeks , which proved to be a costly decision . ) | = = yugoslavia during the second world war = = at 05 : 15 on [[ april 6 ]] [[ 1941 ]] , [[ nazi germany | german ]] , [[ italy | italian ]] , [[ hungary | hungarian ]] , and [[ bulgaria ]] n forces attacked yugoslavia . the [[ luftwaffe ]] bombed [[ belgrade ]] and other major yugoslav cities . on [[ april 17 ]] , representatives of yugoslavia ' s various regions signed an armistice with germany at belgrade , ending eleven days of resistance against the invading german wehrmacht . more than three hundred thousand yugoslav officers and soldiers were taken prisoner . [[ image : jasenovac1 . jpg | thumb | in the [[ independent state of croatia ]] , serbs , jews and gypsies were marched to the [[ jasenovac concentration camp ]] ]] the [[ axis powers ]] occupied yugoslavia and split it up . the [[ independent state of croatia ]] was established as a nazi puppet - state , ruled by the catholic fascist militia known as the [[ ustaše ]] which actually came into existence in 1929 , but was relatively limited in its activities until 1941 . german troops occupied bosnia and herzegovina as well as part of [[ serbia ]] and [[ slovenia ]] , while other parts of the country were occupied by [[ bulgaria ]] , [[ hungary ]] and [[ italy ]] . yugoslavs opposing the [[ nazi ]] s organized resistance movements . those inclined towards supporting the old kingdom of yugoslavia joined the [[ chetniks ]] , a mostly serb - composed nationalistic royalist guerilla led by colonel [[ draža mihajlović ]] . those inclined towards supporting the [[ communist party of yugoslavia | communist party ]] ( and against the king ) joined the [[ partisans ( yugoslavia ) | yugoslav national liberation army ]] , led by [[ josip broz tito ]] , a [[ croats | croat ]] - [[ slovenian people | slovenian ]] member of the [[ communist party of yugoslavia ]] . the nla initiated a [[ guerrilla warfare | guerrilla ]] campaign which was developed into the largest resistance army in occupied western and central europe . the chetniks initially made notable incursions and were supported by the exiled royal government as well as the [[ allies ]] , but soon started to [[ collaboration | collaborate ]] with [[ axis powers ]] against nla . after the allies realised that the chetniks were helping the germans they ceased to support them . the german response to the resistance movement was to punish the civilian population by carrying out reprisal killings and by giving a free hand to the quisling forces of the [[ independent state of croatia ]] . italian occupying forces also committed many atrocities ( cf . [[ italian war crimes ]] ) . this led to great civilian loss of life in most regions of yugoslavia . the estimated [[ demography | demographic ]] loss was 1 , 700 , 000 individuals or 10 % of the population of yugoslavia . very high losses were among serbs of bosnia and croatia , and members of [[ aryan | non - aryan ]] ( according to the german racist theory : [[ jew | jews ]] , [[ roma people | gypsies ]] ) minorities , high also among all other non - [[ collaboration | collaborating ]] population . during the war , the [[ communism | communist ]] - led [[ partisans ( yugoslavia ) | partisans ]] were ' ' de facto ' ' rulers on the liberated territories , and the nla organized [[ people ' s committee ]] s to act as civilian government . in autumn of 1941 , the partisans established the [[ republic of užice ]] in the liberated territory of western [[ serbia ]] . in november 1941 , the [[ germany | german ]] troops occupied this territory again , while the majority of partisan forces escaped towards bosnia . on [[ november 25 ]] , [[ 1942 ]] , the [[ avnoj | anti - fascist council of national liberation of yugoslavia ]] was convened in [[ bihać ]] . the council reconvened on [[ november 29 ]] , [[ 1943 ]] in [[ jajce ]] and established the basis for post - war organisation of the country , establishing a federation ( this date was celebrated as republic day after the war ) . the nla was able to expel the axis from serbia in 1944 and the rest of yugoslavia in 1945 . the [[ red army ]] aided in liberating [[ belgrade ]] as well as some other territories , but withdrew after the war was over . in may 1945 , nla met with allied forces outside former yugoslav borders , after taking over also [[ trieste ]] and parts of [[ austria | austrian ]] southern provinces [[ styria ]] and [[ carinthia ]] . this was the territory populated predominantly by [[ slovenians ]] ( and [[ croats ]] in [[ istria ]] ) . however , the nla withdrew from trieste in june of the same year . westerner attempts to reunite the partisans , who denied supremacy of the old government of the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , and the emigration loyal to the king , led to the [[ tito - šubašić agreement ]] in june 1944 , however tito was seen as a national hero by the citizens and so he gained the power in post - war independent [[ communism | communist ]] state , starting as a [[ prime minister ]] . = = the second yugoslavia = = ' ' main article : [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ' ' [[ image : tito . marshall . post - war . j . j . . jpg | thumb | 200px | [[ josip broz tito | marshal tito ]] led yugoslavia from the end of [[ world war ii ]] until his death in 1980 . ]] on [[ january 31 ]] , [[ 1946 ]] the new [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution ]] of [[ federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ]] , modeling the [[ soviet union ]] , established six constituent republics and two autonomous provinces . the republics were : * [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] * [[ croatia ]] * [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] * [[ montenegro ]] * [[ serbia ]] * [[ slovenia ]] and within serbia ' s new reduced borders , the people of the following two regions were granted limited autonomous rights : * [[ vojvodina ]] * [[ kosovo ]] in 1974 , the two provinces of vojvodina and kosovo as well as the republics of bosnia & herzegovina and montenegro were granted greater autonomy to the point that albanian and hungarian became nationally recognised minority languages and the serbo - croat of bosnia and montenegro altered to a form based on the speech of the local people and not on the standards of zagreb and belgrade . [[ vojvodina ]] and [[ kosovo ]] form a part of the republic of [[ serbia ]] . the country distanced itself from the soviets in 1948 ( cf . [[ cominform ]] and [[ informbiro ]] ) and started to build its own way to [[ socialism ]] under strong political leadership of [[ josip broz tito ]] . the country criticized both [[ eastern bloc | eastern bloc ]] and [[ nato ]] nations and , together with other countries , started the [[ non - aligned movement ]] in 1961 , which remained the official affiliation of the country until it dissolved . on [[ april 7 ]] , [[ 1963 ]] the nation changed its official name to [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] and [[ josip broz tito | tito ]] was named [[ president for life ]] . in sfry , each republic and province had its own internal constitution , supreme court , parliament , president and prime minister . at the top of the yugoslav government was tito as president ( a collective presidency was formed after tito ' s death in 1980 ) , the federal prime minister , and the federal parliament . an important role was one of the president of the [[ communist party of yugoslavia ]] for each republic and province , and the president of presidency of central committee of the communist party . josip broz tito was the most powerful person in the country , and after him there were republic and province premiers and presidents , plus communist party presidents . people whom he did not favor varied greatly . slobodan penezić krcun served under tito as chief of secret police in serbia and then after he started to complain about tito ' s politics , he was victim of a dubious traffic incident . minister of the interior aleksandar ranković lost all of his titles and rights after a major disagreement with tito regarding state politics . sometimes ministers in government were more important than the premier , such as in the case of [[ edvard kardelj ]] or [[ stane dolanc ]] . the suppression of national identities escalated with the so - called [[ croatian spring ]] of 1970 - 71 , when students in zagreb organized demonstrations for greater civil liberties and greater croatian autonomy . the regime stifled the public protest and incarcerated the leaders , but many key croatian representatives in the party silently supported this cause , so a new [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution ]] was ratified in 1974 that gave more rights to the individual republics and provinces . according to this constitution , individual republics had a right for self - determination , up to secession , which made later break - up easier . = = = breakup = = = after tito ' s death in 1980 , ethnic tensions grew in yugoslavia . some members of the [[ serbian academy of sciences and arts ]] drafted a memorandum in 1986 that opposed the policy of the federation and promoted serbian nationalism in response to the perceived weak position of serbia in the federation . the [[ albanians | ethnic albanian ]] miners in [[ kosovo ]] organized strikes which dovetailed into ethnic conflict between the albanians and the non - albanians in the province . at 90 % of the population of kosovo in the 1980 ' s , ethnic - albanians were the majority . the number of slavs in kosovo ( mainly serbs ) was falling fast and by 1999 they formed as little as 10 % of the two million population . serbian [[ communist ]] leader [[ slobodan milošević ]] , the new strong man of yugoslavia , tried to play on the revived serb nationalism , but ended up alienating all the other ethnic groups in the federation . autonomy of [[ vojvodina ]] and of [[ kosovo | kosovo and metohija ]] was reduced , though both entities retained a vote in the yugoslav presidency council . as a result , milošević in effect now controlled three of the eight votes in the presidency . [[ image : smilo . jpg | frame | left | [[ slobodan milošević ]] ]] meanwhile [[ slovenia ]] , under the presidency of [[ milan kucan ]] had since 1986 been following a course of democratisation and economic liberalisation , which put it on a collision course with milošević ' policies . [[ croatia ]] later followed suit . in january 1990 , the extraordinary 14th congress of the [[ league of communists of yugoslavia ]] was convened . the serbian delegation , led by milošević , insisted on the reversal of 1974 constitution policy that empowered the republics and rather wanted to introduce a policy of " one person , one vote " , which would empower the majority population , the serbs . the slovenian and croatian delegations ( led by [[ milan kučan ]] and [[ ivica račan ]] , respectively ) , favored democratisation and economic liberalization , but were voted down . as a result , the slovene and croatian delegations left the congress , and the all - yugoslav communist party was dissolved . following the fall of the soviet union in the rest of [[ eastern europe ]] , each of the republics held multi - party elections in 1990 . the unresolved issues remained . in particular , slovenia and croatia elected governments oriented towards independence ( under [[ milan kučan ]] and [[ franjo tuđman ]] , respectively ) , while serbia and montenegro elected candidates who favoured yugoslav unity . in march 1990 , the [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] ( jugoslavenska narodna armija , jna ) met with the presidency of yugoslavia ( an eight member council composed of representatives from six republics and two autonomous provinces ) in an attempt to get them to declare a [[ state of emergency ]] which would allow for the army to take control of the country . the representatives of serbia , montenegro , kosovo - metohija , and vojvodina voted for the decision , while croatia ( [[ stjepan mesić | stipe mesić ]] ) , slovenia ( [[ janez drnovšek ]] ) , macedonia ( [[ vasil tupurkovski ]] ) and bosnia - hercegovina ( [[ bogić bogićević ]] ) voted against . the tie delayed an escalation of conflicts , but not for long . following the first multi - party election results , the republics of slovenia and croatia proposed transforming yugoslavia into a loose confederation of six republics in the autumn of 1990 , however [[ slobodan milošević | milošević ]] rejected all such proposals , arguing that all serbs should live in the same country . on [[ march 9 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] demonstrations were held against slobodan milošević in [[ belgrade ]] , but the police and the military were deployed in the streets in order to restore order , killing two people . in late march , 1991 , the [[ plitvice bloody easter ]] incident was one of the first sparks of open war in croatia . the [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] maintained an impression of being neutral , but as time went on , it was becoming more and more involved in state politics . on june 25 , 1991 , slovenia and croatia became the first republics to declare independence from yugoslavia . in slovenia , the yugoslav people ' s army took armed action , leading to a ten - day war , marking the beginning of the bloody [[ yugoslav wars ]] . at the end of the ten days , the yugoslav army was defeated , and pulled out of slovenia . in the [[ brioni agreement ]] , agreed upon by representatives of all republics , the international community pressured slovenia and croatia to place a three - month [[ moratorium ]] on their independence declarations . during these three months , the yugoslav army completed its pull - out of slovenia , but in croatia , a bloody war broke out in the autumn of 1991 . ethnic serbs , who had created the [[ republic of serbian krajina ]] in heavily serb - populated regions fought the forces of the republic of croatia with the aid of the yugoslav army . in september 1991 , the republic of macedonia also declared independence becoming the only former republic to gain sovereignty without resistance from the belgrade based yugoslav authorities . 500 u . s soldiers were then deployed under the u . n . banner to monitor macedonia ' s northern borders with the republic of serbia , yugoslavia . macedonia ' s first president , [[ kiro gligorov ]] , maintained good relations with belgrade and the other breakaway republics and there have to date been no problems between macedonian and serbo - montenegrin border police even though small pockets of kosovo and the [[ preševo ]] valley complete the northern reaches of the historical region known as macedonia , which would otherwise create a border dispute if ever macedonian nationalism should resurface ( see [[ imoro ]] ) . as a result of the conflict , the [[ united nations security council ]] unanimously adopted [[ un security council resolution 721 ]] on [[ november 27 ]] , 1991 , which paved the way to the establishment of [[ peacekeeping ]] operations in yugoslavia . [ http : / / www . nato . int / ifor / un / u911127a . htm ] in [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] in november 1991 , the bosnian serbs held a referendum which resulted in an overwhelming vote in favour of staying in a common state with [[ serbia ]] and [[ montenegro ]] . on [[ january 9 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] the bosnian serb assembly proclaimed a separate " republic of the serb people of bosnia and herzegovina " . the referendum and creation of sars were proclaimed [[ unconstitutional ]] by the government of bosnia and herzegovina , and declared illegal and invalid . however , in february - march 1992 the government held a national referendum on bosnian independence from yugoslavia . that referendum was in turn declared contrary to the bih and federal constitution by the federal constitution court and newly established bosnian serb government ; it was largely boycotted by the bosnian serbs . the turnout was somewhere between 64 - 67 % and 98 % of the voters voted for independence . it was unclear what the two - thirds majority requirement actually meant and whether it was satisfied {{ fact }} . the republic ' s government declared its independence on [[ 5 april ]] , and since that decision was made without the consent of all three nations living in bosnia ( the votes of serbs were ignored , though such decision should be supported by all bosnian nations ) , the serbs immediately declared the independence of republika srpska to protect their rights . the [[ bosnian war | war in bosnia ]] followed shortly thereafter . the so - called badinter commission formed by the [[ european community ]] declared in early 1992 that the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia had " dissolved " . various dates are considered as the end of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia : * [[ june 25 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , when croatia and slovenia declared independence * [[ october 8 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , when the [[ july 9 ]] th moratorium on slovenian and croatian secession was ended and croatia restated its independence in croatian parliament ( that day is celebrated as independence day in croatia ) * [[ january 15 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , when slovenia and croatia were internationally recognized * april 28 , 1992 , the formation of fry ( see below ) | = = federal republic of yugoslavia = = [[ image : yugoslaviamap . png | frame | the federal republic of yugoslavia consisted of serbia and montenegro . ]] the [[ | |
| 44309697 | 2 | , [[ croatia ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] and [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] - had seceded . * the third was called ' ' ' [[ | serbia and montenegro | | federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( fry ) ' ' ' and was formed in 1992 on the territory of the remaining republics of [[ serbia ]] ( including the autonomous | |
| 45951689 | 0 | * [[ january 15 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , when slovenia and croatia were internationally recognized * april 28 , 1992 , the formation of fry ( see below ) | i like dick | = = federal republic of yugoslavia = = [[ image : yugoslaviamap . png | frame | the federal republic of yugoslavia consisted of serbia and montenegro . ]] the [[ | |
| 46021189 | 2 | * [[ january 15 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , when slovenia and croatia were internationally recognized * april 28 , 1992 , the formation of fry ( see below ) | i like dick | = = federal republic of yugoslavia = = [[ image : yugoslaviamap . png | frame | the federal republic of yugoslavia consisted of serbia and montenegro . ]] the [[ | |
| 49154099 | 0 | yugoslavia ( dfy ) ' ' , which in [[ 1946 ]] became the ' ' federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ( fpry ) ' ' and then the | ' ' ' | [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] . * the third was called ' ' ' [[ serbia and montenegro | federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( fry ) ' ' | |
| 59611366 | 7 | federation of yugoslavia ( dfy ) , which in [[ 1946 ]] became the federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ( fpry ) and then the ' ' ' [[ | socialist | federal republic of yugoslavia ]] . ' ' ' * the third was called ' ' ' [[ serbia and montenegro | federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( fry ) ' | |
| 66041577 | 1 | and herzegovina ’ s independence by the united states and most european countries * [[ april 28 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , the formation of fry ( see below ) | ö | = = federal republic of yugoslavia = = [[ image : yugoslaviamap . png | thumb | 200px | the federal republic of yugoslavia consisted of serbia and montenegro . ]] | |
| 66043842 | 1 | and herzegovina ’ s independence by the united states and most european countries * [[ april 28 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , the formation of fry ( see below ) | ö | = = federal republic of yugoslavia = = [[ image : yugoslaviamap . png | thumb | 200px | the federal republic of yugoslavia consisted of serbia and montenegro . ]] | |
| 68011126 | 0 | by the [[ axis powers ]] . capitulating only 11 days later , it ceased to exist on [[ april 17 ]] , [[ 1941 ]] . the ' ' ' | second yugoslavia ' ' ' was a [[ socialist state ]] established immediately after [[ world war ii ]] in [[ november 29 ]] [[ 1945 ]] as the succesor state to the kingdom of yugoslavia . it existed under various names . proclaimed as the ' ' democratic federation of yugoslavia ( dfy ) ' ' in [[ 1943 ]] it changed its name to the ' ' federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ( fpry ) ' ' in [[ 1946 ]] . in [[ 1963 ]] it would again change its name to the ' ' ' | [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' ( sfry ) was a [[ socialist state ]] established immediately after [[ world war ii ]] in [[ november 29 | |
| 83862003 | 23 | ' ' federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ( fpry ) ' ' in [[ 1946 ]] . in [[ 1963 ]] it would again change its name to the | ' ' ' | " | [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' ( sfry ) and would exist under this name until its death following the [[ yugoslav wars ]] . the declaration |
| 50 | [[ yugoslav wars ]] . the declaration of independence and secession by most of the constituent republics of sfry led to the formation of a federation named the ' ' ' | [[ | federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' ( fry ) in 1992 on the territory of the two remaining republics of [[ serbia ]] ( including the autonomous provinces of | ||
| 84665400 | 1 | }} {{ legend | # 8080ff | federation of bosnia and herzegovina }} {{ legend | # ff80ff | republika srpska }} {{ legend | # 00fe00 | brčko district }} | {{ legend | # c00000 | kosovo }} {{ legend | # d3ae3b | montenegro }} ]] after tito ' s death on [[ may 4th ]] [[ 1980 ]] , [[ ethnic group | ethnic ]] [[ tension ]] s grew in yugoslavia , bolstered by open support from a number of western countries , listed in the next paragraphs . they all used the legacy of the [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution of 1974 ]] to throw the system of decision - making into a state of paralysis , all the more hopeless as the conflict of interests , fueled and icited by external supporters of the break - up between the republics , had become irreconcilable . the constitutional crisis that inevitably followed played in favour of slovenia and croatia and their strongly expressed demands for looser ties within federation . the collapse of yugoslavia was the result of both internal and external factors . assigning comparative weight to the external as against the internal factors in the generalised crisis that shook yugoslavia in [[ 1990 ]] - [[ 1991 ]] is definitely a very simple matter . without understanding the roles of the western powers in helping to produce and channel the crisis , it is difficult to understand the disintegration of yugoslavia . the fundamental cause of the yugoslav collapse was not an economic crisis . this was barely a pretext used by social groups in yugoslavia and their tutors in the west to undermine the collectivised core of the economy and push yugoslavia towards a " capitalist restoration " which inevitably led to disastrous war and hundreds of thousands of innocent people being murdered in order to save the face of dying and collapsing capitalism . many [[ europe | european ]] governments had their interests and wanted the break - up of yugoslavia , something not true in the case of any other part of [[ eastern europe | east ]] [[ central europe | central ]] [[ europe ]] at that time . their pressure thus combined with the general western drive for capitalism to speed the break - up during 1989 - 90 . on one side were a number of european states eager to gain " independence " for [[ slovenia ]] and [[ croatia ]] ; on the other side was the [[ united states ]] , eager only to ensure that yugoslavia paid its debts to western banks and " globalised " its political economy through " shock therapy " in order to ensure a regime in the country open for the western multinationals . whether decimated or not . the forces eager to see the break - up of yugoslavia through independence for slovenia and croatia were the [[ holy see | vatican ]] , [[ austria ]] , [[ hungary ]] , [[ germany ]] , us , more ambivalently , [[ italy ]] which had its own crisis of identity and looked at speeding up " democratic processes " as a way of diverting similar sentiments in northern italy , through graphic pictures of the drama unfolding in the neighbouring jugoslavia , england , holland , albania and even such distant countries as australia , saudi arab emirates , libia , and al - qaida ' s afghan - tested mujaheedins , trained by the cia . . since the mid - 1980s , the vatican and austria had started an active campaign in east central and eastern europe to rebuild their influence there and by 1989 - 90 the vatican was openly championing independence for slovenia and croatia . {{ fact }} the real goal of austrian policy was to expand austria ' s regional influence since it " ' ' saw the yugoslav crisis as an auspicious moment for self - assertion ' ' " . in the summer of 1991 the [[ european council ]] was finally prompted to warn austria that if it continued its energetic efforts to break up yugoslavia it would be excluded from eventual ec membership but even that threat did not stop austrian efforts . the [[ hungary | hungarian ]] government of [[ józsef antall ]] , elected in the spring of 1990 , adopted a policy very much in line with that of austria , but with additional hungarian goals [[ vis - à - vis ]] serbia ' s [[ vojvodina ]] province . {{ fact }} these manoeuvres by austria and hungary to break up yugoslavia were , of course , then overshadowed by the [[ germany | german ]] government ' s drive to derecognise yugoslavia through giving recognition to slovenia and croatia . the german government ' s open championing of yugoslavia ' s break - up did not occur until the late spring of 1991 , but long before that both slovenia and croatia were getting encouragement from [[ bonn ]] for their efforts . germany was only happy to help disappearance of the country it still owed almost hundred billions of us dollars in the name of wwii reparations . it was the money that helped germany to be born twice . first , when jugoslav president tito offered germany to repay the debt when it recovers from the repaying other countries , and then when germans realised that if jugoslavia disappears , germany could finance , otherwise disastrous , re - unification with east germany . if jugoslavia did not breakup , germany would not have been able to finance its own re - union . there was thus a focused and co - ordinated coalition involving austria , germany , hungary and the vatican all pushing for the same goal : yugoslavia ' s break up . {{ fact }} this campaign on the surface , was not supported by the united states , which championed yugoslav unity as did [[ britain ]] and [[ france ]] . but for the us unity was not the main thing : its policy was principally governed by its concern to ensure the imposition of " shock therapy " on the country as a whole via the imf . as they always did , they kept the posture of trying to help , when in the background , through their vasals , us was pushing hard for the breakup , looking greedily at real estate and strategic positions around the country , along the long ago proposed highway to turkey . the only european states which did have a strategic interest in the yugoslav theatre tended to want to break it up . it would be wrong , of course , to suggest that there were no other , specifically yugoslav , structural flaws which helped to generate the collapse . many so - called " experts " would argue that the decentralised market socialism was a disastrous experiment for a state in yugoslavia ' s geopolitical situation . nothing could have been further from the truth , as the stellar growth and rapid industrialisation have demonstrated . so external enemies had to play through the system in order to destabilise the country and make it look like it was crumbling under its own problems . economy and the political system , being socialist one , were the great excuses for imperialist capitalism . the [[ 1974 ]] constitution , though better for the [[ kosovo | kosovar ]] [[ albanians ]] , gave too much to the republics , crippling the institutional and material power of the federal government . [[ josip broz tito | tito ]] ' s authority substituted for this weakness until his death in 1980 , after which the state and communist party became increasingly paralyzed and thrown into crisis . in 1990 - 1991 , then , yugoslavia was in the grip of a dynamic towards break - up despite the fact that the overwhelming majority of its population did not favour such a course . in 1986 , the [[ serbian academy of sciences and arts ]] drafted a memorandum addressing some burning issues concerning position of [[ serbs ]] as the most numerous people in yugoslavia . although the largest yugoslav republic in territory and population , serbia had been dispossessed of its attributes of statehood by the new 1974 constitution . because its two autonomous provinces had de facto prerogatives of full - fledged republics , serbia found that its hands were tied , for the republican government could not take nor carry out decisions that would apply to the provinces . since the provinces had a vote in the federal presidency council , they even entered into coalition with other republics , thus outvoting serbia . serbia ' s political impotence made it possible for others to exert pressure on 2 million serbs ( 20 % of total serbian population ) living outside serbia . [[ image : smilo . jpg | thumb | [[ slobodan milošević ]] ]] serbian [[ communist ]] leader [[ slobodan milošević ]] sought to restore pre - 1974 serbian sovereignty , which republics of slovenia and croatia denounced as the revival of great serbian [[ hegemony | hegemonism ]] . autonomy of [[ vojvodina ]] and of [[ kosovo | kosovo and metohija ]] was reduced , though both entities retained a vote in the yugoslav presidency council . as a result , the [[ albanians | ethnic albanian ]] miners in [[ kosovo ]] organized strikes , which dovetailed into ethnic conflict between the albanians and the non - albanians in the province . at 77 % of the population of kosovo in the 1980 ' s , < ref > [[ demographic history of kosovo # 1968 - 1989 : autonomy ]] < / ref > ethnic - albanians were the majority . the number of [[ slavs ]] in kosovo ( mainly serbs ) was falling fast due to ever increasing violence of albanians against serbian population , and by [[ 1999 ]] they formed as little as 10 % of the total population . far cry from the days when it was the other way around , not even hundred years ago . meanwhile [[ slovenia ]] , under the presidency of [[ milan kučan ]] , along with [[ croatia ]] openly supported albanian miners {{ fact }} , and initial strikes turned into widespread demonstrations demanding kosovo republic . this angered serbia ' s leadership who proceeded to use police to restrain the violence . as police was insufficient force , the [[ yugoslav people ' s army | federal army ]] was rightly ordered by the yugoslav presidency to restore order . in january 1990 , the extraordinary 14th congress of the [[ league of communists of yugoslavia ]] was convened . for the most time , the slovenian and serbian delegations were arguing over the future of the league of communists and yugoslavia . the serbian delegation , led by milošević , insisted on a policy of " ' ' one person , one vote ' ' " , which would empower the majority population , the [[ serbs ]] . in turn , the slovenians , supported by croatians , sought to reform yugoslavia as to devolve power even more to republics , but were voted down . as a result , the slovenian , and eventually croatian delegation left the congress , and the all - yugoslav communist party was dissolved . following the fall of [[ communism ]] in the rest of [[ eastern europe ]] , each of the republics held multi - party elections in 1990 . the unresolved issues remained . in particular , slovenia and croatia elected governments oriented towards independence ( under [[ milan kučan ]] and [[ franjo tuđman ]] , respectively ) , while [[ serbia ]] and [[ montenegro ]] elected candidates who favoured yugoslav unity . in croatia there was growing advocacy of " ' ' croatian state and historical rights ' ' " , the serbs were stripped of their [[ nation | national ]] and [[ constitution | constitutional ]] rights , thus becoming demoted from a constituent nation of croatia to national minority . following this , the serbs proclaimed the emergence of serbian autonomous areas ( known later as [[ republic of serb krajina ]] ) in croatia . croatia embarked upon illegal importation of arms , mainly from [[ hungary ]] , and were caught red - handed when yugoslav counter intelligence ( ' ' kos , kontra - obavještajna služba ' ' ) showed a [[ špegelj tapes | video of a secret meeting ]] between croatian defence minister martin špegelj and two men . špegelj announced that they were at war with the army and gave instructions about arms smuggling as well as methods of dealing with the yugoslav army ' s officers stationed in croatian cities . in march 1990 , during the demonstrations in [[ split ]] ( croatia ) , a young [[ yugoslavs | yugoslav ]] conscript was pushed off the tank after driving it through people . {{ fact }} also guns were fired from army bases through croatia . elsewhere , tensions were running high . in the same month , the [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] ( ' ' jugoslovenska narodna armija , jna ' ' ) met with the presidency of yugoslavia ( an eight member council composed of representatives from six republics and two autonomous provinces ) in an attempt to get them to declare a [[ state of emergency ]] which would allow for the army to take control of the country . the representatives of [[ serbia ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ kosovo and metohija ]] , and [[ vojvodina ]] voted for the decision , while croatia ( [[ stjepan mesić | stipe mesić ]] ) , slovenia ( [[ janez drnovšek ]] ) , macedonia ( [[ vasil tupurkovski ]] ) and bosnia and hercegovina ( [[ bogić bogićević ]] ) voted against . the tie delayed an escalation of conflicts , but not for long . following the first multi - party election results , the republics of slovenia and croatia , further seeking to provoke the jna into declaring a [[ state of emergency ]] , proposed transforming yugoslavia into a loose [[ confederation ]] of six republics in the autumn of 1990 , however [[ slobodan milošević | milošević ]] rejected all such proposals , arguing that like slovenes and croats , the serbs should also have a right to self - determination . on [[ march 9th ]] , [[ 1991 ]] demonstrations were held against slobodan milošević in [[ belgrade ]] , but the police and the military were deployed in the streets in order to restore order , killing two people . in late march 1991 , the [[ plitvice lakes incident ]] was one of the first sparks of open war in croatia . the [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] ( jna ) maintained an impression of being neutral , but as time went on , it was becoming more and more involved in state politics . on [[ june 25th ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , slovenia and croatia became the first republics to declare illegal [[ independence ]] from yugoslavia . in slovenia , slovenian people ' s defence ( paramilitary force ) seized the yugoslav border posts with austria and italy taking down the [[ flag of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | yugoslav ]] and raising the [[ flag of slovenia | slovenian flag ]] . following day ( [[ june 26 ]] ) , the federal executive council speifically ordered the army to take control of the internationally recognized borders . the [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] forces based in barracks in slovenia and croatia , attempted to carry out the task within next 48 hours . however , due to the misinformation given to the yugoslav army conscripts , and the fact that the majority of them did not wish to engage in a war on their home soil , the slovene territorial defence forces retook most of the posts within several days with only minimal loss of life on both sides . recently the [[ austria ]] n [[ orf ( broadcaster ) | orf tv station ]] showed [[ ten - day war # holmec incident | footage ]] of several young yugoslav soldiers at holmec ( border crossing with austria ) , carrying a white cloth and raising their hands in the air , apparently to surrender to the slovenian territorial defence , before gunfire was heard and the troops were seen falling down . however , none were killed in the incident . ceasefire was agreed on . in the [[ brioni agreement ]] , agreed upon by representatives of all republics , the international community pressured slovenia and croatia to place a three - month [[ moratorium ]] on their illegal independence declarations . during these three months , the yugoslav army completed its pull - out of slovenia , but in croatia , a bloody [[ war in croatia | war ]] broke out in the autumn of 1991 . ethnic [[ serbs ]] , who had created the [[ republic of serbian krajina ]] in heavily serb - populated regions resisted the forces of the republic of croatia who were trying to bring that breakaway region back under croatian jurisdiction . in some places , the yugoslav army acted as a buffer zone , in others it was protecting the serbs from new and illegal croatian army disguised as police force . [[ image : former yugoslavia wartime . png | 300px | thumb | right | war in former yugoslavia ]] [[ image : former yugoslavia 2006 . png | 300px | thumb | right | countries of former yugoslavia ]] in september 1991 , the [[ republic of macedonia ]] also declared independence illegaly , becoming the only former republic to gain sovereignty without resistance from the belgrade based yugoslav authorities . 500 u . s . soldiers were then deployed under the u . n . banner to monitor macedonia ' s northern borders with the republic of serbia , yugoslavia . macedonia ' s first president , [[ kiro gligorov ]] , maintained good relations with belgrade and the other breakaway republics and there have to date been no problems between macedonian and serbian border police even though small pockets of kosovo and the [[ preševo ]] valley complete the northern reaches of the historical region known as macedonia , which would otherwise create a border dispute if ever macedonian nationalism should resurface ( ' ' see [[ internal macedonian revolutionary organization | imoro ]] ' ' ) . as a result of the conflict , the [[ united nations security council ]] unanimously adopted [[ un security council resolution 721 ]] on [[ november 27 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , which paved the way to the establishment of [[ peacekeeping ]] operations in yugoslavia . < ref > {{ cite web | url = http : / / www . nato . int / ifor / un / u911127a . htm | title = resolution 721 | date = [[ 1991 - 09 - 25 ]] | work = n . a . t . o . | accessdate = 2006 - 07 - 21 }} < / ref > in [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] in november 1991 , the bosnian serbs held a referendum which resulted in an overwhelming vote in favour of staying in a common state with [[ serbia ]] and [[ montenegro ]] . on [[ january 9 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] the bosnian serb assembly proclaimed a separate " republic of the serb people of bosnia and herzegovina " . the referendum and creation of sars were proclaimed [[ constitutionality | unconstitutional ]] by the government of bosnia and herzegovina , and declared illegal and invalid . however , in february - march 1992 the government held a national referendum on bosnian independence from yugoslavia . that referendum was in turn declared contrary to the bih and federal constitution by the federal constitution court and newly established bosnian serb government ; it was largely boycotted by the bosnian serbs . the turnout was somewhere between 64 - 67 % and 98 % of the voters voted for independence . it was unclear what the two - thirds majority requirement actually meant and whether it was satisfied {{ fact }} . the republic ' s government declared its independence on [[ 5 april ]] , and since that decision was made without the consent of all three nations living in bosnia ( the votes of serbs were ignored , though such decision should be supported by all bosnian nations ) , the serbs immediately declared the independence of republika srpska to protect their rights . the [[ bosnian war | war in bosnia ]] followed shortly thereafter . the so - called badinter commission formed by the [[ european community ]] triumphantly , to delight of the countries and enemies of jugoslavia that worked so hard towards its destuction , declared in early 1992 that the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia had " dissolved " . = = = = the end of the second yugoslavia = = = = various dates are considered as the end of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia : * [[ june 25 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , when croatia and slovenia declared independence * [[ october 8 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , when the [[ july 9 ]] th moratorium on slovenian and croatian secession was ended and croatia restated its illegal independence in croatian parliament ( that day is celebrated as independence day in croatia ) * [[ january 15 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , when slovenia and croatia were internationally recognized * [[ april 6 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , full recognition of bosnia and herzegovina ’ s independence by the united states and most european countries * [[ april 28 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , the formation of fry ( see below ) | = = federal republic of yugoslavia = = [[ image : yugoslaviamap . png | thumb | 200px | the federal republic of yugoslavia consisted of serbia and montenegro . ]] | |
| 84674003 | 1 | }} {{ legend | # 8080ff | federation of bosnia and herzegovina }} {{ legend | # ff80ff | republika srpska }} {{ legend | # 00fe00 | brčko district }} | {{ legend | # c00000 | kosovo }} {{ legend | # d3ae3b | montenegro }} ]] after tito ' s death on [[ may 4th ]] [[ 1980 ]] , [[ ethnic group | ethnic ]] [[ tension ]] s grew in yugoslavia , bolstered by open support from a number of western countries , listed in the next paragraphs . they all used the legacy of the [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution of 1974 ]] to throw the system of decision - making into a state of paralysis , all the more hopeless as the conflict of interests , fueled and icited by external supporters of the break - up between the republics , had become irreconcilable . the constitutional crisis that inevitably followed played in favour of slovenia and croatia and their strongly expressed demands for looser ties within federation . the collapse of yugoslavia was the result of both internal and external factors . assigning comparative weight to the external as against the internal factors in the generalised crisis that shook yugoslavia in [[ 1990 ]] - [[ 1991 ]] is definitely a very simple matter . without understanding the roles of the western powers in helping to produce and channel the crisis , it is difficult to understand the disintegration of yugoslavia . the fundamental cause of the yugoslav collapse was not an economic crisis . this was barely a pretext used by social groups in yugoslavia and their tutors in the west to undermine the collectivised core of the economy and push yugoslavia towards a " capitalist restoration " which inevitably led to disastrous war and hundreds of thousands of innocent people being murdered in order to save the face of dying and collapsing capitalism . many [[ europe | european ]] governments had their interests and wanted the break - up of yugoslavia , something not true in the case of any other part of [[ eastern europe | east ]] [[ central europe | central ]] [[ europe ]] at that time . their pressure thus combined with the general western drive for capitalism to speed the break - up during 1989 - 90 . on one side were a number of european states eager to gain " independence " for [[ slovenia ]] and [[ croatia ]] ; on the other side was the [[ united states ]] , eager only to ensure that yugoslavia paid its debts to western banks and " globalised " its political economy through " shock therapy " in order to ensure a regime in the country open for the western multinationals . whether decimated or not . the forces eager to see the break - up of yugoslavia through independence for slovenia and croatia were the [[ holy see | vatican ]] , [[ austria ]] , [[ hungary ]] , [[ germany ]] , us , more ambivalently , [[ italy ]] which had its own crisis of identity and looked at speeding up " democratic processes " as a way of diverting similar sentiments in northern italy , through graphic pictures of the drama unfolding in the neighbouring jugoslavia , england , holland , albania and even such distant countries as australia , saudi arab emirates , libia , and al - qaida ' s afghan - tested mujaheedins , trained by the cia . . since the mid - 1980s , the vatican and austria had started an active campaign in east central and eastern europe to rebuild their influence there and by 1989 - 90 the vatican was openly championing independence for slovenia and croatia . {{ fact }} the real goal of austrian policy was to expand austria ' s regional influence since it " ' ' saw the yugoslav crisis as an auspicious moment for self - assertion ' ' " . in the summer of 1991 the [[ european council ]] was finally prompted to warn austria that if it continued its energetic efforts to break up yugoslavia it would be excluded from eventual ec membership but even that threat did not stop austrian efforts . the [[ hungary | hungarian ]] government of [[ józsef antall ]] , elected in the spring of 1990 , adopted a policy very much in line with that of austria , but with additional hungarian goals [[ vis - à - vis ]] serbia ' s [[ vojvodina ]] province . {{ fact }} these manoeuvres by austria and hungary to break up yugoslavia were , of course , then overshadowed by the [[ germany | german ]] government ' s drive to derecognise yugoslavia through giving recognition to slovenia and croatia . the german government ' s open championing of yugoslavia ' s break - up did not occur until the late spring of 1991 , but long before that both slovenia and croatia were getting encouragement from [[ bonn ]] for their efforts . germany was only happy to help disappearance of the country it still owed almost hundred billions of us dollars in the name of wwii reparations . it was the money that helped germany to be born twice . first , when jugoslav president tito offered germany to repay the debt when it recovers from the repaying other countries , and then when germans realised that if jugoslavia disappears , germany could finance , otherwise disastrous , re - unification with east germany . if jugoslavia did not breakup , germany would not have been able to finance its own re - union . there was thus a focused and co - ordinated coalition involving austria , germany , hungary and the vatican all pushing for the same goal : yugoslavia ' s break up . {{ fact }} this campaign on the surface , was not supported by the united states , which championed yugoslav unity as did [[ britain ]] and [[ france ]] . but for the us unity was not the main thing : its policy was principally governed by its concern to ensure the imposition of " shock therapy " on the country as a whole via the imf . as they always did , they kept the posture of trying to help , when in the background , through their vasals , us was pushing hard for the breakup , looking greedily at real estate and strategic positions around the country , along the long ago proposed highway to turkey . the only european states which did have a strategic interest in the yugoslav theatre tended to want to break it up . it would be wrong , of course , to suggest that there were no other , specifically yugoslav , structural flaws which helped to generate the collapse . many so - called " experts " would argue that the decentralised market socialism was a disastrous experiment for a state in yugoslavia ' s geopolitical situation . nothing could have been further from the truth , as the stellar growth and rapid industrialisation have demonstrated . so external enemies had to play through the system in order to destabilise the country and make it look like it was crumbling under its own problems . economy and the political system , being socialist one , were the great excuses for imperialist capitalism . the [[ 1974 ]] constitution , though better for the [[ kosovo | kosovar ]] [[ albanians ]] , gave too much to the republics , crippling the institutional and material power of the federal government . [[ josip broz tito | tito ]] ' s authority substituted for this weakness until his death in 1980 , after which the state and communist party became increasingly paralyzed and thrown into crisis . in 1990 - 1991 , then , yugoslavia was in the grip of a dynamic towards break - up despite the fact that the overwhelming majority of its population did not favour such a course . in 1986 , the [[ serbian academy of sciences and arts ]] drafted a memorandum addressing some burning issues concerning position of [[ serbs ]] as the most numerous people in yugoslavia . although the largest yugoslav republic in territory and population , serbia had been dispossessed of its attributes of statehood by the new 1974 constitution . because its two autonomous provinces had de facto prerogatives of full - fledged republics , serbia found that its hands were tied , for the republican government could not take nor carry out decisions that would apply to the provinces . since the provinces had a vote in the federal presidency council , they even entered into coalition with other republics , thus outvoting serbia . serbia ' s political impotence made it possible for others to exert pressure on 2 million serbs ( 20 % of total serbian population ) living outside serbia . [[ image : smilo . jpg | thumb | [[ slobodan milošević ]] ]] serbian [[ communist ]] leader [[ slobodan milošević ]] sought to restore pre - 1974 serbian sovereignty , which republics of slovenia and croatia denounced as the revival of great serbian [[ hegemony | hegemonism ]] . autonomy of [[ vojvodina ]] and of [[ kosovo | kosovo and metohija ]] was reduced , though both entities retained a vote in the yugoslav presidency council . as a result , the [[ albanians | ethnic albanian ]] miners in [[ kosovo ]] organized strikes , which dovetailed into ethnic conflict between the albanians and the non - albanians in the province . at 77 % of the population of kosovo in the 1980 ' s , < ref > [[ demographic history of kosovo # 1968 - 1989 : autonomy ]] < / ref > ethnic - albanians were the majority . the number of [[ slavs ]] in kosovo ( mainly serbs ) was falling fast due to ever increasing violence of albanians against serbian population , and by [[ 1999 ]] they formed as little as 10 % of the total population . far cry from the days when it was the other way around , not even hundred years ago . meanwhile [[ slovenia ]] , under the presidency of [[ milan kučan ]] , along with [[ croatia ]] openly supported albanian miners {{ fact }} , and initial strikes turned into widespread demonstrations demanding kosovo republic . this angered serbia ' s leadership who proceeded to use police to restrain the violence . as police was insufficient force , the [[ yugoslav people ' s army | federal army ]] was rightly ordered by the yugoslav presidency to restore order . in january 1990 , the extraordinary 14th congress of the [[ league of communists of yugoslavia ]] was convened . for the most time , the slovenian and serbian delegations were arguing over the future of the league of communists and yugoslavia . the serbian delegation , led by milošević , insisted on a policy of " ' ' one person , one vote ' ' " , which would empower the majority population , the [[ serbs ]] . in turn , the slovenians , supported by croatians , sought to reform yugoslavia as to devolve power even more to republics , but were voted down . as a result , the slovenian , and eventually croatian delegation left the congress , and the all - yugoslav communist party was dissolved . following the fall of [[ communism ]] in the rest of [[ eastern europe ]] , each of the republics held multi - party elections in 1990 . the unresolved issues remained . in particular , slovenia and croatia elected governments oriented towards independence ( under [[ milan kučan ]] and [[ franjo tuđman ]] , respectively ) , while [[ serbia ]] and [[ montenegro ]] elected candidates who favoured yugoslav unity . in croatia there was growing advocacy of " ' ' croatian state and historical rights ' ' " , the serbs were stripped of their [[ nation | national ]] and [[ constitution | constitutional ]] rights , thus becoming demoted from a constituent nation of croatia to national minority . following this , the serbs proclaimed the emergence of serbian autonomous areas ( known later as [[ republic of serb krajina ]] ) in croatia . croatia embarked upon illegal importation of arms , mainly from [[ hungary ]] , and were caught red - handed when yugoslav counter intelligence ( ' ' kos , kontra - obavještajna služba ' ' ) showed a [[ špegelj tapes | video of a secret meeting ]] between croatian defence minister martin špegelj and two men . špegelj announced that they were at war with the army and gave instructions about arms smuggling as well as methods of dealing with the yugoslav army ' s officers stationed in croatian cities . in march 1990 , during the demonstrations in [[ split ]] ( croatia ) , a young [[ yugoslavs | yugoslav ]] conscript was pushed off the tank after driving it through people . {{ fact }} also guns were fired from army bases through croatia . elsewhere , tensions were running high . in the same month , the [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] ( ' ' jugoslovenska narodna armija , jna ' ' ) met with the presidency of yugoslavia ( an eight member council composed of representatives from six republics and two autonomous provinces ) in an attempt to get them to declare a [[ state of emergency ]] which would allow for the army to take control of the country . the representatives of [[ serbia ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ kosovo and metohija ]] , and [[ vojvodina ]] voted for the decision , while croatia ( [[ stjepan mesić | stipe mesić ]] ) , slovenia ( [[ janez drnovšek ]] ) , macedonia ( [[ vasil tupurkovski ]] ) and bosnia and hercegovina ( [[ bogić bogićević ]] ) voted against . the tie delayed an escalation of conflicts , but not for long . following the first multi - party election results , the republics of slovenia and croatia , further seeking to provoke the jna into declaring a [[ state of emergency ]] , proposed transforming yugoslavia into a loose [[ confederation ]] of six republics in the autumn of 1990 , however [[ slobodan milošević | milošević ]] rejected all such proposals , arguing that like slovenes and croats , the serbs should also have a right to self - determination . on [[ march 9th ]] , [[ 1991 ]] demonstrations were held against slobodan milošević in [[ belgrade ]] , but the police and the military were deployed in the streets in order to restore order , killing two people . in late march 1991 , the [[ plitvice lakes incident ]] was one of the first sparks of open war in croatia . the [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] ( jna ) maintained an impression of being neutral , but as time went on , it was becoming more and more involved in state politics . on [[ june 25th ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , slovenia and croatia became the first republics to declare illegal [[ independence ]] from yugoslavia . in slovenia , slovenian people ' s defence ( paramilitary force ) seized the yugoslav border posts with austria and italy taking down the [[ flag of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | yugoslav ]] and raising the [[ flag of slovenia | slovenian flag ]] . following day ( [[ june 26 ]] ) , the federal executive council speifically ordered the army to take control of the internationally recognized borders . the [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] forces based in barracks in slovenia and croatia , attempted to carry out the task within next 48 hours . however , due to the misinformation given to the yugoslav army conscripts , and the fact that the majority of them did not wish to engage in a war on their home soil , the slovene territorial defence forces retook most of the posts within several days with only minimal loss of life on both sides . recently the [[ austria ]] n [[ orf ( broadcaster ) | orf tv station ]] showed [[ ten - day war # holmec incident | footage ]] of several young yugoslav soldiers at holmec ( border crossing with austria ) , carrying a white cloth and raising their hands in the air , apparently to surrender to the slovenian territorial defence , before gunfire was heard and the troops were seen falling down . however , none were killed in the incident . ceasefire was agreed on . in the [[ brioni agreement ]] , agreed upon by representatives of all republics , the international community pressured slovenia and croatia to place a three - month [[ moratorium ]] on their illegal independence declarations . during these three months , the yugoslav army completed its pull - out of slovenia , but in croatia , a bloody [[ war in croatia | war ]] broke out in the autumn of 1991 . ethnic [[ serbs ]] , who had created the [[ republic of serbian krajina ]] in heavily serb - populated regions resisted the forces of the republic of croatia who were trying to bring that breakaway region back under croatian jurisdiction . in some places , the yugoslav army acted as a buffer zone , in others it was protecting the serbs from new and illegal croatian army disguised as police force . [[ image : former yugoslavia wartime . png | 300px | thumb | right | war in former yugoslavia ]] [[ image : former yugoslavia 2006 . png | 300px | thumb | right | countries of former yugoslavia ]] in september 1991 , the [[ republic of macedonia ]] also declared independence illegaly , becoming the only former republic to gain sovereignty without resistance from the belgrade based yugoslav authorities . 500 u . s . soldiers were then deployed under the u . n . banner to monitor macedonia ' s northern borders with the republic of serbia , yugoslavia . macedonia ' s first president , [[ kiro gligorov ]] , maintained good relations with belgrade and the other breakaway republics and there have to date been no problems between macedonian and serbian border police even though small pockets of kosovo and the [[ preševo ]] valley complete the northern reaches of the historical region known as macedonia , which would otherwise create a border dispute if ever macedonian nationalism should resurface ( ' ' see [[ internal macedonian revolutionary organization | imoro ]] ' ' ) . as a result of the conflict , the [[ united nations security council ]] unanimously adopted [[ un security council resolution 721 ]] on [[ november 27 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , which paved the way to the establishment of [[ peacekeeping ]] operations in yugoslavia . < ref > {{ cite web | url = http : / / www . nato . int / ifor / un / u911127a . htm | title = resolution 721 | date = [[ 1991 - 09 - 25 ]] | work = n . a . t . o . | accessdate = 2006 - 07 - 21 }} < / ref > in [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] in november 1991 , the bosnian serbs held a referendum which resulted in an overwhelming vote in favour of staying in a common state with [[ serbia ]] and [[ montenegro ]] . on [[ january 9 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] the bosnian serb assembly proclaimed a separate " republic of the serb people of bosnia and herzegovina " . the referendum and creation of sars were proclaimed [[ constitutionality | unconstitutional ]] by the government of bosnia and herzegovina , and declared illegal and invalid . however , in february - march 1992 the government held a national referendum on bosnian independence from yugoslavia . that referendum was in turn declared contrary to the bih and federal constitution by the federal constitution court and newly established bosnian serb government ; it was largely boycotted by the bosnian serbs . the turnout was somewhere between 64 - 67 % and 98 % of the voters voted for independence . it was unclear what the two - thirds majority requirement actually meant and whether it was satisfied {{ fact }} . the republic ' s government declared its independence on [[ 5 april ]] , and since that decision was made without the consent of all three nations living in bosnia ( the votes of serbs were ignored , though such decision should be supported by all bosnian nations ) , the serbs immediately declared the independence of republika srpska to protect their rights . the [[ bosnian war | war in bosnia ]] followed shortly thereafter . the so - called badinter commission formed by the [[ european community ]] triumphantly , to delight of the countries and enemies of jugoslavia that worked so hard towards its destuction , declared in early 1992 that the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia had " dissolved " . = = = = the end of the second yugoslavia = = = = various dates are considered as the end of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia : * [[ june 25 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , when croatia and slovenia declared independence * [[ october 8 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , when the [[ july 9 ]] th moratorium on slovenian and croatian secession was ended and croatia restated its illegal independence in croatian parliament ( that day is celebrated as independence day in croatia ) * [[ january 15 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , when slovenia and croatia were internationally recognized * [[ april 6 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , full recognition of bosnia and herzegovina ’ s independence by the united states and most european countries * [[ april 28 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , the formation of fry ( see below ) | = = federal republic of yugoslavia = = [[ image : yugoslaviamap . png | thumb | 200px | the federal republic of yugoslavia consisted of serbia and montenegro . ]] | |
| 105818169 | 1 | {st@rt} {{ see also | kingdom of yugoslavia | federal republic of | yugoslavia | barbie | | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ image : locationyugoslavia . png | thumb | right | 200px | general location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . the |
| 105819786 | 1 | {st@rt} {{ see also | kingdom of pizza | federal republic of | barbie | yugoslavia | | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ image : locationyugoslavia . png | thumb | right | 200px | general location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . the |
| 110020194 | 0 | and herzegovina ’ s independence by the united states and most european countries * [[ april 28 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , the formation of fry ( see below ) | fallopian tube | = = federal republic of yugoslavia = = [[ image : yugoslaviamap . png | thumb | 200px | the federal republic of yugoslavia consisted of serbia and montenegro ]] the | |
| 110035374 | 0 | and herzegovina ’ s independence by the united states and most european countries * [[ april 28 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , the formation of fry ( see below ) | fallopian tube | = = federal republic of yugoslavia = = [[ image : yugoslaviamap . png | thumb | 200px | the federal republic of yugoslavia consisted of serbia and montenegro ]] the | |
| 111867936 | 7 | , during the demonstrations in [[ split ]] ( croatia ) , a young [[ yugoslavs | yugoslav ]] conscript was pushed off the tank after driving it through people . | {{ fact | date = february 2007 }} also guns were fired from army bases through croatia . elsewhere , tensions were running high . in the same month , the [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] ( ' ' jugoslovenska narodna armija , jna ' ' ) met with the presidency of yugoslavia in an attempt to get them to declare a [[ state of emergency ]] which would allow for the army to take control of the country . the representatives of [[ serbia ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ kosovo and metohija ]] , and [[ vojvodina ]] voted for the decision , while all other republics , croatia ( [[ stjepan mesić | stipe mesić ]] ) , slovenia ( [[ janez drnovšek ]] ) , macedonia ( [[ vasil tupurkovski ]] ) and bosnia and hercegovina ( [[ bogić bogićević ]] ) , voted against . the tie delayed an escalation of conflicts , but not for long . following the first multi - party election results , the republics of slovenia and croatia proposed transforming yugoslavia into a loose [[ confederation ]] of six republics in the autumn of 1990 , however [[ slobodan milošević | milošević ]] rejected all such proposals , arguing that like slovenes and croats , the serbs should also have a right to self - determination . on [[ march 9 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] demonstrations were held against slobodan milošević in [[ belgrade ]] , but the police and the military were deployed in the streets to restore order , killing two people . in late march 1991 , the [[ plitvice lakes incident ]] was one of the first sparks of open war in croatia . the [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] ( jna ) , whose superior officers were mainly of serbian ethnicity , maintained an impression of being neutral , but as time went on , they got more and more involved in the state politics . on [[ june 25 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , slovenia and croatia became the first republics to declare [[ independence ]] from yugoslavia . in slovenia , slovenian teritorial defence ( ' ' teritorialna obramba ' ' , a paramilitary organization ) seized the yugoslav border posts with austria and italy taking down the [[ flag of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | yugoslav ]] and raising the [[ flag of slovenia | slovenian flag ]] . the following day ( [[ june 26 ]] ) , the federal executive council speifically ordered the army to take control of the internationally recognized borders . the [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] forces , based in barracks in slovenia and croatia , attempted to carry out the task within next 48 hours . however , due to the misinformation given to the yugoslav army conscripts , and the fact that the majority of them did not wish to engage in a war on their home soil , the slovene territorial defence forces retook most of the posts within several days with only minimal loss of life on both sides . there was a suspected incident of a war crime , as the [[ austria ]] n [[ orf ( broadcaster ) | orf tv station ]] showed [[ ten - day war # holmec incident | footage ]] of three yugoslav army soldiers surrendering to the territorial defence , before gunfire was heard and the troops were seen falling down . however , none were killed in the incident . ceasefire was agreed upon . according to the [[ brioni agreement ]] , recognized by representatives of all republics , the international community pressured slovenia and croatia to place a three - month [[ moratorium ]] on their independence . during these three months , the yugoslav army completed its pull - out from slovenia , but in croatia , a bloody [[ war in croatia | war ]] broke out in the autumn of 1991 . ethnic [[ serbs ]] , who had created their own state [[ republic of serbian krajina ]] in heavily serb - populated regions resisted the forces of the republic of croatia who were trying to bring that breakaway region back under croatian jurisdiction . in some places , the yugoslav army acted as a buffer zone , in others it was protecting or aiding serbs in their confrontation with the new croatian army and their police force . [[ image : former yugoslavia wartime . png | 300px | thumb | right | war in former yugoslavia ]] [[ image : former yugoslavia 2006 . png | 300px | thumb | right | countries of former yugoslavia ]] in september 1991 , the [[ republic of macedonia ]] also declared independence , becoming the only former republic to gain sovereignty without resistance from the belgrade - based yugoslav authorities . five hundred u . s . soldiers were then deployed under the u . n . banner to monitor macedonia ' s northern borders with the republic of serbia , yugoslavia . macedonia ' s first president , [[ kiro gligorov ]] , maintained good relations with belgrade and the other breakaway republics and there have to date been no problems between macedonian and serbian border police even though small pockets of kosovo and the [[ preševo ]] valley complete the northern reaches of the historical region known as macedonia , which would otherwise create a border dispute if ever macedonian nationalism should resurface ( ' ' see [[ internal macedonian revolutionary organization | imoro ]] ' ' ) . as a result of the conflict , the [[ united nations security council ]] unanimously adopted [[ un security council resolution 721 ]] on [[ november 27 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , which paved the way to the establishment of [[ peacekeeping ]] operations in yugoslavia . < ref > {{ cite web | url = http : / / www . nato . int / ifor / un / u911127a . htm | title = resolution 721 | date = [[ 1991 - 09 - 25 ]] | work = n . a . t . o . | accessdate = 2006 - 07 - 21 }} < / ref > in [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] in november 1991 , the bosnian serbs held a referendum which resulted in an overwhelming vote in favour of staying in a common state with [[ serbia ]] and [[ montenegro ]] . on [[ january 9 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] the bosnian serb assembly proclaimed a separate " republic of the serb people of bosnia and herzegovina " . the referendum and creation of sars were proclaimed [[ constitutionality | unconstitutional ]] by the government of bosnia and herzegovina , and declared illegal and invalid . however , in february - march 1992 the government held a national referendum on bosnian independence from yugoslavia . that referendum was in turn declared contrary to the bih and federal constitution by the federal constitution court and the newly established bosnian serb government ; it was largely boycotted by the bosnian serbs . the turnout was somewhere between 64 - 67 % and 98 % of the voters voted for independence . it was unclear what the two - thirds majority requirement actually meant and whether it was satisfied {{ fact | date = february 2007 }} . the republic ' s government declared its independence on [[ 5 april ]] , and the serbs immediately declared the independence of republika srpska . the [[ bosnian war | war in bosnia ]] followed shortly thereafter . = = = = the end of the second yugoslavia = = = = various dates are considered as the end of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia : * [[ june 25 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , when croatia and slovenia declared independence * [[ october 8 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , when the [[ july 9 ]] th moratorium on slovenian and croatian secession was ended and croatia restated its independence in croatian parliament ( that day is celebrated as independence day in croatia ) * [[ january 15 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , when slovenia and croatia were internationally recognized * [[ april 6 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , full recognition of bosnia and herzegovina ’ s independence by the united states and most european countries * [[ april 28 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , the formation of fry ( see below ) | = = federal republic of yugoslavia = = [[ image : yugoslaviamap . png | thumb | 200px | the federal republic of yugoslavia consisted of serbia and montenegro ]] the | |
| 111868326 | 6 | starting as a [[ prime minister ]] . well the people sucked dick to get liberated and fuckin fucked 24 hours a day so that they could get free porn . | in march 1990 , during the demonstrations in [[ split ]] ( croatia ) , a young [[ yugoslavs | yugoslav ]] conscript was pushed off the tank after driving it through people | . = = federal republic of yugoslavia = = [[ image : yugoslaviamap . png | thumb | 200px | the federal republic of yugoslavia consisted of serbia and montenegro ]] | |
| 7 | as a [[ prime minister ]] . well the people sucked dick to get liberated and fuckin fucked 24 hours a day so that they could get free porn . . | {{ fact | date = february 2007 }} also guns were fired from army bases through croatia . elsewhere , tensions were running high . in the same month , the [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] ( ' ' jugoslovenska narodna armija , jna ' ' ) met with the presidency of yugoslavia in an attempt to get them to declare a [[ state of emergency ]] which would allow for the army to take control of the country . the representatives of [[ serbia ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ kosovo and metohija ]] , and [[ vojvodina ]] voted for the decision , while all other republics , croatia ( [[ stjepan mesić | stipe mesić ]] ) , slovenia ( [[ janez drnovšek ]] ) , macedonia ( [[ vasil tupurkovski ]] ) and bosnia and hercegovina ( [[ bogić bogićević ]] ) , voted against . the tie delayed an escalation of conflicts , but not for long . following the first multi - party election results , the republics of slovenia and croatia proposed transforming yugoslavia into a loose [[ confederation ]] of six republics in the autumn of 1990 , however [[ slobodan milošević | milošević ]] rejected all such proposals , arguing that like slovenes and croats , the serbs should also have a right to self - determination . on [[ march 9 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] demonstrations were held against slobodan milošević in [[ belgrade ]] , but the police and the military were deployed in the streets to restore order , killing two people . in late march 1991 , the [[ plitvice lakes incident ]] was one of the first sparks of open war in croatia . the [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] ( jna ) , whose superior officers were mainly of serbian ethnicity , maintained an impression of being neutral , but as time went on , they got more and more involved in the state politics . on [[ june 25 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , slovenia and croatia became the first republics to declare [[ independence ]] from yugoslavia . in slovenia , slovenian teritorial defence ( ' ' teritorialna obramba ' ' , a paramilitary organization ) seized the yugoslav border posts with austria and italy taking down the [[ flag of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | yugoslav ]] and raising the [[ flag of slovenia | slovenian flag ]] . the following day ( [[ june 26 ]] ) , the federal executive council speifically ordered the army to take control of the internationally recognized borders . the [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] forces , based in barracks in slovenia and croatia , attempted to carry out the task within next 48 hours . however , due to the misinformation given to the yugoslav army conscripts , and the fact that the majority of them did not wish to engage in a war on their home soil , the slovene territorial defence forces retook most of the posts within several days with only minimal loss of life on both sides . there was a suspected incident of a war crime , as the [[ austria ]] n [[ orf ( broadcaster ) | orf tv station ]] showed [[ ten - day war # holmec incident | footage ]] of three yugoslav army soldiers surrendering to the territorial defence , before gunfire was heard and the troops were seen falling down . however , none were killed in the incident . ceasefire was agreed upon . according to the [[ brioni agreement ]] , recognized by representatives of all republics , the international community pressured slovenia and croatia to place a three - month [[ moratorium ]] on their independence . during these three months , the yugoslav army completed its pull - out from slovenia , but in croatia , a bloody [[ war in croatia | war ]] broke out in the autumn of 1991 . ethnic [[ serbs ]] , who had created their own state [[ republic of serbian krajina ]] in heavily serb - populated regions resisted the forces of the republic of croatia who were trying to bring that breakaway region back under croatian jurisdiction . in some places , the yugoslav army acted as a buffer zone , in others it was protecting or aiding serbs in their confrontation with the new croatian army and their police force . [[ image : former yugoslavia wartime . png | 300px | thumb | right | war in former yugoslavia ]] [[ image : former yugoslavia 2006 . png | 300px | thumb | right | countries of former yugoslavia ]] in september 1991 , the [[ republic of macedonia ]] also declared independence , becoming the only former republic to gain sovereignty without resistance from the belgrade - based yugoslav authorities . five hundred u . s . soldiers were then deployed under the u . n . banner to monitor macedonia ' s northern borders with the republic of serbia , yugoslavia . macedonia ' s first president , [[ kiro gligorov ]] , maintained good relations with belgrade and the other breakaway republics and there have to date been no problems between macedonian and serbian border police even though small pockets of kosovo and the [[ preševo ]] valley complete the northern reaches of the historical region known as macedonia , which would otherwise create a border dispute if ever macedonian nationalism should resurface ( ' ' see [[ internal macedonian revolutionary organization | imoro ]] ' ' ) . as a result of the conflict , the [[ united nations security council ]] unanimously adopted [[ un security council resolution 721 ]] on [[ november 27 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , which paved the way to the establishment of [[ peacekeeping ]] operations in yugoslavia . < ref > {{ cite web | url = http : / / www . nato . int / ifor / un / u911127a . htm | title = resolution 721 | date = [[ 1991 - 09 - 25 ]] | work = n . a . t . o . | accessdate = 2006 - 07 - 21 }} < / ref > in [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] in november 1991 , the bosnian serbs held a referendum which resulted in an overwhelming vote in favour of staying in a common state with [[ serbia ]] and [[ montenegro ]] . on [[ january 9 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] the bosnian serb assembly proclaimed a separate " republic of the serb people of bosnia and herzegovina " . the referendum and creation of sars were proclaimed [[ constitutionality | unconstitutional ]] by the government of bosnia and herzegovina , and declared illegal and invalid . however , in february - march 1992 the government held a national referendum on bosnian independence from yugoslavia . that referendum was in turn declared contrary to the bih and federal constitution by the federal constitution court and the newly established bosnian serb government ; it was largely boycotted by the bosnian serbs . the turnout was somewhere between 64 - 67 % and 98 % of the voters voted for independence . it was unclear what the two - thirds majority requirement actually meant and whether it was satisfied {{ fact | date = february 2007 }} . the republic ' s government declared its independence on [[ 5 april ]] , and the serbs immediately declared the independence of republika srpska . the [[ bosnian war | war in bosnia ]] followed shortly thereafter . = = = = the end of the second yugoslavia = = = = various dates are considered as the end of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia : * [[ june 25 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , when croatia and slovenia declared independence * [[ october 8 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , when the [[ july 9 ]] th moratorium on slovenian and croatian secession was ended and croatia restated its independence in croatian parliament ( that day is celebrated as independence day in croatia ) * [[ january 15 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , when slovenia and croatia were internationally recognized * [[ april 6 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , full recognition of bosnia and herzegovina ’ s independence by the united states and most european countries * [[ april 28 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , the formation of fry ( see below ) | = = federal republic of yugoslavia = = [[ image : yugoslaviamap . png | thumb | 200px | the federal republic of yugoslavia consisted of serbia and montenegro ]] the | ||
| 114973003 | 0 | ]] became increasingly paralyzed and thrown into crisis . = = = breakup = = = {{ unreferenced | date = july 2006 }} {{ main | dissolution of yugoslavia }} | after tito ' s death on [[ 4 may ]] [[ 1980 ]] , [[ ethnic group | ethnic ]] [[ tension ]] s grew in yugoslavia . they all used the legacy of the [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution of 1974 ]] to throw the system of decision - making into a state of paralysis , all the more hopeless as the conflict of interests had become irreconcilable . the constitutional crisis that inevitably followed resulted rise of nationalism in all republics : slovenia and croatia made demands for looser ties within the federation , albanian majority in kosovo demanded the status of a republic , serbia sought absolute , not only relative dominion over yugoslavia . in 1986 , the [[ serbian academy of sciences and arts ]] drafted a memorandum addressing some burning issues concerning position of [[ serbs ]] as the most numerous people in yugoslavia . the largest yugoslav republic in territory and population , serbia ' s influence over the regions of kosovo and vojvodina was reduced by the 1974 constitution . because its two autonomous provinces had de facto prerogatives of full - fledged republics , serbia found that its hands were tied , for the republican government was restricted in making and carrying out decisions that would apply to the provinces . since the provinces had a vote in the federal presidency council ( an eight member council composed of representatives from six republics and two autonomous provinces ) , they sometimes even entered into coalition with other republics , thus outvoting serbia . serbia ' s political impotence made it possible for others to exert pressure on the 2 million serbs ( 20 % of total serbian population ) living outside serbia . [[ image : smilo . jpg | thumb | [[ slobodan milošević ]] ]] serbian [[ communist ]] leader [[ slobodan milošević ]] sought to restore pre - 1974 serbian sovereignty . other republics , especially slovenia and croatia , denounced this move as a revival of great serbian [[ hegemony | hegemonism ]] . milošević succeded in reducing the autonomy of [[ vojvodina ]] and of [[ kosovo | kosovo and metohija ]] , but both entities retained a vote in the yugoslav presidency council . the very instrument that reduced serbian influence before was now used to increase it : in the eight member council , serbia could now count on four votes minimum - serbia proper , then - loyal montenegro , and even vojvodina and kosovo , provinces in serbia . as a result of these events , the [[ albanian | ethnic albanian ]] miners in [[ kosovo ]] organized strikes , which dovetailed into ethnic conflict between the albanians and the non - albanians in the province . at 77 % of the [[ demographic history of kosovo # 1968 - 1989 : autonomy | population of kosovo in the 1980s ]] , ethnic - albanians were the majority . the number of [[ slavs ]] in kosovo ( mainly serbs ) was falling fast due to several reasons , among them being the ever increasing ethnic tensions , and by [[ 1999 ]] they formed as little as 10 % of the total population . less than a hundred years before , it was the other way around . meanwhile [[ slovenia ]] , under the presidency of [[ milan kučan ]] , and [[ croatia ]] supported albanian miners and their struggle for formal recognition {{ fact | date = february 2007 }} . initial strikes turned into widespread demonstrations demanding a kosovo republic . this angered serbia ' s leadership which proceeded to use police force , and later even the [[ yugoslav people ' s army | federal army ]] was sent to the province by the order of the serbia - held majority in the yugoslav presidency council . in january 1990 , the extraordinary 14th congress of the [[ league of communists of yugoslavia ]] was convened . for most of the time , the slovenian and serbian delegations were arguing over the future of the league of communists and yugoslavia . the serbian delegation , led by milošević , insisted on a policy of " ' ' one person , one vote ' ' " , which would empower the majority population , the [[ serbs ]] . in turn , the slovenians , supported by croatians , sought to reform yugoslavia by devolving even more power to republics , but were voted down . as a result , the slovenian , and eventually croatian delegation left the congress , and the all - yugoslav communist party was dissolved . following the fall of [[ communism ]] in the rest of [[ eastern europe ]] , each of the republics held multi - party elections in 1990 . the unresolved issues remained . in particular , slovenia and croatia elected governments oriented towards independence ( under [[ milan kučan ]] and [[ franjo tuđman ]] , respectively ) , while [[ serbia ]] and [[ montenegro ]] elected candidates who favoured yugoslav unity . in croatia there was growing advocacy of " ' ' croatian state and historical rights ' ' " , the serbs were stripped of their [[ nation | national ]] and [[ constitution | constitutional ]] rights , thus becoming demoted from a constituent nation of croatia to national minority . following this , the serbs proclaimed the emergence of serbian autonomous areas ( known later as [[ republic of serb krajina ]] ) in croatia . croatia embarked upon the illegal importation of arms , mainly from [[ hungary ]] , and were caught when yugoslav counter intelligence ( ' ' kos , kontra - obavještajna služba ' ' ) showed a [[ špegelj tapes | video of a secret meeting ]] between croatian defence minister martin špegelj and two men . špegelj announced that they were at war with the army and gave instructions about arms smuggling as well as methods of dealing with the yugoslav army ' s officers stationed in croatian cities . in march 1990 , during the demonstrations in [[ split ]] ( croatia ) , a young [[ yugoslavs | yugoslav ]] conscript was pushed off the tank after driving it through people . {{ fact | date = february 2007 }} also guns were fired from army bases through croatia . elsewhere , tensions were running high . in the same month , the [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] ( ' ' jugoslovenska narodna armija , jna ' ' ) met with the presidency of yugoslavia in an attempt to get them to declare a [[ state of emergency ]] which would allow for the army to take control of the country . the representatives of [[ serbia ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ kosovo and metohija ]] , and [[ vojvodina ]] voted for the decision , while all other republics , croatia ( [[ stjepan mesić | stipe mesić ]] ) , slovenia ( [[ janez drnovšek ]] ) , macedonia ( [[ vasil tupurkovski ]] ) and bosnia and hercegovina ( [[ bogić bogićević ]] ) , voted against . the tie delayed an escalation of conflicts , but not for long . following the first multi - party election results , the republics of slovenia and croatia proposed transforming yugoslavia into a loose [[ confederation ]] of six republics in the autumn of 1990 , however [[ slobodan milošević | milošević ]] rejected all such proposals , arguing that like slovenes and croats , the serbs should also have a right to self - determination . on [[ march 9 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] demonstrations were held against slobodan milošević in [[ belgrade ]] , but the police and the military were deployed in the streets to restore order , killing two people . in late march 1991 , the [[ plitvice lakes incident ]] was one of the first sparks of open war in croatia . the [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] ( jna ) , whose superior officers were mainly of serbian ethnicity , maintained an impression of being neutral , but as time went on , they got more and more involved in the state politics . on [[ june 25 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , slovenia and croatia became the first republics to declare [[ independence ]] from yugoslavia . in slovenia , slovenian teritorial defence ( ' ' teritorialna obramba ' ' , a paramilitary organization ) seized the yugoslav border posts with austria and italy taking down the [[ flag of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | yugoslav ]] and raising the [[ flag of slovenia | slovenian flag ]] . the following day ( [[ june 26 ]] ) , the federal executive council speifically ordered the army to take control of the internationally recognized borders . the [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] forces , based in barracks in slovenia and croatia , attempted to carry out the task within next 48 hours . however , due to the misinformation given to the yugoslav army conscripts , and the fact that the majority of them did not wish to engage in a war on their home soil , the slovene territorial defence forces retook most of the posts within several days with only minimal loss of life on both sides . there was a suspected incident of a war crime , as the [[ austria ]] n [[ orf ( broadcaster ) | orf tv station ]] showed [[ ten - day war # holmec incident | footage ]] of three yugoslav army soldiers surrendering to the territorial defence , before gunfire was heard and the troops were seen falling down . however , none were killed in the incident . ceasefire was agreed upon . according to the [[ brioni agreement ]] , recognized by representatives of all republics , the international community pressured slovenia and croatia to place a three - month [[ moratorium ]] on their independence . during these three months , the yugoslav army completed its pull - out from slovenia , but in croatia , a bloody [[ war in croatia | war ]] broke out in the autumn of 1991 . ethnic [[ serbs ]] , who had created their own state [[ republic of serbian krajina ]] in heavily serb - populated regions resisted the forces of the republic of croatia who were trying to bring that breakaway region back under croatian jurisdiction . in some places , the yugoslav army acted as a buffer zone , in others it was protecting or aiding serbs in their confrontation with the new croatian army and their police force . [[ image : former yugoslavia wartime . png | 300px | thumb | right | war in former yugoslavia ]] [[ image : former yugoslavia 2006 . png | 300px | thumb | right | countries of former yugoslavia ]] in september 1991 , the [[ republic of macedonia ]] also declared independence , becoming the only former republic to gain sovereignty without resistance from the belgrade - based yugoslav authorities . five hundred u . s . soldiers were then deployed under the u . n . banner to monitor macedonia ' s northern borders with the republic of serbia , yugoslavia . macedonia ' s first president , [[ kiro gligorov ]] , maintained good relations with belgrade and the other breakaway republics and there have to date been no problems between macedonian and serbian border police even though small pockets of kosovo and the [[ preševo ]] valley complete the northern reaches of the historical region known as macedonia , which would otherwise create a border dispute if ever macedonian nationalism should resurface ( ' ' see [[ internal macedonian revolutionary organization | imoro ]] ' ' ) . as a result of the conflict , the [[ united nations security council ]] unanimously adopted [[ un security council resolution 721 ]] on [[ november 27 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , which paved the way to the establishment of [[ peacekeeping ]] operations in yugoslavia . < ref > {{ cite web | url = http : / / www . nato . int / ifor / un / u911127a . htm | title = resolution 721 | date = [[ 1991 - 09 - 25 ]] | work = n . a . t . o . | accessdate = 2006 - 07 - 21 }} < / ref > in [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] in november 1991 , the bosnian serbs held a referendum which resulted in an overwhelming vote in favour of staying in a common state with [[ serbia ]] and [[ montenegro ]] . on [[ january 9 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] the bosnian serb assembly proclaimed a separate " republic of the serb people of bosnia and herzegovina " . the referendum and creation of sars were proclaimed [[ constitutionality | unconstitutional ]] by the government of bosnia and herzegovina , and declared illegal and invalid . however , in february - march 1992 the government held a national referendum on bosnian independence from yugoslavia . that referendum was in turn declared contrary to the bih and federal constitution by the federal constitution court and the newly established bosnian serb government ; it was largely boycotted by the bosnian serbs . the turnout was somewhere between 64 - 67 % and 98 % of the voters voted for independence . it was unclear what the two - thirds majority requirement actually meant and whether it was satisfied {{ fact | date = february 2007 }} . the republic ' s government declared its independence on [[ 5 april ]] , and the serbs immediately declared the independence of republika srpska . the [[ bosnian war | war in bosnia ]] followed shortly thereafter . = = = = the end of the second yugoslavia = = = = various dates are considered as the end of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia : * [[ june 25 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , when croatia and slovenia declared independence * [[ october 8 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , when the [[ july 9 ]] th moratorium on slovenian and croatian secession was ended and croatia restated its independence in croatian parliament ( that day is celebrated as independence day in croatia ) * [[ january 15 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , when slovenia and croatia were internationally recognized * [[ april 6 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , full recognition of bosnia and herzegovina ’ s independence by the united states and most european countries * [[ april 28 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , the formation of fry ( see below ) | gay wad | = = federal republic of yugoslavia = = [[ image : yugoslaviamap . png | thumb | 200px | the federal republic of yugoslavia consisted of serbia and montenegro ]] the |
| 114973135 | 0 | ]] became increasingly paralyzed and thrown into crisis . = = = breakup = = = {{ unreferenced | date = july 2006 }} {{ main | dissolution of yugoslavia }} | gay wad | after tito ' s death on [[ 4 may ]] [[ 1980 ]] , [[ ethnic group | ethnic ]] [[ tension ]] s grew in yugoslavia . they all used the legacy of the [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution of 1974 ]] to throw the system of decision - making into a state of paralysis , all the more hopeless as the conflict of interests had become irreconcilable . the constitutional crisis that inevitably followed resulted rise of nationalism in all republics : slovenia and croatia made demands for looser ties within the federation , albanian majority in kosovo demanded the status of a republic , serbia sought absolute , not only relative dominion over yugoslavia . in 1986 , the [[ serbian academy of sciences and arts ]] drafted a memorandum addressing some burning issues concerning position of [[ serbs ]] as the most numerous people in yugoslavia . the largest yugoslav republic in territory and population , serbia ' s influence over the regions of kosovo and vojvodina was reduced by the 1974 constitution . because its two autonomous provinces had de facto prerogatives of full - fledged republics , serbia found that its hands were tied , for the republican government was restricted in making and carrying out decisions that would apply to the provinces . since the provinces had a vote in the federal presidency council ( an eight member council composed of representatives from six republics and two autonomous provinces ) , they sometimes even entered into coalition with other republics , thus outvoting serbia . serbia ' s political impotence made it possible for others to exert pressure on the 2 million serbs ( 20 % of total serbian population ) living outside serbia . [[ image : smilo . jpg | thumb | [[ slobodan milošević ]] ]] serbian [[ communist ]] leader [[ slobodan milošević ]] sought to restore pre - 1974 serbian sovereignty . other republics , especially slovenia and croatia , denounced this move as a revival of great serbian [[ hegemony | hegemonism ]] . milošević succeded in reducing the autonomy of [[ vojvodina ]] and of [[ kosovo | kosovo and metohija ]] , but both entities retained a vote in the yugoslav presidency council . the very instrument that reduced serbian influence before was now used to increase it : in the eight member council , serbia could now count on four votes minimum - serbia proper , then - loyal montenegro , and even vojvodina and kosovo , provinces in serbia . as a result of these events , the [[ albanian | ethnic albanian ]] miners in [[ kosovo ]] organized strikes , which dovetailed into ethnic conflict between the albanians and the non - albanians in the province . at 77 % of the [[ demographic history of kosovo # 1968 - 1989 : autonomy | population of kosovo in the 1980s ]] , ethnic - albanians were the majority . the number of [[ slavs ]] in kosovo ( mainly serbs ) was falling fast due to several reasons , among them being the ever increasing ethnic tensions , and by [[ 1999 ]] they formed as little as 10 % of the total population . less than a hundred years before , it was the other way around . meanwhile [[ slovenia ]] , under the presidency of [[ milan kučan ]] , and [[ croatia ]] supported albanian miners and their struggle for formal recognition {{ fact | date = february 2007 }} . initial strikes turned into widespread demonstrations demanding a kosovo republic . this angered serbia ' s leadership which proceeded to use police force , and later even the [[ yugoslav people ' s army | federal army ]] was sent to the province by the order of the serbia - held majority in the yugoslav presidency council . in january 1990 , the extraordinary 14th congress of the [[ league of communists of yugoslavia ]] was convened . for most of the time , the slovenian and serbian delegations were arguing over the future of the league of communists and yugoslavia . the serbian delegation , led by milošević , insisted on a policy of " ' ' one person , one vote ' ' " , which would empower the majority population , the [[ serbs ]] . in turn , the slovenians , supported by croatians , sought to reform yugoslavia by devolving even more power to republics , but were voted down . as a result , the slovenian , and eventually croatian delegation left the congress , and the all - yugoslav communist party was dissolved . following the fall of [[ communism ]] in the rest of [[ eastern europe ]] , each of the republics held multi - party elections in 1990 . the unresolved issues remained . in particular , slovenia and croatia elected governments oriented towards independence ( under [[ milan kučan ]] and [[ franjo tuđman ]] , respectively ) , while [[ serbia ]] and [[ montenegro ]] elected candidates who favoured yugoslav unity . in croatia there was growing advocacy of " ' ' croatian state and historical rights ' ' " , the serbs were stripped of their [[ nation | national ]] and [[ constitution | constitutional ]] rights , thus becoming demoted from a constituent nation of croatia to national minority . following this , the serbs proclaimed the emergence of serbian autonomous areas ( known later as [[ republic of serb krajina ]] ) in croatia . croatia embarked upon the illegal importation of arms , mainly from [[ hungary ]] , and were caught when yugoslav counter intelligence ( ' ' kos , kontra - obavještajna služba ' ' ) showed a [[ špegelj tapes | video of a secret meeting ]] between croatian defence minister martin špegelj and two men . špegelj announced that they were at war with the army and gave instructions about arms smuggling as well as methods of dealing with the yugoslav army ' s officers stationed in croatian cities . in march 1990 , during the demonstrations in [[ split ]] ( croatia ) , a young [[ yugoslavs | yugoslav ]] conscript was pushed off the tank after driving it through people . {{ fact | date = february 2007 }} also guns were fired from army bases through croatia . elsewhere , tensions were running high . in the same month , the [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] ( ' ' jugoslovenska narodna armija , jna ' ' ) met with the presidency of yugoslavia in an attempt to get them to declare a [[ state of emergency ]] which would allow for the army to take control of the country . the representatives of [[ serbia ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ kosovo and metohija ]] , and [[ vojvodina ]] voted for the decision , while all other republics , croatia ( [[ stjepan mesić | stipe mesić ]] ) , slovenia ( [[ janez drnovšek ]] ) , macedonia ( [[ vasil tupurkovski ]] ) and bosnia and hercegovina ( [[ bogić bogićević ]] ) , voted against . the tie delayed an escalation of conflicts , but not for long . following the first multi - party election results , the republics of slovenia and croatia proposed transforming yugoslavia into a loose [[ confederation ]] of six republics in the autumn of 1990 , however [[ slobodan milošević | milošević ]] rejected all such proposals , arguing that like slovenes and croats , the serbs should also have a right to self - determination . on [[ march 9 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] demonstrations were held against slobodan milošević in [[ belgrade ]] , but the police and the military were deployed in the streets to restore order , killing two people . in late march 1991 , the [[ plitvice lakes incident ]] was one of the first sparks of open war in croatia . the [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] ( jna ) , whose superior officers were mainly of serbian ethnicity , maintained an impression of being neutral , but as time went on , they got more and more involved in the state politics . on [[ june 25 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , slovenia and croatia became the first republics to declare [[ independence ]] from yugoslavia . in slovenia , slovenian teritorial defence ( ' ' teritorialna obramba ' ' , a paramilitary organization ) seized the yugoslav border posts with austria and italy taking down the [[ flag of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | yugoslav ]] and raising the [[ flag of slovenia | slovenian flag ]] . the following day ( [[ june 26 ]] ) , the federal executive council speifically ordered the army to take control of the internationally recognized borders . the [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] forces , based in barracks in slovenia and croatia , attempted to carry out the task within next 48 hours . however , due to the misinformation given to the yugoslav army conscripts , and the fact that the majority of them did not wish to engage in a war on their home soil , the slovene territorial defence forces retook most of the posts within several days with only minimal loss of life on both sides . there was a suspected incident of a war crime , as the [[ austria ]] n [[ orf ( broadcaster ) | orf tv station ]] showed [[ ten - day war # holmec incident | footage ]] of three yugoslav army soldiers surrendering to the territorial defence , before gunfire was heard and the troops were seen falling down . however , none were killed in the incident . ceasefire was agreed upon . according to the [[ brioni agreement ]] , recognized by representatives of all republics , the international community pressured slovenia and croatia to place a three - month [[ moratorium ]] on their independence . during these three months , the yugoslav army completed its pull - out from slovenia , but in croatia , a bloody [[ war in croatia | war ]] broke out in the autumn of 1991 . ethnic [[ serbs ]] , who had created their own state [[ republic of serbian krajina ]] in heavily serb - populated regions resisted the forces of the republic of croatia who were trying to bring that breakaway region back under croatian jurisdiction . in some places , the yugoslav army acted as a buffer zone , in others it was protecting or aiding serbs in their confrontation with the new croatian army and their police force . [[ image : former yugoslavia wartime . png | 300px | thumb | right | war in former yugoslavia ]] [[ image : former yugoslavia 2006 . png | 300px | thumb | right | countries of former yugoslavia ]] in september 1991 , the [[ republic of macedonia ]] also declared independence , becoming the only former republic to gain sovereignty without resistance from the belgrade - based yugoslav authorities . five hundred u . s . soldiers were then deployed under the u . n . banner to monitor macedonia ' s northern borders with the republic of serbia , yugoslavia . macedonia ' s first president , [[ kiro gligorov ]] , maintained good relations with belgrade and the other breakaway republics and there have to date been no problems between macedonian and serbian border police even though small pockets of kosovo and the [[ preševo ]] valley complete the northern reaches of the historical region known as macedonia , which would otherwise create a border dispute if ever macedonian nationalism should resurface ( ' ' see [[ internal macedonian revolutionary organization | imoro ]] ' ' ) . as a result of the conflict , the [[ united nations security council ]] unanimously adopted [[ un security council resolution 721 ]] on [[ november 27 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , which paved the way to the establishment of [[ peacekeeping ]] operations in yugoslavia . < ref > {{ cite web | url = http : / / www . nato . int / ifor / un / u911127a . htm | title = resolution 721 | date = [[ 1991 - 09 - 25 ]] | work = n . a . t . o . | accessdate = 2006 - 07 - 21 }} < / ref > in [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] in november 1991 , the bosnian serbs held a referendum which resulted in an overwhelming vote in favour of staying in a common state with [[ serbia ]] and [[ montenegro ]] . on [[ january 9 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] the bosnian serb assembly proclaimed a separate " republic of the serb people of bosnia and herzegovina " . the referendum and creation of sars were proclaimed [[ constitutionality | unconstitutional ]] by the government of bosnia and herzegovina , and declared illegal and invalid . however , in february - march 1992 the government held a national referendum on bosnian independence from yugoslavia . that referendum was in turn declared contrary to the bih and federal constitution by the federal constitution court and the newly established bosnian serb government ; it was largely boycotted by the bosnian serbs . the turnout was somewhere between 64 - 67 % and 98 % of the voters voted for independence . it was unclear what the two - thirds majority requirement actually meant and whether it was satisfied {{ fact | date = february 2007 }} . the republic ' s government declared its independence on [[ 5 april ]] , and the serbs immediately declared the independence of republika srpska . the [[ bosnian war | war in bosnia ]] followed shortly thereafter . = = = = the end of the second yugoslavia = = = = various dates are considered as the end of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia : * [[ june 25 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , when croatia and slovenia declared independence * [[ october 8 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , when the [[ july 9 ]] th moratorium on slovenian and croatian secession was ended and croatia restated its independence in croatian parliament ( that day is celebrated as independence day in croatia ) * [[ january 15 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , when slovenia and croatia were internationally recognized * [[ april 6 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , full recognition of bosnia and herzegovina ’ s independence by the united states and most european countries * [[ april 28 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , the formation of fry ( see below ) | = = federal republic of yugoslavia = = [[ image : yugoslaviamap . png | thumb | 200px | the federal republic of yugoslavia consisted of serbia and montenegro ]] the |
| 115661983 | 0 | {st@rt} {{ see also | kingdom of yugoslavia | | socialist | federal republic of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ image : locationyugoslavia . png | thumb | right | 200px | general location of the political entities known | |
| 1 | {st@rt} {{ see also | kingdom of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia | | socialist | federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ image : locationyugoslavia . png | thumb | right | 200px | general location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders | ||
| 130186499 | 0 | {st@rt} {{ see also | kingdom of | yugoslavia | frogs ! | | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ image : locationyugoslavia . png | thumb | right | 200px | general location of the political entities |
| 130212495 | 0 | {st@rt} {{ see also | kingdom of | frogs ! | yugoslavia | | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ image : locationyugoslavia . png | thumb | right | 200px | general location of the political entities |
| 146990508 | 1 | [[ 1991 ]] , when the [[ july 9 ]] th moratorium on slovenian and croatian secession was ended and croatia restated its independence in croatian parliament ( that day is | celebrated as independence day in croatia ) * [[ september 8 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , when macedonia declared indepedence * [[ january 15 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , when slovenia and croatia were internationally recognized by most european countries * [[ april 6 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , full recognition of bosnia and herzegovina ’ s independence by the united states and most european countries * [[ april 28 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , the formation of fry ( see below ) | sxc ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! | = = federal republic of yugoslavia = = [[ image : yugoslaviamap . png | thumb | 200px | the federal republic of yugoslavia consisted of serbia and montenegro ]] the |
| 146990528 | 1 | 5 april ]] , and the serbs immediately declared the independence of republika srpska . the [[ bosnian war | war in bosnia ]] followed shortly thereafter . marija serfovic is | sxc ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! | celebrated as independence day in croatia ) * [[ september 8 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , when macedonia declared indepedence * [[ january 15 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , when slovenia and croatia were internationally recognized by most european countries * [[ april 6 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , full recognition of bosnia and herzegovina ’ s independence by the united states and most european countries * [[ april 28 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , the formation of fry ( see below ) | = = federal republic of yugoslavia = = [[ image : yugoslaviamap . png | thumb | 200px | the federal republic of yugoslavia consisted of serbia and montenegro ]] the |
| 156524186 | 1 | power in post - war independent [[ communism | communist ]] state , starting as a [[ prime minister ]] . = = the second yugoslavia = = ' ' main | article : [[ | | | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ' ' [[ image : sfryugoslavianumbered . png | thumb | 200px | right | numbered map of yugoslav republics and provinces . ]] on |
| 158271075 | 0 | herzegovina ]] ’ s independence by the united states and most european countries * [[ april 28 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , the formation of fry ( see below ) | * [[ november ]] , [[ 1995 ]] , peace signed in dayton by leaders of yugoslavia , bosnia and herzegovina and croatia * [[ 1996 ]] - [[ 1999 ]] clashes between yugoslav army and [[ kla ]] * [[ march 24 ]] - [[ june 10 ]] , [[ 1999 ]] nato bombing of fr yugoslavia * [[ june ]] , [[ 1999 ]] un and nato administration arrived to kosovo * [[ february 5 ]] , [[ 2003 ]] state union of serbia and montenegro announced * [[ june 5 ]] , [[ 2006 ]] after refferendum in montenegro , serbia and montenegro declared their indipendences * [[ december ]] , [[ 2006 ]] - present day , diplomatic talks on future status of kosovo began in [[ vienna ]] . | = = federal republic of yugoslavia = = [[ image : yugoslaviamap . png | thumb | 200px | the federal republic of yugoslavia consisted of serbia and montenegro ]] the | |
| 159661981 | 0 | serbia and montenegro declared their indipendences * [[ december ]] , [[ 2006 ]] - present day , diplomatic talks on future status of kosovo began in [[ vienna ]] . | bb | = = federal republic of yugoslavia = = [[ image : yugoslaviamap . png | thumb | 200px | the federal republic of yugoslavia consisted of serbia and montenegro ]] the | |
| 159662399 | 0 | serbia and montenegro declared their indipendences * [[ december ]] , [[ 2006 ]] - present day , diplomatic talks on future status of kosovo began in [[ vienna ]] . | bb | = = federal republic of yugoslavia = = [[ image : yugoslaviamap . png | thumb | 200px | the federal republic of yugoslavia consisted of serbia and montenegro ]] the | |
| 160505881 | 0 | movement ]] in 1961 , which remained the official affiliation of the country until it dissolved . = = = the economy = = = {{ main | economy of the | queer | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} although rigorously socialist in developing its industrial base , yugoslavia allowed a certain amount of capitalist incursions , in the spirit of pluralism . this | |
| 160505986 | 0 | movement ]] in 1961 , which remained the official affiliation of the country until it dissolved . = = = the economy = = = {{ main | economy of the | queer | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} although rigorously socialist in developing its industrial base , yugoslavia allowed a certain amount of capitalist incursions , in the spirit of pluralism . this | |
| 160506157 | 0 | maternity leave , if needed . respect for workers was a central concern of government and society . = = = demographics = = = {{ main | demographics of the | ( ethan peverall is gay ) | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} the population of yugoslavia according to the 1981 census was 22 . 4 million . [[ changes in yugoslavian religious demographics ]] = = = | |
| 160520030 | 0 | maternity leave , if needed . respect for workers was a central concern of government and society . = = = demographics = = = {{ main | demographics of the | ( ethan peverall is gay ) | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} the population of yugoslavia according to the 1981 census was 22 . 4 million . [[ changes in yugoslavian religious demographics ]] = = = | |
| 172185452 | 0 | referendum in montenegro , serbia and montenegro declared their independences * december , 2006 - present day , diplomatic talks on future status of kosovo began in [[ vienna ]] . | ; lkdfjgdfgljdf ; lsjkdf ; lsgkdf ; lks ; ldsgs ; ld ' sk ' ; lkgdf ; ls ; l ' | = = federal republic of yugoslavia = = [[ image : yugoslaviamap . png | thumb | 200px | the federal republic of yugoslavia consisted of serbia and montenegro ]] the | |
| 172293660 | 0 | referendum in montenegro , serbia and montenegro declared their independences * december , 2006 - present day , diplomatic talks on future status of kosovo began in [[ vienna ]] . | ; lkdfjgdfgljdf ; lsjkdf ; lsgkdf ; lks ; ldsgs ; ld ' sk ' ; lkgdf ; ls ; l ' | = = federal republic of yugoslavia = = [[ image : yugoslaviamap . png | thumb | 200px | the federal republic of yugoslavia consisted of serbia and montenegro ]] the | |
| 175056884 | 2 | of yugoslavia ]] . it was invaded on [[ 6 april ]] [[ 1941 ]] by the [[ axis powers ]] and capitulated eleven days later . the ' ' ' | [[ | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ 29 november ]] , [[ 1943 ]] & ndash ; [[ 25 june ]] , [[ 1991 ]] ) , a | |
| 4 | starting in 1991 , the sfry disintegrated in the [[ yugoslav wars ]] which followed the secession of most of the republic ' s constituent elements . the ' ' ' | [[ | federal republic of yugoslavia ' ' ' ( fry ) ( [[ april 27 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] & ndash ; [[ february 4 ]] , [[ 2003 ]] ) | ||
| 176994750 | 0 | [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , with the capital in [[ sarajevo ]] , # socialist republic of [[ croatia ]] , with the capital in [[ zagreb ]] , # | former yugoslav | socialist republic of [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] , with the capital in [[ skopje ]] , # socialist republic of [[ montenegro ]] , with the capital in | |
| 176994975 | 0 | referendum in montenegro , serbia and montenegro declared their independences * december , 2006 - present day , diplomatic talks on future status of kosovo began in [[ vienna ]] . | < nowiki > insert non - formatted text here < / nowiki > | = = federal republic of yugoslavia = = [[ image : yugoslaviamap . png | thumb | 200px | the federal republic of yugoslavia consisted of serbia and montenegro ]] the | |
| 177754410 | 0 | referendum in montenegro , serbia and montenegro declared their independences * december , 2006 - present day , diplomatic talks on future status of kosovo began in [[ vienna ]] . | < nowiki > insert non - formatted text here < / nowiki > | = = federal republic of yugoslavia = = [[ image : yugoslaviamap . png | thumb | 200px | the federal republic of yugoslavia consisted of serbia and montenegro ]] the | |
| 177756970 | 0 | and a socialist autonomous district that were part of sr serbia . the federal capital was [[ belgrade ]] . republics and provinces were ( in alphabetical order ) : # | [[ | socialist republic of [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , with the capital in [[ sarajevo ]] , # socialist republic of [[ croatia ]] , with the capital in [[ zagreb | |
| 1 | ]] . republics and provinces were ( in alphabetical order ) : # socialist republic of [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , with the capital in [[ sarajevo ]] , # | [[ | socialist republic of [[ croatia ]] , with the capital in [[ zagreb ]] , # former yugoslav socialist republic of [[ macedonia ]] , with the capital in [[ skopje | ||
| 2 | [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , with the capital in [[ sarajevo ]] , # socialist republic of [[ croatia ]] , with the capital in [[ zagreb ]] , # | former yugoslav | [[ | socialist republic of [[ macedonia ]] , with the capital in [[ skopje ]] , # socialist republic of [[ montenegro ]] , with the capital in [[ podgorica | titograd | |
| 3 | [[ croatia ]] , with the capital in [[ zagreb ]] , # former yugoslav socialist republic of [[ macedonia ]] , with the capital in [[ skopje ]] , # | [[ | socialist republic of [[ montenegro ]] , with the capital in [[ podgorica | titograd ]] ( now podgorica ) , # socialist republic of [[ serbia ]] , with the | ||
| 4 | with the capital in [[ skopje ]] , # socialist republic of [[ montenegro ]] , with the capital in [[ podgorica | titograd ]] ( now podgorica ) , # | [[ | socialist republic of [[ serbia ]] , with the capital in [[ belgrade ]] , which also contained : < br / > 5a . socialist autonomous district of [[ kosovo | ||
| 8 | , with the capital in [[ priština ]] < br / > 5b . socialist autonomous province of [[ vojvodina ]] , with the capital in [[ novi sad ]] # | [[ | socialist republic of [[ slovenia ]] , with the capital in [[ ljubljana ]] . in 1974 , the two provinces of vojvodina and kosovo - metohija ( for the latter | ||
| 184057204 | 6 | democratic federation of yugoslavia ( dfy ) " ( 1943 ) , the " federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ( fpry ) " ( 1946 ) , and the | " | country was renamed again to | [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( sfry ) " ( 1963 ) . starting in 1991 , the sfry disintegrated in the [[ yugoslav wars ]] which followed the |
| 185860003 | 0 | was renamed to federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia . the parliamentary democracy was suspended and communist state was established . in 1963 , the country was renamed again to | ' ' ' | [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( sfry ) . starting in [[ 1991 ]] , the sfry disintegrated in the [[ yugoslav wars ]] which followed the secession of | |
| 186368893 | 0 | {st@rt} {{ see also | kingdom of | yugoslavia | yugosluckia | | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ image : locationyugoslavia2 . png | thumb | right | 200px | general location of the political entities |
| 186370192 | 0 | {st@rt} {{ see also | kingdom of | yugosluckia | yugoslavia | | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ image : locationyugoslavia2 . png | thumb | right | 200px | general location of the political entities |
| 192099051 | 5 | after referendum in montenegro , serbia and montenegro declared their independences * december , 2006 - present day , diplomatic talks on future status of kosovo began in [[ vienna ]] | . | = = federal republic of yugoslavia = = [[ image : yugoslaviamap . png | thumb | 200px | the federal republic of yugoslavia consisted of serbia and montenegro ]] the | |
| 192208519 | 0 | {st@rt} ' ' ' {{ see also | kingdom of | yugoslavia | fucking for life / gay assholes | | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ image : locationyugoslavia2 . png | thumb | right | 200px | general location of the political entities |
| 192208611 | 0 | {st@rt} ' ' ' {{ see also | kingdom of | fucking for life / gay assholes | yugoslavia | | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ image : locationyugoslavia2 . png | thumb | right | 200px | general location of the political entities |
| 194309979 | 3 | after referendum in montenegro , serbia and montenegro declared their independences * [[ february 17 ]] , [[ 2008 ]] , when [[ kosovo ]] declared independence from [[ serbia ]] | * [[ february 26 ]] , [[ 2008 ]] , when gurgie land takes over europe and forms the little - known gurgie empire . muahaha ! ! ! | = = federal republic of yugoslavia = = [[ image : yugoslaviamap . png | thumb | 200px | the federal republic of yugoslavia consisted of serbia and montenegro ]] the | |
| 194309999 | 3 | after referendum in montenegro , serbia and montenegro declared their independences * [[ february 17 ]] , [[ 2008 ]] , when [[ kosovo ]] declared independence from [[ serbia ]] | * [[ february 26 ]] , [[ 2008 ]] , when gurgie land takes over europe and forms the little - known gurgie empire . muahaha ! ! ! | = = federal republic of yugoslavia = = [[ image : yugoslaviamap . png | thumb | 200px | the federal republic of yugoslavia consisted of serbia and montenegro ]] the | |
| 197796559 | 0 | {st@rt} | ' ' ' {{ see also | kingdom of | i wanna bone | yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ image : locationyugoslavia2 . png | thumb | right | 200px | general location of the political |
| 208224493 | 0 | {st@rt} | ' ' ' {{ see also | kingdom of yugoslavia | | i am a shitface . | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ image : locationyugoslavia2 . png | thumb | right | 200px | general location of the political entities known |
| 208224515 | 0 | {st@rt} | i am a shitface . | ' ' ' {{ see also | kingdom of yugoslavia | | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ image : locationyugoslavia2 . png | thumb | right | 200px | general location of the political entities known |
| 228035680 | 0 | invaded by the [[ axis powers ]] in 1941 , and because of the events that followed , was officially abolished in 1945 . the second country with this name was | the | " democratic federal yugoslavia " , proclaimed in 1943 by the [[ communist ]] resistance movement in [[ world war ii ]] . it was renamed to the " federal people | |
| 231803887 | 31 | by the [[ axis powers ]] in 1941 , and because of the events that followed , was officially abolished in 1945 . the second country with this name was the | " | democratic federal yugoslavia " , proclaimed in 1943 by the [[ communist ]] resistance movement in [[ world war ii ]] . it was renamed to the " federal people ' | |
| 35 | renamed to the " federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia " in 1946 , when a communist government was established . in 1963 , it was renamed again to the | " | [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] " ( sfry ) . this was the largest yugoslav state , as [[ istria ]] was added to the new yugoslavia after the | ||
| 38 | in the [[ yugoslav wars ]] which followed the [[ secession ]] of most of the republic ' s constituent entities . the last country to bear the name was the | " | [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] " ( fry ) established on [[ march 27 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] . it was a [[ federation ]] on the territory of | ||
| 232996003 | 1 | the former parts of yugoslavia are : * [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] * [[ croatia ]] * [[ kosovo ]] ( only some nations recognize it as an independent country | , and the un has not done so | is [[ 2008 _ kosovo _ declaration _ of _ independence # international _ reaction | in dispute ]] | ) * [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] * [[ montenegro ]] * [[ serbia ]] * [[ slovenia ]] the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european |
| 249341441 | 0 | , with the capital in [[ podgorica | titograd ]] ( now podgorica ) , # [[ socialist republic of serbia ]] , with the capital in [[ belgrade ]] , | which also contained : < br / > 5a . [[ socialist autonomous province of kosovo ]] and metohija , with the capital in [[ priština ]] < br / > 5b . [[ socialist autonomous province of vojvodina ]] , with the capital in [[ novi sad ]] | # [[ socialist republic of slovenia ]] , with the capital in [[ ljubljana ]] . in 1974 , the two provinces of vojvodina and kosovo - metohija ( for the | |
| 251642390 | 0 | republic of bosnia and herzegovina ]] , with the capital in [[ sarajevo ]] , # [[ socialist republic of croatia ]] , with the capital in [[ zagreb ]] , | # [[ socialist republic of kosovo ]] , with th capital in [[ prishtina ]] , | # [[ socialist republic of macedonia ]] , with the capital in [[ skopje ]] , # [[ socialist republic of montenegro ]] , with the capital in [[ podgorica | | |
| 251642787 | 0 | republic of bosnia and herzegovina ]] , with the capital in [[ sarajevo ]] , # [[ socialist republic of croatia ]] , with the capital in [[ zagreb ]] , | # [[ socialist republic of kosovo ]] , with th capital in [[ prishtina ]] , | # [[ socialist republic of macedonia ]] , with the capital in [[ skopje ]] , # [[ socialist republic of montenegro ]] , with the capital in [[ podgorica | | |
| 251643970 | 0 | , with the capital in [[ podgorica | titograd ]] ( now podgorica ) , # [[ socialist republic of serbia ]] , with the capital in [[ belgrade ]] , | # [[ socialist autonomous province of kosova , with the capital in [[ prishtina ]] # [[ socialist autonomous province of vojvodina , with the capital in [[ novi sad ]] | # [[ socialist republic of slovenia ]] , with the capital in [[ ljubljana ]] . in 1974 , the two provinces of vojvodina and kosovo - metohija ( for the | |
| 251645066 | 0 | , and a socialist autonomous district that were part of sr serbia . the federal capital was [[ belgrade ]] . republics and provinces were ( in alphabetical order ) : | # | * | [[ socialist republic of bosnia and herzegovina ]] , with the capital in [[ sarajevo ]] , # [[ socialist republic of croatia ]] , with the capital in [[ zagreb |
| 1 | belgrade ]] . republics and provinces were ( in alphabetical order ) : # [[ socialist republic of bosnia and herzegovina ]] , with the capital in [[ sarajevo ]] , | # | * | [[ socialist republic of croatia ]] , with the capital in [[ zagreb ]] , # [[ socialist autonomous province of kosova ]] , with the capital in [[ prishtina ]] | |
| 2 | republic of bosnia and herzegovina ]] , with the capital in [[ sarajevo ]] , # [[ socialist republic of croatia ]] , with the capital in [[ zagreb ]] , | # [[ socialist autonomous province of kosova ]] , with the capital in [[ prishtina ]] # | * | [[ socialist republic of macedonia ]] , with the capital in [[ skopje ]] , # [[ socialist republic of montenegro ]] , with the capital in [[ podgorica | titograd | |
| 3 | [[ socialist autonomous province of kosova ]] , with the capital in [[ prishtina ]] # [[ socialist republic of macedonia ]] , with the capital in [[ skopje ]] , | # | * | [[ socialist republic of montenegro ]] , with the capital in [[ podgorica | titograd ]] ( now podgorica ) , # [[ socialist republic of serbia ]] , with the | |
| 4 | , with the capital in [[ skopje ]] , # [[ socialist republic of montenegro ]] , with the capital in [[ podgorica | titograd ]] ( now podgorica ) , | # | * | [[ socialist republic of serbia ]] , with the capital in [[ belgrade ]] , # [[ socialist republic of slovenia ]] , with the capital in [[ ljubljana ]] , | |
| 5 | , with the capital in [[ podgorica | titograd ]] ( now podgorica ) , # [[ socialist republic of serbia ]] , with the capital in [[ belgrade ]] , | # | including : * * | [[ socialist republic of slovenia ]] , with the capital in [[ ljubljana ]] , # [[ socialist autonomous province of vojvodina ]] , with the capital in [[ novi sad | |
| 251645247 | 0 | [[ belgrade ]] . republics and provinces were ( in alphabetical order ) : * [[ socialist republic of bosnia and herzegovina ]] , with the capital in [[ sarajevo ]] | , | ; | * [[ socialist republic of croatia ]] , with the capital in [[ zagreb ]] , * [[ socialist republic of macedonia ]] , with the capital in [[ skopje ]] |
| 1 | socialist republic of bosnia and herzegovina ]] , with the capital in [[ sarajevo ]] , * [[ socialist republic of croatia ]] , with the capital in [[ zagreb ]] | , | ; | * [[ socialist republic of macedonia ]] , with the capital in [[ skopje ]] , * [[ socialist republic of montenegro ]] , with the capital in [[ podgorica | | |
| 2 | * [[ socialist republic of croatia ]] , with the capital in [[ zagreb ]] , * [[ socialist republic of macedonia ]] , with the capital in [[ skopje ]] | , | ; | * [[ socialist republic of montenegro ]] , with the capital in [[ podgorica | titograd ]] ( now podgorica ) , * [[ socialist republic of serbia ]] , with | |
| 3 | ]] , with the capital in [[ skopje ]] , * [[ socialist republic of montenegro ]] , with the capital in [[ podgorica | titograd ]] ( now podgorica ) | , | ; | * [[ socialist republic of serbia ]] , with the capital in [[ belgrade ]] , including : * * [[ socialist autonomous province of kosova ]] , with the capital | |
| 4 | of serbia ]] , with the capital in [[ belgrade ]] , including : * * [[ socialist autonomous province of kosova ]] , with the capital in [[ prishtina ]] | , | * * [[ socialist autonomous province of vojvodina ]] , with the capital in [[ novi sad ]] . * [[ socialist republic of slovenia ]] , with the capital in | ||
| 255553028 | 6 | {st@rt} {{ refimprove | date = september 2008 }} {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia | | socialist | federal republic of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ image : locationyugoslavia2 . png | thumb | right | 300px | general location of the political entities known as | |
| 255553113 | 2 | {st@rt} {{ refimprove | date = september 2008 }} {{ main | kingdom of yugoslobia | federal | abomination | republic | of yugoslobia | federal abomination of yugoslobia }} [[ image : locationyugoslavia2 . png | thumb | right | 300px | general location of the political entities known as yugoslobia . |
| 257767654 | 0 | , and a socialist autonomous district that were part of sr serbia . the federal capital was [[ belgrade ]] . republics and provinces were ( in alphabetical order ) : | * | { | class = " wikitable " ! < center > ' ' ' [[ list of countries | name ]] ' ' ' < / center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' [[ capital city | capital ]] ' ' ' < / center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' [[ flag ]] ' ' ' < / center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' [[ coat of arms ]] ' ' ' < / center > | - | 1 . | [[ socialist republic of bosnia and herzegovina ]] , with the capital in [[ sarajevo ]] ; * [[ socialist republic of croatia ]] , with the capital in [[ zagreb |
| 3 | [[ belgrade ]] . republics and provinces were ( in alphabetical order ) : * [[ socialist republic of bosnia and herzegovina ]] , with the capital in [[ sarajevo ]] | < / center > | - | 4 . [[ socialist republic of montenegro ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % | ; * [[ socialist republic of croatia ]] , with the capital in [[ zagreb ]] ; * [[ socialist republic of macedonia ]] , with the capital in [[ skopje | ||
| 17 | prishtina ]] , * * [[ autonomous province of vojvodina ( 1945 - 1963 ) | autonomous province of vojvodina ]] , with the capital in [[ novi sad ]] . | svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ image : sr serbia coa . png | 40px ]] < / center > | - | 6 . [[ socialist republic of slovenia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ ljubljana ]] | < center > [[ image : flag of sr slovenia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ image : sr slovenia coa . png | 40px ]] < / center > | - | } {{ smaller | < nowiki > | * [[ socialist republic of slovenia ]] , with the capital in [[ ljubljana ]] . in 1974 , the two provinces of vojvodina and kosovo - metohija ( for the | ||
| 18 | ]] , * * [[ autonomous province of vojvodina ( 1945 - 1963 ) | autonomous province of vojvodina ]] , with the capital in [[ novi sad ]] . * | < / nowiki > now | [[ socialist republic of slovenia ]] , with the capital in [[ ljubljana ]] . in 1974 , the two provinces of vojvodina and kosovo - metohija ( for the latter | ||
| 277851849 | 0 | , 2006 , after referendum in montenegro , serbia and montenegro declared their independence * february 17 , 2008 , when [[ kosovo ]] unilaterally declared independence from [[ serbia ]] | although this independence is still not recognized by russia or china | = = federal republic of yugoslavia = = {{ main | federal republic of yugoslavia }} {{ see also | kosovo war }} [[ file : yugoslaviamap . png | thumb | |
| 277856377 | 1 | , 2006 , after referendum in montenegro , serbia and montenegro declared their independence * february 17 , 2008 , when [[ kosovo ]] unilaterally declared independence from [[ serbia ]] | although this independence is still not recognized by russia , or china | = = federal republic of yugoslavia = = {{ main | federal republic of yugoslavia }} {{ see also | kosovo war }} [[ file : yugoslaviamap . png | thumb | |
| 284180004 | 0 | declared its independence on 5 april , and the serbs immediately declared the independence of republika srpska . the [[ bosnian war | war in bosnia ]] followed shortly thereafter . | = = = = the end of the second yugoslavia = = = = various dates are considered as the end of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia : * june 25 , 1991 , when [[ croatia ]] and [[ slovenia ]] declared independence * september 8 , 1991 , following a referendum the [[ republic of macedonia ]] declared independence * october 8 , 1991 , when the july 9 moratorium on slovenian and croatian secession was ended and croatia restated its independence in croatian parliament ( that day is celebrated as independence day in croatia ) * january 15 , 1992 , when slovenia and croatia were internationally recognized by most european countries * april 6 , 1992 , full recognition of [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] ’ s independence by the united states and most european countries * april 28 , 1992 , [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] is formed * november 1995 , [[ dayton agreement ]] is signed by leaders of fr yugoslavia , bosnia and herzegovina and croatia * june 14 , 1996 , the [[ agreement on sub - regional arms control ]] is signed , limiting the military equipment of fr yugoslavia , bosnia and herzegovina and croatia * 1996 - 1999 , clashes between yugoslav army and [[ kosovo liberation army | kla ]] * march 24 - june 10 , 1999 , nato bombing of fr yugoslavia * june 1999 , [[ un ]] and [[ nato ]] administration arrived in [[ kosovo ]] * february 5 , 2003 , state union of serbia and montenegro announced * june 5 , 2006 , after referendum in montenegro , serbia and montenegro declared their independence * february 17 , 2008 , when [[ kosovo ]] unilaterally declared independence from [[ serbia ]] | first world war | = = federal republic of yugoslavia = = {{ main | federal republic of yugoslavia }} {{ see also | kosovo war }} [[ file : yugoslaviamap . png | thumb |
| 284180078 | 0 | declared its independence on 5 april , and the serbs immediately declared the independence of republika srpska . the [[ bosnian war | war in bosnia ]] followed shortly thereafter . | first world war | = = = = the end of the second yugoslavia = = = = various dates are considered as the end of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia : * june 25 , 1991 , when [[ croatia ]] and [[ slovenia ]] declared independence * september 8 , 1991 , following a referendum the [[ republic of macedonia ]] declared independence * october 8 , 1991 , when the july 9 moratorium on slovenian and croatian secession was ended and croatia restated its independence in croatian parliament ( that day is celebrated as independence day in croatia ) * january 15 , 1992 , when slovenia and croatia were internationally recognized by most european countries * april 6 , 1992 , full recognition of [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] ’ s independence by the united states and most european countries * april 28 , 1992 , [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] is formed * november 1995 , [[ dayton agreement ]] is signed by leaders of fr yugoslavia , bosnia and herzegovina and croatia * june 14 , 1996 , the [[ agreement on sub - regional arms control ]] is signed , limiting the military equipment of fr yugoslavia , bosnia and herzegovina and croatia * 1996 - 1999 , clashes between yugoslav army and [[ kosovo liberation army | kla ]] * march 24 - june 10 , 1999 , nato bombing of fr yugoslavia * june 1999 , [[ un ]] and [[ nato ]] administration arrived in [[ kosovo ]] * february 5 , 2003 , state union of serbia and montenegro announced * june 5 , 2006 , after referendum in montenegro , serbia and montenegro declared their independence * february 17 , 2008 , when [[ kosovo ]] unilaterally declared independence from [[ serbia ]] | = = federal republic of yugoslavia = = {{ main | federal republic of yugoslavia }} {{ see also | kosovo war }} [[ file : yugoslaviamap . png | thumb |
| 318046156 | 2 | width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : sr bosnia and herzegovina coa . png | 40px ]] < / center > | - | 2 . | png | 60px ]] < / center > | . [[ socialist republic of croatia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ zagreb ]] | < center > [[ file : flag | |
| 6 | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : sr croatia coa . png | 40px ]] < center > | - | 3 . | png | 60px ]] < / center > | . [[ socialist republic of macedonia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ skopje ]] | < center > [[ file : flag | ||
| 9 | center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of the republic of macedonia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | 4 . | png | 60px ]] < / center > | . [[ socialist republic of montenegro ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ titograd ]] < nowiki > * < / nowiki > | ||
| 12 | | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : sr montenegro coa . png | 40px ]] < / center > | - | 5 . | png | 60px ]] < / center > | . [[ socialist republic of serbia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ belgrade ]] | < center > [[ file : flag | ||
| 13 | > | < center > [[ file : sr montenegro coa . png | 40px ]] < / center > | - | 5 . [[ socialist republic of serbia ]] | | | [[ socialist republic of serbia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ belgrade ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of | ||
| 324183845 | 0 | montenegro declared their independence and serbia stated it is the successor of the state union . * february 17 , 2008 , [[ kosovo ]] declared independence from [[ serbia ]] | it sucked my azz | = = federal republic of yugoslavia = = {{ main | federal republic of yugoslavia }} {{ see also | kosovo war }} [[ file : yugoslaviamap . png | thumb | |
| 324184685 | 0 | and serbia stated it is the successor of the state union . * february 17 , 2008 , [[ kosovo ]] declared independence from [[ serbia ]] it sucked my azz | on may 21 , 2006 , 86 percent of eligible montenegrin voters turned out for a special referendum on the independence of [[ montenegro ]] from the state union with serbia . they voted 55 . 5 % in favor of independence , reaching the 55 % threshold set by the [[ european union ]] . on june 3 , 2006 , montenegro officially declared its independence , with serbia following suit two days later , effectively dissolving one of the last vestiges of the former yugoslavia . | = = federal republic of yugoslavia = = {{ main | federal republic of yugoslavia }} {{ see also | kosovo war }} [[ file : yugoslaviamap . png | thumb | |
| 329283670 | 0 | {st@rt} {{ refimprove | date = september 2008 }} {{ main | kingdom of | yugoslavia | yugoslamania | | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ file : locationyugoslavia2 . png | thumb | right | 300px | general location of the political entities |
| 329284590 | 0 | {st@rt} {{ refimprove | date = september 2008 }} {{ main | kingdom of | yugoslamania | yugoslavia | | socialist federal republic of yugoslamania | federal republic of yugoslamania }} [[ file : locationyugoslamania2 . png | thumb | right | 300px | general location of the political entities |
| 337642740 | 4 | this name was the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , which before 3 october 1929 was known as the ' ' kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ' ' . | it was established on 1 december 1918 by the union of the [[ state of slovenes , croats and serbs ]] and the [[ kingdom of serbia ]] ( to which the [[ kingdom of montenegro ]] was annexed on 13 november 1918 , and the conference of ambassadors in [[ paris ]] gave international recognition to the union on 13 july 1922 < ref > http : / / www . orderofdanilo . org / en / family / index . htm < / ref > ) . the kingdom of yugoslavia was invaded by the [[ axis powers ]] in 1941 , and because of the events that followed , was officially abolished in 1943 and 1945 . the second country with this name was the democratic federal yugoslavia , proclaimed in 1943 by the [[ yugoslav partisans ]] resistance movement in [[ world war ii ]] . it was renamed to the federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia in 1946 , when a communist government was established . in 1963 , it was renamed again to the | * | [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( sfry ) . this was the largest yugoslav state , as [[ istria ]] and [[ rijeka ]] were added to the new |
| 8 | , [[ un ]] and [[ nato ]] administration arrived in [[ kosovo ]] * february 5 , 2003 , state union of serbia and montenegro constituted * june 5 , | 2006 , after referendum in montenegro , montenegro declared their independence and serbia stated it is the successor of the state union . * february 17 , 2008 , [[ kosovo ]] declared independence from [[ serbia ]] = = federal republic of yugoslavia = = {{ main | federal republic of yugoslavia }} {{ see also | kosovo war }} [[ file : yugoslaviamap . png | thumb | 250px | | initially known as | the federal republic of yugoslavia consisted of montenegro and serbia ]] the [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( fry ) was formed on april 28 , 1992 , and it | |
| 337768752 | 7 | yugoslavia ' ' ' may refer to : * [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ( 1918 - 1943 ) , initially known as the kingdom of serbs croats and slovenes . | * | it was established on 1 december 1918 by the union of the [[ state of slovenes , croats and serbs ]] and the [[ kingdom of serbia ]] ( to which the [[ kingdom of montenegro ]] was annexed on 13 november 1918 , and the conference of ambassadors in [[ paris ]] gave international recognition to the union on 13 july 1922 < ref > http : / / www . orderofdanilo . org / en / family / index . htm < / ref > ) . the kingdom of yugoslavia was invaded by the [[ axis powers ]] in 1941 , and because of the events that followed , was officially abolished in 1943 and 1945 . the second country with this name was the democratic federal yugoslavia , proclaimed in 1943 by the [[ yugoslav partisans ]] resistance movement in [[ world war ii ]] . it was renamed to the federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia in 1946 , when a communist government was established . in 1963 , it was renamed again to the | [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( sfr yugoslavia ; 1943 - 1992 ) , also initially known as the democratic federal yugoslavia ( df yugoslavia ) , and federal |
| 15 | df yugoslavia ) , and federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ( fpr yugoslavia ) * [[ serbia and montenegro ]] ( 1992 - 2006 ) , state union , | initially a federal state known as | 2006 , after referendum in montenegro , montenegro declared their independence and serbia stated it is the successor of the state union . * february 17 , 2008 , [[ kosovo ]] declared independence from [[ serbia ]] = = federal republic of yugoslavia = = {{ main | federal republic of yugoslavia }} {{ see also | kosovo war }} [[ file : yugoslaviamap . png | thumb | 250px | | the federal republic of yugoslavia {{ disambig }} [[ af : joegoslawië ]] [[ ar : يوغوسلافيا ]] [[ ast : yugoslavia ]] [[ az : yuqoslaviya ]] [[ be : | |
| 337769009 | 4 | this name was the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , which before 3 october 1929 was known as the ' ' kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ' ' . | it was established on 1 december 1918 by the union of the [[ state of slovenes , croats and serbs ]] and the [[ kingdom of serbia ]] ( to which the [[ kingdom of montenegro ]] was annexed on 13 november 1918 , and the conference of ambassadors in [[ paris ]] gave international recognition to the union on 13 july 1922 < ref > http : / / www . orderofdanilo . org / en / family / index . htm < / ref > ) . the kingdom of yugoslavia was invaded by the [[ axis powers ]] in 1941 , and because of the events that followed , was officially abolished in 1943 and 1945 . the second country with this name was the democratic federal yugoslavia , proclaimed in 1943 by the [[ yugoslav partisans ]] resistance movement in [[ world war ii ]] . it was renamed to the federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia in 1946 , when a communist government was established . in 1963 , it was renamed again to the | * | [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( sfry ) . this was the largest yugoslav state , as [[ istria ]] and [[ rijeka ]] were added to the new |
| 8 | , [[ un ]] and [[ nato ]] administration arrived in [[ kosovo ]] * february 5 , 2003 , state union of serbia and montenegro constituted * june 5 , | 2006 , after referendum in montenegro , montenegro declared their independence and serbia stated it is the successor of the state union . * february 17 , 2008 , [[ kosovo ]] declared independence from [[ serbia ]] = = federal republic of yugoslavia = = {{ main | federal republic of yugoslavia }} {{ see also | kosovo war }} [[ file : yugoslaviamap . png | thumb | 250px | | initially a federal state known as | the federal republic of yugoslavia consisted of montenegro and serbia ]] the [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( fry ) was formed on april 28 , 1992 , and it | |
| 337769485 | 7 | yugoslavia ' ' ' may refer to : * [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ( 1918 - 1943 ) , initially known as the kingdom of serbs croats and slovenes . | * | it was established on 1 december 1918 by the union of the [[ state of slovenes , croats and serbs ]] and the [[ kingdom of serbia ]] ( to which the [[ kingdom of montenegro ]] was annexed on 13 november 1918 , and the conference of ambassadors in [[ paris ]] gave international recognition to the union on 13 july 1922 < ref > http : / / www . orderofdanilo . org / en / family / index . htm < / ref > ) . the kingdom of yugoslavia was invaded by the [[ axis powers ]] in 1941 , and because of the events that followed , was officially abolished in 1943 and 1945 . the second country with this name was the democratic federal yugoslavia , proclaimed in 1943 by the [[ yugoslav partisans ]] resistance movement in [[ world war ii ]] . it was renamed to the federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia in 1946 , when a communist government was established . in 1963 , it was renamed again to the | [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( sfr yugoslavia ; 1943 - 1992 ) , also initially known as the democratic federal yugoslavia ( df yugoslavia ) , and federal |
| 15 | df yugoslavia ) , and federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ( fpr yugoslavia ) * [[ serbia and montenegro ]] ( 1992 - 2006 ) , state union , | initially a federal state known as | 2006 , after referendum in montenegro , montenegro declared their independence and serbia stated it is the successor of the state union . * february 17 , 2008 , [[ kosovo ]] declared independence from [[ serbia ]] = = federal republic of yugoslavia = = {{ main | federal republic of yugoslavia }} {{ see also | kosovo war }} [[ file : yugoslaviamap . png | thumb | 250px | | the federal republic of yugoslavia {{ disambig }} [[ af : joegoslawië ]] [[ ar : يوغوسلافيا ]] [[ ast : yugoslavia ]] [[ az : yuqoslaviya ]] [[ be : | |
| 337777732 | 4 | this name was the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , which before 3 october 1929 was known as the ' ' kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ' ' . | it was established on 1 december 1918 by the union of the [[ state of slovenes , croats and serbs ]] and the [[ kingdom of serbia ]] ( to which the [[ kingdom of montenegro ]] was annexed on 13 november 1918 , and the conference of ambassadors in [[ paris ]] gave international recognition to the union on 13 july 1922 < ref > http : / / www . orderofdanilo . org / en / family / index . htm < / ref > ) . the kingdom of yugoslavia was invaded by the [[ axis powers ]] in 1941 , and because of the events that followed , was officially abolished in 1943 and 1945 . the second country with this name was the democratic federal yugoslavia , proclaimed in 1943 by the [[ yugoslav partisans ]] resistance movement in [[ world war ii ]] . it was renamed to the federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia in 1946 , when a communist government was established . in 1963 , it was renamed again to the | * | [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( sfry ) . this was the largest yugoslav state , as [[ istria ]] and [[ rijeka ]] were added to the new |
| 8 | , [[ un ]] and [[ nato ]] administration arrived in [[ kosovo ]] * february 5 , 2003 , state union of serbia and montenegro constituted * june 5 , | 2006 , after referendum in montenegro , montenegro declared their independence and serbia stated it is the successor of the state union . * february 17 , 2008 , [[ kosovo ]] declared independence from [[ serbia ]] = = federal republic of yugoslavia = = {{ main | federal republic of yugoslavia }} {{ see also | kosovo war }} [[ file : yugoslaviamap . png | thumb | 250px | | initially a federal state known as | the federal republic of yugoslavia consisted of montenegro and serbia ]] the [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( fry ) was formed on april 28 , 1992 , and it | |
| 338545828 | 7 | yugoslavia ' ' ' may refer to : * [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ( 1918 - 1943 ) , initially known as the kingdom of serbs croats and slovenes . | * | ' ' | [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( sfr yugoslavia ; 1943 - 1992 ) , also initially known as the democratic federal yugoslavia ( df yugoslavia ) , and federal |
| 14 | the democratic federal yugoslavia ( df yugoslavia ) , and federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ( fpr yugoslavia ) * [[ serbia and montenegro | federal republic of yugoslavia | ]] , and officially abolished the name " yugoslavia " . on june 3 and june 5 , 2006 respectively , [[ montenegro ]] and [[ serbia ]] declared independence , thereby ending the yugoslav state . [[ kosovo ]] declared independence in 2008 . its statehood is , however , still disputed . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} yugoslavia was the idea for a single state for all [[ south slavs | south slavic ]] [[ intelligentsia ]] and emerged in the late 17th and gained prominence in the 19th century [[ illyrian movement ]] , that culminated in the realization of the ideal with the 1918 collapse of [[ house of habsburg | habsburg ]] [[ austria - hungary ]] at the end of [[ world war i ]] and the formation of the [[ kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ]] . however , the kingdom was better known , colloquially as well as even on maps , as yugoslavia ( or jugo - slavia in the rest of europe ) ; in 1929 it was formally renamed the " kingdom of yugoslavia " . = = kingdom of yugoslavia = = < gallery align = right perrow = 6 > file : flag of the kingdom of yugoslavia . svg | < center > [[ flag of the kingdom of yugoslavia | flag ]] < / center > file : coat of arms of the kingdom of yugoslavia . svg | < center > [[ coat of arms of the kingdom of yugoslavia | coat of arms ]] < / center > < / gallery > [[ file : banovine kj . jpg | thumb | 250px | right | the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] and its [[ kingdom of yugoslavia # internal divisions | banovinas ]] in 1929 ]] {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia }} = = = 1918 – 1928 = = = yugoslavia was formed after [[ world war i ]] as what was commonly called at the time a " [[ versailles ]] state " . = = = king alexander ' s period = = = king [[ alexander i of yugoslavia | alexander i ]] banned national political parties in 1929 , assumed executive power and renamed the country yugoslavia . he hoped to curb separatist tendencies and mitigate nationalist passions . however , alexander ' s policies later encountered opposition from other european powers stemming from developments in italy and germany , where [[ fascism | fascists ]] and [[ nazism | nazis ]] rose to power , and the [[ soviet union ]] , where [[ joseph stalin | stalin ]] became absolute ruler . none of these three regimes favored the policy pursued by alexander i . in fact , italy and germany wanted to revise the international treaties signed after world war i , and the soviets were determined to regain their positions in europe and pursue a more active international policy . alexander attempted to create a centralized yugoslavia . he decided to abolish yugoslavia ' s historic regions , and new internal boundaries were drawn for provinces or banovinas . the banovinas were named after rivers . many politicians were jailed or kept under police surveillance . the effect of alexander ' s dictatorship was to further alienate the non - serbs from the idea of unity . < ref > {{ cite book | url = http : / / books . google . com / books ? id = xcp7oxqe0fmc & pg = pa624 | title = the balkans since 1453 | page = 624 }} < / ref > during his reign the flags of yugoslav nations were banned , communist ideas were banned also . the king was assassinated in [[ marseille ]] during an official visit to france in 1934 by an experienced [[ vlado chernozemski | marksman ]] from [[ ivan mihailov | ivan mihailov ' s ]] [[ internal macedonian revolutionary organization ]] in the cooperation of the [[ ustaše ]] , a croatian fascist revolutionary organization . alexander was succeeded by his eleven year old son [[ peter ii of yugoslavia | peter ii ]] and a regency council headed by his cousin [[ prince paul of yugoslavia | prince paul ]] . = = = the 1930s in yugoslavia = = = the international political scene in the late 1930s was marked by growing intolerance between the principal figures , by the aggressive attitude of the [[ totalitarianism | totalitarian ]] regimes and by the certainty that the order set up after world war i was losing its strongholds and its sponsors were losing their strength . supported and pressured by [[ italian fascism | fascist italy ]] and [[ nazi germany ]] , croatian leader [[ vladko maček ]] and his party managed the creation of the [[ banovina of croatia ]] ( autonomous region with significant internal self - government ) in 1939 . the agreement specified that croatia was to remain part of yugoslavia , but it was hurriedly building an independent political identity in international relations . the entire kingdom was to be federalized but [[ world war ii ]] stopped the fulfillment of those plans . prince paul submitted to the fascist pressure and signed the [[ tripartite treaty ]] in [[ vienna ]] on march 25 , 1941 , hoping to still keep yugoslavia out of the war . but this was at the expense of popular support for paul ' s regency . senior military officers were | federal republic of yugoslavia ]] , initially and for the most of its existence a federal state , eventually became known in 2003 as a state union of serbia and montenegro | ||
| 343664317 | 2 | 5 , 2006 , after referendum in montenegro , montenegro declared their independence and serbia stated it is the successor of the state union . * february 17 , 2008 , | [[ kosovo ]] declared independence from [[ serbia ]] | penguin is a hot mess in yugoslavia and it is no longer a friggin country | = = federal republic of yugoslavia = = {{ main | federal republic of yugoslavia }} {{ see also | kosovo war }} [[ file : yugoslaviamap . png | thumb |
| 343664397 | 2 | 5 , 2006 , after referendum in montenegro , montenegro declared their independence and serbia stated it is the successor of the state union . * february 12 , 2010 , | penguin is a hot mess in yugoslavia and it is no longer a friggin country | [[ kosovo ]] declared independence from [[ serbia ]] | = = federal republic of yugoslavia = = {{ main | federal republic of yugoslavia }} {{ see also | kosovo war }} [[ file : yugoslaviamap . png | thumb |
| 413826777 | 0 | {st@rt} {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} {{ refimprove | date = september 2008 }} {{ see also | | kingdom of yugoslavia | | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ file : locationyugoslavia2 . png | thumb | right | 300px | general location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . the | |
| 441313646 | 148 | european countries * april 6 , 1992 , full recognition of [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] ’ s independence by the u . s . and most european countries * april | 28 , | 1992 , [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] is formed * november 1995 , [[ dayton agreement ]] is signed by leaders of fr yugoslavia , bosnia and herzegovina and croatia | |
| 468741070 | 8 | sfry disintegrated in the [[ yugoslav wars ]] which followed the [[ secession ]] of most of the country ' s constituent entities . the next yugoslavia , known as the | [[ | federal republic of yugoslavia ]] , existed until 2003 , when it was renamed [[ serbia and montenegro ]] . = = background = = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia | |
| 493354776 | 2 | sfry disintegrated in the [[ yugoslav wars ]] which followed the [[ secession ]] of most of the country ' s constituent entities . the next yugoslavia , known as the | [[ | federal republic of yugoslavia , existed until 2003 , when it was renamed [[ serbia and montenegro ]] . = = background = = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} | |
| 495585894 | 22 | kingdom of yugoslavia was invaded by the [[ axis powers ]] in 1941 , and because of the events that followed , was officially abolished in 1943 and 1945 . the | second country with this name was the | democratic federal yugoslavia , proclaimed in 1943 by the [[ yugoslav partisans ]] resistance movement during world war ii . it was renamed to the federal people ' s republic of | |
| 495666744 | 10 | kingdom of yugoslavia was invaded by the [[ axis powers ]] in 1941 , and because of the events that followed , was officially abolished in 1943 and 1945 . the | second country with this name was the | democratic federal yugoslavia was proclaimed in 1943 by the [[ yugoslav partisans | partisans ]] resistance movement during [[ world war ii ]] . it was renamed to the federal people | |
| 495668696 | 26 | kingdom of yugoslavia was invaded by the [[ axis powers ]] in 1941 , and because of the events that followed , was officially abolished in 1943 and 1945 . the | second country with this name was the | democratic federal yugoslavia , proclaimed in 1943 by the [[ yugoslav partisans ]] resistance movement during world war ii . it was renamed to the federal people ' s republic of | |
| 496174460 | 10 | = = sfr yugoslavia = = {{ main | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ file : flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | thumb | right | flag of | [[ | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] [[ file : sfryugoslavianumbered . png | thumb | 250px | right | republics and provinces of yugoslavia ]] on 29 november 1945 , while | |
| 562701743 | 1 | / ref > the kingdom of yugoslavia was invaded by the [[ axis powers ]] in 1941 , and because of the events that followed , was officially abolished in 1943 | and 1945 . the | , | democratic federal yugoslavia was proclaimed in 1943 by the [[ yugoslav partisans | partisans ]] resistance movement during [[ world war ii ]] . it was renamed to the federal people |
| 575358692 | 6 | org / en / family / index . htm < / ref > the kingdom of yugoslavia was invaded by the [[ axis powers ]] in 1941 . in 1943 , | a | democratic federal yugoslavia was proclaimed by the [[ yugoslav partisans | partisan resistance ]] . in 1944 , the king recognised it as the legitimate government , but in november 1945 | |
| 578523219 | 4 | ]] were added to the new yugoslavia after the end of world war ii . the constituent six socialist republics and two socialist autonomous provinces that made up the country were | : | [[ socialist republic of bosnia and herzegovina | sr bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ socialist republic of croatia | sr croatia ]] , [[ socialist republic of macedonia | sr | |
| 588344999 | 16 | = 24 march 1999 | accessdate = 29 december 2010 }} < / ref > starting in 1991 , yugoslavia disintegrated in the [[ yugoslav wars ]] . one of the | successor states was also known as the | breakup , republics of [[ serbia ]] and [[ montenegro ]] formed a reduced federation , | [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( fry ) until 2003 . the fry aspired to be a sole [[ succession of states | legal successor ]] to the [[ socialist |
| 602540428 | 0 | {st@rt} {{ about | the former country in the western balkans | the asteroid | 1554 yugoslavia }} {{ see also | | kingdom of yugoslavia | | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - | |
| 605734258 | 1 | first into five countries , leading to the [[ yugoslav wars ]] . after the breakup , republics of [[ serbia ]] and [[ montenegro ]] formed a reduced federation , | the | [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( fry ) , aspiring for the status of sole [[ succession of states | legal successor ]] to the sfry , but those claims | |
| 687666912 | 2 | 1963 , the country was renamed again to the [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( sfry ) . the constituent six socialist republics that made up the country were | the | [[ socialist republic of bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ socialist republic of croatia | sr croatia ]] , [[ socialist republic of macedonia | sr macedonia ]] , [[ socialist | |
| 698862951 | 0 | zadar ]] from italy . partisan leader [[ josip broz tito ]] ruled the country as president until his death in 1980 . in 1963 , the country was renamed again | to | as | the [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( sfry ) . the constituent six socialist republics that made up the country were the [[ socialist republic of bosnia and herzegovina |
| 702212547 | 0 | = = sfr yugoslavia = = {{ main | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ file : flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | thumb | 250px | flag of | the | [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ]] on 11 november 1945 [[ yugoslavian parliamentary election , 1945 | elections ]] were held with only the communist - led national front | |
| 702550312 | 28 | yugoslavia ]] on 3 october 1929 , it was [[ invasion of yugoslavia | invaded ]] by the [[ axis powers ]] on 6 april 1941 . in 1943 , a | [[ | democratic federal yugoslavia was proclaimed by the [[ yugoslav partisans | partisan resistance ]] . in 1944 , the king recognised it as the legitimate government , but in november 1945 | |
| 702589142 | 28 | , it was [[ invasion of yugoslavia | invaded ]] by the [[ axis powers ]] on [[ 6 april ]] [[ 1941 ]] . in [[ 1943 ]] , a | [[ | democratic federal yugoslavia ]] was proclaimed by the [[ yugoslav partisans | partisan resistance ]] . in [[ 1944 ]] , the king recognised it as the legitimate government , but | |
| 768996113 | 13 | from italy . partisan leader [[ josip broz tito ]] ruled the country as president until his death in 1980 . in 1963 , the country was renamed again as the | ' ' ' | [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( sfry ) . the constituent six socialist republics that made up the country were the [[ socialist republic of bosnia and herzegovina | | |
| 15 | [[ republic of serbia ( 1992 – 2006 ) | serbia ]] and [[ republic of montenegro ( 1992 – 2006 ) | montenegro ]] formed a reduced federation , the | ' ' ' | [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( fry ) , which aspired to the status of sole [[ succession of states | legal successor ]] to the sfry , but those | ||
| 772700676 | 2 | [[ republic of serbia ( 1992 – 2006 ) | serbia ]] and [[ republic of montenegro ( 1992 – 2006 ) | montenegro ]] formed a reduced federation , the | ' ' ' [[ | federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' ( fry ) , which aspired to the status of sole [[ succession of states | legal successor ]] to the sfry , | |
| 772701137 | 5 | [[ republic of serbia ( 1992 – 2006 ) | serbia ]] and [[ republic of montenegro ( 1992 – 2006 ) | montenegro ]] formed a reduced federation , the | [[ | federal republic of yugoslavia ( fry ) , which aspired to the status of sole [[ succession of states | legal successor ]] to the sfry , but those claims were | |
| 19 | from italy . partisan leader [[ josip broz tito ]] ruled the country as president until his death in 1980 . in 1963 , the country was renamed again as the | ' ' ' | [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' ( sfry ) . the constituent six socialist republics that made up the country were the [[ socialist republic of bosnia | ||
| 819821056 | 13 | | capital = [[ belgrade ]] | demonym = | common _ languages = | government _ type = [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ( 1918 - 45 ) < br | / | > [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( 1945 - 92 ) | title _ leader = | leader1 = | year _ leader1 = | event _ start = | |
| 859418279 | 3 | {st@rt} {{ for2 | the 1918 – 1941 kingdom | [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] | the 1945 – 1992 socialist federation | | [[ | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] | the 1992 – 2006 federation and confederation between serbia and montenegro | [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] }} {{ pp - semi | |
| left_string | del_string | ins_string | right_string | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 34484 | 7 | b > yu during most of the 20th century , a number of states in the balkan was unified under the name of the socialist federal republic of [[ yugoslavia ]] | . all of them but [[ serbia ]] and [[ montenegro ]] left the federation in the 1990s | . the united nations , and many other states ( including the [[ united states ]] ) refused to recognize the remaining confederation of serbia and montenegro as the continuation of | |
| 202246 | 17 | economy | economy ]] * [[ yugoslavia / communications | communications ]] * [[ yugoslavia / transportation | transportation ]] * [[ yugoslavia / military | military ]] * [[ yugoslavia | / transnational issues | transnational issues | ]] | |
| 588259 | 0 | the various peoples grew , and since [[ 1991 ]] , [[ slovenia ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] and [[ former yugoslav republic of macedonia | | the macedonian republic | ]] ( f . y . r . o . m . ) all gained their independence . nowadays the only remaining republics are [[ serbia ]] and [[ montenegro ]] | |
| 642225 | 1 | float : right " > [[ image : yugoslavia _ flag _ medium . png ]] < / div > the federal republic of ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' | is | has been | a country in southeastern [[ europe ]] , formed in [[ 1918 ]] as the [[ kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ]] and renamed kingdom of yugoslavia in 1929 |
| 823595 | 0 | _ flag _ medium . png ]] < / div > until [[ february 4 ]] , [[ 2003 ]] the federal republic of ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' | has been | existed as | a country in southeastern [[ europe ]] , formed in [[ 1918 ]] as the [[ kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ]] and renamed kingdom of yugoslavia in [[ |
| 1213973 | 1 | ' federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ' ' ' from 1946 to [[ 1963 ]] , * * ' ' ' socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ' ' ' | - article on the republic , | from | 1963 to 1991 . * [[ federal republic of yugoslavia | republic of yugoslavia ]] , which exists from 1991 , under names : * * ' ' ' federal republic |
| 1254221 | 2 | socialist republic of yugoslavia ]] , which existed from [[ 1945 ]] to [[ 1992 ]] , under names : * * ' ' ' democratic federal yugoslavia ' ' ' | , from 1945 to [[ 1946 ]] , * * ' ' ' federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ' ' ' from 1946 to [[ 1963 ]] , * | ||
| 1298298 | 10 | croats and slovenes ]] , from [[ 1918 ]] to [[ 1929 ]] , * [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] from 1929 to [[ 1941 ]] * [[ democratic federal yugoslavia | ]] | ' ' ' | , from [[ 1945 ]] to [[ 1946 ]] , * [[ federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ]] from 1946 to [[ 1963 ]] , * [[ socialist federal |
| 11 | slovenes ]] , from [[ 1918 ]] to [[ 1929 ]] , * [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] from 1929 to [[ 1941 ]] * [[ democratic federal yugoslavia ]] , | from [[ 1945 ]] to | which in | [[ 1946 ]] , * [[ federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ]] from 1946 to [[ 1963 ]] , * [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] from 1963 | |
| 15 | ]] to [[ 1946 ]] , * [[ federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ]] from 1946 to [[ 1963 ]] , * [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] | from 1963 to | , under which it existed until | [[ 1992 ]] * federal republic of yugoslavia , from 1992 to [[ 2003 ]] , * [[ serbia and montenegro ]] , from 2003 onward . see [[ history of | |
| 1378810 | 1 | its name to [[ serbia and montenegro ]] . [[ country codes | country code ]] : ' ' ' yu = = see [[ history of yugoslavia ]] = = | * | = = | |
| 1984488 | 1 | name to the ' ' ' federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ' ' ' and again in [[ 1963 ]] to the [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] | ' ' ' | , under which it existed until [[ 1991 ]] - [[ 1992 ]] when four of its six constituent republics [[ slovenia ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ republic of | |
| 2184776 | 0 | yugoslavia _ flag _ medium . png ]] < br > [[ tricolour ]] of yugoslavia < / center > < / div > ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' | ( ' ' jugoslavija ' ' in serbo - croat ) | is a term casually used for three separate political entities . the name is interpreted to mean ' ' land of south slavs ' ' ( ' ' jug ' ' | |
| 2520319 | 2 | montenegro ' s country codes are ' ' scg ' ' / ' ' cs ' ' . ' ' ' see also ' ' ' [[ history of yugoslavia ]] | & # 322 ; awia | ]] [[ sl : jugoslavija ]] [[ sv : jugoslavien ]] < div style = " float : right ; margin - left : 1em " > < center > [[ | |
| 2808648 | 0 | 12521 ; & # 12499 ; & # 12450 ; ]] [[ pl : jugos & # 322 ; awia ]] [[ sl : jugoslavija ]] [[ sv : jugoslavien ]] | ' ' ' links ' ' ' * http : / / www . balkanalysis . com | ||
| 2939041 | 0 | 12521 ; & # 12499 ; & # 12450 ; ]] [[ pl : jugos & # 322 ; awia ]] [[ sl : jugoslavija ]] [[ sv : jugoslavien ]] | ' ' ' links ' ' ' * http : / / www . balkanalysis . com | ||
| 2957603 | 1 | republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] and [[ bosnia - herzegovina ]] - had seceded . * a federation called the ' ' ' federal republic of yugoslavia ' ' ' | and | was formed in [[ 1991 ]] between the remaining republics of [[ serbia ]] and [[ montenegro ]] . in [[ 2003 ]] , yugoslavia was officially abolished when the two | |
| 3359388 | 0 | powers ]] . * the second was a [[ communist state ]] established immediately after [[ world war ii ]] in [[ 1945 ]] as ' ' ' democratic federal yugoslavia | ( dfy ) | ' ' ' , which in [[ 1946 ]] became the ' ' ' federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ' ' ' and in [[ 1963 ]] the ' | |
| 3 | became the ' ' ' federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ' ' ' and in [[ 1963 ]] the ' ' ' [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] | ( sfry ) | ' ' ' . this remained in place until [[ 1992 ]] , by which time four of its six constituent republics - [[ slovenia ]] , [[ croatia ]] , | ||
| 4 | ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] and [[ bosnia - herzegovina ]] - had seceded . * the third was called ' ' ' federal republic of yugoslavia | ( fry ) | ' ' ' and was formed in [[ 1991 ]] between the remaining republics of [[ serbia ]] and [[ montenegro ]] . in [[ 2003 ]] , name yugoslavia was | ||
| 3882737 | 0 | 12521 ; & # 12499 ; & # 12450 ; ]] [[ pl : jugos & # 322 ; awia ]] [[ sl : jugoslavija ]] [[ sv : jugoslavien ]] | [[ zh - cn : & # 21335 ; & # 26031 ; & # 25289 ; & # 22827 ; ]] | ||
| 4117764 | 1 | ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] and [[ bosnia - herzegovina ]] - had seceded . * the third was called ' ' ' federal republic of yugoslavia | ]] | ( fry ) ' ' ' and was formed in [[ 1991 ]] between the remaining republics of [[ serbia ]] and [[ montenegro ]] . in [[ 2003 ]] , | |
| 8640415 | 6 | acceptance generally isn ' t expected before 2015 . see also : [[ enlargement of the european union ]] = = miscellaneous = = [[ asteroid ]] [[ 1554 yugoslavia ]] | is | was | discovered by [[ milorad b . protitch ]] and named after first yugoslavia . [[ |
| 8640465 | 2 | the [[ corfu declaration ]] on [[ july 20 ]] , [[ 1917 ]] that declared their desire to form a new joint kingdom . = = first yugoslavia = = | [[ image : coashs . jpg | framed | right | coat of arms of the kingdom of yugoslavia ]] | the goals of the yugoslav committee were partly reached by the end of the [[ world war i | first world war ]] in [[ 1918 ]] , when austria - | |
| 3 | so he gained the power in post - war independent [[ communism | communist ]] state , starting as a [[ prime minister ]] . = = second yugoslavia = = | [[ image : prfli . jpg | frame | marshal tito led yugoslavia from the end of world war ii until his death in 1980 . ]] | on [[ january 31 ]] , [[ 1946 ]] the new [[ constitution ]] of [[ federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ]] , modeling the [[ soviet union ]] | ||
| 8718538 | 11 | from serbia in [[ 1944 ]] and the rest of yugoslavia in [[ 1945 ]] . the [[ red army ]] aided in liberating [[ belgrade , yugoslavia | belgrade ]] | . during | as well as many other territories , but withdrew after | the war the [[ communism | communist ]] lead the [[ partisans ]] that were opposing the occupation and were ' ' de facto ' ' rulers on the liberated territories |
| 9382071 | 1 | a result , hitler had to delay the launch of [[ operation barbarossa ]] by four weeks , which proved to be a costly decision . ) = = yugoslavia during | the | second world war = = at 05 : 15 on [[ april 6 ]] [[ 1941 ]] , [[ nazi germany | german ]] , [[ italy | italian ]] , | |
| 13672323 | 7 | state , starting as a [[ prime minister ]] . = = the second yugoslavia = = ' ' main article : [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ' ' | [[ image : prfli . jpg | thumb | 200px | [[ josip broz tito | marshal tito ]] led yugoslavia from the end of [[ world war ii ]] until his death in [[ 1980 ]] . ]] on [[ january 31 ]] , [[ 1946 ]] the new [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution ]] of [[ federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ]] , modeling the [[ soviet union ]] , established six constituent republics and two autonomous province : * [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , * [[ croatia ]] , * [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] , * [[ montenegro ]] , * [[ serbia ]] and * [[ slovenia ]] * [[ vojvodina ]] * [[ kosovo ]] . the other ethnic groups , including the bulgarians in [[ vardar macedonia ]] and the [[ western bulgarian fringe ]] ( [[ zapadni bulgarski pokraynini ]] ) , were brutally suppressed . hundreds were murdered , thousands were sent to the [[ goli otok ]] [[ concentration camp ]] . the country distanced itself from the soviets in [[ 1948 ]] ( cf . [[ cominform ]] and [[ informbiro ]] ) and started to build its own way to [[ socialism ]] under strong political leadership of [[ josip broz tito ]] . the country criticized both eastern and western block and together with other countries started the [[ non - aligned movement ]] in [[ 1961 ]] , which remained the official policy of the country until it dissolved . | on [[ april 7 ]] , [[ 1963 ]] the nation changed its official name to [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] and [[ josip broz tito | tito ]] | |
| 18469162 | 27 | kosovo - metohija , and vojvodina voted for the decision , while croatia ( [[ stjepan mesic | stipe mesi & # 263 ; ]] ) , slovenia ( [[ janez | drnovsek | janez | drnov & # 353 ; ek ]] ) , macedonia ( [[ vasil tupurkovski ]] ) and bosnia ( [[ bogic bogicevic | bogi & # 263 ; bogi & # | |
| 20718541 | 0 | montenegro , shot and killed croatian peasant party leader [[ stjepan radi & # 263 ; ]] in the parliament chambers . king [[ alexander i of yugoslavia | alexander ]] | ( aleksandar ) | used the shooting as a pretext to strengthen his power and on [[ january 6 ]] , [[ 1929 ]] he suspended the constitution , dissolved the ' ' skup & | |
| 22246699 | 0 | ]] that declared their desire to form a new joint kingdom . = = the first yugoslavia = = ' ' main article : [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' | [[ image : peter i karageorgevich . jpg | thumb | 200px | right | peter i karađorđević , the first king of yugoslavia ]] | the goals of the yugoslav committee were partly reached by the end of the [[ world war i | first world war ]] in [[ 1918 ]] , when austria - | |
| 22545889 | 0 | to show , etc . ) * [ http : / / www . slobodnajugoslavija . com / slobodna jugoslavija ] {{ commons | yugoslavia }} [[ category : yugoslavia | | * | ]] [[ category : former countries in europe ]] [[ ar : & # 1610 ; & # 1608 ; & # 1594 ; & # 1608 ; & # 1587 | |
| 25682758 | 15 | new , much weaker form of cooperation called [[ serbia and montenegro ]] . by order of yugoslav federal parliament on [[ february 4 ]] , [[ 2003 ]] , yugoslavia | , atleast nominally , | ceased to exist . = = further reading = = * chan , adrian : ' ' free to choose : a teacher ' s resource and activity guide to revolution | |
| 25737758 | 0 | , much weaker form of cooperation called [[ serbia and montenegro ]] . by order of yugoslav federal parliament on [[ february 4 ]] , [[ 2003 ]] , yugoslavia , | atleast | at least | nominally , ceased to exist . a federal government remains in place in belgrade but now assumes only ceremonial powers . the local governments of serbia and of montenegro now conduct |
| 31961080 | 29 | celebrated as republic day after the war ) . the nla was able to expel the axis from serbia in [[ 1944 ]] and the rest of yugoslavia in [[ 1945 | ]] | . the [[ red army ]] aided in liberating [[ belgrade ]] as well as some other territories , but withdrew after the war was over . westerner attempts to reunite | |
| 48649411 | 0 | state , starting as a [[ prime minister ]] . = = the second yugoslavia = = ' ' main article : [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ' ' | [[ image : tito . marshall . post - war . j . j . . jpg | thumb | 200px | [[ josip broz tito | marshal tito ]] led yugoslavia from the end of [[ world war ii ]] until his death in 1980 . ]] | on [[ january 31 ]] , [[ 1946 ]] the new [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution ]] of [[ federal people ' s republic of | |
| 56069559 | 0 | kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes was declared on 1 december 1918 in belgrade . = = kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ( first yugoslavia ) = = | ' ' ' = = hi , kelsey ! = = ' ' ' | with the end of world war i and the downfall of austria - hungary and the ottoman empire , the conditions were met for proclaiming the kingdom of serbs , croats | |
| 56072410 | 0 | kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes was declared on 1 december 1918 in belgrade . = = kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ( first yugoslavia ) = = | ' ' ' = = hi , kelsey ! = = ' ' ' | with the end of world war i and the downfall of austria - hungary and the ottoman empire , the conditions were met for proclaiming the kingdom of serbs , croats | |
| 56280371 | 2 | jugoslawien ]] [[ et : jugoslaavia ]] [[ el : γιουγκοσλαβία ]] [[ es : yugoslavia ( desambiguación ) ]] | [[ fa : یوگوسلاوی ]] [[ fr : yougoslavie ]] [[ ko : 유고슬라비아 ]] [[ hr : jugoslavija ]] [[ io : yugoslavia ]] [[ is : júgóslavía ]] [[ | ||
| 56649131 | 0 | kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes was declared on 1 december 1918 in belgrade . = = kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ( first yugoslavia ) = = | {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia }} | with the end of world war i and the downfall of austria - hungary and the ottoman empire , the conditions were met for proclaiming the kingdom of serbs , croats | |
| 59611366 | 8 | , which in [[ 1946 ]] became the federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ( fpry ) and then the ' ' ' [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] | . ' ' ' * the third was called ' ' ' [[ serbia and montenegro | federal republic of yugoslavia ]] | ( fry ) ' ' ' and was formed in 1992 on the territory of the two remaining republics of [[ serbia ]] ( including the autonomous provinces of [[ vojvodina | |
| 59612233 | 7 | ]] , [[ 1945 ]] as democratic federation of yugoslavia ( dfy ) , which in [[ 1946 ]] became the federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ( fpry ) | ' ' ' | . # the ' ' ' [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( fry ) ' ' ' was formed in 1992 on the territory of the two remaining republics of | |
| 60458120 | 1 | . [[ image : banknoteyug . jpg | 300px | left | thumb | a [[ hyperinflation ]] bill of 50 & nbsp ; [[ billion ]] [[ yugoslavia dinar | | dinars | dinara | ]] ( 1993 ) ]] on saturday , [[ march 31 ]] , [[ 2001 ]] , milošević surrendered to yugoslav security forces from his home in belgrade , following a |
| 60926591 | 0 | began work on forming yugoslav committee and their mission was to represent the south slavs of the empire . they chose london as their headquarters . the [[ yugoslav committee ]] | aishwarya vyass is a complete and total bitch | ( ' ' jugoslavenski odbor ' ' ) was officially formed on [[ april 30 ]] , [[ 1915 ]] in [[ london ]] , and it began to raise funds | |
| 60926639 | 0 | began work on forming yugoslav committee and their mission was to represent the south slavs of the empire . they chose london as their headquarters . the [[ yugoslav committee ]] | aishwarya vyass is a complete and total bitch | ( ' ' jugoslavenski odbor ' ' ) was officially formed on [[ april 30 ]] , [[ 1915 ]] in [[ london ]] , and it began to raise funds | |
| 63135388 | 0 | capitulating only 11 days later , it ceased to exist on [[ april 17 ]] , [[ 1941 ]] . the ' ' ' [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] | ' ' ' | ( sfry ) ' ' ' was a [[ socialist state ]] established immediately after [[ world war ii ]] in [[ november 29 ]] , [[ 1945 ]] as the | |
| 1 | second yugoslavia . ethnic conflicts and the declaration of independence by most of the constituent republics lead to the formation of the ' ' ' [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] | ' ' ' | ( fry ) ' ' ' in 1992 on the territory of the two remaining republics of [[ serbia ]] ( including the autonomous provinces of [[ vojvodina ]] and [[ | ||
| 63331191 | 0 | state , starting as a [[ prime minister ]] . = = the second yugoslavia = = ' ' main article : [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ' ' | [[ image : sfryugoslavianumbered . png | thumb | 200px | right | numbered map of yugoslav republics and provinces ]] | on [[ january 31 ]] , [[ 1946 ]] the new [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution ]] of [[ federal people ' s republic of | |
| 65110599 | 3 | ]] = = references = = * {{ loc }} – [ http : / / lcweb2 . loc . gov / frd / cs / yutoc . html yugoslavia ] | {{ note | malcolm }} [[ noel malcolm ]] – ' ' bosnia – a short history ' ' | ( macmillan , 1994 ) = = external links = = * [ http : / / www . tenc . net / yugo . htm a library of analysis and | |
| 65402197 | 0 | . [[ image : banknoteyug . jpg | 300px | left | thumb | a [[ hyperinflation ]] bill of 50 & nbsp ; [[ billion ]] [[ yugoslav dinar | | dinara | dinars | ]] ( 1993 ) ]] on saturday , [[ march 31 ]] , [[ 2001 ]] , milošević surrendered to yugoslav security forces from his home in belgrade , following a |
| 80314145 | 23 | | communist party ]] ( ' ' komunistička partija ' ' ) , and were against the king , joined the [[ partisans ( yugoslavia ) | yugoslav national liberation army | - narodno oslobodilacka vojska | ]] ( nov ) , led by [[ josip broz tito ]] . [[ image : jasenovac6 . jpg | right | thumb | 250px | [[ jasenovac concentration camp # | |
| 83862003 | 12 | ]] . capitulating only 11 days later , it ceased to exist on [[ april 17 ]] , [[ 1941 ]] . the ' ' ' second yugoslavia ' ' ' | was | ( c . 1943 - ) , | a [[ socialist state ]] established immediately after [[ world war ii ]] in [[ november 29 ]] [[ 1945 ]] as the succesor state to the kingdom of yugoslavia . |
| 18 | [[ 1945 ]] as the succesor state to the kingdom of yugoslavia . it existed under various names . proclaimed as the ' ' democratic federation of yugoslavia ( dfy ) | ' ' in | " ( | [[ 1943 ]] . it changed its name to the ' ' federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ( fpry ) ' ' in [[ 1946 ]] . in [[ | |
| 21 | federation of yugoslavia ( dfy ) ' ' in [[ 1943 ]] . it changed its name to the ' ' federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ( fpry ) | ' ' in | " ( | [[ 1946 ]] . in [[ 1963 ]] it would again change its name to the ' ' ' [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' ( sfry | |
| 49 | fpry ) ' ' in [[ 1946 ]] . in [[ 1963 ]] it would again change its name to the ' ' ' [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] | ' ' ' | ( sfry ) and would exist under this name until its death following the [[ yugoslav wars ]] . the declaration of independence and secession by most of the constituent republics | ||
| 51 | the declaration of independence and secession by most of the constituent republics of sfry led to the formation of a federation named the ' ' ' [[ federal republic of yugoslavia | ]] | ' ' ' ( fry ) in 1992 on the territory of the two remaining republics of [[ serbia ]] ( including the autonomous provinces of [[ vojvodina ]] and [[ | ||
| 85539858 | 12 | ' ' black lamb and gray falcon : a journey through yugoslavia ' ' . viking , 1941 . * misha glenny : ' ' the fall of yugoslavia : the | third balkan war | . bouder | ' ' , isbn 0 - 14 - 026101 - x = = legacy = = the present - day countries created from the former parts of yugoslavia are : * |
| 87847188 | 43 | = = the liberation of yugoslavia = = = the nov was able to expel the axis from serbia in [[ 1944 ]] and the rest of yugoslavia in [[ 1945 | ]] | . the [[ red army ]] aided in liberating [[ belgrade ]] as well as some other territories , but withdrew after the war was over . in [[ may ]] | |
| 71 | was the result of both internal and external factors . assigning comparative weight to the external as against the internal factors in the generalised crisis that shook yugoslavia in [[ 1990 | ]] | - [[ 1991 ]] is definitely a very simple matter . without understanding the roles of the western powers in helping to produce and channel the crisis , it is difficult | ||
| 88150638 | 0 | | right | 200px | general location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years . ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' | ( also known as the mexico of europe . . . ) | ( ' ' jugoslavija ' ' in [[ south slavic languages ]] , ' ' југославија ' ' ( [[ serbian language | serbian ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian | |
| 88150777 | 0 | | right | 200px | general location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years . ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' | ( also known as the mexico of europe . . . ) | ( ' ' jugoslavija ' ' in [[ south slavic languages ]] , ' ' југославија ' ' ( [[ serbian language | serbian ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian | |
| 104943082 | 0 | weeks , which proved to be a costly decision . ) = = yugoslavia during the second world war = = = = = the invasion of yugoslavia = = = | {{ main | invasion of yugoslavia }} | at 5 : 15 a . m . on [[ april 6 ]] [[ 1941 ]] , [[ nazi germany | german ]] , [[ italian fascism | italian ]] , | |
| 106966564 | 1 | 1991 ]] ) , a [[ socialism | socialist ]] successor state to the kingdom of yugoslavia , existed under various names , including the " democratic federation of yugoslavia ( | dfy | dfi | ) " ( 1943 ) , the " federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ( fpry ) " ( 1946 ) , and the " [[ socialist federal republic of |
| 111868248 | 1 | , [[ 2006 ]] , montenegro officially declared its independence , with serbia following suit two days later , effectively dissolving the last vestige of the former yugoslavia . = = | further reading | headline text | = = * hall , brian : the impossible country : a journey through the last days of yugoslavia . penguin books . new york , 1994 * allcock , john |
| 122414491 | 0 | protić ]] and named after yugoslavia . = = see also = = * [[ history of the balkans ]] * [[ history of europe ]] * [[ yugoslav war ]] | * [[ music of yugoslavia ]] | {{ yug - timeline }} = = references = = in 1989 [[ jeffrey sachs ]] was in yugoslavia helping the federal government under | |
| 33 | the population an atmosphere of social despair and hopelessness . this was a critical turning point in the events to follow . = = = approaching the breakup = = = | in the spring of 1990 , | marković was by far the most popular politician , not only in yugoslavia as a whole , but in each of its constituent republics . he should have been able to | ||
| 247935764 | 49 | , after which the state and [[ league of communists of yugoslavia | communist party ]] became increasingly paralyzed and thrown into crisis . = = = breakup = = = | {{ pov | date = december 2007 }} {{ refimprove | date = july 2006 }} | {{ main | dissolution of yugoslavia }} [[ image : breakup of yugoslavia . gif | thumb | left | 200px | breakup of [[ sfr yugoslavia ]] . ]] [[ | |
| 256911641 | 0 | the population an atmosphere of social despair and hopelessness . this was a critical turning point in the events to follow . = = = approaching the breakup = = = | in the spring of 1990 , ante marković was by far the most popular politician , not only in yugoslavia as a whole , but in each of its constituent republics . he should have been able to rally the population for yugoslavism against the particularistic nationalisms of [[ slobodan milošević | milošević ]] in [[ serbia ]] or [[ franjo tuđman | tuđman ]] in [[ croatia ]] and he should have been able to count on the obedience of the armed forces . he was supported by 83 % of the population in croatia , by 81 % in serbia and by 59 % in slovenia and by 79 % in yugoslavia as a whole . this level of support showed how much of the yugoslav population remained strongly committed to the state ' s preservation . but marković had coupled his yugoslavism with the imf " [[ shock therapy ( economics ) | shock therapy ]] " programme and ec conditionality . this gave the separatists in the northwest and the nationalists in serbia their opening . the appeal of the separatists in [[ slovenia ]] and croatia to their electorates involved offering to repudiate the marković - imf austerity and by doing so helping their republics prepare to leave yugoslavia altogether and " join europe " . the appeal of milošević in serbia was based around the idea that the west was acting against the serbian people ' s interests . these [[ nationalism | nationalist ]] appeals were ultimately successful . in every republic , beginning with slovenia and croatia in the spring , governments ignored the monetary restrictions of marković ' s stabilisation programme in order to win votes . the newly elected regional government then turned their efforts to the break - up of the country . they were aided by the us government ' s stance of sidelining yugoslav cohesion in favour of pushing ahead with the " [[ shock therapy ( economics ) | shock therapy ]] " programme . the few european states with strategic interests in the yugoslav theatre tended to favor fragmentation . there were also other specifically yugoslav structural flaws which helped to generate the collapse . for instance , many would argue {{ fact | date = february 2008 }} that the decentralized market socialism was a disastrous experiment | inexperiment | for a state in yugoslavia ' s geopolitical situation . the 1974 constitution , though better for the kosovar albanians , had given increased power to the republics , whilst dampening |
| 257500445 | 0 | the population an atmosphere of social despair and hopelessness . this was a critical turning point in the events to follow . = = = approaching the breakup = = = | inexperiment for a state in yugoslavia ' s geopolitical situation . the 1974 constitution , thoughwhilst dampening the institutional and material power of | the federal government . tito ' s authority substituted for this weakness until his death in 1980 , after which the state and [[ league of communists of yugoslavia | communist | |
| 257502145 | 0 | the population an atmosphere of social despair and hopelessness . this was a critical turning point in the events to follow . = = = approaching the breakup = = = | inexperiment for a state in yugoslavia ' s geopolitical situation . the 1974 constitution , thoughwhilst dampening the institutional and material power of | the federal government . tito ' s authority substituted for this weakness until his death in 1980 , after which the state and [[ league of communists of yugoslavia | communist | |
| 269133294 | 0 | , after which the state and [[ league of communists of yugoslavia | communist party ]] became increasingly paralyzed and thrown into crisis . = = = breakup = = = | [[ file : breakup of yugoslavia . gif | thumb | right | 250px | breakup of [[ sfr yugoslavia ]] . ]] | [[ file : milosevic - 1 . jpg | thumb | 150px | right | serbian president [[ slobodan milošević ]] ' s unequivocal support for the unity of serbs and | |
| 269222758 | 0 | , after which the state and [[ league of communists of yugoslavia | communist party ]] became increasingly paralyzed and thrown into crisis . = = = breakup = = = | [[ file : breakup of yugoslavia . gif | thumb | right | 250px | breakup of [[ sfr yugoslavia ]] . ]] | [[ file : milosevic - 1 . jpg | thumb | 150px | right | serbian president [[ slobodan milošević ]] ' s unequivocal support for the unity of serbs and | |
| 273577472 | 0 | , after which the state and [[ league of communists of yugoslavia | communist party ]] became increasingly paralyzed and thrown into crisis . = = = breakup = = = | i love mike ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! | [[ file : breakup of yugoslavia . gif | thumb | right | 250px | breakup of [[ sfr yugoslavia ]] . ]] [[ file : milosevic - 1 . jpg | |
| 273577484 | 0 | , after which the state and [[ league of communists of yugoslavia | communist party ]] became increasingly paralyzed and thrown into crisis . = = = breakup = = = | i love mike ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! | [[ file : breakup of yugoslavia . gif | thumb | right | 250px | breakup of [[ sfr yugoslavia ]] . ]] [[ file : milosevic - 1 . jpg | |
| 282636725 | 0 | the population an atmosphere of social despair and hopelessness . this was a critical turning point in the events to follow . = = = approaching the breakup = = = | inexperiment | in experiment | for a state in yugoslavia ' s geopolitical situation . the 1974 constitution , thoughwhilst dampening the institutional and material power of the federal government . tito ' s authority substituted |
| 288465505 | 0 | , after which the state and [[ league of communists of yugoslavia | communist party ]] became increasingly paralyzed and thrown into crisis . = = = breakup = = = | [[ file : breakup of yugoslavia . gif | thumb | right | 250px | breakup of [[ sfr yugoslavia ]] . ]] | [[ file : milosevic - 1 . jpg | thumb | 150px | right | serbian president [[ slobodan milošević ]] ' s unequivocal support for the unity of serbs and | |
| 288475880 | 0 | , after which the state and [[ league of communists of yugoslavia | communist party ]] became increasingly paralyzed and thrown into crisis . = = = breakup = = = | [[ file : breakup of yugoslavia . gif | thumb | right | 250px | breakup of [[ sfr yugoslavia ]] . ]] | [[ file : milosevic - 1 . jpg | thumb | 150px | right | serbian president [[ slobodan milošević ]] ' s unequivocal support for the unity of serbs and | |
| 294603528 | 0 | , after which the state and [[ league of communists of yugoslavia | communist party ]] became increasingly paralyzed and thrown into crisis . = = = breakup = = = | [[ file : breakup of yugoslavia . gif | thumb | right | 250px | breakup of [[ sfr yugoslavia ]] . ]] | [[ file : milosevic - 1 . jpg | thumb | 150px | right | serbian president [[ slobodan milošević ]] ' s unequivocal support for the unity of serbs and | |
| 294877361 | 1 | , after which the state and [[ league of communists of yugoslavia | communist party ]] became increasingly paralyzed and thrown into crisis . = = = breakup = = = | [[ file : breakup of yugoslavia . gif | thumb | right | 250px | breakup of [[ sfr yugoslavia ]] . ]] | [[ file : milosevic - 1 . jpg | thumb | 150px | right | serbian president [[ slobodan milošević ]] ' s unequivocal support for the unity of serbs and | |
| 312074340 | 0 | the population an atmosphere of social despair and hopelessness . this was a critical turning point in the events to follow . = = = approaching the breakup = = = | in experiment for a state in yugoslavia ' s geopolitical situation . | though | the 1974 constitution , though whilst dampening the institutional and material power of the federal government . tito ' s authority substituted for this weakness until his death in 1980 , |
| 497511009 | 1 | ; creating within the population an atmosphere of social despair and hopelessness . this was a critical turning point in the events to follow . = = = breakup = = | = | {{ main | breakup of yugoslavia }} [[ file : breakup of yugoslavia . gif | thumb | right | 250px | breakup of yugoslavia ]] though the 1974 constitution reduced |
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| 34484 | 1 | communist ]] country under dictator [[ josip broz tito ]] , but unlike other eastern and central european communist countries , chose a course independent of the [[ soviet union ]] | , and was not a member | of the 20th century , a number of states in the balkan was unified under the name of the socialist federal republic of [[ yugoslavia ]] . all of them but | |
| 4 | communist ]] country under dictator [[ josip broz tito ]] , but unlike other eastern and central european communist countries , chose a course independent of the [[ soviet union ]] | . | after tito ' s death , tension between the various peoples grew , and since [[ 1991 ]] , [[ slovenia ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ bosnia and herzegovina | ||
| 183617 | 0 | country in southeastern europe , formed in [[ 1918 ]] as a [[ monarchy ]] . after [[ world war ii ]] it became a [[ communism | communist ]] country | , ( petar ii [[ karadjordjevic ]] was the last king ) | under dictator [[ josip broz tito ]] , but unlike other eastern and central european communist countries , chose a course independent of the [[ soviet union ]] , and was | |
| 202246 | 4 | / history | history ]] * [[ yugoslavia / geography | geography ]] * [[ yugoslavia / people | people ]] * [[ yugoslavia / government | government ]] * [[ | economy of | yugoslavia / economy | economy ]] * [[ yugoslavia / communications | communications ]] * [[ yugoslavia / transportation | transportation ]] * [[ yugoslavia / military | military ]] * | |
| 5 | / geography | geography ]] * [[ yugoslavia / people | people ]] * [[ yugoslavia / government | government ]] * [[ yugoslavia / economy | economy ]] * [[ | communications in | yugoslavia / communications | communications ]] * [[ yugoslavia / transportation | transportation ]] * [[ yugoslavia / military | military ]] * [[ yugoslavia / transnational issues | transnational issues | ||
| 8 | / economy | economy ]] * [[ yugoslavia / communications | communications ]] * [[ yugoslavia / transportation | transportation ]] * [[ yugoslavia / military | military ]] * [[ | foreign relations of | yugoslavia / transnational issues | transnational issues ]] | ||
| 403378 | 2 | / div > the federal republic of ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' is a country in southeastern europe , formed in [[ 1918 ]] as a [[ monarchy ]] | and renamed kingdom of yugoslavia in 1929 | . after [[ world war ii ]] it became a [[ communism | communist ]] country , ( petar ii [[ karadjordjevic ]] was the last king ) under [[ president | |
| 904667 | 1 | , croats and slovenes ]] , renamed the " kingdom of yugoslavia " in [[ 1929 ]] . after [[ world war ii ]] it became a [[ communism | communist | state | ]] country , ( [[ petar ii karadjordjevic ]] was the last king ) under [[ president ]] [[ josip broz tito ]] , but unlike other eastern and central european | |
| 4 | ) under [[ president ]] [[ josip broz tito ]] , but unlike other eastern and central european communist countries , chose a course independent of the [[ soviet union ]] | ( see [[ informbiro ]] ) | , and was not a member of the [[ warsaw pact ]] . after tito ' s death , tension between the various peoples grew , and since [[ 1991 ]] | ||
| 17 | croats and slovenes ]] , renamed the " kingdom of yugoslavia " in [[ 1929 ]] . after [[ world war ii ]] it became a [[ communism | communist ]] | country | , ( [[ petar ii karadjordjevic ]] was the last king ) under [[ president ]] [[ josip broz tito ]] , but unlike other eastern and central european communist countries | ||
| 1288560 | 17 | ' ' ' , from 1918 to [[ 1929 ]] , * * ' ' ' kingdom of yugoslavia ' ' ' from 1929 to 1941 . * [[ socialist federal | republic of yugoslavia | socialist | yugoslavia ]] , which existed from [[ 1945 ]] to [[ 1992 ]] , under names : * * ' ' ' democratic federal yugoslavia ' ' ' , from 1945 | |
| 9383013 | 17 | ku & # 269 ; an ]] and [[ ivica racan | ivica ra & # 269 ; an ]] , resp . ) , which instead favored more economic liberalization | ( such as [[ perestroika ]] ) | , to leave the congress in protest , and marked a culmination in the rift of the ruling party . following the [[ fall of communism ]] in [[ eastern europe | |
| 9469448 | 0 | milan ku & # 269 ; an ]] and [[ ivica racan | ivica ra & # 269 ; an ]] , respectively ) , who instead favored more economic liberalization | ( such as [[ perestroika ]] ) | , to leave the congress in protest . following the " [[ fall of communism ]] " the rest of [[ eastern europe ]] , each of the republics elected a | |
| 10662657 | 0 | and instated the 17 - year old crown prince [[ petar ii karadjordjevic | peter ]] as the new king . apparently this defiance infuriated [[ adolf hitler | hitler ]] | , so the axis | then | decided to attack both yugoslavia and greece on [[ april 6 ]] . ( as a result , hitler had to delay the launch of [[ operation barbarossa ]] by four |
| 12285700 | 0 | ]] miners in [[ kosovo ]] organized strikes which dovetailed into ethnic conflict between the albanian majority and the serbian minority in the province . serbian [[ communist ]] leader [[ | slobodan milosevic | slobodan milo & # 353 ; evi & # 263 | monkey face poo head | ; ]] , the new strong man of yugoslavia , tried to play on the revived serb nationalism , but ended up alienating all the other ethnic groups in the federation |
| 12424786 | 0 | ]] miners in [[ kosovo ]] organized strikes which dovetailed into ethnic conflict between the albanian majority and the serbian minority in the province . serbian [[ communist ]] leader [[ | monkey face poo head | slobodan milosevic | slobodan milo & # 353 ; evi & # 263 | ; ]] , the new strong man of yugoslavia , tried to play on the revived serb nationalism , but ended up alienating all the other ethnic groups in the federation |
| 12496803 | 0 | the communist party . josip broz tito was the most powerful person in the country , and after him there were republic premiers and presidents , plus communist party presidents . | there were also people that were secretaries of sectors invented ad hoc by tito for people he favored . | people whom he did not favor varied greatly . slobodan penezi & # 263 ; kr & # 269 ; un served under tito and then after he started to complain | |
| 18469162 | 15 | ; a ra & # 269 ; i & # 263 ; ]] , an ethnic serbian nationalist leader from montenegro , shot and killed croatian peasant party leader [[ stjepan | radic | stjepan | radi & # 263 ; ]] in the parliament chambers . king [[ alexander i of yugoslavia | alexander ]] used the shooting as a pretext to strengthen his power and | |
| 16 | so power fell into the hands of the ineffectual [[ prince paul of yugoslavia | prince paul ]] , who continued on an authoritarian path with the prime minister [[ milan | stojadinovic | milan | stojadinovi & # 263 ; ]] . in the beginning of [[ world war ii ]] , yugoslavia was pressured by [[ germany ]] and [[ italy ]] to join the | ||
| 22 | ]] miners in [[ kosovo ]] organized strikes which dovetailed into ethnic conflict between the albanian majority and the serbian minority in the province . serbian [[ communist ]] leader [[ | slobodan milosevic | | slobodan milo & # 353 ; evi & # 263 ; ]] , the new strong man of yugoslavia , tried to play on the revived serb nationalism , but ended | ||
| 22951478 | 1 | with yugoslavia . heavy pro - independence sentiment among bosnians muslims and croats resulted in a yes vote in the referendum , and the republic ' s government declared its independence | though everyone advocated that such decision had be made with the consent of all three nation | . the war in bosnia followed shortly thereafter . the so - called badinter commission formed by the [[ european community ]] declared in early 1992 that the socialist federal republic | |
| 23004621 | 1 | % of bosnian population ) , which advocated continued union with yugoslavia . heavy pro - independence sentiment among bosnians muslims and croats resulted in a yes vote in the referendum | . while everyone advocated that any decision had to be made with the consent of all the three nations , the referendum was declared valid , the opinion of the serbs was ignored | , and the republic ' s government declared its independence though everyone advocated that such decision had be made with the consent of all the three nations . the war in | |
| 2 | with yugoslavia . heavy pro - independence sentiment among bosnians muslims and croats resulted in a yes vote in the referendum , and the republic ' s government declared its independence | though everyone advocated that such decision had be made with | . | the consent of all the three nations . the war in bosnia followed shortly thereafter , as the votes of serbs were ignored . the so - called badinter commission formed | |
| 26468448 | 0 | and started to build its own way to [[ socialism ]] under strong political leadership of [[ josip broz tito ]] . the country criticized both [[ eastern bloc | eastern | bloc | ]] and [[ western bloc | western bloc ]] nations and , together with other countries , started the [[ non - aligned movement ]] in [[ 1961 ]] , which | |
| 27670102 | 3 | [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] maintained an impression of being neutral , but as time went on , it was becoming more and more involved in state politics . | size and would by 1999 be as little as 10 % of the two million kosovars . | in late june , 1991 , slovenia and croatia became the first republics to declare independence from yugoslavia , but the international community pressured them to place a three - month | |
| 30275500 | 0 | tito ' s politics , he was found dead under unknown circumstances . aleksandar ranković lost all of his titles and rights after a major disagreement with tito regarding state politics | and ranković‘s ethnic cleansing of souther serbia ( approx 2 milion albanians expelled to turkey ) and kosovo | . sometimes ministers in government were more important than the premier , such as in the case of [[ edvard kardelj ]] or [[ stane dolanc ]] . the suppression of | |
| 30298958 | 7 | tito ' s politics , he was found dead under unknown circumstances . aleksandar ranković lost all of his titles and rights after a major disagreement with tito regarding state politics | and ranković‘s ethnic cleansing of southern serbia ( circa 2 million albanians expelled to turkey ) and kosovo | . sometimes ministers in government were more important than the premier , such as in the case of [[ edvard kardelj ]] or [[ stane dolanc ]] . the suppression of | |
| 33108052 | 0 | serbs . this caused the slovenian and croatian delegations ( led by [[ milan kučan ]] and [[ ivica račan ]] , respectively ) , who instead favored more economic liberalization | ( such as [[ perestroika ]] ) | , to leave the congress in protest . following the fall of the soviet union in the rest of [[ eastern europe ]] , each of the republics elected a new | |
| 33738425 | 44 | a yes vote in the referendum . while everyone advocated that any decision had to be made with the consent of all the three nations , the referendum was declared valid | , the opinion of the serbs was ignored | , and the republic ' s government declared its independence . the serbs immediately declared the independence of [[ republika srpska ]] , and the war in bosnia followed shortly thereafter | |
| 33953572 | 1 | independence sentiment among bosnians muslims and croats resulted in a yes vote in the referendum . the referendum was declared valid , and the republic ' s government declared its independence | . | however , and | the serbs immediately declared the independence of republika srpska , and the war in bosnia followed shortly thereafter . the so - called badinter commission formed by the [[ european community |
| 34035074 | 5 | resulted in a yes vote in the referendum , though to this day it remains unclear whether the majority was large enough . the republic ' s government declared its independence | however | on [[ 5 april ]] | , and the serbs immediately declared the independence of republika srpska , and the war in bosnia followed shortly thereafter . the so - called badinter commission formed by the [[ |
| 34241700 | 13 | of the newly created serb entity [[ republika srpska | republika srpska of bosnia and herzegovina ]] supported by the yugoslav army . in these areas , the independence referendum was | in turn declared contrary to the bih and federal constitution by the federal constitution court and newly established bosnian serb government ; it was largely | boycotted . heavy pro - independence sentiment among bosnians muslims and croats resulted in a turn - out of around 64 % {{ ref | malcolm }} , however yes vote | |
| 14 | the newly created serb entity [[ republika srpska | republika srpska of bosnia and herzegovina ]] supported by the yugoslav army . in these areas , the independence referendum was boycotted | by the bosnian serbs | . heavy pro - independence sentiment among bosnians muslims and croats resulted in a turn - out of around 64 % {{ ref | malcolm }} , however yes vote by | ||
| 37026350 | 0 | by the [[ axis powers ]] . capitulated only 11 days after , it ceased to exist [[ april 17 ]] , 1941 . * the second was a [[ socialist | < math > insert formula here < / math > | state ]] established immediately after [[ world war ii ]] in [[ november 29 ]] , 1945 as ' ' democratic federation of yugoslavia ( dfy ) ' ' , which | |
| 37073038 | 0 | by the [[ axis powers ]] . capitulated only 11 days after , it ceased to exist [[ april 17 ]] , 1941 . * the second was a [[ socialist | < math > < / math > | state ]] established immediately after [[ world war ii ]] in [[ november 29 ]] , 1945 as ' ' democratic federation of yugoslavia ( dfy ) ' ' , which | |
| 37508256 | 6 | communist party was dissolved . following the fall of the soviet union in the rest of [[ eastern europe ]] , each of the republics held multi - party elections in | [[ | 1990 ]] . the unresolved issues remained . in particular , slovenia and croatia elected governments oriented towards independence ( under [[ milan kučan ]] and [[ franjo tuđman ]] , | |
| 44359219 | 0 | nazism | nazis ]] organized resistance movements . those inclined towards supporting the old kingdom of yugoslavia joined the [[ chetniks ]] , a mostly serb - composed nationalistic royalist guerilla | army | led by colonel [[ draža mihajlović ]] . those inclined towards supporting the [[ communist party of yugoslavia | communist party ]] ( and against the king ) joined the [[ | |
| 44361382 | 2 | yugoslav government was tito as president ( a collective presidency was formed after tito ' s death in 1980 ) , the federal prime minister , and the federal parliament . | an | also | important role was one of the president of the [[ communist party of yugoslavia ]] for each republic and province , and the president of presidency of central committee of the |
| 9 | party . josip broz tito was the most powerful person in the country , and after him there were republic and province premiers and presidents , plus communist party presidents . | a wide variety of | people whom he did not favor varied greatly . slobodan penezić krcun served under tito as chief of secret police in serbia and then after he started to complain about tito | ||
| 19 | dubious traffic incident . minister of the interior aleksandar ranković lost all of his titles and rights after a major disagreement with tito regarding state politics . sometimes ministers in government | were more important than the premier | , such as in the case of [[ edvard kardelj ]] or [[ stane dolanc ]] . the suppression of national identities escalated with the so - called [[ croatian spring | ||
| 44361477 | 0 | the federal prime minister , and the federal parliament ( a collective presidency was formed after tito ' s death in 1980 ) . also important were the [[ communist party | of yugoslavia | | communist party of yugoslavia ]] presidents for each republic and province , and the president of central committee of the communist party . josip broz tito was the most powerful | |
| 1 | minister , and the federal parliament ( a collective presidency was formed after tito ' s death in 1980 ) . also important were the [[ communist party | communist party | of yugoslavia | ]] presidents for each republic and province , and the president of central committee of the communist party . josip broz tito was the most powerful person in the country , | ||
| 51598172 | 8 | situation could be taken . the constitutional crisis that inevitably followed played in favour of slovenia and croatia and their strongly expressed demands for looser ties within federation . economic crisis | when the crucial parliamentary elections were being held in the various republics . one aspect of yugoslavia ' s shock therapy programme was both unique within the region and of great political importance in 1989 - 90 . the bankruptcy law to liquidate state enterprises was enacted in the 1989 financial operations act which required that if an enterprise was insolvent for 30 days running , or for 30 days within a 45 day period , it had to settle with its creditors either by giving them ownership or by being liquidated , in which case workers would be sacked , normally without severance payments . in 1989 , according to official sources , 248 firms were declared bankrupt or were liquidated and 89 , 400 workers were laid off . during the first nine months of 1990 directly following the adoption of the imf programme , another 889 enterprises with a combined work - force of 525 , 000 workers suffered the same fate . in other words , in less than two years " the trigger mechanism " ( under the financial operations act ) had led to the lay off of more than 600 , 000 workers out of a total industrial workforce of the order of 2 . 7 million . ( 13 ) a further 20 % of the work force , or half a million people , were not paid wages during the early months of 1990 as enterprises sought to avoid bankruptcy . the largest concentrations of bankrupt firms and lay - offs were in serbia , bosnia - herzegovina , macedonia and kosovo . real earnings were in a free fall , social programmes had collapsed creating within the population an atmosphere of social despair and hopelessness . this was an critical turning point in the yugoslav tragedy . markovic in the spring of 1990 was by far the most popular politician not | at the time only made everything harder . as a result , serbian academy of sciences and arts drafted a memorandum addressing these issues . it said unless timely steps were | |
| 53085765 | 1 | and seeking confederation . the elections for the constituent assembly in november 1920 brought victory for the two main serbian parties . communists came third and croatian peasant party fourth . | the | newly formed government was determined to push through a centralist constitution . in response , the croatian peasant party prepared a draft constitution for a neutral peasant republic of croatia . | |
| 56642958 | 29 | disagreement with tito regarding state politics . sometimes ministers in government , such as [[ edvard kardelj ]] or [[ stane dolanc ]] , were more important than the prime minister | , | . the suppression of national identities escalated with the so - called [[ croatian spring ]] of 1970 - 71 , when students in zagreb organized demonstrations for greater civil liberties | |
| 58032288 | 0 | of yugoslavia | constitution ]] was ratified in 1974 that gave more rights to the individual republics and provinces . = = = ethnic tensions and economic crisis = = = | i have 5 buttcracks ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! | the post - world war two yugoslavia was in many respects a model of how to build a multinational state . the federation was constructed against a double background : an | |
| 58032299 | 0 | of yugoslavia | constitution ]] was ratified in 1974 that gave more rights to the individual republics and provinces . = = = ethnic tensions and economic crisis = = = | i have 5 buttcracks ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! | the post - world war two yugoslavia was in many respects a model of how to build a multinational state . the federation was constructed against a double background : an | |
| 63327901 | 54 | in the chamber and shot two croats and wounded three others , including stjepan radić , who eventually died . following this , king aleksandar i banned national political parties in | [[ | 1929 , assumed executive power and renamed the country yugoslavia . he hoped to curb separatist tendencies and mitigate nationalist passions . however , the balance of power changed in international | |
| 55 | the chamber and shot two croats and wounded three others , including stjepan radić , who eventually died . following this , king aleksandar i banned national political parties in 1929 | ]] | , assumed executive power and renamed the country yugoslavia . he hoped to curb separatist tendencies and mitigate nationalist passions . however , the balance of power changed in international relations | ||
| 63330276 | 24 | mostly serb - composed nationalistic royalist guerilla army led by colonel [[ draža mihajlović ]] . those inclined towards supporting the [[ communist party of yugoslavia | communist party ]] ( | ' ' komunistička partija ' ' ) , | and against the king ) joined the [[ partisans ( yugoslavia ) | yugoslav national liberation army ]] , led by [[ josip broz tito ]] , a [[ croats | | |
| 27 | towards supporting the [[ communist party of yugoslavia | communist party ]] ( and against the king ) joined the [[ partisans ( yugoslavia ) | yugoslav national liberation army ]] | ( nla ) | , led by [[ josip broz tito ]] , a [[ croats | croat ]] - [[ slovenian people | slovenian ]] member of the [[ communist party of yugoslavia ]] | ||
| 63517403 | 49 | then accepted the imf ' s conditionalities which shifted the burden of the crisis onto the yugoslav working class . simultaneously , strong social groups emerged within the yugoslav communist party | ]] | , allied to western business , banking and state interests and began pushing towards neoliberalism , to the delight of the us . it was the reagan administration which , in | |
| 100 | the institutional and material power of the federal government . tito ' s authority substituted for this weakness until his death in 1980 , after which the state and communist party | ]] | became increasingly paralysed and thrown into crisis . = = = breakup = = = {{ npov - section }} {{ wikify - date | june 2006 }} after tito ' | ||
| 63517748 | 0 | plus a year ' s maternity leave , if needed . respect for workers was a central concern of government and society . = = = the government = = = | [[ image : proslavatito . jpg | thumb | right | 200px | 1968 . [[ league of communists of yugoslavia | yugoslav communist party ]] celebration ]] | on [[ april 7th ]] , [[ 1963 ]] the nation changed its official name to [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] and [[ josip broz tito | tito ]] | |
| 63521475 | 64 | . the 1974 constitution , though better for the kosovar albanians , gave too much to the republics , crippling the institutional and material power of the federal government . tito | | tito ]] | ' s authority substituted for this weakness until his death in 1980 , after which the state and communist party became increasingly paralysed and thrown into crisis . in 1990 - | |
| 126 | it was becoming more and more involved in state politics . on [[ june 25 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , slovenia and croatia became the first republics to declare independence | ]] | from yugoslavia . in slovenia , slovenian territorial defence ( paramilitary force ) seized the yugoslav border posts with austria and italy taking down yugoslav and raising slovenian flag . following | ||
| 67313073 | 3 | government . [[ josip broz tito | tito ]] ' s authority substituted for this weakness until his death in 1980 , after which the state and communist party became increasingly | paralysed | paralyzed | and thrown into crisis . in 1990 - 1991 , then , yugoslavia was in the grip of a dynamic towards break - up despite the fact that the overwhelming majority |
| 68011126 | 4 | republic of yugoslavia ( fpry ) ' ' . it is also known as the second yugoslavia . ethnic conflicts and the declaration of independence by most of the constituent republics | of sfry | lead to the formation of the ' ' ' [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' ( fry ) in 1992 on the territory of the two remaining republics | |
| 71228434 | 1 | yugoslavia ]] = = = at 5 : 15 a . m . on [[ april 6th ]] [[ 1941 ]] , [[ nazi germany | german ]] , [[ fascism | in italy | | italian ]] , [[ hungary | hungarian ]] , and [[ bulgaria ]] n forces attacked yugoslavia . the [[ luftwaffe ]] bombed [[ belgrade ]] and other major yugoslav | |
| 80306243 | 7 | june 1944 , however tito was seen as a national hero by the citizens , so he gained the power in post - war independent [[ communism | communist ]] state | elections | , starting as a [[ prime minister ]] . = = the second yugoslavia = = ' ' main article : [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ' ' [[ | |
| 80313028 | 0 | [[ non - aligned movement ]] in [[ 1961 ]] , which remained the official affiliation of the country until it dissolved . = = = the economy = = = | although rigorously | having chosen independent and non - alligned destiny for the state , jugoslavija started rebuilding war - ravaged country on the principles of democratic socialism , as described by marx , engels and lenjin . president tito and his government were aware of the challenges that posed being a country with predominantly rural population , low levels of education and rampant powerty . through fast - paced development of industry , education and medical services , the picture had started to change . many revolutionary democratical measures and ideas have been introduced . education and healt services became free all the way to doctorate . jugoslavia was the first democratical country in the world , and it was a | socialist in developing her industrial base , yugoslavia allowed a certain amount of capitalist incursions , in the spirit of pluralism . this openness to western investment , however , sowed |
| 26 | the burden of the crisis onto the yugoslav working class . simultaneously , strong social groups emerged within the [[ league of communists of yugoslavia | yugoslav communist party ]] , | this time openly | allied to western business , banking and state interests and began pushing towards [[ neoliberalism ]] , to the delight of the us . it was the [[ ronald reagan | | ||
| 37 | business , banking and state interests and began pushing towards [[ neoliberalism ]] , to the delight of the us . it was the [[ ronald reagan | reagan ]] administration | which , | in [[ 1984 ]] , had adopted a " [[ shock _ therapy _ ( economics ) | shock therapy ]] " proposal to push yugoslavia towards a capitalist restoration . | ||
| 80313856 | 0 | [[ non - aligned movement ]] in [[ 1961 ]] , which remained the official affiliation of the country until it dissolved . = = = the economy = = = | having chosen independent and non - alligned destiny for the state , jugoslavija started rebuilding war - ravaged country on the principles of democratic socialism , as described by marx , engels and lenjin . president tito and his government were aware of the challenges that posed being a country with predominantly rural population , low levels of education and rampant powerty . through fast - paced development of industry , education and medical services , the picture had started to change . many revolutionary democratical measures and ideas have been introduced . education and healt services became free all the way to doctorate . jugoslavia was the first democratical country in the world , and it was a | although rigorously | socialist country at the same time . yugoslavia enjoyed stability and peace . throughout the [[ 1960s ]] and [[ 1970s ]] , the growth of yugoslavia ' s [[ gross |
| 13 | pushing towards [[ neoliberalism ]] , to the final and obvious delight of the us . it was told many times wrongly that the [[ ronald reagan | reagan ]] administration | which , | in [[ 1984 ]] , had adopted a " [[ shock _ therapy _ ( economics ) | shock therapy ]] " proposal to push yugoslavia towards a " capitalist restoration | ||
| 31 | enemy - successful and democratically superior communism . simultaneously , strong so - called social groups emerged within the [[ league of communists of yugoslavia | yugoslav communist party ]] , | this time openly | allied to western business , banking and state interests and began pushing towards [[ neoliberalism ]] , to the final and obvious delight of the us . it was told many | ||
| 80314145 | 27 | june 1944 , however tito was seen as a national hero by the citizens , so he gained the power in post - war independent [[ communism | communist ]] state | elections | , starting as a [[ prime minister ]] . = = the second yugoslavia = = ' ' main article : [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ' ' [[ | |
| 80382137 | 15 | ' s leadership who proceeded to use police to restrain the violence . as police was insufficient force , the [[ yugoslav people ' s army | federal army ]] was | rightly | ordered by the yugoslav presidency to restore order . in january 1990 , the extraordinary 14th congress of the [[ league of communists of yugoslavia ]] was convened . for the | |
| 21 | : former yugoslavia 2006 . png | 300px | thumb | right | countries of former yugoslavia ]] in september 1991 , the [[ republic of macedonia ]] also declared independence | illegaly , | becoming the only former republic to gain sovereignty without resistance from the belgrade based yugoslav authorities . 500 u . s . soldiers were then deployed under the u . n | ||
| 80541950 | 0 | was seen as a national hero by the citizens , so he gained the power in the first free post - war elections independent and established [[ communism | communist ]] | state | republic | , starting as a [[ prime minister ]] . = = the second yugoslavia = = ' ' main article : [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ' ' [[ |
| 80542773 | 10 | [[ non - aligned movement ]] in [[ 1961 ]] , which remained the official affiliation of the country until it dissolved . = = = the economy = = = | although | rigorously socialist in developing her industrial base , yugoslavia allowed a certain amount of capitalist incursions , in the spirit of pluralism . this openness to western investment , however , | |
| 80543661 | 6 | of the communist party . josip broz tito was the most powerful person in the country , followed by republican and provincial premiers and presidents , and communist party presidents . | a wide variety of people suffered from his disfavor . slobodan penezić krcun , tito ' s chief of secret police in serbia , fell victim to a dubious traffic incident after he started to complain about tito ' s politics . the interior minister [[ aleksandar ranković ]] lost all of his titles and rights after a major disagreement with tito regarding state politics | . sometimes ministers in government , such as [[ edvard kardelj ]] or [[ stane dolanc ]] , were more important than the prime minister . the suppression of national identities | |
| 80544003 | 0 | , and communist party presidents . sometimes ministers in government , such as [[ edvard kardelj ]] or [[ stane dolanc ]] , were more important than the prime minister . | what was loudly denounced by capitalist countries as | the suppression of national identities escalated with the so - called [[ croatian spring ]] of [[ 1970 ]] - [[ 1971 ]] , when students in [[ zagreb ]] organized | |
| 80546628 | 0 | the 1974 constitution , though better for the kosovar albanians , had given increased power to the republics , whilst dampening the institutional and material power of the federal government . | then there were croats with their grudge against the serbians , and bosnians who did not really know who they are so they were allowed to identify themselves as " muslim nation " , although they were serbians or croats who were converted to muslim religion under the otoman occupation . | tito ' s authority substituted for this weakness until his death in 1980 , after which the state and [[ league of communists of yugoslavia | communist party ]] became increasingly | |
| 80546909 | 15 | was seen as a national hero by the citizens , so he gained the power in the first free post - war elections independent and established [[ communism | communist ]] | republic | state | , starting as a [[ prime minister ]] . = = the second yugoslavia = = ' ' main article : [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ' ' [[ |
| 16 | [[ non - aligned movement ]] in [[ 1961 ]] , which remained the official affiliation of the country until it dissolved . = = = the economy = = = | although | rigorously socialist in developing her industrial base , yugoslavia refused russian model of " socialism " and begun rebuilding the country on principles of democratic marxist socialism . that , to | ||
| 46 | , and communist party presidents . sometimes ministers in government , such as [[ edvard kardelj ]] or [[ stane dolanc ]] , were more important than the prime minister . | what was loudly denounced by capitalist countries as | the suppression of national identities , escalated with the so - called [[ croatian spring ]] of [[ 1970 ]] - [[ 1971 ]] , when students in [[ zagreb ]] | ||
| 64 | the 1974 constitution , though better for the kosovar albanians , had given increased power to the republics , whilst dampening the institutional and material power of the federal government . | then there were croats with their grudge against the serbians , and bosnians who did not really know who they are so they were allowed to identify themselves as " muslim nation " , although they were serbians or croats who were converted to muslim religion under the otoman occupation . | tito ' s authority substituted for this weakness until his death in 1980 , after which the state and [[ league of communists of yugoslavia | communist party ]] became increasingly | ||
| 82799705 | 13 | business , banking and state interests and began pushing towards [[ neoliberalism ]] , to the delight of the us . it was the [[ ronald reagan | reagan ]] administration | which | , in [[ 1984 ]] , had adopted a " [[ shock _ therapy _ ( economics ) | shock therapy ]] " proposal to push yugoslavia towards a capitalist restoration | |
| 82800045 | 5 | . the 1974 constitution , though better for the kosovar albanians , had given increased power to the republics , whilst dampening the institutional and material power of the federal government | , and weakening serbia | . tito ' s authority substituted for this weakness until his death in 1980 , after which the state and [[ league of communists of yugoslavia | communist party ]] became | |
| 82813167 | 7 | to western business , banking and state interests and began pushing towards [[ neoliberalism ]] , to the delight of the us . the [[ ronald reagan | reagan ]] administration | which | , in [[ 1984 ]] , had supported imf / [[ world bank group | world bank ]] " [[ shock _ therapy _ ( economics ) | shock therapy ]] | |
| 20 | , the 1974 constitution , though better for the kosovar albanians , had given increased power to all republics , whilst dampening the institutional and material power of the federal government | , and weakening serbia | . tito ' s authority substituted for this weakness until his death in 1980 , after which the state and [[ league of communists of yugoslavia | communist party ]] became | ||
| 83862003 | 14 | later , it ceased to exist on [[ april 17 ]] , [[ 1941 ]] . the ' ' ' second yugoslavia ' ' ' was a [[ socialist state ]] | established immediately after [[ world war ii ]] in [[ november 29 ]] [[ 1945 ]] as the succesor | successor | state to the kingdom of yugoslavia . it existed under various names . proclaimed as the ' ' democratic federation of yugoslavia ( dfy ) ' ' in [[ 1943 ]] |
| 48 | 11 days later , it ceased to exist on [[ april 17 ]] , [[ 1941 ]] . the ' ' ' second yugoslavia ' ' ' was a [[ socialist | state | ]] established immediately after [[ world war ii ]] in [[ november 29 ]] [[ 1945 ]] as the succesor state to the kingdom of yugoslavia . it existed under various | ||
| 85006568 | 0 | [[ non - aligned movement ]] in [[ 1961 ]] , which remained the official affiliation of the country until it dissolved . = = = the economy = = = | {{ main | economy of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} | although rigorously socialist in developing its industrial base , yugoslavia allowed a certain amount of capitalist incursions , in the spirit of pluralism . this openness to western investment , however | |
| 87847188 | 32 | crime . = = = king alexander ' s dictatorship = = = following this , [[ alexander i of yugoslavia | king aleksandar i ]] banned national political parties in | [[ | 1929 ]] , assumed executive power and renamed the country yugoslavia . he hoped to curb separatist tendencies and mitigate nationalist passions . however , the balance of power changed in | |
| 89607677 | 0 | , thereby ending the last remnants of the former yugoslav federation . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = = = = southern slavic state = = = | bojan micic is a faggot | the first idea of a state for all south slavs emerged in the late 17th century , a product of visionary thinking of croat writers and philosophers who believed that the | |
| 90076309 | 0 | 300px | right | map showing [[ kingdom of yugoslavia # internal _ divisions | banovinas ]] in 1929 ]] = = = king alexander ' s dictatorship = = = | following this , [[ alexander i of yugoslavia | king aleksandar i ]] banned national political parties in 1929 , assumed executive power and renamed the | jew | country yugoslavia . he hoped to curb separatist tendencies and mitigate nationalist passions . however , the balance of power changed in international relations : in [[ italy ]] and [[ |
| 90079596 | 2 | 300px | right | map showing [[ kingdom of yugoslavia # internal _ divisions | banovinas ]] in 1929 ]] = = = king alexander ' s dictatorship = = = | jew | following this , [[ alexander i of yugoslavia | king aleksandar i ]] banned national political parties in 1929 , assumed executive power and renamed the | country . serbia rules . during an official visit to france in 1934 , the king was assassinated in [[ marseilles ]] by an experienced [[ vlado chernozemski | marksman ]] |
| 91986037 | 43 | [[ italy ]] and [[ germany ]] , [[ fascism | fascists ]] and [[ nazism | nazis ]] rose to power , and [[ joseph stalin | stalin ]] became | the | absolute ruler in the [[ soviet union ]] . none of these three states favoured the policy pursued by aleksandar i . in fact , the first two wanted to revise | |
| 94767422 | 0 | ' s leadership who proceeded to use police to restrain the violence . as police was insufficient force , the [[ yugoslav people ' s army | federal army ]] was | rightly | ordered by the yugoslav presidency to restore order . in january 1990 , the extraordinary 14th congress of the [[ league of communists of yugoslavia ]] was convened . for the | |
| 94995394 | 5 | government = = = [[ image : proslavatito . jpg | thumb | right | 200px | 1968 . [[ league of communists of yugoslavia | yugoslav communist party ]] celebration | . | ]] on [[ april 7 ]] , [[ 1963 ]] the nation changed its official name to [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] and [[ josip broz tito | tito | |
| 98949552 | 0 | country distanced itself from the soviets in 1948 ( cf . [[ cominform ]] and [[ informbiro ]] ) and started to build its own way to [[ socialism ]] under | the | strong political leadership of [[ josip broz tito ]] . the country criticized both [[ eastern bloc ]] and [[ nato ]] nations and , together with other countries , started | |
| 99570334 | 1 | , thereby ending the last remnants of the former yugoslav federation . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = = = = southern slavic state = = = | where the hell is yugoslavia ? ! ? ! ? ! ? ! ? ! | the first idea of a state for all south slavs emerged in the late 17th century , a product of visionary thinking of croat writers and philosophers who believed that the | |
| 99573012 | 1 | of the former yugoslav federation . _ _ toc _ _ = = background of the country that never existed = = = = = southern slavic state = = = | where the hell is yugoslavia ? ! ? ! ? ! ? ! ? ! | the first idea of a state for all south slavs emerged in the late 17th century , a product of visionary thinking of croat writers and philosophers who believed that the | |
| 100934522 | 0 | ' ( [[ november 29 ]] , [[ 1943 ]] & ndash ; [[ october 8 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] ) , a [[ socialism | socialist ]] successor state | ja vid jugoslavia | to the kingdom of yugoslavia , existed under various names , including the " democratic federation of yugoslavia ( dfy ) " ( 1943 ) , the " federal people ' | |
| 100934880 | 0 | ' ( [[ november 29 ]] , [[ 1943 ]] & ndash ; [[ october 8 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] ) , a [[ socialism | socialist ]] successor state | ja vid jugoslavia | to the kingdom of yugoslavia , existed under various names , including the " democratic federation of yugoslavia ( dfy ) " ( 1943 ) , the " federal people ' | |
| 101068997 | 0 | the federal parliament ( a collective presidency was formed after tito ' s death in 1980 ) . also important were the [[ communist party of yugoslavia | communist party ]] | presidents | general secretaries | for each republic and province , and the president of central committee of the communist party . josip broz tito was the most powerful person in the country , followed by |
| 101364725 | 0 | , thereby ending the last remnants of the former yugoslav federation . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = = = = southern slavic state = = = | the first idea of a state for all south slavs emerged in the late | logan like marie | 17th century , a product of visionary thinking of croat writers and philosophers who believed that the only way for southern slavs to regain lost freedom after centuries of occupation under |
| 101364813 | 0 | , thereby ending the last remnants of the former yugoslav federation . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = = = = southern slavic state = = = | logan like marie | the first idea of a state for all south slavs emerged in the late | 17th century , a product of visionary thinking of croat writers and philosophers who believed that the only way for southern slavs to regain lost freedom after centuries of occupation under |
| 102669832 | 7 | it up . the [[ independent state of croatia ]] was established as a nazi puppet - state , ruled by the [[ catholicism | catholic ]] [[ fascism | fascist | ]] | militia known as the [[ ustaše ]] that came into existence in 1929 , but was relatively limited in its activities until 1941 . german troops occupied [[ bosnia and herzegovina | |
| 107220473 | 7 | tied , for the republican government could not take nor carry out decisions that would apply to the provinces . since the provinces had a vote in the federal presidency council | ( an eight member council composed of representatives from six republics and two autonomous provinces ) | , they even entered into coalition with other republics , thus outvoting serbia . serbia ' s political impotence made it possible for others to exert pressure on the 2 million | |
| 14 | milošević ]] sought to restore pre - 1974 serbian sovereignty , which the republics of slovenia and croatia denounced as the revival of great serbian [[ hegemony | hegemonism ]] . | milošević succeded in reducing | the autonomy of [[ vojvodina ]] and of [[ kosovo | kosovo and metohija ]] was reduced , though both entities retained a vote in the yugoslav presidency council . as | ||
| 61 | former yugoslavia 2006 . png | 300px | thumb | right | countries of former yugoslavia . ]] in september 1991 , the [[ republic of macedonia ]] also declared independence | illegaly | , becoming the only former republic to gain sovereignty without resistance from the belgrade - based yugoslav authorities . five hundred u . s . soldiers were then deployed under the | ||
| 107888367 | 0 | , thereby ending the last remnants of the former yugoslav federation . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = = = = southern slavic state = = = | kyle schuster loves niki debell of dansville ny . . its so weird | the first idea of a state for all south slavs emerged in the late 17th century , a product of visionary thinking of croat writers and philosophers who believed that the | |
| 107899114 | 22 | , thereby ending the last remnants of the former yugoslav federation . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = = = = southern slavic state = = = | kyle schuster loves niki debell of dansville ny . . its so weird | the first idea of a state for all south slavs emerged in the late 17th century , a product of visionary thinking of croat writers and philosophers who believed that the | |
| 110342951 | 16 | to represent the south slavs of the empire , and they chose london as their headquarters . " ( blair , t . " the new - labour manifesto " ) | furthermore , the latin name for yugoslavia - " comtominus " - is literally translated to mean sub - human slav . this analogy is also evident in the works of the great dictator adolph hitler in his classic " mein kampf " . the above paragraph is an exert from his classical philosophical theory which attempts to represent the common belief that the hapsburg empire | was actually a result of the imagination and in essence never really existed , which of course nowadays has substantial factual evidence . stemming mainly from the old testament . while | |
| 111867936 | 0 | national hero by the citizens , so he gained the power in post - war independent [[ communism | communist ]] state , starting as a [[ prime minister ]] . | = = | well | the second yugoslavia = = ' ' main article : [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ' ' [[ image : sfryugoslavianumbered . png | thumb | 200px | right |
| 3 | federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution ]] of [[ federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ]] , modeling the [[ soviet union ]] , established six socialist republics , a | socialist autonomous province , and a socialist autonomous district that were part of sr serbia . the federal capital was [[ belgrade ]] . republics and provinces were ( in alphabetical order ) : # socialist republic of [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , with the capital in [[ sarajevo ]] , # socialist republic of [[ croatia ]] , with the capital in [[ zagreb ]] , # socialist republic of [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] , with the capital in [[ skopje ]] , # socialist republic of [[ montenegro ]] , with the capital in [[ podgorica | titograd ]] ( now podgorica ) , # socialist republic of [[ serbia ]] , with the capital in [[ belgrade ]] , which also contained : < br / > 5a . socialist autonomous district of [[ kosovo ]] and metohija , with the capital in [[ priština ]] < br / > 5b . socialist autonomous province of [[ vojvodina ]] , with the capital in [[ novi sad ]] # socialist republic of [[ slovenia ]] , with the capital in [[ ljubljana ]] . in 1974 , the two provinces of vojvodina and kosovo - metohija ( for the latter had by then been upgraded to the status of a province ) , as well as the republics of bosnia & herzegovina and montenegro , were granted greater autonomy to the point that albanian and hungarian became nationally recognised minority languages and the serbo - croat of bosnia and montenegro altered to a form based on the speech of the local people and not on the standards of zagreb and belgrade . [[ vojvodina ]] and [[ kosovo ]] - metohija form a part of the republic of [[ serbia ]] . the country distanced itself from the soviets in 1948 ( cf . [[ cominform ]] and [[ informbiro ]] ) and started to build its own way to [[ socialism ]] under the strong political leadership of [[ josip broz tito ]] . the country criticized both [[ eastern bloc ]] and [[ nato ]] nations and , together with other countries , started the [[ non - aligned movement ]] in 1961 , which remained the official affiliation of the country until it dissolved . = = = the economy = = = {{ main | economy of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} although rigorously socialist in developing its industrial base , yugoslavia allowed a certain amount of capitalist incursions , in the spirit of pluralism . this openness to western investment , however , sowed the seeds of the federation ' s demise . meanwhile , yugoslavia enjoyed stability and peace . throughout the 1960s and 1970s , the growth of yugoslavia ' s [[ gross domestic product ]] averaged 6 . 1 % . there was 91 % literacy and an average life expectancy of 72 years . the state provided housing , health care , education , and child care . citizens lived well on a per capita income of $ 3 , 000 a year ( in 1980 dollars ) , with one month paid vacation , plus a year ' s maternity leave , if needed . respect for workers was a central concern of government and society . = = = population = = = the population of the large yugoslavia in 1980 was 23 million . after it broke in 1990 it was 15 . 2 million . = = = the government = = = on [[ 7 april ]] [[ 1963 ]] the nation changed its official name to [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] and [[ josip broz tito | tito ]] was named [[ president for life ]] . in sfry , each republic and province had its own constitution , supreme court , parliament , president and prime minister . at the top of the yugoslav government were the president ( tito ) , the federal prime minister , and the federal parliament ( a collective presidency was formed after tito ' s death in 1980 ) . also important were the [[ communist party of yugoslavia | communist party ]] general secretaries for each republic and province , and the general secretary of central committee of the communist party . josip broz tito was the most powerful person in the country , followed by republican and provincial premiers and presidents , and communist party presidents . a wide variety of people suffered from his disfavor . slobodan penezić krcun , tito ' s chief of secret police in serbia , fell victim to a dubious traffic incident after he started to complain about tito ' s politics . the interior minister [[ aleksandar ranković ]] lost all of his titles and rights after a major disagreement with tito regarding state politics . sometimes ministers in government , such as [[ edvard kardelj ]] or [[ stane dolanc ]] , were more important than the prime minister . the suppression of national identities escalated with the | day | so - called [[ croatian spring ]] of 1970 - 1971 , when students in [[ zagreb ]] organized demonstrations for greater civil liberties and greater [[ croatia ]] n autonomy | |
| 111868326 | 0 | national hero by the citizens , so he gained the power in post - war independent [[ communism | communist ]] state , starting as a [[ prime minister ]] . | well | = = | the people sucked dick to get liberated and fuckin fucked 24 hours a day so that they could get free porn . . = = federal republic of yugoslavia = = |
| 111868834 | 0 | peter ii of yugoslavia | king peter ]] full powers . = = = the beginning of world war ii in yugoslavia = = = [[ adolf hitler | hitler ]] | smoked alot of weed and | then decided to attack yugoslavia on [[ april 6 ]] 1941 , followed immediately by an invasion of [[ greece ]] where [[ benito mussolini | mussolini ]] had previously been | |
| 111869190 | 2 | peter ii of yugoslavia | king peter ]] full powers . = = = the beginning of world war ii in yugoslavia = = = [[ adolf hitler | hitler ]] | smoked alot of weed and | then decided to attack yugoslavia on [[ april 6 ]] 1941 , followed immediately by an invasion of [[ greece ]] where [[ benito mussolini | mussolini ]] had previously been | |
| 131260685 | 0 | , thereby ending the last remnants of the former yugoslav federation . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = = = = southern slavic state = = = | the first idea of | if your reading this you probably don ' t have | a state for all south slavs emerged in the late 17th century , a product of visionary thinking of croat writers and philosophers who believed that the only way for southern |
| 131277598 | 0 | , thereby ending the last remnants of the former yugoslav federation . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = = = = southern slavic state = = = | if your reading this you probably don ' t have a life go away you loser | slavs emerged in the late 17th century , a product of visionary thinking of croat writers and philosophers who believed that the only way for southern slavs to regain lost freedom | |
| 131419480 | 0 | ethnic ]] [[ tension ]] s grew in yugoslavia . they all used the legacy of the [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution of 1974 ]] | was used | to throw the system of decision - making into a state of paralysis , all the more hopeless as the conflict of interests had become irreconcilable . the constitutional crisis that | |
| 131566806 | 0 | , thereby ending the last remnants of the former yugoslav federation . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = = = = southern slavic state = = = | the first idea of a state for all south | slavs emerged in the late 17th century , a product of visionary thinking of croat writers and philosophers who believed that the only way for southern slavs to regain lost freedom | |
| 134919978 | 4 | . in croatia there was growing advocacy of " ' ' croatian state and historical rights ' ' " , the serbs were stripped of their [[ nation | national ]] | al | and [[ constitution | constitutional ]] rights , thus becoming demoted from a constituent nation of croatia to national minority . following this , the serbs proclaimed the emergence of serbian | |
| 5 | advocacy of " ' ' croatian state and historical rights ' ' " , the serbs were stripped of their [[ nation | national ]] and [[ constitution | constitutional ]] | al | rights , thus becoming demoted from a constituent nation of croatia to national minority . following this , the serbs proclaimed the emergence of serbian autonomous areas ( known later as | ||
| 13 | there was growing advocacy of " ' ' croatian state and historical rights ' ' " , the serbs were stripped of their [[ nation | national ]] and [[ constitution | | constitutional | ]] rights , thus becoming demoted from a constituent nation of croatia to national minority . following this , the serbs proclaimed the emergence of serbian autonomous areas ( known later | ||
| 135158463 | 7 | 1992 the government held a national referendum on bosnian independence from yugoslavia . that referendum was in turn declared contrary to the bih and federal constitution by the federal constitution court | in belgrade | and the newly established bosnian serb government ; it was largely boycotted by the bosnian serbs . the turnout was somewhere between 64 - 67 % and 98 % of the | |
| 156872264 | 0 | was ratified in 1974 that gave more rights to the individual republics in yugoslavia and provinces in serbia . = = = ethnic tensions and the economic crisis = = = | {{ pov }} | the post - [[ world war ii ]] yugoslavia was in many respects a model of how to build a multinational state . the federation was constructed against a double background | |
| 158681853 | 0 | ( [[ bogić bogićević ]] ) , voted against . the tie delayed an escalation of conflicts , but not for long . following the first multi - party election results | in the autumn of 1990 | , the republics of slovenia and croatia proposed transforming yugoslavia into a loose [[ confederation ]] of six republics in the autumn of 1990 , however [[ slobodan milošević | milošević | |
| 158682046 | 0 | ( [[ bogić bogićević ]] ) , voted against . the tie delayed an escalation of conflicts , but not for long . following the first multi - party election results | , | in the autumn of 1990 , the republics of slovenia and croatia proposed transforming yugoslavia into a loose [[ confederation ]] of six republics . by this proposal republics would have | |
| 158830225 | 1 | and the federal parliament ( a collective presidency was formed after tito ' s death in 1980 ) . also important were the [[ communist party of yugoslavia | communist party | headed by joe bauer | ]] general secretaries for each republic and province , and the general secretary of central committee of the communist party . josip broz tito was the most powerful person in the | |
| 158835875 | 1 | and the federal parliament ( a collective presidency was formed after tito ' s death in 1980 ) . also important were the [[ communist party of yugoslavia | communist party | headed by joe bauer | ]] general secretaries for each republic and province , and the general secretary of central committee of the communist party . josip broz tito was the most powerful person in the | |
| 160502277 | 3 | yugoslav officers and soldiers were taken prisoners . the axis powers occupied yugoslavia and split it up . the independent state of croatia was established as a nazi puppet - state | ]] | , ruled by the [[ fascism | fascist ]] militia known as the ustaše that came into existence in 1929 , but was relatively limited in its activities until 1941 . | |
| 160691054 | 0 | gordon williamson < / ref > . by the end of the april 1941 , [[ independent state of croatia ]] has been created , as a chief [[ nazi ]] | sattelite | satellite | in the region . it has aquired [[ fascist ]] racial policy , declaring [[ serbs ]] , [[ jews ]] and [[ roma ]] the enemies of the state , |
| 176994887 | 0 | with the capital in [[ sarajevo ]] , # socialist republic of [[ croatia ]] , with the capital in [[ zagreb ]] , # former yugoslav socialist republic of [[ | former yugoslav republic of | macedonia ]] , with the capital in [[ skopje ]] , # socialist republic of [[ montenegro ]] , with the capital in [[ podgorica | titograd ]] ( now podgorica | |
| 184057204 | 9 | ( [[ 29 november ]] , [[ 1943 ]] & ndash ; [[ 25 june ]] , [[ 1991 ]] ) , a [[ socialism | socialist ]] successor state to | the kingdom of yugoslavia , existed under various names , including the " democratic federation of yugoslavia ( dfy ) " ( 1943 ) , the " | federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ( fpry ) " ( 1946 ) , and the " [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( sfry ) " ( 1963 | |
| 186115102 | 0 | national hero by the citizens , so he gained the power in post - war independent [[ communism | communist ]] state , starting as a [[ prime minister ]] . | origanaly he was going to give it to stalin ( the country ) but tito felt as if the russians hadn ' t suported him enoph thought out his campiagne . | = = the second yugoslavia = = {{ main | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ image : sfryugoslavianumbered . png | thumb | 200px | right | numbered map | |
| 186212189 | 0 | national hero by the citizens , so he gained the power in post - war independent [[ communism | communist ]] state , starting as a [[ prime minister ]] . | origanaly he was going to give it to stalin ( the country ) but tito felt as if the russians hadn ' t suported him enoph thought out his campiagne . | = = the second yugoslavia = = {{ main | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ image : sfryugoslavianumbered . png | thumb | 200px | right | numbered map | |
| 200575841 | 0 | the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the [[ 20th century ]] . the modern countries that were once constituent parts of yugoslavia ( socialist republics ) | but | that are now independent states are [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ serbia ]] | |
| 200599214 | 10 | partially recognized state after it also declared its independence in 2008 but was not a socialist republic of the former yugoslavia , it had the status of a socialist autonomous province | ]] | within serbia along with [[ vojvodina ]] . the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' ( [[ 1 december ]] , [[ 1918 ]] & ndash | |
| 204841894 | 0 | disagreement with tito regarding state politics . sometimes ministers in government , such as [[ edvard kardelj ]] or [[ stane dolanc ]] , were more important than the prime minister | . | andrewdeily | the suppression of national identities escalated with the so - called [[ croatian spring ]] of 1970 - 1971 , when students in [[ zagreb ]] organized demonstrations for greater civil |
| 204842052 | 0 | disagreement with tito regarding state politics . sometimes ministers in government , such as [[ edvard kardelj ]] or [[ stane dolanc ]] , were more important than the prime minister | < | andrewdeily the suppression of national identities escalated with the so - called [[ croatian spring ]] of 1970 - 1971 , when students in [[ zagreb ]] organized demonstrations for greater | |
| 1 | with tito regarding state politics . sometimes ministers in government , such as [[ edvard kardelj ]] or [[ stane dolanc ]] , were more important than the prime minister andrewdeily | > | the suppression of national identities escalated with the so - called [[ croatian spring ]] of 1970 - 1971 , when students in [[ zagreb ]] organized demonstrations for greater civil | ||
| 204842223 | 0 | disagreement with tito regarding state politics . sometimes ministers in government , such as [[ edvard kardelj ]] or [[ stane dolanc ]] , were more important than the prime minister | < andrewdeily > | the suppression of national identities escalated with the so - called [[ croatian spring ]] of 1970 - 1971 , when students in [[ zagreb ]] organized demonstrations for greater civil | |
| 204999541 | 2 | disagreement with tito regarding state politics . sometimes ministers in government , such as [[ edvard kardelj ]] or [[ stane dolanc ]] , were more important than the prime minister | . | the suppression of national identities escalated with the so - called [[ croatian spring ]] of 1970 - 1971 , when students in [[ zagreb ]] organized demonstrations for greater civil | |
| 206785833 | 0 | yugoslavia 1936 , physical ]] = = = king alexander ' s period = = = king [[ alexander i of yugoslavia | alexander i ]] banned national political parties in | 1929 | 1290 b . c . | , assumed executive power and renamed the country yugoslavia . he hoped to curb separatist tendencies and mitigate nationalist passions . however , alexander ' s policies soon ran into the |
| 206801668 | 3 | | yugoslavia 1936 , physical ]] = = = alexander ' s period = = = king [[ alexander i of yugoslavia | alexander i ]] banned national political parties in | 1290 b . c . | 1929 | , assumed executive power and renamed the country yugoslavia . he hoped to curb separatist tendencies and mitigate nationalist passions . however , alexander ' s policies soon ran into the |
| 206808719 | 7 | ]] ' ' ) describes three political entities that existed successively on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the 20th century . the constituent socialist republics | of yugoslavia | that made up the country | , from north to south , [[ slovenia ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ serbia ]] and [[ macedonia ]] |
| 206810242 | 3 | , thereby ending the last remnants of the loose agreement . on [[ february 18 ]] , [[ 2008 ]] , [[ republic of kosovo | kosovo ]] unilaterally declared independence | ]] | from serbia , an act fiercely opposed by serbia . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} the idea for a | |
| 213997714 | 0 | national hero by the citizens , so he gained the power in post - war independent [[ communism | communist ]] state , starting as a [[ prime minister ]] . | brad is my brother and he sits in misses wiklines class in the middle row ? ? ? ? ? | = = the second yugoslavia = = {{ main | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ image : sfryugoslavianumbered . png | thumb | 200px | right | numbered map | |
| 213998353 | 0 | national hero by the citizens , so he gained the power in post - war independent [[ communism | communist ]] state , starting as a [[ prime minister ]] . | brad is my brother and he sits in misses wiklines class in the middle row ? ? ? ? ? | = = the second yugoslavia = = {{ main | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ image : sfryugoslavianumbered . png | thumb | 200px | right | numbered map | |
| 214618266 | 0 | being publicly promoted . overall relative peace was retained under tito ' s rule , though nationalist protests did occur , but these were usually repressed and nationalist leaders were arrested | ans | and | some were executed by yugoslav officials . however one protest in croatia in the 1970s , called the " [[ croatian spring ]] " was backed by large numbers of croats |
| 214707204 | 0 | the [[ communist party of yugoslavia | communist party ]] general secretaries for each republic and province , and the general secretary of central committee of the communist party . josip | " tito " | broz tito was the most powerful person in the country , followed by republican and provincial premiers and presidents , and communist party presidents . a wide variety of people suffered | |
| 214793779 | 2 | the [[ communist party of yugoslavia | communist party ]] general secretaries for each republic and province , and the general secretary of central committee of the communist party . josip | " tito " | broz was the most powerful person in the country , followed by republican and provincial premiers and presidents , and communist party presidents . a wide variety of people suffered from | |
| 217660151 | 0 | most of them were local slovenes . the border police was already slovenian before declaring independence . the following day ( [[ june 26 ]] ) , the federal executive council | speifically | specifically | ordered the army to take control of the " internationally recognized borders " . see [[ ten - day war ]] . the [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] forces |
| 219540798 | 0 | movement in [[ world war ii ]] . it was renamed to the " federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia " in 1946 , when a communist government was established | in pork land | . in 1963 , it was renamed again to the " [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] " ( sfry ) . the constituent socialist republics that made up the | |
| 219563040 | 0 | movement in [[ world war ii ]] . it was renamed to the " federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia " in 1946 , when a communist government was established | in pork land | . in 1963 , it was renamed again to the " [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] " ( sfry ) . the constituent socialist republics that made up the | |
| 231803887 | 32 | powers ]] in 1941 , and because of the events that followed , was officially abolished in 1945 . the second country with this name was the " democratic federal yugoslavia | " | , proclaimed in 1943 by the [[ communist ]] resistance movement in [[ world war ii ]] . it was renamed to the " federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia | |
| 231810308 | 6 | national hero by the citizens , and was elected by referendum to lead the new independent [[ communism | communist ]] state , starting as a [[ prime minister ]] . | = = | people ! " ( the partisan slogan ) seconds before plunging to his death . ]] | the second yugoslavia = = {{ main | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ image : sfryugoslavianumbered . png | thumb | 200px | right | numbered map of yugoslav |
| 12 | = on [[ 7 april ]] [[ 1963 ]] the nation changed its official name to [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] and [[ josip broz tito | | ||||
| 13 | unsourced image removed : [[ image : proslavatito . jpg | thumb | right | 200px | 1968 . [[ league of communists of yugoslavia | yugoslav communist party ]] celebration | . | ]] --> on [[ 7 april ]] [[ 1963 ]] the nation changed its official name to [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] and [[ josip broz tito | tito | ||
| 231810719 | 0 | was ratified in 1974 that gave more rights to the individual republics in yugoslavia and provinces in serbia . = = = ethnic tensions and the economic crisis = = = | {{ pov | date = december 2007 }} {{ refimprove | date = september 2007 }} | the post - [[ world war ii ]] yugoslavia was in many respects a model of how to build a multinational state . the federation was constructed against a double background | |
| 241009864 | 0 | {st@rt} {{ refimprove | date = september 2008 }} {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of | yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ image : locationyugoslavia2 . png | thumb | right | 300px | general location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ serbo - croatian language | serbo - croatian ]] , [[ croatian language | croatian ]] , [[ serbian language | serbian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] , [[ montenegrin language | montenegrin ]] {{ fact | date = september 2008 }} , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' ; [[ serbian cyrillic alphabet | cyrillic script ]] : југославија ; literally | yugoslaiterally | in [[ english language | english ]] : " south slavia " or " land of [[ south slavs ]] " ) is a term that describes three political entities that |
| 241009878 | 0 | {st@rt} {{ refimprove | date = september 2008 }} {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of | yugoslaiterally | yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ image : locationyugoslavia2 . png | thumb | right | 300px | general location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ serbo - croatian language | serbo - croatian ]] , [[ croatian language | croatian ]] , [[ serbian language | serbian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] , [[ montenegrin language | montenegrin ]] {{ fact | date = september 2008 }} , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' ; [[ serbian cyrillic alphabet | cyrillic script ]] : југославија ; literally | in [[ english language | english ]] : " south slavia " or " land of [[ south slavs ]] " ) is a term that describes three political entities that |
| 243549350 | 3 | of [[ stjepan radić ]] = = = king alexander ' s period = = = king [[ alexander i of yugoslavia | alexander i ]] banned national political parties in | 1929 | 1529 | , assumed executive power and renamed the country yugoslavia . he hoped to curb separatist tendencies and mitigate nationalist passions . however , alexander ' s policies soon ran into the |
| 243549424 | 3 | of [[ stjepan radić ]] = = = king alexander ' s period = = = king [[ alexander iv of fugoslavia | alexander iv ]] banned national political parties in | 1529 | 1929 | , assumed executive power and renamed the country fugoslavia . he hoped to curb separatist tendencies and mitigate nationalist assions . however , alexander ' s policies soon ran into the |
| 269631355 | 0 | = = 1918 - 1928 = = = * [[ vidovdan constitution ]] * [[ treaty of rapallo , 1920 ]] * banning of the [[ cpy | communist party ]] | * [[ kingdom of serbs , croats , and slovenes election , 1923 | election 1923 ]] | * [[ treaty of rome , 1924 ]] * assassination of [[ stjepan radić ]] = = = king alexander ' s period = = = king [[ alexander i of | |
| 269647500 | 0 | = = 1918 - 1928 = = = * [[ vidovdan constitution ]] * [[ treaty of rapallo , 1920 ]] * banning of the [[ cpy | communist party ]] | * [[ kingdom of serbs , croats , and slovenes election , 1923 | election 1923 ]] | * [[ treaty of rome , 1924 ]] * assassination of [[ stjepan radić ]] = = = king alexander ' s period = = = king [[ alexander i of | |
| 281979473 | 0 | exports . western economies then entered recession , blocked yugoslav exports and created a huge debt problem . the yugoslav government then accepted the [[ international monetary fund | imf ]] | ' s conditionalities which shifted the burden of the crisis onto the yugoslav working class | loan | . simultaneously , strong social groups emerged within the [[ league of communists of yugoslavia | yugoslav communist party ]] , allied to western business , banking and state interests and |
| 284695040 | 11 | the largest yugoslav state , as [[ istria ]] and [[ rijeka ]] were added to the new yugoslavia after the end of world war ii . the constituent socialist republics | 1943 and | that made up the country , were : [[ sr bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ sr croatia ]] , [[ sr macedonia ]] , [[ sr montenegro ]] , [[ | |
| 32 | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution ]] of [[ federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ]] , modeling the [[ soviet union ]] , established six socialist republics , | a socialist | an | autonomous province , and a socialist autonomous district that were part of sr serbia . the federal capital was [[ belgrade ]] . republics and provinces were ( in alphabetical order | |
| 76 | were taken prisoner . the axis powers occupied yugoslavia and split it up . the [[ independent state of croatia ]] was established as a [[ nazi ]] [[ puppet state | ]] | , ruled by the [[ fascism | fascist ]] militia known as the [[ ustaše ]] that came into existence in 1929 , but was relatively limited in its activities until | ||
| 292712166 | 0 | with tito regarding state politics . sometimes ministers in government , such as [[ edvard kardelj ]] or [[ stane dolanc ]] , were more important than the prime minister . | n i like your mom in the bed | the suppression of national identities escalated with the so - called [[ croatian spring ]] of 1970 - 1971 , when students in [[ zagreb ]] organized demonstrations for greater civil | |
| 292712235 | 0 | with tito regarding state politics . sometimes ministers in government , such as [[ edvard kardelj ]] or [[ stane dolanc ]] , were more important than the prime minister . | n i like your mom in the bed | the suppression of national identities escalated with the so - called [[ croatian spring ]] of 1970 - 1971 , when students in [[ zagreb ]] organized demonstrations for greater civil | |
| 310938954 | 0 | : / / atheism . about . com / library / world / kz / bl _ yugoreligiondemography . htm < / ref > = = = government = = = | wikipedia is wrong , , , dont listen go to a normal site i got a f because i used this websit . | on 7 april 1963 , the nation changed its official name to [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] and [[ josip broz tito | tito ]] was named [[ president | |
| 310939187 | 0 | : / / atheism . about . com / library / world / kz / bl _ yugoreligiondemography . htm < / ref > = = = government = = = | wikipedia is wrong , , , dont listen go to a normal site i got a f because i used this websit . | on 7 april 1963 , the nation changed its official name to [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] and [[ josip broz tito | tito ]] was named [[ president | |
| 312074340 | 3 | = = = in experiment for a state in yugoslavia ' s geopolitical situation . the 1974 constitution , though whilst dampening the institutional and material power of the federal government | . | , | tito ' s authority substituted for this weakness until his death in 1980 , after which the state and [[ league of communists of yugoslavia | communist party ]] became increasingly |
| 329283670 | 13 | powers ]] in 1941 , and because of the events that followed , was officially abolished in 1943 and 1945 . the second country with this name was the democratic federal | yugoslavia , also known as | yugoslamania , proclaimed in 1943 by the [[ yugoslav partisans ]] resistance movement in [[ world war ii ]] . it was renamed to the federal people ' s republic of | |
| 337642740 | 16 | yugoslavia ( serbia and montenegro ) * june 1999 , [[ un ]] and [[ nato ]] administration arrived in [[ kosovo ]] * february 5 , 2003 , state union | of serbia and montenegro constituted * june 5 | , 2006 , after referendum in montenegro , montenegro declared their independence and serbia stated it is the successor of the state union . * february 17 , 2008 , [[ | |
| 337643174 | 0 | yugoslavia ) , and federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ( fpr yugoslavia ) * [[ serbia and montenegro ]] ( 1992 - 2006 ) , state union , initially | a federal state | known as the federal republic of yugoslavia {{ disambig }} [[ af : joegoslawië ]] [[ ar : يوغوسلافيا ]] [[ ast : yugoslavia ]] [[ az : yuqoslaviya ]] [[ | |
| 337769009 | 17 | yugoslavia ( serbia and montenegro ) * june 1999 , [[ un ]] and [[ nato ]] administration arrived in [[ kosovo ]] * february 5 , 2003 , state union | of serbia and montenegro constituted * june 5 | , 2006 , after referendum in montenegro , montenegro declared their independence and serbia stated it is the successor of the state union . * february 17 , 2008 , [[ | |
| 337777732 | 17 | yugoslavia ( serbia and montenegro ) * june 1999 , [[ un ]] and [[ nato ]] administration arrived in [[ kosovo ]] * february 5 , 2003 , state union | of serbia and montenegro constituted * june 5 | , 2006 , after referendum in montenegro , montenegro declared their independence and serbia stated it is the successor of the state union . * february 17 , 2008 , [[ | |
| 340419473 | 2 | . gmu . edu / 1989 / exhibits / collapse / essay collapse of communist yugoslavia ] {{ yug - timeline }} [[ pages in category " former socialist republics " | / > | " ]] [[ category : yugoslavia | ]] [[ category : former countries in the balkans ]] [[ category : former countries in europe ]] [[ category : former slavic countries | |
| 353576401 | 0 | ref > http : / / atheism . about . com / library / world / kz / bl _ yugoreligiondemography . htm < / ref > = = = government | , comunism | = = = on 7 april 1963 , the nation changed its official name to [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] and [[ josip broz tito | tito ]] was | |
| 353580658 | 0 | ref > http : / / atheism . about . com / library / world / kz / bl _ yugoreligiondemography . htm < / ref > = = = government | , comunism | = = = on 7 april 1963 , the nation changed its official name to [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] and [[ josip broz tito | tito ]] was | |
| 400599300 | 20 | of nationalism contributed to the collapse of yugoslavia in 1991 . < ref name = " atheism . about . com " / > = = = government = = = | [[ file : marsal tito . jpg | thumb | 150px | right | marshal [[ josip broz tito ]] ]] | on 7 april 1963 , the nation changed its official name to [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] and [[ josip broz tito | tito ]] was named [[ president | |
| 22 | to remain in yugoslavia , and one which would disenfranchise non - bosniaks . ]] [[ file : former yugoslavia 2008 . png | 250px | thumb | right | state | and | entities on the former territory of yugoslavia , 2008 . ]] {{ main | breakup of yugoslavia }} after tito ' s death on 4 may 1980 , [[ ethnic hatred | ||
| 441313646 | 68 | occupied yugoslavia and split it up . the [[ independent state of croatia ]] was established as a [[ nazi ]] satellite state , ruled by the [[ fascism | fascist | ]] | militia known as the [[ ustaše ]] that came into existence in 1929 , but was relatively limited in its activities until 1941 . german troops occupied [[ bosnia ( region | |
| 76 | of yugoslavia | marshal ]] josip broz tito was seen as a national hero by the citizens and was elected by referendum to lead the new independent [[ communism | communist | ]] | state , starting as a [[ prime minister ]] . the official yugoslav post - war estimate of [[ world war ii casualties | victims ]] in yugoslavia during [[ world | ||
| 78 | seen as a national hero by the citizens and was elected by referendum to lead the new independent [[ communism | communist ]] state , starting as a [[ prime minister | ]] | . the official yugoslav post - war estimate of [[ world war ii casualties | victims ]] in yugoslavia during [[ world war ii ]] is 1 , 704 , 000 | ||
| 143 | dates are considered the end of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia : * june 25 , 1991 , when [[ croatia ]] and [[ slovenia ]] declared independence * september | 8 , | 1991 , following a referendum the [[ republic of macedonia ]] declared independence * october 8 , 1991 , when the july 9 moratorium on slovenian and croatian secession was ended | ||
| 144 | 1991 , when [[ croatia ]] and [[ slovenia ]] declared independence * september 8 , 1991 , following a referendum the [[ republic of macedonia ]] declared independence * october | 8 , | 1991 , when the july 9 moratorium on slovenian and croatian secession was ended and croatia restated its independence in croatian parliament ( that day is celebrated as independence day in | ||
| 468701811 | 49 | only in certain realms , such as defense . the two constituent republics functioned separately throughout the period of the federal republic , and continued to operate under separate economic policies | , as well as using separate currencies ( the [[ euro ]] was the only legal tender in montenegro ) | . on 21 may 2006 , the [[ montenegrin independence referendum , 2006 | montenegrin independence referendum ]] was held . final official results indicated on 31 may that 55 . | |
| 499296493 | 1 | [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] , until 2003 . = = background = = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} originating from [[ pan - slavism ]] ideologies , | yugoslavia was ultimately the idea for | as | a single state for all [[ south slavs | south slavic ]] [[ intelligentsia ]] and emerged in the late 17th and gained prominence in the 19th century [[ illyrian movement |
| 542253903 | 1 | montenegro no longer exists as [[ montenegro ]] became an independent nation in june 2006 after the results of a [[ montenegrin independence referendum , 2006 | may 2006 referendum ]] | , therefore rendering serbia and montenegro as no longer existent | . after montenegrin independence , the state previously known as ' ' serbia and montenegro ' ' became known as the ' ' [[ republic of serbia ]] ' ' . | |
| 542265770 | 1 | 1992 . png | caption1 = yugoslavia at the time of its dissolution , early 1992 | image2 = former yugoslavia 2008 . png | caption2 = current state of affairs | on | , as of 2008 , of | the territory of the former yugoslavia , as of 2008 }} the successor states to the former yugoslavia are the following : { | class = " wikitable " ! < |
| 542265878 | 1 | 1992 . png | caption1 = yugoslavia at the time of its dissolution , early 1992 | image2 = former yugoslavia 2008 . png | caption2 = the state of affairs | , as of 2008 , | of the territory of the former yugoslavia }} the successor states to the former yugoslavia are the following : { | class = " wikitable " ! < center > [[ | |
| 544494947 | 0 | while still in exile , [[ king of yugoslavia | king ]] [[ peter ii of yugoslavia | peter ii ]] was deposed by yugoslavia ' s [[ constituent assembly ]] | , and the federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia is declared | . however , he refused to abdicate . on 31 january 1946 , the new [[ 1946 yugoslav constitution | constitution ]] of [[ federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia | |
| 1 | still in exile , [[ king of yugoslavia | king ]] [[ peter ii of yugoslavia | peter ii ]] was deposed by yugoslavia ' s [[ constituent assembly ]] . | < ref name = jes > {{ cite book | last1 = jessup | first1 = john e . | title = a chronology of conflict and resolution , 1945 - 1985 | year = 1989 | publisher = greenwood press | location = new york | isbn = 0 - 313 - 24308 - 5 | page = | pages = }} < / ref > | however , he refused to abdicate . on 31 january 1946 , the new [[ 1946 yugoslav constitution | constitution ]] of [[ federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ]] | ||
| 563179561 | 14 | sought to reform yugoslavia by devolving even more power to republics , but were voted down . as a result , the slovenian , and eventually croatian delegation left the congress | , | and the all - yugoslav communist party was dissolved . following the fall of communism in the rest of eastern europe , each of the republics held multi - party elections | |
| 15 | year passed other republics ' communist parties saw the inevitability of the democratization process and in december as the last member of the federation – serbia held parliamentary elections which confirmed | ( | former ) communists rule in this republic . the unresolved issues however remained . in particular , slovenia and croatia elected governments oriented towards greater autonomy of the republics ( under | ||
| 566575713 | 0 | | pages = }} < / ref > however , he refused to abdicate . on 31 january 1946 , the new [[ 1946 yugoslav constitution | constitution ]] of [[ | socialist | federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ]] , modeled after the [[ soviet union ]] , established six republics , an autonomous province , and an autonomous district that were | |
| 568473261 | 2 | to restore pre - 1974 serbian sovereignty . other republics , especially slovenia and croatia , denounced this move as a revival of great serbian [[ hegemony | hegemonism ]] . | slovenia and croatia voiced demands for looser ties within the federation . | following the fall of communism in the rest of eastern europe , each of the republics held multi - party elections in 1990 . slovenia and croatia held the elections in | |
| 582992172 | 9 | of ' ' yugoslavia ' ' in 1929 . = = = king alexander = = = king [[ alexander i of yugoslavia | alexander i ]] banned national political parties | in 1929 | , assumed executive power and renamed the country yugoslavia . he hoped to curb separatist tendencies and mitigate nationalist passions . however , alexander ' s policies later encountered opposition from | |
| 582993096 | 0 | josip broz tito was seen as a national hero by the citizens and was elected by referendum to lead the new independent communist state , starting as a prime minister . | {{ fact }} | the official yugoslav post - war estimate of [[ world war ii casualties | victims ]] in yugoslavia during world war ii is 1 , 704 , 000 . subsequent data | |
| 599855497 | 0 | still , slovenia began to covertly import arms to replenish its armed forces . croatia also embarked upon the illegal import of arms , ( following the disarmament of the republics | ' | armed forces by the federal jna ) mainly from hungary , and were under constant surveillance which produced a [[ špegelj tapes | video of a secret meeting ]] between the | |
| 614821972 | 0 | ]] was ratified in 1974 that gave more rights to the individual republics in yugoslavia and provinces in serbia . = = = ethnic tensions and economic crisis = = = | [[ file : ethnic structure of sfr yugoslavia according to 1981 census . jpg | 300px | thumb | right | ethnic structure of sfr yugoslavia according to 1981 census ]] | the yugoslav federation was constructed against a double background : an inter - war yugoslavia which had been dominated by the serbian ruling class ; and a war - time division | |
| 616888308 | 17 | ]] sought to restore pre - 1974 serbian sovereignty . other republics , especially slovenia and croatia , denounced this move as a revival of great serbian [[ hegemony | hegemonism | ]] | . through a series of moves known as the " [[ anti - bureaucratic revolution ]] " , milošević succeeded in reducing the autonomy of [[ vojvodina ]] and of [[ | |
| 616890253 | 2 | with tito regarding state politics . sometimes ministers in government , such as [[ edvard kardelj ]] or [[ stane dolanc ]] , were more important than the prime minister . | the suppression of national identities escalated | first cracks in the tightly governed system surfaced when students of the [[ university of belgrade ]] and several other cities joined the worldwide [[ protests of 1968 ]] . president josip broz tito gradually stopped the protests by giving in to some of the students ' demands and saying that " students are right " during a televised speech . but in the following years , he dealt | with the so - called [[ croatian spring ]] of 1970 – 1971 , when students in [[ zagreb ]] organized demonstrations for greater civil liberties and greater croatian autonomy . |
| 617081328 | 2 | his death in 1980 . in 1963 , the country was renamed again to the [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( sfry ) . the constituent six socialist republics | and two socialist autonomous provinces | that made up the country were [[ socialist republic of bosnia and herzegovina | sr bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ socialist republic of croatia | sr croatia ]] , [[ | |
| 624526465 | 0 | was ratified in 1974 , which gave more rights to the individual republics in yugoslavia and provinces in serbia . = = = ethnic tensions and economic crisis = = = | [[ file : ethnic structure of sfr yugoslavia according to 1981 census . jpg | 300px | thumb | right | ethnic structure of sfr yugoslavia according to 1981 census ]] | the yugoslav federation was constructed against a double background : an inter - war yugoslavia which had been dominated by the serbian ruling class ; and a war - time division | |
| 702550312 | 41 | the legitimate government , but in november 1945 the monarchy was abolished . yugoslavia was renamed the federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia in 1946 , when a communist government | ]] | was established . it acquired the territories of [[ istria ]] , [[ rijeka ]] , and [[ zadar ]] from italy . partisan leader [[ josip broz tito ]] ruled | |
| 702589142 | 41 | ]] the monarchy was abolished . [[ yugoslavia ]] was renamed the [[ federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ]] in [[ 1946 ]] , when a [[ communist government | ]] | was established . it acquired the territories of [[ istria ]] , [[ rijeka ]] , and [[ zadar ]] from [[ italy ]] . [[ partisan ]] leader [[ josip | |
| 772701137 | 2 | [[ yugoslavs | yugoslav ]] | currency = [[ yugoslav dinar ]] | [[ category : yugoslavia | * ]] [[ category : former countries ]] [[ da : jugoslavien ]] [[ de : jugoslawien ]] [[ | |||
| 52804037 | 0 | - 67 % and 98 % of the voters voted for independence . it was unclear what the two - thirds majority requirement actually meant and whether it was satisfied {{ | fact | citation needed | }} . the republic ' s government declared its independence on [[ 5 april ]] , and since that decision was made without the consent of all three nations living in |
| 52942385 | 0 | - 67 % and 98 % of the voters voted for independence . it was unclear what the two - thirds majority requirement actually meant and whether it was satisfied {{ | citation needed | fact | }} . the republic ' s government declared its independence on [[ 5 april ]] , and since that decision was made without the consent of all three nations living in |
| 56800146 | 0 | subjects of national rights which could not be overridden by the will of the croatian republic . = = = breakup = = = {{ npov - section }} {{ wikify | - date | june 2006 | }} after tito ' s death in 1980 , ethnic tensions grew in yugoslavia . the legacy of the constitution of 1974 threw the system of decision - making into a | |
| 78657034 | 0 | | republic of macedonia }} {{ legend | # 008000 | bosnia and herzegovina }} {{ legend | # 8080ff | federation of bosnia and herzegovina }} {{ legend | # | ff0080 | ff80ff | | republika srpska }} {{ legend | # 00fe00 | brčko district }} {{ legend | # 29efef | kosovo }} {{ legend | # f66c10 | montenegro }} ]] after |
| 2 | }} {{ legend | # ff0080 | republika srpska }} {{ legend | # 00fe00 | brčko district }} {{ legend | # 29efef | kosovo }} {{ legend | # | f66c10 | d3ae3b | | montenegro }} ]] after tito ' s death on [[ may 4th ]] [[ 1980 ]] , [[ ethnic group | ethnic ]] [[ tension ]] s grew in yugoslavia | |
| 106034403 | 0 | than a hundred years before . meanwhile [[ slovenia ]] , under the presidency of [[ milan kučan ]] , along with [[ croatia ]] openly supported albanian miners {{ fact | | date = february 2007 | }} , and initial strikes turned into widespread demonstrations demanding a kosovo republic . this angered serbia ' s leadership who proceeded to use police to restrain the violence . as | |
| 1 | the demonstrations in [[ split ]] ( croatia ) , a young [[ yugoslavs | yugoslav ]] conscript was pushed off the tank after driving it through people . {{ fact | | date = february 2007 | }} also guns were fired from army bases through croatia . elsewhere , tensions were running high . in the same month , the [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] | ||
| 2 | 67 % and 98 % of the voters voted for independence . it was unclear what the two - thirds majority requirement actually meant and whether it was satisfied {{ fact | | date = february 2007 | }} . the republic ' s government declared its independence on [[ 5 april ]] , and the serbs immediately declared the independence of republika srpska . the [[ bosnian war | ||
| 156524186 | 3 | certain amount of capitalist incursions , in the spirit of pluralism . this openness to western investment , however , sowed the seeds of the federation ' s demise {{ fact | | date = september 2007 | }} . meanwhile , yugoslavia enjoyed stability and peace . throughout the 1960s and 1970s , the growth of yugoslavia ' s [[ gross domestic product ]] averaged 6 . 1 | |
| 166268501 | 0 | repelled . ( as a result , the launch of [[ operation barbarossa ]] was delayed by four weeks , which proved to be a costly decision . ) {{ fact | | date = october 2007 | }} = = yugoslavia during the second world war = = {{ seealso | participants in world war ii # yugoslavia }} = = = the invasion of yugoslavia = = | |
| 193980583 | 0 | yugoslav theatre tended to favor fragmentation . there were also other specifically yugoslav , structural flaws which helped to generate the collapse . for instance , many would argue {{ fact | | date = february 2008 | }} that the decentralized market socialism was a disastrous experiment for a state in yugoslavia ' s geopolitical situation . the 1974 constitution , though better for the kosovar albanians , | |
| 206802676 | 4 | the " kingdom of serbia " ( kraljevina srbija / краљевина србија ) to form " kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes " ( serbo - croatian : {{ lang | | | - | sh | kraljevina slovenaca , hrvata i srba / краљевина словенаца , хрвата и срба }} ; slovene : {{ lang | sl | kraljevina slovencev , hrvatov in srbov }} |
| 5 | slovenes " ( serbo - croatian : {{ lang | sh | kraljevina slovenaca , hrvata i srba / краљевина словенаца , хрвата и срба }} ; slovene : {{ lang | | | - | sl | kraljevina slovencev , hrvatov in srbov }} ; macedonian : {{ lang | mk | кралство на србите , хрватите и словенците }} ) . the country was re | |
| 217433443 | 0 | kingdom of serbs , croats , and slovenes election , 1923 | election 1923 ]] * [[ treaty of rome , 1924 ]] * assassination of [[ stjepan radić ]] {{ | expand - | section - stub }} [[ image : banovine kj . jpg | thumb | 280px | right | map showing [[ kingdom of yugoslavia # internal divisions | banovinas ]] in | |
| 1 | of serbs , croats , and slovenes election , 1923 | election 1923 ]] * [[ treaty of rome , 1924 ]] * assassination of [[ stjepan radić ]] {{ section | - stub | | date = june 2008 | }} [[ image : banovine kj . jpg | thumb | 280px | right | map showing [[ kingdom of yugoslavia # internal divisions | banovinas ]] in 1929 ]] [[ | |
| 240067528 | 0 | ]] , [[ croatian language | croatian ]] , [[ serbian language | serbian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] , [[ montenegrin language | montenegrin ]] {{ fact | | date = september 2008 | }} , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' ; [[ serbian cyrillic alphabet | cyrillic script ]] : југославија ; literally in [[ english language | |
| 241638823 | 1 | wikipedia . org / wiki / jasenovac # victim _ counts < / ref > = = = yugoslav people ' s liberation war = = = {{ main | yugoslav | people ' s liberation war | national resistance | }} from the start , the yugoslav resistance forces consisted of two factions : the communist - led [[ yugoslav partisans ]] , and the royalist [[ chetniks ]] . with |
| 241739997 | 1 | / en . wikipedia . org / wiki / jasenovac # victim _ counts < / ref > = = = yugoslav national resistance = = = {{ main | yugoslav | national resistance | people ' s liberation war | }} from the start , the yugoslav resistance forces consisted of two factions : the communist - led [[ yugoslav partisans ]] , and the royalist [[ chetniks ]] . with |
| 255553113 | 4 | {st@rt} {{ refimprove | date = september 2008 }} {{ main | kingdom of yugoslobia | federal abomination of yugoslobia | federal | abomination | republic | of yugoslobia }} [[ image : locationyugoslavia2 . png | thumb | right | 300px | general location of the political entities known as yugoslobia . the precise borders varied over |
| 259630650 | 1 | the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , which applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004 . croatia applied for membership in 2003 , and could join before 2010 | {{ fact | date = december | . | 2008 }} . macedonia applied in 2004 , and will probably join by 2010 – 2015 {{ fact | date = december 2008 }} . the remaining four republics have yet |
| 259635090 | 2 | to fascism , freedom to the people ! " ( the partisan slogan ) seconds before plunging to his death . ]] {{ main | yugoslav people ' s liberation war | | invasion of yugoslavia | }} = = = invasion of yugoslavia = = = {{ main | invasion of yugoslavia }} at 5 : 12 a . m . on april 6 , 1941 , | |
| 284700151 | 1 | declaring independence , which ended in what many consider to have been an ethnic cleansing of serbs from a part of croatia . {{ pov - statement | date = 2009 | - 04 - 18 | }} ]] [[ file : alijaizetbegovic1 . jpg | thumb | 150px | right | bosnian president [[ alija izetbegović ]] pushed for independence of bosnia , claiming that he would | |
| 293410555 | 0 | [[ gypsies ]] , [[ jews ]] and [[ croats ]] opposing its ideas . = = = yugoslav people ' s liberation war = = = {{ main | yugoslav | people ' s liberation | front ( world | war }} from the start , the yugoslav resistance forces consisted of two factions : the communist - led [[ yugoslav partisans ]] , and the royalist [[ chetniks ]] . |
| 338545828 | 24 | most of its existence a federal state , eventually became known in 2003 as a state union of serbia and montenegro = = see also = = * [[ history of | yugoslavia ]] {{ disambig | }} [[ af : joegoslawië ]] [[ ar : يوغوسلافيا ]] [[ ast : yugoslavia ]] [[ az : yuqoslaviya ]] [[ be : югаславія ]] [[ be - x - | |
| 343388483 | 0 | ]] ( including the [[ autonomy | autonomous ]] provinces of [[ sap vojvodina ]] and [[ sap kosovo ]] which were also equal members of the federation {{ citation needed | | date = february 2010 | }} ) . starting in 1991 , the sfry disintegrated in the [[ yugoslav wars ]] which followed the [[ secession ]] of most of the country ' s constituent entities | |
| 347164096 | 15 | serbs upon croatia declaring independence , which ended in what many consider to have been an ethnic cleansing of serbs from a part of croatia . {{ pov - statement | | date = april 2009 | mid | }} ]] [[ file : alijaizetbegovic1 . jpg | thumb | 150px | right | bosnian president [[ alija izetbegović ]] pushed for independence of bosnia , claiming that he would |
| 582995381 | 0 | tito was seen as a national hero by the citizens and was elected by referendum to lead the new independent communist state , starting as a prime minister . {{ fact | | date = november 2013 | }} the official yugoslav post - war estimate of [[ world war ii casualties | victims ]] in yugoslavia during world war ii is 1 , 704 , 000 . subsequent | |
| 600495295 | 0 | . serbia and jna used this discovery of croatian rearmament for propaganda purposes . the film was spiced by distorting sounds and fabricated voice of the croatian minister {{ citation needed | | date = march 2014 | }} . guns were also fired from army bases through croatia . elsewhere , tensions were running high . in the same month , the [[ yugoslav people ' s army | |
| 622080554 | 0 | [[ file : coat of arms of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | march 1 , 1992 | april 6 , 1992 {{ fact | | date = august 2014 | }} | march 1 | - | [[ croatia ]] | [[ zagreb ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of croatia . svg | 70px | border ]] | |
| 1 | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of croatia . svg | 40px ]] < center > | june 25 , 1991 | october 8 , 1991 {{ fact | | date = august 2014 | }} | june 25 | - | [[ republic of kosovo | kosovo ]] | [[ pristina ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of kosovo . svg | | ||
| 2 | | 40px ]] < / center > | february 17 , 2008 | no official recognition due to [[ international recognition of kosovo | ongoing kosovar sovereignty dispute ]] {{ fact | | date = august 2014 | }} | february 17 | - | [[ macedonia ( country ) | macedonia ]] | [[ skopje ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of macedonia . svg | ||
| 3 | file : coat of arms of the republic of macedonia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | september 8 , 1991 | april 8 , 1993 {{ fact | | date = august 2014 | }} | september 8 | - | [[ montenegro ]] | [[ podgorica ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of montenegro . svg | 70px | border ]] | ||
| 4 | / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of montenegro . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | may 21 , 2006 {{ fact | | date = august 2014 | }} | june 3 , 2006 {{ fact }} | may 21 | - | [[ serbia ]] | [[ belgrade ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of | ||
| 5 | file : coat of arms of montenegro . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | may 21 , 2006 {{ fact }} | june 3 , 2006 {{ fact | | date = august 2014 | }} | may 21 | - | [[ serbia ]] | [[ belgrade ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of serbia . svg | 70px | border ]] | ||
| 6 | / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of serbia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | may 22 , 2006 {{ fact | | date = august 2014 | }} | june 5 , 2006 {{ fact }} | february 15 | - | [[ slovenia ]] | [[ ljubljana ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of | ||
| 7 | file : coat of arms of serbia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | may 22 , 2006 {{ fact }} | june 5 , 2006 {{ fact | | date = august 2014 | }} | february 15 | - | [[ slovenia ]] | [[ ljubljana ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of slovenia . svg | 70px | border ]] | ||
| 622094862 | 0 | [[ slovenes | slovene ]] ethnic territory . {{ efn - lr | the [[ slovene minority in italy ( 1920 – 1947 ) ]] was subjected to forced [[ italianization | | italianisation | ]] . }} ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ serbo - croatian ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] | |
| 655812829 | 0 | the 1970s which was the product of disastrous errors by yugoslav governments , such as borrowing vast amounts of western capital in order to fund growth through exports {{ citation needed | | date = april 2015 | }} . western economies then entered recession , blocked yugoslav exports and created a huge debt problem . the yugoslav government then accepted the [[ international monetary fund | imf ]] | |
| 656901506 | 40 | | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | 1 march 1992 | 6 april 1992 | {{ citation needed | date = august 2014 | }} | 1 march | - | [[ croatia ]] | [[ zagreb ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of croatia . svg | 70px | border ]] | |
| 44 | / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of croatia . svg | 40px ]] < center > | 25 june 1991 | 8 october 1991 | {{ citation needed | date = august 2014 | }} | 25 june | - | [[ kosovo ]] | [[ pristina ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of kosovo . svg | 70px | border ]] | ||
| 51 | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of the republic of macedonia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | 8 september 1991 | 8 april 1993 | {{ citation needed | date = august 2014 | }} | 8 september | - | [[ montenegro ]] | [[ podgorica ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of montenegro . svg | 70px | border ]] | ||
| 55 | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of montenegro . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | 21 may 2006 | {{ citation needed | date = august 2014 | }} | 3 june 2006 {{ citation needed | date = august 2014 }} | 21 may | - | [[ serbia ]] | [[ belgrade ]] | < center > | ||
| 56 | coat of arms of montenegro . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | 21 may 2006 {{ citation needed | date = august 2014 }} | 3 june 2006 | {{ citation needed | date = august 2014 | }} | 21 may | - | [[ serbia ]] | [[ belgrade ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of serbia . svg | 70px | border ]] | ||
| 60 | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of serbia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | 22 may 2006 | {{ citation needed | date = august 2014 | }} | 5 june 2006 {{ citation needed | date = august 2014 }} | 15 february | - | [[ slovenia ]] | [[ ljubljana ]] | < center > | ||
| 61 | coat of arms of serbia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | 22 may 2006 {{ citation needed | date = august 2014 }} | 5 june 2006 | {{ citation needed | date = august 2014 | }} | 15 february | - | [[ slovenia ]] | [[ ljubljana ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of slovenia . svg | 70px | border ]] | ||
| 754485190 | 2 | : 4em " | [[ file : coat of arms of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | 40px ]] | {{ dts | 1 march 1992 }} | {{ dts | | 6 april | 22 05 | 1992 }} < br / > {{ citation needed | date = august 2014 }} | {{ dts | 1 march }} | - | [[ croatia ]] | [[ zagreb |
| 3 | | 70px | border ]] | [[ file : coat of arms of croatia . svg | 40px ]] | {{ dts | 25 june 1991 }} | {{ dts | | 8 october 1991 | 22 05 1992 | }} < br / > {{ citation needed | date = august 2014 }} | {{ dts | 25 june }} | - | [[ kosovo ]] | [[ pristina ]] | |
| 9 | border ]] | [[ file : coat of arms of the republic of macedonia . svg | 40px ]] | {{ dts | 8 september 1991 }} | {{ dts | | 8 april 1993 | 01 11 2000 | }} < br / > {{ citation needed | date = august 2014 }} | {{ dts | 8 september }} | - | [[ montenegro ]] | [[ podgorica ]] | |
| 21 | serbia . svg | 40px ]] | {{ dts | 22 may 2006 }} < br / > {{ citation needed | date = august 2014 }} | {{ dts | | 5 june 2006 | }} < br / > {{ citation needed | date = august 2014 }} | {{ dts | 15 february }} | - | [[ slovenia ]] | [[ ljubljana ]] | ||
| 786261646 | 0 | [[ file : flag of serbia . svg | 70px | border ]] | [[ file : coat of arms of serbia . svg | 40px ]] | {{ dts | | 22 may | 5 june | 2006 }} < br / > {{ citation needed | date = august 2014 }} | {{ dts | 01 11 2000 }} < br > < small > ( as |
| 5 | [[ file : flag of montenegro . svg | 70px | border ]] | [[ file : coat of arms of montenegro . svg | 40px ]] | {{ dts | | 21 may | 3 june | 2006 }} < br / > {{ citation needed | date = august 2014 }} | {{ dts | 28 06 2006 }} | - | [[ republic of macedonia | | |
| 807327529 | 1 | }} [[ file : yugoslavia location map . svg | thumb | right | 300px | general location of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( {{ lang | - | | | sh | jugoslavija / }} југославија {{ ipa - sh | juɡǒslaːʋija | } } ; {{ lang - sl | jugoslavija }} {{ ipa - sl | juɡɔˈslàːʋija | } |
| 809499570 | 1 | {st@rt} {{ about | the | former country in | 1943 - 1992 federation | [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] | | the western balkans }} {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} [[ |
| 818987764 | 0 | co . uk / tol / arts _ and _ entertainment / the _ tls / article3410344 . ece " where the west went wrong " ] : {{ dead link | | date = january 2018 | }} an article in the [ http : / / www . the - tls . co . uk tls ] by charles king about the dissolution of yugoslavia . * | |
| 819802470 | 7 | [[ file : flag of serbia . svg | 70px | border ]] | [[ file : coat of arms of serbia . svg | 40px ]] | {{ dts | | 5 june 2006 | 28 april 1992 | }} < ref name = " jurist " > {{ cite web | url = http : / / www . jurist . org / thisday / 2011 / 06 / |
| 819804471 | 0 | of serbia and montenegro . svg | 70px | border ]] | [[ file : coat of arms of serbia and montenegro . svg | 40px ]] | {{ dts | | 28 | 27 | april 1992 }} < br > < small > date of the proclamation of fr yugoslavia | {{ dts | 01 11 2000 }} < br > < small > membership |
| 819819549 | 0 | stat _ pop2 = | cctld = [[ . yu ]] | calling _ code = 38 | currency = yugoslav dinar | footnotes = | footnotes2 = | today = | {{ flag | serbia }} < br / > {{ flag | croatia }} < br / > {{ flag | bosnia and herzegovina }} < br / > {{ flag | montenegro }} < br / > {{ flag | slovenia }} < br / > {{ flag | macedonia }} < br / > {{ flag | kosovo }} {{ ref label | ksv | a | } } | footnote _ a = {{ note | ksv }} {{ kosovo - note }} | }} ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ serbo - croatian language | serbo - croatian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] , [[ macedonian language | | |
| 3 | _ year2 = | stat _ area2 = | stat _ pop2 = | cctld = [[ . yu ]] | calling _ code = 38 | currency = yugoslav dinar | | footnotes = | footnotes2 = | | today = }} ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ serbo - croatian language | serbo - croatian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] , [[ | ||
| 820335320 | 2 | | ( 1929 – 1931 ) }} < br / > [[ federal republic | federal ]] [[ socialist state | socialist ]] [[ republic ]] {{ small | ( 1945 | - | – | 1992 ) }} | title _ leader = | leader1 = | year _ leader1 = | event _ start = [[ creation of yugoslavia | creation ]] | date _ |
| 842266865 | 0 | ' ( [[ serbo - croatian language | serbo - croatian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] : ' ' {{ lang | | | - | sh | jugoslavija }} ' ' , југославија ; {{ ipa - sh | juɡǒslaːʋija | } } ) was a country in [[ southeast europe | southeastern ]] and [[ |
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| 314884067 | 8 | effectively dissolving one of the last vestiges of the former yugoslavia . = = legacy = = = = = new states = = = countries created from the former yugoslavia | are | : { | class = " wikitable " ! < center > ' ' ' [[ list of countries | name ]] ' ' ' < / center > ! ! | |
| 314888561 | 8 | effectively dissolving one of the last vestiges of the former yugoslavia . = = legacy = = = = = new states = = = countries created from the former yugoslavia | are | : { | class = " wikitable " ! < center > ' ' ' [[ list of countries | name ]] ' ' ' < / center > ! ! | |
| 315047149 | 8 | effectively dissolving one of the last vestiges of the former yugoslavia . = = legacy = = = = = new states = = = countries created from the former yugoslavia | are | : { | class = " wikitable " ! < center > ' ' ' [[ list of countries | name ]] ' ' ' < / center > ! ! | |
| 315141168 | 8 | effectively dissolving one of the last vestiges of the former yugoslavia . = = legacy = = = = = new states = = = countries created from the former yugoslavia | are | : { | class = " wikitable " ! < center > ' ' ' [[ list of countries | name ]] ' ' ' < / center > ! ! | |
| 315205975 | 8 | effectively dissolving one of the last vestiges of the former yugoslavia . = = legacy = = = = = new states = = = countries created from the former yugoslavia | are | : { | class = " wikitable " ! < center > ' ' ' [[ list of countries | name ]] ' ' ' < / center > ! ! | |
| 467907565 | 1 | thumb | right | states and entities on the former territory of yugoslavia , 2008 . ]] = = = new states = = = countries created from the former yugoslavia | : | ( with the initial | { | class = " wikitable " ! < center > ' ' ' [[ list of countries | name ]] ' ' ' < / center > ! ! < |
| 467914600 | 1 | flag ]] ' ' ' < / center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' [[ coat of arms ]] ' ' ' < / center > | - | | | { | class = " wikitable " ! < center > ' ' ' [[ list of countries | name ]] ' ' ' < / center > ! ! < | |
| 5 | entities on the former territory of yugoslavia , 2008 . ]] = = = new states = = = countries created directly from the former yugoslavia ( with the initial [[ | de iure ]] symbols ) , gained [[ un ]] membership 1991 - 2000 : | { | class = " wikitable " ! < center > ' ' ' [[ list of countries | name ]] ' ' ' < / center > ! ! < | ||
| 484907504 | 0 | 2008 . png | 300px | thumb | right | states and entities on the former territory of yugoslavia , 2008 . ]] current countries created after the collapse of yugoslavia | in former yugoslavia | : { | class = " wikitable " ! < center > ' ' ' name ' ' ' < / center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' | |
| 496003280 | 15 | of fr yugoslavia , bosnia and herzegovina and croatia = = new states = = [[ file : former yugoslavia 2008 . png | 300px | thumb | right | states | and entities on the former territory of yugoslavia , 2008 . ]] countries that emerged from the former yugoslavia | : { | class = " wikitable " ! < center > ' ' ' name ' ' ' < / center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' | |
| 542255088 | 1 | 1992 | image2 = former yugoslavia 2008 . png | caption2 = current state of affairs on the territory of the former yugoslavia , as of 2008 }} yugoslav successor states | to the former yugoslavia , as of 2013 , are the following | : { | class = " wikitable " ! < center > ' ' ' [[ list of countries | name ]] ' ' ' < / center > ! ! | |
| 547327217 | 30 | soviet union ]] , established six republics , an autonomous province , and an autonomous district that were part of sr serbia . the federal capital was [[ belgrade ]] . | republics and provinces were ( in alphabetical order ) : | { | class = " sortable wikitable " ! < center > ' ' ' number ' ' ' < / center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' | |
| 616726337 | 1 | the [[ soviet union ]] , established six republics , an autonomous province , and an autonomous district that were part of sr serbia . the federal capital was [[ belgrade | ]] | . the policy focused on a strong central government under the control of the communist party , and on recognition of the multiple nationalities . < ref > {{ cite book | author1 = arnold and wiener | title = cold war : the essential reference guide | url = http : / / books . google . com / books ? id = xrd6y - oifpac & pg = pa216 | year = 2012 | | page = 216 }} < / ref > | . { | class = " wikitable " | - ! < center > ' ' ' [[ list of countries | name ]] ' ' ' < / center > |
| 2 | < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of the socialist republic of slovenia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | } | tito ' s regional goal was to expand south and take control of albania and parts of greece | { | class = " wikitable " | - ! < center > ' ' ' [[ list of countries | name ]] ' ' ' < / center > ! | ||
| 620300269 | 4 | cite book | author1 = arnold and wiener | title = cold war : the essential reference guide | url = http : / / books . google . com / | books ? id = xrd6y - oifpac & pg = pa216 | year = 2012 | | page = 216 }} < / ref | > { | class = " wikitable " | - ! < center > ' ' ' [[ list of countries | name ]] ' ' ' < / center > | |
| 734265701 | 0 | central government under the control of the communist party , and on recognition of the multiple nationalities . < ref name = " books . google . com " / > | {{ clear }} | { | class = " wikitable " | - ! < center > ' ' ' [[ list of countries | name ]] ' ' ' < / center > ! | |
| 819802470 | 2 | 1995 , the [[ dayton agreement ]] is signed by the leaders of fr yugoslavia , bosnia and herzegovina , and croatia = = new states = = the successor states | to the former yugoslavia are the following : | . < ref name = " successor agreement " / > | { | class = " sortable wikitable " ! [[ list of sovereign states | name ]] ! [[ capital city | capital ]] ! [[ flag ]] ! [[ coat |
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| 54472252 | 0 | languages ]] , in [[ serbian language | serbian ]] and [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] [[ cyrillic ]] ' ' југославија ' ' ) is a term used for | three | four | separate but successive political entities that existed during most of the [[ 20th century ]] on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in [[ europe ]] . translated , the name means |
| 54472293 | 0 | languages ]] , in [[ serbian language | serbian ]] and [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] [[ cyrillic ]] ' ' југославија ' ' ) is a term used for | four | three | separate but successive political entities that existed during most of the [[ 20th century ]] on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in [[ europe ]] . translated , the name means |
| 82273156 | 0 | ]] , ' ' југославија ' ' in [[ serbian language | serbian ]] and [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] [[ cyrillic ]] ) is a term used for the | three | eight | separate political entities that existed during most of the [[ 20th century ]] on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in [[ europe ]] . the name means ' ' land of |
| 82273686 | 0 | ]] , ' ' југославија ' ' in [[ serbian language | serbian ]] and [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] [[ cyrillic ]] ) is a term used for the | eight | seven | separate political entities that existed during most of the [[ 20th century ]] on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in [[ europe ]] . the name means ' ' land of |
| 82327591 | 0 | ]] , ' ' југославија ' ' in [[ serbian language | serbian ]] and [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] [[ cyrillic ]] ) is a term used for the | seven | three | separate political entities that existed during most of the [[ 20th century ]] on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in [[ europe ]] . the name means ' ' land of |
| 91185843 | 0 | ' ( [[ serbian language | serbian ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] [[ cyrillic ]] ) : " land of the [[ south slavs ]] " ) describes | three | four | separate political entities that existed on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the 20th century . the ' ' ' kingdom of yugoslavia ' ' ' |
| 118460592 | 0 | latinic ]] , ' ' југославија ' ' in [[ cyrillic ]] ; [[ english language | english ]] : " land of the [[ south slavs ]] " ) describes | four | three | political entities that existed one at a time on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the [[ 20th century ]] . the ' ' ' kingdom |
| 191900872 | 0 | slavs ]] ' ' ) describes three political entities that existed successively on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the [[ 20th century ]] . the | six | seven | countries that were once part of yugoslavia are [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ croatia ]] , the [[ republic of macedonia ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ serbia |
| 192077462 | 0 | slavs ]] ' ' ) describes three political entities that existed successively on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the [[ 20th century ]] . the | seven | six | countries that were once part of yugoslavia are [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ kosovo ]] ( from sunday , february 17th , 2008 ) , |
| 192129818 | 0 | slavs ]] ' ' ) describes three political entities that existed successively on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the [[ 20th century ]] . the | six | seven | countries that were once part of yugoslavia are [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ croatia ]] , the [[ republic of macedonia ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ serbia |
| 192293636 | 0 | slavs ]] ' ' ) describes three political entities that existed successively on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the [[ 20th century ]] . the | seven | six | countries that were once part of yugoslavia are [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ |
| 192354294 | 0 | slavs ]] ' ' ) describes three political entities that existed successively on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the [[ 20th century ]] . the | six | seven | countries that were once part of yugoslavia are [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ |
| 192459256 | 0 | slavs ]] ' ' ) describes three political entities that existed successively on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the [[ 20th century ]] . the | seven | six | countries that were once part of yugoslavia are [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ kosovo ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] , [[ |
| 192475540 | 0 | slavs ]] ' ' ) describes three political entities that existed successively on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the [[ 20th century ]] . the | six | seven | countries that were once part of yugoslavia are [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ |
| 192579883 | 0 | slavs ]] ' ' ) describes three political entities that existed successively on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the [[ 20th century ]] . the | seven | six | countries that were once part of yugoslavia are [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ |
| 192596895 | 0 | slavs ]] ' ' ) describes three political entities that existed successively on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the [[ 20th century ]] . the | six | seven | countries that were once part of yugoslavia are [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ |
| 192632247 | 0 | slavs ]] ' ' ) describes three political entities that existed successively on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the [[ 20th century ]] . the | seven | six | countries that were once part of yugoslavia are [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ kosovo ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] , [[ |
| 193351040 | 0 | slavs ]] ' ' ) describes three political entities that existed successively on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the [[ 20th century ]] . the | six | seven | countries that were once part of yugoslavia are [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ |
| 193447637 | 0 | slavs ]] ' ' ) describes three political entities that existed successively on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the [[ 20th century ]] . the | seven | six | countries that were once part of yugoslavia are [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ kosovo ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] , [[ |
| 193587328 | 0 | slavs ]] ' ' ) describes three political entities that existed successively on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the [[ 20th century ]] . the | six | seven | countries that were once part of yugoslavia are [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ |
| 193894652 | 0 | slavs ]] ' ' ) describes three political entities that existed successively on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the [[ 20th century ]] . the | seven | six | countries that were once part of yugoslavia are [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ kosovo ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] , [[ |
| 193899901 | 0 | slavs ]] ' ' ) describes three political entities that existed successively on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the [[ 20th century ]] . the | six | seven | countries that were once part of yugoslavia are [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ |
| 197171154 | 0 | slavs ]] ' ' ) describes three political entities that existed successively on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the [[ 20th century ]] . the | seven | six | countries that were once part of yugoslavia are [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ kosovo ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] , [[ |
| 197211778 | 0 | slavs ]] ' ' ) describes three political entities that existed successively on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the [[ 20th century ]] . the | six | seven | countries that were once part of yugoslavia are [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ |
| 197289863 | 0 | slavs ]] ' ' ) describes three political entities that existed successively on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the [[ 20th century ]] . the | seven | nowadays | countries that were once part of yugoslavia are [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ kosovo ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] , [[ |
| 199227355 | 1 | croatia applied for membership in 2003 , and could join before 2010 . republic of macedonia applied in 2004 , and will probably join by 2010 – 2015 . the remaining | three | four | republics have yet to apply so their acceptance generally is not expected before 2015 . these states are signatories of various partnership agreements with the european union . since [[ january |
| 275241659 | 1 | www . europeanvoice . com / article / 2008 / 12 / montenegro - applies - for - eu - membership / 63428 . aspx < / ref > the remaining | four | three | republics have yet to apply so their acceptance generally is not expected before 2015 . these states are signatories of [[ enlargement of the european union | various partnership agreements ]] |
| 310373520 | 0 | this was the largest yugoslav state , as [[ istria ]] and [[ rijeka ]] were added to the new yugoslavia after the end of world war ii . the constituent | eight | six | socialist republics and socialist autonomous provinces that made up the country , were : [[ sr bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ sr croatia ]] , [[ sr macedonia ]] , |
| 468701811 | 0 | [[ slovene language | slovene ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' ; [[ serbian cyrillic | cyrillic ]] : југославија ) refers to | three | a series of | political entities that existed successively on the western part of the [[ balkans ]] during most of the 20th century . the first country to be known by this name was |
| 542271207 | 1 | march 1999 | accessdate = 29 december 2010 }} < / ref > ) . starting in 1991 , yugoslavia disintegrated in the [[ yugoslav wars ]] . one of the | five | seven | successor states was also known as the [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( fry ) , until 2003 . the fry aspired to be a sole [[ succession of states |
| left_string | del_string | ins_string | right_string | ||
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| 13049340 | 0 | the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution ]] of [[ federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ]] , modeling the [[ soviet union ]] , established six constituent republics | and two autonomous province | : * [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , * [[ croatia ]] , * [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] , * [[ montenegro ]] , * [[ serbia ]] | |
| 23005046 | 0 | the three nations , the referendum was declared valid , the opinion of the serbs was ignored , and the republic ' s government declared its independence . the serbs immediately | formed | declared the independence of | [[ republika srpska ]] , and the war in bosnia followed shortly thereafter . the so - called badinter commission formed by the [[ european community ]] declared in early 1992 |
| 25682758 | 6 | of yugoslavia | constitution ]] of [[ federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ]] , modeling the [[ soviet union ]] , established six constituent republics and two autonomous province | . the republics were | : * [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , * [[ croatia ]] , * [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] , * [[ montenegro ]] , * [[ serbia ]] | |
| 31628313 | 0 | federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ]] , modeling the [[ soviet union ]] , established six constituent republics and two autonomous provinces . the republics were : * [[ | bosnia and herzegovina | tiger ' s lair | ]] * [[ croatia ]] * [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] * [[ montenegro ]] * [[ serbia ]] * [[ slovenia ]] and within serbia ' s new |
| 33836329 | 1 | held a referendum on independence in early 1992 , which was illegal under bosnian constitution . large areas of the republic was at this time under the control of newly created | serb entity | [[ republika srpska | republika srpska of bosnia and herzegovina ]] supported by the yugoslav army . in these areas , the independence referendum was boycotted . heavy pro - independence | |
| 56779575 | 1 | would transform into a loose commonwealth called [[ serbia and montenegro ]] which finally happened on [[ february 4 ]] , [[ 2003 ]] . as of [[ may 22 ]] | , | [[ 2006 ]] montenegro has voted to separate from serbia and establish itself as an independent state . _ _ toc _ _ {{ splitsection | history of yugoslavia }} = | |
| 63331191 | 7 | ]] of [[ federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ]] , modeling the [[ soviet union ]] , established six constituent republics and two autonomous provinces . the republics were | ( in alphabetical order ) | : * [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] * [[ croatia ]] * [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] * [[ montenegro ]] * [[ serbia ]] * [[ slovenia ]] | |
| 192075557 | 31 | serbs , croats and slovenes which was proclaimed on [[ 1 december ]] 1918 in [[ belgrade ]] . the new kingdom was made up of the formerly independent kingdoms of | [[ kingdom of | serbia | serbia ]] and [[ kingdom of montenegro | montenegro ]] ( which had unified in the previous month ) , as well as a substantial amount of territory that | |
| 199794926 | 5 | - day countries created from the former parts of yugoslavia are : * [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] * [[ croatia ]] * [[ kosovo ]] ( pending full international recognition | ) | * [[ montenegro ]] * [[ republic of macedonia ]] * [[ serbia ]] * [[ slovenia ]] the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was | |
| 199795294 | 3 | present - day countries created from the former parts of yugoslavia are : * [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] * [[ croatia ]] * [[ kosovo ]] ( pending full international | recognition ) | no kosovo until full recgnition of the world and respect of | * [[ montenegro ]] * [[ republic of macedonia ]] * [[ serbia ]] * [[ slovenia ]] the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was |
| 199795480 | 2 | . svg | macedonia image : flag of montenegro . svg | montenegro image : flag of serbia . svg | serbia image : flag of slovenia . svg | slovenia | recognition ) | * [[ montenegro ]] * [[ republic of macedonia ]] * [[ serbia ]] * [[ slovenia ]] the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was | |
| 7 | * [[ croatia ]] no kosovo until full recgnition of the world and respect of international law . i ' m sorry , but i can make a " pending full | recognition " claim of quebec canada . not legal until full recognition . | * [[ montenegro ]] * [[ republic of macedonia ]] * [[ serbia ]] * [[ slovenia ]] the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was | ||
| 231803887 | 20 | autonomy | autonomous ]] provinces of [[ vojvodina ]] and [[ autonomous province of kosovo and metohija ( 1946 - 1974 ) | kosovo and metohija ]] , later simply [[ | socialist autonomous province of | sap | kosovo | kosovo ]] ) and [[ sr macedonia ]] . starting in 1991 , the sfry disintegrated in the [[ yugoslav wars ]] which followed the [[ secession ]] of |
| 257769716 | 6 | center > < gallery caption = " flags of the new states " perrow = 6 > image : flag of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | < center > [[ | sarajevo ]] | style = " width : 6em ; " | < center > [[ image : flag of | [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] < / center > image : flag of croatia . svg | < center > [[ croatia ]] < / center > image : flag of | |
| 259240376 | 3 | svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ image : coat of arms of montenegro . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | | - | | [[ serbia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ belgrade ]] | < center > [[ image : flag of serbia . | |
| 291412855 | 0 | svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of serbia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | | - | | [[ slovenia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ ljubljana ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of slovenia . | |
| 294275487 | 0 | svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of serbia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | | - | | [[ slovenia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ ljubljana ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of slovenia . | |
| 294280182 | 0 | svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of serbia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | | - | | [[ slovenia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ ljubljana ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of slovenia . | |
| 294603647 | 0 | svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of serbia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | | - | | [[ slovenia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ ljubljana ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of slovenia . | |
| 294877361 | 2 | svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of serbia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | | - | | [[ slovenia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ ljubljana ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of slovenia . | |
| 294982512 | 0 | svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of serbia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | | - | | [[ slovenia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ ljubljana ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of slovenia . | |
| 295242064 | 0 | svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of serbia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | | - | | [[ slovenia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ ljubljana ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of slovenia . | |
| 295242932 | 0 | | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of slovenia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | | ' ' | [[ kosovo ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ pristina ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of kosovo . svg | |
| 2 | arms of slovenia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | [[ kosovo ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | | ' ' | [[ pristina ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of kosovo . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : | ||
| 295387792 | 0 | flag ]] ' ' ' < / center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' [[ coat of arms ]] ' ' ' < / center > | - | | | [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] | style = " width : 7em ; font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ sarajevo ]] | style = " width : | |
| 295388268 | 0 | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : bosnia and herzegovina coats of arms modified . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | | - | | - | [[ croatia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ zagreb ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of croatia . svg |
| 8 | | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of croatia . svg | 40px ]] < center > | - | | | [[ macedonia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ skopje ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of macedonia . svg | ||
| 13 | ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of the republic of macedonia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | | | [[ montenegro ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ podgorica ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of montenegro . svg | ||
| 18 | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of montenegro . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | | | [[ serbia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ belgrade ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of serbia . svg | ||
| 23 | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of serbia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | | | [[ slovenia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ ljubljana ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of slovenia . svg | ||
| 295402396 | 0 | flag ]] ' ' ' < / center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' [[ coat of arms ]] ' ' ' < / center > | - | | | [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] style = " width : 7em ; font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ sarajevo ]] style = " width : 6em ; | |
| 300311752 | 1 | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of serbia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | | - | | [[ slovenia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ ljubljana ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of slovenia . | |
| 302398403 | 1 | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of croatia . svg | 40px ]] < center > | - | | ' ' | [[ kosovo ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ pristina ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of kosovo . svg | |
| 3 | of arms of croatia . svg | 40px ]] < center > | - | [[ kosovo ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | | ' ' | [[ pristina ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of kosovo . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : | ||
| 323188905 | 0 | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of croatia . svg | 40px ]] < center > | - | | ' ' | [[ kosovo ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ pristina ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of kosovo . svg | |
| 2 | of arms of croatia . svg | 40px ]] < center > | - | [[ kosovo ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | | ' ' | [[ pristina ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of kosovo . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : | ||
| 343725873 | 4 | svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of slovenia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | | - | | [[ kosovo ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ prishtina ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of kosovo . | |
| 375032646 | 3 | . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of croatia . svg | 40px ]] < center > | | - style = " background : # efefef ; " | | [[ kosovo ]] < ref name = " kosovo " / > | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ pristina ]] < ref | |
| 387034056 | 0 | svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of slovenia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | | - | | - | | [[ kosovo ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ pristina ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of kosovo . |
| 439457771 | 7 | / center > | - | ' ' [[ kosovo ]] ' ' {{ ref label | status | a | } } | style = " font - size : | 90 % ; " | | [[ pristina ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of kosovo . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | - | [[ macedonia ( country | |
| 11 | size : 90 % ; " | [[ podgorica ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of montenegro . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | | - | | [[ serbia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ belgrade ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of serbia . | ||
| 441313646 | 135 | = 1991 - 09 - 25 | work = n . a . t . o . | accessdate = 2006 - 07 - 21 }} < / ref > in | [[ | bosnia and herzegovina ]] in november 1991 , the bosnian serbs held a referendum which resulted in an overwhelming vote in favour of forming serbian republic in borders of bosnia and | |
| 466554200 | 12 | 90 % ; " | [[ podgorica ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of montenegro . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | - | | [[ serbia ]] : {{ smaller | | [[ kosovo ]] }} {{ ref label | status | a | } } | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ belgrade ]] | |
| 467907565 | 3 | " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | | | | [[ republic of bosnia and herzegovina ]] | style = " width : 7em ; font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ sarajevo ]] | style = " width : 6em ; " | < center > [[ file : flag of bosnia and herzegovina ( 1992 - 1998 ) . svg | 70px ]] < / center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of bosnia and herzegovina ( 1992 - 1998 ) . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | [[ croatia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ zagreb ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of croatia . svg |
| 14 | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of serbia and montenegro . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | | - | [[ republic of | | [[ slovenia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ ljubljana ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of slovenia . | ||
| 15 | ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of serbia and montenegro . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | | ]] | [[ slovenia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ ljubljana ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of slovenia . svg | ||
| 468741070 | 6 | , [[ sr macedonia ]] , [[ sr montenegro ]] , [[ sr slovenia ]] and [[ sr serbia ]] ( including the [[ autonomy | autonomous ]] provinces of [[ | sap | socialist autonomous province of | vojvodina | vojvodina ]] and [[ sap kosovo | kosovo ]] which after 1974 were largely equal to the other members of the federation < ref > {{ cite book | |
| 492376913 | 9 | | [[ republic of kosovo | kosovo ]] ( disputed ) < ref > {{ kosovo - note }} < / ref > | style = " font - size : | 90 % ; " | | [[ pristina ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of kosovo . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : | |
| 15 | svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of montenegro . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | | - | | [[ serbia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ belgrade ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of serbia . | ||
| 500174054 | 7 | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of slovenia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | } | {{ smaller | < nowiki > * < / nowiki > formerly [[ | serbia and montenegro ]] ( 1992 - 2006 ) }} = = = succession = = = as the [[ yugoslav wars ]] raged through croatia and bosnia , the republics | |
| 542264962 | 14 | ' [[ coat of arms ]] ' ' ' < / center > | - | [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] | style = " width : 7em ; font - | size : 90 % ; " | | [[ sarajevo ]] | style = " width : 6em ; " | < center > [[ file : flag of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | 70px ]] < | |
| 547327217 | 35 | [[ file : coat of arms of the socialist republic of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | style = " width : 4em ; | " | < center > [[ file | : sfry bosnia and herzegovina . png | 60px ]] < / center > | - | 2 | [[ socialist republic of croatia ]] | style = " font - | |
| 594372658 | 1 | center > | february 17 , 2008 | no official recognition due to [[ international recognition of kosovo | ongoing kosovar sovereignty dispute ]] | february 17 | - | [[ | republic of | macedonia ]] | [[ skopje ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of macedonia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > | |
| 622094154 | 6 | . svg | 40px ]] < center > | june 25 , 1991 | october 8 , 1991 {{ fact | date = august 2014 }} | june 25 | - | | [[ kosovo ]] | | [[ pristina ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of kosovo . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file | |
| 817772955 | 2 | = 1918 – 1992 | p1 = state of slovenes , croats and serbs | flag _ p1 = flag of the state of slovenes , croats and serbs . svg | | p2 = kingdom of serbia | flag _ p2 = state flag of serbia ( 1882 - 1918 ) . svg | | s1 = croatia | flag _ s1 = flag of croatia . svg | s2 = slovenia | flag _ s2 = flag of slovenia . svg | s3 = | |
| 819802470 | 3 | www . un . org / en / member - states / | title = member states | publisher = united nations }} < / ref > | - | [[ | federal republic of yugoslavia ]] < br > < small > later renamed | serbia ]] | [[ belgrade ]] | [[ file : flag of serbia . svg | 70px | border ]] | [[ file : coat of arms of serbia . svg | |
| 819813611 | 0 | 1918 ) . svg | p2 = state of slovenes , croats and serbs | flag _ p2 = flag of the state of slovenes , croats and serbs . svg | | p3 = kingdom of montenegro {{ ! }} montenegro | flag _ p3 = flag of the kingdom of montenegro . svg | | s1 = croatia | flag _ s1 = flag of croatia . svg | s2 = slovenia | flag _ s2 = flag of slovenia . svg | s3 = | |
| 820375067 | 0 | 1918 ) . svg | p2 = state of slovenes , croats and serbs | flag _ p2 = flag of the state of slovenes , croats and serbs . svg | | p3 = kingdom of montenegro {{ ! }} montenegro | flag _ p3 = flag of the kingdom of montenegro . svg | | s1 = croatia | flag _ s1 = flag of croatia . svg | s2 = slovenia | flag _ s2 = flag of slovenia . svg | s3 = | |
| 824490818 | 2 | federal republic of yugoslavia }} {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} | {{ infobox former country | conventional _ long _ name = yugoslavia | native _ name = ' ' jugoslavija ' ' < br / > југославија | common _ name = yugoslavia | continent = europe | region = southeastern europe | life _ span = 1918 – 1992 | p1 = kingdom of serbia {{ ! }} serbia | flag _ p1 = state flag of serbia ( 1882 - 1918 ) . svg | p2 = state of slovenes , croats and serbs | flag _ p2 = flag of the state of slovenes , croats and serbs . svg | s1 = croatia | flag _ s1 = flag of croatia . svg | s2 = slovenia | flag _ s2 = flag of slovenia . svg | s3 = republic of macedonia {{ ! }} macedonia | flag _ s3 = flag of the republic of macedonia 1991 - 1995 . svg | s4 = republic of bosnia and herzegovina {{ ! }} bosnia and herzegovina | flag _ s4 = flag of bosnia and herzegovina ( 1992 - 1998 ) . svg | [[ file : yugoslavia location map . svg | | s5 = serbia and montenegro {{ ! }} federal republic of yugoslavia | flag _ s5 = flag of fr yugoslavia . svg | image _ flag = flag of |
| 838732257 | 0 | title = member states | publisher = united nations }} < / ref > | - | [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] < br > < small > later renamed | to < br / > [[ | serbia and montenegro | [[ belgrade ]] | [[ file : flag of serbia and montenegro . svg | 70px | border ]] | [[ file : coat of arms of |
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| 13337531 | 1 | ]] [[ fi : jugoslavia ]] [[ sv : jugoslavien ]] [[ zh : & # 21335 ; & # 26031 ; & # 25289 ; & # 22827 ; ]] | = = the first yugoslavia = = ' ' main article : [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' [[ image : peter i karageorgevich . jpg | thumb | 200px | right | peter i karadjordjevi & # 263 ; , the first king of yugoslavia ]] the goals of the yugoslav committee were partly reached by the end of the [[ world war i | first world war ]] in [[ 1918 ]] , when austria - hungary disintegrated , and the south slavs organized into the [[ state of slovenes , croats and serbs ]] . this short - lived state soon , on [[ december 1 ]] , [[ 1918 ]] , joined [[ serbia ]] and [[ montenegro ]] to form " the [[ kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ]] " . on [[ june 28 ]] [[ 1921 ]] , & mdash ; a day of historical importance to serbs ( see [[ vidovdan ]] ) & mdash ; parliament ( ' ' skup & # 353 ; tina ' ' ) passed a new constitution despite a boycott from croatian mps . the constitution centralized political authority and strengthened the power of the royal government in belgrade . in 1928 , [[ punisa racic | puni & # 353 ; a ra & # 269 ; i & # 263 ; ]] , an ethnic serbian nationalist leader from montenegro , shot and killed croatian peasant party leader [[ stjepan radic | stjepan radi & # 263 ; ]] in the parliament chambers . king [[ alexander i of yugoslavia | alexander ]] used the shooting as a pretext to strengthen his power and on [[ january 6 ]] , [[ 1929 ]] he suspended the constitution , dissolved the ' ' skup & # 353 ; tina ' ' and proclaimed a royal dictatorship . he went on to reorganize the regional divisions within the country and renamed it the ' ' [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' . all national identities except " yugoslav " were abolished . yugoslavia became a highly [[ militarism | militarized ]] state , which spawned several insurgent nationalist groups opposed to the royal dictatorship . the king was highly unpopular , particularly among non - serbs , and while on a visit to [[ marseille ]] , [[ france ]] in [[ 1934 ]] , he was assassinated by [[ vmro | macedonian nationalists ]] . his son and successor , [[ peter ii of yugoslavia | peter ii ]] , was a child , so power fell into the hands of the ineffectual [[ prince paul of yugoslavia | prince paul ]] , who continued on an authoritarian path with the prime minister [[ milan stojadinovic | milan stojadinovi & # 263 ; ]] . in the beginning of [[ world war ii ]] , yugoslavia was pressured by [[ germany ]] and [[ italy ]] to join the [[ axis powers ]] . italy was mired in an inconclusive war with [[ history of greece | greece ]] , and before germany committed its forces to the greek campaign , it wanted to secure yugoslavia ' s support . prince paul submitted to the fascist pressure and signed the [[ tripartite treaty ]] in [[ vienna ]] on [[ march 25 ]] , [[ 1941 ]] , hoping to still keep yugoslavia out of the war . but this was at the expense of popular support for paul ' s regency . senior military officers were also opposed to the treaty and launched a [[ coup d ' état ]] when the king returned on [[ march 27 ]] . army general [[ dusan simovic | du & # 353 ; an simovi & # 263 ; ]] seized power , arrested the vienna delegation , exiled paul , and ended the regency , giving 17 year old king peter full powers . [[ adolf hitler | hitler ]] then decided to attack yugoslavia on [[ april 6 ]] , followed immediately by an invasion of [[ greece ]] where mussolini had previously been repelled . ( as a result , the launch of [[ operation barbarossa ]] was delayed by four weeks , which proved to be a costly decision . ) = = yugoslavia during the second world war = = at 05 : 15 on [[ april 6 ]] [[ 1941 ]] , [[ nazi germany | german ]] , [[ italy | italian ]] , [[ hungary | hungarian ]] , and [[ bulgaria ]] n forces attacked yugoslavia . the [[ luftwaffe ]] bombed [[ belgrade ]] and other major yugoslav cities . on [[ april 17 ]] , representatives of yugoslavia ' s various regions signed an armistice with germany at belgrade , ending eleven days of resistance against the invading german wehrmacht . more than three hundred thousand yugoslav officers and soldiers were taken prisoner . [[ image : jasenovac1 . jpg | thumb | in the [[ independent state of croatia ]] , serbs , jews and gypsies were marched to the [[ jasenovac concentration camp ]] ]] the [[ axis powers ]] occupied yugoslavia and split it up . the [[ independent state of croatia ]] was established as a nazi puppet - state , ruled by the far - right militia [[ ustashe | usta & # 353 ; e ]] . [[ nazi germany | german ]] troops occupied part of [[ serbia ]] and [[ slovenia ]] , while other parts of the country were occupied by [[ albania ]] , [[ bulgaria ]] , [[ hungary ]] and [[ italy ]] . yugoslavs opposing the [[ nazi ]] s organized resistance movements . those inclined towards supporting the old kingdom of yugoslavia joined the [[ chetniks ]] , a mostly serb - composed royalist guerilla led by colonel [[ draza mihailovic | dra & # 382 ; a mihajlovi & # 263 ; ]] . those inclined towards supporting the [[ communist party of yugoslavia | communist party ]] ( and against the king ) joined the [[ partisans ( yugoslavia ) | yugoslav national liberation army ]] , led by [[ josip broz tito ]] , a [[ croats | croatian ]] member of the [[ communist party of yugoslavia ]] . the nla initiated a [[ guerrilla ]] campaign which was developed into the largest resistance army in occupied western and central europe . the chetniks initially made notable incursions and were supported by the exiled royal government as well as the [[ allies ]] , but later strayed and lost that support , and also with the population . the german response to both of these resistance movements was to punish the civil population by carrying out reprisal killings and by giving a free hand to the quisling forces of the [[ independent state of croatia ]] . this led to great civilian loss of life , principally but not exclusively among the serbs of bosnia and croatia , whose populations provided a large portion of both rebel formations . the estimated [[ demography | demographic ]] loss was 1 , 700 , 000 inviduals or 10 % of the population of yugoslavia . during the war , the [[ communism | communist ]] - led [[ partisans ( yugoslavia ) | partisans ]] were ' ' de facto ' ' rulers on the liberated territories , and the nla organized [[ people ' s committee ]] s to act as civilian government . on [[ november 25 ]] , [[ 1942 ]] , the [[ avnoj | anti - fascist council of national liberation of yugoslavia ]] was convened in [[ bihac | biha & # 263 ; ]] . the council reconvened on [[ november 29 ]] , [[ 1943 ]] in [[ jajce ]] and established the basis for post - war organisation of the country , establishing a federation ( this date was celebrated as republic day after the war ) . the nla was able to expel the axis from serbia in [[ 1944 ]] and the rest of yugoslavia in [[ 1945 ]] . the [[ red army ]] aided in liberating [[ belgrade ]] as well as many other territories , but withdrew after the war was over . westerner attempts to reunite the partisans , who denied supremacy of the old government of the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , and the emigration loyal to the king , led to the [[ tito - subasic agreement | tito - & # 352 ; uba & # 353 ; i & # 263 ; agreement ]] in june [[ 1944 ]] , however tito was seen as a national hero by the citizens and so he gained the power in post - war independent [[ communism | communist ]] state , starting as a [[ prime minister ]] . = = the second yugoslavia = = ' ' main article : [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ' ' [[ image : prfli . jpg | thumb | 200px | [[ josip broz tito | marshal tito ]] led yugoslavia from the end of [[ world war ii ]] until his death in [[ 1980 ]] . ]] on [[ january 31 ]] , [[ 1946 ]] the new [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution ]] of [[ federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ]] , modeling the [[ soviet union ]] , established six constituent republics and two autonomous province : * [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , * [[ croatia ]] , * [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] , * [[ montenegro ]] , * [[ serbia ]] and * [[ slovenia ]] * [[ vojvodina ]] * [[ kosovo ]] . the country distanced itself from the soviets in [[ 1948 ]] ( cf . [[ cominform ]] and [[ informbiro ]] ) and started to build its own way to [[ socialism ]] under strong political leadership of [[ josip broz tito ]] . the country criticized both eastern and western block and together with other countries started the [[ non - aligned movement ]] in [[ 1961 ]] , which remained the official policy of the country until it dissolved . on [[ april 7 ]] , [[ 1963 ]] the nation changed its official name to [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] and [[ josip broz tito | tito ]] was named [[ president for life ]] . [[ image : balkans02 . jpg | thumb | right | former yugoslavia map ]] in sfry , each republic and province had its own constitution , supreme court , parliament , president and prime minister . at the top of the yugoslav government was a collective presidency , the federal prime minister , and the federal parliament . an important role was one of the president of the [[ communist party of yugoslavia ]] for each republic and province , and the president of presidency of central committee of the communist party . josip broz tito was the most powerful person in the country , and after him there were republic and province premiers and presidents , plus communist party presidents . people whom he did not favor varied greatly . slobodan penezi & # 263 ; kr & # 269 ; un served under tito and then after he started to complain about tito ' s politics , he was found dead under unknown circumstances . aleksandar rankovi & # 263 ; lost all of his titles and rights after a major disagreement with tito regarding state politics . sometimes ministers in government were more important than the premier , such as in the case of [[ edvard kardelj ]] or [[ stane dolanc ]] . the suppression of national identities escalated with the so - called [[ croatian spring ]] of 1970 - 71 , when students in zagreb organized demonstrations for greater civil liberties and greater croatian autonomy . the regime stifled the public protest and incarcerated the leaders , but many key croatian representatives in the party silently supported this cause , so a new [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution ]] was ratified in [[ 1974 ]] that gave more rights to the individual republics and provinces . according to this constitution , individual republics had a right for self - determination , up to secession , which made later break - up easier . = = = breakup = = = after tito ' s death in [[ 1980 ]] , ethnic tensions grew in yugoslavia . some members of the [[ serbian academy of sciences and arts ]] drafted a memorandum in the 1980s that opposed the policy of the federation and promoted serbian nationalism . the [[ albanians | ethnic albanian ]] miners in [[ kosovo ]] organized strikes which dovetailed into ethnic conflict between the albanian majority and the serbian minority in the province . serbian [[ communist ]] leader [[ slobodan milosevic | slobodan milo & # 353 ; evi & # 263 ; ]] , the new strong man of yugoslavia , tried to play on the revived serb nationalism , but ended up alienating all the other ethnic groups in the federation . autonomy of [[ vojvodina ]] and of [[ kosovo | kosovo and metohija ]] was reduced , though both entities retained a vote in the yugoslav presidency council . [[ image : smilo . jpg | frame | left | milo & # 353 ; evi & # 263 ; ]] in january [[ 1990 ]] , the extraordinary 14th congress of the [[ league of communists of yugoslavia ]] was convened . the serbian delegation , led by milo & # 353 ; evi & # 263 ; , insisted on the reversal of 1974 constitution policy that empowered the republics and rather wanted to introduce a policy of " one person , one vote " , which would empower the majority population , the serbs . this caused the slovenian and croatian delegations ( led by [[ milan kucan | milan ku & # 269 ; an ]] and [[ ivica racan | ivica ra & # 269 ; an ]] , respectively ) , who instead favored more economic liberalization ( such as [[ perestroika ]] ) , to leave the congress in protest . following the " [[ fall of communism ]] " in the rest of [[ eastern europe ]] , each of the republics elected a new government democratically , but the unresolved issues remained . in particular , slovenia and croatia elected governments oriented towards independence ( under [[ milan kucan | milan ku & # 269 ; an ]] and [[ franjo tudjman | franjo tu & # 273 ; man ]] , respectively ) , while serbia and montenegro elected candidates who favoured yugoslav unity . in march [[ 1990 ]] , the [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] ( jugoslovenska narodna armija , jna ) met with the presidency of yugoslavia ( an eight member council composed of representatives from six republics and two autonomous provinces ) in an attempt to get them to declare a [[ state of emergency ]] which would allow for the army to take control of the country . the representatives of serbia , montenegro , kosovo - metohija , and vojvodina voted for the decision , while croatia ( [[ stjepan mesic | stipe mesi & # 263 ; ]] ) , slovenia ( [[ janez drnovsek | janez drnov & # 353 ; ek ]] ) , macedonia ( [[ vasil tupurkovski ]] ) and bosnia ( [[ bogic bogicevic | bogi & # 263 ; bogi & # 263 ; evi & # 263 ; ]] ) voted against . the tie delayed an escalation of conflicts , but not for long . following the first multi - party election results , the republics of slovenia and croatia proposed transforming yugoslavia into a loose confederation of six republics in the autumn of 1990 , however [[ slobodan milosevic | milo & # 353 ; evi & # 263 ; ]] rejected all such proposals , arguing that all serbs should live in the same country . slovenia and croatia declared independence from yugoslavia in [[ 1991 ]] ; macedonia followed in [[ 1992 ]] . bosnia and herzegovina held a referendum on independence in the same year ; this vote was boycotted by the sizeable serb minority there , which advocated continued union with yugoslavia . heavy pro - independence sentiment among bosnians muslims and croats resulted in a yes vote in the referendum , and the republic ' s government declared its independence . secession of the newly - formed states marked the beginning of the bloody [[ yugoslav wars ]] . these began with a short war in slovenia and continued with a war in croatia in [[ 1991 ]] and in bosnia in [[ 1992 ]] . as a result of the conflict , the [[ united nations security council ]] unanimously adopted [[ un security council resolution 721 ]] on [[ november 27 ]] , 1991 , which paved the way to the establishment of [[ peacekeeping ]] operations in yugoslavia . [ http : / / www . nato . int / ifor / un / u911127a . htm ] = = federal republic of yugoslavia = = [[ image : yugoslaviamap . png | frame | the federal republic of yugoslavia consisted of serbia and montenegro . ]] the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia officially ceased to exist on [[ april 28 ]] , 1992 , when the [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( fry ) was formed . other dates that are frequently considered as the end of sfry are [[ june 25 ]] , 1991 , when slovenia declared independence , [[ october 9 ]] , 1991 , when the [[ moratorium ]] on slovenian and croatian secession , agreed on [[ july 9 ]] at brioni ( see detailed entry at [[ brioni agreement ]] ) by representatives of all republics , was ended and [[ january 15 ]] , 1992 , when slovenia and croatia were internationally recognized . the war in the western parts of former yugoslavia ended in [[ 1995 ]] with [[ united states | u . s . ]] - sponsored peace talks in [[ dayton , ohio ]] , with the so - called [[ dayton agreement ]] . starting in [[ 1996 ]] , the albanian organization [[ kosovo liberation army ]] started terrorist actions in the southern serbian province . the situation worsened , with the serbian reaction in form of police intervention and similar militia activity , to the point that there was widespread violence and emigration . following the [[ racak incident ]] and unsuccessful [[ rambouillet agreement ]] in the early months of [[ 1999 ]] , nato proceeded to bombard serbia and montenegro for more than two months , until the milo & # 353 ; evi & # 263 ; government submitted to their demands and withdrew its forces from kosovo . see [[ kosovo war ]] for more information . since june 1999 , the province has been governed by peace - keeping forces from nato and [[ russia ]] , although all parties continue to recognize it as a part of serbia . milo & # 353 ; evi & # 263 ; ' s rejection of claims of a first - round opposition victory in new elections for the federal presidency in september [[ 2000 ]] led to mass demonstrations in belgrade on october 5 and the collapse of the regime ' s authority . the opposition ' s candidate , reformed [[ nationalist ]] [[ vojislav kostunica | vojislav ko & # 353 ; tunica ]] took office as yugoslav president on [[ october 6 ]] . on [[ april 1 ]] , [[ 2001 ]] , milo & # 353 ; evi & # 263 ; was arrested on charges of abuse of power and corruption . on [[ june 28 ]] he was extradited to the [[ united nations ]] [[ international criminal tribunal for the former yugoslavia ]] . his trial on charges of [[ genocide ]] in bosnia and war crimes in croatia and in kosovo and metohija began at [[ the hague ]] on [[ february 12 ]] , [[ 2002 ]] . on [[ april 11 ]] , the yugoslav parliament passed a law allowing extradition of all persons charged with war crimes by the international criminal tribunal . in march 2002 , the governments of serbia and montenegro agreed to reform fry in favour of a new , much weaker form of cooperation called [[ serbia and montenegro ]] . by order of yugoslav federal parliament on [[ february 4 ]] , [[ 2003 ]] , yugoslavia ceased to exist . = = further reading = = * chan , adrian : ' ' free to choose : a teacher ' s resource and activity guide to revolution and reform in eastern europe ' ' . stanford , ca : spice , 1991 . ed 351 248 . * clark , ramsey : ' ' nato in the balkans : voices of opposition ' ' . international action center , 1998 . * cohen , lenard j . : ' ' broken bonds : the disintegration of yugoslavia ' ' . boulder , co : westview press , 1993 . * dragnich , alex n . : ' ' serbs and croats . the struggle in yugoslavia ' ' . new york : harcourt brace jovanovich , 1992 . * gutman , roy . : ' ' a witness to genocide . the 1993 pulitzer prize - winning dispatches on the " ethnic cleansing " of bosnia ' ' . new york : macmillan , 1993 . * harris , judy j . : ' ' yugoslavia today ' ' . southern social studies journal 16 ( fall 1990 ) : 78 - 101 . ej 430 520 . * jelavich , barbara : ' ' history of the balkans : eighteenth and nineteenth centuries ' ' , volume 1 . new york : american council of learned societies , 1983 . ed 236 093 . * jelavich , barbara : ' ' history of the balkans : twentieth century ' ' , volume 2 . new york : american council of learned societies , 1983 . ed 236 094 . * johnstone , diana : ' ' fools & # 8217 ; crusade : yugoslavia , nato , and western delusions ' ' . monthly review press , 2002 . * owen , david : ' ' balkan odyssey ' ' . harcourt ( harvest book ) , 1997 . * sacco , joe : ' ' safe area gorazde : the war in eastern bosnia 1992 - 1995 ' ' . fantagraphics books , january , 2002 . * [[ rebecca west | west , rebecca ]] : ' ' black lamb and gray falcon : a journey through yugoslavia ' ' . viking , 1941 . = = legacy = = the present - day countries created from the former parts of yugoslavia are : * [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] * [[ croatia ]] * [[ republic of macedonia ]] * [[ serbia and montenegro ]] * [[ slovenia ]] the first former yugoslav republic that joined the [[ european union ]] was slovenia which applied in [[ 1996 ]] and became a member in [[ 2004 ]] . croatia applied for membership in [[ 2003 ]] , and could join before [[ 2010 ]] . macedonia applied in 2004 , and will probably join by 2010 - [[ 2015 ]] . the remaining three republics have yet to apply so their acceptance generally isn ' t expected before 2015 . see also : [[ enlargement of the european union ]] = = miscellaneous = = [[ asteroid ]] [[ 1554 yugoslavia ]] was discovered by [[ milorad b . protitch ]] and named after yugoslavia . = = see also = = * [[ history of the balkans ]] * [[ history of europe ]] = = references = = * {{ loc }} - [ http : / / lcweb2 . loc . gov / frd / cs / yutoc . html yugoslavia ] = = external links = = * [ http : / / www . ericdigests . org / 1995 - 2 / bosnia . htm teaching about conflict and crisis in the former yugoslavia ] * [ http : / / www . vojska . net vojska . net - covering wars in former yugoslavia ] * [ http : / / www . ohr . int / ohr - info / maps / maps ] [[ category : yugoslavia | * ]] [[ category : former countries ]] [[ ar : & # 1610 ; & # 1608 ; & # 1594 ; & # 1608 ; & # 1587 ; & # 1604 ; & # 1575 ; & # 1601 ; & # 1610 ; & # 1575 ; ]] [[ da : jugoslavien ]] [[ de : jugoslawien ]] [[ et : jugoslaavia ]] [[ fr : yougoslavie ]] [[ ko : & # 50976 ; & # 44256 ; & # 49836 ; & # 46972 ; & # 48708 ; & # 50500 ; ]] [[ hr : jugoslavija ]] [[ io : yugoslavia ]] [[ it : jugoslavia ]] [[ he : & # 1497 ; & # 1493 ; & # 1490 ; & # 1493 ; & # 1505 ; & # 1500 ; & # 1489 ; & # 1497 ; & # 1492 ; ]] [[ lv : dienvidsl & # 257 ; vija ]] [[ mk : & # 1032 ; & # 1091 ; & # 1075 ; & # 1086 ; & # 1089 ; & # 1083 ; & # 1072 ; & # 1074 ; & # 1080 ; & # 1112 ; & # 1072 ; ]] [[ nl : joegoslavië ]] [[ ja : & # 12518 ; & # 12540 ; & # 12468 ; & # 12473 ; & # 12521 ; & # 12499 ; & # 12450 ; ]] [[ pl : jugos & # 322 ; awia ]] [[ ru : & # 1070 ; & # 1075 ; & # 1086 ; & # 1089 ; & # 1083 ; & # 1072 ; & # 1074 ; & # 1080 ; & # 1103 ; ]] [[ sk : juhoslávia ]] [[ sl : jugoslavija ]] [[ sr : & # 1032 ; & # 1091 ; & # 1075 ; & # 1086 ; & # 1089 ; & # 1083 ; & # 1072 ; & # 1074 ; & # 1080 ; & # 1112 ; & # 1072 ; ]] [[ fi : jugoslavia ]] [[ sv : jugoslavien ]] [[ zh : & # 21335 ; & # 26031 ; & # 25289 ; & # 22827 ; ]] | ||
| 13672323 | 8 | ]] [[ fi : jugoslavia ]] [[ sv : jugoslavien ]] [[ zh : & # 21335 ; & # 26031 ; & # 25289 ; & # 22827 ; ]] | = = the first yugoslavia = = ' ' main article : [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' [[ image : peter i karageorgevich . jpg | thumb | 200px | right | peter i karadjordjevi & # 263 ; , the first king of yugoslavia ]] the goals of the yugoslav committee were partly reached by the end of the [[ world war i | first world war ]] in [[ 1918 ]] , when austria - hungary disintegrated , and the south slavs organized into the [[ state of slovenes , croats and serbs ]] . this short - lived state soon , on [[ december 1 ]] , [[ 1918 ]] , joined [[ serbia ]] and [[ montenegro ]] to form " the [[ kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ]] " . on [[ june 28 ]] [[ 1921 ]] , & mdash ; a day of historical importance to serbs ( see [[ vidovdan ]] ) & mdash ; parliament ( ' ' skup & # 353 ; tina ' ' ) passed a new constitution despite a boycott from croatian mps . the constitution centralized political authority and strengthened the power of the royal government in belgrade . in 1928 , [[ punisa racic | puni & # 353 ; a ra & # 269 ; i & # 263 ; ]] , an ethnic serbian nationalist leader from montenegro , shot and killed croatian peasant party leader [[ stjepan radic | stjepan radi & # 263 ; ]] in the parliament chambers . king [[ alexander i of yugoslavia | alexander ]] used the shooting as a pretext to strengthen his power and on [[ january 6 ]] , [[ 1929 ]] he suspended the constitution , dissolved the ' ' skup & # 353 ; tina ' ' and proclaimed a royal dictatorship . he went on to reorganize the regional divisions within the country and renamed it the ' ' [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' . all national identities except " yugoslav " were abolished . yugoslavia became a highly [[ militarism | militarized ]] state , which spawned several insurgent nationalist groups opposed to the royal dictatorship . the king was highly unpopular , particularly among non - serbs , and while on a visit to [[ marseille ]] , [[ france ]] in [[ 1934 ]] , he was assassinated by yje ethnic [[ bulgarian ]] vlado chernozemski acting on behalf of [[ vmro ]] . kimg alexander ' s son and successor , [[ peter ii of yugoslavia | peter ii ]] , was a child , so power fell into the hands of the ineffectual [[ prince paul of yugoslavia | prince paul ]] , who continued on an authoritarian path with the prime minister [[ milan stojadinovic | milan stojadinovi & # 263 ; ]] . in the beginning of [[ world war ii ]] , yugoslavia was pressured by [[ germany ]] and [[ italy ]] to join the [[ axis powers ]] . italy was mired in an inconclusive war with [[ history of greece | greece ]] , and before germany committed its forces to the greek campaign , it wanted to secure yugoslavia ' s support . prince paul submitted to the fascist pressure and signed the [[ tripartite treaty ]] in [[ vienna ]] on [[ march 25 ]] , [[ 1941 ]] , hoping to still keep yugoslavia out of the war . but this was at the expense of popular support for paul ' s regency . senior military officers were also opposed to the treaty and launched a [[ coup d ' état ]] when the king returned on [[ march 27 ]] . army general [[ dusan simovic | du & # 353 ; an simovi & # 263 ; ]] seized power , arrested the vienna delegation , exiled paul , and ended the regency , giving 17 year old king peter full powers . [[ adolf hitler | hitler ]] then decided to attack yugoslavia on [[ april 6 ]] , followed immediately by an invasion of [[ greece ]] where mussolini had previously been repelled . ( as a result , the launch of [[ operation barbarossa ]] was delayed by four weeks , which proved to be a costly decision . ) = = yugoslavia during the second world war = = at 05 : 15 on [[ april 6 ]] [[ 1941 ]] , [[ nazi germany | german ]] , [[ italy | italian ]] , [[ hungary | hungarian ]] , and [[ bulgaria ]] n forces attacked yugoslavia . the [[ luftwaffe ]] bombed [[ belgrade ]] and other major yugoslav cities . on [[ april 17 ]] , representatives of yugoslavia ' s various regions signed an armistice with germany at belgrade , ending eleven days of resistance against the invading german wehrmacht . more than three hundred thousand yugoslav officers and soldiers were taken prisoner . [[ image : jasenovac1 . jpg | thumb | in the [[ independent state of croatia ]] , serbs , jews and gypsies were marched to the [[ jasenovac concentration camp ]] ]] the [[ axis powers ]] occupied yugoslavia and split it up . the [[ independent state of croatia ]] was established as a nazi puppet - state , ruled by the far - right militia [[ ustashe | usta & # 353 ; e ]] . [[ nazi germany | german ]] troops occupied part of [[ serbia ]] and [[ slovenia ]] , while other parts of the country were occupied by [[ albania ]] , [[ bulgaria ]] , [[ hungary ]] and [[ italy ]] . yugoslavs opposing the [[ nazi ]] s organized resistance movements . those inclined towards supporting the old kingdom of yugoslavia joined the [[ chetniks ]] , a mostly serb - composed royalist guerilla led by colonel [[ draza mihailovic | dra & # 382 ; a mihajlovi & # 263 ; ]] . those inclined towards supporting the [[ communist party of yugoslavia | communist party ]] ( and against the king ) joined the [[ partisans ( yugoslavia ) | yugoslav national liberation army ]] , led by [[ josip broz tito ]] , a [[ croats | croatian ]] member of the [[ communist party of yugoslavia ]] . the nla initiated a [[ guerrilla ]] campaign which was developed into the largest resistance army in occupied western and central europe . the chetniks initially made notable incursions and were supported by the exiled royal government as well as the [[ allies ]] , but later strayed and lost that support , and also with the population . the german response to both of these resistance movements was to punish the civil population by carrying out reprisal killings and by giving a free hand to the quisling forces of the [[ independent state of croatia ]] . this led to great civilian loss of life , principally but not exclusively among the serbs of bosnia and croatia , whose populations provided a large portion of both rebel formations . the estimated [[ demography | demographic ]] loss was 1 , 700 , 000 inviduals or 10 % of the population of yugoslavia . | during the war , the [[ communism | communist ]] - led [[ partisans ( yugoslavia ) | partisans ]] were ' ' de facto ' ' rulers on the liberated | |
| 22785116 | 5 | ]] , [[ hinko hinkovi & # 263 ; ]] and [[ franko poto & # 269 ; njak ]] from croatia and [[ nikola stojanovi & # 263 ; ]] | and [[ du & # 353 ; an vasiljevi & # 263 ; | and [[ dušan vasiljević | ]] from bosnia and herzegovina first met with [[ pavle popovi & # 263 ; ]] , a representative of [[ nikola pa & # 353 ; i & # 263 |
| 87124473 | 0 | br > {{ legend | # fe0000 | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia , federal republic of yugoslavia , serbia and montenegro , serbia }} {{ legend | # ffff00 | | [[ | slovenia }} {{ legend | # 0000fe | croatia }} {{ legend | # 800080 | republic of macedonia }} {{ legend | # 008000 | bosnia and herzegovina }} {{ | |
| 2 | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia , federal republic of yugoslavia , serbia and montenegro , serbia }} {{ legend | # ffff00 | slovenia }} {{ legend | # 0000fe | | [[ | croatia }} {{ legend | # 800080 | republic of macedonia }} {{ legend | # 008000 | bosnia and herzegovina }} {{ legend | # 8080ff | federation of bosnia | ||
| 6 | legend | # ffff00 | slovenia }} {{ legend | # 0000fe | croatia }} {{ legend | # 800080 | republic of macedonia }} {{ legend | # 008000 | | [[ | bosnia and herzegovina }} {{ legend | # 8080ff | federation of bosnia and herzegovina }} {{ legend | # ff80ff | republika srpska }} {{ legend | # 00fe00 | | ||
| 87967302 | 0 | }} {{ legend | # 800080 | republic of [[ macedonia ]] }} {{ legend | # 008000 | [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] }} {{ legend | # 8080ff | | [[ | federation of bosnia and herzegovina }} {{ legend | # ff80ff | republika srpska }} {{ legend | # 00fe00 | brčko district }} {{ legend | # c00000 | kosovo | |
| 2 | }} {{ legend | # 008000 | [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] }} {{ legend | # 8080ff | federation of bosnia and herzegovina }} {{ legend | # ff80ff | | [[ | republika srpska }} {{ legend | # 00fe00 | brčko district }} {{ legend | # c00000 | kosovo }} {{ legend | # d3ae3b | montenegro }} ]] after tito | ||
| 4 | and herzegovina ]] }} {{ legend | # 8080ff | federation of bosnia and herzegovina }} {{ legend | # ff80ff | republika srpska }} {{ legend | # 00fe00 | | [[ | brčko district }} {{ legend | # c00000 | kosovo }} {{ legend | # d3ae3b | montenegro }} ]] after tito ' s death on [[ may 4 ]] [[ | ||
| 87967436 | 0 | herzegovina ]] }} {{ legend | # ff80ff | [[ republika srpska ]] }} {{ legend | # 00fe00 | [[ brčko district ]] }} {{ legend | # c00000 | | [[ | kosovo }} {{ legend | # d3ae3b | montenegro }} ]] after tito ' s death on [[ may 4 ]] [[ 1980 ]] , [[ ethnic group | ethnic ]] | |
| 2 | | [[ republika srpska ]] }} {{ legend | # 00fe00 | [[ brčko district ]] }} {{ legend | # c00000 | kosovo }} {{ legend | # d3ae3b | | [[ | montenegro }} ]] after tito ' s death on [[ may 4 ]] [[ 1980 ]] , [[ ethnic group | ethnic ]] [[ tension ]] s grew in yugoslavia , | ||
| 89053587 | 0 | and montenegro , serbia }} {{ legend | # ffff00 | [[ slovenia ]] }} {{ legend | # 0000fe | [[ croatia ]] }} {{ legend | # 800080 | | [[ | republic of [[ macedonia ]] }} {{ legend | # 008000 | [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] }} {{ legend | # 8080ff | [[ federation of bosnia and herzegovina ]] |
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| 441313646 | 2 | 1998 / kosovo / 110492 . stm | title = history , bloody history | publisher = [[ bbc news ]] | date = march 24 , 1999 | accessdate = | 29 | december 29 , 2010 }} < / ref > ) . starting in 1991 , the sfry disintegrated in the [[ yugoslav wars ]] which followed the [[ secession ]] of | |
| 29 | / u911127a . htm | title = resolution 721 | date = 1991 - 09 - 25 | work = n . a . t . o . | accessdate = | 21 july | 2006 - 07 - 21 }} < / ref > in [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] in november 1991 , the bosnian serbs held a referendum which resulted in an overwhelming | ||
| 40 | u . n . backs serbia in judicial move on kosovo & # 124 ; international | publisher = reuters | date = 2008 - 10 - 08 | accessdate = | 20 july | 2009 - 07 - 20 }} < / ref > on 22 july 2010 , the court ruled that kosovo ' s independence was not illegal . < ref > {{ | ||
| 42 | - europe - 10730573 | title = kosovo independence not illegal , says un court | date = 2010 - 07 - 22 | publisher = bbc news | accessdate = | 23 july | 2010 - 07 - 23 }} < / ref > = = = remaining cultural and ethnic ties = = = {{ main | yugosphere }} the similarity of the languages | ||
| 55 | / kosovo / 110492 . stm | title = history , bloody history | publisher = [[ bbc news ]] | date = march 24 , 1999 | accessdate = december | 29 , | 2010 }} < / ref > ) . starting in 1991 , the sfry disintegrated in the [[ yugoslav wars ]] which followed the [[ secession ]] of most of the | ||
| 134 | u911127a . htm | title = resolution 721 | date = 1991 - 09 - 25 | work = n . a . t . o . | accessdate = 2006 | - 07 - 21 | }} < / ref > in [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] in november 1991 , the bosnian serbs held a referendum which resulted in an overwhelming vote in favour of forming | ||
| 152 | . n . backs serbia in judicial move on kosovo & # 124 ; international | publisher = reuters | date = 2008 - 10 - 08 | accessdate = 2009 | - 07 - 20 | }} < / ref > on 22 july 2010 , the court ruled that kosovo ' s independence was not illegal . < ref > {{ cite web | url = | ||
| 154 | europe - 10730573 | title = kosovo independence not illegal , says un court | date = 2010 - 07 - 22 | publisher = bbc news | accessdate = 2010 | - 07 - 23 | }} < / ref > = = = remaining cultural and ethnic ties = = = {{ main | yugosphere }} the similarity of the languages and the long history of | ||
| 468701811 | 36 | / world - europe - 10730573 | title = kosovo independence not illegal , says un court | date = 22 july 2010 | publisher = bbc news | accessdate = | 23 july 2010 | 2011 - 11 - 11 | }} < / ref > = = = remaining cultural and ethnic ties = = = {{ main | yugosphere }} the similarity of the languages and the long history of |
| 478217075 | 4 | [[ the economist ]] | date = 2009 - 08 - 20 | url = http : / / www . economist . com / node / 14258861 | accessdate = | 11 november | 2011 - 11 - 11 }} < / ref > < ref > {{ cite web | title = the ' yugo - sphere ' | url = http : / | |
| 6 | aspx ? blogentryref = 7915 | publisher = the university of edinburgh school of law | author = ljubica spaskovska | date = 2009 - 09 - 28 | accessdate = | 11 november | 2011 - 11 - 11 }} < / ref > the similarity of the languages and the long history of common life have left many ties among the peoples of the | ||
| 25 | the economist ]] | date = 2009 - 08 - 20 | url = http : / / www . economist . com / node / 14258861 | accessdate = 2011 | - 11 - 11 | }} < / ref > < ref > {{ cite web | title = the ' yugo - sphere ' | url = http : / / www . law . | ||
| 27 | ? blogentryref = 7915 | publisher = the university of edinburgh school of law | author = ljubica spaskovska | date = 2009 - 09 - 28 | accessdate = 2011 | - 11 - 11 | }} < / ref > the similarity of the languages and the long history of common life have left many ties among the peoples of the new states , even though | ||
| 517568094 | 1 | . ar / english / yugoslav - agreement - on - succession - issues - 2001 / | title = yugoslav agreement on succession issues ( 2001 ) | accessdate = | 14 june | 2012 - 06 - 14 }} < / ref > < ref > http : / / www . jstor . org / discover / 10 . 2307 / 20694208 ? | |
| 2 | ar / english / yugoslav - agreement - on - succession - issues - 2001 / | title = yugoslav agreement on succession issues ( 2001 ) | accessdate = 2012 | - 06 - 14 | }} < / ref > < ref > http : / / www . jstor . org / discover / 10 . 2307 / 20694208 ? uid = 3738200 & uid |
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| 823595 | 2 | ' yugoslavia ' ' ' has been a country in southeastern [[ europe ]] , formed in [[ 1918 ]] as the [[ kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ]] | and | , | renamed kingdom of yugoslavia in [[ 1929 ]] . after [[ world war ii ]] it became a [[ communism | communist ]] country , ( petar ii [[ karadjordjevic ]] | ||
| 1288560 | 0 | kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , which existed from [[ 1918 ]] to [[ 1941 ]] , under names : * * ' ' ' kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes | ' ' ' | ]] | , from 1918 to [[ 1929 ]] , * * ' ' ' kingdom of yugoslavia ' ' ' from 1929 to 1941 . * [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | ||
| 1296386 | 1 | because there were large ethnic minorities within the various countries ( serbian regions in croatia and bosnia , [[ croatia | croatian ]] in bosnia , [[ albanians | albanians ]] | s | in serbia and [[ f . y . r . o . m . ]] , [[ hungary | hungarian ]] in serbia ) , this was used as the cause | |||
| 1298298 | 4 | jugos % b3awia ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' is term casually used for any of following political entities : * [[ kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes | ]] | ' ' ' | , from [[ 1918 ]] to [[ 1929 ]] , * [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] from 1929 to [[ 1941 ]] * [[ democratic federal yugoslavia ]] , from [[ | ||
| 2808593 | 1 | ' means south ) . the first was a [[ monarchy | kingdom ]] formed in [[ 1918 ]] as the ' ' ' kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes | ]] | ' ' ' , which was re - named the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' in [[ 1929 ]] and existed under that name until | |||
| 10034644 | 3 | 1992 ]] together with bosnia and herzegovina , albeit only two out of the three constitutive peoples of bh did so , the [[ bosniaks | bosnian muslims ]] and croats | resulted in a yes vote in the referendum , and the republic ' s government declared its independence | . secession of the newly - formed states marked the beginning of the bloody [[ yugoslav wars ]] . these began with a short war in slovenia and continued with a | |||
| 4 | followed in [[ 1992 ]] together with bosnia and herzegovina , albeit only two out of the three constitutive peoples of bh did so , the [[ bosniaks | bosnian muslims | ]] | and croats . secession of the newly - formed states marked the beginning of the bloody [[ yugoslav wars ]] . these began with a short war in slovenia and continued | ||||
| 11392211 | 0 | than three hundred thousand yugoslav officers and soldiers were taken prisoner . [[ image : jasenovac1 . jpg | thumb | in the [[ independent state of croatia ]] , serbs | , jews | and gypsies were marched to the [[ jasenovac concentration camp ]] ]] the [[ axis powers ]] occupied yugoslavia and split it up . the [[ independent state of croatia ]] | |||
| 22951478 | 0 | / un / u911127a . htm ] bosnia and herzegovina held a referendum on independence in early [[ 1992 ]] ; this vote was boycotted by the sizeable serb minority there | ( 35 % of bosnian population ) | , which advocated continued union with yugoslavia . heavy pro - independence sentiment among bosnians muslims and croats resulted in a yes vote in the referendum , and the republic ' | |||
| 23641751 | 2 | and split it up . the [[ independent state of croatia ]] was established as a nazi puppet - state , ruled by the far - right militia [[ ustaše ]] | which actually came into existence in [[ 1929 ]] , but was relatively limited in its activities until [[ 1941 ]] | . [[ nazi germany | german ]] troops occupied bosnia - herzegovina as well as part of [[ serbia ]] and [[ slovenia ]] , while other parts of the country | |||
| 5 | split it up . the [[ independent state of croatia ]] was established as a nazi puppet - state , ruled by the far - right militia [[ ustaše ]] . | [[ nazi germany | | german ]] troops occupied bosnia - herzegovina as well as part of [[ serbia ]] and [[ slovenia ]] , while other parts of the country were occupied by [[ albania | ||||
| 30670821 | 2 | - serbs , and while on a visit to [[ marseille ]] , [[ france ]] in [[ 1934 ]] , he was assassinated by [[ vmro | macedonian nationalists ]] | velichko kerin ( more popular with his revolutionary pseudonym vlado chernozemski ) | . his son and successor , [[ peter ii of yugoslavia | peter ii ]] ( petar ii ) , was a child , so power fell into the hands of | |||
| 35562548 | 3 | . * the first was a [[ monarchy | kingdom ]] formed in [[ december 1 ]] , 1918 as the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of serbs , croats and | slovenes ]] ' ' ' , which was re - named the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' in [[ january 6 ]] , 1929 and existed under that name until | it was invaded in [[ april 6 ]] , 1941 by the [[ axis powers ]] . capitulated only 11 days after , it ceased to exist [[ april 17 ]] | |||
| 39341750 | 3 | declared its independence on [[ 5 april ]] , and since that decision was made without the consent of all tree nations living in bosnia ( the votes of serbs were | igored | ignored | , though such decision should be supported by all bosinan nations ) , the serbs immediately declared the independence of republika srpska to protect they rights . the [[ bosnian war | ||
| 43367294 | 2 | in the province . at 90 % of the population of kosovo in the 1980 ' s , ethnic - albanians were the majority . the principle slavs , mainly serbs | , were | ) was falling | fast reducing in size and would by 1999 be as little as 10 % of the two million population . serbian [[ communist ]] leader [[ slobodan milošević ]] , the | ||
| 49267272 | 28 | yugoslavia into a loose confederation of six republics in the autumn of 1990 , however [[ slobodan milošević | milošević ]] rejected all such proposals , arguing that all serbs should | also have a right to self - determination . | live in the same country . on [[ march 9 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] demonstrations were held against slobodan milošević in [[ belgrade ]] , but the police and the | |||
| 49801930 | 0 | they even entered into coalition with other republics , thus outvoting serbia . serbia ' s political impotence made it possible for others to exert pressure on 2 milion serbs ( | 25 | 20 | % of total serbian population ) living outside serbia . serbian [[ communist ]] leader [[ slobodan milošević ]] sought to restore pre - 1974 serbian sovereignty , which republics of | ||
| 51123816 | 20 | world war i | first world war ]] in 1918 , when austria - hungary disintegrated , and the south slavs organized into the [[ state of slovenes , croats and | slovenians in december of 1918 . of the country ' s 12 million people , 4 . 6 million or 38 . 8 per cent were | serbs ]] . this short - lived state soon , on [[ december 1 ]] , 1918 , joined [[ serbia ]] and [[ montenegro ]] to form " the [[ | |||
| 41 | - lived state soon , on [[ december 1 ]] , 1918 , joined [[ serbia ]] and [[ montenegro ]] to form " the [[ kingdom of serbs , croats | and slovenes ]] " | . in the chaotic conditions that followed the break - up of austria - hungary , the formation of the new state as soon as possible was a priority . disagreements | ||||
| 56071916 | 0 | . the [[ independent state of croatia ]] was established as a nazi puppet - state , ruled by the catholic fascist militia known as the [[ ustaše ]] which actually | was a big peice of poop that | came into existence in 1929 , but was relatively limited in its activities until 1941 . german troops occupied bosnia and herzegovina as well as part of [[ serbia ]] and | |||
| 56234187 | 0 | it up . the [[ independent state of croatia ]] was established as a nazi puppet - state , ruled by the catholic fascist militia known as the [[ ustaše ]] | which actually was a big peice of poop | that came into existence in 1929 , but was relatively limited in its activities until 1941 . german troops occupied bosnia and herzegovina as well as part of [[ serbia ]] | |||
| 59585628 | 1 | 1918 ]] . on [[ 29 october ]] , the croatian sabor or parliament declared independence and vested its sovereignty in the new state of the slovenes , croats and serbs | ]] | . the yugoslav committee was given the task of representing the new state abroad . however quarrels broke out immediately about the terms of the proposed union with serbia . svetozar | |||
| 59612233 | 9 | ( ' ' jug ' ' in the word ' ' jugoslavija ' ' means south ) . # the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes | ]] | ' ' ' was a [[ monarchy | kingdom ]] formed in [[ december 1 ]] , [[ 1918 ]] , which was re - named the ' ' ' [[ | |||
| 63135388 | 3 | monarchy | kingdom ]] formed in [[ december 1 ]] , [[ 1918 ]] , which was originally formed as the ' ' ' kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes | ' | ' ' . it was re - named on [[ january 6 ]] , [[ 1929 ]] by king [[ alexander i of yugoslavia | alexander i ]] . it was | |||
| 63138218 | 0 | slav lands with serbia ( which was independent at the time ) , its more immediate concern was to head off italian claims in [[ istria ]] and [[ dalmatia ]] | . this | , which | was a very real concern . in 1915 , the allies had lured the italians into the war with promise of substantial territorial gains in exchange . according to the secret | ||
| 7 | relatively small numbers of italians lived compared to the surrounding slavs . although in 1915 the serbian assembly had pledged itself to work for the liberation of all serbs , croats | ]] | and slovenes , non - serb members of the yugoslav committee became alarmed when the allies offered serbia lands that had not been reserved for italians . these included bosnia , | ||||
| 8 | small numbers of italians lived compared to the surrounding slavs . although in 1915 the serbian assembly had pledged itself to work for the liberation of all serbs , croats and | [[ | slovenes , non - serb members of the yugoslav committee became alarmed when the allies offered serbia lands that had not been reserved for italians . these included bosnia , herzegovina | ||||
| 9 | numbers of italians lived compared to the surrounding slavs . although in 1915 the serbian assembly had pledged itself to work for the liberation of all serbs , croats and slovenes | ]] | , non - serb members of the yugoslav committee became alarmed when the allies offered serbia lands that had not been reserved for italians . these included bosnia , herzegovina , | ||||
| 63327901 | 8 | of world war i and the downfall of austria - hungary and the ottoman empire , the conditions were met for proclaiming the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenians in | [[ | december 1918 . of the country ' s 12 million people , 4 . 6 million ( 38 . 8 percent ) were serbs and 2 . 8 million ( 23 | |||
| 25 | become a massive party endorsing croatian national interests and seeking confederation . the elections for the constituent assembly in november 1920 brought victory for the two main serbian parties . communists | ]] | came third and croatian peasant party fourth . the newly formed government was determined to push through a centralist constitution . in response , the croatian peasant party prepared a draft | ||||
| 35 | succeeded by prince aleksandar ii karađorđević . croats , as well as albanians , who were angry at the serb return to kosovo , harboured grievances against the serbs . slovenes | were able to extract gains from the central serbo - croat dispute . half a million of them lived under italian rule and the slovenes understood that it was only as a part of yugoslavia that they would be able to free these people in istria . this came about in 1945 . however , the yugoslav slovenes | ]] | benefited from the new state receiving all they had previously lacked , in addition to access to high schools and universities . unlike the croats , the slovenes in the austro | |||
| 63330276 | 11 | than three hundred thousand yugoslav officers and soldiers were taken prisoners . [[ image : jasenovac1 . jpg | thumb | in the [[ independent state of croatia ]] , serbs | ]] | , jews and gypsies were marched to the [[ jasenovac concentration camp ]] ]] [[ image : radovna _ spomenik . jpg | thumb | a memorial erected to the memory | |||
| 12 | three hundred thousand yugoslav officers and soldiers were taken prisoners . [[ image : jasenovac1 . jpg | thumb | in the [[ independent state of croatia ]] , serbs , | [[ | jews and gypsies were marched to the [[ jasenovac concentration camp ]] ]] [[ image : radovna _ spomenik . jpg | thumb | a memorial erected to the memory of | ||||
| 13 | hundred thousand yugoslav officers and soldiers were taken prisoners . [[ image : jasenovac1 . jpg | thumb | in the [[ independent state of croatia ]] , serbs , jews | ]] | and gypsies were marched to the [[ jasenovac concentration camp ]] ]] [[ image : radovna _ spomenik . jpg | thumb | a memorial erected to the memory of villagers | ||||
| 14 | thousand yugoslav officers and soldiers were taken prisoners . [[ image : jasenovac1 . jpg | thumb | in the [[ independent state of croatia ]] , serbs , jews and | [[ roma | | gypsies were marched to the [[ jasenovac concentration camp ]] ]] [[ image : radovna _ spomenik . jpg | thumb | a memorial erected to the memory of villagers of | ||||
| 22 | and [[ italy ]] . yugoslavs opposing the [[ nazism | nazis ]] organized resistance movements . those inclined towards supporting the old kingdom of yugoslavia joined the [[ chetniks ]] | ( ' ' četnici ' ' ) | , a mostly serb - composed nationalistic royalist guerilla army led by colonel [[ draža mihajlović ]] . those inclined towards supporting the [[ communist party of yugoslavia | communist party | ||||
| 53 | image : jasenovac1 . jpg | thumb | in the [[ independent state of croatia ]] , serbs , jews and gypsies were marched to the [[ jasenovac concentration camp ]] | ]] [[ image : radovna _ spomenik . jpg | thumb | a memorial erected to the memory of villagers of [[ radovna ]] ( [[ slovenia ]] ) , who were burned alive by the germans | ]] the [[ axis powers ]] occupied yugoslavia and split it up . the [[ independent state of croatia ]] was established as a nazi puppet - state , ruled by | ||||
| 55 | croatia , and members of [[ aryan | non - aryan ]] ( according to the german racist theory : [[ jew ]] s , [[ roma people | gypsies ]] | ) | minorities , high also among all other non - [[ collaboration | collaborating ]] population . during the war , the [[ communism | communist ]] - led [[ partisans ( | ||||
| 63521475 | 62 | would argue that the decentralised market socialism was a disastrous experiment for a state in yugoslavia ' s geopolitical situation . the 1974 constitution , though better for the kosovar albanians | ]] | , gave too much to the republics , crippling the institutional and material power of the federal government . tito ' s authority substituted for this weakness until his death in | |||
| 83 | . the serbian delegation , led by milošević , insisted on a policy of " one person , one vote " , which would empower the majority population , the serbs | ]] | . in turn , the slovenians , supported by croatians , sought to reform yugoslavia as to devolve power even more to republics , but were voted down . as a | ||||
| 119 | [[ state of emergency ]] which would allow for the army to take control of the country . the representatives of serbia , montenegro , kosovo - metohija , and vojvodina | ]] | voted for the decision , while croatia ( [[ stjepan mesić | stipe mesić ]] ) , slovenia ( [[ janez drnovšek ]] ) , macedonia ( [[ vasil tupurkovski ]] | ||||
| 139 | three months , the yugoslav army completed its pull - out of slovenia , but in croatia , a bloody war broke out in the autumn of 1991 . ethnic serbs | ]] | , who had created the [[ republic of serbian krajina ]] in heavily serb - populated regions resisted the forces of the republic of croatia who were trying to bring that | ||||
| 69732942 | 1 | serb members of the yugoslav committee became alarmed when the allies offered serbia lands that had not been reserved for italians . these included bosnia , herzegovina , slavonia , bačka | ]] | and parts of dalmatia . croat members of the committee feared a carve - up of croat lands between serbia and italy . there were also quarrels about the designation and | |||
| 83862003 | 10 | [[ monarchy | kingdom ]] formed on [[ december 1 ]] , [[ 1918 ]] , which was originally formed as the ' ' kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes | ' ' . it was | " after [[ world war i ]] and | re - named on [[ january 6 ]] , [[ 1929 ]] by king [[ alexander i of yugoslavia | alexander i ]] . it was invaded on [[ april 6 | ||
| 91986037 | 9 | slav lands with serbia ( which was independent at the time ) , its more immediate concern was to head off italian claims in [[ istria ]] and [[ dalmatia ]] | . | in 1915 , the allies had lured the italians into the war with promise of substantial territorial gains in exchange . according to the secret [[ london pact ]] , these | |||
| 40 | slav lands with serbia ( which was independent at the time ) , its more immediate concern was to head off italian claims in [[ istria ]] and [[ dalmatia ]] | , which was a very real concern | . in 1915 , the allies had lured the italians into the war with promise of substantial territorial gains in exchange . according to the secret [[ london pact ]] , | ||||
| 92027256 | 4 | varied over the years . ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( ' ' jugoslavija ' ' in [[ south slavic languages ]] , slovenian , croatian , bosnian | language | bosnian ]] | , ' ' југославија ' ' ( [[ serbian language | serbian ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] [[ cyrillic ]] ) : " land of the [[ south | |||
| 5 | over the years . ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( ' ' jugoslavija ' ' in [[ south slavic languages ]] , slovenian , croatian , bosnian , | or | ' ' југославија ' ' ( [[ serbian language | serbian ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] [[ cyrillic ]] ) : " land of the [[ south slavs | ||||
| 94995394 | 1 | in the [[ independent state of croatia ]] , [[ serbs ]] , [[ jews ]] and [[ roma | gypsies ]] were marched to the [[ jasenovac concentration camp ]] | . | ]] the [[ axis powers ]] occupied yugoslavia and split it up . the [[ independent state of croatia ]] was established as a nazi puppet - state , ruled by | |||
| 2 | broz tito ]] . [[ image : jasenovac6 . jpg | right | thumb | 250px | [[ jasenovac concentration camp # mass murder and cruelty | children in jasenovac ]] | . | ]] the nov initiated a [[ guerrilla warfare | guerrilla ]] campaign which was developed into the largest resistance army in occupied western and central europe . the chetniks initially made | ||||
| 98950352 | 0 | the serbs and also exploited anti - serb sentiment amongst the [[ kosovo | kosovar ]] [[ albanians ]] - and some elements in the [[ bosniaks | bosnian muslim ]] | population | - population to bolster their rule . there has been one structural element in the post - world war ii yugoslav state ' s stability : the joint concern of the | |||
| 1 | serbs and also exploited anti - serb sentiment amongst the [[ kosovo | kosovar ]] [[ albanians ]] - and some elements in the [[ bosniaks | bosnian muslim ]] - | population | to bolster their rule . there has been one structural element in the post - world war ii yugoslav state ' s stability : the joint concern of the [[ soviet | ||||
| 99559260 | 1 | party ]] ( ' ' komunistička partija ' ' ) , and were against the king , joined the [[ partisans ( yugoslavia ) | yugoslav national liberation army ]] narodno | oslobodilacka | oslobodilačka | vojska ( nov ) , led by [[ josip broz tito ]] . [[ image : jasenovac6 . jpg | right | thumb | 250px | [[ jasenovac concentration camp # | ||
| 99751122 | 1 | ]] and parts of [[ austria | austrian ]] southern provinces [[ styria ]] and [[ carinthia ]] . this was the territory populated predominantly by [[ slovenians | slovenes ]] | ( and [[ croats ]] in [[ istria ]] ) | . however , the nla withdrew from trieste in june of the same year . westerner attempts to reunite the partisans , who denied supremacy of the old government of the | |||
| 101445916 | 2 | ]] , while other parts of the country were occupied by [[ bulgaria ]] , [[ hungary ]] and [[ italy ]] . during this time croatia along with bosnian muslims | , | created concentration camps for serbs , roma , and jews , one of the most famous being [[ jasenovac ]] . estimates point that up to 800 , 000 men , | |||
| 3 | ]] . during this time croatia along with bosnian muslims created concentration camps for serbs , roma , and jews , one of the most famous being [[ jasenovac ]] . | estimates point that up to 800 , 000 | a large number of | men , women and children were executed in these camps , most of whom were serbs . croatia , nazis and vatican had a plan to kill a third of serbs | |||
| 5 | being [[ jasenovac ]] . estimates point that up to 800 , 000 men , women and children were executed in these camps , most of whom were serbs . croatia | , nazis and vatican had a plan | planned | to kill a third of serbs , convert a third , and ethnically cleanse the last third . = = = resistance movements = = = {{ main | people ' | |||
| 7 | country were occupied by [[ bulgaria ]] , [[ hungary ]] and [[ italy ]] . during this time croatia along with bosnian muslims created concentration camps for serbs , roma | , | and jews , one of the most famous being [[ jasenovac ]] . estimates point that up to 800 , 000 men , women and children were executed in these camps | ||||
| 102669832 | 24 | the most famous being [[ jasenovac ]] . a large number of men , women and children were executed in these camps , most of whom were serbs . according to | [[ | mile budak ]] , croatia planned to kill a third of serbs , convert a third to catholicism , and ethnically cleanse the last third . = = = resistance movements | |||
| 107864960 | 19 | only relative dominion over yugoslavia . in 1986 , the [[ serbian academy of sciences and arts ]] drafted a memorandum addressing some burning issues concerning position of [[ serbs ]] | as the most numerous people | in yugoslavia . the largest yugoslav republic in territory and population , serbia ' s influence over the regions of kosovo and vojvodina was reduced by the 1974 constitution . because | |||
| 107899114 | 0 | serbian academy of sciences and arts ]] contributed significantly to the rise of serbian nationalism , as it drafted a memorandum addressing some burning issues concerning position of [[ serbs ]] | as the most numerous people | in yugoslavia . the largest yugoslav republic in territory and population , serbia ' s influence over the regions of kosovo and vojvodina was reduced by the 1974 constitution . serbia | |||
| 107938591 | 24 | broz tito ]] . [[ image : jasenovac6 . jpg | right | thumb | 250px | [[ jasenovac concentration camp # mass murder and cruelty | children in jasenovac ]] | . | ]] the nov initiated a [[ guerrilla warfare | guerrilla ]] campaign which was developed into the largest resistance army in occupied western and central europe . the chetniks initially made | |||
| 108207574 | 0 | ' ' or nov ) , led by [[ josip broz tito ]] . [[ image : jasenovac6 . jpg | right | thumb | 250px | [[ jasenovac concentration camp | # mass murder and cruelty | | children in jasenovac ]] ]] the nov initiated a [[ guerrilla warfare | guerrilla ]] campaign which was developed into the largest resistance army in occupied western and central europe | |||
| 118077903 | 0 | led by [[ josip broz tito ]] . [[ image : jasenovac6 . jpg | right | thumb | 250px | [[ jasenovac concentration camp | children in jasenovac ]] ]] | first anti - fascist armed unit in europe was marked in brezovica forest near croatian town of [[ sisak ]] ( 60 kilometres south of zagreb ) where , at [[ june 22 ]] [[ 1941 ]] . , local antifascist formed [[ prvi sisački partizanski odred ]] ( ' ' first sisak partisan squad ' ' ) . | the nov initiated a [[ guerrilla warfare | guerrilla ]] campaign which was developed into the largest resistance army in occupied western and central europe . the chetniks initially made notable | |||
| 125725649 | 9 | ]] dynasty . = = = the unification of slovenes , croats and serbs = = = as the habsburg empire dissolved , a national council of slovenes , croats and | serbs took | jewstook | power in zagreb on [[ 6 october ]] [[ 1918 ]] . on [[ 29 october ]] , the croatian sabor ( or parliament ) declared independence and vested its sovereignty | ||
| 131370969 | 0 | were executed in these camps . = = = resistance movements = = = {{ main | people ' s liberation war }} yugoslavs opposing the [[ nazism | nazis ]] | organized | unorganized | resistance movement . those inclined towards supporting the old kingdom of yugoslavia joined the [[ yugoslav army in the fatherland ]] , also known as the chetniks , a multiethnic , | ||
| 135155283 | 13 | ]] of six republics in the autumn of 1990 , however [[ slobodan milošević | milošević ]] rejected all such proposals , arguing that like slovenes and croats , the serbs | ( having in mind croatian serbs ) | should also have a right to self - determination . on [[ march 9 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] demonstrations were held against slobodan milošević in [[ belgrade ]] , but | |||
| 135158463 | 8 | turn declared contrary to the bih and federal constitution by the federal constitution court and the newly established bosnian serb government ; it was largely boycotted by the bosnian serbs . | it is interesting that the federal court in belgrade did not decide on the matter of the referendum of the bosnian serbs . | the turnout was somewhere between 64 - 67 % and 98 % of the voters voted for independence . it was unclear what the two - thirds majority requirement actually meant | |||
| 142795804 | 1 | , led by [[ josip broz tito ]] . [[ image : jasenovac6 . jpg | right | thumb | 250px | [[ jasenovac concentration camp | serbian children in jasenovac | concentration camp | ]] ]] first anti - fascist armed unit in europe was marked in brezovica forest near croatian town of [[ sisak ]] ( 60 kilometres south of zagreb ) where , | |||
| 144079655 | 0 | in these camps . = = = = resistance movements = = = = {{ main | people ' s liberation war }} yugoslavs opposing the [[ nazism | nazis ]] | unorganized | organized | resistance movement . those inclined towards supporting the old kingdom of yugoslavia joined the [[ yugoslav army in the fatherland ]] , also known as the chetniks , a multiethnic , | ||
| 150932203 | 33 | slav lands with serbia ( which was independent at the time ) , its more immediate concern was to head off italian claims in [[ istria ]] and [[ dalmatia ]] | . in 1915 , the allies had lured the italians into the war with a promise of substantial territorial gains | 1918 | in exchange . according to the secret [[ london pact ]] , these included istria and large parts of dalmatia , which had substantial numbers of italians living in the coastal | ||
| 53 | of the yugoslav committee became alarmed when the allies offered serbia lands that had not been reserved for italians . these included bosnia , herzegovina , slavonia , [[ bačka ]] | and parts of dalmatia | . croat members of the committee feared a carve - up of croat lands between serbia and italy . there were also quarrels about the designation and command of units of | ||||
| 184062418 | 1 | bulgaria ]] , [[ hungary ]] , and [[ italy ]] . during this time the independent state of croatia created concentration camps for anti - fascists , communists , serbs | ]] | , gypsies and jews , one of them being [[ jasenovac ]] . a large number of men , women and children , mostly serbs , were executed in these camps | |||
| 2 | ]] , [[ hungary ]] , and [[ italy ]] . during this time the independent state of croatia created concentration camps for anti - fascists , communists , serbs , | [[ | gypsies and jews , one of them being [[ jasenovac ]] . a large number of men , women and children , mostly serbs , were executed in these camps . | ||||
| 3 | , [[ hungary ]] , and [[ italy ]] . during this time the independent state of croatia created concentration camps for anti - fascists , communists , serbs , gypsies | ]] | and jews , one of them being [[ jasenovac ]] . a large number of men , women and children , mostly serbs , were executed in these camps . members | ||||
| 4 | [[ hungary ]] , and [[ italy ]] . during this time the independent state of croatia created concentration camps for anti - fascists , communists , serbs , gypsies and | [[ | jews , one of them being [[ jasenovac ]] . a large number of men , women and children , mostly serbs , were executed in these camps . members of | ||||
| 6 | . during this time the independent state of croatia created concentration camps for anti - fascists , communists , serbs , gypsies and jews , one of them being [[ jasenovac | concentration camp | jasenovac | ]] . a large number of men , women and children , mostly serbs , were executed in these camps . members of various yugoslav nationalities were recruited into the [[ | ||||
| 12 | during this time the independent state of croatia created concentration camps for anti - fascists , communists , serbs , gypsies and jews , one of them being [[ jasenovac ]] | . | a large number of men , women and children , mostly serbs , were executed in these camps . members of various yugoslav nationalities were recruited into the [[ ss ]] | ||||
| 192073726 | 18 | during the early period of [[ world war i ]] , a number of prominent political figures from south slavic lands under the [[ house of habsburg | habsburg ]] [[ | austria - hungary | | austro - hungarian empire ]] fled to [[ london ]] , where they began work on forming the [[ yugoslav committee ]] to represent the south slavs of austria - hungary | |||
| 192075557 | 30 | during the early period of [[ world war i ]] , a number of prominent political figures from south slavic lands under the [[ house of habsburg | habsburg ]] [[ | austria - hungary | | austro - hungarian empire ]] fled to [[ london ]] , where they began work on forming the [[ yugoslav committee ]] to represent the south slavs of austria - hungary | |||
| 201089168 | 0 | , also known as the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia | first yugoslavia ]] , was a [[ monarchy ]] formed as the " country of slovenes , croats and serbs " | . | re - named " kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes " after [[ world war i ]] and re - named once again on [[ 6 january ]] [[ 1929 | |||
| 201109080 | 2 | , also known as the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia | first yugoslavia ]] , was a [[ monarchy ]] formed as the " country of slovenes , croats and serbs " | re - named | ( slovene : država slovencev , hrvatov in srbov ; croatian : država slovenaca , hrvata i srba ; serbian : држава словенаца , хрвата и срба ) . the country was established on 29 october 1918 . it lasted only for a month ; on 1 december 1918 it joined together with the " kingdom of serbia " ( serbian : краљевина србија to form | " kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes " after [[ world war i ]] and re - named once again on [[ 6 january ]] [[ 1929 ]] by [[ | ||
| 3 | ]] , was a [[ monarchy ]] formed as the " country of slovenes , croats and serbs " re - named " kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes " | after [[ world war | ( serbian : краљевина срба , хрвата и словенаца ; croatian : kraljevina srba , hrvata | i ]] and re - named once again on [[ 6 january ]] [[ 1929 ]] by [[ alexander i of yugoslavia ]] . it was invaded on [[ 6 april | |||
| 203556024 | 7 | croats and serbs " ( slovene : država slovencev , hrvatov in srbov ; croatian : država slovenaca , hrvata i srba ; serbian : држава словенаца , хрвата и срба | ; | ) . the country was established on 29 october 1918 . it lasted only for a month ; on 1 december 1918 it joined together with the " kingdom of serbia | |||
| 13 | the country was re - named on 3 october 1929 and henceforth it would be called " kingdom of yugoslavia " ( serbian : краљевина југославија ; croatian , slovene : | kraljevina jugoslavija ) | кралство југославија | . it was invaded on [[ 6 april ]] [[ 1941 ]] by the [[ axis powers ]] and its army capitulated eleven days later . the legal royal government in | |||
| 203556486 | 1 | to form " kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes " ( serbian : краљевина срба , хрвата и словенаца ; croatian : kraljevina srba , hrvata i slovenaca ; slovene | ]] | : kraljevina srbov , hrvatov in slovencev ) . the country was re - named on 3 october 1929 and henceforth it would be called " kingdom of yugoslavia " ( | |||
| 206751541 | 2 | [[ vojvodina ]] . the first country was called " country of slovenes , croats and serbs " ( [[ serbo - croatian ]] : država slovenaca , hrvata i srba | ' ' | / држава словенаца , хрвата и срба ; [[ slovene ]] : država slovencev , hrvatov in srbov [[ macedonian ]] : кралство на србите , хрватите и словенците ) . | |||
| 24 | together with the " kingdom of serbia " ( kraljevina srbija / краљевина србија ) to form " kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes " ( [[ serbo - croatian | ]] | : kraljevina slovenaca , hrvata i srba / краљевина словенаца , хрвата и срба ; [[ slovene ]] : kraljevina slovencev , hrvatov in srbov [[ macedonian ]] : кралство на | ||||
| 206802676 | 9 | vojvodina ]] . the first country was called " country of slovenes , croats and serbs " ( {{ lang - sh | ' ' država slovenaca , hrvata i srba | ' ' | / држава словенаца , хрвата и срба ; {{ lang - sl | ' ' država slovencev , hrvatov in srbov ' ' ; {{ lang - mk | кралство на | |||
| 231803887 | 30 | the " [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] " , which before [[ 3 october ]] , [[ 1929 ]] was known as the " kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes | " | . it was established on [[ 1 december ]] , [[ 1918 ]] by the union of the [[ state of slovenes , croats and serbs ]] and the [[ kingdom | |||
| 231807278 | 33 | casualties . very high losses were among [[ serbs ]] who lived in bosnia and croatia , as well as [[ jew ]] ish and [[ roma people | roma ]] | minorities , high also among all other non - [[ collaborationism | collaborating ]] population . during the war , the [[ communism | communist ]] - led [[ yugoslav partisans | partisans ]] were ' ' de facto ' ' in control of the liberated territories , and the nov organized [[ people ' s committee ]] s to act as civilian government . in autumn of 1941 , the partisans established the [[ republic of užice ]] in the liberated territory of western [[ serbia ]] . in november 1941 , the [[ germany | german ]] troops occupied this territory again , while the majority of partisan forces escaped towards bosnia | . on [[ november 25 ]] , [[ 1942 ]] , the [[ avnoj | anti - fascist council of national liberation of yugoslavia ]] ( ' ' antifašističko vijeće narodnog oslobođenja jugoslavije ' ' ) was convened in [[ bihać ]] , [[ bosnia and herzegovina | bosnia ]] . the council reconvened on [[ november 29 ]] , [[ 1943 ]] , in [[ jajce ]] , also in [[ bosnia and herzegovina | bosnia ]] and established the basis for post - war organisation of the country , establishing a federation ( this date was celebrated as republic day after the war ) . | = = = the liberation of yugoslavia = = = [[ image : liberationofbelgrademedal . jpg | 110px | left | thumb | c70 , 000 soviet and allied personnel were | ||
| 197533958 | 0 | , were executed in these camps . < ref > http : / / en . wikipedia . org / wiki / jasenovac # victim _ counts < / ref > | = = = = resistance movements = = = = {{ pov | date = december 2007 }} {{ main | yugoslav people ' s liberation war }} yugoslav ' s opposing the [[ nazism | nazis ]] organized a resistance movement . those inclined towards supporting the old kingdom of yugoslavia joined the [[ yugoslav army in the fatherland ]] , also known as the chetniks , serb royalist guerrilla army led by [[ draža mihajlović | dragoljub " draža " mihailović ]] . those inclined towards supporting the [[ communist party of yugoslavia | communist party ]] ( ' ' komunistička partija ' ' ) , and were against the king , joined the [[ partisans ( yugoslavia ) | yugoslav national liberation army ]] ( ' ' narodno oslobodilačka vojska ' ' or nov ) , led by [[ josip broz tito ]] , a croatian national . chetniks were allies of united states in europe and they saved over 150 american pilots during operation : " vazdušni most " . the nov initiated a [[ guerrilla warfare | guerrilla ]] campaign which was developed into the largest resistance army in occupied western and central europe . the chetniks initially made notable incursions and were supported by the exiled royal government as well as the [[ allies ]] , but were soon restrained from taking wider actions due to german reprisals against the serb civilian population . for every killed soldier , the germans executed 100 civilians , and for each wounded , they killed 50 . regarding the human cost as too high , the chetniks terminated war activities against the germans , and the allies eventually switched to support the nov . however , nov carried on its guerrilla warfare . the [[ demography | demographic ]] loss is estimated at 1 , 027 , 000 individuals by [[ vladimir zerjavic ]] and [[ bogoljub kočović ]] , an estimate accepted by the [[ united nations ]] , while the official yugoslav authorities claimed 1 , 700 , 000 casualties . very high losses were among [[ serbs ]] who lived in bosnia and croatia , as well as [[ jew ]] ish and [[ roma people | roma ]] minorities , high also among all other non - [[ collaborationism | collaborating ]] population . during the war , the [[ communism | communist ]] - led [[ partisans ( yugoslavia ) | partisans ]] were ' ' de facto ' ' rulers on the liberated territories , and the nov organized [[ people ' s committee ]] s to act as civilian government . in autumn of 1941 , the partisans established the [[ republic of užice ]] in the liberated territory of western [[ serbia ]] . in november 1941 , the [[ germany | german ]] troops occupied this territory again , while the majority of partisan forces escaped towards bosnia . on [[ november 25 ]] , [[ 1942 ]] , the [[ avnoj | anti - fascist council of national liberation of yugoslavia ]] ( ' ' antifašističko vijeće narodnog oslobođenja jugoslavije ' ' ) was convened in [[ bihać ]] , [[ bosnia and herzegovina | bosnia ]] . the council reconvened on [[ november 29 ]] , [[ 1943 ]] , in [[ jajce ]] , also in [[ bosnia and herzegovina | bosnia ]] and established the basis for post - war organisation of the country , establishing a federation ( this date was celebrated as republic day after the war ) . | = = = the liberation of yugoslavia = = = [[ image : liberationofbelgrademedal . jpg | 110px | left | thumb | c70 , 000 soviet and allied personnel were | |||
| 206802676 | 14 | 3 october 1929 and henceforth it would be called " kingdom of yugoslavia " ( serbo - croatian and slovene ( latin only ) : kraljevina jugoslavija / краљевина југославија ; | macedonian | : кралство југославија . it was invaded on [[ 6 april ]] [[ 1941 ]] by the [[ axis powers ]] and its army capitulated eleven days later . the legal | |||
| 210767374 | 6 | of serbia . svg | serbia image : flag of slovenia . svg | slovenia image : flag of vojvodina . svg | autonomous province of vojvodina < / gallery > | < / gallery > | = = = remaining cultural and ethnic ties = = = the similarity of the languages and the long history of common life have left many ties among the peoples of | |||
| 210773864 | 10 | ]] ' ' . < gallery caption = " flag of former sfr yugoslavia " > image : flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | sfr yugoslavia < / gallery > | < gallery caption = " flags of the currently | recognized countries " > image : flag of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | bosnia and herzegovina image : flag of croatia . svg | croatia image : flag of kosovo | |||
| 252009872 | 1 | | < center > [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] < / center > image : flag of croatia . svg | < center > [[ croatia ]] < / center > | image : flag of kosovo . svg | < center > [[ kosovo ]] < br > ( status as an independent country is [[ 2008 _ kosovo _ declaration _ of _ independence # international _ reaction | in dispute ]] ) < / center > | image : flag of macedonia . svg | < center > [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] < / center > image : flag of montenegro . svg | < | |||
| 252030779 | 1 | | < center > [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] < / center > image : flag of croatia . svg | < center > [[ croatia ]] < / center > | image : flag of kosovo . svg | < center > [[ kosovo ]] < br > ( status as an independent country is [[ 2008 _ kosovo _ declaration _ of _ independence # international _ reaction | in dispute ]] ) < / center > | image : flag of macedonia . svg | < center > [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] < / center > image : flag of montenegro . svg | < | |||
| 252034361 | 1 | | < center > [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] < / center > image : flag of croatia . svg | < center > [[ croatia ]] < / center > | image : flag of kosovo . svg | < center > [[ kosovo ]] < br > ( status as an independent country is [[ 2008 _ kosovo _ declaration _ of _ independence # international _ reaction | in dispute ]] ) < / center > | image : flag of macedonia . svg | < center > [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] < / center > image : flag of montenegro . svg | < | |||
| 257724223 | 1 | | < center > [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] < / center > image : flag of croatia . svg | < center > [[ croatia ]] < / center > | image : flag of kosovo . svg | < center > ' ' [[ kosovo ]] ' ' < br > ( status as an independent country is [[ 2008 _ kosovo _ declaration _ of _ independence # international _ reaction | in dispute ]] ) < / center > | image : flag of macedonia . svg | < center > [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] < / center > image : flag of montenegro . svg | < | |||
| 257724941 | 2 | center > [[ serbia ]] < / center > image : flag of slovenia . svg | < center > [[ slovenia ]] < / center > < / gallery > | < / center > | = = = remaining cultural and ethnic ties = = = the similarity of the languages and the long history of common life have left many ties among the peoples of | |||
| 257769716 | 2 | of eu ( and albania , which is encircled with them ) . < center > < gallery caption = " flags of the new states " perrow = 6 > | ! ! < center > ' ' ' [[ coat | > image : flag of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | < center > [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] < / center > image : flag of croatia . svg | | |||
| 9 | new states " perrow = 6 > image : flag of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | < center > [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] < / center > image : | 4em ; " | < center > [[ image : bosnia and herzegovina coats | : flag of croatia . svg | < center > [[ croatia ]] < / center > image : flag of macedonia . svg | < center > [[ republic of | ||||
| 16 | center > [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] < / center > image : flag of croatia . svg | < center > [[ croatia ]] < / center > image : | coat of arms of croatia . svg | 40px ]] < center > | - | [[ republic | image : flag of macedonia . svg | < center > [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] < / center > image : flag of montenegro . svg | < | ||||
| 28 | [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] < / center > image : flag of montenegro . svg | < center > [[ montenegro ]] < / center > image : | coat | image : flag of serbia . svg | < center > [[ serbia ]] < / center > image : flag of slovenia . svg | < center > [[ slovenia | ||||
| 35 | | < center > [[ montenegro ]] < / center > image : flag of serbia . svg | < center > [[ serbia ]] < / center > image : | coat | image : flag of slovenia . svg | < center > [[ slovenia ]] < / center > < / gallery > < / center > = = = remaining cultural | ||||
| 48 | of the new states " perrow = 6 > image : flag of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | < center > [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] < / center > | image | : flag of croatia . svg | < center > [[ croatia ]] < / center > image : flag of macedonia . svg | < center > [[ republic of | ||||
| 49 | new states " perrow = 6 > image : flag of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | < center > [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] < / center > image : | flag | of croatia . svg | < center > [[ croatia ]] < / center > image : flag of macedonia . svg | < center > [[ republic of macedonia | | ||||
| 52 | center > [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] < / center > image : flag of croatia . svg | < center > [[ croatia ]] < / center > image : | flag | of macedonia . svg | < center > [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] < / center > image : flag of montenegro . svg | < center > [[ | ||||
| 56 | center > [[ croatia ]] < / center > image : flag of macedonia . svg | < center > [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] < / center > | image : flag of | montenegro . svg | < center > [[ montenegro ]] < / center > image : flag of serbia . svg | < center > [[ serbia ]] < / center | ||||
| 59 | [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] < / center > image : flag of montenegro . svg | < center > [[ montenegro ]] < / center > image : | flag | of serbia . svg | < center > [[ serbia ]] < / center > image : flag of slovenia . svg | < center > [[ slovenia ]] < / | ||||
| 62 | | < center > [[ montenegro ]] < / center > image : flag of serbia . svg | < center > [[ serbia ]] < / center > image : | flag | of slovenia . svg | < center > [[ slovenia ]] < / center > < / gallery > < / center > = = = remaining cultural and ethnic ties | ||||
| 262829971 | 0 | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of slovenia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | | [[ kosovo ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ prishtina ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of kosovo . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat _ of _ arms _ of _ kosovo . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | | } the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , which applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004 . croatia applied for | |||
| 262830591 | 0 | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of slovenia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | | [[ kosovo ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ prishtina ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of kosovo . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat _ of _ arms _ of _ kosovo . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | | } the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , which applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004 . croatia applied for | |||
| 262867230 | 0 | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of slovenia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | | [[ kosovo ]] ( disputed , not recognized by all nations . ) | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ prishtina ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of kosovo . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat _ of _ arms _ of _ kosovo . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | | } the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , which applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004 . croatia applied for | |||
| 262867708 | 0 | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat _ of _ arms _ of _ kosovo . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | | - | } | | - | * kosovo ' s status is [[ international reaction to the 2008 declaration of independence by kosovo | disputed ]] the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union | ||
| 262867833 | 0 | < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat _ of _ arms _ of _ kosovo . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | } | * kosovo ' s status is [[ international reaction to the 2008 declaration of independence by kosovo | disputed ]] the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union | |||
| 262867974 | 0 | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat _ of _ arms _ of _ kosovo . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | | - } | | } | * kosovo ' s status is [[ international reaction to the 2008 declaration of independence by kosovo | disputed ]] the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union | ||
| 266845832 | 0 | , were executed in these camps . < ref > http : / / en . wikipedia . org / wiki / jasenovac # victim _ counts < / ref > | = = = yugoslav people ' s liberation war = = = {{ main | yugoslav people ' s liberation war }} from the start , the yugoslav resistance forces consisted of two factions : the communist - led [[ yugoslav partisans ]] , and the royalist [[ chetniks ]] . with the former receiving allied recognition only at the tehran conference ( 1943 ) , after the degree of chetnik - axis collaboration increased greatly . the heavily pro - serbian chetniks were lead by [[ draža mihajlović ]] , while the pan - yugoslav oriented partisans were led by [[ josip broz tito ]] . the partisans initiated a [[ guerrilla warfare | guerrilla ]] campaign which | yogoslavia | was developed into the largest resistance army in occupied western and central europe . the chetniks were initially supported by the exiled royal government as well as the [[ allies ]] | ||
| 266846137 | 0 | , were executed in these camps . < ref > http : / / en . wikipedia . org / wiki / jasenovac # victim _ counts < / ref > | yogoslavia | = = = yugoslav people ' s liberation war = = = {{ main | yugoslav people ' s liberation war }} from the start , the yugoslav resistance forces consisted of two factions : the communist - led [[ yugoslav partisans ]] , and the royalist [[ chetniks ]] . with the former receiving allied recognition only at the tehran conference ( 1943 ) , after the degree of chetnik - axis collaboration increased greatly . the heavily pro - serbian chetniks were lead by [[ draža mihajlović ]] , while the pan - yugoslav oriented partisans were led by [[ josip broz tito ]] . the partisans initiated a [[ guerrilla warfare | guerrilla ]] campaign which | was fun = = sfr yugoslavia = = < gallery align = right perrow = 6 > file : flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | < center > [[ flag | ||
| 269117592 | 0 | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of slovenia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | } | < nowiki > | * kosovo ' s status is [[ international reaction to the 2008 declaration of independence by kosovo | disputed ]] the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union | |||
| 269117639 | 0 | < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of slovenia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | } < nowiki > * | < / nowiki > | kosovo ' s status is [[ international reaction to the 2008 declaration of independence by kosovo | disputed ]] < / nowiki > the first former yugoslav republic to join the | |||
| 275241659 | 0 | / / www . europeanvoice . com / article / 2008 / 12 / montenegro - applies - for - eu - membership / 63428 . aspx < / ref > | . montenegro presented its official application to the european union , with the hopes of gaining eu candidate status by 2009 . | the remaining four republics have yet to apply so their acceptance generally is not expected before 2015 . these states are signatories of [[ enlargement of the european union | various | |||
| 278537504 | 1 | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of slovenia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | } | < nowiki > * < / nowiki > kosovo ' s status is [[ international reaction to the 2008 declaration of independence by kosovo | disputed ]] | the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , which applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004 . croatia applied for membership in | |||
| 278544650 | 1 | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of slovenia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | } | < nowiki > * < / nowiki > kosovo ' s status is [[ international reaction to the 2008 declaration of independence by kosovo | disputed ]] | the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , which applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004 . croatia applied for membership in | |||
| 286478601 | 1 | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of slovenia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | } | < nowiki > * < / nowiki > kosovo ' s status is [[ international reaction to the 2008 declaration of independence by kosovo | disputed ]] | the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , which applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004 . croatia applied for membership in | |||
| 286479250 | 1 | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of slovenia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | } | < nowiki > * < / nowiki > kosovo ' s status is [[ international reaction to the 2008 declaration of independence by kosovo | disputed ]] | the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , which applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004 . croatia applied for membership in | |||
| 289405796 | 1 | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of slovenia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | } | < nowiki > * < / nowiki > kosovo ' s status is [[ international reaction to the 2008 declaration of independence by kosovo | disputed ]] . | the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , which applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004 . croatia applied for membership in | |||
| 291412855 | 1 | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of serbia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | | [[ kosovo ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ ljubljana ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of kosovo . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of kosovo . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | | } the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , which applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004 . croatia applied for | |||
| 294275487 | 1 | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of slovenia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | | [[ kosovo ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ pristina ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of kosovo . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of kosovo . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | | } the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , which applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004 . croatia applied for | |||
| 294280182 | 1 | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of serbia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | | [[ kosovo ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ pristina ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of kosovo . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of kosovo . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | | } the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , which applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004 . croatia applied for | |||
| 294603647 | 1 | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of slovenia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | | [[ kosovo ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ pristina ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of kosovo . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of kosovo . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | | } the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , which applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004 . croatia applied for | |||
| 294877361 | 3 | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of serbia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | | [[ kosovo ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ pristina ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of kosovo . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of kosovo . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | | } the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , which applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004 . croatia applied for | |||
| 294982512 | 1 | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of slovenia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | | [[ kosovo ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ pristina ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of kosovo . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of kosovo . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | | } the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , which applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004 . croatia applied for | |||
| 295242064 | 1 | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of serbia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | | [[ kosovo ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ pristina ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of kosovo . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of kosovo . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | | } the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , which applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004 . croatia applied for | |||
| 295336142 | 0 | svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of slovenia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | | - | ' ' [[ kosovo ]] ' ' | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | ' ' [[ pristina ]] ' ' | < center > [[ file : flag of kosovo . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of kosovo . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | } | the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , which applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004 . croatia applied for membership in | |||
| 295336251 | 0 | svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of slovenia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | | - | the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , which applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004 . croatia applied for membership in | |||
| 295388268 | 3 | ]] | style = " width : 6em ; " | < center > [[ file : flag of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | 70px ]] < / center > | | | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : bosnia and herzegovina coats of arms modified . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | |||
| 27 | svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of slovenia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | | | - the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , which applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004 . croatia applied for membership | ||||
| 295402396 | 3 | sarajevo ]] style = " width : 6em ; " | < center > [[ file : flag of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | 70px ]] < / center > | | | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : bosnia and herzegovina coats of arms modified . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | |||
| 28 | . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > < center > [[ file : coat of arms of slovenia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | | - | ' ' [[ kosovo ]] ' ' | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | ' ' [[ pristina ]] ' ' | < center > [[ file : flag of kosovo . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of kosovo . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | } | the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , which applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004 . croatia applied for membership in | |||
| 299963785 | 0 | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of slovenia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | | ' ' [[ kosovo ]] ' ' < ref > kosovo ' s [[ 2008 _ kosovo _ declaration _ of _ independence | independence ]] is disputed < / ref > | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | ' ' [[ pristina ]] ' ' | < center > [[ file : flag of kosovo . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of kosovo . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | | } the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , which applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004 . croatia applied for | |||
| 309687865 | 1 | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of croatia . svg | 40px ]] < center > | - | ' ' [[ kosovo ]] ' ' < ref | > kosovo ' s [[ 2008 _ kosovo _ declaration _ of _ independence | label | | independence ]] is disputed < / ref > | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | ' ' [[ pristina ]] ' ' | < | ||
| 318046156 | 40 | ]] ' ' ' < / center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' [[ flag ]] ' ' ' < / center > ! ! < center > | ' ' ' | [[ coat of arms ]] ' ' ' < / center > | - | [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] | style = " width : 7em ; font - size | |||
| 340418892 | 0 | | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of croatia . svg | 40px ]] < center > | - | style = " background : # efefef ; " | | ' ' [[ kosovo ]] ' ' < ref > {{ kosovo - note }} < / ref > | style = " font - size : 90 % ; | |||
| 375032646 | 7 | svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of montenegro . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | | - | [[ serbia ]] | | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ belgrade ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of serbia . svg | 70px | | |||
| 375034390 | 0 | kosovo & # 124 ; international | publisher = reuters | date = 2008 - 10 - 08 | accessdate = 2009 - 07 - 20 }} < / ref > | this process is currently ongoing | on 22 july 2010 , the court ruled that kososvo ' s indepedence was not illegal | . = = = remaining cultural and ethnic ties = = = {{ main | yugosphere }} the similarity of the languages and the long history of common life have left | ||
| 378359503 | 3 | has yet to be accepted . < ref > [ http : / / euobserver . com / 9 / 27301 montenegro files eu membership application ] < / ref > | . | the remaining three republics have yet to apply so their acceptance generally is not expected before 2015 . these states are signatories of [[ enlargement of the european union | various | |||
| 394554278 | 2 | , [[ catholic ]] [[ croats ]] , and [[ muslim ]] [[ bosniaks ]] and the rise of nationalism contributed to the collapse of yugoslavia in 1991 . < ref | > http : / / | " > | atheism . about . com / library / world / kz / bl _ yugoreligiondemography . htm < / ref > = = = government = = = on 7 april | ||
| 9 | > http : / / www . europeanvoice . com / article / 2008 / 12 / montenegro - applies - for - eu - membership / 63428 . aspx < | / ref > . | montenegro presented its official application to the european union , with the hopes of gaining eu candidate status by 2009 , although it has yet to be accepted . < ref | ||||
| 400599300 | 14 | > [[ flag of socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | flag ]] < / center > file : coat of arms of sfr yugoslavia . svg | < center > [[ | coat | thumb | right | | of arms of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | coat of arms ]] < / center > < / gallery > [[ file : sfryugoslavianumbered . png | thumb | | ||
| 15 | flag of socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | flag ]] < / center > file : coat of arms of sfr yugoslavia . svg | < center > [[ coat of | arms | file : sfryugoslavianumbered . png | thumb | 250px | right | republics and provinces | of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | coat of arms ]] < / center > < / gallery > [[ file : sfryugoslavianumbered . png | thumb | 250px | | |||
| 26 | ]] | publisher = simon & schuster | isbn = 0 - 684 - 84441 - 9 | year = 1996 | page = 260 }} < / ref > ) | . | starting in 1991 , the sfry disintegrated in the [[ yugoslav wars ]] which followed the [[ secession ]] of most of the country ' s constituent entities . the next | ||||
| 35 | about _ holocaust / month _ in _ holocaust / april / april _ chronology / chronology _ 1941 _ april _ 06 . html < / ref > = = | yugoslavia during | world war ii = = [[ file : stjepan filipovic . jpg | thumb | right | 200px | [[ yugoslav partisans | partisan ]] fighter [[ stjepan filipović ]] shouting | ||||
| 45 | | style = " width : 6em ; " | < center > [[ file : flag of sr bosnia and herzegovina . svg | 70px ]] < / center > | | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : sr bosnia and herzegovina coa . png | 40px ]] < / center > | | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : sfry bosnia and herzegovina . png | 60px ]] < / center > | - | ||||
| 46 | : 90 % ; " | [[ zagreb ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of sr croatia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | | < center > [[ file : sr croatia coa . png | 40px ]] < center > | | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : sfry croatia . png | 60px ]] < / center > | - | [[ | ||||
| 47 | 90 % ; " | [[ skopje ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of the sr macedonia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of macedonia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : sfry macedonia . png | 60px ]] < / center > | - | [[ | ||||
| 48 | ]] < nowiki > * < / nowiki > | < center > [[ file : flag of sr montenegro . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | | < center > [[ file : sr montenegro coa . png | 40px ]] < / center > | | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : sfry montenegro . png | 60px ]] < / center > | - | [[ | ||||
| 49 | : [[ priština ]] : [[ novi sad ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of sr serbia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | | < center > [[ file : sr serbia coa . png | 40px ]] < / center > | | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : sfry serbia . png | 60px ]] < / center > | - | [[ | ||||
| 50 | : 90 % ; " | [[ ljubljana ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of sr slovenia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | | < center > [[ file : sr slovenia coa . png | 40px ]] < / center > | | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : sfry slovenia . png | 60px ]] < / center > | - | } | ||||
| 404799827 | 2 | order ]] | publisher = simon & schuster | isbn = 0 - 684 - 84441 - 9 | year = 1996 | page = 260 }} < / ref > | . | starting in 1991 , the sfry disintegrated in the [[ yugoslav wars ]] which followed the [[ secession ]] of most of the country ' s constituent entities . the next | |||
| 404877640 | 0 | / www . europeanvoice . com / article / 2008 / 12 / montenegro - applies - for - eu - membership / 63428 . aspx < / ref > montenegro | presented its official application | is [[ accession of montenegro | to the european union , with the hopes of gaining eu candidate status by 2009 , although it has yet to be accepted . < ref > [ http : / | ||
| 439457771 | 3 | size : 90 % ; " | [[ belgrade ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of serbia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | : | [[ file : flag of kosovo . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | - | [[ macedonia ( country ) | macedonia ]] | style = | |||
| 441313646 | 81 | wikitable " ! < center > ' ' ' [[ list of countries | name ]] ' ' ' < / center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' | [[ | capital city | capital ]] ' ' ' < / center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' [[ flag ]] ' ' ' < / center > ! | |||
| 149 | wikitable " ! < center > ' ' ' [[ list of countries | name ]] ' ' ' < / center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' | [[ | capital city | capital ]] ' ' ' < / center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' [[ flag ]] ' ' ' < / center > | | ||||
| 466554200 | 0 | wikitable " ! < center > ' ' ' [[ list of countries | name ]] ' ' ' < / center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' | [[ | capital ' ' ' < / center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' [[ flag ]] ' ' ' < / center > | - | [[ bosnia | |||
| 467914600 | 10 | [[ macedonia ( country ) | republic of macedonia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ skopje ]] | < center > [[ | file : flag of the republic of macedonia 1992 - 1995 . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of the republic of macedonia 1991 - 2009 . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] | | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ belgrade ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of serbia and montenegro . svg | | |||
| 468701811 | 2 | federal capital was [[ belgrade ]] . republics and provinces were ( in alphabetical order ) : { | class = " wikitable " ! < center > ' ' ' | [[ list of countries | | number ' ' ' < / center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' | name ]] ' ' ' < / center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' capital ' ' ' < / center > ! ! < center > ' | ||
| 39 | ' ' ' < / center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' capital ' ' ' < / center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' | [[ | flag ]] ' ' ' < / center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' location ' ' ' < / center > | - | [[ socialist republic | ||||
| 55 | . ]] = = = new states = = = countries created from the former yugoslavia : { | class = " wikitable " ! < center > ' ' ' | [[ list of countries | | name ]] ' ' ' < / center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' [[ capital city | capital ]] ' ' ' < / center > ! | ||||
| 57 | wikitable " ! < center > ' ' ' [[ list of countries | name ]] ' ' ' < / center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' | [[ | capital city | capital ]] ' ' ' < / center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' [[ flag ]] ' ' ' < / center > ! | ||||
| 59 | center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' [[ capital city | capital ]] ' ' ' < / center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' | [[ | flag ]] ' ' ' < / center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' [[ coat of arms ]] ' ' ' < / center > | - | ||||
| 63 | = kosovo independence not illegal , says un court | date = 22 july 2010 | publisher = bbc news | accessdate = 23 july 2010 }} < / ref > | = = = remaining cultural and ethnic ties = = = {{ main | yugosphere }} | the similarity of the languages and the long history of common life have left many ties among the peoples of the new states , even though the individual state policies of | ||||
| 492545273 | 1 | = " width : 6em ; " | < center > [[ file : flag of sr bosnia and herzegovina . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of the socialist republic of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : sfry bosnia and herzegovina . png | 60px ]] < / center > | - | |||
| 20 | file : sfry slovenia . png | 60px ]] < / center > | - | } ( {{ smaller | < nowiki > * < / nowiki > now [[ | podgorica | ]] }} ) in 1947 , negotiations between yugoslavia and bulgaria were led and finalized with the [[ bled agreement ]] . the aim of the negotiations was to include bulgaria | ||||
| 495666744 | 15 | - % 205930 . pdf | title = croatia | publisher = shoah resource center – [[ yad vashem ]] | accessdate = 4 january 2010 }} < / ref > | first yugoslavia | {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia }} [[ file : flag of the kingdom of yugoslavia . svg | thumb | right | flag of the kingdom of yugoslavia ]] [[ | |||
| 496003280 | 3 | the former territory of yugoslavia , 2008 . ]] countries that emerged from the former yugoslavia : { | class = " wikitable " ! < center > ' ' ' | [[ list of countries | | name ' ' ' < / center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' capital ' ' ' < / center > ! ! < center > ' ' | |||
| 5 | : { | class = " wikitable " ! < center > ' ' ' name ' ' ' < / center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' | [[ | capital ' ' ' < / center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' flag ' ' ' < / center > ! ! < center > ' ' | ||||
| 7 | ' ' ' < / center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' capital ' ' ' < / center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' | [[ | flag ' ' ' < / center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' emblem ' ' ' < / center > | - | [[ bosnia and herzegovina | ||||
| 26 | > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of montenegro . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | | - | [[ serbia ]] : {{ smaller | [[ kosovo ]] }} ( disputed ) < ref > {{ kosovo - note }} < / ref > | | style = " width : 7em ; font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ belgrade ]] : [[ priština ]] | style = " width : 6em | ||||
| 496004184 | 0 | ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of the republic of macedonia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | | [[ serbia and montenegro ]] | | [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] | | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ belgrade ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of serbia and montenegro . svg | | ||
| 497533808 | 2 | - succession - issues - 2001 / | title = yugoslav agreement on succession issues ( 2001 ) | accessdate = 2012 - 06 - 14 }} < / ref > | < ref > http : / / www . jstor . org / discover / 10 . 2307 / 20694208 ? uid = 3738200 & uid = 2129 & uid = 2 & uid = 70 & uid = 4 & sid = 21100853300901 < / ref > | = = = yugosphere = = = the ' ' yugosphere ' ' is a term used to describe the present day physical areas which formed yugoslavia , as well as | |||
| 500174054 | 5 | svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of montenegro . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | | - | [[ serbia ]] < nowiki > * < / nowiki > | | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ belgrade ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of serbia . svg | 70px | | |||
| 537097237 | 10 | security council resolution 777 | denied its request to automatically continue the membership of the former state ]] . < ref > {{ cite book | url = http : / | / www . mpil . de / shared / data / pdf / pdfmpunyb / wood _ 1 . pdf | title = max planck yearbook of united nations law | chapter = participation of former yugoslav states in the united nations | pages = 241 – 243 }} < / ref | > eventually , after the [[ overthrow of slobodan milošević ]] from power as president of the federation in 2000 , the country rescinded those aspirations and accepted the opinion of | |||
| 12 | , referred to the federal republic of yugoslavia as " serbia and montenegro " . < ref > 1999 [[ cia ]] [[ world factbook ]] : [ http : / | / www . umsl . edu / services / govdocs / wofact99 / 265 . htm serbia and montenegro ] < / ref | > the state was finally officially renamed [[ serbia and montenegro ]] in 2003 . in april 2001 , the five successor states drafted and in june 2001 they signed an | ||||
| 542254308 | 0 | ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of the republic of macedonia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | | [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] | | [[ montenegro ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ podgorica ]] | | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ belgrade ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of serbia and montenegro . svg | | ||
| 542256959 | 4 | arbitration committee ]] about shared succession , and reapplied for and gained un membership on 2 november 2000 . < ref name = " ebrd country promotion programme " / > | ( | from 1992 to 2000 , some countries , including the united states , referred to the federal republic of yugoslavia as " serbia and montenegro " . < ref name = | |||
| 7 | , including the united states , referred to the federal republic of yugoslavia as " serbia and montenegro " . < ref name = " serbia and montenegro " / > | the state was finally officially renamed [[ serbia and montenegro ]] in 2003 . | ) | in june 2006 , [[ montenegro ]] became an independent nation after the results of a [[ montenegrin independence referendum , 2006 | may 2006 referendum ]] , therefore rendering serbia | |||
| 542265570 | 0 | of the former yugoslavia , as of 2008 }} the successor states to the former yugoslavia are the following : { | class = " wikitable " ! < center > | ' ' ' | [[ list of countries | name ]] ' ' ' < center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' [[ capital city | capital ]] ' ' ' < | |||
| 2 | | class = " wikitable " ! < center > ' ' ' [[ list of countries | name ]] ' ' ' < center > ! ! < center > | ' ' ' | [[ capital city | capital ]] ' ' ' < center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' [[ flag ]] ' ' ' < center > ! ! | ||||
| 4 | ' ' ' < center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' [[ capital city | capital ]] ' ' ' < center > ! ! < center > | ' ' ' | [[ flag ]] ' ' ' < center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' [[ coat of arms ]] ' ' ' < center > ! ! < | ||||
| 6 | | capital ]] ' ' ' < center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' [[ flag ]] ' ' ' < center > ! ! < center > | ' ' ' | [[ coat of arms ]] ' ' ' < center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' declared date of independence ' ' ' < center > ! ! | ||||
| 8 | ]] ' ' ' < center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' [[ coat of arms ]] ' ' ' < center > ! ! < center > | ' ' ' | declared date of independence ' ' ' < center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' official state - recognized date of independence ' ' ' < center > | ||||
| 10 | arms ]] ' ' ' < center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' declared date of independence ' ' ' < center > ! ! < center > | ' ' ' | official state - recognized date of independence ' ' ' < center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' which date of independence is celebrated as a public holiday | ||||
| 12 | ' ' < center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' official state - recognized date of independence ' ' ' < center > ! ! < center > | ' ' ' | which date of independence is celebrated as a public holiday ? ' ' ' < center > | - | [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] | [[ sarajevo ]] | style | ||||
| 547327217 | 7 | style = " width : 6em ; " | < center > [[ file : flag of sr croatia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | | style = " width | ' ' ' | : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of the socialist republic of croatia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | style | ||
| 10 | > [[ file : flag of sr croatia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center | > [[ file : coat of arms | rowspan | of the socialist republic of croatia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : | |||
| 20 | < center > [[ file : sr slovenia coa . png | 40px ]] < / center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > | | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of macedonia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | [[ list of countries | name ]] < center > ! ! < center > [[ capital city | capital ]] < center > ! ! < center > [[ flag | ||||
| 34 | : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of the socialist republic of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | | | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : sfry bosnia and herzegovina . png | 60px ]] < / center > | - | | ||||
| 555747797 | 3 | the former yugoslavia are the following : { | class = " sortable wikitable " ! < center > [[ list of countries | name ]] < center > ! ! | < center > | [[ capital city | capital ]] < center > ! ! < center > [[ flag ]] < center > ! ! < center > [[ coat of arms ]] < | |||
| 7 | ]] < center > ! ! < center > [[ capital city | capital ]] < center > ! ! < center > [[ flag ]] < center > ! ! | < center > | [[ coat of arms ]] < center > ! ! < center > declared date of independence < center > ! ! < center > official state - recognized date of | ||||
| 9 | capital ]] < center > ! ! < center > [[ flag ]] < center > ! ! < center > [[ coat of arms ]] < center > ! ! | < center > | declared date of independence < center > ! ! < center > official state - recognized date of independence < center > ! ! < center > which date of independence | ||||
| 11 | ]] < center > ! ! < center > [[ coat of arms ]] < center > ! ! < center > declared date of independence < center > ! ! | < center > | official state - recognized date of independence < center > ! ! < center > which date of independence is celebrated as a public holiday ? < center > | - | ||||
| 13 | center > ! ! < center > declared date of independence < center > ! ! < center > official state - recognized date of independence < center > ! ! | < center > which date of independence is celebrated as a | public holiday ? < center > | - | [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] | [[ sarajevo ]] | style = " width : 6em ; " | < center > | ||||
| 573227240 | 0 | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of montenegro . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | may | 31 | 21 | , 2006 | june 3 , 2006 | may 21 | - | [[ serbia ]] | [[ belgrade ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of serbia . | ||
| 578690791 | 14 | the union on 13 july 1922 . < ref > http : / / www . orderofdanilo . org / en / family / index . htm < / ref > | conference of ambassadors in paris . | the kingdom of yugoslavia was [[ invasion of yugoslavia | invaded ]] by the [[ axis powers ]] on 6 april 1941 . in 1943 , a democratic federal yugoslavia was | |||
| 15 | union on 13 july 1922 . < ref > http : / / www . orderofdanilo . org / en / family / index . htm < / ref > the | renamed [[ | kingdom of yugoslavia was [[ invasion of yugoslavia | invaded ]] by the [[ axis powers ]] on 6 april 1941 . in 1943 , a democratic federal yugoslavia was proclaimed | ||||
| 578738507 | 1 | 300px | general location of yugoslavia . established with the [[ treaty of rapallo , 1920 | treaty of rapallo ]] < ref name = " spencer tucker 2005 " > | ' ' jugoslavija ' ' , југославија ) , formed in 1918 {{ efn - lr | the [[ yugoslav committee ]] , led by [[ dalmatia ]] n [[ croats | croat ]] politician [[ ante trumbić ]] , lobbied the allies to support the creation of an independent south slavic state and delivered the proposal in the [[ corfu declaration ]] on 20 july 1917 . | ' ' ' cite error : the named reference spencer _ tucker _ 2005 was invoked but never defined ' ' ' < / ref > , the western border left | |||
| 2 | general location of yugoslavia . established with the [[ treaty of rapallo , 1920 | treaty of rapallo ]] < ref name = " spencer tucker 2005 " > ' ' | ' cite error | spencer tucker . | : the named reference spencer _ tucker _ 2005 was invoked but never defined ' ' ' < / ref > , the western border left a population of half a | |||
| 588344999 | 1 | , social , and military history ' ' . santa barbara , california , usa : abc - clio , 2005 . pp . 1189 . < / ref > }} | as | under | the ' ' kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ' ' , was a country in the western part of [[ southeast europe ]] during most of the 20th century | ||
| 8 | the conference of ambassadors in paris . < ref > http : / / www . orderofdanilo . org / en / family / index . htm < / ref > | the country was named after [[ south slavs | south slavic peoples ]] as their first union ever , after centuries - long rules of the [[ ottoman empire ]] and [[ austria - hungary ]] on these territories . | renamed [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] on 3 october 1929 , it was [[ invasion of yugoslavia | invaded ]] by the [[ axis powers ]] on 6 april 1941 . | ||||
| 12 | . stm | title = history , bloody history | publisher = bbc news | date = 24 march 1999 | accessdate = 29 december 2010 }} < / ref > | [[ breakup | of world war ii . the constituent six socialist republics and two socialist autonomous provinces that made up the country were [[ socialist republic of bosnia and herzegovina | sr bosnia | ||||
| 24 | http : / / www . fifoost . org / jugoslaw / yugo . pdf | publisher = ebrd country promotion programme | page = 3 }} < / ref > | from 1992 to 2000 , some countries , including the [[ united | montenegro themselves broke up in 2006 and became independent | states ]] , referred to the fry as " serbia and montenegro " . < ref name = " serbia and montenegro " > 1999 [[ cia ]] [[ world factbook | |||
| 36 | . stm | title = history , bloody history | publisher = bbc news | date = 24 march 1999 | accessdate = 29 december 2010 }} < / ref > | starting in 1991 , | yugoslavia disintegrated in the [[ yugoslav wars ]] . one of the successor states was also known as the [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( fry ) until 2003 . | ||||
| 610895932 | 2 | - % 205930 . pdf | title = croatia | publisher = shoah resource center – [[ yad vashem ]] | accessdate = 4 january 2010 }} < / ref > | = = = national liberation war = = = {{ main | national liberation war ( yugoslavia ) }} | from the start , the yugoslav resistance forces consisted of two factions : the communist - led [[ yugoslav partisans ]] and the royalist [[ chetniks ]] , with the former | |||
| 616725219 | 1 | ' ' the rape of serbia : the british role in tito ' s grab for power , 1943 - 1944 ' ' ( 1990 ) . < / ref > | < ref > {{ cite book | author1 = james r . arnold | author2 = roberta wiener | title = cold war : the essential reference guide | url = http : / / books . google . com / books ? id = xrd6y - oifpac & pg = pa216 | date = january 2012 | publisher = abc - clio | page = 216 }} < / ref > | the official yugoslav post - war estimate of [[ world war ii casualties | victims ]] in yugoslavia during world war ii is 1 , 704 , 000 . subsequent data | |||
| 622094154 | 0 | = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | | 1 | march 1 , 1992 | april 6 , 1992 {{ fact | date = august 2014 }} | march 1 | - | [[ croatia ]] | [[ zagreb ]] | | |||
| 3 | svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of croatia . svg | 40px ]] < center > | | 25 | june 25 , 1991 | october 8 , 1991 {{ fact | date = august 2014 }} | june 25 | - | [[ republic of kosovo | kosovo ]] | | ||||
| 13 | | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of montenegro . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | | 21 | may 21 , 2006 {{ fact | date = august 2014 }} | june 3 , 2006 {{ fact | date = august 2014 }} | may 21 | - | | ||||
| 16 | | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of serbia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | | 22 | may 22 , 2006 {{ fact | date = august 2014 }} | june 5 , 2006 {{ fact | date = august 2014 }} | february 15 | - | | ||||
| 19 | | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of slovenia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | | 25 | june 25 , 1991 | july 7 , 1991 ( after signing the [[ brioni agreement ]] ) | june 25 | } = = = succession , 1992 – 2003 | ||||
| 29 | svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of kosovo . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | | | february 17 , 2008 | no official recognition due to [[ international recognition of kosovo | ongoing kosovar sovereignty dispute ]] {{ fact | date = august 2014 }} | february | ||||
| 30 | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of kosovo . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | february | 17 , | 2008 | no official recognition due to [[ international recognition of kosovo | ongoing kosovar sovereignty dispute ]] {{ fact | date = august 2014 }} | february 17 | - | ||||
| 34 | | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of the republic of macedonia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | | | september 8 , 1991 | april 8 , 1993 {{ fact | date = august 2014 }} | september 8 | - | [[ montenegro ]] | [[ podgorica ]] | | ||||
| 656901506 | 31 | are the following : { | class = " sortable wikitable " ! [[ list of countries | name ]] ! ! [[ capital city | capital ]] ! ! [[ | flag ]] ! ! [[ | coat of arms ]] ! ! declared date of independence ! ! official state - recognised date of independence ! ! public holiday used to celebrate independence | - | [[ | |||
| 43 | - | [[ croatia ]] | [[ zagreb ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of croatia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | | < center > | [[ file : coat of arms of croatia . svg | 40px ]] < center > | 25 june 1991 | 8 october 1991 {{ citation needed | date = august | ||||
| 47 | - | [[ kosovo ]] | [[ pristina ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of kosovo . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | | < center > | [[ file : coat of arms of kosovo . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | 17 february 2008 | no official recognition due to [[ international recognition of | ||||
| 50 | of macedonia | macedonia ]] | [[ skopje ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of macedonia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | | < center > | [[ file : coat of arms of the republic of macedonia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | 8 september 1991 | 8 april 1993 {{ citation needed | ||||
| 54 | - | [[ montenegro ]] | [[ podgorica ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of montenegro . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | | < center > | [[ file : coat of arms of montenegro . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | 21 may 2006 {{ citation needed | date = august 2014 }} | | ||||
| 59 | - | [[ serbia ]] | [[ belgrade ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of serbia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | | < center > | [[ file : coat of arms of serbia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | 22 may 2006 {{ citation needed | date = august 2014 }} | | ||||
| 64 | - | [[ slovenia ]] | [[ ljubljana ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of slovenia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | | < center > | [[ file : coat of arms of slovenia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | 25 june 1991 | 7 july 1991 ( after signing the [[ brioni | ||||
| 702550312 | 9 | , the powers and eastern europe , 1918 – 1939 . ] , chapter 2 , ' ' mussolini , prisoner of the mediterranean ' ' < / ref > in | ' ' ' | [[ italy ]] . ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ serbo - croatian ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene | |||
| 702589142 | 9 | , the powers and eastern europe , 1918 – 1939 . ] , chapter 2 , ' ' mussolini , prisoner of the mediterranean ' ' < / ref > in | ' ' ' | [[ italy ]] ' ' ' . ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ serbo - croatian ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] , [[ slovene | |||
| 743994431 | 0 | economy . from 1500 to the present . | date = 2016 | publisher = cambridge university press | page = 64 | isbn = 9781107507180 }} < / ref > | at the same time , western economies went into recession , decreasing demand for yugoslavian imports , creating a large debt problem . | in 1989 , according to official sources , 248 firms were declared bankrupt or were liquidated and 89 , 400 workers were laid off . during the first nine months of | |||
| 772785812 | 0 | ]] | [[ file : coat of arms of kosovo . svg | 40px ]] | {{ dts | 17 february 2008 }} | not a member < br / > | < small > | ( status disputed ) | {{ dts | 17 february }} | } = = = succession , 1992 – 2003 = = = {{ multiple image | align = right | |||
| 778243092 | 0 | = max planck yearbook of united nations law | chapter = participation of former yugoslav states in the united nations | pages = 241 – 243 }} < / ref > | eventually | in 2000 , milosevic was trailed for the atrocities he committed and partook in during his ten year ruling in serbia and the yugoslavia war . < ref name = " : 0 " / > eventually | , after the [[ overthrow of slobodan milošević ]] from power as president of the federation in 2000 , the country dropped those aspirations , accepted the opinion of the [[ | ||
| 794643300 | 3 | 2000 , milosevic was prosecuted for atrocities committed in his ten - year rule in serbia and the yugoslavia war . < ref name = " : 0 " / > | eventually | & nbsp ; eventually | , after the [[ overthrow of slobodan milošević ]] from power as president of the federation in 2000 , the country dropped those aspirations , accepted the opinion of the [[ | ||
| 819801357 | 0 | - succession - issues - 2001 / | title = yugoslav agreement on succession issues ( 2001 ) | accessdate = 14 june 2012 }} < / ref > < ref | name = " successor agreement " | > {{ cite web | url = https : / / www . jstor . org / discover / 10 . 2307 / 20694208 ? uid = 3738200 & uid = | |||
| 819802470 | 9 | ]] | [[ file : coat of arms of serbia . svg | 40px ]] | {{ dts | 5 june 2006 }} < ref name = " jurist " > | {{ cite web | url = http : / / www . jurist . org / thisday / 2011 / 06 / serbia - declared - independence . php | title = serbia declared independence | publisher = jurist | | < small > | date = 5 june 2011 | accessdate = 18 june 2017 }} < / ref > | {{ dts | 01 11 2000 }} < br > < small > ( | ||
| 819821999 | 2 | pa26 | year = 2004 | publisher = multilingual matters | isbn = 978 - 1 - 85359 - 732 - 9 | pages = 26 }} < / ref > | < br / > ' ' ' 1945 - 1992 : ' ' ' < br / > [[ serbo - croatian ]] < br / > [[ slovene language | slovene ]] < br / > [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] | | government _ type = [[ constitutional monarchy ]] < br / > {{ small | ( 1918 – 1929 ; 1931 – 1945 ) }} < br > [[ absolute | |||
| 820074810 | 1 | quote = similarly , the 1921 constitution declared serbocroatoslovenian as the official and national language of the kingdom of serbs , croats , and slovenians . }} < / ref > | | footnote _ b = {{ note | ksv }} {{ kosovo - note }} | }} ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ serbo - croatian language | serbo - croatian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] , [[ macedonian language | | |||
| 820172521 | 1 | quote = similarly , the 1921 constitution declared serbocroatoslovenian as the official and national language of the kingdom of serbs , croats , and slovenians . }} < / ref > | | footnote _ b = {{ note | ksv }} {{ kosovo - note }} | }} ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ serbo - croatian language | serbo - croatian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] , [[ macedonian language | | |||
| 820178112 | 0 | / > југославија | common _ name = yugoslavia | continent = europe | region = southeastern europe | life _ span = 1918 – 1941 < br / > 1943 | - | / 45 – | 1992 | p1 = kingdom of serbia {{ ! }} serbia | flag _ p1 = state flag of serbia ( 1882 - 1918 ) . svg | p2 = state | ||
| 820178151 | 0 | / > југославија | common _ name = yugoslavia | continent = europe | region = southeastern europe | life _ span = 1918 – 1941 < br / > 1943 | / 45 | – 1992 | p1 = kingdom of serbia {{ ! }} serbia | flag _ p1 = state flag of serbia ( 1882 - 1918 ) . svg | p2 = | |||
| 841673571 | 0 | arbitration committee ]] about shared succession , and reapplied for and gained un membership on 2 november 2000 . < ref name = " ebrd country promotion programme " / > | ( | from 1992 to 2000 , some countries , including the united states , had referred to the fry as ' ' serbia and montenegro ' ' . < ref name = | |||
| 1 | factbook ]] : [ http : / / www . umsl . edu / services / govdocs / wofact99 / 265 . htm serbia and montenegro ] < / ref > | ) | in april 2001 , the five successor states extant at the time drafted an agreement on succession issues , signing the agreement in june 2001 . < ref > {{ cite | ||||
| 846351997 | 0 | factbook ]] : [ http : / / www . umsl . edu / services / govdocs / wofact99 / 265 . htm serbia and montenegro ] < / ref > | as they viewed its claim to yugoslavia ' s successorship as illegitimate | . < ref name = " serbia and montenegro " > 1999 [[ cia ]] [[ world factbook ]] : [ http : / / www . umsl . edu / | |||
| 4 | - succession - issues - 2001 / | title = yugoslav agreement on succession issues ( 2001 ) | accessdate = 14 june 2012 }} < / ref > < ref | name = " successor agreement " | > {{ cite web | url = https : / / www . jstor . org / discover / 10 . 2307 / 20694208 ? uid = 3738200 & uid = | ||||
| 847189388 | 0 | = yugoslavia | continent = europe | era = 20th century | region = southeastern europe | life _ span = 1918 – 1941 < br / > 1945 – 1992 | < br / > {{ nowrap | | status = [[ yugoslav government - in - exile | government - in - exile ]] ( 1941 – 1945 ) | p1 = kingdom of serbia | flag _ | |||
| 848178566 | 0 | = yugoslavia | continent = europe | era = 20th century | region = southeastern europe | life _ span = 1918 – 1941 < br / > 1945 – 1992 | < br / > {{ nowrap | | status = [[ yugoslav government - in - exile | government - in - exile ]] ( 1941 – 1945 ) | p1 = kingdom of serbia | flag _ | |||
| 857748479 | 3 | : flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | 120px | border ]] | flag _ type = top : flag ( 1918 – 1941 ) < br / > bottom : | flag | / small > < | ( 1945 – 1992 ) | flag _ border = | image _ coat = [[ file : coat of arms of the kingdom of yugoslavia . svg | 70px ]] | ||
| 8 | rusyn language | pannonian rusyn ]] : {{ lang | rue | югославия }} , < small > [[ transcription ( linguistics ) | transcr . ]] < / small > | ' ' | {{ transl | rue | | juhoslavija ' ' ) < ref group = note > {{ lang - sq | jugosllavia }} ; {{ lang - hu | jugoszlávia }} ; {{ lang - sk | | |||
| 9 | pannonian rusyn ]] : {{ lang | rue | югославия }} , < small > [[ transcription ( linguistics ) | transcr . ]] < / small > ' ' juhoslavija | ' ' | }} | ) < ref group = note > {{ lang - sq | jugosllavia }} ; {{ lang - hu | jugoszlávia }} ; {{ lang - sk | juhoslávia }} ; |
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| 44515412 | 0 | [[ noel malcolm ]] – ' ' bosnia – a short history ' ' ( macmillan , 1994 ) = = external links = = * [ http : / / | wwww | www | . southslavs . com the origin of the south slavs ] * [ http : / / www . hirhome . com / yugo / milospeech . htm " how politicians |
| 47183239 | 1 | malcolm }} [[ noel malcolm ]] – ' ' bosnia – a short history ' ' ( macmillan , 1994 ) = = external links = = * [ http : | / / www | 70 | . southslavs . com the origin of the south slavs ] * [ http : / / www . hirhome . com / yugo / milospeech . htm " how politicians |
| 184062418 | 7 | ]] the enemies of the state . consequently , concentration camps such as jasenovac modelled on similar institutions in occupied europe where established . < ref > http : / / | www | en | . jasenovac . org / whatwasjasenovac . php < / ref > . < ref > http : / / www . pww . org / article / articleprint / 10551 |
| 404877640 | 3 | the european union , with the hopes of gaining eu candidate status by 2009 , although it has yet to be accepted . < ref > [ http : / / | euobserver | www | . com / 9 / 27301 montenegro files eu membership application ] . < / ref > the remaining three republics have yet to apply so their acceptance generally is not |
| 537097237 | 5 | [[ united nations security council resolution 777 | denied its request to automatically continue the membership of the former state ]] . < ref > {{ cite book | url = | http : | " mpil . de " | / / www . mpil . de / shared / data / pdf / pdfmpunyb / wood _ 1 . pdf | title = max planck yearbook of united nations law |
| 686237393 | 0 | of half a million [[ south slavs ]] < ref name = " hehnp _ low _ dishonest _ decade " > hehn , paul n . ( 2005 ) [ | http | https | : / / books . google . com / books ? id = noalhezkydkc & pg = pa45 & dq = % 22the + treaty + left + half + a |
| 1 | . the effect of alexander ' s dictatorship was to further alienate the non - serbs from the idea of unity . < ref > {{ cite book | url = | http | https | : / / books . google . com / books ? id = xcp7oxqe0fmc & pg = pa624 | title = the balkans since 1453 | page = 624 }} < | |
| 2 | < ref > {{ cite book | author1 = james r . arnold | author2 = roberta wiener | title = cold war : the essential reference guide | url = | http | https | : / / books . google . com / books ? id = xrd6y - oifpac & pg = pa216 | date = january 2012 | publisher = abc - clio | |
| 3 | = " books . google . com " > {{ cite book | author1 = arnold and wiener | title = cold war : the essential reference guide | url = | http | https | : / / books . google . com / books ? id = xrd6y - oifpac & pg = pa216 | year = 2012 | | page = 216 }} < | |
| 4 | cite book | author1 = john o . iatrides | author2 = linda wrigley | title = greece at the crossroads : the civil war and its legacy | url = | http | https | : / / books . google . com / books ? id = vv1t3d _ 3vjkc & pg = pa267 | year = 2004 | publisher = penn state university press | |
| 5 | marshall plan . < ref > {{ cite book | author = john r . lampe | title = yugoslav - american economic relations since world war ii | url = | http | https | : / / books . google . com / books ? id = epmof1l0ibac & pg = pa28 | year = 1990 | publisher = duke university press | pages = | |
| 6 | and legitimation , 1918 – 2005 | publisher = indiana university press | location = bloomington | isbn = 978 - 0 - 253 - 34656 - 8 | url = | http | https | : / / books . google . com / books ? id = ftw3leqi2 - oc & printsec = frontcover | ref = harv }} * [[ walter roberts ( writer | |
| 7 | / ohr - info / maps / maps ] * {{ cite americana | wstitle = jugoslavia | author = milivoy s . stanoyevich | short = x }} * [ | http | https | : / / books . google . com / books ? id = - 84 _ kkgmf2qc & printsec = frontcover & dq = yugoslavia & lr = & hl = | |
| 736681850 | 0 | links = = {{ commons category | yugoslavia }} {{ wikiquote | yugoslavia }} {{ wiktionary | yugoslavia }} {{ eb1922 poster }} * {{ wikiatlas | yugoslavia }} * [ | http | https | : / / web . archive . org / web / 20120212164932 / http : / / www . ohr . int : 80 / ohr % 2dinfo / maps / |
| 788065589 | 0 | ]] ! [[ flag ]] ! [[ coat of arms ]] ! declared date of independence ! [[ united nations ]] membership < ref > {{ cite web | url = | http | https | : / / www . un . org / en / member - states / | title = member states | publisher = united nations }} < / ref > | |
| 801323312 | 0 | | title = yugoslav agreement on succession issues ( 2001 ) | accessdate = 14 june 2012 }} < / ref > < ref > {{ cite web | url = | http | https | : / / www . jstor . org / discover / 10 . 2307 / 20694208 ? uid = 3738200 & uid = 2129 & uid = 2 & uid = |
| 1 | ( harvest book ) , 1997 * pavlowitch , steven . ' ' hitler ' s new disorder : the second world war in yugoslavia ' ' ( 2008 ) [ | http | https | : / / www . amazon . com / hitlers - new - disorder - yugoslavia - columbia / dp / 0231700504 / excerpt and text search ] * {{ cite |
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| 9383013 | 5 | economic liberalization ( such as [[ perestroika ]] ) , to leave the congress in protest , and marked a culmination in the rift of the ruling party . following the | " | [[ fall of communism ]] in [[ eastern europe ]] and in yugoslavia , each of the republics elected a new government democratically , but the unresolved issues remained . in | |
| 26468715 | 1 | [[ ivica račan ]] , respectively ) , who instead favored more economic liberalization ( such as [[ perestroika ]] ) , to leave the congress in protest . following the | " [[ | fall of communism ]] " in the rest of [[ eastern europe ]] , each of the republics elected a new government democratically , but the unresolved issues remained . in | |
| 63517403 | 67 | as well as unification with albania . in 1989 jeffrey sachs was in yugoslavia helping the federal government under [[ ante marković ]] prepare the imf / world bank shock therapy | " | package , which was then introduced in 1990 just at the time when the crucial parliamentary elections were being held in the various republics . one aspect of yugoslavia ' s | |
| 70 | package , which was then introduced in 1990 just at the time when the crucial parliamentary elections were being held in the various republics . one aspect of yugoslavia ' s | " | shock therapy programme was both unique within the region and of great political importance in 1989 - 90 . the bankruptcy law to liquidate state enterprises was enacted in the 1989 | ||
| 71 | which was then introduced in 1990 just at the time when the crucial parliamentary elections were being held in the various republics . one aspect of yugoslavia ' s shock therapy | " | programme was both unique within the region and of great political importance in 1989 - 90 . the bankruptcy law to liquidate state enterprises was enacted in the 1989 financial operations | ||
| 88 | . this level of support showed how much of the yugoslav population remained strongly committed to the state ' s preservation . but marković had coupled his yugoslavism with the imf | " | shock therapy programme and ec conditionality and it was this which gave the separatists in the north west and the nationalists in serbia their opening . the appeal of the separatists | ||
| 89 | level of support showed how much of the yugoslav population remained strongly committed to the state ' s preservation . but marković had coupled his yugoslavism with the imf shock therapy | " | programme and ec conditionality and it was this which gave the separatists in the north west and the nationalists in serbia their opening . the appeal of the separatists in slovenia | ||
| 92 | the separatists in slovenia and croatia to their electorates involved offering to repudiate the marković - imf austerity and by doing so help their republics prepare to leave yugoslavia altogether and | ' | " | join europe ' . the appeal of milosević in serbia was based around the idea that the west was acting against the serbian people ' s interests . these nationalist appeals | |
| 93 | slovenia and croatia to their electorates involved offering to repudiate the marković - imf austerity and by doing so help their republics prepare to leave yugoslavia altogether and ' join europe | ' | " | . the appeal of milosević in serbia was based around the idea that the west was acting against the serbian people ' s interests . these nationalist appeals were ultimately successful | |
| 97 | efforts to the break - up of the country . they were aided by the us government ' s stance of sidelining yugoslav cohesion in favour of pushing ahead with the | " | shock therapy programme . indeed , it is likely that the internal dynamics towards yugoslav collapse into civil war may have been inadvertently accelerated by the actions of the [[ george | ||
| 98 | the break - up of the country . they were aided by the us government ' s stance of sidelining yugoslav cohesion in favour of pushing ahead with the shock therapy | " | programme . indeed , it is likely that the internal dynamics towards yugoslav collapse into civil war may have been inadvertently accelerated by the actions of the [[ george h . | ||
| 63521475 | 22 | states eager to gain independence for slovenia and croatia ; on the other side was the united states , eager to ensure that yugoslavia paid its debts to western banks and | ' | " | globalised ' its political economy through shock therapy in order to ensure a regime in the country open for the western multinationals . the forces eager to see the break - |
| 23 | to gain independence for slovenia and croatia ; on the other side was the united states , eager to ensure that yugoslavia paid its debts to western banks and ' globalised | ' | " | its political economy through shock therapy in order to ensure a regime in the country open for the western multinationals . the forces eager to see the break - up of | |
| 24 | and croatia ; on the other side was the united states , eager to ensure that yugoslavia paid its debts to western banks and ' globalised ' its political economy through | " | shock therapy in order to ensure a regime in the country open for the western multinationals . the forces eager to see the break - up of yugoslavia through independence for | ||
| 25 | ; on the other side was the united states , eager to ensure that yugoslavia paid its debts to western banks and ' globalised ' its political economy through shock therapy | " | in order to ensure a regime in the country open for the western multinationals . the forces eager to see the break - up of yugoslavia through independence for slovenia and | ||
| 56 | unity as did britain and france . but for the us unity was not the main thing : its policy was principally governed by its concern to ensure the imposition of | " | shock therapy on the country as a whole via the imf . the only european states which did have a strategic interest in the yugoslav theatre tended to want to break | ||
| 57 | did britain and france . but for the us unity was not the main thing : its policy was principally governed by its concern to ensure the imposition of shock therapy | " | on the country as a whole via the imf . the only european states which did have a strategic interest in the yugoslav theatre tended to want to break it up | ||
| 74593441 | 1 | 20th century ]] on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in [[ europe ]] . translated , the name means ' ' land of the south [[ slavs ]] ' ' ( | ' ' | " | jug ' ' means south ) . the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' , also known as the first yugoslavia , was a [[ monarchy |
| 2 | on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in [[ europe ]] . translated , the name means ' ' land of the south [[ slavs ]] ' ' ( ' ' jug | ' ' means | " meaning " | south ) . the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' , also known as the first yugoslavia , was a [[ monarchy | kingdom ]] formed | |
| 3 | peninsula ]] in [[ europe ]] . translated , the name means ' ' land of the south [[ slavs ]] ' ' ( ' ' jug ' ' means south | " | ) . the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' , also known as the first yugoslavia , was a [[ monarchy | kingdom ]] formed in | ||
| 76003356 | 1 | the basis for post - war organisation of the country , establishing a federation ( this date was celebrated as republic day after the war ) . = = = the | " | liberation " of yugoslavia = = = the nla was able to expel the axis from serbia in [[ 1944 ]] and the rest of yugoslavia in [[ 1945 ]] . | |
| 80313028 | 12 | croatian spring ]] of [[ 1970 ]] - [[ 1971 ]] , when students in [[ zagreb ]] organized demonstrations for greater civil liberties and greater [[ croatia ]] n autonomy | " | . the regime stifled the public protest and incarcerated the leaders , but many key croatian representatives in the party silently supported this cause , so a new [[ constitution of | |
| 29 | administration which , in [[ 1984 ]] , had adopted a " [[ shock _ therapy _ ( economics ) | shock therapy ]] " proposal to push yugoslavia towards a | " | capitalist restoration . this , naturally , undermined a central pillar of the state : the socialist link between the communist party and the working class . the forms and effects | ||
| 80313856 | 21 | [[ 1970 ]] - [[ 1971 ]] , when students in [[ zagreb ]] organized demonstrations hiding behind slogans about " greater civil liberties and greater [[ croatia ]] n autonomy | " | . the government stifled the public protest , which was led by defeated ustaše , known nazist collaborators during the wwii , and arrested the leaders , but many key croatian | |
| 34 | reagan ]] administration in [[ 1984 ]] , had adopted a " [[ shock _ therapy _ ( economics ) | shock therapy ]] " proposal to push yugoslavia towards a | " | capitalist restoration " . but then , that was to be expected after four decades of relentless criminal activities that had only one goal in sight . destruction of socialism because | ||
| 80543661 | 2 | of national identities escalated with the so - called [[ croatian spring ]] of [[ 1970 ]] - [[ 1971 ]] , when students in [[ zagreb ]] organized demonstrations for | " | greater civil liberties and greater [[ croatia ]] n autonomy . the regime stifled the public protest and incarcerated the leaders , but many key croatian representatives in the party silently | |
| 3 | croatian spring ]] of [[ 1970 ]] - [[ 1971 ]] , when students in [[ zagreb ]] organized demonstrations for greater civil liberties and greater [[ croatia ]] n autonomy | " | . the regime stifled the public protest and incarcerated the leaders , but many key croatian representatives in the party silently supported this cause , so a new [[ constitution of | ||
| 80546176 | 4 | administration which , in [[ 1984 ]] , had adopted a " [[ shock _ therapy _ ( economics ) | shock therapy ]] " proposal to push yugoslavia towards a | " | capitalist restoration . this , naturally , undermined a central pillar of the state : the socialist link between the communist party and the working class . the forms and effects | |
| 80546909 | 49 | - called [[ croatian spring ]] of [[ 1970 ]] - [[ 1971 ]] , when students in [[ zagreb ]] organized demonstrations , supported heavilly by the west , for | " | greater civil liberties and greater [[ croatia ]] n autonomy " . the government stifled the destabilising and unfounded protest and incarcerated the leaders , but many key croatian representatives in | |
| 50 | [[ 1971 ]] , when students in [[ zagreb ]] organized demonstrations , supported heavilly by the west , for " greater civil liberties and greater [[ croatia ]] n autonomy | " | . the government stifled the destabilising and unfounded protest and incarcerated the leaders , but many key croatian representatives in the party , already corrupted and secretly financially supported by imperialist | ||
| 56 | administration which , in [[ 1984 ]] , had adopted a " [[ shock _ therapy _ ( economics ) | shock therapy ]] " proposal to push yugoslavia towards a | " | capitalist restoration " that resulted in a dissolution in horrific war that followed . this , naturally , undermined a central pillar of the society : the socialist link between the | ||
| 82799705 | 7 | which , in [[ 1984 ]] , had adopted a " [[ shock _ therapy _ ( economics ) | shock therapy ]] " proposal to push yugoslavia towards a capitalist | " | restoration . this , naturally , undermined a central pillar of the state : the socialist link between the communist party and the working class . the forms and effects of | |
| 8 | , in [[ 1984 ]] , had adopted a " [[ shock _ therapy _ ( economics ) | shock therapy ]] " proposal to push yugoslavia towards a capitalist restoration | " | . this , naturally , undermined a central pillar of the state : the socialist link between the communist party and the working class . the forms and effects of this | ||
| 82813167 | 15 | imf / [[ world bank group | world bank ]] " [[ shock _ therapy _ ( economics ) | shock therapy ]] " proposal to push yugoslavia towards a capitalist | " | restoration " . this , naturally , undermined a central pillar of the state : the socialist link between the communist party and the working class . the forms and effects | |
| 16 | [[ world bank group | world bank ]] " [[ shock _ therapy _ ( economics ) | shock therapy ]] " proposal to push yugoslavia towards a capitalist " restoration | " | . this , naturally , undermined a central pillar of the state : the socialist link between the communist party and the working class . the forms and effects of this | ||
| 83862003 | 9 | also known as the first yugoslavia , was a [[ monarchy | kingdom ]] formed on [[ december 1 ]] , [[ 1918 ]] , which was originally formed as the | ' ' | " | kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ' ' . it was re - named on [[ january 6 ]] , [[ 1929 ]] by king [[ alexander i of yugoslavia |
| 17 | world war ii ]] in [[ november 29 ]] [[ 1945 ]] as the succesor state to the kingdom of yugoslavia . it existed under various names . proclaimed as the | ' ' | " | democratic federation of yugoslavia ( dfy ) ' ' in [[ 1943 ]] . it changed its name to the ' ' federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ( fpry | |
| 20 | it existed under various names . proclaimed as the ' ' democratic federation of yugoslavia ( dfy ) ' ' in [[ 1943 ]] . it changed its name to the | ' ' | " | federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ( fpry ) ' ' in [[ 1946 ]] . in [[ 1963 ]] it would again change its name to the ' ' | |
| 110340242 | 7 | , where they began work on forming a yugoslav committee . their mission was to represent the south slavs of the empire , and they chose london as their headquarters . | = = = the yugoslav committee = = = the [[ yugoslav committee ]] | " | ( ' ' jugoslavenski odbor ' ' ) was officially formed on [[ april 30 ]] , [[ 1915 ]] in [[ london ]] , and began to raise funds , |
| 110342951 | 7 | , where they began work on forming a yugoslav committee . their mission was to represent the south slavs of the empire , and they chose london as their headquarters . | " | = = = the yugoslav committee = = = the [[ yugoslav committee ]] | ( blair , t . " the new - labour manifesto " ) furthermore , the latin name for yugoslavia - " comtominus " - is literally translated to mean sub |
| 135161400 | 5 | flag of slovenia | slovenian flag ]] . the following day ( [[ june 26 ]] ) , the federal executive council speifically ordered the army to take control of the | " | internationally recognized borders . the [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] forces , based in barracks in slovenia and croatia , attempted to carry out the task within next 48 | |
| 158105237 | 0 | service ( crs ) reports regarding yugoslavia ] * [ http : / / www . foia . cia . gov / cpe / esau / esau - 46 . pdf | " | yugoslavia , the outworn structure ( cia report from november 1970 ) ] * [ http : / / news . bbc . co . uk / go / pr / | |
| 2 | regarding yugoslavia ] * [ http : / / www . foia . cia . gov / cpe / esau / esau - 46 . pdf yugoslavia , the outworn structure | " | ( cia report from november 1970 ) ] * [ http : / / news . bbc . co . uk / go / pr / fr / - / 1 | ||
| 174846642 | 0 | | latin alphabet ]] , ' ' југославија ' ' in [[ cyrillic alphabet | cyrillic ]] ; [[ english language | english ]] : [[ south slavia ]] , or | literary | literaly | ' ' the land of [[ south slavs ]] ' ' ) describes three political entities that existed one at a time on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , |
| 175635726 | 0 | | latin alphabet ]] , ' ' југославија ' ' in [[ cyrillic alphabet | cyrillic ]] ; [[ english language | english ]] : [[ south slavia ]] , or | literaly | literally | ' ' the land of [[ south slavs ]] ' ' ) describes three political entities that existed one at a time on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , |
| 177755721 | 0 | cohen , lenard j . : ' ' broken bonds : the disintegration of yugoslavia ' ' . boulder , co : westview press , 1993 * conversi , daniele : | " | ' ' | german - bashing and the breakup of yugoslavia " , the donald w . treadgold papers in russian , east european and central asian studies , no . 16 , march |
| 1 | bonds : the disintegration of yugoslavia ' ' . boulder , co : westview press , 1993 * conversi , daniele : " german - bashing and the breakup of yugoslavia | " | ' ' | , the donald w . treadgold papers in russian , east european and central asian studies , no . 16 , march 1998 ( university of washington : hmj school of | |
| 5 | berg , new york 2004 , isbn 1 - 85973 - 802 - 8 ; isbn 1 - 85973 - 807 - 9 * [[ lampe , john r ]] : | " | ' ' | yugoslavia as history : twice there was a country ' ' great britain , cambridge , 1996 , isbn 0 521 46705 5 * owen , david : ' ' balkan | |
| 7 | : ' ' safe area gorazde : the war in eastern bosnia 1992 - 1995 ' ' . fantagraphics books , january 2002 * silber , laura and allan little : | " | ' ' | yugoslavia : death of a nation . " new york : penguin books , 1997 * [[ rebecca west | west , rebecca ]] : ' ' black lamb and gray | |
| 14 | x * [ http : / / www . time . com / time / magazine / article / 0 , 9171 , 796967 , 00 . html new power ] | " | * anne marie du preez bezdrob : ' ' | sarajevo roses : war memoirs of a peacekeeper . " anne marie du preez bezdrob . oshun , 2002 . isbn 177007031 = = legacy = = = = = new | |
| 18 | war in eastern bosnia 1992 - 1995 ' ' . fantagraphics books , january 2002 * silber , laura and allan little : " yugoslavia : death of a nation . | " | new york : penguin books , 1997 * [[ rebecca west | west , rebecca ]] : ' ' black lamb and gray falcon : a journey through yugoslavia ' ' | ||
| 193472193 | 0 | | right | 200px | general location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( | ' ' | " | jugoslavija ' ' in the [[ gaj ' s latin alphabet | latin alphabet ]] , ' ' југославија ' ' in [[ cyrillic alphabet | cyrillic ]] ; [[ english |
| 1 | 200px | general location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( ' ' jugoslavija | ' ' | " | in the [[ gaj ' s latin alphabet | latin alphabet ]] , ' ' југославија ' ' in [[ cyrillic alphabet | cyrillic ]] ; [[ english language | english | |
| 2 | varied over the years ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( ' ' jugoslavija ' ' in the [[ gaj ' s latin alphabet | latin alphabet ]] , | ' ' | " | југославија ' ' in [[ cyrillic alphabet | cyrillic ]] ; [[ english language | english ]] : [[ south slavia ]] , or literally ' ' the land of [[ | |
| 3 | years ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( ' ' jugoslavija ' ' in the [[ gaj ' s latin alphabet | latin alphabet ]] , ' ' југославија | ' ' | " | in [[ cyrillic alphabet | cyrillic ]] ; [[ english language | english ]] : [[ south slavia ]] , or literally ' ' the land of [[ south slavs ]] | |
| 206808719 | 4 | " jugoslavija " in the [[ gaj ' s latin alphabet | latin alphabet ]] , " југославија " in [[ cyrillic ]] ; [[ english language | english ]] : | ' ' | " | south slavia ' ' , or literally ' ' the land of [[ south slavs ]] ' ' ) describes three political entities that existed successively on the [[ balkan peninsula |
| 5 | the [[ gaj ' s latin alphabet | latin alphabet ]] , " југославија " in [[ cyrillic ]] ; [[ english language | english ]] : ' ' south slavia | ' ' | " | , or literally ' ' the land of [[ south slavs ]] ' ' ) describes three political entities that existed successively on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , | |
| 231803887 | 9 | [[ serbian cyrillic alphabet | cyrillic alphabet ]] ) and in [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] ; [[ english language | english ]] : " south slavia " , or | literally ' ' the | " | land of [[ south slavs ]] ' ' ) describes three political entities that existed successively on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in [[ europe ]] , during most of the |
| 29 | country to be known by this name was the " [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] " , which before [[ 3 october ]] , [[ 1929 ]] was known as the | " | kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes " . it was established on [[ 1 december ]] , [[ 1918 ]] by the union of the [[ state of slovenes , | ||
| 33 | name was the " democratic federal yugoslavia " , proclaimed in 1943 by the [[ communist ]] resistance movement in [[ world war ii ]] . it was renamed to the | " | federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia " in 1946 , when a communist government was established . in 1963 , it was renamed again to the " [[ socialist federal | ||
| 40 | and metohija ( 1990 - 1999 ) | kosovo ]] ) and [[ montenegro ]] . on [[ february 4 ]] , [[ 2003 ]] , it was renamed to the | " | [[ state union of serbia and montenegro ]] " , and officially abolished the name " yugoslavia . " on [[ june 3 ]] and [[ june 5 ]] , [[ | ||
| 231810308 | 26 | hungarian empire ]] fled to [[ london ]] , where they began work on forming the [[ yugoslav committee ]] to represent the southern slavs of austria - hungary . these | " | yugoslavs " were [[ serbs ]] , [[ croats ]] , and [[ slovenes ]] who identified themselves with the movement toward a single yugoslav or south slavic state and the | |
| 507481081 | 3 | < http : / / en . wikipedia . org / wiki / walter _ r _ roberts > " tito , mihailovic , and the allies : 1941 – 1945 | " | ' ' | . duke university press , 1987 ; isbn 0 - 8223 - 0773 - 1 * sacco , joe : ' ' safe area gorazde : the war in eastern bosnia |
| 537097237 | 7 | of [[ badinter arbitration committee ]] about shared succession , and reapplied for and gained un membership on 2 november 2000 . < ref > {{ cite web | title = | fr yugoslavia investment profile 2001 | url = http : / / www . fifoost . org / jugoslaw / yugo . pdf | publisher = | " | ebrd country promotion programme | page = 3 }} < / ref > from 1992 to 2000 , some countries , including the united states , referred to the federal republic |
| 620300269 | 2 | focused on a strong central government under the control of the communist party , and on recognition of the multiple nationalities . < ref > {{ cite book | author1 = | arnold and wiener | title = cold war : the essential reference guide | url = http : / / | " | books . google . com / books ? id = xrd6y - oifpac & pg = pa216 | year = 2012 | | page = 216 }} < / ref > |
| 3 | {{ cite book | author1 = arnold and wiener | title = cold war : the essential reference guide | url = http : / / books . google . com | " | / books ? id = xrd6y - oifpac & pg = pa216 | year = 2012 | | page = 216 }} < / ref > { | class = " |
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| 247935764 | 1 | ]] from the [[ cisleithania | austrian ]] part , and the crown province of [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] . = = kingdom of yugoslavia = = [[ image : | jugo - slavia , 1919 | flag of the kingdom of yugoslavia | . png | thumb | 200px | right | map of yugoslavia in 1919 showing the provisional borders in the [[ aftermath of world war i ]] before the treaties of |
| 254441345 | 0 | as an independent country is [[ 2008 _ kosovo _ declaration _ of _ independence # international _ reaction | in dispute ]] ) < / center > image : flag | of former yugoslav republic | of macedonia . svg | < center > [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] < / center > image : flag of montenegro . svg | < center > [[ | |
| 254442227 | 3 | as an independent country is [[ 2008 _ kosovo _ declaration _ of _ independence # international _ reaction | in dispute ]] ) < / center > image : flag | of former yugoslav republic | of macedonia . svg | < center > [[ former yugoslav republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] < / center > image : flag of montenegro . svg | < center | |
| 266322892 | 0 | [[ skopje ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of macedonia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : | republic - of - macedonia - | coat of arms of the republic of macedonia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | [[ montenegro ]] | style = " font - size : | |
| 266323076 | 0 | ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of the sr macedonia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : | republic - of - macedonia - | coat of arms of the republic of macedonia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | 4 . [[ socialist republic of montenegro ]] | style = | |
| 286369241 | 0 | ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of the sr macedonia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : | coat _ of _ arms _ of _ the _ | republic - of - macedonia - coat - of - arms . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | 4 . [[ socialist republic of montenegro ]] | |
| 3 | [[ skopje ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of macedonia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : | coat _ of _ arms _ of _ the _ | republic - of - macedonia - coat - of - arms . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | [[ montenegro ]] | style = " font | ||
| 288717184 | 0 | ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of the sr macedonia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : | coat _ of _ arms _ of _ the _ republic _ of _ macedonia | coat of arms of the republic of macedonia | . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | 4 . [[ socialist republic of montenegro ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; |
| 1 | [[ skopje ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of macedonia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : | coat _ of _ arms _ of _ the _ republic _ of _ macedonia | coat of arms of the republic of macedonia | . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | [[ montenegro ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ podgorica ]] | |
| 318046156 | 3 | zagreb ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of sr croatia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : | | | [[ socialist republic of croatia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ zagreb ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of | |
| 19 | [[ socialist autonomous province of vojvodina ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ novi sad ]] | < center > [[ file : | width | : flag of sr serbia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : sr serbia coa . png | 40px ]] | ||
| 36 | [[ socialist autonomous province of vojvodina ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ novi sad ]] | < center > [[ file : | flag of sr | serbia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : sr serbia coa . png | 40px ]] < / center > | ||
| 326164171 | 0 | [[ skopje ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of macedonia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : | new | coat of arms of the republic of macedonia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | [[ montenegro ]] | style = " font - size : | |
| 326414659 | 0 | [[ skopje ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of macedonia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : | new | coat of arms of the republic of macedonia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | [[ montenegro ]] | style = " font - size : | |
| 343725873 | 0 | : flag of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | 70px ]] < / center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : | coat of arms of | bosnia and herzegovina coats of arms modified . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | [[ croatia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 | |
| 375033988 | 0 | = breakup = = = [[ file : breakup of yugoslavia . gif | thumb | right | 250px | breakup of [[ sfr yugoslavia ]] . ]] [[ file : | slobodan _ | milosevic - 1 . jpg | thumb | 150px | right | serbian president [[ slobodan milošević ]] ' s unequivocal desire to uphold the unity of serbs , a status | |
| 385373143 | 0 | zagreb ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of sr croatia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : | sr _ croatia _ | coa of sr croatia . png | 40px ]] < center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : sfry croatia . | |
| 1 | ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of sr croatia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coa | of sr croatia | . png | 40px ]] < center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : sfry croatia . png | 60px ]] | ||
| 394554278 | 0 | zagreb ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of sr croatia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : | sr _ croatia _ coa | sr croatia coa | . png | 40px ]] < center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : sfry croatia . png | 60px ]] |
| 492545273 | 5 | 3 | [[ socialist republic of macedonia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ skopje ]] | < center > [[ file : | flag | socialist republic of croatia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | of the sr macedonia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : |
| 493757717 | 0 | flag of sr serbia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : | sr | coat of arms of the socialist republic of | serbia coa . png | 40px ]] < / center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : sfry serbia . png |
| 496003280 | 0 | formed * november 1995 , [[ dayton agreement ]] is signed by leaders of fr yugoslavia , bosnia and herzegovina and croatia = = new states = = [[ file : | former | map of war in | yugoslavia 2008 . png | 300px | thumb | right | states and entities on the former territory of yugoslavia , 2008 . ]] countries that emerged from the former yugoslavia |
| 516853295 | 0 | to the collapse of yugoslavia in 1991 . < ref name = " atheism . about . com " / > = = = government = = = [[ file : | marsal | josip broz | tito . jpg | thumb | 150px | right | marshal [[ josip broz tito ]] ]] on 7 april 1963 , the nation changed its official name to [[ socialist |
| 547327217 | 6 | socialist republic of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : | ' ' ' | : sfry bosnia and herzegovina . png | 60px ]] < / center > | - | 2 | [[ socialist republic of croatia ]] | style = " font - | |
| 568190836 | 1 | }} {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} [[ file : location | yugoslavia | map | . png | thumb | right | 300px | general location of yugoslavia . the italian border changed after world war ii . ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' |
| 583579699 | 0 | ljubljana ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of sr slovenia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : | sr | coat of arms of the socialist republic of | slovenia coa . png | 40px ]] < / center > | } in 1947 , negotiations between yugoslavia and bulgaria were led and finalized with the [[ bled agreement ]] |
| 583581227 | 0 | podgorica ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of sr montenegro . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : | sr | coat of arms of the socialist republic of | montenegro coa . png | 40px ]] < / center > | - | [[ socialist republic of serbia ]] : {{ smaller | [[ socialist autonomous province of kosovo ]] |
| 772701137 | 11 | ' < br / > хеј , словени < br / > {{ small | " hey , slavs " }} < br / > {{ center | [[ file : | united states navy band - hey , slavs . ogg ]] }} | common _ languages = [[ serbo - croatian ]] {{ ref label | d | d }} < br / > [[ slovene language | slovene ]] {{ ref label | e | e }} < br / > [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] {{ ref label | f | f }} | religion = | demonym = [[ yugoslavs | yugoslav ]] | currency = [[ yugoslav dinar ]] | | on [[ november 25 ]] , [[ 1942 ]] , the [[ avnoj | anti - fascist council of national liberation of yugoslavia ]] ( ' ' antifašističko vijeće narodnog oslobođenja | |
| 169502513 | 0 | their independence , thereby ending the last remnants of the former yugoslav federation . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} | this country is named after ilna and shishi | ideas for a single state for all [[ south slavs | south slavic peoples ]] emerged in the late 17th century and gained prominence in the 19th century [[ illyrian movement | |
| 169604398 | 0 | their independence , thereby ending the last remnants of the former yugoslav federation . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} | this country is named after ilna and shishi | ideas for a single state for all [[ south slavs | south slavic peoples ]] emerged in the late 17th century and gained prominence in the 19th century [[ illyrian movement | |
| 171419557 | 0 | , the launch of [[ operation barbarossa ]] was delayed by four weeks , which proved to be a costly decision . ) {{ fact | date = october 2007 }} | but hey everybody my article is disputed . | = = yugoslavia during the second world war = = {{ seealso | participants in world war ii # yugoslavia }} = = = the invasion of yugoslavia = = = | |
| 171547692 | 1 | , the launch of [[ operation barbarossa ]] was delayed by four weeks , which proved to be a costly decision . ) {{ fact | date = october 2007 }} | but hey everybody my article is disputed . | = = yugoslavia during the second world war = = {{ seealso | participants in world war ii # yugoslavia }} = = = the invasion of yugoslavia = = = | |
| 171547858 | 0 | their independence , thereby ending the last remnants of the former yugoslav federation . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} | {{ pov }} | ideas for a single state for all [[ south slavs | south slavic peoples ]] emerged in the late 17th century and gained prominence in the 19th century [[ illyrian movement | |
| 171547894 | 0 | their independence , thereby ending the last remnants of the former yugoslav federation . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} | {{ pov }} | ideas for a single state for all [[ south slavs | south slavic peoples ]] emerged in the late 17th century and gained prominence in the 19th century [[ illyrian movement | |
| 175991488 | 0 | 2 < / ref > = = = = resistance movements = = = = {{ pov }} {{ main | yugoslav people ' s liberation war }} yugoslavs opposing the | [[ nazism | nazis ]] | bogger eatersá | organized a resistance movement . those inclined towards supporting the old kingdom of yugoslavia joined the [[ yugoslav army in the fatherland ]] , also known as the chetniks , a |
| 175991613 | 0 | 2 < / ref > = = = = resistance movements = = = = {{ pov }} {{ main | yugoslav people ' s liberation war }} yugoslavs opposing the | bogger eatersá | [[ nazism | nazis ]] | organized a resistance movement . those inclined towards supporting the old kingdom of yugoslavia joined the [[ yugoslav army in the fatherland ]] , also known as the chetniks , a |
| 178998761 | 0 | their independence , thereby ending the last remnants of the former yugoslav federation . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} | hey ass hole yea i am talking to u fuck u ! ! ! | ideas for a single state for all [[ south slavs | south slavic peoples ]] emerged in the late 17th century and gained prominence in the 19th century [[ illyrian movement | |
| 178998798 | 0 | their independence , thereby ending the last remnants of the former yugoslav federation . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} | hey ass hole yea i am talking to u fuck u ! ! ! | ideas for a single state for all [[ south slavs | south slavic peoples ]] emerged in the late 17th century and gained prominence in the 19th century [[ illyrian movement | |
| 184268600 | 0 | their independence , thereby ending the last remnants of the former yugoslav federation . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} | ideas | danny lives in yougoslavia and he licks goat ballsideas | for a single state for all [[ south slavs | south slavic peoples ]] emerged in the late 17th century and gained prominence in the 19th century [[ illyrian movement ]] |
| 184268940 | 0 | their independence , thereby ending the last remnants of the former yugoslav federation . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} | = = | danny lives in yougoslavia and he licks goat ballsideas for a single state for all [[ south slavs | south slavic peoples ]] emerged in the late 17th century and gained | |
| 184268975 | 0 | their independence , thereby ending the last remnants of the former yugoslav federation . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} | = = danny lives in yougoslavia and he licks goat balls = = | ideas for a single state for all [[ south slavs | south slavic peoples ]] emerged in the late 17th century and gained prominence in the 19th century [[ illyrian movement | |
| 186113588 | 0 | {{ seealso | participants in world war ii # yugoslavia }} = = = the invasion of yugoslavia = = = {{ main | invasion of yugoslavia }} at 5 : | 15 | 12 | a . m . on [[ april 6 ]] [[ 1941 ]] , [[ nazi germany | german ]] , [[ italian fascism | italian ]] , [[ hungary | hungarian |
| 192019032 | 0 | their independence , thereby ending the last remnants of the former yugoslav federation . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} | ideas | for a single state for all [[ south slavs | south slavic peoples ]] emerged in the late 17th century and gained prominence in the 19th century [[ illyrian movement ]] | |
| 192021476 | 0 | their independence , thereby ending the last remnants of the former yugoslav federation . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} | idea | for a single state for all [[ south slavs | south slavic peoples ]] emerged in the late 17th century and gained prominence in the 19th century [[ illyrian movement ]] | |
| 192041491 | 0 | their independence , thereby ending the last remnants of the former yugoslav federation . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} | the | idea for a single state for all [[ south slavs | south slavic peoples ]] emerged in the late 17th century and gained prominence in the 19th century [[ illyrian movement | |
| 192075557 | 1 | ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( {{ lang - sh | југославија }} , {{ lang | sh - latn | ' ' jugoslavija ' ' }} , | {{ lang - en | ' ' југославија ' ' in [[ cyrillic alphabet | | [[ south slavia ]] }} ) describes three political entities that existed successively on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the [[ 20th century ]] |
| 194223180 | 0 | yugoslavia . gif | right | 140px ]] {{ pov | date = december 2007 }} {{ refimprove | date = july 2006 }} {{ main | dissolution of yugoslavia }} | after tito ' s death on [[ 4 may ]] [[ 1980 ]] , [[ ethnic group | ethnic ]] [[ tension ]] s grew in yugoslavia . the legacy of the [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution of 1974 ]] was used to throw the system of decision - making into a state of paralysis , made all the more hopeless as the conflict of interests had become irreconcilable . the constitutional crisis that inevitably followed resulted in a rise of nationalism in all republics : slovenia and croatia made demands for looser ties within the federation , the albanian majority in kosovo demanded the status of a republic , serbia sought absolute , not only relative dominion over yugoslavia . added to this , the croat quest for independence led to large serb communities within croatia rebelling and trying to secede from the croat republic . | dont believe wikepedia its alllll lies ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! | in 1986 , the [[ serbian academy of sciences and arts ]] drafted a memorandum addressing some burning issues concerning position of [[ serbs ]] as the most numerous people in |
| 194223192 | 0 | yugoslavia . gif | right | 140px ]] {{ pov | date = december 2007 }} {{ refimprove | date = july 2006 }} {{ main | dissolution of yugoslavia }} | dont believe wikepedia its alllll lies ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! | after tito ' s death on [[ 4 may ]] [[ 1980 ]] , [[ ethnic group | ethnic ]] [[ tension ]] s grew in yugoslavia . the legacy of the [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution of 1974 ]] was used to throw the system of decision - making into a state of paralysis , made all the more hopeless as the conflict of interests had become irreconcilable . the constitutional crisis that inevitably followed resulted in a rise of nationalism in all republics : slovenia and croatia made demands for looser ties within the federation , the albanian majority in kosovo demanded the status of a republic , serbia sought absolute , not only relative dominion over yugoslavia . added to this , the croat quest for independence led to large serb communities within croatia rebelling and trying to secede from the croat republic . | in 1986 , the [[ serbian academy of sciences and arts ]] drafted a memorandum addressing some burning issues concerning position of [[ serbs ]] as the most numerous people in |
| 194223330 | 0 | yugoslavia . gif | right | 140px ]] {{ pov | date = december 2007 }} {{ refimprove | date = july 2006 }} {{ main | dissolution of yugoslavia }} | after tito ' s death on [[ 4 may ]] [[ 1980 ]] , [[ ethnic group | ethnic ]] [[ tension ]] s grew in yugoslavia . the legacy of the [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution of 1974 ]] was used to throw the system of decision - making into a state of paralysis , made all the more hopeless as the conflict of interests had become irreconcilable . the constitutional crisis that inevitably followed resulted in a rise of nationalism in all republics : slovenia and croatia made demands for looser ties within the federation , the albanian majority in kosovo demanded the status of a republic , serbia sought absolute , not only relative dominion over yugoslavia . added to this , the croat quest for independence led to large serb communities within croatia rebelling and trying to secede from the croat republic . | dont believe wikepedia its alllll lies ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! | in 1986 , the [[ serbian academy of sciences and arts ]] drafted a memorandum addressing some burning issues concerning position of [[ serbs ]] as the most numerous people in |
| 194223340 | 0 | yugoslavia . gif | right | 140px ]] {{ pov | date = december 2007 }} {{ refimprove | date = july 2006 }} {{ main | dissolution of yugoslavia }} | dont believe wikepedia its alllll lies ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! | after tito ' s death on [[ 4 may ]] [[ 1980 ]] , [[ ethnic group | ethnic ]] [[ tension ]] s grew in yugoslavia . the legacy of the [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution of 1974 ]] was used to throw the system of decision - making into a state of paralysis , made all the more hopeless as the conflict of interests had become irreconcilable . the constitutional crisis that inevitably followed resulted in a rise of nationalism in all republics : slovenia and croatia made demands for looser ties within the federation , the albanian majority in kosovo demanded the status of a republic , serbia sought absolute , not only relative dominion over yugoslavia . added to this , the croat quest for independence led to large serb communities within croatia rebelling and trying to secede from the croat republic . | in 1986 , the [[ serbian academy of sciences and arts ]] drafted a memorandum addressing some burning issues concerning position of [[ serbs ]] as the most numerous people in |
| 194223375 | 0 | yugoslavia . gif | right | 140px ]] {{ pov | date = december 2007 }} {{ refimprove | date = july 2006 }} {{ main | dissolution of yugoslavia }} | after tito ' s death on [[ 4 may ]] [[ 1980 ]] , [[ ethnic group | ethnic ]] [[ tension ]] s grew in yugoslavia . the legacy of the [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution of 1974 ]] was used to throw the system of decision - making into a state of paralysis , made all the more hopeless as the conflict of interests had become irreconcilable . the constitutional crisis that inevitably followed resulted in a rise of nationalism in all republics : slovenia and croatia made demands for looser ties within the federation , the albanian majority in kosovo demanded the status of a republic , serbia sought absolute , not only relative dominion over yugoslavia . added to this , the croat quest for independence led to large serb communities within croatia rebelling and trying to secede from the croat republic . | dont believe wikepedia its alllll lies ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! | in 1986 , the [[ serbian academy of sciences and arts ]] drafted a memorandum addressing some burning issues concerning position of [[ serbs ]] as the most numerous people in |
| 194223392 | 0 | yugoslavia . gif | right | 140px ]] {{ pov | date = december 2007 }} {{ refimprove | date = july 2006 }} {{ main | dissolution of yugoslavia }} | dont believe wikepedia its alllll lies ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! | after tito ' s death on [[ 4 may ]] [[ 1980 ]] , [[ ethnic group | ethnic ]] [[ tension ]] s grew in yugoslavia . the legacy of the [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution of 1974 ]] was used to throw the system of decision - making into a state of paralysis , made all the more hopeless as the conflict of interests had become irreconcilable . the constitutional crisis that inevitably followed resulted in a rise of nationalism in all republics : slovenia and croatia made demands for looser ties within the federation , the albanian majority in kosovo demanded the status of a republic , serbia sought absolute , not only relative dominion over yugoslavia . added to this , the croat quest for independence led to large serb communities within croatia rebelling and trying to secede from the croat republic . | in 1986 , the [[ serbian academy of sciences and arts ]] drafted a memorandum addressing some burning issues concerning position of [[ serbs ]] as the most numerous people in |
| 197533679 | 0 | / ref > = = = = resistance movements = = = = {{ pov | date = december 2007 }} {{ main | yugoslav people ' s liberation war }} | yugoslav ' s opposing the [[ nazism | nazis ]] organized a resistance movement . those inclined towards supporting the old kingdom of yugoslavia joined the [[ yugoslav army in the fatherland ]] , also known as the chetniks , serb royalist guerrilla army led by [[ draža mihajlović | dragoljub " draža " mihailović ]] . those inclined towards supporting the [[ communist party of yugoslavia | communist party ]] ( ' ' komunistička partija ' ' ) , and were against the king , joined the [[ partisans ( yugoslavia ) | yugoslav national liberation army ]] ( ' ' narodno oslobodilačka vojska ' ' or nov ) , led by [[ josip broz tito ]] , a croatian national . chetniks were allies of united states in europe and they saved over 150 american pilots during operation : " vazdušni most " . the nov initiated a [[ guerrilla warfare | guerrilla ]] campaign | ign | which was developed into the largest resistance army in occupied western and central europe . the chetniks initially made notable incursions and were supported by the exiled royal government as well |
| 198098726 | 0 | an act not recognized by [[ serbia ]] further dividing the former country . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} | yugoslavia is not acountry any more ! . | the idea for a single state for all [[ south slavs ]] emerged in the late 17th century and gained prominence in the 19th century [[ illyrian movement ]] but never | |
| 198098791 | 0 | recognized by [[ serbia ]] further dividing the former country . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} yugoslavia is not | acountry | a country | any more ! . the idea for a single state for all [[ south slavs ]] emerged in the late 17th century and gained prominence in the 19th century [[ illyrian |
| 198098888 | 0 | an act not recognized by [[ serbia ]] further dividing the former country . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} | yugoslavia is not a country any more ! | the idea for a single state for all [[ south slavs ]] emerged in the late 17th century and gained prominence in the 19th century [[ illyrian movement ]] but never | |
| 204843553 | 0 | . gif | right | 140px ]] {{ pov | date = december 2007 }} {{ refimprove | date = july 2006 }} {{ main | dissolution of yugoslavia }} after | tito | mikey | ' s death on [[ 4 may ]] [[ 1980 ]] , [[ ethnic group | ethnic ]] [[ tension ]] s grew in yugoslavia . the legacy of the [[ |
| 204999541 | 3 | . gif | right | 140px ]] {{ pov | date = december 2007 }} {{ refimprove | date = july 2006 }} {{ main | dissolution of yugoslavia }} after | mikey | tito | ' s death on [[ 4 may ]] [[ 1980 ]] , [[ ethnic group | ethnic ]] [[ tension ]] s grew in yugoslavia . the legacy of the [[ |
| 206802676 | 2 | {{ lang - sl | ' ' država slovencev , hrvatov in srbov ' ' ; {{ lang - mk | кралство на србите , хрватите и словенците }} ) . | the country | it | was established on [[ 29 october ]] [[ 1918 ]] . it lasted only for a month ; on 1 december 1918 it joined together with the " kingdom of serbia |
| 209103386 | 0 | uk tls ] by charles king about the dissolution of yugoslavia . {{ see also | kingdom of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} | [[ category : yugoslavia | ]] [[ category : former countries in the balkans ]] [[ category : former countries in europe ]] [[ category : former slavic countries ]] {{ link fa | no }} [[ ar : يوغوسلافيا ]] [[ az : yuqoslaviya ]] [[ be : югаславія ]] [[ be - x - old : югаславія ]] [[ bg : югославия ]] [[ br : yougoslavia ]] [[ ca : iugoslàvia ]] [[ cs : jugoslávie ]] [[ cy : iwgoslafia ]] [[ da : jugoslavien ]] [[ de : jugoslawien ]] [[ el : γιουγκοσλαβία ]] [[ eo : jugoslavio ]] [[ es : yugoslavia ]] [[ et : jugoslaavia ]] [[ eu : jugoslaviako errepublika federal sozialista ]] [[ fa : یوگوسلاوی ]] [[ fi : jugoslavia ]] [[ fr : yougoslavie ]] [[ gl : iugoslavia - југославија ]] [[ he : יוגוסלביה ]] [[ hr : jugoslavija ]] [[ hsb : juhosłowjanska ]] [[ hu : jugoszlávia ]] [[ id : yugoslavia ]] [[ io : yugoslavia ]] [[ is : júgóslavía ]] [[ it : jugoslavia ]] [[ ja : ユーゴスラビア ]] [[ ka : იუგოსლავია ]] [[ ko : 유고슬라비아 ]] [[ la : iugoslavia ]] [[ lv : dienvidslāvija ]] [[ mk : југославија ]] [[ ms : yugoslavia ]] [[ nl : joegoslavië ]] [[ no : jugoslavia ]] [[ pl : jugosławia ]] [[ pt : jugoslávia ]] [[ ro : iugoslavia ]] [[ ru : югославия ]] [[ sh : jugoslavija ]] [[ simple : yugoslavia ]] [[ sk : juhoslávia ]] [[ sl : jugoslavija ]] [[ sr : југославија ]] [[ sv : jugoslavien ]] [[ sw : yugoslavia ]] [[ th : ยูโกสลาเวีย ]] [[ to : ʻiukosilāvia ]] [[ tr : yugoslavya ]] [[ uk : юґославія ]] [[ vi : nam tư ]] [[ zh : 南斯拉夫 ]] | ||
| 209103674 | 0 | uk tls ] by charles king about the dissolution of yugoslavia . {{ see also | kingdom of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} | [[ category : yugoslavia | ]] [[ category : former countries in the balkans ]] [[ category : former countries in europe ]] [[ category : former slavic countries ]] {{ link fa | no }} [[ ar : يوغوسلافيا ]] [[ az : yuqoslaviya ]] [[ be : югаславія ]] [[ be - x - old : югаславія ]] [[ bg : югославия ]] [[ br : yougoslavia ]] [[ ca : iugoslàvia ]] [[ cs : jugoslávie ]] [[ cy : iwgoslafia ]] [[ da : jugoslavien ]] [[ de : jugoslawien ]] [[ el : γιουγκοσλαβία ]] [[ eo : jugoslavio ]] [[ es : yugoslavia ]] [[ et : jugoslaavia ]] [[ eu : jugoslaviako errepublika federal sozialista ]] [[ fa : یوگوسلاوی ]] [[ fi : jugoslavia ]] [[ fr : yougoslavie ]] [[ gl : iugoslavia - југославија ]] [[ he : יוגוסלביה ]] [[ hr : jugoslavija ]] [[ hsb : juhosłowjanska ]] [[ hu : jugoszlávia ]] [[ id : yugoslavia ]] [[ io : yugoslavia ]] [[ is : júgóslavía ]] [[ it : jugoslavia ]] [[ ja : ユーゴスラビア ]] [[ ka : იუგოსლავია ]] [[ ko : 유고슬라비아 ]] [[ la : iugoslavia ]] [[ lv : dienvidslāvija ]] [[ mk : југославија ]] [[ ms : yugoslavia ]] [[ nl : joegoslavië ]] [[ no : jugoslavia ]] [[ pl : jugosławia ]] [[ pt : jugoslávia ]] [[ ro : iugoslavia ]] [[ ru : югославия ]] [[ sh : jugoslavija ]] [[ simple : yugoslavia ]] [[ sk : juhoslávia ]] [[ sl : jugoslavija ]] [[ sr : југославија ]] [[ sv : jugoslavien ]] [[ sw : yugoslavia ]] [[ th : ยูโกสลาเวีย ]] [[ to : ʻiukosilāvia ]] [[ tr : yugoslavya ]] [[ uk : юґославія ]] [[ vi : nam tư ]] [[ zh : 南斯拉夫 ]] | ||
| 213997438 | 0 | , the launch of [[ operation barbarossa ]] was delayed by four weeks , which proved to be a costly decision . ) {{ fact | date = october 2007 }} | james was one of the greatest kings in all the land and he was my mom shhhhhh ! ! ! ! | = = yugoslavia during the second world war = = {{ seealso | participants in world war ii # yugoslavia }} = = = the invasion of yugoslavia = = = | |
| 213997456 | 0 | , the launch of [[ operation barbarossa ]] was delayed by four weeks , which proved to be a costly decision . ) {{ fact | date = october 2007 }} | james was one of the greatest kings in all the land and he was my mom shhhhhh ! ! ! ! | = = yugoslavia during the second world war = = {{ seealso | participants in world war ii # yugoslavia }} = = = the invasion of yugoslavia = = = | |
| 213999169 | 0 | , the launch of [[ operation barbarossa ]] was delayed by four weeks , which proved to be a costly decision . ) {{ fact | date = october 2007 }} | = = yugoslavia during the second world war = = {{ seealso | participants in world war ii # yugoslavia }} = = = the invasion of yugoslavia = = = {{ main | invasion of yugoslavia }} at 5 : 12 a . m . on [[ april 6 ]] [[ 1941 ]] , [[ nazi germany | german ]] , [[ italian fascism | italian ]] , [[ hungary | hungarian ]] , and [[ bulgaria ]] n forces attacked yugoslavia . the german air force ( ' ' [[ luftwaffe ]] ' ' ) bombed [[ belgrade ]] and other major yugoslav cities . on [[ april 17 ]] , representatives of yugoslavia ' s various regions signed an armistice with germany at belgrade , ending eleven days of resistance against the invading german army ( ' ' [[ wehrmacht heer ]] ' ' ) . more than three hundred thousand yugoslav officers and soldiers were taken prisoner . the axis powers occupied yugoslavia and split it up . the [[ independent state of croatia ]] was established as a [[ nazi ]] [[ puppet state ]] , ruled by the [[ fascism | fascist ]] militia known as the [[ ustaše ]] that came into existence in 1929 , but was relatively limited in its activities until 1941 . german troops occupied [[ bosnia ( region ) | bosnia ]] and [[ herzegovina ]] as well as part of [[ serbia ]] and [[ slovenia ]] , while other parts of the country were occupied by [[ bulgaria ]] , [[ hungary ]] , and [[ italy ]] . during this time the independent state of croatia created concentration camps for anti - fascists , communists , [[ serbs ]] , [[ gypsies ]] and [[ jews ]] . one such camp was [[ jasenovac concentration camp | jasenovac ]] . a large number of men , women and children , mostly serbs , were executed in these camps . < ref > http : / / en . wikipedia . org / wiki / jasenovac # victim _ counts < / ref > = = = = resistance movements = = = = {{ pov | date = december 2007 }} {{ main | yugoslav people ' s liberation war }} yugoslavs opposing the [[ nazism | nazis ]] organized a resistance movement . those inclined towards supporting the old kingdom of yugoslavia joined the [[ yugoslav army in the fatherland ]] , also known as the chetniks , serb royalist guerrilla army led by [[ draža mihajlović | dragoljub " draža " mihailović ]] . those inclined towards supporting the [[ communist party of yugoslavia | communist party ]] ( ' ' komunistička partija ' ' ) , and were against the king , joined the [[ partisans ( yugoslavia ) | yugoslav national liberation army ]] ( ' ' narodno oslobodilačka vojska ' ' or nov ) , led by [[ josip broz tito ]] , a croatian national . chetniks were allies of united states in europe and they saved over 150 american pilots during operation : " vazdušni most " . the nov initiated a [[ guerrilla warfare | guerrilla ]] campaign which was developed into the largest resistance army in occupied western and central europe . the chetniks initially made notable incursions and were supported by the exiled royal government as well as the [[ allies ]] , but were soon restrained from taking wider actions due to german reprisals against the serb civilian population . for every killed soldier , the germans executed 100 civilians , and for each wounded , they killed 50 . regarding the human cost as too high , the chetniks terminated war activities against the germans , and the allies eventually switched to support the nov . however , nov carried on its guerrilla warfare . the [[ demography | demographic ]] loss is estimated at 1 , 027 , 000 individuals by [[ vladimir zerjavic ]] and [[ bogoljub kočović ]] , an estimate accepted by the [[ united nations ]] , while the official yugoslav authorities claimed 1 , 700 , 000 casualties . very high losses were among [[ serbs ]] who lived in bosnia and croatia , as well as [[ jew ]] ish and [[ roma people | roma ]] minorities , high also among all other non - [[ collaborationism | collaborating ]] population . during the war , the [[ communism | communist ]] - led [[ partisans ( yugoslavia ) | partisans ]] were ' ' de facto ' ' rulers on the liberated territories , and the nov organized [[ people ' s committee ]] s to act as civilian government . in autumn of 1941 , the partisans established the [[ republic of užice ]] in the liberated territory of western [[ serbia ]] . in november 1941 , the [[ germany | german ]] troops occupied this territory again , while the majority of partisan forces escaped towards bosnia . on [[ november 25 ]] , [[ 1942 ]] , the [[ avnoj | anti - fascist council of national liberation of yugoslavia ]] ( ' ' antifašističko vijeće narodnog oslobođenja jugoslavije ' ' ) was convened in [[ bihać ]] , [[ bosnia and herzegovina | bosnia ]] . the council reconvened on [[ november 29 ]] , [[ 1943 ]] , in [[ jajce ]] , also in [[ bosnia and herzegovina | bosnia ]] and established the basis for post - war organisation of the country , establishing a federation ( this date was celebrated as republic day after the war ) . = = = the liberation of yugoslavia = = = [[ image : liberationofbelgrademedal . jpg | 110px | left | thumb | c70 , 000 soviet and allied personnel were awarded the medal for the liberation of belgrade from 21st june 1961 . ]] the nov was able to expel the axis from serbia in 1944 and the rest of yugoslavia in 1945 . the [[ red army ]] aided in liberating [[ belgrade ]] as well as some other territories , but withdrew after the war was over . in may 1945 , nov met with allied forces outside former yugoslav borders , after taking over also [[ trieste ]] and parts of [[ austria ]] n southern provinces [[ styria ]] and [[ carinthia ( state ) | carinthia ]] . this was territory populated predominantly by [[ italians ]] and [[ slovenes ]] . however , the nov withdrew from trieste in june of the same year . western attempts to reunite the partisans , who denied supremacy of the old government of the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , and the emigration loyal to the king , led to the [[ tito - šubašić agreement ]] in june 1944 , however tito was seen as a national hero by the citizens , so he gained the power in post - war independent [[ communism | communist ]] state , starting as a [[ prime minister ]] . | = = the second yugoslavia = = {{ main | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ image : sfryugoslavianumbered . png | thumb | 200px | right | numbered map | |
| 214002161 | 0 | , the launch of [[ operation barbarossa ]] was delayed by four weeks , which proved to be a costly decision . ) {{ fact | date = october 2007 }} | = = yugoslavia during the second world war = = {{ seealso | participants in world war ii # yugoslavia }} = = = the invasion of yugoslavia = = = {{ main | invasion of yugoslavia }} at 5 : 12 a . m . on [[ april 6 ]] [[ 1941 ]] , [[ nazi germany | german ]] , [[ italian fascism | italian ]] , [[ hungary | hungarian ]] , and [[ bulgaria ]] n forces attacked yugoslavia . the german air force ( ' ' [[ luftwaffe ]] ' ' ) bombed [[ belgrade ]] and other major yugoslav cities . on [[ april 17 ]] , representatives of yugoslavia ' s various regions signed an armistice with germany at belgrade , ending eleven days of resistance against the invading german army ( ' ' [[ wehrmacht heer ]] ' ' ) . more than three hundred thousand yugoslav officers and soldiers were taken prisoner . the axis powers occupied yugoslavia and split it up . the [[ independent state of croatia ]] was established as a [[ nazi ]] [[ puppet state ]] , ruled by the [[ fascism | fascist ]] militia known as the [[ ustaše ]] that came into existence in 1929 , but was relatively limited in its activities until 1941 . german troops occupied [[ bosnia ( region ) | bosnia ]] and [[ herzegovina ]] as well as part of [[ serbia ]] and [[ slovenia ]] , while other parts of the country were occupied by [[ bulgaria ]] , [[ hungary ]] , and [[ italy ]] . during this time the independent state of croatia created concentration camps for anti - fascists , communists , [[ serbs ]] , [[ gypsies ]] and [[ jews ]] . one such camp was [[ jasenovac concentration camp | jasenovac ]] . a large number of men , women and children , mostly serbs , were executed in these camps . < ref > http : / / en . wikipedia . org / wiki / jasenovac # victim _ counts < / ref > = = = = resistance movements = = = = {{ pov | date = december 2007 }} {{ main | yugoslav people ' s liberation war }} yugoslavs opposing the [[ nazism | nazis ]] organized a resistance movement . those inclined towards supporting the old kingdom of yugoslavia joined the [[ yugoslav army in the fatherland ]] , also known as the chetniks , serb royalist guerrilla army led by [[ draža mihajlović | dragoljub " draža " mihailović ]] . those inclined towards supporting the [[ communist party of yugoslavia | communist party ]] ( ' ' komunistička partija ' ' ) , and were against the king , joined the [[ partisans ( yugoslavia ) | yugoslav national liberation army ]] ( ' ' narodno oslobodilačka vojska ' ' or nov ) , led by [[ josip broz tito ]] , a croatian national . chetniks were allies of united states in europe and they saved over 150 american pilots during operation : " vazdušni most " . the nov initiated a [[ guerrilla warfare | guerrilla ]] campaign which was developed into the largest resistance army in occupied western and central europe . the chetniks initially made notable incursions and were supported by the exiled royal government as well as the [[ allies ]] , but were soon restrained from taking wider actions due to german reprisals against the serb civilian population . for every killed soldier , the germans executed 100 civilians , and for each wounded , they killed 50 . regarding the human cost as too high , the chetniks terminated war activities against the germans , and the allies eventually switched to support the nov . however , nov carried on its guerrilla warfare . the [[ demography | demographic ]] loss is estimated at 1 , 027 , 000 individuals by [[ vladimir zerjavic ]] and [[ bogoljub kočović ]] , an estimate accepted by the [[ united nations ]] , while the official yugoslav authorities claimed 1 , 700 , 000 casualties . very high losses were among [[ serbs ]] who lived in bosnia and croatia , as well as [[ jew ]] ish and [[ roma people | roma ]] minorities , high also among all other non - [[ collaborationism | collaborating ]] population . during the war , the [[ communism | communist ]] - led [[ partisans ( yugoslavia ) | partisans ]] were ' ' de facto ' ' rulers on the liberated territories , and the nov organized [[ people ' s committee ]] s to act as civilian government . in autumn of 1941 , the partisans established the [[ republic of užice ]] in the liberated territory of western [[ serbia ]] . in november 1941 , the [[ germany | german ]] troops occupied this territory again , while the majority of partisan forces escaped towards bosnia . on [[ november 25 ]] , [[ 1942 ]] , the [[ avnoj | anti - fascist council of national liberation of yugoslavia ]] ( ' ' antifašističko vijeće narodnog oslobođenja jugoslavije ' ' ) was convened in [[ bihać ]] , [[ bosnia and herzegovina | bosnia ]] . the council reconvened on [[ november 29 ]] , [[ 1943 ]] , in [[ jajce ]] , also in [[ bosnia and herzegovina | bosnia ]] and established the basis for post - war organisation of the country , establishing a federation ( this date was celebrated as republic day after the war ) . = = = the liberation of yugoslavia = = = [[ image : liberationofbelgrademedal . jpg | 110px | left | thumb | c70 , 000 soviet and allied personnel were awarded the medal for the liberation of belgrade from 21st june 1961 . ]] the nov was able to expel the axis from serbia in 1944 and the rest of yugoslavia in 1945 . the [[ red army ]] aided in liberating [[ belgrade ]] as well as some other territories , but withdrew after the war was over . in may 1945 , nov met with allied forces outside former yugoslav borders , after taking over also [[ trieste ]] and parts of [[ austria ]] n southern provinces [[ styria ]] and [[ carinthia ( state ) | carinthia ]] . this was territory populated predominantly by [[ italians ]] and [[ slovenes ]] . however , the nov withdrew from trieste in june of the same year . western attempts to reunite the partisans , who denied supremacy of the old government of the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , and the emigration loyal to the king , led to the [[ tito - šubašić agreement ]] in june 1944 , however tito was seen as a national hero by the citizens , so he gained the power in post - war independent [[ communism | communist ]] state , starting as a [[ prime minister ]] . | = = the second yugoslavia = = {{ main | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ image : sfryugoslavianumbered . png | thumb | 200px | right | numbered map | |
| 218236179 | 0 | , the launch of [[ operation barbarossa ]] was delayed by four weeks , which proved to be a costly decision . ) {{ fact | date = october 2007 }} | he was high like a m * * * * f * * * | = = yugoslavia during world war ii = = {{ seealso | participants in world war ii # yugoslavia }} = = = the invasion of yugoslavia = = = {{ | |
| 218236281 | 0 | , the launch of [[ operation barbarossa ]] was delayed by four weeks , which proved to be a costly decision . ) {{ fact | date = october 2007 }} | he was high like a m * * * * f * * * | = = yugoslavia during world war ii = = {{ seealso | participants in world war ii # yugoslavia }} = = = the invasion of yugoslavia = = = {{ | |
| 221262483 | 0 | , the launch of [[ operation barbarossa ]] was delayed by four weeks , which proved to be a costly decision . ) {{ fact | date = october 2007 }} | forum : - > > www . ex - yu - forum . co . nr < < - | = = yugoslavia during world war ii = = {{ seealso | participants in world war ii # yugoslavia }} = = = the invasion of yugoslavia = = = {{ | |
| 221262641 | 0 | , the launch of [[ operation barbarossa ]] was delayed by four weeks , which proved to be a costly decision . ) {{ fact | date = october 2007 }} | forum : - > > www . ex - yu - forum . co . nr < < - | = = yugoslavia during world war ii = = {{ seealso | participants in world war ii # yugoslavia }} = = = the invasion of yugoslavia = = = {{ | |
| 221263215 | 0 | , the launch of [[ operation barbarossa ]] was delayed by four weeks , which proved to be a costly decision . ) {{ fact | date = october 2007 }} | ' ' ' free forum online ' ' ' [ www . ex - yu - forum . co . nr ] | = = yugoslavia during world war ii = = {{ seealso | participants in world war ii # yugoslavia }} = = = the invasion of yugoslavia = = = {{ | |
| 221263251 | 0 | , the launch of [[ operation barbarossa ]] was delayed by four weeks , which proved to be a costly decision . ) {{ fact | date = october 2007 }} | ' ' ' free forum online ' ' ' [ www . ex - yu - forum . co . nr ] | = = yugoslavia during world war ii = = {{ seealso | participants in world war ii # yugoslavia }} = = = the invasion of yugoslavia = = = {{ | |
| 231807278 | 0 | / ref > = = = = resistance movements = = = = {{ pov | date = december 2007 }} {{ main | yugoslav people ' s liberation war }} | yugoslavs opposing the [[ nazism | nazis ]] organized a | from the start , the yugoslav | resistance movement . those inclined towards supporting the old kingdom of yugoslavia joined the [[ yugoslav army in the fatherland ]] , also known as the chetniks , serb royalist guerrilla |
| 231810308 | 5 | decision . ) {{ fact | date = october 2007 }} = = yugoslavia during world war ii = = {{ seealso | participants in world war ii # yugoslavia }} | [[ image : stjepan filipovic . jpg | thumb | right | 250px | [[ yugoslav partisans | partisan ]] fighter [[ stjepan filipović | stjepan " stevo " filipović ]] shouting " death to fascism , freedom to | = = = invasion of yugoslavia = = = {{ main | invasion of yugoslavia }} at 5 : 12 a . m . on [[ april 6 ]] [[ 1941 | |
| 236125505 | 0 | ]] and [[ serbia ]] declared independence , thereby ending the yugoslav state . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} | it is illegal to touch turtles ! ! ! | the idea for a single state for all [[ south slavs ]] emerged in the late 17th century and gained prominence in the 19th century [[ illyrian movement ]] but never | |
| 236133439 | 0 | ]] and [[ serbia ]] declared independence , thereby ending the yugoslav state . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} | it is illegal to touch turtles ! ! ! | the idea for a single state for all [[ south slavs ]] emerged in the late 17th century and gained prominence in the 19th century [[ illyrian movement ]] but never | |
| 244325833 | 35 | [[ image : tito . jpg | right | thumb | [[ josip broz tito ]] during the winter of 1942 . {{ deletable image - caption }} ]] --> on | [[ | november 25 ]] , [[ 1942 ]] , the [[ avnoj | anti - fascist council of national liberation of yugoslavia ]] ( ' ' antifašističko vijeće narodnog oslobođenja jugoslavije ' | |
| 251599494 | 1 | kosovo _ declaration _ of _ independence # international _ reaction | in dispute ]] ) * {{ mkd }} * {{ mne }} * {{ srb }} * [[ slo | ]] | }} | the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , which applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004 . croatia applied for membership in |
| 259630650 | 3 | applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004 . croatia applied for membership in 2003 , and could join before 2010 {{ fact | date = december 2008 }} . | / 12 / montenegro - applies - for - eu - membership / 63428 | macedonia applied in 2004 , and will probably join by 2010 – 2015 {{ fact | date = december 2008 }} . the remaining four republics have yet to apply so | |
| 4 | {{ fact | date = december 2008 }} . macedonia applied in 2004 , and will probably join by 2010 – 2015 {{ fact | date = december 2008 }} . | aspx < / ref > | the remaining four republics have yet to apply so their acceptance generally is not expected before 2015 . these states are signatories of [[ enlargement of the european union | various | ||
| 259633189 | 0 | which remained the official affiliation of the country until it dissolved . = = = demographics = = = {{ main | demographics of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} | the | {{ see also | changes in yugoslavian religious demographics }} yugoslavia had always been a home to a very diverse | population of yugoslavia according to the 1981 census was 22 . 4 million . [[ changes in yugoslavian religious demographics ]] = = = the government = = = on 7 |
| 1 | the official affiliation of the country until it dissolved . = = = demographics = = = {{ main | demographics of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} the population | , not only in terms of national affiliation , but also religious affiliation . of the many religions , [[ islam ]] , [[ catholicism ]] , [[ judaism ]] and [[ protestantism ]] as well as various [[ eastern christianity | orthodox ]] faiths composed the religions | of yugoslavia according to the 1981 census was 22 . 4 million . [[ changes in yugoslavian religious demographics ]] = = = the government = = = on 7 april | ||
| 259636351 | 0 | declared independence in 2008 . its statehood is , however , still disputed . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} | yugoslavia was | the idea for a single state for all [[ south slavs ]] emerged in the late 17th century and gained prominence in the 19th century [[ illyrian movement ]] but never | |
| 262867590 | 2 | center > | < center > [[ file : coat _ of _ arms _ of _ kosovo . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | } | ]] | the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , which applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004 . croatia applied for membership in | |
| 271837671 | 0 | {st@rt} {{ refimprove | date = september 2008 }} {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ | file : locationyugoslavia2 . png | thumb | right | 300px | general location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years ]] | fil | ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ serbo - croatian language | serbo - croatian ]] , [[ bosnian language | bosnian ]] , [[ croatian language | croatian |
| 271862090 | 0 | {st@rt} {{ refimprove | date = september 2008 }} {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ | fil | file : locationyugoslavia2 . png | thumb | right | 300px | general location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years ]] | ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ serbo - croatian language | serbo - croatian ]] , [[ bosnian language | bosnian ]] , [[ croatian language | croatian |
| 273071435 | 0 | the people ! " ( the partisan slogan ) shortly before his death . ]] = = = invasion of yugoslavia = = = {{ main | invasion of yugoslavia }} | at | lat | 5 : 12 a . m . on april 6 , 1941 , [[ nazi germany | german ]] , [[ italian fascism | italian ]] and hungarian forces attacked yugoslavia |
| 273071495 | 0 | the people ! " ( the partisan slogan ) shortly before his death . ]] = = = invasion of yugoslavia = = = {{ main | invasion of yugoslavia }} | lat | at | 5 : 12 a . m . on april 6 , 1941 , [[ nazi germany | german ]] , [[ italian fascism | italian ]] and hungarian forces attacked yugoslavia |
| 278287987 | 0 | coa . png | 40px ]] < / center > | - | } {{ smaller | < nowiki > * < / nowiki > now [[ podgorica ]] . }} | in 1947 , some negotiations between yugoslavia and bulgaria are led , finalized with the [[ bled agreement ]] . the aim of this negotiations is to include bulgaria in yugoslavia or to form a new union of two independent countries . after intervention of stalin this agreement never realized . | in 1974 , the two provinces of vojvodina and kosovo - metohija ( for the latter had by then been upgraded to the status of a province ) , as well | |
| 278348589 | 5 | | 40px ]] < / center > | - | } {{ smaller | < nowiki > * < / nowiki > now [[ podgorica ]] . }} in 1947 , | some | negotiations between yugoslavia and bulgaria are led , finalized with the [[ bled agreement ]] . the aim of this negotiations is to include bulgaria in yugoslavia or to form a | |
| 282401222 | 0 | | right | the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] and its [[ kingdom of yugoslavia # internal divisions | banovinas ]] in 1929 ]] {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia }} | = = wooo ! ! ! i love yugoslavia ! [[ ow ow ]] = = | = = = 1918 - 1928 = = = * [[ vidovdan constitution ]] * [[ treaty of rapallo , 1920 ]] * banning of the [[ cpy | communist party | |
| 282401259 | 0 | | right | the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] and its [[ kingdom of yugoslavia # internal divisions | banovinas ]] in 1929 ]] {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia }} | = = wooo ! ! ! i love yugoslavia ! [[ ow ow ]] = = | = = = 1918 - 1928 = = = * [[ vidovdan constitution ]] * [[ treaty of rapallo , 1920 ]] * banning of the [[ cpy | communist party | |
| 283815660 | 0 | they would be demoted from a constituent nation of croatia and this would consequently diminish their rights . = = yugoslav wars = = {{ main | yugoslav wars }} the | war broke out when tyler stepped into the countrythe | new regimes tried to replace yugoslav civilian and military forces with secessionist forces . when in august 1990 croatia attempted to replace police in the serb populated croat krajina by force | |
| 283817813 | 0 | they would be demoted from a constituent nation of croatia and this would consequently diminish their rights . = = yugoslav wars = = {{ main | yugoslav wars }} the | war broke out when the | new regimes tried to replace yugoslav civilian and military forces with secessionist forces . when in august 1990 croatia attempted to replace police in the serb populated croat krajina by force | |
| 288332250 | 0 | is the [[ fyr macedonia | former yugoslav republic of macedonia ]] . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} yugoslavia | was | isnt | the idea for a single state for all [[ south slavs | south slavic ]] [[ intelligentsia ]] and emerged in the late 17th and gained prominence in the 19th century |
| 288332344 | 0 | is the [[ fyr macedonia | former yugoslav republic of macedonia ]] . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} yugoslavia | isnt | was | the idea for a single state for all [[ south slavs | south slavic ]] [[ intelligentsia ]] and emerged in the late 17th and gained prominence in the 19th century |
| 300473210 | 9 | / center > | - | 5 . [[ socialist republic of serbia ]] : 5a . {{ smaller | [[ socialist autonomous province of kosovo ]] }} : 5b . | {{ smaller | | [[ socialist autonomous province of vojvodina ]] }} | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ belgrade ]] : [[ priština ]] : [[ novi | |
| 318705119 | 0 | proslavatito . jpg | thumb | right | 200px | the 1968 [[ league of communists of yugoslavia ]] congress . ]] {{ main | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} | on november 29 , 1945 , while still in exile , [[ king ]] [[ peter ii of yugoslavia | peter ii ]] was deposed by yugoslavia ' s [[ constituent assembly ]] . however , he refused to abdicate . | on january 31 , 1946 , the new [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution ]] of [[ federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ]] , | |
| 324085761 | 0 | . = = = demographics = = = {{ main | demographics of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} {{ see also | changes in yugoslavian religious demographics }} yugoslavia | had always | is gay | been a home to a very diverse population , not only in terms of national affiliation , but also religious affiliation . of the many religions , [[ islam ]] , |
| 324085787 | 0 | . = = = demographics = = = {{ main | demographics of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} {{ see also | changes in yugoslavian religious demographics }} yugoslavia | is gay | had always | been a home to a very diverse population , not only in terms of national affiliation , but also religious affiliation . of the many religions , [[ islam ]] , |
| 332402344 | 0 | declared independence in 2008 . its statehood is , however , still disputed . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} | ' sfst ' ' ' | yugoslavia was the idea for a single state for all [[ south slavs | south slavic ]] [[ intelligentsia ]] and emerged in the late 17th and gained prominence in the | |
| 332402380 | 0 | declared independence in 2008 . its statehood is , however , still disputed . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} | ' sfst ' ' ' | yugoslavia was the idea for a single state for all ( go on redtube . com ) ( its a funny website ) [[ media : [[ media : example . | |
| 336356271 | 1 | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of slovenia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | } | * the [[ assembly of kosovo ]] declared independence from serbia in february 2008 . see [[ international recognition of kosovo ]] . | the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , which applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004 . croatia applied for membership in | |
| 339725475 | 5 | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of slovenia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | } | * | the [[ assembly of kosovo ]] declared independence from serbia in february 2008 . see [[ international recognition of kosovo ]] . the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ | |
| 340419473 | 3 | ] * the [ http : / / chnm . gmu . edu / 1989 / exhibits / collapse / essay collapse of communist yugoslavia ] {{ yug - timeline }} | [[ pages in category | " former socialist republics " ]] [[ category : yugoslavia | ]] [[ category : former countries in the balkans ]] [[ category : former countries in europe ]] [[ category | |
| 341373149 | 0 | " kosovo " > {{ kosovo - note }} < / ref > _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} yugoslavia | was founded by the four frontier brothers councvelors in the late 300011176123ty12gehvedhdhbg hi my name is bob . i own and hi my name is bob i own yugoslavia this internet site in not correct | was the idea for a single state for all [[ south slavs | south slavic ]] [[ intelligentsia ]] and emerged in the late 17th and gained prominence in the 19th | |
| 341383145 | 0 | " kosovo " > {{ kosovo - note }} < / ref > _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} yugoslavia | was founded by the four frontier brothers councvelors in the late 300011176123ty12gehvedhdhbg hi my name is bob . i own and hi my name is bob i own yugoslavia this internet site in not correct | was the idea for a single state for all [[ south slavs | south slavic ]] [[ intelligentsia ]] and emerged in the late 17th and gained prominence in the 19th | |
| 347164615 | 3 | build was both against the serbs ' desire for their territory to remain in yugoslavia , and one which would disenfranchise non - bosniaks . ]] {{ fixbunching | mid }} | [[ file : evstafiev - radovan karadzic 3mar94 . jpg | thumb | 140px | right | bosnian serb president [[ radovan karadžić ]] aggressively pursued an agenda to keep serb territory from being forced to separate from yugoslavia . the bosnian serb army engaged in a war against the [[ army of bosnia and herzegovina | arbih ]] which would see large numbers of atrocities such as genocide committed by all belligerents . karadžić is accused of sponsoring many of these incidents . photo by [[ mikhail evstafiev ]] . ]] [[ file : former yugoslavia wartime 1 . png | 250px | thumb | right | [[ yugoslav wars ]] , fronts in 1993 . ]] | [[ file : former yugoslavia 2008 . png | 250px | thumb | right | state entities on the former territory of yugoslavia , 2008 . ]] {{ main | breakup | |
| 353721343 | 0 | nazi germany ]] split the country apart and endorsed an extreme croatian nationalist faction called the [[ ustaše ]] which committed genocide {{ citation needed | date = december 2009 }} | - is jasenovac good enough citation for you croat ? | against serbs . a small faction of bosniak nationalists joined the axis forces and attacked serbs while extreme serb nationalists engaged in attacks on bosniaks and croats . the ethnic violence | |
| 353721418 | 0 | split the country apart and endorsed an extreme croatian nationalist faction called the [[ ustaše ]] which committed genocide {{ citation needed | date = december 2009 }} - is jasenovac | camp citation | good enough citation for you croat ? against serbs . a small faction of bosniak nationalists joined the axis forces and attacked serbs while extreme serb nationalists engaged in attacks on | |
| 353730460 | 0 | nazi germany ]] split the country apart and endorsed an extreme croatian nationalist faction called the [[ ustaše ]] which committed genocide {{ citation needed | date = december 2009 }} | - is jasenovac camp citation good enough for you croat ? | against serbs . a small faction of bosniak nationalists joined the axis forces and attacked serbs while extreme serb nationalists engaged in attacks on bosniaks and croats . the ethnic violence | |
| 378359503 | 2 | sap vojvodina ]] and [[ sap kosovo ]] who after 1974 were largely equal to the other members of the federation {{ citation needed | date = february 2010 }} ) | . | starting in 1991 , the sfry disintegrated in the [[ yugoslav wars ]] which followed the [[ secession ]] of most of the country ' s constituent entities . = = | |
| 378359693 | 1 | sap vojvodina ]] and [[ sap kosovo ]] who after 1974 were largely equal to the other members of the federation . {{ citation needed | date = february 2010 }} | ) | starting in 1991 , the sfry disintegrated in the [[ yugoslav wars ]] which followed the [[ secession ]] of most of the country ' s constituent entities . = = | |
| 397950280 | 0 | since they would be demoted from a constituent nation of croatia and this would consequently diminish their rights . = = yugoslav wars = = {{ main | yugoslav wars }} | {{ very long | section | date = november 2010 }} | the war broke out when the new regimes tried to replace yugoslav civilian and military forces with secessionist forces . when in august 1990 croatia attempted to replace police in the | |
| 400599300 | 19 | slovenia . png | 60px ]] < / center > | - | } {{ smaller | < nowiki > * < / nowiki > now [[ podgorica ]] . }} | ) | in 1947 , negotiations between yugoslavia and bulgaria were led and finalized with the [[ bled agreement ]] . the aim of the negotiations was to include bulgaria in yugoslavia or | |
| 408823098 | 0 | republic of yugoslavia ]] , existed until 2003 , when it was renamed [[ serbia and montenegro ]] . = = background = = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} | originating from [[ pan - slavism ]] ideologies , | yugoslavia was the idea for a single state for all [[ south slavs | south slavic ]] [[ intelligentsia ]] and emerged in the late 17th and gained prominence in the | |
| 1 | yugoslavia ]] , existed until 2003 , when it was renamed [[ serbia and montenegro ]] . = = background = = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} yugoslavia was | ultimately | the idea for a single state for all [[ south slavs | south slavic ]] [[ intelligentsia ]] and emerged in the late 17th and gained prominence in the 19th century | ||
| 467907565 | 18 | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of slovenia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | } | | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ ljubljana ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of slovenia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of slovenia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | } | the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , which applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004 . croatia applied for membership in | |
| 468701811 | 24 | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of slovenia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | } | the first former yugoslav republic | ' ' yugosphere ' ' is a term used | to join the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , which applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004 . croatia applied for membership in 2004 . macedonia applied in |
| 495666744 | 0 | {st@rt} {{ use dmy dates | date = february 2012 }} {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} | for | | the asteroid | 1554 yugoslavia }} {{ see also | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} {{ refimprove | date = september 2008 }} [[ file | |
| 495668696 | 1 | {st@rt} {{ refimprove | date = september 2008 }} {{ for | the asteroid | 1554 yugoslavia }} | {{ see also | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} | | the asteroid | 1554 yugoslavia }} {{ use dmy dates | date = february 2012 }} {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - | |
| 496174460 | 0 | the slavic words " jug " ( south ) and " slaveni " ( slavs ) . = = kingdom of yugoslavia = = {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia }} | [[ file : | {{ multiple image | align = right | direction = vertical | width = 210 | header = | image1 = | flag of the kingdom of yugoslavia . svg | thumb | right | flag of the kingdom of yugoslavia ]] [[ file : banovine jugoslavia . png | thumb | 250px |
| 497533362 | 1 | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of slovenia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | } | = = = succession = = = as the [[ yugoslav wars ]] raged through croatia and bosnia , the republics of serbia and montenegro , which remained relatively untouched by the war , formed a [[ rump state ]] known as the [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] in 1992 . the federal republic of yugoslavia aspired to be a sole [[ succession of states | legal successor ]] to the [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] , but those claims were opposed by other former republics . the united nations also [[ united nations security council resolution 777 | denied its request to automatically continue the membership of the former state ]] . < ref > {{ cite book | url = http : / / www . mpil . de / shared / data / pdf / pdfmpunyb / wood _ 1 . pdf | title = max planck yearbook of united nations law | chapter = participation of former yugoslav states in the united nations | pages = 241 – 243 }} < / ref > eventually , after the [[ overthrow of slobodan milošević ]] from power as president of the federation in 2000 , the country rescinded those aspirations and accepted the opinion of [[ badinter arbitration committee ]] about shared succession , and reapplied for and gained un membership on 2 november 2000 . < ref > {{ cite web | title = fr yugoslavia investment profile 2001 | url = http : / / www . fifoost . org / jugoslaw / yugo . pdf | publisher = ebrd country promotion programme | page = 3 }} < / ref > from 1992 to 2000 , some countries , including the united states , referred to the federal republic of yugoslavia as " serbia and montenegro " . < ref > 1999 [[ cia ]] [[ world factbook ]] : [ http : / / www . umsl . edu / services / govdocs / wofact99 / 265 . htm serbia and montenegro ] < / ref > the state was finally officially renamed [[ serbia and montenegro ]] in 2003 . | = = = yugosphere = = = the ' ' yugosphere ' ' is a term used to describe the present day physical areas which formed yugoslavia , as well as | |
| 499296493 | 0 | the five successor states was also known as the [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] , until 2003 . = = background = = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} | originating from [[ pan - slavism ]] ideologies | the concept of ' ' yugoslavia ' ' | , yugoslavia was ultimately the idea for a single state for all [[ south slavs | south slavic ]] [[ intelligentsia ]] and emerged in the late 17th and gained prominence |
| 499509992 | 5 | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of slovenia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | } | montenegro ]] ( 1992 - 2006 ) }} | = = = succession = = = as the [[ yugoslav wars ]] raged through croatia and bosnia , the republics of serbia and montenegro , which remained relatively untouched by | |
| 537097237 | 11 | url = http : / / www . fifoost . org / jugoslaw / yugo . pdf | publisher = ebrd country promotion programme | page = 3 }} < / | ref | > from 1992 to 2000 , some countries , including the united states , referred to the federal republic of yugoslavia as " serbia and montenegro " . < ref > | |
| 539572794 | 0 | in the balkans ]] [[ category : former countries in europe ]] [[ category : former slavic countries ]] [[ category : former monarchies ]] {{ link ga | no }} | [[ af : joego - slawië ]] [[ ar : يوغوسلافيا ]] [[ ast : yugoslavia ]] [[ az : yuqoslaviya ]] [[ be : югаславія ]] [[ be - x - old : югаславія ]] [[ bg : югославия ]] [[ bar : jugoslawien ]] [[ br : yougoslavia ]] | [[ ca : iugoslàvia ]] [[ cs : jugoslávie ]] [[ cy : iwgoslafia ]] [[ da : jugoslavien ]] [[ de : jugoslawien ]] [[ et : jugoslaavia ]] [[ | |
| 540800996 | 0 | in the balkans ]] [[ category : former countries in europe ]] [[ category : former slavic countries ]] [[ category : former monarchies ]] {{ link ga | no }} | [[ ca : iugoslàvia ]] [[ es : yugoslavia ]] [[ sr : југославија ]] [[ tr : yugoslavya ]] | ||
| 542641894 | 0 | since they would be demoted from a constituent nation of croatia and this would consequently diminish their rights . = = yugoslav wars = = {{ main | yugoslav wars }} | {{ very long section | date = november 2010 }} | the war broke out when the new regimes tried to replace yugoslav civilian and military forces with secessionist forces . when in august 1990 croatia attempted to replace police in the | |
| 588344999 | 2 | , and military history ' ' . santa barbara , california , usa : abc - clio , 2005 . pp . 1189 . < / ref > }} as the | name of | ' ' kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ' ' , was a country in the western part of [[ southeast europe ]] during most of the 20th century , | |
| 604401263 | 0 | assembly but a joint assembly with its provinces represented in it . = = = demographics = = = {{ main | demographics of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} | {{ see also | changes in yugoslavian religious demographics }} | yugoslavia had always been a home to a very diverse population , not only in terms of national affiliation , but also religious affiliation . of the many religions , islam | |
| 605734785 | 0 | the kingdom of yugoslavia | banovinas ]] of yugoslavia , 1929 – 39 . after 1939 the sava and littoral banovinas were merged into the [[ banovina of croatia ]] }} | the country was | formed in 1918 immediately after world war i as the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes by union of the [[ state of slovenes , croats and serbs ]] and | |
| 622094154 | 14 | [[ file : coat of arms of montenegro . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | may 21 , 2006 {{ fact | date = august 2014 }} | | 3 | june 3 , 2006 {{ fact | date = august 2014 }} | may 21 | - | [[ serbia ]] | [[ belgrade ]] | < center > [[ file | |
| 17 | [[ file : coat of arms of serbia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | may 22 , 2006 {{ fact | date = august 2014 }} | | 5 | june 5 , 2006 {{ fact | date = august 2014 }} | february 15 | - | [[ slovenia ]] | [[ ljubljana ]] | < center > [[ file | ||
| 656901506 | 3 | arms of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | 1 march 1992 | 6 april 1992 {{ citation needed | date = august 2014 }} | < br / > {{ citation needed | date = august 2014 }} | {{ dts | | 1 march | - | [[ croatia ]] | [[ zagreb ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of croatia . svg | 70px | border ]] < | |
| 7 | : coat of arms of croatia . svg | 40px ]] < center > | 25 june 1991 | 8 october 1991 {{ citation needed | date = august 2014 }} | < br / > {{ citation needed | date = august 2014 }} | {{ dts | | 25 june | - | [[ kosovo ]] | [[ pristina ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of kosovo . svg | 70px | border ]] < | ||
| 11 | > | 17 february 2008 | no official recognition due to [[ international recognition of kosovo | ongoing kosovar sovereignty dispute ]] {{ citation needed | date = august 2014 }} | | {{ dts | | 17 february | - | [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] | [[ skopje ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of macedonia . svg | 70px | ||
| 15 | of the republic of macedonia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | 8 september 1991 | 8 april 1993 {{ citation needed | date = august 2014 }} | < br / > {{ citation needed | date = august 2014 }} | {{ dts | | 8 september | - | [[ montenegro ]] | [[ podgorica ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of montenegro . svg | 70px | border ]] < | ||
| 18 | > [[ file : coat of arms of montenegro . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | 21 may 2006 {{ citation needed | date = august 2014 }} | < br / > {{ citation needed | date = august 2014 }} | {{ dts | | 3 june 2006 {{ citation needed | date = august 2014 }} | 21 may | - | [[ serbia ]] | [[ belgrade ]] | < center > [[ | ||
| 19 | ]] < / center > | 21 may 2006 {{ citation needed | date = august 2014 }} | 3 june 2006 {{ citation needed | date = august 2014 }} | < br / > {{ citation needed | date = august 2014 }} | {{ dts | | 21 may | - | [[ serbia ]] | [[ belgrade ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of serbia . svg | 70px | border ]] < | ||
| 22 | > [[ file : coat of arms of serbia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | 22 may 2006 {{ citation needed | date = august 2014 }} | < br / > {{ citation needed | date = august 2014 }} | {{ dts | | 5 june 2006 {{ citation needed | date = august 2014 }} | 15 february | - | [[ slovenia ]] | [[ ljubljana ]] | < center > [[ | ||
| 23 | ]] < / center > | 22 may 2006 {{ citation needed | date = august 2014 }} | 5 june 2006 {{ citation needed | date = august 2014 }} | < br / > {{ citation needed | date = august 2014 }} | {{ dts | | 15 february | - | [[ slovenia ]] | [[ ljubljana ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of slovenia . svg | 70px | border ]] < | ||
| 700521033 | 0 | asteroid | 1554 yugoslavia }} {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} | {{ infobox former country | conventional _ long _ name = yugoslavia | native _ name = jugoslavija < br / > југославија | common _ name = yugoslavia | continent = europe | region = balkans | life _ span = 1918 – 1992 | p1 = | flag _ p1 = | p2 = | flag _ p2 = | s1 = | flag _ s1 = | s2 = | flag _ s2 = | s3 = | flag _ s3 = | image _ flag = flag of the kingdom of yugoslavia . svg | flag = flag of yugoslavia | flag _ type = flag ( 1918 ) | flag _ border = | image _ coat = | symbol = | symbol _ type = | image _ map = yugoslavia location map . svg | image _ map _ caption = location and extent of yugoslavia in europe < br / > before and after [[ world war ii ]] . | latd = | latm = | latns = n | longd = | longm = | longew = e | national _ motto = | national _ anthem = [[ hey , slavs ]] ( 1977 ) < br / > < center > [[ file : united states navy band - hey , slavs . ogg ]] < / center > | capital = [[ belgrade ]] | demonym = yugoslav | common _ languages = [[ serbo - croatian ]] < br > < small > ( de facto ) < / small > | government _ type = monarchy < small > < br / > ( 1918 - 1945 ) < / small > < br / > single - party state < small > ( 1945 - 1990 ) < / small > | title _ leader = | leader1 = | year _ leader1 = | leader2 = | year _ leader2 = | leader3 = | year _ leader3 = | leader4 = | year _ leader4 = | title _ deputy = | deputy1 = | year _ deputy1 = | deputy2 = | year _ deputy2 = | era = | event _ start = independence | date _ start = 1 december | year _ start = 1918 | event1 = | date _ event1 = | event2 = | date _ event2 = | event3 = | date _ event3 = | event4 = | date _ event4 = | event _ end = | date _ end = 27 april | year _ end = 1992 | stat _ year1 = | stat _ area1 = | stat _ pop1 = | stat _ year2 = | stat _ area2 = | stat _ pop2 = | cctld = [[ . yu ]] | calling _ code = 38 | currency = [[ yugoslav dinar ]] | footnotes = | today = }} | [[ file : yugoslavia location map . svg | thumb | right | 300px | general location of yugoslavia . first established with the [[ treaty of rapallo , 1920 | | |
| 700521135 | 0 | stat _ pop2 = | cctld = [[ . yu ]] | calling _ code = 38 | currency = [[ yugoslav dinar ]] | footnotes = | today = }} | [[ file : yugoslavia location map . svg | thumb | right | 300px | general location of yugoslavia . first established with the [[ treaty of rapallo , 1920 | treaty of rapallo ]] , the original western border left a population of half a million [[ south slavs ]] < ref name = " hehnp _ low _ dishonest _ decade " > hehn , paul n . ( 2005 ) [ https : / / books . google . com / books ? id = noalhezkydkc & pg = pa45 & dq = % 22the + treaty + left + half + a + million + slavs + inside + italy + while + only + a + few + hundred + italians & lr = & sig = acfu3u1d _ etppjl - 3k8nsyws4mfuun44sq a low dishonest decade : italy , the powers and eastern europe , 1918 – 1939 . ] , chapter 2 , ' ' mussolini , prisoner of the mediterranean ' ' < / ref > in [[ italy ]] . ]] | ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ serbo - croatian ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] : ' ' jugoslavija | |
| 700570008 | 0 | asteroid | 1554 yugoslavia }} {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} | {{ infobox former country | conventional _ long _ name = yugoslavia | native _ name = jugoslavija < br / > југославија | common _ name = yugoslavia | continent = europe | region = balkans | life _ span = 1918 – 1992 | p1 = | flag _ p1 = | p2 = | flag _ p2 = | s1 = | flag _ s1 = | s2 = | flag _ s2 = | s3 = | flag _ s3 = | image _ flag = flag of the kingdom of yugoslavia . svg | flag = flag of yugoslavia | flag _ type = flag ( 1918 ) | flag _ border = | image _ coat = | symbol = | symbol _ type = | image _ map = yugoslavia location map . svg | image _ map _ caption = location and extent of yugoslavia in europe < br / > before and after [[ world war ii ]] . | latd = | latm = | latns = n | longd = | longm = | longew = e | national _ motto = | national _ anthem = [[ hey , slavs ]] ( 1977 ) < br / > < center > [[ file : united states navy band - hey , slavs . ogg ]] < / center > | capital = [[ belgrade ]] | demonym = yugoslav | common _ languages = [[ serbo - croatian ]] < br > < small > ( de facto ) < / small > | government _ type = monarchy < small > < br / > ( 1918 - 1945 ) < / small > < br / > single - party state < small > ( 1945 - 1990 ) < / small > | title _ leader = | leader1 = | year _ leader1 = | leader2 = | year _ leader2 = | leader3 = | year _ leader3 = | leader4 = | year _ leader4 = | title _ deputy = | deputy1 = | year _ deputy1 = | deputy2 = | year _ deputy2 = | era = | event _ start = independence | date _ start = 1 december | year _ start = 1918 | event1 = | date _ event1 = | event2 = | date _ event2 = | event3 = | date _ event3 = | event4 = | date _ event4 = | event _ end = | date _ end = 27 april | year _ end = 1992 | stat _ year1 = | stat _ area1 = | stat _ pop1 = | stat _ year2 = | stat _ area2 = | stat _ pop2 = | cctld = [[ . yu ]] | calling _ code = 38 | currency = [[ yugoslav dinar ]] | footnotes = | today = }} | [[ file : yugoslavia location map . svg | thumb | right | 300px | general location of yugoslavia . first established with the [[ treaty of rapallo , 1920 | treaty of rapallo ]] , the original western border left a population of half a million [[ south slavs ]] < ref name = " hehnp _ low _ dishonest _ decade " > hehn , paul n . ( 2005 ) [ https : / / books . google . com / books ? id = noalhezkydkc & pg = pa45 & dq = % 22the + treaty + left + half + a + million + slavs + inside + italy + while + only + a + few + hundred + italians & lr = & sig = acfu3u1d _ etppjl - 3k8nsyws4mfuun44sq a low dishonest decade : italy , the powers and eastern europe , 1918 – 1939 . ] , chapter 2 , ' ' mussolini , prisoner of the mediterranean ' ' < / ref > in [[ italy ]] . ]] | ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ serbo - croatian ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] : ' ' jugoslavija |
| 702550695 | 1 | became independent states , while [[ republic of kosovo | kosovo ]] proclaimed independence in [[ 2008 ]] . = = background = = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} | ' ' ' | the concept of ' ' [[ yugoslavia ]] ' ' , as a single state for all [[ south slavs | south slavic ]] peoples , emerged in the late [[ | |
| 702589142 | 67 | , while [[ republic of kosovo | kosovo ]] proclaimed independence in [[ 2008 ]] . = = background = = ' ' ' {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} | ' ' ' | the concept of ' ' [[ yugoslavia ]] ' ' , as a single state for all [[ south slavs | south slavic ]] peoples , emerged in the late [[ | |
| 716054078 | 0 | , since they would be demoted from the status of a constituent nation of the entirety of yugoslavia . = = yugoslav wars = = {{ main | yugoslav wars }} | {{ refimprove | section | date = april 2016 }} | the war broke out when the new regimes tried to replace yugoslav civilian and military forces with secessionist forces . when , in august 1990 , croatia attempted to replace police | |
| 754485190 | 11 | 40px ]] | {{ dts | 21 may 2006 }} < br / > {{ citation needed | date = august 2014 }} | {{ dts | 3 june 2006 }} | ) | }} < br / > {{ citation needed | date = august 2014 }} | {{ dts | 15 february }} | - | [[ slovenia ]] | [[ ljubljana ]] | |
| 768996113 | 0 | in the western balkans }} {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} | {{ infobox former country | native _ name = ' ' jugoslavija ' ' {{ ref label | sh - lat | a | } } {{ ref label | sl | c | } } < br / > {{ font | југославија | size = 12 . 4px }} {{ ref label | sh - cyr | b | } } | conventional _ long _ name = yugoslavia | common _ name = yugoslavia | | continent = europe | region = balkans | era = [[ world war i ]] {{ • }} [[ world war ii ]] {{ • }} [[ cold war ]] {{ • }} [[ yugoslav wars ]] | government _ type = [[ monarchy ]] ( 1918 - 1945 ) < br > [[ republic ]] ( 1945 - 2006 ) | | year _ start = 1918 | year _ end = 2006 | event _ start = [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] | date _ start = 1 december | event _ end = end of yugoslavia | date _ end = 5 june | event1 = [[ yugoslav partisans ]] | date _ event1 = june 1941 | event2 = [[ united nations ]] [[ united nations charter | admission ]] | date _ event2 = 25 october 1945 | event3 = [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic ]] | date _ event3 = 29 november 1945 | event4 = [[ serbia and montenegro | federal republic ]] | date _ event4 = 28 april 1992 | event5 = [[ constitutional charter of serbia and montenegro | state union ]] | date _ event5 = 24 february 2003 | | p1 = state of slovenes , croats and serbs | flag _ p1 = flag of the state of slovenes , croats and serbs . svg | p2 = kingdom of serbia | flag _ p2 = state flag of serbia ( 1882 - 1918 ) . svg | p3 = kingdom of montenegro | flag _ p3 = flag of the kingdom of montenegro . svg | p4 = free territory of trieste | flag _ p4 = free territory trieste flag . svg | s1 = croatia | flag _ s1 = flag of croatia . svg | s2 = slovenia | flag _ s2 = flag of slovenia . svg | s3 = republic of macedonia {{ ! }} macedonia | flag _ s3 = flag of the republic of macedonia 1991 - 1995 . svg | s4 = republic of bosnia and herzegovina {{ ! }} bosnia and herzegovina | flag _ s4 = flag of bosnia and herzegovina ( 1992 - 1998 ) . svg | s5 = serbia | flag _ s5 = flag of serbia . svg | s6 = montenegro | flag _ s6 = flag of montenegro . svg | s7 = kosovo | flag _ s7 = flag of kosovo . svg | | image _ flag = flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | flag = flag of yugoslavia | flag _ type = flag {{ small | ( 1945 - 1992 ) }} | image _ coat = grb jugoslavije . svg | symbol = emblem of yugoslavia | symbol _ type = emblem {{ small | ( 1963 - 1992 ) }} | image _ map = yugoslavia location map . svg | image _ map _ caption = general location of yugoslavia over the years . | | capital = [[ belgrade ]] | national _ motto = ' ' [[ brotherhood and unity | bratstvo i jedinstvo ]] ' ' < br / > {{ small | " brotherhood and unity " }} | national _ anthem = ' ' [[ hey , slavs | hej , slaveni ]] ' ' < br / > хеј , словени < br / > {{ small | " hey , slavs " }} < br / > {{ center | | [[ file : yugoslavia location map . svg | thumb | right | 300px | general location of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( {{ lang - | |
| 772701137 | 10 | in the western balkans }} {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} | {{ infobox former country | native _ name = ' ' jugoslavija ' ' {{ ref label | sh - lat | a | } } {{ ref label | sl | c | } } < br / > {{ font | југославија | size = 12 . 4px }} {{ ref label | sh - cyr | b | } } | conventional _ long _ name = yugoslavia | common _ name = yugoslavia | | continent = europe | region = balkans | era = [[ world war i ]] {{ • }} [[ world war ii ]] {{ • }} [[ cold war ]] {{ • }} [[ yugoslav wars ]] | government _ type = [[ monarchy ]] ( 1918 – 1945 ) < br > [[ republic ]] ( 1945 – 2006 ) | | year _ start = 1918 | year _ end = 2006 | event _ start = [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] | date _ start = 1 december | event _ end = end of yugoslavia | date _ end = 5 june | event1 = [[ yugoslav partisans ]] | date _ event1 = june 1941 | event2 = [[ united nations ]] [[ united nations charter | admission ]] | date _ event2 = 25 october 1945 | event3 = [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic ]] | date _ event3 = 29 november 1945 | event4 = [[ serbia and montenegro | federal republic ]] | date _ event4 = 28 april 1992 | event5 = [[ constitutional charter of serbia and montenegro | state union ]] | date _ event5 = 24 february 2003 | | p1 = state of slovenes , croats and serbs | flag _ p1 = flag of the state of slovenes , croats and serbs . svg | p2 = kingdom of serbia | flag _ p2 = state flag of serbia ( 1882 - 1918 ) . svg | p3 = kingdom of montenegro | flag _ p3 = flag of the kingdom of montenegro . svg | p4 = free territory of trieste | flag _ p4 = free territory trieste flag . svg | s1 = croatia | flag _ s1 = flag of croatia . svg | s2 = slovenia | flag _ s2 = flag of slovenia . svg | s3 = republic of macedonia {{ ! }} macedonia | flag _ s3 = flag of the republic of macedonia 1991 - 1995 . svg | s4 = republic of bosnia and herzegovina {{ ! }} bosnia and herzegovina | flag _ s4 = flag of bosnia and herzegovina ( 1992 - 1998 ) . svg | s5 = serbia | flag _ s5 = flag of serbia . svg | s6 = montenegro | flag _ s6 = flag of montenegro . svg | s7 = kosovo | flag _ s7 = flag of kosovo . svg | | image _ flag = flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | flag = flag of yugoslavia | flag _ type = flag {{ small | ( 1945 - 1992 ) }} | image _ coat = grb jugoslavije . svg | symbol = emblem of yugoslavia | symbol _ type = emblem {{ small | ( 1963 - 1992 ) }} | image _ map = yugoslavia location map . svg | image _ map _ caption = location of yugoslavia . | | capital = [[ belgrade ]] | national _ motto = ' ' [[ brotherhood and unity | bratstvo i jedinstvo ]] ' ' < br / > {{ small | " brotherhood and unity " }} | national _ anthem = ' ' [[ hey , slavs | hej , slaveni ]] ' ' < br / > хеј , словени < br / > {{ small | " hey , slavs " }} < br / > {{ center | | [[ file : united states navy band - hey , slavs . ogg ]] }} | common _ languages = [[ serbo - croatian ]] {{ ref label | d | | |
| 12 | | title _ leader = [[ list of heads of state of yugoslavia | president ]] | leader1 = [[ ivan ribar ]] {{ small | ( first ) }} | | leader2 = [[ josip broz tito ]] | leader3 = [[ stjepan mesić ]] {{ small | ( last ) }} | year _ leader1 = 1945 – 1953 | year _ leader2 = 1953 – 1980 | year _ leader3 = 1991 | | title _ representative = [[ prime minister of yugoslavia | prime minister ]] | representative1 = [[ josip broz tito ]] {{ small | ( first ) }} | representative2 = [[ ante marković ]] {{ small | ( last ) }} | year _ representative1 = 1945 – 1953 | year _ representative2 = 1989 – 1991 | | title _ deputy = [[ | general secretary of the league of communists of yugoslavia | general secretary ]] | deputy1 = [[ josip broz tito ]] {{ small | ( first ) }} | deputy2 = | ||
| 785594096 | 2 | ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( {{ lang - sh | jugoslavija }} / југославија , {{ lang - sl | jugoslavija }} , {{ lang - mk | југославија }} | {{ ipa - mk | juɡɔˈsɫavija | } } | ) was a country in [[ southeast europe ]] during most of the 20th century . it came into existence after [[ world war i ]] in 1918 {{ efn - | |
| 807327529 | 5 | | general location of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( {{ lang - sh | jugoslavija / }} југославија {{ ipa - sh | juɡǒslaːʋija | } | } ; {{ lang - sl | jugoslavija }} {{ ipa - sl | juɡɔˈslàːʋija | } } ; {{ lang - mk | југославија }} {{ ipa - mk | juɡɔˈsɫavija | } | } ) was a country in [[ southeast europe ]] during most of the 20th century . it came into existence after [[ world war i ]] in 1918 {{ efn | |
| 817382760 | 0 | kingdom of yugoslavia ]] }} {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} | [[ file : yugoslavia location map | {{ infobox former country | conventional _ long _ name = yugoslavia | native _ name = | common _ name = yugoslavia | continent = europe | region = east europe | life _ span = 1918 – 1992 | p1 = austria - hungary | flag _ p1 = flag of austria - hungary 1869 - 1918 | . svg | thumb | right | 300px | general location of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ serbo - croatian language | serbo - croatian |
| 817772841 | 0 | ! }} bosnia and herzegovina | flag _ s4 = flag of bosnia and herzegovina ( 1992 - 1998 ) . svg | s5 = serbia and montenegro {{ ! }} | federal republic of | fr | yugoslavia | flag _ s5 = flag of fr yugoslavia . svg | | image _ flag = flag of the kingdom of yugoslavia . svg | flag _ type = |
| 817773722 | 0 | bogoljub kočović ]] showed that the actual number of dead was about 1 million . = = sfr yugoslavia = = {{ main article | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} | [[ file : flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | thumb | flag of the [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ]] | on 11 november 1945 [[ yugoslavian parliamentary election , 1945 | elections ]] were held with only the communist - led national front appearing on the ballot , securing all 354 | |
| 819813040 | 0 | ! }} bosnia and herzegovina | flag _ s4 = flag of bosnia and herzegovina ( 1992 - 1998 ) . svg | s5 = serbia and montenegro {{ ! }} | fr | federal republic of | yugoslavia | flag _ s5 = flag of fr yugoslavia . svg | | image _ flag = flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | flag _ type = flag ( |
| 827934807 | 0 | republic of yugoslavia ]] }} {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} | [[ file : yugoslavia location map . svg | {{ infobox former country | conventional _ long _ name = yugoslavia | native _ name = | common _ name = yugoslavia | continent = europe | region = southeastern europe | life _ span = 1918 – 1992 | p1 = kingdom of serbia | flag _ p1 = state flag of serbia ( 1882 - 1918 ) . svg | p2 = state of slovenes , croats and serbs | flag _ p2 = flag of the state of slovenes , croats and serbs . svg | s1 = croatia | flag _ s1 = flag of croatia . svg | s2 = slovenia | flag _ s2 = flag of slovenia . svg | s3 = republic of macedonia {{ ! }} macedonia | flag _ s3 = flag of the republic of macedonia 1991 - 1995 . svg | s4 = republic of bosnia and herzegovina {{ ! }} bosnia and herzegovina | flag _ s4 = flag of bosnia and herzegovina ( 1992 - 1998 ) . svg | | thumb | right | 300px | general location of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ serbo - croatian language | serbo - croatian ]] , |
| 828432502 | 0 | preez bezdrob : ' ' sarajevo roses : war memoirs of a peacekeeper ' ' . oshun , 2002 . {{ isbn | 1 - 77007 - 031 - 1 }} | * {{ cite book | ref = harv | editor - last = bataković | editor - first = dušan t . | editor - link = dušan t . bataković | title = histoire du peuple serbe | trans - title = history of the serbian people | language = french | date = 2005 | location = lausanne | publisher = l ’ age d ’ homme | url = https : / / books . google . com / books ? id = a0ja _ ldh6nsc }} | * chan , adrian : ' ' free to choose : a teacher ' s resource and activity guide to revolution and reform in eastern europe ' ' . stanford , | |
| 842266865 | 2 | ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] : ' ' {{ lang | sh | jugoslavija }} ' ' , југославија ; {{ ipa - sh | juɡǒslaːʋija | } | } ; {{ lang - sl | jugoslavija }} {{ ipa - sl | juɡɔˈslàːʋija | } } ; {{ lang - mk | југославија }} {{ ipa - mk | juɡɔˈsɫavija | } | } ) was a country in [[ southeast europe | southeastern ]] and [[ central europe ]] for most of the 20th century . it came into existence after [[ world | |
| 842717716 | 0 | - sl | jugoslavija }} {{ ipa - sl | juɡɔˈslàːʋija | } } ; {{ lang - mk | југославија }} {{ ipa - mk | juɡɔˈsɫavija | } } | ; [[ pannonian rusyn language | pannonian rusyn ]] : {{ lang | rue | югославия }} , < small > [[ transcription ( linguistics ) | transcr . ]] < / small > ' ' juhoslavija ' ' | ) was a country in [[ southeast europe | southeastern ]] and [[ central europe ]] for most of the 20th century . it came into existence after [[ world war | |
| 846351997 | 3 | & uid = 4 & sid = 21100853300901 | title = agreement on succession issues between the five successor states of the former state of yugoslavia | publisher = }} < | / ref > | marking an important transition in its history , the federal republic of yugoslavia was officially renamed [[ serbia and montenegro ]] in 2003 . according to the succession agreement signed in | |
| 846863177 | 4 | ! }} bosnia and herzegovina | flag _ s4 = flag of bosnia and herzegovina ( 1992 - 1998 ) . svg | s5 = serbia and montenegro {{ ! }} | fr | federal republic of | yugoslavia | flag _ s5 = flag of fr yugoslavia . svg | | image _ flag = [[ file : flag of the kingdom of yugoslavia . svg | 120px |
| left_string | del_string | ins_string | right_string | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 298090 | 3 | croatia and bosnia , croatian in bosnia , albanian in serbia and macedonia , hungarian in serbia ) , this led to some often bloody civil wars ( croatia , bosnia | ]] | , [[ kosovo ]] ) . for more information about the current situation in yugoslavia , see [[ serbia and montenegro ]] , the name under which the republic is currently | |
| 298091 | 2 | led to some often bloody civil wars ( [[ croatia ]] , [[ bosnia ]] , [[ kosovo war ]] ) . for more information about the current situation in yugoslavia | the balkan was unified under the name of the socialist federal republic of [[ | yugoslavia , see [[ serbia and montenegro ]] , the name under which the republic is currently officially recognised by the [[ united states ]] . < b > [[ country | |
| 20114 | 0 | , croatian in bosnia , albanian in serbia and macedonia , hungarian in serbia ) , this led to some often bloody civil wars ( [[ croatia ]] , [[ bosnia | and herzegovina | bosnia | ]] , [[ kosovo war ]] ) . < b > [[ country codes | country code ]] ( top level domain ) : < / b > yu during most | |
| 73806 | 1 | montenegro ]] , with the status of [[ kosovo ]] still uncertain . because there were large ethnic minorities within the various countries ( serbian regions in croatia and bosnia , | [[ croatia | | croatian in bosnia , albanian in serbia and f . y . r . o . m . , hungarian in serbia ) , this led to some often bloody civil | |
| 2 | ]] , with the status of [[ kosovo ]] still uncertain . because there were large ethnic minorities within the various countries ( serbian regions in croatia and bosnia , croatian | ]] | in bosnia , albanian in serbia and f . y . r . o . m . , hungarian in serbia ) , this led to some often bloody civil wars | ||
| 6 | albanian in serbia and f . y . r . o . m . , hungarian in serbia ) , this led to some often bloody civil wars ( [[ croatia | / history | croatia | ]] , [[ bosnia and herzegovina | bosnia ]] , [[ kosovo war ]] ) . the united nations , and many other states ( including the [[ united states ]] | ||
| 7 | and f . y . r . o . m . , hungarian in serbia ) , this led to some often bloody civil wars ( [[ croatia ]] , [[ | history of | bosnia and herzegovina | bosnia ]] , [[ kosovo war ]] ) . the united nations , and many other states ( including the [[ united states ]] ) refused to | ||
| 644304 | 3 | other changes , promised the end of yugoslavia . on 4th february , 2003 the federal parliament of yugoslavia agreed to independence of [[ serbia ]] and [[ montenegro ]] within | a lose commonwealth | the union . the new nation is | called [[ serbia and montenegro ]] ' ' ' . < b > [[ country codes | country code ]] ( top level domain ) : < / b > yu |
| 823595 | 3 | ' ' ' has been a country in southeastern [[ europe ]] , formed in [[ 1918 ]] as the [[ kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ]] and renamed | the " | kingdom of yugoslavia in [[ 1929 ]] . after [[ world war ii ]] it became a [[ communism | communist ]] country , ( petar ii [[ karadjordjevic ]] was | |
| 875824 | 0 | s death , tension between the various peoples grew , and since [[ 1991 ]] , [[ slovenia ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] and [[ | republic of macedonia | | macedonia / former yugoslav republic of macedonia ]] all gained their independence . nowadays the only remaining republics are [[ serbia ]] and [[ montenegro ]] , with the status of | |
| 1254221 | 0 | 1946 to [[ 1963 ]] , * * ' ' ' socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ' ' ' from 1963 to 1992 . * [[ federal republic of yugoslavia | | republic of | rump | yugoslavia ]] , which exists from 1992 , under names : * * ' ' ' federal republic of yugoslavia ' ' ' , from 1992 to [[ 2003 ]] , |
| 1 | 1918 to [[ 1929 ]] , * * ' ' ' kingdom of yugoslavia ' ' ' from 1929 to 1941 . * [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | socialist | republic of | yugoslavia ]] , which existed from [[ 1945 ]] to [[ 1992 ]] , under names : * * ' ' ' democratic federal yugoslavia ' ' ' | serbia and the republic of macedonia , [[ hungary | hungarian ]] in serbia ) , this was used as the cause for some bloody wars ( [[ history of slovenia | |
| 1338233 | 5 | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia , although they accepted it as constituting a state . this situation is now resolved , with the admission of the federal republic of yugoslavia to | the united nations in [[ 2000 ]] . in [[ 2002 ]] , | serbia and montenegro came to a new agreement regarding continued co - operation , which , among other changes , promised the end of yugoslavia . on february 4 , 2003 | |
| 5415837 | 0 | ' [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( fry ) ' ' ' and was formed in [[ 1992 ]] on the territory of the remaining republics of [[ serbia ]] | ( which includes provinces of [[ vojvodina ]] and [[ kosovo ]] ) | and [[ montenegro ]] . in [[ 2003 ]] , name yugoslavia was officially abolished when the state was transformed into a loose commonwealth called [[ serbia and montenegro ]] . | |
| 3 | acceptance generally isn ' t expected before 2015 . see also : [[ enlargement of the european union ]] = = see also = = * [[ history of yugoslavia ]] | = = legacy = = the present - day countries created from the former parts of yugoslavia are : * [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] * [[ croatia ]] * [[ republic of macedonia ]] * [[ serbia and montenegro ]] * [[ slovenia ]] | [[ history of yugoslavia ]] {{ sfry }} [[ da : jugoslavien ]] [[ de : jugoslawien ]] [[ et : jugoslaavia ]] [[ fr : yougoslavie ]] [[ hr : | ||
| 4 | and [[ montenegro ]] . in [[ 2003 ]] , name yugoslavia was officially abolished when the state was transformed into a loose commonwealth called [[ serbia and montenegro ]] . | = = former republics in european union = = | the first former yugoslav republic that joined the [[ european union ]] was slovenia which applied in [[ 1996 ]] and became a member in [[ 2004 ]] . croatia applied | ||
| 8014920 | 0 | of yugoslavia are : * [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] * [[ croatia ]] * [[ republic of macedonia ]] * [[ serbia and montenegro ]] * [[ slovenia ]] the | very | first former yugoslav republic that joined the [[ european union ]] was slovenia which applied in [[ 1996 ]] and became a member in [[ 2004 ]] . croatia applied for | |
| 8189112 | 0 | of yugoslavia are : * [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] * [[ croatia ]] * [[ republic of macedonia ]] * [[ serbia and montenegro ]] * [[ slovenia ]] the | very | first former yugoslav republic that joined the [[ european union ]] was slovenia which applied in [[ 1996 ]] and became a member in [[ 2004 ]] . croatia applied for | |
| 8640305 | 0 | ; & # 1493 ; & # 1505 ; & # 1500 ; & # 1489 ; & # 1497 ; & # 1492 ; ]] [[ hr : jugoslavija ]] | [[ io : yugoslavia ]] | [[ it : jugoslavia ]] [[ nl : joegoslavië ]] [[ ja : & # 12518 ; & # 12540 ; & # 12468 ; & # 12473 ; & # | |
| 8778698 | 8 | in autumn 1990 , however [[ slobodan milosevic | milosevic ]] rejected all such proposals with an argument that all serbs should live in the [[ greater serbia | same country | ]] | . slovenia and croatia declared independence from yugoslavia in [[ 1991 ]] ; macedonia followed in [[ 1992 ]] together with bosnia - herzegovina , albeit only two out of three | |
| 9341361 | 0 | [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( fry ) ' ' ' and was formed in [[ 1992 ]] on the territory of the remaining republics of [[ serbia ]] ( | which includes | including the autonomous | provinces of [[ vojvodina ]] and [[ kosovo ]] ) and [[ montenegro ]] . in [[ 2003 ]] , the name yugoslavia was officially abolished when the state was transformed |
| 3 | of yugoslavia , tried to play on the revived serb nationalism , but ended up alienating all the other ethnic groups in the federation . autonomy of [[ vojvodina ]] and | of [[ | kosovo was reduced , though both entities retained a vote in the yugoslav presidency council . [[ image : smilo . jpg | frame | left | milo & # 353 | ||
| 6 | the [[ united nations ]] [[ international criminal tribunal for the former yugoslavia ]] . his trial on charges of [[ genocide ]] in bosnia and war crimes in croatia and | in | kosovo and metohia began at [[ the hague ]] on [[ february 12 ]] , [[ 2002 ]] . on [[ april 11 ]] , the yugoslav parliament passed a law | ||
| 9382057 | 1 | that all serbs should live in the same country . slovenia and croatia declared independence from yugoslavia in [[ 1991 ]] ; macedonia followed in [[ 1992 ]] together with bosnia | - | and | herzegovina , albeit only by two out of its three constitutive peoples , bosniaks and croats . secession of the new - formed states marked the beginning of the bloody and |
| 9383013 | 10 | voted against . the tie somewhat delayed escalation of conflicts , but not for long . following the first multi - party election results , republics of slovenia and croatia proposed | to transform | transforming | yugoslavia into loose confederation of six republics in autumn 1990 , however [[ slobodan milosevic | milo & # 353 ; evi & # 263 ; ]] rejected all such proposals |
| 12429233 | 2 | the second world war = = at 05 : 15 on [[ april 6 ]] [[ 1941 ]] , [[ nazi germany | german ]] , [[ italy | italian ]] | , | and | [[ hungary | hungarian ]] , and [[ bulgaria ]] n forces attacked yugoslavia . the [[ luftwaffe ]] bombed [[ belgrade ]] and other major yugoslav cities . on [[ |
| 12432682 | 0 | the second world war = = at 05 : 15 on [[ april 6 ]] [[ 1941 ]] , [[ nazi germany | german ]] , [[ italy | italian ]] | and | , | [[ hungary | hungarian ]] forces attacked yugoslavia . the [[ luftwaffe ]] bombed [[ belgrade ]] and other major yugoslav cities . on [[ april 17 ]] , representatives of |
| 13197885 | 5 | years of peace , in [[ 1998 ]] , the albanian organization [[ kosovo liberation army ]] started terrorist actions in the southern serbian province . in [[ 1999 ]] nato | bombed | proceeded to bombard | serbia and montenegro for more than two months ( see [[ kosovo war ]] ) . since june 1999 , the province has been governed by peace - keeping forces from |
| 13337323 | 0 | 1992 ]] , by which time four of its six constituent republics - [[ slovenia ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] and [[ bosnia | - | and | herzegovina ]] - had seceded . * the third was called ' ' ' [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( fry ) ' ' ' and was formed in [[ |
| 15930116 | 0 | slobodan milosevic | milo & # 353 ; evi & # 263 ; ]] rejected all such proposals , arguing that all serbs should live in the same country . slovenia | , croatia | and croatia declared independence from yugoslavia in [[ 1991 ]] ; macedonia followed in [[ 1992 ]] . bosnia and herzegovina held a referendum on independence in the same year ; | |
| 22506196 | 1 | republics in the autumn of 1990 , however [[ slobodan milošević | milošević ]] rejected all such proposals , arguing that all serbs should live in the same country . slovenia | , | and | croatia and macedonia declared independence from yugoslavia in [[ 1991 ]] . bosnia and herzegovina held a referendum on independence in the same year ; this vote was boycotted by the |
| 2 | the autumn of 1990 , however [[ slobodan milošević | milošević ]] rejected all such proposals , arguing that all serbs should live in the same country . slovenia , croatia | and macedonia declared | became the first republics to declare | independence from yugoslavia in [[ 1991 ]] . bosnia and herzegovina held a referendum on independence in the same year ; this vote was boycotted by the sizeable serb minority there | |
| 23102723 | 0 | ' ' ' . this remained in place until [[ 1992 ]] , by which time four of its six constituent republics - [[ slovenia ]] , [[ croatia ]] , | the | [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] and [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] - had seceded . * the third was called ' ' ' [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] | |
| 23116671 | 1 | ' ' ' . this remained in place until [[ 1992 ]] , by which time four of its six constituent republics - [[ slovenia ]] , [[ croatia ]] , | the | [[ republic of macedonia ]] and [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] - had seceded . * the third was called ' ' ' [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( fry | |
| 25683008 | 2 | republics and two autonomous province . the republics were : * [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , * [[ croatia ]] , * [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] , | * [[ | ' ' ' in 1974 | montenegro ]] , * [[ serbia ]] and * [[ slovenia ]] and within serbia ' s new reduced borders , the people of the following two regions were granted limited |
| 3 | autonomous province . the republics were : * [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , * [[ croatia ]] , * [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] , * [[ montenegro | ]] , * [[ serbia ]] | the two provinces of vojvodina and kosovo as well as the republics of bosnia & herzegovina and | and * [[ slovenia ]] and within serbia ' s new reduced borders , the people of the following two regions were granted limited autonomous rights : * [[ vojvodina ]] | |
| 25770220 | 1 | and the serbo - croat of bosnia and montenegro altered to a form based on the speech of the local people and not on the standards of zagreb and belgrade . | ' ' ' | [[ vojvodina ]] and [[ kosovo ]] form a part of the republic of [[ serbia ]] . the country distanced itself from the soviets in [[ 1948 ]] ( cf | |
| 26256919 | 1 | was formed in [[ 1992 ]] on the territory of the remaining republics of [[ serbia ]] ( including the autonomous provinces of [[ vojvodina ]] and of [[ kosovo ]] | , officially known as kosovo and [[ metohija ]] | ) and [[ montenegro ]] . in [[ 2001 ]] , the name yugoslavia was to be officially abolished when the state would transform into a loose commonwealth called [[ serbia | |
| 26257312 | 0 | was formed in [[ 1992 ]] on the territory of the remaining republics of [[ serbia ]] ( including the autonomous provinces of [[ vojvodina ]] and of [[ kosovo ]] | , officially known as kosovo and [[ metohija ]] | ) and [[ montenegro ]] . in [[ 2001 ]] , the name yugoslavia was to be officially abolished when the state would transform into a loose commonwealth called [[ serbia | |
| 30274718 | 1 | [[ bosnia - herzegovina ]] as well as part of [[ serbia ]] and [[ slovenia ]] , while other parts of the country were occupied by [[ albania ]] , | and others occupied by | [[ bulgaria ]] , [[ hungary ]] and [[ italy ]] . yugoslavs opposing the [[ nazi ]] s organized resistance movements . those inclined towards supporting the old kingdom of | |
| 30275579 | 2 | unknown circumstances . aleksandar ranković lost all of his titles and rights after a major disagreement with tito regarding state politics and ranković‘s ethnic cleansing of souther serbia ( approx 2 | milion | million | albanians expelled to turkey ) and kosovo . sometimes ministers in government were more important than the premier , such as in the case of [[ edvard kardelj ]] or [[ |
| 30298958 | 3 | [[ bosnia - herzegovina ]] as well as part of [[ serbia ]] and [[ slovenia ]] , while other parts of the country were returned to [[ albania ]] , | and others occupied by | [[ bulgaria ]] , [[ hungary ]] and [[ italy ]] . yugoslavs opposing the [[ nazi ]] s organized resistance movements . those inclined towards supporting the old kingdom of | |
| 32922398 | 1 | and parts of [[ austria | austrian ]] southern provinces [[ styria ]] and [[ carinthia ]] . this was the territory populated predominantly by [[ slovenians ]] ( and croats | ]] | in [[ istria ]] ) . westerner attempts to reunite the partisans , who denied supremacy of the old government of the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , and the emigration | |
| 34035074 | 6 | day it remains unclear whether the majority was large enough . the republic ' s government declared its independence however , and the serbs immediately declared the independence of republika srpska | , and | . | the war in bosnia followed shortly thereafter . the so - called badinter commission formed by the [[ european community ]] declared in early 1992 that the socialist federal republic of |
| 35849849 | 0 | fascist militia known as the [[ ustaše ]] which actually came into existence in 1929 , but was relatively limited in its activities until 1941 . german troops occupied [[ bosnia | - | and | herzegovina ]] as well as part of [[ serbia ]] and [[ slovenia ]] , while other parts of the country were occupied by [[ bulgaria ]] , [[ hungary ]] |
| 39238987 | 1 | it was satisfied {{ fact }} . the republic ' s government declared its independence on [[ 5 april ]] , and the serbs immediately declared the independence of republika srpska | to protect they rights | . the [[ bosnian war | war in bosnia ]] followed shortly thereafter . the so - called badinter commission formed by the [[ european community ]] declared in early 1992 | |
| 41408709 | 1 | as a result , milošević in effect now controlled three of the eight votes in the presidency . [[ image : smilo . jpg | frame | left | milošević ]] | ]] | meanwhile [[ slovenia ]] , under the presidency of [[ milan kucan ]] had since 1986 been following a course of democratisation and economic liberalisation , which put it on a | |
| 42544173 | 0 | joined the [[ partisans ( yugoslavia ) | yugoslav national liberation army ]] , led by [[ josip broz tito ]] , a [[ croats | croat ]] - [[ slovenian | people | | slovenian ]] member of the [[ communist party of yugoslavia ]] . the nla initiated a [[ guerrilla warfare | guerrilla ]] campaign which was developed into the largest resistance | |
| 43645880 | 0 | ]] [[ et : jugoslaavia ]] [[ fa : یوگوسلاوی ]] [[ fr : yougoslavie ]] [[ ko : 유고슬라비아 ]] [[ hr : jugoslavija ]] [[ io : yugoslavia ]] | [[ is : júgóslavía ]] | [[ it : jugoslavia ]] [[ he : יוגוסלביה ]] [[ lv : dienvidslāvija ]] [[ mk : југославија ]] [[ nl : joegoslavië ]] [[ no : jugoslavia ]] [[ | |
| 47536688 | 0 | ) ' ' ' . this remained in place until [[ january 15 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , at which time four of its six constituent republics - [[ slovenia | | s . r . slovenia | ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | s . r . macedonia ]] and [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] - had seceded . * the third was | |
| 1 | ' . this remained in place until [[ january 15 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , at which time four of its six constituent republics - [[ slovenia ]] , [[ | croatia | s . r . | croatia ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | s . r . macedonia ]] and [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] - had seceded . * the third was called ' ' | ||
| 49801930 | 2 | ordered the army only to take control of the internationally recognized borders . this was the start of the so - called [[ ten - day war ]] in slovenia . | given the enormous strength | the yugoslav army first succeded in taking over most of the border posts , but they were subsequently re - taken by the slovenian forces . there was no political consensus | |
| 51123816 | 40 | war i | first world war ]] in 1918 , when austria - hungary disintegrated , and the south slavs organized into the [[ state of slovenes , croats and serbs | ]] . this short - lived state soon , on [[ december 1 ]] , 1918 , joined [[ serbia ]] | and [[ montenegro ]] to form " the [[ kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ]] " . in the chaotic conditions that followed the break - up of austria | |
| 63327901 | 46 | belgrade . during the 1920s , serbo - croat wrangle continued and on 20 june 1928 , after months of rows and even fist - fights in parliament , puniša račić | ]] | , a montenegrin serb , leapt up in the chamber and shot two croats and wounded three others , including stjepan radić , who eventually died . following this , king | |
| 63517403 | 75 | not paid wages during the early months of 1990 as enterprises sought to avoid bankruptcy . the largest concentrations of bankrupt firms and lay - offs were in serbia , bosnia | - | and | herzegovina , macedonia and kosovo . real earnings were in a free fall , social programmes had collapsed creating within the population an atmosphere of social despair and hopelessness . this |
| 76 | wages during the early months of 1990 as enterprises sought to avoid bankruptcy . the largest concentrations of bankrupt firms and lay - offs were in serbia , bosnia - herzegovina | ]] | , macedonia and kosovo . real earnings were in a free fall , social programmes had collapsed creating within the population an atmosphere of social despair and hopelessness . this was | ||
| 77 | during the early months of 1990 as enterprises sought to avoid bankruptcy . the largest concentrations of bankrupt firms and lay - offs were in serbia , bosnia - herzegovina , | [[ republic of | macedonia and kosovo . real earnings were in a free fall , social programmes had collapsed creating within the population an atmosphere of social despair and hopelessness . this was an | ||
| 79 | early months of 1990 as enterprises sought to avoid bankruptcy . the largest concentrations of bankrupt firms and lay - offs were in serbia , bosnia - herzegovina , macedonia and | [[ | kosovo . real earnings were in a free fall , social programmes had collapsed creating within the population an atmosphere of social despair and hopelessness . this was an critical turning | ||
| 83 | as a whole , but in each of its constituent republics . he should have been able to rally the population for yugoslavism against the particularist nationalisms of milosević in serbia | ]] | or tuđman in croatia and he should have been able to count on the obedience of the armed forces . he was supported by 83 % of the population in croatia | ||
| 84 | a whole , but in each of its constituent republics . he should have been able to rally the population for yugoslavism against the particularist nationalisms of milosević in serbia or | [[ franjo | tuđman in croatia and he should have been able to count on the obedience of the armed forces . he was supported by 83 % of the population in croatia , | ||
| 86 | , but in each of its constituent republics . he should have been able to rally the population for yugoslavism against the particularist nationalisms of milosević in serbia or tuđman in | [[ | croatia and he should have been able to count on the obedience of the armed forces . he was supported by 83 % of the population in croatia , by 81 | ||
| 63521475 | 17 | general western drive for capitalism to speed the break - up during 1989 - 90 . on one side were a number of european states eager to gain independence for slovenia | ]] | and croatia ; on the other side was the united states , eager to ensure that yugoslavia paid its debts to western banks and ' globalised ' its political economy through | |
| 18 | western drive for capitalism to speed the break - up during 1989 - 90 . on one side were a number of european states eager to gain independence for slovenia and | [[ | croatia ; on the other side was the united states , eager to ensure that yugoslavia paid its debts to western banks and ' globalised ' its political economy through shock | ||
| 27 | a regime in the country open for the western multinationals . the forces eager to see the break - up of yugoslavia through independence for slovenia and croatia were the vatican | ]] | , austria , hungary , germany and , more ambivalently , italy . since the mid - 1980s , the vatican and austria had started an active campaign in east central | ||
| 46 | , elected in the spring of 1990 , adopted a policy very much in line with that of austria , but with additional hungarian goals vis a vis serbia ' s | [[ | vojvodina province . these manoeuvres by austria and hungary to break up yugoslavia were , of course , then overshadowed by the german government ' s drive to derecognise yugoslavia through | ||
| 96 | demoted from a constituent nation of croatia to national minority . following this , the serbs proclaimed the emergence of serbian autonomous areas ( known later as republic of serbian krajina | ]] | ) in croatia . croatia embarked upon illegal importation of arms , mainly from hungary , and were caught red - handed when yugoslav counter intelligence ( kos , kontra - | ||
| 113 | an attempt to get them to declare a [[ state of emergency ]] which would allow for the army to take control of the country . the representatives of serbia , | [[ | montenegro , kosovo - metohija , and vojvodina voted for the decision , while croatia ( [[ stjepan mesić | stipe mesić ]] ) , slovenia ( [[ janez drnovšek ]] | ||
| 114 | attempt to get them to declare a [[ state of emergency ]] which would allow for the army to take control of the country . the representatives of serbia , montenegro | ]] | , kosovo - metohija , and vojvodina voted for the decision , while croatia ( [[ stjepan mesić | stipe mesić ]] ) , slovenia ( [[ janez drnovšek ]] ) | ||
| 115 | to get them to declare a [[ state of emergency ]] which would allow for the army to take control of the country . the representatives of serbia , montenegro , | [[ | kosovo - metohija , and vojvodina voted for the decision , while croatia ( [[ stjepan mesić | stipe mesić ]] ) , slovenia ( [[ janez drnovšek ]] ) , | ||
| 116 | get them to declare a [[ state of emergency ]] which would allow for the army to take control of the country . the representatives of serbia , montenegro , kosovo | - | and | metohija , and vojvodina voted for the decision , while croatia ( [[ stjepan mesić | stipe mesić ]] ) , slovenia ( [[ janez drnovšek ]] ) , macedonia ( | |
| 117 | to declare a [[ state of emergency ]] which would allow for the army to take control of the country . the representatives of serbia , montenegro , kosovo - metohija | ]] | , and vojvodina voted for the decision , while croatia ( [[ stjepan mesić | stipe mesić ]] ) , slovenia ( [[ janez drnovšek ]] ) , macedonia ( [[ | ||
| 120 | decision , while croatia ( [[ stjepan mesić | stipe mesić ]] ) , slovenia ( [[ janez drnovšek ]] ) , macedonia ( [[ vasil tupurkovski ]] ) and bosnia | - | and | hercegovina ( [[ bogić bogićević ]] ) voted against . the tie delayed an escalation of conflicts , but not for long . following the first multi - party election results | |
| 80382137 | 16 | voted against . the tie delayed an escalation of conflicts , but not for long . following the first multi - party election results , the republics of slovenia and croatia | , further seeking to provoke the jna into declaring a [[ state of emergency ]] , | proposed transforming yugoslavia into a loose [[ confederation ]] of six republics in the autumn of 1990 , however [[ slobodan milošević | milošević ]] rejected all such proposals , arguing | |
| 84126872 | 1 | federal republic of yugoslavia | territory of the two remaining republics ]] of [[ serbia ]] ( including the autonomous provinces of [[ vojvodina ]] and [[ kosovo and metohija ]] | ) | and [[ montenegro ]] . on [[ february 4 ]] , [[ 2003 ]] , the state transformed into a loose commonwealth called [[ serbia and montenegro ]] and officially abolished | |
| 84138388 | 0 | on the [[ federal republic of yugoslavia | territory of the two remaining republics ]] of [[ serbia ]] ( including the autonomous provinces of [[ vojvodina ]] and [[ kosovo | and metohija | ]] and [[ montenegro ]] . on [[ february 4 ]] , [[ 2003 ]] , the state transformed into a loose commonwealth called [[ serbia and montenegro ]] and officially | |
| 1 | the [[ federal republic of yugoslavia | territory of the two remaining republics ]] of [[ serbia ]] ( including the autonomous provinces of [[ vojvodina ]] and [[ kosovo ]] | ) | and [[ montenegro ]] . on [[ february 4 ]] , [[ 2003 ]] , the state transformed into a loose commonwealth called [[ serbia and montenegro ]] and officially abolished | ||
| 84299894 | 5 | loose commonwealth called [[ serbia and montenegro ]] and officially abolished the name " yugoslavia . " on [[ june 3 ]] and [[ june 5 ]] , 2006 , montenegro | but | and serbia respectively declared their independence , thereby ending the last remnants of the former yugoslav federation . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = = = = | |
| 84305972 | 7 | loose commonwealth called [[ serbia and montenegro ]] and officially abolished the name " yugoslavia . " on [[ june 3 ]] and [[ june 5 ]] , 2006 , montenegro | but | and serbia respectively declared their independence , thereby ending the last remnants of the should former yugoslav federation . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = = = | |
| 85057086 | 2 | serbia . the federal capital was [[ belgrade ]] . republics and provinces were ( in alphabetical order ) : # socialist republic of [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , with | the | capital in [[ sarajevo ]] , # socialist republic of [[ croatia ]] , with capital in [[ zagreb ]] , # socialist republic of [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia | |
| 3 | in alphabetical order ) : # socialist republic of [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , with capital in [[ sarajevo ]] , # socialist republic of [[ croatia ]] , with | the | capital in [[ zagreb ]] , # socialist republic of [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] , with capital in [[ skopje ]] , # socialist republic of [[ montenegro | ||
| 4 | sarajevo ]] , # socialist republic of [[ croatia ]] , with capital in [[ zagreb ]] , # socialist republic of [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] , with | the | capital in [[ skopje ]] , # socialist republic of [[ montenegro ]] , with capital in [[ podgorica | titograd ]] ( now podgorica ) , # socialist republic of | ||
| 5 | zagreb ]] , # socialist republic of [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] , with capital in [[ skopje ]] , # socialist republic of [[ montenegro ]] , with | the | capital in [[ podgorica | titograd ]] ( now podgorica ) , # socialist republic of [[ serbia ]] , with capital in [[ belgrade ]] , which also contained : | ||
| 6 | , # socialist republic of [[ montenegro ]] , with capital in [[ podgorica | titograd ]] ( now podgorica ) , # socialist republic of [[ serbia ]] , with | the | capital in [[ belgrade ]] , which also contained : < br / > 5a . socialist autonomous province of [[ kosovo ]] , with capital in [[ pristina | priština | ||
| 9 | of [[ serbia ]] , with capital in [[ belgrade ]] , which also contained : < br / > 5a . socialist autonomous province of [[ kosovo ]] , with | the | capital in [[ pristina | priština ]] < br / > 5b . socialist autonomous province of [[ vojvodina ]] , with capital in [[ novi sad ]] # socialist republic | ||
| 10 | socialist autonomous province of [[ kosovo ]] , with capital in [[ pristina | priština ]] < br / > 5b . socialist autonomous province of [[ vojvodina ]] , with | the | capital in [[ novi sad ]] # socialist republic of [[ slovenia ]] , with capital in [[ ljubljana ]] . in 1974 , the two provinces of vojvodina and kosovo | ||
| 11 | ]] < br / > 5b . socialist autonomous province of [[ vojvodina ]] , with capital in [[ novi sad ]] # socialist republic of [[ slovenia ]] , with | the | capital in [[ ljubljana ]] . in 1974 , the two provinces of vojvodina and kosovo as well as the republics of bosnia & herzegovina and montenegro were granted greater autonomy | ||
| 92027256 | 1 | the precise borders varied over the years . ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( ' ' jugoslavija ' ' in [[ south slavic languages ]] , slovenian , | [[ | croatian , bosnian , ' ' југославија ' ' ( [[ serbian language | serbian ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] [[ cyrillic ]] ) : " land of | |
| 3 | borders varied over the years . ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( ' ' jugoslavija ' ' in [[ south slavic languages ]] , slovenian , croatian , | [[ | bosnian , ' ' југославија ' ' ( [[ serbian language | serbian ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] [[ cyrillic ]] ) : " land of the [[ | ||
| 92116483 | 0 | of the two remaining republics ]] of [[ serbia ]] ( including the autonomous provinces of [[ vojvodina ]] and [[ kosovo and metohija ]] ) and [[ montenegro ]] . | the | [[ serbia and montenegro ]] was formed on [[ february 4 ]] , [[ 2003 ]] and officially abolished the name " yugoslavia . " on [[ june 3 ]] and | |
| 92351974 | 3 | lands with serbia ( which was independent at the time ) , its more immediate concern was to head off italian claims in [[ istria ]] and [[ dalmatia ]] . | in 1915 , the allies had lured the italians into the war with a promise of substantial territorial gains in exchange . according to the secret [[ london pact ]] , these included istria and large parts of dalmatia , which had substantial numbers of italians living in the coastal cities surrounded by slavs . [[ image : landsforserbia . png | thumb | right | 300px | lands offered to serbia by the allies in 1915 . ]] although in 1915 the serbian assembly had pledged itself to work for the liberation of all [[ serbs ]] , [[ croats ]] and [[ slovenes ]] , non - serb members of the yugoslav committee became alarmed when the allies offered serbia lands that had not been reserved for italians . these included bosnia , herzegovina , slavonia , [[ bačka ]] and parts of dalmatia . croat members of the committee feared a carve - up of croat lands between serbia and italy . there were also quarrels about the designation and command of units of south slav pows in russia now being mobilised to fight with the allies . the yugoslav committee wanted them to fight in the yugoslav name , while [[ nikola pašić ]] ( prime minister of serbia ) , seeing in this a " croat army " , wanted them to fight under the serbian flag . | = = = corfu agreement = = = during june and july 1917 , the yugoslav committee met with the serbian government in corfu and on [[ 20 july ]] a | |
| 94134661 | 0 | [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] * [[ croatia ]] * [[ montenegro ]] * [[ republic of macedonia ]] * [[ serbia ]] * [[ slovenia ]] [[ kosovo ]] ( | ' ' kosovo ' ' | in [[ serbian language | serbian ]] ; [[ kosova ]] in [[ albanian language | albanian ]] ) , a province in southern serbia , is a de - facto | |
| 98444550 | 0 | language ]] was officially considered a unique language with several literary and spoken variants and was also the lingua - franca where other languages dominated ( [[ slovenia ]] , [[ | republic of macedonia | | macedonia ]] and [[ kosovo ]] ) . now separate standards exist for [[ bosnian language ]] , [[ croatian language ]] , [[ serbian language ]] and to some extent | |
| 98746734 | 8 | in bosnia ( the votes of serbs were ignored , though such decision should be supported by all bosnian nations ) , the serbs immediately declared the independence of republika srpska | to protect their rights | . the [[ bosnian war | war in bosnia ]] followed shortly thereafter . the so - called badinter commission formed by the [[ european community ]] triumphantly , to delight | |
| 98954754 | 1 | smilo . jpg | thumb | [[ slobodan milošević ]] . ]] serbian [[ communist ]] leader [[ slobodan milošević ]] sought to restore pre - 1974 serbian sovereignty , which | the | republics of slovenia and croatia denounced as the revival of great serbian [[ hegemony | hegemonism ]] . autonomy of [[ vojvodina ]] and of [[ kosovo | kosovo and metohija | |
| 102669832 | 13 | came into existence in 1929 , but was relatively limited in its activities until 1941 . german troops occupied [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] as well as part of [[ serbia | ]] | and [[ slovenia ]] , while other parts of the country were occupied by [[ bulgaria ]] , [[ hungary ]] and [[ italy ]] . during this time the independent | |
| 14 | existence in 1929 , but was relatively limited in its activities until 1941 . german troops occupied [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] as well as part of [[ serbia ]] and | [[ | slovenia ]] , while other parts of the country were occupied by [[ bulgaria ]] , [[ hungary ]] and [[ italy ]] . during this time the independent state of | ||
| 18 | [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] as well as part of [[ serbia ]] and [[ slovenia ]] , while other parts of the country were occupied by [[ bulgaria ]] , | [[ | hungary ]] and [[ italy ]] . during this time the independent state of croatia , along with bosnian muslims , created concentration camps for serbs , roma and jews , | ||
| 103590946 | 5 | of the two remaining republics ]] of [[ serbia ]] ( including the autonomous provinces of [[ vojvodina ]] and [[ kosovo and metohija ]] ) and [[ montenegro ]] . | the union of | [[ serbia and montenegro ]] was formed on [[ february 4 ]] , [[ 2003 ]] and officially abolished the name " yugoslavia . " on [[ june 3 ]] and | |
| 107220473 | 9 | image : smilo . jpg | thumb | [[ slobodan milošević ]] . ]] serbian [[ communist ]] leader [[ slobodan milošević ]] sought to restore pre - 1974 serbian sovereignty | , which the | . other | republics of slovenia and croatia denounced as the revival of great serbian [[ hegemony | hegemonism ]] . the autonomy of [[ vojvodina ]] and of [[ kosovo | kosovo and |
| 23 | the days when it was the other way around , less than a hundred years before . meanwhile [[ slovenia ]] , under the presidency of [[ milan kučan ]] , | along with | and | [[ croatia ]] openly supported albanian miners {{ fact | date = february 2007 }} , and initial strikes turned into widespread demonstrations demanding a kosovo republic . this angered serbia | |
| 53 | the other way around , less than a hundred years before . meanwhile [[ slovenia ]] , under the presidency of [[ milan kučan ]] , along with [[ croatia ]] | openly | supported albanian miners {{ fact | date = february 2007 }} , and initial strikes turned into widespread demonstrations demanding a kosovo republic . this angered serbia ' s leadership who | ||
| 56 | voted against . the tie delayed an escalation of conflicts , but not for long . following the first multi - party election results , the republics of slovenia and croatia | , further seeking to provoke the jna into declaring a [[ state of emergency ]] , | proposed transforming yugoslavia into a loose [[ confederation ]] of six republics in the autumn of 1990 , however [[ slobodan milošević | milošević ]] rejected all such proposals , arguing | ||
| 107864960 | 16 | vojvodina ]] voted for the decision , while all other republics , croatia ( [[ stjepan mesić | stipe mesić ]] ) , slovenia ( [[ janez drnovšek ]] ) , | [[ | macedonia ( [[ vasil tupurkovski ]] ) and bosnia and hercegovina ( [[ bogić bogićević ]] ) , voted against . the tie delayed an escalation of conflicts , but not | |
| 25 | representatives of [[ serbia ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ kosovo and metohija ]] , and [[ vojvodina ]] voted for the decision , while all other republics , croatia | ( [[ stjepan mesić | stipe mesić | ]] ) , slovenia ( [[ janez drnovšek ]] ) , macedonia ( [[ vasil tupurkovski ]] ) and bosnia and hercegovina ( [[ bogić bogićević ]] ) , voted against | ||
| 27 | kosovo and metohija ]] , and [[ vojvodina ]] voted for the decision , while all other republics , croatia ( [[ stjepan mesić | stipe mesić ]] ) , slovenia | ( [[ janez drnovšek | ]] ) , macedonia ( [[ vasil tupurkovski ]] ) and bosnia and hercegovina ( [[ bogić bogićević ]] ) , voted against . the tie delayed an escalation of conflicts | ||
| 29 | ]] voted for the decision , while all other republics , croatia ( [[ stjepan mesić | stipe mesić ]] ) , slovenia ( [[ janez drnovšek ]] ) , macedonia | ( [[ vasil tupurkovski | ]] ) and bosnia and hercegovina ( [[ bogić bogićević ]] ) , voted against . the tie delayed an escalation of conflicts , but not for long . following the | ||
| 30 | , while all other republics , croatia ( [[ stjepan mesić | stipe mesić ]] ) , slovenia ( [[ janez drnovšek ]] ) , macedonia ( [[ vasil tupurkovski ]] | ) | and bosnia and hercegovina ( [[ bogić bogićević ]] ) , voted against . the tie delayed an escalation of conflicts , but not for long . following the first multi | ||
| 107899114 | 14 | of [[ serbia ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ kosovo and metohija ]] , and [[ vojvodina ]] voted for the decision , while all other republics , [[ croatia | ( [[ stjepan mesić | stipe mesić | ]] , [[ slovenia ]] , [[ macedonia ]] and [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , voted against . the tie delayed an escalation of conflicts , but not for long | |
| 15 | [[ serbia ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ kosovo and metohija ]] , and [[ vojvodina ]] voted for the decision , while all other republics , [[ croatia ]] | ) | , [[ slovenia ]] , [[ macedonia ]] and [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , voted against . the tie delayed an escalation of conflicts , but not for long . | ||
| 16 | , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ kosovo and metohija ]] , and [[ vojvodina ]] voted for the decision , while all other republics , [[ croatia ]] , [[ slovenia | ( [[ janez drnovšek | ]] , [[ macedonia ]] and [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , voted against . the tie delayed an escalation of conflicts , but not for long . following the first | ||
| 17 | [[ montenegro ]] , [[ kosovo and metohija ]] , and [[ vojvodina ]] voted for the decision , while all other republics , [[ croatia ]] , [[ slovenia ]] | ) | , [[ macedonia ]] and [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , voted against . the tie delayed an escalation of conflicts , but not for long . following the first multi | ||
| 18 | , [[ kosovo and metohija ]] , and [[ vojvodina ]] voted for the decision , while all other republics , [[ croatia ]] , [[ slovenia ]] , [[ macedonia | ( [[ vasil tupurkovski | ]] and [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , voted against . the tie delayed an escalation of conflicts , but not for long . following the first multi - party election | ||
| 19 | [[ kosovo and metohija ]] , and [[ vojvodina ]] voted for the decision , while all other republics , [[ croatia ]] , [[ slovenia ]] , [[ macedonia ]] | ) | and [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , voted against . the tie delayed an escalation of conflicts , but not for long . following the first multi - party election results | ||
| 31 | serbia ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ kosovo and metohija ]] , and [[ vojvodina ]] voted for the decision , while all other republics , [[ croatia ]] , | [[ | slovenia ]] , [[ macedonia ]] and [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , voted against . the tie delayed an escalation of conflicts , but not for long . following the | ||
| 32 | montenegro ]] , [[ kosovo and metohija ]] , and [[ vojvodina ]] voted for the decision , while all other republics , [[ croatia ]] , [[ slovenia ]] , | [[ | macedonia ]] and [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , voted against . the tie delayed an escalation of conflicts , but not for long . following the first multi - party | ||
| 33 | kosovo and metohija ]] , and [[ vojvodina ]] voted for the decision , while all other republics , [[ croatia ]] , [[ slovenia ]] , [[ macedonia ]] and | [[ | bosnia and herzegovina ]] , voted against . the tie delayed an escalation of conflicts , but not for long . following the first multi - party election results , the | ||
| 117651385 | 1 | federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( fry ) was formed on [[ april 28 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , and it consisted of the former socialist republics of serbia and | socialist republic of | montenegro . the war in the western parts of former yugoslavia ended in 1995 with [[ united states | u . s . ]] - sponsored peace talks in [[ dayton | |
| 134919978 | 2 | over . in may 1945 , nov met with allied forces outside former yugoslav borders , after taking over also [[ trieste ]] and parts of [[ austria | austrian ]] | n | southern provinces [[ styria ]] and [[ carinthia ( state ) | carinthia ]] . this was the territory populated predominantly by [[ italians ]] . however , the nla withdrew | |
| 135161400 | 0 | involved in the state politics . on [[ june 25 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , slovenia and croatia became the first republics to declare [[ independence ]] from yugoslavia . | the federal customs officers | in slovenia , slovenian territorial defence ( ' ' teritorialna obramba ' ' , a paramilitary organization ) seized the yugoslav border posts with austria and italy taking down the [[ | |
| 1 | the state politics . on [[ june 25 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , slovenia and croatia became the first republics to declare [[ independence ]] from yugoslavia . in slovenia | on the border crossings with italy | , slovenian territorial defence ( ' ' teritorialna obramba ' ' , a paramilitary organization ) seized the yugoslav border posts with austria and italy taking down the [[ flag of | ||
| 11 | state politics . on [[ june 25 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , slovenia and croatia became the first republics to declare [[ independence ]] from yugoslavia . in slovenia , | slovenian territorial defence ( ' ' teritorialna obramba ' ' , a paramilitary organization ) seized the yugoslav border posts with | austria and italy taking down the [[ flag of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | yugoslav ]] and raising the [[ flag of slovenia | slovenian flag ]] . the | ||
| 150932203 | 31 | the habsburg south slav lands with serbia ( which was independent at the time ) , its more immediate concern was to head off italian claims in [[ istria ]] and | slovenes which was proclaimed on | [[ dalmatia ]] . in 1915 , the allies had lured the italians into the war with a promise of substantial territorial gains in exchange . according to the secret [[ | |
| 158242560 | 1 | = = = = various dates are considered as the end of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia : * [[ june 25 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , when croatia | ]] | and slovenia declared independence * [[ october 8 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , when the [[ july 9 ]] th moratorium on slovenian and croatian secession was ended and croatia | |
| 158679255 | 0 | [[ serbia ]] and [[ montenegro ]] elected candidates who favoured yugoslav unity . serbs in croatia wouldn ' t accept a status of a national minority in a sovereign croatia | since serbs considered yugoslavia as a whole as their realm | . serbian uprisings in croatia began in august 1990 by blocking roads leading from dalmatian coast towards the inland almost a year before croatian leadership made any move towards independence . | |
| 160502277 | 11 | [[ fascism | fascist ]] militia known as the ustaše that came into existence in 1929 , but was relatively limited in its activities until 1941 . german troops occupied bosnia | ]] | and herzegovina as well as part of serbia and slovenia , while other parts of the country were occupied by bulgaria , hungary and italy . during this time the independent | |
| 12 | fascism | fascist ]] militia known as the ustaše that came into existence in 1929 , but was relatively limited in its activities until 1941 . german troops occupied bosnia and | [[ | herzegovina as well as part of serbia and slovenia , while other parts of the country were occupied by bulgaria , hungary and italy . during this time the independent state | ||
| 166530827 | 2 | of 1999 , nato proceeded to bombard serbia and montenegro for more than two months , until milošević ' s government submitted to their demands and withdrew its forces from kosovo | , resulting in 250 000 serbian and other non - albanian refugees | . see [[ kosovo war ]] for more information . since june 1999 , the province has been governed by peace - keeping forces from nato and [[ russia ]] , | |
| 176994807 | 0 | capital in [[ sarajevo ]] , # socialist republic of [[ croatia ]] , with the capital in [[ zagreb ]] , # former yugoslav socialist republic of [[ former yugoslav | republicof | republic of | macedonia ]] , with the capital in [[ skopje ]] , # socialist republic of [[ montenegro ]] , with the capital in [[ podgorica | titograd ]] ( now podgorica |
| 177756970 | 11 | , with the capital in [[ sarajevo ]] , # socialist republic of [[ croatia ]] , with the capital in [[ zagreb ]] , # former yugoslav socialist republic of | [[ | macedonia ]] , with the capital in [[ skopje ]] , # socialist republic of [[ montenegro ]] , with the capital in [[ podgorica | titograd ]] ( now podgorica | |
| 185792313 | 0 | europe , during most of the [[ 20th century ]] . the six countries that were once part of yugoslavia are [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ croatia ]] , | the | [[ republic of macedonia | republic of macedonia ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ serbia ]] , and [[ slovenia ]] . the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of yugoslavia | |
| 1 | , during most of the [[ 20th century ]] . the six countries that were once part of yugoslavia are [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ | republic of macedonia | | republic of macedonia ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ serbia ]] , and [[ slovenia ]] . the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' ( | ||
| 191900872 | 1 | europe , during most of the [[ 20th century ]] . the six countries that were once part of yugoslavia are [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ croatia ]] , | [[ kosovo ]] ( from sunday february 17th 2008 ) , | the [[ republic of macedonia ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ serbia ]] , and [[ slovenia ]] . the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' | |
| 2 | that were once part of yugoslavia are [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ croatia ]] , the [[ republic of macedonia ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ serbia ]] | , | and [[ slovenia ]] . the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' ( [[ 1 december ]] , [[ 1918 ]] & ndash ; [[ november | ||
| 192069456 | 0 | , during most of the [[ 20th century ]] . the seven countries that were once part of yugoslavia are [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ | fyrom ]] , [[ | kosovo ]] ( from sunday , february 17th , 2008 ) , [[ fyrom ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ serbia ]] and [[ slovenia ]] . the ' ' | |
| 192070886 | 1 | * [[ croatia ]] * [[ montenegro ]] * [[ republic of macedonia ]] * [[ serbia ]] * [[ slovenia ]] as of 17 february 2008 , [[ kosovo ]] | was expected to declare | declared | its independence from serbia . the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , which applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004 . |
| 192073726 | 22 | ]] * [[ croatia ]] * [[ montenegro ]] * [[ republic of macedonia ]] * [[ serbia ]] * [[ slovenia ]] on 17 february 2008 , [[ kosovo ]] | declared | was expected to declare | its independence from serbia . the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , which applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004 . |
| 24 | , during most of the [[ 20th century ]] . the seven countries that were once part of yugoslavia are [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ | fyrom ]] , [[ | kosovo ]] ( from sunday , february 17th , 2008 ) , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ serbia ]] and [[ slovenia ]] . the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of | ||
| 192075557 | 7 | yugoslavia are [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ kosovo ]] ( from february 17 , 2008 ) , the [[ republic of macedonia ]] , [[ | republic of macedonia ]] , [[ | montenegro ]] , [[ serbia ]] and [[ slovenia ]] . the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' ( [[ december 1 ]] , [[ 1918 | |
| 17 | ]] * [[ croatia ]] * [[ montenegro ]] * [[ republic of macedonia ]] * [[ serbia ]] * [[ slovenia ]] on 17 february 2008 , [[ kosovo ]] | was expected to declare | was expected to declare | its independence from serbia . the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , which applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004 . | |
| 192077462 | 3 | in europe , during most of the [[ 20th century ]] . the seven countries that were once part of yugoslavia are [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ croatia ]] | , [[ kosovo ]] ( from sunday , february 17th , 2008 ) | , the [[ republic of macedonia ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ serbia ]] and [[ slovenia ]] . the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' | |
| 4 | bosnia and montenegro altered to a form based on the speech of the local people and not on the standards of zagreb and belgrade . [[ vojvodina ]] and [[ kosovo | ]] | - metohija form a part of the republic of [[ serbia ]] . the country distanced itself from the soviets in 1948 ( cf . [[ cominform ]] and [[ informbiro | ||
| 192129701 | 0 | that were once part of yugoslavia are [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ croatia ]] , the [[ republic of macedonia ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ serbia ]] | and | , | [[ slovenia ]] . the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' ( [[ 1 december ]] , [[ 1918 ]] & ndash ; [[ november 29 |
| 192161546 | 1 | europe , during most of the [[ 20th century ]] . the seven countries that were once part of yugoslavia are [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ croatia ]] , | the | [[ republic of macedonia ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ serbia ]] , [[ slovenia ]] and [[ kosovo ]] the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' | |
| 192354486 | 0 | yugoslavia are [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ serbia ]] , [[ slovenia ]] | and | [[ kosovo ]] . the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' ( [[ 1 december ]] , [[ 1918 ]] & ndash ; [[ november 29 | |
| 192405403 | 0 | , during most of the [[ 20th century ]] . the seven countries that were once part of yugoslavia are [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ | kosovo ]] , [[ | republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ serbia ]] , [[ slovenia ]] and [[ kosovo ]] . the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of yugoslavia | |
| 1 | once part of yugoslavia are [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ serbia ]] , | and | [[ slovenia ]] and [[ kosovo ]] . the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' ( [[ 1 december ]] , [[ 1918 ]] & ndash | ||
| 192459256 | 1 | ]] in europe , during most of the [[ 20th century ]] . the seven countries that were once part of yugoslavia are [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ croatia | ]] , [[ kosovo | ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ serbia ]] , and [[ slovenia ]] . the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of yugoslavia | |
| 192475540 | 1 | countries that were once part of yugoslavia are [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ | kosovo ]] , [[ | serbia ]] , and [[ slovenia ]] . the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' ( [[ 1 december ]] , [[ 1918 ]] & ndash | |
| 192579883 | 1 | countries that were once part of yugoslavia are [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ | kosovo ]] , [[ | serbia ]] , and [[ slovenia ]] . the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' ( [[ 1 december ]] , [[ 1918 ]] & ndash | |
| 192596895 | 1 | the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the [[ 20th century ]] . the six countries that were once part of yugoslavia are [[ bosnia and herzegovina | ]] , [[ kosovo | ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ serbia ]] , and [[ slovenia ]] . the ' ' ' | |
| 192632247 | 1 | the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the [[ 20th century ]] . the seven countries that were once part of yugoslavia are [[ bosnia and herzegovina | ]] , [[ kosovo | ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ serbia ]] , and [[ slovenia ]] . the ' ' ' | |
| 193023632 | 0 | ]] , 2006 , montenegro and serbia respectively declared their independence , thereby ending the last remnants of the loose agreement . on february 18 , 2008 , kosovo delcared independence | form | from | serbia , further dividing the former country and ending yugoslavia altogether . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} the idea |
| 193162210 | 0 | june 5 ]] , 2006 , montenegro and serbia respectively declared their independence , thereby ending the last remnants of the loose agreement . on february 18 , 2008 , kosovo | unilaterally | delcared independence from serbia , without permission of united nations further dividing the former country and ending yugoslavia altogether . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = {{ | |
| 193344768 | 0 | [[ croatia ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ serbia ]] , and [[ slovenia ]] . the region of [[ kosovo ]] | has recently | [[ 2008 kosovo declaration of independence | | declared independence from serbia . if kosovo is recognized it will become the seventh country to be formed out of the former yugoslavia . the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of |
| 193351040 | 1 | ]] in europe , during most of the [[ 20th century ]] . the six countries that were once part of yugoslavia are [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ croatia | ]] , [[ kosovo | ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ serbia ]] , and [[ slovenia ]] . the region of [[ kosovo ]] [[ 2008 | |
| 193396709 | 0 | 5 ]] , 2006 , montenegro and serbia respectively declared their independence , thereby ending the last remnants of the loose agreement . on february 18 , 2008 , kosovo unilaterally | delcared | declared | independence from serbia , further dividing the former country and ending yugoslavia altogether . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} |
| 193447637 | 1 | ]] in europe , during most of the [[ 20th century ]] . the seven countries that were once part of yugoslavia are [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ croatia | ]] , [[ kosovo | ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ serbia ]] , and [[ slovenia ]] . the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of yugoslavia | |
| 193587328 | 1 | ]] in europe , during most of the [[ 20th century ]] . the six countries that were once part of yugoslavia are [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ croatia | ]] , [[ kosovo | ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ serbia ]] , and [[ slovenia ]] . the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of yugoslavia | |
| 193894652 | 3 | ]] , [[ 2006 ]] , after referendum in montenegro , serbia and montenegro declared their independences * [[ february 17 ]] , [[ 2008 ]] , when [[ kosovo ]] | declared | unilaterally declare | independence from [[ serbia ]] = = federal republic of yugoslavia = = [[ image : yugoslaviamap . png | thumb | 200px | the federal republic of yugoslavia consisted of |
| 4 | ]] in europe , during most of the [[ 20th century ]] . the seven countries that were once part of yugoslavia are [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ croatia | ]] , [[ kosovo | ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ serbia ]] , and [[ slovenia ]] . the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of yugoslavia | ||
| 193899901 | 1 | ]] in europe , during most of the [[ 20th century ]] . the six countries that were once part of yugoslavia are [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ croatia | ]] , [[ kosovo | ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ serbia ]] , and [[ slovenia ]] . the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of yugoslavia | |
| 4 | ]] , [[ 2006 ]] , after referendum in montenegro , serbia and montenegro declared their independences * [[ february 17 ]] , [[ 2008 ]] , when [[ kosovo ]] | unilaterally declare | declared | independence from [[ serbia ]] = = federal republic of yugoslavia = = [[ image : yugoslaviamap . png | thumb | 200px | the federal republic of yugoslavia consisted of | |
| 194084019 | 0 | europe , during most of the [[ 20th century ]] . the seven countries that were once part of yugoslavia are [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ croatia ]] , | [[ kosovo ]] | , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ serbia ]] , and [[ slovenia ]] . the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] | |
| 1 | [[ 2003 ]] ) , was a [[ federation ]] on the territory of the two remaining republics of [[ serbia ]] ( including the province of [[ vojvodina ]] , | [[ kosovo ]] | ) and [[ montenegro ]] . the union of [[ serbia and montenegro ]] was formed on [[ february 4 ]] , [[ 2003 ]] , and officially abolished the name | ||
| 194104308 | 0 | europe , during most of the [[ 20th century ]] . the seven countries that were once part of yugoslavia are [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ croatia ]] , | [[ kosovo ]] | , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ serbia ]] , and [[ slovenia ]] . the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] | |
| 194172419 | 0 | [[ 2003 ]] ) , was a [[ federation ]] on the territory of the two remaining republics of [[ serbia ]] ( including the province of [[ vojvodina ]] , | [[ kosovo ]] | ) and [[ montenegro ]] . the union of [[ serbia and montenegro ]] was formed on [[ february 4 ]] , [[ 2003 ]] , and officially abolished the name | |
| 197171154 | 1 | ]] in europe , during most of the [[ 20th century ]] . the seven countries that were once part of yugoslavia are [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ croatia | ]] , [[ kosovo | ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ serbia ]] , and [[ slovenia ]] . the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of yugoslavia | |
| 197211778 | 1 | ]] in europe , during most of the [[ 20th century ]] . the six countries that were once part of yugoslavia are [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ croatia | ]] , [[ kosovo | ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ serbia ]] , and [[ slovenia ]] . the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of yugoslavia | |
| 197289863 | 1 | entities that existed successively on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the [[ 20th century ]] . the seven countries that were once part of yugoslavia | ( socialist republics ) | are [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ kosovo ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ serbia ]] , | |
| 3 | ]] in europe , during most of the [[ 20th century ]] . the seven countries that were once part of yugoslavia are [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ croatia | ]] , [[ kosovo | ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ serbia ]] , and [[ slovenia ]] . the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of yugoslavia | ||
| 4 | yugoslavia are [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ kosovo ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ serbia ]] | , | and [[ slovenia ]] . the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' ( [[ 1 december ]] , [[ 1918 ]] & ndash ; [[ november | ||
| 198579075 | 0 | yugoslavia ( socialist republics ) are [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ serbia ]] | , | and [[ slovenia ]] . [[ kosovo ]] is also partially recognized as a new country . the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' ( [[ | |
| 199668448 | 0 | june 5 ]] , 2006 , montenegro and serbia respectively declared their independence , thereby ending the last remnants of the loose agreement . on february 18 , 2008 , kosovo | unilaterally declared | raped clara , declaring | independence from serbia , an act not recognized by [[ serbia ]] . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} the |
| 199668490 | 0 | june 5 ]] , 2006 , montenegro and serbia respectively declared their independence , thereby ending the last remnants of the loose agreement . on february 18 , 2008 , kosovo | raped clara , declaring | unilaterally declared | independence from serbia , an act not recognized by [[ serbia ]] . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} the |
| 201109080 | 8 | it was not a socialist republic of the former yugoslavia ; it had the status of a socialist [[ autonomous province ]] within serbia along with [[ vojvodina ]] . the | ' ' ' [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' ( [[ 1 december ]] , [[ 1918 ]] & ndash ; [[ november 29 ]] , [[ 1943 ]] / [[ 1945 ]] ) , also known as the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia | | first yugoslavia ]] , was a [[ monarchy ]] formed as the " country of slovenes , croats and serbs " re - named " kingdom of serbs , croats and | |
| 203556024 | 0 | political entities that existed successively on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the [[ 20th century ]] . the former constituent socialist republics of yugoslavia , | now independent states | from north to south | , are [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ serbia ]] , and [[ slovenia |
| 203556910 | 2 | 1918 it joined together with the " kingdom of serbia " ( serbian : краљевина србија ) to form " kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes " ( serbian : | kraljevina slovenaca , hrvata i srba / | краљевина срба , хрвата и словенаца ; croatian : kraljevina srba , hrvata i slovenaca ; slovene : kraljevina srbov , hrvatov in slovencev ) . the country was re - | |
| 206669188 | 1 | 1990 as enterprises sought to avoid bankruptcy . the largest concentrations of bankrupt firms and lay - offs were in [[ serbia ]] , [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ | former yugoslav | republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] and [[ kosovo ]] . real earnings were in a free fall , social programmes had collapsed creating within the population an atmosphere of social | |
| 206671147 | 1 | 1990 as enterprises sought to avoid bankruptcy . the largest concentrations of bankrupt firms and lay - offs were in [[ serbia ]] , [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ | former yugoslav | republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] and [[ kosovo ]] . real earnings were in a free fall , social programmes had collapsed creating within the population an atmosphere of social | |
| 206751541 | 9 | the " kingdom of serbia " ( kraljevina srbija / краљевина србија ) to form " kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes " ( [[ serbo - croatian ]] : | {{ lang | sh | | kraljevina slovenaca , hrvata i srba / краљевина словенаца , хрвата и срба ; [[ slovene ]] : kraljevina slovencev , hrvatov in srbov [[ macedonian ]] : кралство на србите | |
| 206802676 | 13 | словенците }} ) . the country was re - named on 3 october 1929 and henceforth it would be called " kingdom of yugoslavia " ( serbo - croatian and slovene | ( latin only ) : | kraljevina jugoslavija / краљевина југославија ; macedonian : кралство југославија . it was invaded on [[ 6 april ]] [[ 1941 ]] by the [[ axis powers ]] and its army | |
| 206808719 | 10 | [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the 20th century . the constituent socialist republics of yugoslavia , from north to south , [[ slovenia ]] , [[ | sr | croatia ]] , [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ serbia ]] and [[ macedonia ]] . [[ kosovo ]] , formerly an autonomous province of serbia | |
| 11 | in europe , during most of the 20th century . the constituent socialist republics of yugoslavia , from north to south , [[ slovenia ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ | sr | bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ serbia ]] and [[ macedonia ]] . [[ kosovo ]] , formerly an autonomous province of serbia , is a partially | ||
| 12 | the 20th century . the constituent socialist republics of yugoslavia , from north to south , [[ slovenia ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ | sr | montenegro ]] , [[ serbia ]] and [[ macedonia ]] . [[ kosovo ]] , formerly an autonomous province of serbia , is a partially recognized state which declared its highly | ||
| 13 | the constituent socialist republics of yugoslavia , from north to south , [[ slovenia ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ | sr | serbia ]] and [[ macedonia ]] . [[ kosovo ]] , formerly an autonomous province of serbia , is a partially recognized state which declared its highly disputed independence in 2008 | ||
| 14 | socialist republics of yugoslavia , from north to south , [[ slovenia ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ serbia ]] | and | ( including the autonomous provinces of | [[ macedonia ]] . [[ kosovo ]] , formerly an autonomous province of serbia , is a partially recognized state which declared its highly disputed independence in 2008 . it was | |
| 15 | of yugoslavia , from north to south , [[ slovenia ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ serbia ]] and [[ | vojvodina ]] and [[ kosovo ]] ) and [[ sr | macedonia ]] . [[ kosovo ]] , formerly an autonomous province of serbia , is a partially recognized state which declared its highly disputed independence in 2008 . it was not | ||
| 16 | from north to south , [[ slovenia ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ serbia ]] and [[ macedonia ]] . | starting in 1991 , the sfry disintegrated in the [[ yugoslav wars ]] which followed the secession of most of the republic ' s constituent entities . the last country to bear the name was the " [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] " ( fry ) established on [[ march 27 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] ) . it was a [[ federation ]] on the territory of the two remaining ( non - secessionist ) republics of [[ serbia ]] ( including the autonomous provinces of [[ vojvodina ]] and | [[ kosovo ]] , formerly an autonomous province of serbia , is a partially recognized state which declared its highly disputed independence in 2008 . it was not a socialist republic | ||
| 26 | 4 ]] , [[ 2003 ]] , and officially abolished the name " yugoslavia . " on [[ june 3 ]] and [[ june 5 ]] [[ 2006 ]] , montenegro | ]] | and serbia respectively declared their independence , thereby ending the last remnants of the loose agreement . on february 18 , 2008 , kosovo unilaterally declared independence from serbia , an | ||
| 27 | ]] , [[ 2003 ]] , and officially abolished the name " yugoslavia . " on [[ june 3 ]] and [[ june 5 ]] [[ 2006 ]] , montenegro and | [[ | serbia respectively declared their independence , thereby ending the last remnants of the loose agreement . on february 18 , 2008 , kosovo unilaterally declared independence from serbia , an act | ||
| 206810242 | 4 | remnants of the loose agreement . on [[ february 18 ]] , [[ 2008 ]] , [[ republic of kosovo | kosovo ]] unilaterally declared independence from serbia , an act | that serbia [[ serbia ' s reaction to the 2008 kosovo declaration of independence | | fiercely opposed by serbia . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = {{ main | creation of yugoslavia }} the idea for a single state for all [[ | |
| 206813758 | 2 | sr croatia ]] , [[ sr bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ sr montenegro ]] , [[ sr serbia ]] ( including the autonomous provinces of [[ vojvodina ]] and [[ | autonomous province of kosovo and metohija ( 1946 - 1974 ) | kosovo and metohija ]] , later simply [[ socialist autonomous province of kosovo | | kosovo ]] ) and [[ sr macedonia ]] . starting in 1991 , the sfry disintegrated in the [[ yugoslav wars ]] which followed the [[ secession ]] of most of | |
| 3 | [[ federation ]] on the territory of the two remaining ( non - secessionist ) republics of [[ serbia ]] ( including the autonomous provinces of [[ vojvodina ]] and [[ | autonomous province of kosovo and metohija ( 1990 - 1999 ) | | kosovo ]] ) and [[ montenegro ]] . on [[ february 4 ]] , [[ 2003 ]] . it was renamed to the " [[ union of serbia and montenegro ]] | ||
| 225041205 | 2 | [[ june 5 ]] , [[ 2006 ]] , [[ montenegro ]] and [[ serbia ]] respectively declared their independences , the last indepedent state from " yugoslavia " and " | [[ | state uninon of serbia and montenegro " is kosovo on [[ 17 february ]] [[ 2008 ]] . thereby ending the last remnants of a yugoslav state . _ _ toc | |
| 247526296 | 23 | ]] and [[ herzegovina ]] as well as part of [[ serbia ]] and [[ slovenia ]] , while other parts of the country were occupied by [[ bulgaria ]] , | [[ | hungary ]] , and [[ italy ]] . during this time the independent state of croatia created concentration camps for anti - fascists , communists , [[ serbs ]] , [[ | |
| 251007548 | 5 | montenegro ]] , and officially abolished the name " yugoslavia " . on june 3 and june 5 , 2006 respectively , [[ montenegro ]] and [[ serbia ]] declared independence | , thereby ending the yugoslav state | . [[ kosovo ]] declared independence in 2008 . its statehood is , however , still disputed . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = {{ main | | |
| 251363174 | 1 | montenegro ]] , and officially abolished the name " yugoslavia " . on june 3 and june 5 , 2006 respectively , [[ montenegro ]] and [[ serbia ]] declared independence | , thereby ending the yugoslav state | . [[ kosovo ]] declared independence in 2008 . its statehood is , however , still disputed by serbia . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = {{ | |
| 255553028 | 0 | {st@rt} {{ refimprove | date = september 2008 }} {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist federal | republic | abomination | of yugoslavia | federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ image : locationyugoslavia2 . png | thumb | right | 300px | general location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . |
| 2 | {st@rt} {{ refimprove | date = september 2008 }} {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | federal | republic | abomination | of yugoslavia }} [[ image : locationyugoslavia2 . png | thumb | right | 300px | general location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over | |
| 257767654 | 8 | , with the capital in [[ zagreb ]] ; * [[ socialist republic of macedonia ]] , with the capital in [[ skopje ]] ; * [[ socialist republic of montenegro | ]] , with the capital in [[ podgorica | . svg | | titograd ]] ( now podgorica ) ; * [[ socialist republic of serbia ]] , with the capital in [[ belgrade ]] , including : * * [[ autonomous province |
| 11 | ]] ; * [[ socialist republic of montenegro ]] , with the capital in [[ podgorica | titograd ]] ( now podgorica ) ; * [[ socialist republic of serbia ]] | , with the capital in | : 5a . {{ smaller | | [[ belgrade ]] , including : * * [[ autonomous province of kosovo and metohija ( 1946 - 1974 ) | autonomous province of kosovo and metohija ]] , with the | |
| 15 | kosovo and metohija ]] , with the capital in [[ prishtina ]] , * * [[ autonomous province of vojvodina ( 1945 - 1963 ) | autonomous province of vojvodina ]] | , with the capital in | }} | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ belgrade ]] : [[ priština ]] : | [[ novi sad ]] . * [[ socialist republic of slovenia ]] , with the capital in [[ ljubljana ]] . in 1974 , the two provinces of vojvodina and kosovo | |
| 257769716 | 4 | is encircled with them ) . < center > < gallery caption = " flags of the new states " perrow = 6 > image : flag of bosnia and herzegovina | ]] | bosnia and herzegovina . svg | < center > [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] < / center > image : flag of croatia . svg | < center > [[ croatia | |
| 7 | gallery caption = " flags of the new states " perrow = 6 > image : flag of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | < center > [[ bosnia and herzegovina | . svg | 70px | bosnia and herzegovina ]] < / center > image : flag of croatia . svg | < center > [[ croatia ]] < / center > image : flag of macedonia | ||
| 11 | perrow = 6 > image : flag of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | < center > [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] < / center > image : flag of croatia | ]] | croatia . svg | < center > [[ croatia ]] < / center > image : flag of macedonia . svg | < center > [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia | ||
| 30 | macedonia | macedonia ]] < / center > image : flag of montenegro . svg | < center > [[ montenegro ]] < / center > image : flag of serbia | ]] | serbia . svg | < center > [[ serbia ]] < / center > image : flag of slovenia . svg | < center > [[ slovenia ]] < / center | ||
| 37 | > [[ montenegro ]] < / center > image : flag of serbia . svg | < center > [[ serbia ]] < / center > image : flag of slovenia | ]] | slovenia . svg | < center > [[ slovenia ]] < / center > < / gallery > < / center > = = = remaining cultural and ethnic ties = | ||
| 47 | them ) . < center > < gallery caption = " flags of the new states " perrow = 6 > image : flag of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | | < center > | [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] < / center > image : flag of croatia . svg | < center > [[ croatia ]] < / center > image : flag of | ||
| 259633956 | 2 | for nato retracting their pre - war demand for nato forces to enter serbia , resulting in 250 000 serbian and other non - albanian refugees . see [[ kosovo war | }} | kosovo war ]] for more information . since june 1999 , the province has been governed by peace - keeping forces from nato and russia , although all parties continued to | |
| 281117483 | 1 | is linguistically a unique language , with several literary and spoken variants and also was the imposed means of communication used where other languages dominated ( [[ slovenia ]] , [[ | socialist | republic of macedonia ]] ) . now , separate sociolinguistic standards exist for [[ bosnian language ]] , [[ croatian language ]] , [[ montenegrin language ]] and the [[ serbian | |
| 284619322 | 1 | in union with serbia . this resulted in the outbreak of violence and war between croats and serbs upon croatia declaring independence , which ended in ethnic cleansing of serbs from | a part of | croatia . ]] [[ file : alijaizetbegovic1 . jpg | thumb | 150px | right | bosnian president [[ alija izetbegović ]] pushed for independence of bosnia , claiming that he | |
| 284695040 | 16 | republics of [[ serbia ]] ( including the autonomous provinces of [[ vojvodina ]] and [[ autonomous province of kosovo and metohija ( 1990 - 1999 ) | kosovo ]] ) | and | countries | [[ montenegro ]] . on february 4 , 2003 , it was renamed to the [[ state union of serbia and montenegro ]] , and officially abolished the name " yugoslavia |
| 36 | provinces of vojvodina and kosovo - metohija ( for the latter had by then been upgraded to the status of a province ) , as well as the republics of bosnia | & | and | herzegovina and montenegro , were granted greater autonomy to the point that albanian and hungarian became nationally recognised minority languages and the serbo - croat of bosnia and montenegro altered to | |
| 38 | and the serbo - croat of bosnia and montenegro altered to a form based on the speech of the local people and not on the standards of zagreb and belgrade . | in slovenia the recognized minorities were hungarians and italians . | [[ vojvodina ]] and [[ kosovo - metohija ]] form a part of the republic of [[ serbia ]] . the country distanced itself from the soviets in 1948 ( cf | ||
| 58 | | federal republic of yugoslavia }} {{ see also | kosovo war }} [[ file : yugoslaviamap . png | thumb | 250px | the federal republic of yugoslavia consisted of | montenegro and | serbia and montenegro ]] the [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( fry ) was formed on april 28 , 1992 , and it consisted of the former socialist republic of | ||
| 85 | ]] administration arrived in [[ kosovo ]] * february 5 , 2003 , state union of serbia and montenegro announced * june 5 , 2006 , after referendum in montenegro , | serbia and | montenegro declared their independence * february 17 , 2008 , when [[ kosovo ]] unilaterally declared independence from [[ serbia ]] = = federal republic of yugoslavia = = {{ main | ||
| 288705890 | 0 | [[ ustaše ]] that came into existence in 1929 , but was relatively limited in its activities until 1941 . german troops occupied [[ bosnia ( region ) | bosnia ]] | and | a | [[ herzegovina ]] as well as part of [[ serbia ]] and [[ slovenia ]] , while other parts of the country were occupied by [[ bulgaria ]] , hungary , |
| 288707824 | 0 | [[ ustaše ]] that came into existence in 1929 , but was relatively limited in its activities until 1941 . german troops occupied [[ bosnia ( region ) | bosnia ]] | a | and | [[ herzegovina ]] as well as part of [[ serbia ]] and [[ slovenia ]] , while other parts of the country were occupied by [[ bulgaria ]] , hungary , |
| 292035709 | 4 | world war ii . the constituent eight socialist republics and socialist autonomous provinces that made up the country , were : [[ sr bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ sr croatia | ]] , [[ sr macedonia | ]] , [[ sr montenegro ]] , [[ sr slovenia ]] and [[ sr serbia ]] ( including the [[ autonomy | autonomous ]] provinces of [[ sap vojvodina ]] and | |
| 5 | of 1990 as enterprises sought to avoid bankruptcy . the largest concentrations of bankrupt firms and lay - offs were in [[ serbia ]] , [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , | [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] | and [[ kosovo ]] . real earnings were in a free fall and social programmes had collapsed ; creating within the population an atmosphere of social despair and hopelessness . this | ||
| 292754074 | 2 | world war ii . the constituent eight socialist republics and socialist autonomous provinces that made up the country , were : [[ sr bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ sr croatia | ]] , [[ sr macedonia | ]] , [[ sr montenegro ]] , [[ sr slovenia ]] and [[ sr serbia ]] ( including the [[ autonomy | autonomous ]] provinces of [[ sap vojvodina ]] and | |
| 3 | of 1990 as enterprises sought to avoid bankruptcy . the largest concentrations of bankrupt firms and lay - offs were in [[ serbia ]] , [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , | [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] | and [[ kosovo ]] . real earnings were in a free fall and social programmes had collapsed ; creating within the population an atmosphere of social despair and hopelessness . this | ||
| 300473210 | 4 | autonomous province of vojvodina ]] }} | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ belgrade ]] : [[ priština ]] : [[ novi sad ]] | 90 % ; " | | [[ novi sad ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of sr serbia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ | |
| 301452175 | 0 | so the consequence feared by the other republics was to be total serbian domination of the union . the representatives of [[ serbia ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ kosovo | and metohija ]] | ] | , and [[ vojvodina ]] voted for the decision , while all other republics , croatia ( [[ stjepan mesić | stipe mesić ]] ) , slovenia ( [[ janez drnovšek |
| 301452245 | 0 | so the consequence feared by the other republics was to be total serbian domination of the union . the representatives of [[ serbia ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ kosovo | ] | ]] | , and [[ vojvodina ]] voted for the decision , while all other republics , croatia ( [[ stjepan mesić | stipe mesić ]] ) , slovenia ( [[ janez drnovšek |
| 318046156 | 20 | vojvodina ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ novi sad ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of sr serbia . | 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : sfry | serbia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : sr serbia coa . png | 40px ]] < / center > | |
| 325621246 | 7 | montenegro ]] , and officially abolished the name " yugoslavia " . on june 3 and june 5 , 2006 respectively , [[ montenegro ]] and [[ serbia ]] declared independence | , thereby ending the yugoslav state | . [[ kosovo ]] declared independence in 2008 . its statehood is , however , still disputed . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = {{ main | | |
| 325697061 | 6 | montenegro ]] , which officially abolished the name " yugoslavia " . on june 3 and june 5 , 2006 respectively , [[ montenegro ]] and [[ serbia ]] declared independence | , thereby ending the yugoslav state | . [[ kosovo ]] declared independence in 2008 . its international recognition is , however , still in progress . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = {{ | |
| 337642740 | 0 | | right | 300px | general location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years . ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' | ( [[ serbian language | serbian ]] , [[ croatian language | croatian ]] , [[ bosnian language | bosnian ]] , [[ montenegrin language | montenegrin ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] | may refer to | : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' ; [[ serbian cyrillic alphabet | cyrillic script ]] : југославија ; literally in english : " south slavia " or " land of the |
| 6 | of yugoslavia in 1946 , when a communist government was established . in 1963 , it was renamed again to the [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( sfry ) | . this was the largest yugoslav state , as | * | [[ istria ]] and [[ rijeka ]] were added to the new yugoslavia after the end of world war ii . the constituent six socialist republics and two socialist autonomous provinces | |
| 337768752 | 10 | - 1992 ) , also initially known as the democratic federal yugoslavia ( df yugoslavia ) , and federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ( fpr yugoslavia ) * [[ | istria ]] and [[ rijeka ]] were added to the new yugoslavia after the end of world war ii . the constituent six socialist republics and two socialist autonomous provinces that made up the country , were : [[ sr bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ sr croatia ]] , [[ sr macedonia ]] , [[ sr montenegro ]] , [[ sr slovenia ]] and [[ sr serbia ]] ( including the [[ autonomy | autonomous ]] provinces of [[ sap vojvodina ]] and [[ sap kosovo ]] which were also equal members of the federation ) . starting in 1991 , the sfry disintegrated in the [[ yugoslav wars ]] which followed the [[ secession ]] of most of the country ' s constituent entities . the last country to bear the name yugoslavia was the [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( fry ) established on march 27 , 1992 . it was a [[ federation ]] on the territory of the two remaining ( non - secessionist ) republics of [[ montenegro ]] and [[ serbia ]] ( including the autonomous provinces of [[ vojvodina ]] and [[ autonomous province of kosovo and metohija ( 1990 - 1999 ) | kosovo ]] ) . on february 4 , 2003 , it was renamed to the [[ state union of | serbia and montenegro ]] ( 1992 - 2006 ) , state union , initially a federal state known as the federal republic of yugoslavia {{ disambig }} [[ af : joegoslawië | |
| 337769009 | 0 | | right | 300px | general location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years . ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' | ( [[ serbian language | serbian ]] , [[ croatian language | croatian ]] , [[ bosnian language | bosnian ]] , [[ montenegrin language | montenegrin ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] | may refer to | : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' ; [[ serbian cyrillic alphabet | cyrillic script ]] : југославија ; literally in english : " south slavia " or " land of the |
| 6 | of yugoslavia in 1946 , when a communist government was established . in 1963 , it was renamed again to the [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( sfry ) | . this was the largest yugoslav state , as | , also initially known as the democratic federal yugoslavia ( df yugoslavia ) , and federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ( fpr yugoslavia ) * | [[ istria ]] and [[ rijeka ]] were added to the new yugoslavia after the end of world war ii . the constituent six socialist republics and two socialist autonomous provinces | |
| 337769485 | 10 | - 1992 ) , also initially known as the democratic federal yugoslavia ( df yugoslavia ) , and federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ( fpr yugoslavia ) * [[ | istria ]] and [[ rijeka ]] were added to the new yugoslavia after the end of world war ii . the constituent six socialist republics and two socialist autonomous provinces that made up the country , were : [[ sr bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ sr croatia ]] , [[ sr macedonia ]] , [[ sr montenegro ]] , [[ sr slovenia ]] and [[ sr serbia ]] ( including the [[ autonomy | autonomous ]] provinces of [[ sap vojvodina ]] and [[ sap kosovo ]] which were also equal members of the federation ) . starting in 1991 , the sfry disintegrated in the [[ yugoslav wars ]] which followed the [[ secession ]] of most of the country ' s constituent entities . the last country to bear the name yugoslavia was the [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( fry ) established on march 27 , 1992 . it was a [[ federation ]] on the territory of the two remaining ( non - secessionist ) republics of [[ montenegro ]] and [[ serbia ]] ( including the autonomous provinces of [[ vojvodina ]] and [[ autonomous province of kosovo and metohija ( 1990 - 1999 ) | kosovo ]] ) . on february 4 , 2003 , it was renamed to the [[ state union of | serbia and montenegro ]] ( 1992 - 2006 ) , state union , initially a federal state known as the federal republic of yugoslavia {{ disambig }} [[ af : joegoslawië | |
| 337777732 | 0 | | right | 300px | general location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years . ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' | ( [[ serbian language | serbian ]] , [[ croatian language | croatian ]] , [[ bosnian language | bosnian ]] , [[ montenegrin language | montenegrin ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] , [[ slovene language | slovene ]] | may refer to | : ' ' jugoslavija ' ' ; [[ serbian cyrillic alphabet | cyrillic script ]] : југославија ; literally in english : " south slavia " or " land of the |
| 6 | of yugoslavia in 1946 , when a communist government was established . in 1963 , it was renamed again to the [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( sfry ) | . this was the largest yugoslav state , as | , also initially known as the democratic federal yugoslavia ( df yugoslavia ) , and federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ( fpr yugoslavia ) * | [[ istria ]] and [[ rijeka ]] were added to the new yugoslavia after the end of world war ii . the constituent six socialist republics and two socialist autonomous provinces | |
| 338545828 | 12 | - 1992 ) , also initially known as the democratic federal yugoslavia ( df yugoslavia ) , and federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ( fpr yugoslavia ) * [[ | . this was the largest yugoslav state , as | [[ serbia and montenegro | federal republic of yugoslavia ]] , initially and for the most of its existence a federal state , eventually became known in 2003 as a state | |
| 20 | yugoslavia ; 1943 - 1992 ) , also initially known as the democratic federal yugoslavia ( df yugoslavia ) , and federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ( fpr yugoslavia | ) * | [[ serbia and montenegro | federal republic of yugoslavia ]] , initially and for the most of its existence a federal state , eventually became known in 2003 as a state | ||
| 347158203 | 0 | [[ avnoj | anti - fascist council of national liberation of yugoslavia ]] ( ' ' antifašističko vijeće narodnog oslobođenja jugoslavije ' ' ) was convened in [[ bihać ]] , | modern day | [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] . the council reconvened on november 29 , 1943 , in [[ jajce ]] , also in [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] and established the basis | |
| 353345269 | 0 | , [[ italian fascism | italian ]] and hungarian forces attacked yugoslavia . the german air force ( ' ' [[ luftwaffe ]] ' ' ) bombed [[ belgrade ]] and | other major yugoslav cities . on april 17 | was invaded by the people of sindh tv and they created a nwe country caslled mr zok7 | , representatives of yugoslavia ' s various regions signed an armistice with germany in belgrade , ending eleven days of resistance against the invading german army ( ' ' [[ wehrmacht |
| 353345665 | 0 | , [[ italian fascism | italian ]] and hungarian forces attacked yugoslavia . the german air force ( ' ' [[ luftwaffe ]] ' ' ) bombed [[ belgrade ]] and | was invaded by the people of sindh tv and they created a nwe country caslled mr zok7 | other major yugoslav cities . on april 17 | , representatives of yugoslavia ' s various regions signed an armistice with germany in belgrade , ending eleven days of resistance against the invading german army ( ' ' [[ wehrmacht |
| 382505267 | 0 | ]] [[ pt : jugoslávia ]] [[ ro : iugoslavia ]] [[ qu : yuguslawya ]] [[ ru : югославия ]] [[ sc : iugoslàvia ]] [[ scn : jugoslavia ]] | [[ si : යුගොස්ලෝවියාව ]] | [[ simple : yugoslavia ]] [[ sk : juhoslávia ]] [[ sl : jugoslavija ]] [[ sr : југославија ]] [[ sh : jugoslavija ]] [[ fi : jugoslavia ]] [[ | |
| 408822811 | 0 | in 1963 , it was renamed again to the [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( sfry ) . this was the largest yugoslav state , as [[ istria ]] | , [[ rijeka ]] | and [[ rijeka ]] were added to the new yugoslavia after the end of world war ii . the constituent six socialist republics and two socialist autonomous provinces that made up | |
| 441313646 | 110 | were not paid wages during the early months of 1990 as enterprises sought to avoid bankruptcy . the largest concentrations of bankrupt firms and lay - offs were in [[ serbia | ]] | , [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] and [[ kosovo ]] . real earnings were in a free fall and social programmes had collapsed | |
| 111 | paid wages during the early months of 1990 as enterprises sought to avoid bankruptcy . the largest concentrations of bankrupt firms and lay - offs were in [[ serbia ]] , | [[ | bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] and [[ kosovo ]] . real earnings were in a free fall and social programmes had collapsed ; creating | ||
| 115 | . the largest concentrations of bankrupt firms and lay - offs were in [[ serbia ]] , [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] and | [[ | kosovo ]] . real earnings were in a free fall and social programmes had collapsed ; creating within the population an atmosphere of social despair and hopelessness . this was a | ||
| 125 | a serbian service by that time so the consequence feared by the other republics was to be total serbian domination of the union . the representatives of [[ serbia ]] , | [[ | montenegro ]] , [[ kosovo ]] , and [[ vojvodina ]] voted for the decision , while all other republics , croatia ( [[ stjepan mesić | stipe mesić ]] ) | ||
| 126 | service by that time so the consequence feared by the other republics was to be total serbian domination of the union . the representatives of [[ serbia ]] , [[ montenegro | ]] | , [[ kosovo ]] , and [[ vojvodina ]] voted for the decision , while all other republics , croatia ( [[ stjepan mesić | stipe mesić ]] ) , slovenia | ||
| 138 | serbs held a referendum which resulted in an overwhelming vote in favour of forming serbian republic in borders of bosnia and herzegovina and staying in a common state with [[ serbia | ]] | and [[ montenegro ]] . on january 9 , 1992 , the self - proclaimed bosnian serb assembly proclaimed a separate " republic of the serb people of bosnia and herzegovina | ||
| 139 | a referendum which resulted in an overwhelming vote in favour of forming serbian republic in borders of bosnia and herzegovina and staying in a common state with [[ serbia ]] and | [[ | montenegro ]] . on january 9 , 1992 , the self - proclaimed bosnian serb assembly proclaimed a separate " republic of the serb people of bosnia and herzegovina " . | ||
| 146 | july 9 moratorium on slovenian and croatian secession was ended and croatia restated its independence in croatian parliament ( that day is celebrated as independence day in croatia ) * january | 15 , | 1992 , when slovenia and croatia were internationally recognized by most european countries * april 6 , 1992 , full recognition of [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] ’ s independence by | ||
| 448875139 | 0 | ]] [[ pt : jugoslávia ]] [[ ro : iugoslavia ]] [[ qu : yuguslawya ]] [[ ru : югославия ]] [[ sc : iugoslàvia ]] [[ scn : jugoslavia ]] | [[ si : යුගොස්ලෝවියාව ]] | [[ simple : yugoslavia ]] [[ sk : juhoslávia ]] [[ sl : jugoslavija ]] [[ sr : југославија ]] [[ sh : jugoslavija ]] [[ fi : jugoslavia ]] [[ | |
| 467907565 | 10 | > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of the republic of macedonia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | [[ serbia and | modern countries , members of the un : { | class = " wikitable " ! < center > ' ' ' [[ list of countries | name ]] ' ' ' < / center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' [[ capital city | capital ]] ' ' ' < / center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' [[ flag ]] ' ' ' < / center > ! ! < center > ' ' ' [[ coat of arms ]] ' ' ' < / center > | montenegro ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ belgrade ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of serbia and montenegro . | |
| 13 | [[ serbia and montenegro ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ belgrade ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of serbia | ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ podgorica | serbia and montenegro . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of serbia and montenegro . svg | | ||
| 19 | [[ serbia and montenegro ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ belgrade ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of serbia | and | montenegro . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of serbia and montenegro . svg | 40px ]] | ||
| 467914600 | 3 | / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of montenegro . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | [[ republic of serbia | serbia and | montenegro . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | [[ republic of serbia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | | |
| 21 | center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of serbia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | [[ republic of slovenia ]] | | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ ljubljana ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of slovenia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of slovenia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | - | } | the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , which applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004 . croatia applied for membership in | ||
| 468741070 | 1 | end of world war ii . the constituent six socialist republics and two socialist autonomous provinces that made up the country were : [[ sr bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ | socialist republic of croatia | | sr croatia ]] , [[ sr macedonia ]] , [[ sr montenegro ]] , [[ sr slovenia ]] and [[ sr serbia ]] ( including the [[ autonomy | autonomous ]] | |
| 2 | . the constituent six socialist republics and two socialist autonomous provinces that made up the country were : [[ sr bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ sr croatia ]] , [[ | socialist republic of macedonia | | sr macedonia ]] , [[ sr montenegro ]] , [[ sr slovenia ]] and [[ sr serbia ]] ( including the [[ autonomy | autonomous ]] provinces of [[ sap vojvodina | ||
| 3 | republics and two socialist autonomous provinces that made up the country were : [[ sr bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ sr croatia ]] , [[ sr macedonia ]] , [[ | socialist republic of montenegro | | sr montenegro ]] , [[ sr slovenia ]] and [[ sr serbia ]] ( including the [[ autonomy | autonomous ]] provinces of [[ sap vojvodina | vojvodina ]] and [[ | ||
| 4 | provinces that made up the country were : [[ sr bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ sr croatia ]] , [[ sr macedonia ]] , [[ sr montenegro ]] , [[ | socialist republic of slovenia | | sr slovenia ]] and [[ sr serbia ]] ( including the [[ autonomy | autonomous ]] provinces of [[ sap vojvodina | vojvodina ]] and [[ sap kosovo | kosovo ]] | ||
| 5 | country were : [[ sr bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ sr croatia ]] , [[ sr macedonia ]] , [[ sr montenegro ]] , [[ sr slovenia ]] and [[ | socialist republic of serbia | | sr serbia ]] ( including the [[ autonomy | autonomous ]] provinces of [[ sap vojvodina | vojvodina ]] and [[ sap kosovo | kosovo ]] which after 1974 were largely | ||
| 493354776 | 4 | [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] is formed * november 1995 , [[ dayton agreement ]] is signed by leaders of fr yugoslavia , bosnia and herzegovina and croatia = = | third yugoslavia = = | federal republic of yugoslavia = = main article : [[ serbia and montenegro ]] as yugoslavia began to dissolve and the subsequent [[ yugoslav wars | wars ]] raged through croatia | |
| 496174460 | 17 | = = {{ main | kingdom of yugoslavia }} [[ file : flag of the kingdom of yugoslavia . svg | thumb | right | flag of the kingdom of yugoslavia | ]] [[ file : banovine jugoslavia . png | thumb | 250px | right | [[ kingdom of yugoslavia # internal divisions | | banovinas ]] of yugoslavia in 1929 . ]] formed in 1918 immediately after world war i as the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes by union of the [[ | |
| 499509992 | 3 | republic of yugoslavia ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ belgrade ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of serbia and | | < center > [[ file : flag of serbia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of serbia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | serbia and montenegro . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of serbia and montenegro . svg | | |
| 542255901 | 0 | / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of croatia . svg | 40px ]] < center > | - | [[ republic of kosovo | | the republic of | kosovo ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ pristina ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of kosovo . svg | | |
| 542271207 | 0 | was renamed again to the [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( sfry ) . this was the largest yugoslav state , as [[ istria ]] , [[ rijeka ]] | , | and [[ zadar ]] were added to the new yugoslavia after the end of world war ii . the constituent six socialist republics and two socialist autonomous provinces that made up | |
| 563179561 | 5 | now used to increase it : in the eight member council , serbia could now count on four votes minimum – serbia proper , then - loyal montenegro , and vojvodina | , | and kosovo . as a result of these events , the [[ albanian people | ethnic albanian ]] miners in [[ kosovo ]] organized the [[ 1989 kosovo miners ' strike | |
| 6 | as little as 10 % of the total population in kosovo . meanwhile [[ slovenia ]] , under the presidency of [[ milan kučan ]] , and [[ croatia ]] supported | the | albanian miners and their struggle for formal recognition . initial strikes turned into widespread demonstrations demanding a kosovan republic . this angered serbia ' s leadership which proceeded to use police | ||
| 563180646 | 11 | [[ bogić bogićević ]] ) , voted against . the tie delayed an escalation of conflicts , but not for long . slobodan milošević installed his proponents in vojvodina , kosovo | , | and montenegro during [[ anti - bureaucratic revolution # october 1988 : vojvodina : yogurt revolution | yogurt revolutions ]] . following the first multi - party election results , in | |
| 563181056 | 1 | }} < / ref > in bosnia and herzegovina in november 1991 , the bosnian serbs held a referendum which resulted in an overwhelming vote in favour of forming serbian republic | in | within the | borders of bosnia and herzegovina and staying in a common state with serbia and montenegro . on 9 january 1992 , the self - proclaimed bosnian serb assembly proclaimed a separate |
| 6 | requirement actually meant and whether it was satisfied . the republic ' s government declared its independence on 5 april , and the serbs immediately declared the independence of republika srpska | ' ' | . the [[ bosnian war | war in bosnia ]] followed shortly thereafter . = = = timeline = = = various dates are considered the end of the socialist federal | ||
| 7 | yugoslav authorities . 500 u . s . soldiers were then deployed under the u . n . banner to monitor macedonia ' s northern borders with the republic of serbia | , yugoslavia | . macedonia ' s first president , [[ kiro gligorov ]] , maintained good relations with belgrade and the other breakaway republics and there have to date been no problems between | ||
| 563182107 | 4 | april 1992 , [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] is formed * 14 december 1995 , [[ dayton agreement ]] is signed by leaders of fr yugoslavia , bosnia and herzegovina | , | and croatia = = new states = = {{ multiple image | align = right | direction = vertical | width = 250 | header = | image1 = map of | |
| 578523219 | 3 | communist government was established . in 1963 , it was renamed again to the [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( sfry ) . this was the largest yugoslav state | , | as [[ istria ]] , [[ rijeka ]] , and [[ zadar ]] were added to the new yugoslavia after the end of world war ii . the constituent six socialist | |
| 578690791 | 9 | of serbs , croats and slovenes ' ' , was established on 1 december 1918 by the union of the [[ state of slovenes , croats and serbs ]] and the | former [[ austro - hungarian empire ]] ) with the formerly independent | [[ kingdom of serbia ]] ( which had annexed the [[ kingdom of montenegro ]] on 13 november ) . the conference of ambassadors in paris gave international recognition to the | |
| 588344999 | 3 | serbs ]] ( itself formed from territories of the former [[ austro - hungarian empire ]] ) liberated by serbian army , with the formerly independent [[ kingdom of serbia ]] | ( which united the | and | [[ kingdom of montenegro ]] five days previously , while the regions of [[ kosovo ]] , [[ vojvodina ]] and [[ vardar macedonia ]] were parts of serbia prior to |
| 31 | former [[ austro - hungarian empire ]] ) liberated by serbian army , with the formerly independent [[ kingdom of serbia ]] ( which united the [[ kingdom of montenegro ]] | five days previously , while the regions of [[ kosovo ]] , [[ vojvodina ]] and [[ vardar macedonia ]] were parts of serbia prior to the unification ) | . serbian royal [[ house of karadjordjevic ]] , became yugoslav royalty . it gained international recognition on 13 july 1922 at the conference of ambassadors in paris . < ref | ||
| 594475714 | 8 | at 5 : 12 & nbsp ; am on 6 april 1941 , [[ nazi germany | german ]] , [[ italian fascism | italian ]] and hungarian forces attacked yugoslavia | [[ invasion of | yugoslavia . the german air force ( ' ' [[ luftwaffe ]] ' ' ) bombed [[ belgrade ]] and other major yugoslav cities . on 17 april , representatives of | |
| 606952320 | 0 | ( itself formed from territories of the former [[ austro - hungarian empire ]] ) with the formerly independent [[ kingdom of serbia ]] and [[ kingdom of montenegro ]] . | the | serbian royal [[ house of karađorđević ]] became the yugoslav royal dynasty . yugoslavia gained international recognition on 13 july 1922 at the conference of ambassadors in paris . < ref | |
| 616888308 | 24 | arm of the serbian government by that time so the consequence feared by the other republics was to be total serbian domination of the union . the representatives of [[ serbia | ]] | , montenegro , [[ kosovo ]] , and [[ vojvodina ]] voted for the decision , while all other republics , croatia ( [[ stjepan mesić | stipe mesić ]] ) | |
| 25 | government by that time so the consequence feared by the other republics was to be total serbian domination of the union . the representatives of [[ serbia ]] , montenegro , | [[ | kosovo ]] , and [[ vojvodina ]] voted for the decision , while all other republics , croatia ( [[ stjepan mesić | stipe mesić ]] ) , slovenia ( [[ | ||
| 26 | that time so the consequence feared by the other republics was to be total serbian domination of the union . the representatives of [[ serbia ]] , montenegro , [[ kosovo | ]] | , and [[ vojvodina ]] voted for the decision , while all other republics , croatia ( [[ stjepan mesić | stipe mesić ]] ) , slovenia ( [[ janez drnovšek | ||
| 27 | the consequence feared by the other republics was to be total serbian domination of the union . the representatives of [[ serbia ]] , montenegro , [[ kosovo ]] , and | [[ | vojvodina ]] voted for the decision , while all other republics , croatia ( [[ stjepan mesić | stipe mesić ]] ) , slovenia ( [[ janez drnovšek ]] ) , | ||
| 29 | the union . the representatives of [[ serbia ]] , montenegro , [[ kosovo ]] , and [[ vojvodina ]] voted for the decision , while all other republics , croatia | ( [[ stjepan mesić | stipe mesić ]] ) | , slovenia ( [[ janez drnovšek ]] ) , macedonia ( [[ vasil tupurkovski ]] ) and bosnia and hercegovina ( [[ bogić bogićević ]] ) , voted against . the | ||
| 30 | , [[ kosovo ]] , and [[ vojvodina ]] voted for the decision , while all other republics , croatia ( [[ stjepan mesić | stipe mesić ]] ) , slovenia | ( [[ janez drnovšek ]] ) | , macedonia ( [[ vasil tupurkovski ]] ) and bosnia and hercegovina ( [[ bogić bogićević ]] ) , voted against . the tie delayed an escalation of conflicts , but | ||
| 622094862 | 15 | , then - loyal montenegro , vojvodina , and kosovo . as a result of these events , the [[ kosovo albanians | ethnic albanian ]] miners in [[ kosovo ]] | organized | organised | the [[ 1989 kosovo miners ' strike ]] , which dovetailed into ethnic conflict between the albanians and the non - albanians in the province . at around 80 % of |
| 667094505 | 0 | of slovenes , croats and serbs ]] ( itself formed from territories of the former [[ austro - hungarian empire ]] ) with the formerly independent [[ kingdom of serbia ]] | and [[ kingdom of montenegro ]] | . the serbian royal [[ house of karađorđević ]] became the yugoslav royal dynasty . yugoslavia gained international recognition on 13 july 1922 at the [[ conference of ambassadors ]] in | |
| 702550312 | 48 | [[ socialist republic of montenegro | sr montenegro ]] , [[ socialist republic of slovenia | sr slovenia ]] , and [[ socialist republic of serbia | sr serbia ]] . | [[ | serbia contained two socialist autonomous provinces , [[ socialist autonomous province of vojvodina | vojvodina ]] and [[ socialist autonomous province of kosovo | kosovo ]] , which after 1974 were | |
| 702589142 | 42 | [[ 1946 ]] , when a [[ communist government ]] was established . it acquired the territories of [[ istria ]] , [[ rijeka ]] , and [[ zadar ]] from | [[ | italy ]] . [[ partisan ]] leader [[ josip broz tito ]] ruled the country as president until his death in [[ 1980 ]] . in [[ 1963 ]] , the | |
| 50 | [[ socialist republic of montenegro | sr montenegro ]] , [[ socialist republic of slovenia | sr slovenia ]] , and [[ socialist republic of serbia | sr serbia ]] . | [[ | serbia ]] contained two socialist autonomous provinces , [[ socialist autonomous province of vojvodina | vojvodina ]] and [[ socialist autonomous province of kosovo | kosovo ]] , which after [[ | ||
| 57 | 1999 | accessdate = 29 december 2010 }} < / ref > after an economic and political crisis in the [[ 1980s ]] and the rise of nationalism , [[ yugoslavia | ]] | [[ breakup of yugoslavia | broke up ]] along its republics ' borders , at first into five countries , leading to the [[ yugoslav wars ]] . after the breakup | ||
| 722051153 | 1 | its republics ' borders , at first into five countries , leading to the [[ yugoslav wars ]] . after the breakup , the republics of [[ serbia ]] and [[ | republic of montenegro ( 1992 – 2006 ) | | montenegro ]] formed a reduced federation , the [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( fry ) , which aspired to the status of sole [[ succession of states | legal | |
| 768225465 | 1 | state of slovenes , croats and serbs ]] ( itself formed from territories of the former [[ austro - hungarian empire ]] ) with the formerly independent [[ kingdom of serbia | | kebab remover | ]] . the serbian royal [[ house of karađorđević ]] became the yugoslav royal dynasty . yugoslavia gained international recognition on 13 july 1922 at the [[ conference of ambassadors ]] | |
| 768228450 | 2 | of slovenes , croats and kebab removers ]] ( itself formed from territories of the former [[ austro - hungarian empire ]] ) with the formerly independent [[ kingdom of serbia | | kebab remover | ]] . the serbian royal [[ house of karađorđević ]] became the yugoslav royal dynasty . yugoslavia gained international recognition on 13 july 1922 at the [[ conference of ambassadors ]] | |
| 772700676 | 1 | pdf | publisher = ebrd country promotion programme | page = 3 }} < / ref > fry was renamed to the ' ' ' state union of serbia and montenegro | ' ' ' | ]] | in 2003 . serbia and montenegro themselves broke up in 2006 and became independent states , while [[ republic of kosovo | kosovo ]] proclaimed independence in 2008 . = = |
| 790079385 | 0 | | yugoslavia succeeds to seven countries , which are [[ slovenia ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ serbia ]] , | the | [[ kosovo ]] and [[ former yugoslavia republic of macedonia ]] ( fyrom ) . ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( {{ lang - sh | jugoslavija }} | |
| 1 | ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ serbia ]] , [[ kosovo ]] and [[ former yugoslavia republic of macedonia ]] | and [[ kosovo ]] | ( fyrom ) . ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( {{ lang - sh | jugoslavija }} / југославија {{ ipa - sh | juɡǒslaːʋija | } } | ||
| 3 | yugoslavia succeeds to seven countries , which are [[ slovenia ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ serbia ]] , [[ | kosovo ]] and [[ former yugoslavia | republic of macedonia ]] ( fyrom ) . ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( {{ lang - sh | jugoslavija }} / југославија {{ ipa - sh | | ||
| 824490818 | 6 | {st@rt} {{ for2 | the 1943 – 1992 federation | [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] | the 1918 – 1941 / 43 kingdom | [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] | }} {{ distinguish | | serbia and montenegro {{ ! }} federal republic of yugoslavia }} {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} {{ use dmy | |
| 841673050 | 0 | was renamed to [[ serbia and montenegro | state union of serbia and montenegro ]] . the union peacefully broke up in 2006 , when serbia and montenegro became independent states | in 2006 | , while [[ kosovo ]] proclaimed its independence from serbia in 2008 . = = background = = {{ main article | creation of yugoslavia }} the concept of ' ' | |
| 847902924 | 1 | yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} {{ use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} {{ infobox former country | conventional _ long _ name = yugoslavia | < small > ( 1929 & ndash ; 1992 ) < / small > | [[ yugoslav government - in - exile | government - in - exile ]] }} }} }} | p1 = kingdom of serbia | flag _ p1 = state flag of |
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| 44222520 | 1 | were among serbs of bosnia and croatia , and members of [[ aryan | non - aryan ]] ( according to the german racist theory : [[ jew | jews ]] | s | , [[ roma people | gypsies ]] ) minorities , high also among all other non - [[ collaboration | collaborating ]] population . during the war , the [[ communism | |
| 4 | very high losses were among serbs of bosnia and croatia , and members of [[ aryan | non - aryan ]] ( according to the german racist theory : [[ jew | | jews | ]] , [[ roma people | gypsies ]] ) minorities , high also among all other non - [[ collaboration | collaborating ]] population . during the war , the [[ | ||
| 63330276 | 35 | very high losses were among serbs of bosnia and croatia , and members of [[ aryan | non - aryan ]] ( according to the german racist theory : [[ jew | | jewish | ]] s , [[ roma people | gypsies ]] ) minorities , high also among all other non - [[ collaboration | collaborating ]] population . during the war , the | |
| 36 | high losses were among serbs of bosnia and croatia , and members of [[ aryan | non - aryan ]] ( according to the german racist theory : [[ jew ]] | s , | and | [[ roma people | gypsies ]] ) minorities , high also among all other non - [[ collaboration | collaborating ]] population . during the war , the [[ communism | | |
| 102669832 | 5 | the [[ axis powers ]] occupied yugoslavia and split it up . the [[ independent state of croatia ]] was established as a nazi puppet - state , ruled by the | [[ | catholicism | catholic ]] [[ fascism | fascist ]] militia known as the [[ ustaše ]] that came into existence in 1929 , but was relatively limited in its activities until | |
| 6 | ]] occupied yugoslavia and split it up . the [[ independent state of croatia ]] was established as a nazi puppet - state , ruled by the [[ catholicism | catholic | ]] [[ | fascism | fascist ]] militia known as the [[ ustaše ]] that came into existence in 1929 , but was relatively limited in its activities until 1941 . german troops occupied | ||
| 102992475 | 0 | were taken prisoners . the axis powers occupied yugoslavia and split it up . the independent state of croatia was established as a nazi puppet - state , ruled by the | [[ | catholicism | catholic fascism | fascist militia known as the ustaše that came into existence in 1929 , but was relatively limited in its activities until 1941 . german troops occupied | |
| 1 | . the axis powers occupied yugoslavia and split it up . the independent state of croatia was established as a nazi puppet - state , ruled by the catholicism | catholic | ]] [[ | fascism | fascist militia known as the ustaše that came into existence in 1929 , but was relatively limited in its activities until 1941 . german troops occupied bosnia and herzegovina | ||
| 2 | powers occupied yugoslavia and split it up . the independent state of croatia was established as a nazi puppet - state , ruled by the catholicism | catholic fascism | fascist | ]] | militia known as the ustaše that came into existence in 1929 , but was relatively limited in its activities until 1941 . german troops occupied bosnia and herzegovina as well as | ||
| 134919978 | 1 | claimed 1 , 700 , 000 casualties . very high losses were among [[ serbs ]] who lived in bosnia and croatia , as well as [[ jew | jewish ]] | ish | and [[ roma people | roma ]] minorities , high also among all other non - [[ collaboration | collaborating ]] population . during the war , the [[ communism | | |
| 157504208 | 2 | = yugoslavia has always been a home to a very diverse population , not only in terms of national affiliation , but also religious affiliation . of the many religions , | [[ | islam , catholicism , judaism and protestantism as well as various orthodox faiths composed the religions of yugoslavia , comprising over 40 in all . the religious demographics of yugoslavia have | |
| 3 | yugoslavia has always been a home to a very diverse population , not only in terms of national affiliation , but also religious affiliation . of the many religions , islam | ]] | , catholicism , judaism and protestantism as well as various orthodox faiths composed the religions of yugoslavia , comprising over 40 in all . the religious demographics of yugoslavia have changed | ||
| 4 | has always been a home to a very diverse population , not only in terms of national affiliation , but also religious affiliation . of the many religions , islam , | [[ | catholicism , judaism and protestantism as well as various orthodox faiths composed the religions of yugoslavia , comprising over 40 in all . the religious demographics of yugoslavia have changed dramatically | ||
| 5 | always been a home to a very diverse population , not only in terms of national affiliation , but also religious affiliation . of the many religions , islam , catholicism | ]] | , judaism and protestantism as well as various orthodox faiths composed the religions of yugoslavia , comprising over 40 in all . the religious demographics of yugoslavia have changed dramatically since | ||
| 6 | been a home to a very diverse population , not only in terms of national affiliation , but also religious affiliation . of the many religions , islam , catholicism , | [[ | judaism and protestantism as well as various orthodox faiths composed the religions of yugoslavia , comprising over 40 in all . the religious demographics of yugoslavia have changed dramatically since world | ||
| 7 | a home to a very diverse population , not only in terms of national affiliation , but also religious affiliation . of the many religions , islam , catholicism , judaism | ]] | and protestantism as well as various orthodox faiths composed the religions of yugoslavia , comprising over 40 in all . the religious demographics of yugoslavia have changed dramatically since world war | ||
| 8 | home to a very diverse population , not only in terms of national affiliation , but also religious affiliation . of the many religions , islam , catholicism , judaism and | [[ | protestantism as well as various orthodox faiths composed the religions of yugoslavia , comprising over 40 in all . the religious demographics of yugoslavia have changed dramatically since world war ii | ||
| 9 | to a very diverse population , not only in terms of national affiliation , but also religious affiliation . of the many religions , islam , catholicism , judaism and protestantism | ]] | as well as various orthodox faiths composed the religions of yugoslavia , comprising over 40 in all . the religious demographics of yugoslavia have changed dramatically since world war ii . | ||
| 284695040 | 77 | italy . during this time the independent state of croatia created concentration camps for anti - fascists , communists , [[ serbs ]] , [[ gypsies ]] and [[ jews ]] | . one such camp was the [[ jasenovac concentration camp ]] . a large number of men , women | and children , jews , serbs , and croat resistance members , were murdered in these camps . < ref > http : / / en . wikipedia . org / | |
| 405576490 | 0 | , the croatian [[ ustaše ]] regime murdered around 500 , 000 people , 250 , 000 were expelled , and another 200 , 000 were forced to convert to catholicism | , | ; | the victims were predominantly [[ serbs ]] , but include 37 , 000 [[ jews ]] . < ref > {{ cite web | url = http : / / www1 |
| 441313646 | 57 | and mitigate nationalist passions . however , alexander ' s policies later encountered opposition from other european powers stemming from developments in italy and germany , where [[ fascism | fascists | ]] | and [[ nazism | nazis ]] rose to power , and the [[ soviet union ]] , where [[ joseph stalin | stalin ]] became absolute ruler . none of these | |
| 85 | }} yugoslavia had always been a home to a very diverse population , not only in terms of national affiliation , but also religious affiliation . of the many religions , | [[ | islam ]] , [[ catholicism ]] , [[ judaism ]] and [[ protestantism ]] as well as various [[ eastern christianity | orthodox ]] faiths composed the religions of yugoslavia , | ||
| 86 | had always been a home to a very diverse population , not only in terms of national affiliation , but also religious affiliation . of the many religions , [[ islam | ]] | , [[ catholicism ]] , [[ judaism ]] and [[ protestantism ]] as well as various [[ eastern christianity | orthodox ]] faiths composed the religions of yugoslavia , comprising over | ||
| 87 | been a home to a very diverse population , not only in terms of national affiliation , but also religious affiliation . of the many religions , [[ islam ]] , | [[ | catholicism ]] , [[ judaism ]] and [[ protestantism ]] as well as various [[ eastern christianity | orthodox ]] faiths composed the religions of yugoslavia , comprising over 40 in | ||
| 88 | home to a very diverse population , not only in terms of national affiliation , but also religious affiliation . of the many religions , [[ islam ]] , [[ catholicism | ]] | , [[ judaism ]] and [[ protestantism ]] as well as various [[ eastern christianity | orthodox ]] faiths composed the religions of yugoslavia , comprising over 40 in all . | ||
| 89 | a very diverse population , not only in terms of national affiliation , but also religious affiliation . of the many religions , [[ islam ]] , [[ catholicism ]] , | [[ | judaism ]] and [[ protestantism ]] as well as various [[ eastern christianity | orthodox ]] faiths composed the religions of yugoslavia , comprising over 40 in all . the religious | ||
| 90 | diverse population , not only in terms of national affiliation , but also religious affiliation . of the many religions , [[ islam ]] , [[ catholicism ]] , [[ judaism | ]] | and [[ protestantism ]] as well as various [[ eastern christianity | orthodox ]] faiths composed the religions of yugoslavia , comprising over 40 in all . the religious demographics of | ||
| 91 | , not only in terms of national affiliation , but also religious affiliation . of the many religions , [[ islam ]] , [[ catholicism ]] , [[ judaism ]] and | [[ | protestantism ]] as well as various [[ eastern christianity | orthodox ]] faiths composed the religions of yugoslavia , comprising over 40 in all . the religious demographics of yugoslavia have | ||
| 92 | only in terms of national affiliation , but also religious affiliation . of the many religions , [[ islam ]] , [[ catholicism ]] , [[ judaism ]] and [[ protestantism | ]] | as well as various [[ eastern christianity | orthodox ]] faiths composed the religions of yugoslavia , comprising over 40 in all . the religious demographics of yugoslavia have changed dramatically | ||
| 468701811 | 42 | concentration were [[ slovenia ]] 65 . 4 % , [[ serbia ]] with 63 . 7 % and [[ croatia ]] with 63 . 6 % . religious differences between | [[ | orthodox christian ]] [[ serbs ]] , catholic [[ croats ]] , and muslim [[ bosniaks ]] and the rise of nationalism contributed to the collapse of yugoslavia in 1991 . | |
| 490102167 | 0 | had always been a home to a very diverse population , not only in terms of national affiliation , but also religious affiliation . of the many religions , islam , | roman | catholicism , judaism and protestantism as well as various [[ eastern christianity | orthodox ]] faiths composed the religions of yugoslavia , comprising over 40 in all . the religious demographics | |
| 1 | in terms of national affiliation , but also religious affiliation . of the many religions , islam , catholicism , judaism and protestantism as well as various [[ eastern christianity | | eastern | orthodox ]] faiths composed the religions of yugoslavia , comprising over 40 in all . the religious demographics of yugoslavia have changed dramatically since world war ii . a census taken | ||
| 563178883 | 0 | home to a very diverse population , not only in terms of national affiliation , but also religious affiliation . of the many religions , islam , roman catholicism , judaism | , | and protestantism as well as various [[ eastern christianity | eastern orthodox ]] faiths composed the religions of yugoslavia , comprising over 40 in all . the religious demographics of yugoslavia | |
| 1 | a very diverse population , not only in terms of national affiliation , but also religious affiliation . of the many religions , islam , roman catholicism , judaism and protestantism | , | as well as various [[ eastern christianity | eastern orthodox ]] faiths composed the religions of yugoslavia , comprising over 40 in all . the religious demographics of yugoslavia have changed | ||
| 643714069 | 0 | also religious affiliation . of the many religions , islam , roman catholicism , judaism , and protestantism , as well as various [[ eastern christianity | eastern orthodox ]] faiths | , | composed the religions of yugoslavia , comprising over 40 in all . the religious demographics of yugoslavia changed dramatically since world war ii . a census taken in 1921 and later | |
| 1 | home to a very diverse population , not only in terms of national affiliation , but also religious affiliation . of the many religions , islam , roman catholicism , judaism | , | and protestantism , as well as various [[ eastern christianity | eastern orthodox ]] faiths composed the religions of yugoslavia , comprising over 40 in all . the religious demographics of | ||
| 706505610 | 0 | 45 , the croatian [[ ustaše ]] regime murdered around 500 , 000 people , 250 , 000 were expelled , and another 200 , 000 were forced to convert to | [[ | catholicism ; the victims were predominantly [[ serbs | serbians ]] but included 37 , 000 jews . < ref > {{ cite web | url = http : / / | |
| 1 | , the croatian [[ ustaše ]] regime murdered around 500 , 000 people , 250 , 000 were expelled , and another 200 , 000 were forced to convert to catholicism | ]] | ; the victims were predominantly [[ serbs | serbians ]] but included 37 , 000 jews . < ref > {{ cite web | url = http : / / www1 |
| left_string | del_string | ins_string | right_string | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 13673402 | 0 | by [[ milorad b . protitch ]] and named after yugoslavia . = = see also = = * [[ history of the balkans ]] * [[ history of europe ]] | * [[ yugoslavian ]] | = = references = = * {{ loc }} - [ http : / / lcweb2 . loc . gov / frd / cs / yutoc . html yugoslavia ] = | |||
| 13673857 | 0 | milorad b . protitch ]] and named after yugoslavia . = = see also = = * [[ history of the balkans ]] * [[ history of europe ]] * [[ | yugoslavian | yugoslav | ]] = = references = = * {{ loc }} - [ http : / / lcweb2 . loc . gov / frd / cs / yutoc . html yugoslavia ] | ||
| 13682779 | 0 | by [[ milorad b . protitch ]] and named after yugoslavia . = = see also = = * [[ history of the balkans ]] * [[ history of europe ]] | * [[ yugoslav ]] | = = references = = * {{ loc }} - [ http : / / lcweb2 . loc . gov / frd / cs / yutoc . html yugoslavia ] = | |||
| 18506606 | 0 | by [[ milorad b . protić ]] and named after yugoslavia . = = see also = = * [[ history of the balkans ]] * [[ history of europe ]] | * [[ wars of yugoslavian succession ]] | = = references = = * {{ loc }} - [ http : / / lcweb2 . loc . gov / frd / cs / yutoc . html yugoslavia ] = | |||
| 37073182 | 0 | yugoslavia . = = see also = = * [[ history of the balkans ]] * [[ history of europe ]] * [[ yugoslav wars | wars of yugoslav succession ]] | * [[ monarchs of serbia ]] * [[ monarchy ]] * [[ house of karadjordjević ]] * [[ black george ]] * [[ alexander , crown prince of yugoslavia ]] | = = references = = * {{ loc }} - [ http : / / lcweb2 . loc . gov / frd / cs / yutoc . html yugoslavia ] {{ | |||
| 49289473 | 0 | b . protić ]] and named after yugoslavia . = = see also = = * [[ history of the balkans ]] * [[ history of europe ]] * [[ yugoslav | wars | wars of yugoslav succession ]] * [[ alexander , crown prince of yugoslavia ]] | war | = = references = = * {{ loc }} – [ http : / / lcweb2 . loc . gov / frd / cs / yutoc . html yugoslavia ] {{ | ||
| 49314179 | 0 | . protić ]] and named after yugoslavia . = = see also = = * [[ history of the balkans ]] * [[ history of europe ]] * [[ yugoslav war | ]] | = = references = = * {{ loc }} – [ http : / / lcweb2 . loc . gov / frd / cs / yutoc . html yugoslavia ] {{ | |||
| 90006834 | 0 | protić ]] and named after yugoslavia . = = see also = = * [[ history of the balkans ]] * [[ history of europe ]] * [[ yugoslav war ]] | {{ yug - timeline }} | = = references = = on [[ 7 april ]] [[ 1963 ]] the nation changed its official name to [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] and [[ josip broz tito | tito ]] was named [[ president for life ]] . in sfry , each republic and province had its own constitution , supreme court , parliament , president and prime minister . at the top of the yugoslav government were the president ( tito ) , the federal prime minister , and the federal parliament ( a collective presidency was formed after tito ' s death in 1980 ) . also important were the [[ communist party of yugoslavia | communist party ]] general secretaries for each republic and province , and the general secretary of central committee of the communist party . josip broz tito was the most powerful person in the country , followed by republican and provincial premiers and presidents , and communist party presidents . a wide variety of people suffered from his disfavor . slobodan penezić krcun , tito ' s chief of secret police in serbia , fell victim to a dubious traffic incident after he started to complain about tito ' s politics . the interior minister [[ aleksandar ranković ]] lost all of his titles and rights after a major disagreement with tito regarding state politics . sometimes ministers in government , such as [[ edvard kardelj ]] or [[ stane dolanc ]] , were more important than the prime minister . the suppression of national identities escalated with the | so that they could get free porn . . = = federal republic of yugoslavia = = [[ image : yugoslaviamap . png | thumb | 200px | the federal republic | ||
| 5 | | communist ]] state , starting as a [[ prime minister ]] . well the people sucked dick to get liberated and fuckin fucked 24 hours a day so that they | could get free porn | were at war with the army and gave instructions about arms smuggling as well as methods of dealing with the yugoslav army ' s officers stationed in croatian cities | . . = = federal republic of yugoslavia = = [[ image : yugoslaviamap . png | thumb | 200px | the federal republic of yugoslavia consisted of serbia and montenegro | |||
| 115465480 | 2 | european union ]] ' ' . = = = remaining cultural and ethnic ties = = = similarity of the languages and long history of common life have left many ties | between | among | the peoples of the new states , even though the state policies of the new states favours differentiation , particularly in the language area . once the [[ serbo - croatian | ||
| 4 | similarity of the languages and long history of common life have left many ties between the peoples of the new states , even though the state policies of the new states | favours | favour | differentiation , particularly in the language area . once the [[ serbo - croatian language ]] was officially considered a unique language with several literary and spoken variants and was also | |||
| 11 | language ]] , [[ croatian language ]] , [[ serbian language ]] and to some extent also the [[ montenegrin language ]] . many mixed marriages exist . the first generation | offspring | children | of such marriages have difficulties with ethnic identification . this gave the rise to a statistical category of yugoslav ethnic determination used under yugoslavia . now the offspring of mixed marriages | |||
| 12 | language ]] , [[ serbian language ]] and to some extent also the [[ montenegrin language ]] . many mixed marriages exist . the first generation offspring of such marriages have | difficulties | difficulty | with ethnic identification . this gave the rise to a statistical category of yugoslav ethnic determination used under yugoslavia . now the offspring of mixed marriages has to either take up | |||
| 16 | of such marriages have difficulties with ethnic identification . this gave the rise to a statistical category of yugoslav ethnic determination used under yugoslavia . now the offspring of mixed marriages | has | have either | to either take up one of the parent ' s ethnicities or declare as undecided . remembrance of the times of the joint state and its perceived positive attributes is referred | |||
| 17 | marriages have difficulties with ethnic identification . this gave the rise to a statistical category of yugoslav ethnic determination used under yugoslavia . now the offspring of mixed marriages has to | either take up | assume the ethnic identity of | one of the parent ' s ethnicities or declare as undecided . remembrance of the times of the joint state and its perceived positive attributes is referred to as [[ yugonostalgy | |||
| 19 | determination used under yugoslavia . now the offspring of mixed marriages has to either take up one of the parent ' s ethnicities or declare as undecided . remembrance of the | times | time | of the joint state and its perceived positive attributes is referred to as [[ yugonostalgy ]] ( jugonostalgija ) . in most present - day independent states yugonostalgic sentiments are considered | |||
| 115750122 | 0 | army in occupied western and central europe . the chetniks initially made notable incursions and were supported by the exiled royal government as well as the [[ allies ]] , but | were | they | soon restrained from taking wider actions due to german reprisals against the serb civilian population . for every killed soldier , the germans executed 100 civilians , and for each wounded | ||
| 1 | occupied western and central europe . the chetniks initially made notable incursions and were supported by the exiled royal government as well as the [[ allies ]] , but were soon | restrained from taking wider actions due | started | to german reprisals against the serb civilian population . for every killed soldier , the germans executed 100 civilians , and for each wounded , they killed 50 . regarding the | |||
| 2 | chetniks initially made notable incursions and were supported by the exiled royal government as well as the [[ allies ]] , but were soon restrained from taking wider actions due to | german reprisals against the serb civilian population | collaborate with nazis | . for every killed soldier , the germans executed 100 civilians , and for each wounded , they killed 50 . regarding the human cost as too high , the chetniks | |||
| 115837604 | 2 | into the largest resistance army in occupied western and central europe . the chetniks initially were supported by the exiled royal government as well as the [[ allies ]] , but | they | were | soon started to collaborate with nazis . for every killed soldier , the germans executed 100 civilians , and for each wounded , they killed 50 . however , nov carried | ||
| 3 | largest resistance army in occupied western and central europe . the chetniks initially were supported by the exiled royal government as well as the [[ allies ]] , but they soon | started | restrained from taking wider actions due | to collaborate with nazis . for every killed soldier , the germans executed 100 civilians , and for each wounded , they killed 50 . however , nov carried on its | |||
| 118460935 | 1 | 1946 ) , and the " [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( sfry ) " ( 1963 ) . it disintegrated following the [[ yugoslav wars ]] , which | led to | followed | the secession of most of the constituent elements of the sfry . the ' ' ' federal republic of yugoslavia ' ' ' ( fry ) ( [[ april 27 ]] | ||
| 118636043 | 0 | one month paid vacation , plus a year ' s maternity leave , if needed . respect for workers was a central concern of government and society . = = = | population | demographics | = = = the population of the large yugoslavia in 1980 was 23 million . after it broke in 1990 it was 15 . 2 million . = = = the | ||
| 125725649 | 13 | banovinas ]] in 1929 ]] = = = king alexander ' s dictatorship = = = following this , [[ alexander i of yugoslavia | king alexander i ]] banned national | political | jew | parties in 1929 , assumed executive power and renamed the country yugoslavia . he hoped to curb separatist tendencies and mitigate nationalist passions . however , alexander ' s policies soon | ||
| 19 | alexander ' s dictatorship was to further alienate the non - serbs of the idea of unity . the king was assassinated in [[ marseilles ]] during an official visit to | france in | jewin | 1934 by an experienced [[ vlado chernozemski | marksman ]] from [[ ivan mihailov | ivan mihailov ' s ]] [[ imro ]] in the cooperation of the [[ ustaše ]] | |||
| 125729057 | 11 | | banovinas ]] in 1929 ]] = = = king alexander ' s dictatorship = = = following this , [[ alexander i of yugoslavia | king jewsi ]] banned national | jew | political | parties in 1929 , assumed jewish power and renamed the country jewgoslavia . jews hoped to curb separatist tendencies and mitigate nationalist passions . however , alexander ' s policies soon | ||
| 17 | alexander ' s dictatorship was to further alienate the non - serbs of the idea of unity . the jew was assassinated in [[ marseilles ]] during an official visit to | jewin | france in | 1934 by an experienced [[ vlado chernozemski | marksman ]] from [[ ivan mihailov | ivan mihailov ' s ]] [[ imro ]] in the cooperation of the [[ ustaše ]] | |||
| 126485044 | 0 | to the allied governments , which began to take them more seriously as the fate of [[ austro - hungarian empire ]] became more uncertain . while the committee ' s | basic | mother fuckerbasic | aim was the unification of the habsburg south slav lands with serbia ( which was independent at the time ) , its more immediate concern was to head off italian claims | ||
| 126485142 | 0 | to the allied governments , which began to take them more seriously as the fate of [[ austro - hungarian empire ]] became more uncertain . while the committee ' s | mother fuckerbasic | basic | aim was the unification of the habsburg south slav lands with serbia ( which was independent at the time ) , its more immediate concern was to head off italian claims | ||
| 129963257 | 0 | jpg | thumb | 300px | right | map showing [[ kingdom of yugoslavia # internal _ divisions | banovinas ]] in 1929 ]] = = = king alexander ' s | dictatorship | conquering | = = = following this , [[ alexander i of yugoslavia | king alexander i ]] banned national political parties in 1929 , assumed executive power and renamed the country yugoslavia | ||
| 131260685 | 1 | remnants of the former yugoslav federation . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = = = = southern slavic state = = = the first idea of a | state for all south | life go away you loser | slavs emerged in the late 17th century , a product of visionary thinking of croat writers and philosophers who believed that the only way for southern slavs to regain lost freedom | ||
| 131419480 | 9 | stationed in croatian cities . in march 1990 , during the demonstrations in [[ split ]] ( croatia ) , a young [[ yugoslavs | yugoslav ]] conscript was pushed off | the | a | tank after driving it through people . {{ fact | date = february 2007 }} also guns were fired from army bases through croatia . elsewhere , tensions were running high | ||
| 135161400 | 2 | independence ]] from yugoslavia . in slovenia , slovenian territorial defence ( ' ' teritorialna obramba ' ' , a paramilitary organization ) seized the yugoslav border posts with austria and | italy taking down | hungary mainly just changed uniforms since most of them were local slovenes . | the [[ flag of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | yugoslav ]] and raising the [[ flag of slovenia | slovenian flag ]] . the following day ( [[ june | ||
| 135165823 | 1 | , particularly in language . once , the [[ serbo - croatian language ]] was officially considered a unique language , with several literary and spoken variants and also was the | lingua - franca | imposed means of communication | used where other languages dominated ( [[ slovenia ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] and [[ kosovo ]] ) . now , separate standards exist for [[ bosnian | ||
| 135168847 | 2 | also . today remembrance of the time of the joint state and its perceived positive attributes is referred to as [[ yugonostalgy ]] ( jugonostalgija ) . in most of the | contemporary independent states yugonostalgic sentiments are considered improper | socialist system and the sense of social security it provided and inertness it allowed | . = = miscellaneous = = * [[ asteroid ]] [[ 1554 yugoslavia ]] was discovered by [[ milorad b . protić ]] and named after yugoslavia . = = see | ||
| 136967912 | 0 | state ) | carinthia ]] . this was the territory populated predominantly by [[ italians ]] . however , the nla withdrew from trieste in june of the same year . | westerner | western | attempts to reunite the partisans , who denied supremacy of the old government of the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , and the emigration loyal to the king , led to | ||
| 141665990 | 2 | now , separate sociolinguistic standards exist for [[ bosnian language ]] , [[ croatian language ]] and the [[ serbian language ]] . sfry officially had three official languages along with | minority | languages of the minorities which were official in places where the minority lived but in all federal organ only serbo - croatian was used and it was expected from others to | |||
| 3 | , separate sociolinguistic standards exist for [[ bosnian language ]] , [[ croatian language ]] and the [[ serbian language ]] . sfry officially had three official languages along with languages | of the | official where | minorities which were official in places where the minority lived but in all federal organ only serbo - croatian was used and it was expected from others to use it also | |||
| 142995905 | 0 | and croatia , attempted to carry out the task within next 48 hours . however , due to the misinformation given to the yugoslav army conscripts that the federation is under | attach | attack | by foreign forces , and the fact that the majority of them did not wish to engage in a war on the ground where they served their conscription , the slovene | ||
| 150932203 | 8 | [[ berlin congress ]] , hope for sovereignty of the south slavic peoples in the [[ habsburg empire ]] ( austria - hungary ) increased , and the idea of a | union between them gained momentum . the scholar [[ aurel popovici ]] proposed a reform called " [[ united states of greater austria ]] ' ' ( vereinigte staaten von groß - österreich ' ' ) " in 1906 . his proposal was | unified state did | not retained by the emperor but inspired largely the peace conferences at the end of world war i . during the early period of world war i ( which started in | ||
| 9 | a reform called " [[ united states of greater austria ]] ' ' ( vereinigte staaten von groß - österreich ' ' ) " in 1906 . his proposal was not | retained by | mature from | the emperor but inspired largely the peace conferences at the end of world war i . during the early period of world war i ( which started in 1914 ) , | |||
| 10 | " [[ united states of greater austria ]] ' ' ( vereinigte staaten von groß - österreich ' ' ) " in 1906 . his proposal was not retained by the | emperor but inspired largely the peace conferences at the end | conceptual to practical state | of world war i . during the early period of world war i ( which started in 1914 ) , a number of prominent political figures , including [[ ante trumbić | |||
| 24 | jugoslavenski odbor ' ' ) was officially formed on [[ april 30 ]] , [[ 1915 ]] in [[ london ]] , and began to raise funds , especially among south | slavs living in the americas . because of their stature , the members of the yugoslav committee were able to make their views known to the allied governments , which began to take them more seriously as the fate of [[ austro - hungarian empire ]] became more uncertain . while | slavic state and | the committee ' s basic aim was the unification of the habsburg south slav lands with serbia ( which was independent at the time ) , its more immediate concern was | |||
| 29 | became more uncertain . while the committee ' s basic aim was the unification of the habsburg south slav lands with serbia ( which was independent at the time ) , | its more immediate concern was | various south slavic territories were quickly amalgamated | to head off italian claims in [[ istria ]] and [[ dalmatia ]] . in 1915 , the allies had lured the italians into the war with a promise of substantial | |||
| 38 | with a promise of substantial territorial gains in exchange . according to the secret [[ london pact ]] , these included istria and large parts of dalmatia , which had substantial | numbers | amount | of italians living in the coastal cities surrounded by slavs . [[ image : landsforserbia . png | thumb | right | 300px | lands offered to serbia by the allies | |||
| 42 | dalmatia , which had substantial numbers of italians living in the coastal cities surrounded by slavs . [[ image : landsforserbia . png | thumb | right | 300px | lands | offered to serbia by the allies | previously | in 1915 ]] although in 1915 the serbian assembly had pledged itself to work for the liberation of all [[ serbs ]] , [[ croats ]] and [[ slovenes ]] , | |||
| 155255391 | 1 | of course , to suggest that there were no other , specifically yugoslav , structural flaws which helped to generate the collapse . for instance , many would argue that the | decentralised | decentralized | market socialism was a disastrous experiment for a state in yugoslavia ' s geopolitical situation . the 1974 constitution , though better for the kosovar albanians , had given increased power | ||
| 2 | [[ orf ( broadcaster ) | orf tv station ]] showed [[ ten - day war # holmec incident | footage ]] of three yugoslav army soldiers surrendering to the territorial | defence | defense | , before gunfire was heard and the troops were seen falling down . however , none were killed in the incident . there were however numerous cases of destruction of civilian | |||
| 157503671 | 2 | affiliation . the religious demographics of yugoslavia have changed dramatically since world war ii . a census taken in 1921 and later in 1948 show that 99 % of the population | was | appeared to be | deeply involved with their religion . with postwar government programs of modernization and urbanization , the percentage of religious believers took a dramatic plunge . < ref > [ http : | ||
| 165059312 | 0 | and [[ italy ]] . during this time the independent state of croatia created concentration camps for anti - fascists , communists , serbs , gypsies and jews , one of | the most famous | them | being jasenovac . a large number of men , women and children , mostly serbs , were executed in these camps . many croatians were recruited into the [ ss ] | ||
| 2 | muslims were also recruited by germany . the germans proposed that the bosnians hatred for christian [[ serbs ]] would make them into useful allies . however , they did little | more than slaughter innocent serbian civilians , and surrendered at first signs | advantage came | of the soviet and vmo liberation of yugoslavia < ref > the ss , hitler ' s instrument of terror . gordon williamson < / ref > . by the end | |||
| 3 | for christian [[ serbs ]] would make them into useful allies . however , they did little more than slaughter innocent serbian civilians , and surrendered at first signs of the | soviet and vmo liberation of yugoslavia < ref > | it . | the ss , hitler ' s instrument of terror . gordon williamson < / ref > . by the end of the april 1941 , [[ independent state of croatia ]] | |||
| 165062781 | 3 | [[ serbs | serbian origin ]] , but also 40 , 000 [[ roma ]] and 32 , 000 jews . however , subsequent research has determined those figures to be | pure conjecture | grossly over - inflated | and that the real numbers amounted to c . 45000 to 50000 in total - of all nationalities from former yugoslavia . , < ref > http : / / www | ||
| 166112678 | 0 | . jpg | thumb | 300px | right | map showing [[ kingdom of yugoslavia # internal divisions | banovinas ]] in 1929 ]] = = = king alexander ' s | conquering | conquest | = = = following this , [[ alexander i of yugoslavia | king alexander i ]] banned national political parties in 1929 , assumed executive power and renamed the country yugoslavia | ||
| 167812918 | 4 | to revolution and reform in eastern europe ' ' . stanford , ca : spice , 1991 . ed 351 248 * clark , ramsey : ' ' nato in the | balkans : voices | policy | of opposition ' ' . international action center , 1998 * cohen , lenard j . : ' ' broken bonds : the disintegration of yugoslavia ' ' . boulder , | ||
| 5 | in eastern europe ' ' . stanford , ca : spice , 1991 . ed 351 248 * clark , ramsey : ' ' nato in the balkans : voices of | opposition | ethnic - cleansing | ' ' . international action center , 1998 * cohen , lenard j . : ' ' broken bonds : the disintegration of yugoslavia ' ' . boulder , co : | |||
| 6 | ' . stanford , ca : spice , 1991 . ed 351 248 * clark , ramsey : ' ' nato in the balkans : voices of opposition ' ' . | international action center | college station : texas a & m university press | , 1998 * cohen , lenard j . : ' ' broken bonds : the disintegration of yugoslavia ' ' . boulder , co : westview press , 1993 * conversi | |||
| 168387192 | 0 | before 2010 . republic of macedonia applied in 2004 , and will probably join by 2010 – 2015 . the remaining three republics have yet to apply so their acceptance generally | isn ' t | is not | expected before 2015 . these states are signatiories of various partnership agreements with the european union . since [[ january 1 ]] [[ 2007 ]] they have been encircled by member | ||
| 1 | and will probably join by 2010 – 2015 . the remaining three republics have yet to apply so their acceptance generally isn ' t expected before 2015 . these states are | signatiories | signatories | of various partnership agreements with the european union . since [[ january 1 ]] [[ 2007 ]] they have been encircled by member - states of eu . ' ' see | |||
| 171173320 | 0 | eleven days of resistance against the invading german army ( ' ' [[ wehrmacht heer ]] ' ' ) . more than three hundred thousand yugoslav officers and soldiers were taken | prisoners | prisoner | . the axis powers occupied yugoslavia and split it up . the [[ independent state of croatia ]] was established as a [[ nazi ]] [[ puppet state ]] , ruled | ||
| 175632529 | 0 | camps . members of various yugoslav nationalities were recruited into the [[ ss ]] . bosnian muslims were also recruited by germany . the germans proposed that the bosnians dislike of | christian | christians | would make them into useful allies . however , little advantage came of the it . < ref > the ss , hitler ' s instrument of terror . gordon williamson | ||
| 177755721 | 11 | ' black lamb and gray falcon : a journey through yugoslavia ' ' . viking , 1941 * white t . another fool in the balkans - in the footsteps of | rebecca | rebbecca | west . cadogan guides , london , 2006 * [[ misha glenny ]] : ' ' the fall of yugoslavia : the third balkan war ' ' , isbn 0 - | ||
| 184623496 | 0 | january ]] [[ 1929 ]] by [[ alexander i of yugoslavia ]] . it was invaded on [[ 6 april ]] [[ 1941 ]] by the [[ axis powers ]] and | it ' s | its | army capitulated eleven days later . the legal royal government in exile was recognized and supported by allied forces . in 1943 , the communist led resistance movement proclaimed a new | ||
| 185138974 | 0 | . one of the most ancient and connected yugoslavian families are the pursics . this rare family is known for the geometrical shaped heads of its offspring and are considered very | rare for | valuable to galactic | bounty hunters . = = miscellaneous = = * [[ asteroid ]] [[ 1554 yugoslavia ]] was discovered by [[ milorad b . protić ]] and named after yugoslavia . = | ||
| 192041491 | 2 | ]] emerged in the late 17th century and gained prominence in the 19th century [[ illyrian movement ]] but ideas for a unified state did not mature from the conceptual to | practical state of planning | culmination | . during the early period of [[ world war i ]] , a number of prominent political figures from south slavic lands under the [[ house of habsburg | habsburg ]] | ||
| 192073726 | 9 | was invaded on [[ 6 april ]] [[ 1941 ]] by the [[ axis powers ]] and its army capitulated eleven days later . the legal royal government in exile was | recognized | recognised | and supported by allied forces . in 1943 , the communist led resistance movement proclaimed a new country called democratic federal yugoslavia . the kingdom was officially abolished in 1945 . | ||
| 192075557 | 11 | was invaded on [[ 6 april ]] [[ 1941 ]] by the [[ axis powers ]] and its army capitulated eleven days later . the legal royal government in exile was | recognised | recognized | and supported by [[ allies of world war ii | allied forces ]] . in 1943 , the communist - led resistance movement proclaimed a new country called democratic federal yugoslavia | ||
| 192099051 | 0 | ]] , state union of serbia and montenegro announced * [[ june 5 ]] , [[ 2006 ]] , after referendum in montenegro , serbia and montenegro declared their independences * | december | [[ february 17 ]] | , 2006 - present day , diplomatic talks on future status of kosovo began in [[ vienna ]] . = = federal republic of yugoslavia = = [[ image : yugoslaviamap | ||
| 192115648 | 2 | kosovo ( mainly serbs ) was falling fast due to several reasons , among them being the ever increasing ethnic tensions and subsequent emigration from the area , and by 1999 | they | the slavs | formed as little as 10 % of the total population . meanwhile [[ slovenia ]] , under the presidency of [[ milan kučan ]] , and [[ croatia ]] supported albanian | ||
| 194708763 | 0 | who lived in bosnia and croatia , as well as [[ jew ]] ish and [[ roma people | roma ]] minorities , high also among all other non - [[ | collaboration | collaborationism | | collaborating ]] population . during the war , the [[ communism | communist ]] - led [[ partisans ( yugoslavia ) | partisans ]] were ' ' de facto ' | ||
| 196848855 | 8 | . with the defeat of the world war i [[ central powers ]] and the collapse of the austria - hungary in late 1918 , various south slavic territories were quickly | amalgamated | botched together | to form the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes which was proclaimed on [[ 1 december ]] 1918 in [[ belgrade ]] . the new kingdom was made up of | ||
| 196860958 | 0 | was the unification of the south slav lands with the [[ kingdom of serbia ]] ( which was independent although occupied at the time ) . with the defeat of the | monkeys | [[ central powers ]] | in world war i [[ central powers ]] and the collapse of the local mcdonald ' s in late 1990 , various south slavic territories were quickly botched together to form | ||
| 197468224 | 0 | police by the slovenian police provoked regional arm conflicts which finished with minimal number of victims . a similar attempt in bosnia and herzegovina lead to a war that lasted more | then | than | 3 years ( see below ) . the results of all these conflicts are almost complete ethnic cleansing of the serbs from all three regions , massive displacement of the populations | ||
| 197796559 | 2 | ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ serbia ]] and [[ slovenia ]] . [[ kosovo ]] is also partially recognized as a | new country . the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' ( [[ 1 december ]] , [[ 1918 ]] & ndash ; [[ november 29 ]] , [[ 1943 ]] / [[ 1945 ]] ) , also known as the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia | first yugoslavia ]] , was a [[ monarchy ]] formed as the " kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes " after [[ world war i ]] and re - named on [[ 6 january ]] [[ 1929 ]] by [[ alexander i of yugoslavia ]] . it was invaded on [[ 6 april ]] [[ 1941 ]] by the [[ axis powers ]] and its army capitulated eleven days later . the legal royal government in exile was recognized and supported by allied forces . in 1943 , the communist led resistance movement proclaimed a new country called democratic federal yugoslavia . the kingdom was officially abolished in 1945 . | nice butt | in [[ 1956 ]] , the country was renamed to federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia . the parliamentary democracy was suspended and a communist state was established . in | ||
| 197800247 | 2 | {st@rt} i wanna bone yugoslavia cuz it has a | nice butt | new country . the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' ( [[ 1 december ]] , [[ 1918 ]] & ndash ; [[ november 29 ]] , [[ 1943 ]] / [[ 1945 ]] ) , also known as the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia | first yugoslavia ]] , was a [[ monarchy ]] formed as the " kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes " after [[ world war i ]] and re - named on [[ 6 january ]] [[ 1929 ]] by [[ alexander i of yugoslavia ]] . it was invaded on [[ 6 april ]] [[ 1941 ]] by the [[ axis powers ]] and its army capitulated eleven days later . the legal royal government in exile was recognized and supported by allied forces . in 1943 , the communist led resistance movement proclaimed a new country called democratic federal yugoslavia . the kingdom was officially abolished in 1945 . | in [[ 1956 ]] , the country was renamed to federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia . the parliamentary democracy was suspended and a communist state was established . in | ||
| 199793482 | 0 | image : flag of montenegro . svg | montenegro image : flag of serbia . svg | serbia image : flag of slovenia . svg | slovenia select , biased or | bully | bullying by | european countries like germany , france , britain or the u . s . do not speak for the entire planet about kosovo . no map of kosovo is legal thus | ||
| 199795480 | 4 | : flag of serbia . svg | serbia image : flag of slovenia . svg | slovenia no kosovo until full recgnition of the world and respect of international law . | i ' m sorry , but i can make a " | svg | kosovo ( | pending full recognition " claim of quebec canada . not legal until full recognition . < / gallery > = = = remaining cultural and ethnic ties = = = the | ||
| 200573250 | 4 | croatia ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ serbia ]] , and [[ slovenia ]] . [[ kosovo ]] is also partially recognized | as | state after it also declared its independence but was not | a new country . the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' ( [[ 1 december ]] , [[ 1918 ]] & ndash ; [[ november 29 | ||
| 5 | , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ serbia ]] , and [[ slovenia ]] . [[ kosovo ]] is also partially recognized as a | new country | socialist republic of the former yugoslavia it had the status of a socialist autonomous province within serbia along with [[ vojvodina ]] | . the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' ( [[ 1 december ]] , [[ 1918 ]] & ndash ; [[ november 29 ]] , [[ | |||
| 200599214 | 6 | | macedonia ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ serbia ]] , and [[ slovenia ]] . [[ kosovo ]] formerly an autonomous province of serbia is a partially recognized state | after it also | which | declared its independence in 2008 but was not a socialist republic of the former yugoslavia , it had the status of a socialist autonomous province within serbia along with [[ vojvodina | ||
| 7 | [[ serbia ]] , and [[ slovenia ]] . [[ kosovo ]] formerly an autonomous province of serbia is a partially recognized state after it also declared its independence in 2008 | but | . it | was not a socialist republic of the former yugoslavia , it had the status of a socialist autonomous province within serbia along with [[ vojvodina ]] . the ' ' ' | |||
| 201109080 | 4 | monarchy ]] formed as the " country of slovenes , croats and serbs " re - named " kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes " after [[ world war i | ]] and | slovenaca ; slovene : kraljevina srbov , hrvatov in slovencev ) . the country was | re - named once again on [[ 6 january ]] [[ 1929 ]] by [[ alexander i of yugoslavia ]] . it was invaded on [[ 6 april ]] [[ 1941 | ||
| 204772008 | 0 | - slavia , 1919 . png | thumb | 230px | right | map of yugoslavia in [[ 1919 ]] showing the provisional borders in the [[ aftermath of world war | ii | i | ]] before the treaties of [[ treaty of neuilly - sur - seine | neuilly ]] , [[ treaty of trianon | trianon ]] and [[ treaty of rapallo | rapallo | ||
| 206782702 | 3 | [[ ustaše ]] , a croatian separatist organization . alexsandar was succeeded by his eleven year old son [[ peter ii of yugoslavia | peter ii ]] and a regency council | headed by | and married | his cousin [[ prince paul of yugoslavia | prince paul ]] . = = = the 1930s in yugoslavia = = = the international political scene in the late 1930s was | ||
| 206784715 | 0 | genuine yugoslavia . he decided to abolish yugoslavia ' s historic regions , and new internal boundaries were drawn for provinces or banovinas . the banovinas were named after rivers . | many | few | politicians were jailed or kept under tight police surveillance . the effect of alexander ' s dictatorship was to further alienate the non - serbs from the idea of unity . | ||
| 1 | he decided to abolish yugoslavia ' s historic regions , and new internal boundaries were drawn for provinces or banovinas . the banovinas were named after rivers . many politicians were | jailed | man handled | or kept under tight police surveillance . the effect of alexander ' s dictatorship was to further alienate the non - serbs from the idea of unity . the king was | |||
| 2 | ' s historic regions , and new internal boundaries were drawn for provinces or banovinas . the banovinas were named after rivers . many politicians were jailed or kept under tight | police surveillance | cages | . the effect of alexander ' s dictatorship was to further alienate the non - serbs from the idea of unity . the king was assassinated in [[ marseille ]] during | |||
| 3 | were drawn for provinces or banovinas . the banovinas were named after rivers . many politicians were jailed or kept under tight police surveillance . the effect of alexander ' s | dictatorship | fatness | was to further alienate the non - serbs from the idea of unity . the king was assassinated in [[ marseille ]] during an official visit to france in 1292 b | |||
| 4 | or banovinas . the banovinas were named after rivers . many politicians were jailed or kept under tight police surveillance . the effect of alexander ' s dictatorship was to further | alienate | kill | the non - serbs from the idea of unity . the king was assassinated in [[ marseille ]] during an official visit to france in 1292 b . c . by | |||
| 5 | . the banovinas were named after rivers . many politicians were jailed or kept under tight police surveillance . the effect of alexander ' s dictatorship was to further alienate the | non - serbs | illegal aliens | from the idea of unity . the king was assassinated in [[ marseille ]] during an official visit to france in 1292 b . c . by an experienced [[ vlado | |||
| 206785833 | 3 | these three regimes favoured the policy pursued by aleksandar i . in fact , [[ italy ]] and [[ germany ]] wanted to revise the international treaties signed after world war | i | iii | , and the soviets were determined to regain their positions in europe and pursue a more active international policy . alexander attempted to create a genuine yugoslavia . he decided to | ||
| 4 | genuine yugoslavia . he decided to abolish yugoslavia ' s historic regions , and new internal boundaries were drawn for provinces or banovinas . the banovinas were named after rivers . | few | many | politicians were man handled or kept under tight cages . the effect of alexander ' s fatness was to further kill the illegal aliens from the idea of unity . the | |||
| 206801668 | 6 | these three regimes favoured the policy pursued by alexsandar i . in fact , [[ italy ]] and [[ america ]] wanted to revise the international treaties signed after world war | iii | i | , and the soviets were determined to regain their positions in europe and pursue a more active international policy . alexander attempted to create a genuine yugoslavia . he decided to | ||
| 7 | genuine yugoslavia . he decided to abolish yugoslavia ' s historic regions , and new internal boundaries were drawn for provinces or banovinas . the banovinas were named after rivers . | many | many | politicians were man handled or kept under tight cages . the effect of alexander ' s fatness was to further kill the illegal aliens from the idea of unity . the | |||
| 8 | he decided to abolish yugoslavia ' s historic regions , and new internal boundaries were drawn for provinces or banovinas . the banovinas were named after rivers . many politicians were | man handled | jailed | or kept under tight cages . the effect of alexander ' s fatness was to further kill the illegal aliens from the idea of unity . the king was assassinated in | |||
| 9 | s historic regions , and new internal boundaries were drawn for provinces or banovinas . the banovinas were named after rivers . many politicians were man handled or kept under tight | cages | police surveillance | . the effect of alexander ' s fatness was to further kill the illegal aliens from the idea of unity . the king was assassinated in [[ greenland ]] during an | |||
| 10 | were drawn for provinces or banovinas . the banovinas were named after rivers . many politicians were man handled or kept under tight cages . the effect of alexander ' s | fatness | dictatorship | was to further kill the illegal aliens from the idea of unity . the king was assassinated in [[ greenland ]] during an official visit to his mom ' s in | |||
| 11 | or banovinas . the banovinas were named after rivers . many politicians were man handled or kept under tight cages . the effect of alexander ' s fatness was to further | kill | alienate | the illegal aliens from the idea of unity . the king was assassinated in [[ greenland ]] during an official visit to his mom ' s in 1292 b . c | |||
| 12 | . the banovinas were named after rivers . many politicians were man handled or kept under tight cages . the effect of alexander ' s fatness was to further kill the | illegal aliens | non - serbs | from the idea of unity . the king was assassinated in [[ greenland ]] during an official visit to his mom ' s in 1292 b . c . by an | |||
| 21 | canada ]] , a nudist and anarchist organization . alexandar was succeeded by his eleven year old son [[ peter xxxxiv of yugoslavia | peter xxxxiv ] and a regency council | and married | headed by | his cousin [[ prince paul of yugoslavia | prince paul ]] . = = = the 1930s in yugoslavia = = = the international political scene in the late 1930s was | |||
| 206809460 | 19 | abolished the name " yugoslavia . " on [[ june 3 ]] and [[ june 5 ]] [[ 2006 ]] , [[ montenegro ]] and [[ serbia ]] respectively declared their | independence | independences | , thereby ending the last remnants of the loose agreement . on february 18 , 2008 , [[ republic of kosovo | kosovo ]] unilaterally declared independence from serbia , an | ||
| 210757366 | 0 | was constructed against a double background : an inter - war yugoslavia which had been dominated by the [[ serbs | serbian ]] ruling class ; and a war - time | slaughter in | division of the country , as [[ fascist italy ]] and [[ nazi germany ]] split the country apart and endorsed an extreme croatian nationalist faction called the [[ ustashe ]] | which the [[ nazis ]] made use of the earlier serbian oppression to use [[ croatia ]] n [[ fascism ]] for barbarous acts against the serbs and also exploited anti | ||
| 13 | the joint concern of the [[ soviet union | ussr ]] and the [[ united states | usa ]] to maintain the integrity of yugoslavia as a neutral state on the | frontiers of the super - power confrontation in europe | right to separate from yugoslavia | . the economic crisis was the product of disastrous errors by yugoslav governments in the 1970s , borrowing vast amounts of western capital in order to fund growth through exports . | |||
| 14 | ]] and the [[ united states | usa ]] to maintain the integrity of yugoslavia as a neutral state on the frontiers of the super - power confrontation in europe . | the | an | economic crisis was the product of disastrous errors by yugoslav governments in the 1970s , borrowing vast amounts of western capital in order to fund growth through exports . western economies | |||
| 211195407 | 0 | nazism | nazis ]] rose to power , and the [[ soviet union ]] , where [[ joseph stalin | stalin ]] became absolute ruler . none of these three regimes | favoured | favored | the policy pursued by aleksandar i . in fact , [[ italy ]] and [[ germany ]] wanted to revise the international treaties signed after world war i , and the | ||
| 216746556 | 1 | he hoped to curb separatist tendencies and mitigate nationalist passions . however , alexander ' s policies soon ran into the obstacle of opposition from other [[ europe ]] an powers | due to | stemming from | developments in [[ italy ]] and [[ germany ]] , where [[ fascism | fascists ]] and [[ nazism | nazis ]] rose to power , and the [[ soviet union | ||
| 2 | . the chetniks initially made notable incursions and were supported by the exiled royal government as well as the [[ allies ]] , but were soon restrained from taking wider actions | due to | because of | german reprisals against the serb civilian population . for every killed soldier , the germans executed 100 civilians , and for each wounded , they killed 50 . regarding the human | |||
| 216787249 | 0 | ) . with the defeat of the [[ central powers ]] in world war i and the collapse of the austro - hungarian empire , various south slavic territories were quickly | botched | grouped | together to form the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes which was proclaimed on [[ 1 december ]] [[ 1918 ]] in [[ belgrade ]] . the new kingdom was | ||
| 228051710 | 0 | kosovo war ]] for more information . since june 1999 , the province has been governed by peace - keeping forces from nato and [[ russia ]] , although all parties | continue | continued | to recognize it as a part of serbia . milošević ' s rejection of claims of a first - round opposition victory in new elections for the federal presidency in september | ||
| 231804261 | 1 | june 1961 . ]] during the war , the [[ communism | communist ]] - led [[ partisans ( yugoslavia ) | partisans ]] were ' ' de facto ' ' | rulers on | in control of | the liberated territories , and the nov organized [[ people ' s committee ]] s to act as civilian government . in autumn of 1941 , the partisans established the [[ | ||
| 231804913 | 7 | emigration loyal to the king , led to the [[ tito - šubašić agreement ]] in june 1944 , however tito was seen as a national hero by the citizens , | so he gained | and was elected by referendum to lead | the power in post - war independent [[ communism | communist ]] state , starting as a [[ prime minister ]] . = = the second yugoslavia = = {{ main | ||
| 231807278 | 13 | as well as the [[ allies ]] , but were soon restrained from taking wider actions because of german reprisals against the serb civilian population . for every killed soldier , | the germans executed 100 civilians | completely dependent on axis supplies . < ref > 7david martin | , and for each wounded , they killed 50 . regarding the human cost as too high , the chetniks terminated war activities against the germans , and the allies eventually | ||
| 14 | ]] , but were soon restrained from taking wider actions because of german reprisals against the serb civilian population . for every killed soldier , the germans executed 100 civilians , | and for each wounded , they killed 50 | ally betrayed : the uncensored story of tito and mihailovich , ( new york : prentice hall , 1946 ) , 34 | . regarding the human cost as too high , the chetniks terminated war activities against the germans , and the allies eventually switched to support the nov . however , nov | |||
| 17 | the human cost as too high , the chetniks terminated war activities against the germans , and the allies eventually switched to support the nov . however , nov carried on | its | their | guerrilla warfare . the [[ demography | demographic ]] loss is estimated at 1 , 027 , 000 individuals by [[ vladimir zerjavic ]] and [[ bogoljub kočović ]] , an | |||
| 21 | , the chetniks terminated war activities against the germans , and the allies eventually switched to support the nov . however , nov carried on its guerrilla warfare . the [[ | demography | battle of neretva | | demographic ]] loss is estimated at 1 , 027 , 000 individuals by [[ vladimir zerjavic ]] and [[ bogoljub kočović ]] , an estimate accepted by the [[ united | |||
| 23 | war activities against the germans , and the allies eventually switched to support the nov . however , nov carried on its guerrilla warfare . the [[ demography | demographic ]] | loss is estimated at 1 , 027 , 000 individuals by [[ vladimir zerjavic ]] and [[ bogoljub kočović ]] , an estimate accepted by the | and | [[ united nations ]] , while the official yugoslav authorities claimed 1 , 700 , 000 casualties . very high losses were among [[ serbs ]] who lived in bosnia and | |||
| 26 | [[ november 29 ]] , [[ 1943 ]] , in [[ jajce ]] , also in [[ bosnia and herzegovina | bosnia ]] and established the basis for post - war | organisation | organization | of the country , establishing a federation ( this date was celebrated as republic day after the war ) . = = = the liberation of yugoslavia = = = the | |||
| 234143702 | 0 | held parliamentary elections which confirmed ( former ) communists rule in this republic . the unresolved issues however remained . in particular , slovenia and croatia elected governments oriented towards greater | authonomy | autonomy | of the republics ( under [[ milan kučan ]] and [[ franjo tuđman ]] , respectively ) , since it became clear that serbian domination attempts and increasingly different levels of | ||
| 234144443 | 1 | in slovenia and croatia , attempted to carry out the task within next 48 hours . however , because of the misinformation given to the yugoslav army conscripts that the federation | is | was | under attack by foreign forces , and the fact that the majority of them did not wish to engage in a war on the ground where they served their conscription , | ||
| 241638823 | 2 | , the yugoslav resistance forces consisted of two factions : the communist - led [[ yugoslav partisans ]] , and the royalist [[ chetniks ]] . with the former receiving allied | recognition only at the tehran conference ( 1943 ) , after the degree of chetnik - axis collaboration increased greatly | aid and support | . the heavily pro - serbian chetniks were lead by [[ draža mihajlović ]] , while the pan - yugoslav oriented partisans were led by [[ josip broz tito ]] , | ||
| 5 | the largest resistance army in occupied western and central europe . the chetniks were initially supported by the exiled royal government as well as the [[ allies ]] , but soon | focused increasingly on combating | drawn into combat with | the partisans , while cooperating with the occupation forces to an ever greater extent . by the end of the war , the chetnik movement transformed into a collaborationist serb nationalist | |||
| 9 | , the chetnik movement transformed into a collaborationist serb nationalist militia , completely dependent on axis supplies . < ref > 7david martin , ally betrayed : the uncensored story of | tito and mihailovich , ( new york : prentice hall , 1946 ) , 34 . < / ref > the highly mobile partisans , however , carried on their guerrilla warfare with great success . most notable of the victories against the occupying | american | forces we the battles of [[ battle of neretva | neretva ]] and [[ battle of sutjeska | sutjeska ]] . {{ reflist }} * {{ loc }} – [ http : / / lcweb2 . loc . gov / frd / cs / yutoc . html yugoslavia ] | hi ! | = = further reading = = * hall , brian : the impossible country : a journey through the last days of yugoslavia . penguin books . new york , 1994 | |
| 210214598 | 0 | > tags --> {{ reflist }} * {{ loc }} – [ http : / / lcweb2 . loc . gov / frd / cs / yutoc . html yugoslavia ] | hi ! | = = further reading = = * hall , brian : the impossible country : a journey through the last days of yugoslavia . penguin books . new york , 1994 | |||
| 246000078 | 0 | > tags --> {{ reflist }} * {{ loc }} – [ http : / / lcweb2 . loc . gov / frd / cs / yutoc . html yugoslavia ] | aknowledge the lie : www . youtube . com / watch ? v = zp6c18jb - dg | = = further reading = = * allcock , john b . : explaining yugoslavia . new york : columbia university press , 2000 * anne marie du preez bezdrob : | |||
| 246000728 | 0 | . loc . gov / frd / cs / yutoc . html yugoslavia ] aknowledge the lie : www . youtube . com / watch ? v = zp6c18jb - dg | watch this - stop world criminalisation of serbs < embed id = " videoplayback " src = " http : / / video . google . com / googleplayer . swf ? docid = 5860186121153047571 & hl = nl & fs = true " style = " width : 400px ; height : 326px " allowfullscreen = " true " allowscriptaccess = " always " type = " application / x - shockwave - flash " > < / embed > < embed id = " videoplayback " src = " http : / / video . google . com / googleplayer . swf ? docid = 6371060303901674397 & hl = nl & fs = true " style = " width : 400px ; height : 326px " allowfullscreen = " true " allowscriptaccess = " always " type = " application / x - shockwave - flash " > < / embed > | = = further reading = = * allcock , john b . : explaining yugoslavia . new york : columbia university press , 2000 * anne marie du preez bezdrob : | |||
| 246000865 | 0 | > tags --> {{ reflist }} * {{ loc }} – [ http : / / lcweb2 . loc . gov / frd / cs / yutoc . html yugoslavia ] | aknowledge the lie : www . youtube . com / watch ? v = zp6c18jb - dg watch this - stop world criminalisation of serbs < embed id = " videoplayback " src = " http : / / video . google . com / googleplayer . swf ? docid = 5860186121153047571 & hl = nl & fs = true " style = " width : 400px ; height : 326px " allowfullscreen = " true " allowscriptaccess = " always " type = " application / x - shockwave - flash " > < / embed > < embed id = " videoplayback " src = " http : / / video . google . com / googleplayer . swf ? docid = 6371060303901674397 & hl = nl & fs = true " style = " width : 400px ; height : 326px " allowfullscreen = " true " allowscriptaccess = " always " type = " application / x - shockwave - flash " > < / embed > | = = further reading = = * allcock , john b . : explaining yugoslavia . new york : columbia university press , 2000 * anne marie du preez bezdrob : | |||
| 293805803 | 0 | > tags --> {{ reflist }} * {{ loc }} – [ http : / / lcweb2 . loc . gov / frd / cs / yutoc . html yugoslavia ] | hi youve been tricked this is a scam | = = further reading = = * allcock , john b . : explaining yugoslavia . new york : columbia university press , 2000 * anne marie du preez bezdrob : | |||
| 293805845 | 0 | > tags --> {{ reflist }} * {{ loc }} – [ http : / / lcweb2 . loc . gov / frd / cs / yutoc . html yugoslavia ] | hi youve been tricked this is a scam | = = further reading = = * allcock , john b . : explaining yugoslavia . new york : columbia university press , 2000 * anne marie du preez bezdrob : | |||
| 341171900 | 0 | > tags --> {{ reflist }} * {{ loc }} – [ http : / / lcweb2 . loc . gov / frd / cs / yutoc . html yugoslavia ] | ansd dfkjde | = = further reading = = * allcock , john b . : explaining yugoslavia . new york : columbia university press , 2000 * anne marie du preez bezdrob : | |||
| 341172076 | 0 | > tags --> {{ reflist }} * {{ loc }} – [ http : / / lcweb2 . loc . gov / frd / cs / yutoc . html yugoslavia ] | ansd dfkjde | = = further reading = = * allcock , john b . : explaining yugoslavia . new york : columbia university press , 2000 * anne marie du preez bezdrob : |
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| 802239 | 1 | . in [[ 2002 ]] , serbia and montenegro came to a new agreement regarding continued cooperation , which , among other changes , promised the end of yugoslavia . on | 4th | february , 2003 the federal parliament of yugoslavia dissolved the country and agreed to create a loose commonwealth of the remaining two states within a union . the new union of | |||
| 904667 | 10 | [[ 2002 ]] , serbia and montenegro came to a new agreement regarding continued co - operation , which , among other changes , promised the end of yugoslavia . on | [[ | february 4 , 2003 the federal parliament of yugoslavia dissolved the country and agreed to create a loose [[ commonwealth ]] of the remaining two states within a union . the | |||
| 904670 | 0 | [[ 2002 ]] , serbia and montenegro came to a new agreement regarding continued co - operation , which , among other changes , promised the end of yugoslavia . on | [[ | february 4 ]] , [[ 2003 ]] the federal parliament of yugoslavia dissolved the country and agreed to create a loose [[ commonwealth ]] of the remaining two states within a | |||
| 926333 | 0 | ]] , ( [[ petar ii karadjordjevic | petar ii karad & # 382 ; ord & # 382 ; evi & # 263 ; ]] was the last king ) | established | on established [[ november 29 ]] [[ 1943 ]] in [[ jajce ]] under [[ president ]] [[ josip broz tito ]] , but unlike other eastern and central european communist | |||
| 1 | , ( [[ petar ii karadjordjevic | petar ii karad & # 382 ; ord & # 382 ; evi & # 263 ; ]] was the last king ) on | established | [[ november 29 ]] [[ 1943 ]] in [[ jajce ]] under [[ president ]] [[ josip broz tito ]] , but unlike other eastern and central european communist countries , | ||||
| 8640530 | 1 | ' s people organized the abolition of the autonomous provinces of [[ vojvodina ]] and kosovo , though peculiarly enough both entities retained a vote in the yugoslav presidency council . | [[ image : smilo . jpg | frame | left | milo & # 353 ; evi & # 263 ; promoted serb nationalism , which led to the breakup of the federation . ]] | in january [[ 1990 ]] , the extraordinary 14th congress of the [[ league of communists of yugoslavia ]] was convened . the delegation of serbia led by milo & # | |||
| 8778698 | 6 | to play on the revived serb nationalism , but ended up alienating all the other ethnic groups in the federation . milo & # 353 ; evi & # 263 ; | ' s people organized the abolition of the autonomous provinces of [[ vojvodina ]] and kosovo , though peculiarly enough both entities retained a vote in the yugoslav presidency council . [[ image : smilo . jpg | frame | left | milo & # 353 ; evi & # 263 ; promoted serb nationalism , which led to the breakup of the federation . | ]] in january [[ 1990 ]] , the extraordinary 14th congress of the [[ league of communists of yugoslavia ]] was convened . the delegation of serbia led by milo & | |||
| 10662657 | 5 | [[ petar ii karadjordjevic | peter ]] as the new king . apparently this defiance infuriated [[ adolf hitler | hitler ]] , so the axis decided to attack both yugoslavia | and greece | on [[ april 6 ]] . ( as a result , hitler had to delay the launch of [[ operation barbarossa ]] by four weeks , which proved to be a | |||
| 12429233 | 0 | december 1 ]] , [[ 1918 ]] , joined [[ serbia ]] and [[ montenegro ]] to form " the [[ kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ]] " . | this superstate was designed by the allies as a way to counter axis revisionism . however , it created new divisions . [[ bulgarian ]] - populated [[ vardar macedonia ]] and the [[ western bulgarian fringe ]] were ceded to the belgrade authorities without consulting the local population . as a consequence , the ethnic bulgarians were subjected to [[ ethnic cleansing ]] . | on [[ june 28 ]] [[ 1921 ]] , & mdash ; a day of historical importance to serbs ( see [[ vidovdan ]] ) & mdash ; parliament ( ' | |||
| 12432682 | 2 | december 1 ]] , [[ 1918 ]] , joined [[ serbia ]] and [[ montenegro ]] to form " the [[ kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ]] " . | this superstate was designed by the allies as a way to counter axis revisionism . however , it created new divisions . [[ bulgarian ]] - populated [[ vardar macedonia ]] and the [[ western bulgarian fringe ]] were ceded to the belgrade authorities without consulting the local population . as a consequence , the ethnic bulgarians were subjected to [[ ethnic cleansing ]] . | on [[ june 28 ]] [[ 1921 ]] , & mdash ; a day of historical importance to serbs ( see [[ vidovdan ]] ) & mdash ; parliament ( ' | |||
| 22506688 | 5 | of yugoslavia = = [[ image : yugoslaviamap . png | frame | the federal republic of yugoslavia consisted of serbia and montenegro . ]] the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | officially ceased to exist on [[ april 28 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , when the [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( fry ) was formed . other dates that are frequently considered as the end of sfry are | * | [[ june 25 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , when croatia and slovenia declared independence , [[ october 9 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , when the [[ moratorium ]] on | ||
| 6 | ) was formed . other dates that are frequently considered as the end of sfry are [[ june 25 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , when croatia and slovenia declared independence | , | july 9 ]] th | [[ october 9 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , when the [[ moratorium ]] on slovenian and croatian secession , agreed on [[ july 9 ]] at brioni ( see detailed | |||
| 8 | slovenian and croatian secession , agreed on [[ july 9 ]] at brioni ( see detailed entry at [[ brioni agreement ]] ) by representatives of all republics , was ended | and | * april 28 , 1992 , the formation of fry ( see below ) | [[ january 15 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , when slovenia and croatia were internationally recognized . the war in the western parts of former yugoslavia ended in [[ 1995 ]] | |||
| 25683386 | 2 | 2001 ]] , the name yugoslavia was to be officially abolished when the state would transform into a loose commonwealth called [[ serbia and montenegro ]] which finally happened on [[ | 6th | february ]] [[ 2003 ]] . = = origins = = probably the first " official " mention of the term yugoslav ( as opposed to simply [[ slavic peoples | | |||
| 27670102 | 4 | yugoslav people ' s army ]] maintained an impression of being neutral , but as time went on , it was becoming more and more involved in state politics . in | late | on | june , 1991 , slovenia and croatia became the first republics to declare independence from yugoslavia , but the international community pressured them to place a three - month [[ moratorium | ||
| 29218853 | 0 | ]] were ' ' de facto ' ' rulers on the liberated territories , and the nla organized [[ people ' s committee ]] s to act as civilian government . | in autumn of 1941 , the partisans established the [[ republic of užice ]] in the liberated territory of western [[ serbia ]] . in november 1941 , the [[ germany | german ]] troops occupied this territory again , while the majority of partisan forces escaped towards [[ bosnia ]] . | on [[ november 25 ]] , [[ 1942 ]] , the [[ avnoj | anti - fascist council of national liberation of yugoslavia ]] was convened in [[ bihać ]] . | |||
| 31961080 | 59 | s authority . the opposition ' s candidate , reformed [[ nationalist ]] [[ vojislav koštunica ]] took office as yugoslav president on [[ october 6 ]] . on [[ saturday | ]] | , [[ march 31 ]] , [[ 2001 ]] , milošević surrendered to yugoslav security forces from his home in belgrade , following a recent warrant for his arrest on charges | |||
| 33684647 | 1 | 1929 and existed under that name until it was invaded in [[ april 6 ]] , 1941 by the [[ axis powers ]] . capitulated only 11 days after , stopped | exist | existing | [[ april 17 ]] , 1941 . * the second was a [[ socialist state ]] established immediately after [[ world war ii ]] in [[ november 29 ]] , 1945 | ||
| 33684753 | 0 | 1929 and existed under that name until it was invaded in [[ april 6 ]] , 1941 by the [[ axis powers ]] . capitulated only 11 days after , it | stopped existing | ceased to exist | [[ april 17 ]] , 1941 . * the second was a [[ socialist state ]] established immediately after [[ world war ii ]] in [[ november 29 ]] , 1945 | ||
| 33738425 | 0 | december 1 ]] , [[ 1918 ]] , joined [[ serbia ]] and [[ montenegro ]] to form " the [[ kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ]] " . | in the chaotic conditions that followed the break - up of austria - hungary , the formation of the new state as soon as possible was a priority . disagreements over whether the new state should be a federation or a centralised state were put off for later . | on [[ june 28 ]] [[ 1921 ]] , & mdash ; a day of historical importance to serbs ( see [[ vidovdan ]] ) & mdash ; parliament ( ' | |||
| 34241700 | 2 | peacekeeping ]] operations in yugoslavia . [ http : / / www . nato . int / ifor / un / u911127a . htm ] bosnia and herzegovina held a referendum | on independence | which resulted in an overwhelming vote in favour of staying in a common state with [[ serbia ]] and [[ montenegro ]] . | on [[ 1 march ]] [[ 1992 ]] . large areas of the republic was at this time under the control of the newly created serb entity [[ republika srpska | | ||
| 36661482 | 1 | when croatia and slovenia declared independence * [[ october 9 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , when the [[ july 9 ]] th moratorium on slovenian and croatian secession was ended | and croatia restated its independence in croatian parliament ( that day is celebrated as independence day in croatia ) | * [[ january 15 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , when slovenia and croatia were internationally recognized * april 28 , 1992 , the formation of fry ( see below ) | |||
| 42217788 | 19 | in [[ april 7 ]] [[ 1963 ]] the ' ' ' [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( sfry ) ' ' ' . this remained in place until | 1992 , | [[ january 15 ]] , by which time four of its six constituent republics - [[ slovenia ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] and | |||
| 43290325 | 1 | | thumb | 200px | [[ josip broz tito | marshal tito ]] led yugoslavia from the end of [[ world war ii ]] until his death in 1980 . ]] | --> | on [[ january 31 ]] , [[ 1946 ]] the new [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution ]] of [[ federal people ' s republic of | |||
| 43292447 | 1 | | thumb | 200px | [[ josip broz tito | marshal tito ]] led yugoslavia from the end of [[ world war ii ]] until his death in 1980 . ]] | --> | on [[ january 31 ]] , [[ 1946 ]] the new [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution ]] of [[ federal people ' s republic of | |||
| 46021189 | 0 | croatian parliament ( that day is celebrated as independence day in croatia ) * [[ january 15 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , when slovenia and croatia were internationally recognized * | [[ | april 28 , 1992 , the formation of fry ( see below ) i like dick = = federal republic of yugoslavia = = [[ image : yugoslaviamap . png | | |||
| 46462154 | 0 | ' [[ kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ]] ' ' ' , which was re - named the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' | in | on | [[ january 6 ]] , [[ 1929 ]] and existed under that name until it was invaded in [[ april 6 ]] , [[ 1941 ]] by the [[ axis powers | ||
| 46462185 | 0 | named the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' on [[ january 6 ]] , [[ 1929 ]] and existed under that name until it was invaded | in | on | [[ april 6 ]] , [[ 1941 ]] by the [[ axis powers ]] . capitulating only 11 days later , it ceased to exist [[ april 17 ]] , [[ | ||
| 47183247 | 4 | history ' ' ( macmillan , 1994 ) - - [[ user : 70 . 157 . 68 . 26 | 70 . 157 . 68 . 26 ]] 01 : | 16 | / / www . hirhome . com / yugo / milospeech . htm " how politicians | , 6 april 2006 ( utc ) poop | ||
| 49148733 | 0 | federation of yugoslavia ( dfy ) ' ' , which in [[ 1946 ]] became the ' ' federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ( fpry ) ' ' and | in | then the | [[ april 7 ]] republics - [[ slovenia | s . r . slovenia ]] , [[ croatia | s . r . croatia ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | | ||
| 49267272 | 17 | milošević ' policies . [[ croatia ]] later followed suit . in january 1990 , the extraordinary 14th congress of the [[ league of communists of yugoslavia ]] was convened . | for the most time , the slovenian and serbian delegations were arguing over the future of the league of communists and yugoslavia | in january 1990 , the extraordinary 14th congress of the [[ league of communists of yugoslavia ]] was convened . the serbian delegation , led by milošević , insisted on the | |||
| 30 | loose confederation of six republics in the autumn of 1990 , however [[ slobodan milošević | milošević ]] rejected all such proposals , arguing that all serbs should live in the | same country . | ammunition and | on [[ march 9 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] demonstrations were held against slobodan milošević in [[ belgrade ]] , but the police and the military were deployed in the streets | |||
| 51123816 | 32 | the new state as soon as possible was a priority . disagreements over whether the new state should be a federation or a centralised state were put off for later . | supported and pressured by fascist italy and nazi germany , croatian leader vlatko macek and his party managed the creation of the croatian banovina ( administrative province ) in 1939 . the agreement specified that croatia were to remain part of yugoslavia , but it was hurriedly building an independent political identity in international relations . | on [[ june 28 ]] [[ 1921 ]] , & mdash ; a day of historical importance to serbs ( see [[ vidovdan ]] ) & mdash ; parliament ( ' | |||
| 53085765 | 3 | was determined to push through a centralist constitution . in response , the croatian peasant party prepared a draft constitution for a neutral peasant republic of croatia . anyway constitution was | passed by | voted on 28 june 1921 with the help of some minor parties including yugoslav muslim organization . shortly after the constitution was passed , old king peter died . he was | |||
| 53107753 | 0 | to push through a centralist constitution . in response , the croatian peasant party prepared a draft constitution for a neutral peasant republic of croatia . the constitution was passed by | voted | vote | on 28 june 1921 with the help of some minor parties including the yugoslav muslim organization . shortly after the constitution was passed , old king peter died . he was | ||
| 55148070 | 0 | in croatian parliament ( that day is celebrated as independence day in croatia ) * [[ january 15 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , when slovenia and croatia were internationally recognized | * [[ april 6 ]] , 1992 , full recognition of bosnia and herzegovina ’ s independence by the united states and most european countries | * [[ april 28 ]] , 1992 , the formation of fry ( see below ) = = federal republic of yugoslavia = = [[ image : yugoslaviamap . png | | |||
| 55551683 | 0 | abolished when the state would transform into a loose commonwealth called [[ serbia and montenegro ]] which finally happened on [[ february 4 ]] , [[ 2003 ]] . as of | [[ 22 | may 22 , 2006 montenegro has voted to separate from serbia and establish itself as an independent state . = = origins = = during the early period of the world | |||
| 56642958 | 0 | when the state would transform into a loose commonwealth called [[ serbia and montenegro ]] which finally happened on [[ february 4 ]] , [[ 2003 ]] . as of [[ | may | 22 may ]] , 2006 montenegro has voted to separate from serbia and establish itself as an independent state . = = ' ' ' background ' ' ' = = | |||
| 3 | " , wanted them to fight under the serbian flag . however , during june and july 1917 , the yugoslav committee met with the serbian government in corfu and on | [[ | 20 july a declaration that laid foundation of the post - war state was issused . the preamble stated that the serbs , croats and slovenes were " the same by | ||||
| 5 | and was to be constitutional monarchy under the karadjordjević dynasty . as the habsburg empire dissolved , a national council of slovenes , croats and serbs took power in zagreb on | [[ | 6 october 1918 . on 29 october , the croatian sabor or parliament declared independence and vested its sovereignty in the new state of the slovenes , croats and serbs . | ||||
| 11 | s army ]] ( jna ) maintained an impression of being neutral , but as time went on , it was becoming more and more involved in state politics . on | [[ | june 25 , 1991 , slovenia and croatia became the first republics to declare independence from yugoslavia . in slovenia , slovenian territorial defence ( paramilitary force ) seized the yugoslav | ||||
| 15 | . in slovenia , slovenian territorial defence ( paramilitary force ) seized the yugoslav border posts with austria and italy taking down yugoslav and raising slovenian flag . following day ( | [[ | june 26 ) , the federal executive council speifically ordered the army to take control of the internationally recognized borders . [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] forces based in | ||||
| 23 | now conduct their respective affairs almost as though the two republics were independent . furthermore , customs have been established along the traditional border crossings between the two republics . on | [[ | may 21 , 2006 , 86 percent of eligible montenegran voters turned out for a special referrundum on the independence of the montenagran republic from federal union with serbia . they | ||||
| 56779575 | 0 | be officially abolished when the state would transform into a loose commonwealth called [[ serbia and montenegro ]] which finally happened on [[ february 4 ]] , [[ 2003 ]] . | as of | * on | [[ may 22 ]] [[ 2006 ]] montenegro has voted to separate from serbia and establish itself as an independent state . _ _ toc _ _ {{ splitsection | history | ||
| 59612233 | 3 | name until it was invaded on [[ april 6 ]] , [[ 1941 ]] by the [[ axis powers ]] . capitulating only 11 days later , it ceased to exist | on | [[ april 17 ]] , [[ 1941 ]] . # the ' ' ' [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( sfry ) ' ' ' was a [[ socialist | |||
| 10 | , croats and slovenes ]] ' ' ' was a [[ monarchy | kingdom ]] formed in [[ december 1 ]] , [[ 1918 ]] , which was re - named | the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' | on [[ january 6 ]] , [[ 1929 ]] and existed under that name until it was invaded on [[ april 6 ]] , [[ 1941 ]] by the [[ axis | ||||
| 63327901 | 41 | austro - hungarian empire had no historic claim to statehood , so there was no sense of loss to belgrade . during the 1920s , serbo - croat wrangle continued and | serbs started increasing and culminated | on 20 june 1928 , after months of rows and even fist - fights in parliament , puniša račić , a montenegrin serb , leapt up in the chamber and shot | |||
| 42 | - hungarian empire had no historic claim to statehood , so there was no sense of loss to belgrade . during the 1920s , serbo - croat wrangle continued and on | 20 | [[ | june 1928 , after months of rows and even fist - fights in parliament , puniša račić , a montenegrin serb , leapt up in the chamber and shot two croats | |||
| 63330276 | 5 | decision . ) = = yugoslavia during the second world war = = ' ' main article : ' ' [[ yugoslavia during world war ii ]] at 05 : 15 | a . m . | on [[ april 6 ]] [[ 1941 ]] , [[ nazi germany | german ]] , [[ italy | italian ]] , [[ hungary | hungarian ]] , and [[ bulgaria | |||
| 63335954 | 0 | western [[ serbia ]] . in november 1941 , the [[ germany | german ]] troops occupied this territory again , while the majority of partisan forces escaped towards bosnia . | [[ image : tito . jpg | right | thumb | [[ josip broz tito ]] during the winter of [[ 1942 ]] ]] | on [[ november 25 ]] , [[ 1942 ]] , the [[ avnoj | anti - fascist council of national liberation of yugoslavia ]] ( ' ' antifašističko vijeće narodnog oslobođenja | |||
| 63517403 | 13 | ) , with one month paid vacation , plus a year ' s maternity leave , if needed . respect for workers was a central concern of government and society . | = = = the government = = = | on [[ april 7 ]] , [[ 1963 ]] the nation changed its official name to [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] and [[ josip broz tito | tito ]] | |||
| 79093500 | 0 | " ) . the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' , also known as the first yugoslavia , was a [[ monarchy | kingdom ]] formed | in | on | [[ december 1 ]] , [[ 1918 ]] , which was originally formed as the ' ' kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ' ' . it was re - | ||
| 83862003 | 34 | the name yugoslavia was officially abolished when the state transformed into a loose commonwealth called [[ serbia and montenegro ]] . after a successful referendum in the republic , montenegro officially | declared its independence | abolished the name " yugoslavia . " | on [[ june 3 ]] , [[ 2006 ]] , while serbia declared independence on [[ june 5 ]] , thereby ending the last remnants of the former yugoslav federation . | ||
| 35 | state transformed into a loose commonwealth called [[ serbia and montenegro ]] . after a successful referendum in the republic , montenegro officially declared its independence on [[ june 3 ]] | , [[ 2006 ]] , while serbia declared independence on | and | [[ june 5 ]] , thereby ending the last remnants of the former yugoslav federation . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = = = = the idea | |||
| 84299894 | 4 | the two remaining republics ]] of [[ serbia ]] ( including the autonomous provinces of [[ vojvodina ]] and [[ kosovo and metohija ]] ) and [[ montenegro ]] . on | when | [[ february 4 ]] , [[ 2003 ]] , the state transformed into a loose commonwealth called [[ serbia and montenegro ]] and officially abolished the name " yugoslavia . " | |||
| 84305972 | 6 | two remaining how republics ]] of [[ serbia ]] ( including the autonomous provinces of [[ vojvodina ]] and [[ kosovo and metohija ]] ) and [[ montenegro ]] . on | when | [[ february 4 ]] , [[ 2003 ]] , the state transformed into a loose commonwealth called [[ serbia and montenegro ]] and officially abolished the name " yugoslavia . " | |||
| 85267250 | 0 | london as their headquarters . = = = the yugoslav committee = = = the [[ yugoslav committee ]] ( ' ' jugoslavenski odbor ' ' ) was officially formed on | cheezy penis | [[ april 30 ]] , [[ 1915 ]] in [[ london ]] , and it began to raise funds , especially among south slavs living in the americas . because of | |||
| 85267502 | 1 | london as their headquarters . = = = the yugoslav committee = = = the [[ yugoslav committee ]] ( ' ' jugoslavenski odbor ' ' ) was officially formed on | cheezy penis | [[ april 30 ]] , [[ 1915 ]] in [[ london ]] , and it began to raise funds , especially among south slavs living in the americas . because of | |||
| 86957387 | 0 | a state for south slavs = = = the first idea of a state for all south slavs emerged in the late [[ 17th century | 17th century ]] , a | product of visionary thinking of croat writers and philosophers who believed that the only way for southern slavs to regain lost freedom after centuries of occupation under the [[ austro - hungarian empire ]] and [[ ottoman empire ]] would be to unite and free themselves of tyrannies and dictatorships . they gave it the name ilirski pokret ( illyric movement ) and gathered many prominent croatian intellectuals and politicians around the new idea , but the movement started gaining large momentum only at the end of the 19th century , mainly because of the harsh policies against any freedom movements occupied southern slavs could possibly have , practiced by both austrian and hungarian dictators . as the ottoman empire grew weaker and serbia , bulgaria and greece grew stronger after the [[ berlin congress ]] , hope for sovereignty of the south slavic peoples in the [[ habsburg empire ]] ( austria - hungary ) increased and the idea of a union between them became stronger . during the early period of the world war i ( which started in [[ 1914 ]] ) , a number of prominent political figures , including [[ ante trumbić ]] , [[ ivan meštrović ]] , [[ nikola stojanović ]] and others , from south slavic lands under the habsburg empire , fled to london where they began work on forming yugoslav committee and their mission was to represent the south slavs of the empire . they chose london as their headquarters . = = = the yugoslav committee = = = the [[ yugoslav committee ]] ( ' ' jugoslavenski odbor ' ' ) was officially formed | hjfjhgjfgfhnhfdfghgopjg7uretijrtyjpr9rtjmh4rhthnfmrytghnmryhoigmtnfetewiojkthjgfgghghhytjhtjjhkyujformed | on [[ april 30 ]] , [[ 1915 ]] in [[ london ]] , and it began to raise funds , especially among south slavs living in the americas . because | ||
| 86957428 | 0 | a state for south slavs = = = the first idea of a state for all south slavs emerged in the late [[ 17th century | 17th century ]] , a | hjfjhgjfgfhnhfdfghgopjg7uretijrtyjpr9rtjmh4rhthnfmrytghnmryhoigmtnfetewiojkthjgfgghghhytjhtjjhkyujformed | product of visionary thinking of croat writers and philosophers who believed that the only way for southern slavs to regain lost freedom after centuries of occupation under the [[ austro - hungarian empire ]] and [[ ottoman empire ]] would be to unite and free themselves of tyrannies and dictatorships . they gave it the name ilirski pokret ( illyric movement ) and gathered many prominent croatian intellectuals and politicians around the new idea , but the movement started gaining large momentum only at the end of the 19th century , mainly because of the harsh policies against any freedom movements occupied southern slavs could possibly have , practiced by both austrian and hungarian dictators . as the ottoman empire grew weaker and serbia , bulgaria and greece grew stronger after the [[ berlin congress ]] , hope for sovereignty of the south slavic peoples in the [[ habsburg empire ]] ( austria - hungary ) increased and the idea of a union between them became stronger . during the early period of the world war i ( which started in [[ 1914 ]] ) , a number of prominent political figures , including [[ ante trumbić ]] , [[ ivan meštrović ]] , [[ nikola stojanović ]] and others , from south slavic lands under the habsburg empire , fled to london where they began work on forming yugoslav committee and their mission was to represent the south slavs of the empire . they chose london as their headquarters . = = = the yugoslav committee = = = the [[ yugoslav committee ]] ( ' ' jugoslavenski odbor ' ' ) was officially formed | on [[ april 30 ]] , [[ 1915 ]] in [[ london ]] , and it began to raise funds , especially among south slavs living in the americas . because | ||
| 87847188 | 26 | and the downfall of [[ austria - hungary ]] and the [[ ottoman empire ]] , the conditions were met for proclaiming the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenians in | [[ | december ]] [[ 1918 ]] . of the country ' s 12 million people , 4 . 6 million were [[ serbs ]] ( 38 . 8 % ) and 2 | |||
| 29 | ( ' ' hrvatska seljačka stranka ' ' ) slowly grew to become a party endorsing croatian national interests and seeking a confederation . the elections for the constituent assembly in | [[ | november ]] [[ 1920 ]] brought victory for the two main serbian parties . [[ communism | communists ]] came third and croatian peasant party fourth . the newly formed government | ||||
| 39 | the majority of partisan forces escaped towards bosnia . [[ image : tito . jpg | right | thumb | [[ josip broz tito ]] during the winter of [[ 1942 | ]] | ]] on [[ november 25 ]] , [[ 1942 ]] , the [[ avnoj | anti - fascist council of national liberation of yugoslavia ]] ( ' ' antifašističko vijeće narodnog | ||||
| 44 | [[ 1945 ]] . the [[ red army ]] aided in liberating [[ belgrade ]] as well as some other territories , but withdrew after the war was over . in | [[ | may ]] 1945 , nov met with allied forces outside former yugoslav borders , after taking over also [[ trieste ]] and parts of [[ austria | austrian ]] southern provinces | ||||
| 91986037 | 41 | prime minister of serbia ) seeing in this a " croat army " , wanted them to fight under the serbian flag . = = = corfu agreement = = = | however , | during june and july 1917 , the yugoslav committee met with the serbian government in corfu and on [[ 20 july ]] a declaration that laid foundation of the post - | |||
| 94995394 | 3 | while the majority of partisan forces escaped towards bosnia . [[ image : tito . jpg | right | thumb | [[ josip broz tito ]] during the winter of 1942 | . | ]] on [[ november 25 ]] , [[ 1942 ]] , the [[ avnoj | anti - fascist council of national liberation of yugoslavia ]] ( ' ' antifašističko vijeće narodnog | |||
| 4 | article : [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ' ' [[ image : sfryugoslavianumbered . png | thumb | 200px | right | numbered map of yugoslav republics and provinces | . | ]] on [[ january 31 ]] , [[ 1946 ]] the new [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution ]] of [[ federal people ' s republic | ||||
| 102647538 | 0 | remaining three republics have yet to apply so their acceptance generally isn ' t expected before 2015 . these states are signatiories of various partnership agreements with the european union . | from | since | [[ january 1 ]] [[ 2007 ]] they will be encircled by member - states of eu . ' ' see also : [[ enlargement of the european union ]] ' | ||
| 102668208 | 0 | under the serbian flag . = = = corfu agreement = = = during june and july 1917 , the yugoslav committee met with the serbian government in corfu and on | [[ | 20 july ]] a declaration that laid the foundation for the post - war state was issued . the preamble stated that the serbs , croats and slovenes were " the | |||
| 105959469 | 1 | slovenes " after [[ world war i ]] and re - named on [[ january 6 ]] , [[ 1929 ]] by [[ alexander i of yugoslavia ]] . it was | invaded | pooped | on [[ april 6 ]] , [[ 1941 ]] by the [[ axis powers ]] and capitulated eleven days later . the ' ' ' second yugoslavia ' ' ' ( | ||
| 105959810 | 1 | slovenes " after [[ world war i ]] and re - named on [[ january 6 ]] , [[ 1929 ]] by [[ alexander i of yugoslavia ]] . it was | pooped | invaded | on [[ april 6 ]] , [[ 1941 ]] by the fartnoxers [[ axis powers ]] and capitulated eleven days later . the ' ' ' second yugoslavia ' ' ' | ||
| 107938591 | 0 | at a time on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the 20th century . the ' ' ' kingdom of yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ | 1 | december 1 ]] , [[ 1918 ]] & ndash ; [[ april 17 ]] , [[ 1941 ]] ) , also known as the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia | first yugoslavia | |||
| 1 | ]] , was a [[ monarchy ]] formed as the " kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes " after [[ world war i ]] and re - named on [[ | 6 | january 6 ]] , [[ 1929 ]] by [[ alexander i of yugoslavia ]] . it was invaded on [[ april 6 ]] , [[ 1941 ]] by the [[ axis | ||||
| 2 | [[ world war i ]] and re - named on [[ january 6 ]] , [[ 1929 ]] by [[ alexander i of yugoslavia ]] . it was invaded on [[ | 6 | april 6 ]] , [[ 1941 ]] by the [[ axis powers ]] and capitulated eleven days later . the ' ' ' second yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ november | ||||
| 3 | [[ april 6 ]] , [[ 1941 ]] by the [[ axis powers ]] and capitulated eleven days later . the ' ' ' second yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ | 29 | november 29 ]] , [[ 1943 ]] & ndash ; [[ june 25 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] ) , a [[ socialism | socialist ]] successor state to the kingdom | ||||
| 4 | ]] by the [[ axis powers ]] and capitulated eleven days later . the ' ' ' second yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ november 29 ]] , [[ 1943 ]] | & ndash ; | - | [[ june 25 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] ) , a [[ socialism | socialist ]] successor state to the kingdom of yugoslavia , existed under various names , including the | |||
| 5 | axis powers ]] and capitulated eleven days later . the ' ' ' second yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ november 29 ]] , [[ 1943 ]] & ndash ; [[ | 25 | june 25 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] ) , a [[ socialism | socialist ]] successor state to the kingdom of yugoslavia , existed under various names , including the " | ||||
| 6 | [[ image : proslavatito . jpg | thumb | right | 200px | 1968 . [[ league of communists of yugoslavia | yugoslav communist party ]] celebration . ]] on [[ | 7 | april 7 ]] , [[ 1963 ]] the nation changed its official name to [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] and [[ josip broz tito | tito ]] was named | ||||
| 7 | crisis . = = = breakup = = = {{ unreferenced | date = july 2006 }} {{ main | dissolution of yugoslavia }} after tito ' s death on [[ | 4 | may 4 ]] [[ 1980 ]] , [[ ethnic group | ethnic ]] [[ tension ]] s grew in yugoslavia . they all used the legacy of the [[ constitution of | ||||
| 25 | while the majority of partisan forces escaped towards bosnia . [[ image : tito . jpg | right | thumb | [[ josip broz tito ]] during the winter of 1942 | . | ]] on [[ november 25 ]] , [[ 1942 ]] , the [[ avnoj | anti - fascist council of national liberation of yugoslavia ]] ( ' ' antifašističko vijeće narodnog | ||||
| 108337095 | 1 | = = = [[ image : proslavatito . jpg | thumb | right | 200px | 1968 . [[ league of communists of yugoslavia | yugoslav communist party ]] celebration ]] | --> | on [[ 7 april ]] [[ 1963 ]] the nation changed its official name to [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] and [[ josip broz tito | tito ]] was | |||
| 118460782 | 0 | in croatian parliament ( that day is celebrated as independence day in croatia ) * [[ january 15 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , when slovenia and croatia were internationally recognized | by most european countries | * [[ april 6 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , full recognition of bosnia and herzegovina ’ s independence by the united states and most european countries * [[ april 28 | |||
| 128720324 | 2 | 1941 ]] by the [[ axis powers ]] and capitulated eleven days later . the ' ' ' second yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ 29 november ]] [[ 1943 ]] | - | & ndash ; | [[ 25 june ]] [[ 1991 ]] ) , a [[ socialism | socialist ]] successor state to the kingdom of yugoslavia , existed under various names , including the " | ||
| 135155283 | 11 | they were at war with the army and gave instructions about arms smuggling as well as methods of dealing with the yugoslav army ' s officers stationed in croatian cities . | serbia and jna used this discovery of croatian rearmament for propaganda purposes , hinting at the fascist quisling croatian state from the ii . ww and to legitimise serbian uprisings in croatia . | in march 1990 , during the demonstrations in [[ split ]] ( croatia ) , a young [[ yugoslavs | yugoslav ]] conscript was pushed off a tank after driving it | |||
| 138330637 | 0 | july 9 ]] th moratorium on slovenian and croatian secession was ended and croatia restated its independence in croatian parliament ( that day is celebrated as independence day in croatia ) | * [[ september 8 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , when fyr macedonia declared indepedence | * [[ january 15 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , when slovenia and croatia were internationally recognized by most european countries * [[ april 6 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , | |||
| 146990779 | 0 | croatia restated its independence in croatian parliament ( that day is celebrated as independence day in croatia ) * [[ september 8 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , when macedonia declared | indepedence | independence | * [[ january 15 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , when slovenia and croatia were internationally recognized by most european countries * [[ april 6 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , | ||
| 154376312 | 0 | while the majority of partisan forces escaped towards bosnia . [[ image : tito . jpg | right | thumb | [[ josip broz tito ]] during the winter of 1942 | . {{ deletable image - caption }} | ]] on [[ november 25 ]] , [[ 1942 ]] , the [[ avnoj | anti - fascist council of national liberation of yugoslavia ]] ( ' ' antifašističko vijeće narodnog | |||
| 158105237 | 3 | ] * [ http : / / www . foia . cia . gov / cpe / esau / esau - 46 . pdf yugoslavia , the outworn structure ( cia | ) | report from november 1970 ) ] * [ http : / / news . bbc . co . uk / go / pr / fr / - / 1 / hi | |||
| 158680696 | 2 | s officers stationed in croatian cities . serbia and jna used this discovery of croatian rearmament for propaganda purposes , hinting at the fascist quisling croatian state from the ii . | ww and to legitimise serbian uprisings in croatia . | in march 1990 , during the demonstrations in [[ split ]] ( croatia ) , a young [[ yugoslavs | yugoslav ]] conscript was pushed off a tank after driving it | |||
| 163849431 | 2 | ]] , [[ 2003 ]] state union of serbia and montenegro announced * [[ june 5 ]] , [[ 2006 ]] after refferendum in montenegro , serbia and montenegro declared their | indipendences | independences | * [[ december ]] , [[ 2006 ]] - present day , diplomatic talks on future status of kosovo began in [[ vienna ]] . = = federal republic of yugoslavia | ||
| 168734899 | 9 | ]] ’ s independence by the united states and most european countries * [[ april 28 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , the formation of fry ( see below ) * | [[ | november ]] , [[ 1995 ]] , peace signed in dayton by leaders of yugoslavia , bosnia and herzegovina and croatia * [[ 1996 ]] - [[ 1999 ]] clashes between | |||
| 21 | [[ 2003 ]] state union of serbia and montenegro announced * [[ june 5 ]] , [[ 2006 ]] after referendum in montenegro , serbia and montenegro declared their independences * | [[ | december ]] , [[ 2006 ]] - present day , diplomatic talks on future status of kosovo began in [[ vienna ]] . = = federal republic of yugoslavia = = | ||||
| 191901309 | 0 | [[ 20th century ]] . the seven countries that were once part of yugoslavia are [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ kosovo ]] ( from sunday | , | february 17th 2008 ) , the [[ republic of macedonia ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ serbia ]] and [[ slovenia ]] . the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of | |||
| 192073726 | 7 | 17th , 2008 ) , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ serbia ]] and [[ slovenia ]] . the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' ( [[ | december | 1 december ]] , [[ 1918 ]] & ndash ; [[ november 29 ]] , [[ 1943 ]] / [[ 1945 ]] ) , also known as the [[ kingdom of | |||
| 13 | ]] . the union of [[ serbia and montenegro ]] was formed on [[ february 4 ]] , [[ 2003 ]] , and officially abolished the name " yugoslavia . " | . | on [[ june 3 ]] and [[ june 5 ]] , 2006 , montenegro and serbia respectively declared their independence , thereby ending the last remnants of the former yugoslav federation | ||||
| 25 | ]] . the seven countries that were once part of yugoslavia are [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ fyrom ]] , [[ kosovo ]] ( from | sunday , | february 17th , 2008 ) , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ serbia ]] and [[ slovenia ]] . the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' ( | ||||
| 192075557 | 4 | the [[ 20th century ]] . the seven countries that were once part of yugoslavia are [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ kosovo ]] ( from | sunday , | february 17 , 2008 ) , the [[ republic of macedonia ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ serbia ]] and [[ slovenia ]] . the ' ' ' [[ kingdom | |||
| 25 | montenegro ]] . the union of [[ serbia and montenegro ]] was formed on [[ february 4 ]] , [[ 2003 ]] , and officially abolished the name " yugoslavia " | . | on [[ june 3 ]] and [[ june 5 ]] , 2006 , montenegro and serbia respectively declared their independence , thereby ending the last remnants of the former yugoslav federation | ||||
| 192083265 | 0 | yugoslavia are [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ croatia ]] , the [[ republic of macedonia ]] , [[ montenegro ]] , [[ serbia ]] and [[ slovenia ]] . | in addition , | on 17 february 2008 , [[ kosovo ]] declared its independence from serbia . the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , which applied | |||
| 192558653 | 0 | [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] * [[ croatia ]] * [[ montenegro ]] * [[ republic of macedonia ]] * [[ serbia ]] * [[ slovenia ]] in addition , on | [[ | 17 february 2008 , [[ kosovo ]] unilaterally declared its independence from serbia . the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , which applied | |||
| 201089095 | 1 | first yugoslavia ]] , was a [[ monarchy ]] formed as the " kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes " after [[ world war i ]] and re - named | once again | on [[ 6 january ]] [[ 1929 ]] by [[ alexander i of yugoslavia ]] . it was invaded on [[ 6 april ]] [[ 1941 ]] by the [[ axis | |||
| 201109080 | 9 | " country of slovenes , croats and serbs " re - named " kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes " after [[ world war i ]] and re - named | once again | on [[ 6 january ]] [[ 1929 ]] by [[ alexander i of yugoslavia ]] . it was invaded on [[ 6 april ]] [[ 1941 ]] by the [[ axis | |||
| 206751541 | 6 | и срба ; [[ slovene ]] : država slovencev , hrvatov in srbov [[ macedonian ]] : кралство на србите , хрватите и словенците ) . the country was established on | [[ | 29 october 1918 . it lasted only for a month ; on 1 december 1918 it joined together with the " kingdom of serbia " ( kraljevina srbija / краљевина србија | |||
| 32 | popular support for paul ' s regency . senior military officers were also opposed to the treaty and launched a [[ coup d ' état ]] when the king returned on | [[ | march 27 ]] . army general [[ dušan simović ]] seized power , arrested the vienna delegation , exiled paul , and ended the regency , giving 17 year old [[ | ||||
| 206809460 | 4 | balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the 20th century . the first country by this name was the " [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] " , which before | [[ | 3 october 1929 was known as the " kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes " . it was established on [[ 1 december ]] , [[ 1918 ]] by the | |||
| 20 | [[ june 5 ]] [[ 2006 ]] , [[ montenegro ]] and [[ serbia ]] respectively declared their independence , thereby ending the last remnants of the loose agreement . on | [[ | february 18 , 2008 , [[ republic of kosovo | kosovo ]] unilaterally declared independence from serbia , an act fiercely opposed by serbia . _ _ toc _ _ = | ||||
| 215130529 | 3 | the collapse of the austro - hungarian empire , various south slavic territories were quickly botched together to form the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes which was proclaimed on | national pie day | [[ 1 december ]] [[ 1918 ]] in [[ belgrade ]] . the new kingdom was made up of the formerly independent kingdoms of serbia and [[ kingdom of montenegro | | |||
| 215130545 | 3 | queen ) austro - hungarian empire , various south slavic apple pie territories were quickly botched together to form the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes which was proclaimed on | national pie day | [[ 1 december ]] [[ 1918 ]] in [[ belgrade ]] . the new kingdom was made up of the formerly independent kingdoms of serbia and [[ kingdom of montenegro | | |||
| 216850189 | 8 | * [[ march 24 ]] - [[ june 10 ]] , [[ 1999 ]] , nato bombing of fr yugoslavia * june 1999 , un and nato administration arrived in kosovo | ]] | * [[ february 5 ]] , [[ 2003 ]] , state union of serbia and montenegro announced * [[ june 5 ]] , [[ 2006 ]] , after referendum in montenegro | |||
| 225041205 | 5 | [[ montenegro ]] and [[ serbia ]] respectively declared their independences , the last indepedent state from " yugoslavia " and " state uninon of serbia and montenegro " is kosovo | ]] | on [[ 17 february ]] [[ 2008 ]] . thereby ending the last remnants of a yugoslav state . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = {{ main | |||
| 231803887 | 23 | ]] , [[ 2003 ]] , it was renamed to the " [[ state union of serbia and montenegro ]] " , and officially abolished the name " yugoslavia . " | . | on [[ june 3 ]] and [[ june 5 ]] , [[ 2006 ]] respectively , [[ montenegro ]] and [[ serbia ]] declared independence , thereby ending the yugoslav state | |||
| 231810308 | 30 | image removed : [[ image : proslavatito . jpg | thumb | right | 200px | 1968 . [[ league of communists of yugoslavia | yugoslav communist party ]] celebration ]] | --> | on [[ 7 april ]] [[ 1963 ]] the nation changed its official name to [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] and [[ josip broz tito | tito ]] was | |||
| 244325833 | 2 | in [[ europe ]] , during most of the 20th century . the first country to be known by this name was the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , which before | [[ | 3 october ]] , [[ 1929 ]] was known as the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes . it was established on [[ 1 december ]] , [[ 1918 ]] | |||
| 5 | kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , which before [[ 3 october ]] , [[ 1929 ]] was known as the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes . it was established on | [[ | 1 december ]] , [[ 1918 ]] by the union of the [[ state of slovenes , croats and serbs ]] and the [[ kingdom of serbia ]] . it was | ||||
| 8 | ]] of most of the republic ' s constituent entities . the last country to bear the name was the [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( fry ) established on | [[ | march 27 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] . it was a [[ federation ]] on the territory of the two remaining ( non - secessionist ) republics of [[ serbia ]] | ||||
| 12 | including the autonomous provinces of [[ vojvodina ]] and [[ autonomous province of kosovo and metohija ( 1990 - 1999 ) | kosovo ]] ) and [[ montenegro ]] . on | [[ | february 4 ]] , [[ 2003 ]] , it was renamed to the [[ state union of serbia and montenegro ]] , and officially abolished the name " yugoslavia " . | ||||
| 16 | 4 ]] , [[ 2003 ]] , it was renamed to the [[ state union of serbia and montenegro ]] , and officially abolished the name " yugoslavia " . on | [[ | june 3 ]] and [[ june 5 ]] , [[ 2006 ]] respectively , [[ montenegro ]] and [[ serbia ]] declared independence , thereby ending the yugoslav state . _ | ||||
| 18 | ]] , it was renamed to the [[ state union of serbia and montenegro ]] , and officially abolished the name " yugoslavia " . on [[ june 3 ]] and | [[ | june 5 ]] , [[ 2006 ]] respectively , [[ montenegro ]] and [[ serbia ]] declared independence , thereby ending the yugoslav state . _ _ toc _ _ = | ||||
| 22 | the collapse of the austro - hungarian empire , various south slavic territories were quickly grouped together to form the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes which was proclaimed on | [[ | 1 december ]] [[ 1918 ]] in [[ belgrade ]] . the new kingdom was made up of the formerly independent kingdoms of serbia and [[ kingdom of montenegro | montenegro | ||||
| 25 | it was hurriedly building an independent political identity in international relations . prince paul submitted to the fascist pressure and signed the [[ tripartite treaty ]] in [[ vienna ]] on | [[ | march 25 ]] , [[ 1941 ]] , hoping to still keep yugoslavia out of the war . but this was at the expense of popular support for paul ' s | ||||
| 29 | peter ]] full powers . = = = the beginning of world war ii in yugoslavia = = = [[ adolf hitler | hitler ]] then decided to attack yugoslavia on | [[ | april 6 ]] [[ 1941 ]] , followed immediately by an invasion of [[ greece ]] where [[ benito mussolini | mussolini ]] had previously been repelled . ( as a | ||||
| 31 | world war ii # yugoslavia }} = = = invasion of yugoslavia = = = {{ main | invasion of yugoslavia }} at 5 : 12 a . m . on | [[ | april 6 ]] [[ 1941 ]] , [[ nazi italians ]] , [[ italian fascism | italian ]] and [[ hungary | hungarian ]] forces attacked yugoslavia . the german air | ||||
| 33 | | hungarian ]] forces attacked yugoslavia . the german air force ( ' ' [[ luftwaffe ]] ' ' ) bombed [[ belgrade ]] and other major yugoslav cities . on | [[ | april 17 ]] , representatives of yugoslavia ' s various regions signed an armistice with germany at belgrade , ending eleven days of resistance against the invading german army ( ' | ||||
| 39 | ]] ( ' ' antifašističko vijeće narodnog oslobođenja jugoslavije ' ' ) was convened in [[ bihać ]] , [[ bosnia and herzegovina | bosnia ]] . the council reconvened on | [[ | november 29 ]] , [[ 1943 ]] , in [[ jajce ]] , also in [[ bosnia and herzegovina | bosnia ]] and established the basis for post - war organization | ||||
| 43 | main | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ image : sfryugoslavianumbered . png | thumb | 250px | right | numbered map of yugoslav republics and provinces . ]] on | [[ | january 31 ]] , [[ 1946 ]] , the new [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution ]] of [[ federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia | ||||
| 47 | the government = = = [[ image : proslavatito . jpg | thumb | right | 250px | the 1968 [[ league of communists of yugoslavia ]] celebration . ]] on | [[ | 7 april ]] [[ 1963 ]] the nation changed its official name to [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] and [[ josip broz tito | tito ]] was named [[ | ||||
| 50 | [[ franjo tuđman ]] . ]] [[ image : alijaizetbegovic1 . jpg | 200px | right | thumb | [[ alija izetbegović ]] . ]] after tito ' s death on | [[ | 4 may ]] [[ 1980 ]] , [[ ethnic group | ethnic ]] [[ tension ]] s grew in yugoslavia . the legacy of the [[ constitution of the socialist federal | ||||
| 53 | all such proposals , arguing that like slovenes and croats , the serbs ( having in mind croatian serbs ) should also have a right to self - determination . on | [[ | march 9 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , demonstrations were held against slobodan milošević in [[ belgrade ]] , but the police and the military were deployed in the streets to | ||||
| 57 | were mainly of serbian ethnicity , maintained an impression of being neutral , but as time went on , they got more and more involved in the state politics . on | [[ | june 25 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , slovenia and croatia became the first republics to declare [[ independence ]] from yugoslavia . the federal customs officers in slovenia on the | ||||
| 61 | italy , austria and hungary mainly just changed uniforms since most of them were local slovenes . the border police was already slovenian before declaring independence . the following day ( | [[ | june 26 ]] ) , the federal executive council specifically ordered the army to take control of the " internationally recognized borders " . see [[ ten - day war ]] | ||||
| 63 | | imoro ]] ' ' ) . as a result of the conflict , the [[ united nations security council ]] unanimously adopted [[ un security council resolution 721 ]] on | [[ | november 27 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , which paved the way to the establishment of [[ peacekeeping ]] operations in yugoslavia . < ref > {{ cite web | url | ||||
| 67 | an overwhelming vote in favour of forming serbian republic in borders of bosnia and herzegovina and staying in a common state with [[ serbia ]] and [[ montenegro ]] . on | [[ | january 9 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , the self - proclaimed bosnian serb assembly proclaimed a separate " republic of the serb people of bosnia and herzegovina " . the | ||||
| 71 | the two - thirds majority requirement actually meant and whether it was satisfied {{ fact | date = february 2007 }} . the republic ' s government declared its independence on | [[ | 5 april ]] , and the serbs immediately declared the independence of republika srpska . the [[ bosnian war | war in bosnia ]] followed shortly thereafter . = = = | ||||
| 77 | the end of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia : * [[ june 25 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , when [[ croatia ]] and [[ slovenia ]] declared independence * | [[ | september 8 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , following a referendum the [[ republic of macedonia ]] declared independence * [[ october 8 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , when the | ||||
| 81 | [[ croatia ]] and [[ slovenia ]] declared independence * [[ september 8 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , following a referendum the [[ republic of macedonia ]] declared independence * | [[ | october 8 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , when the [[ july 9 ]] moratorium on slovenian and croatian secession was ended and croatia restated its independence in croatian parliament ( | ||||
| 85 | september 8 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , following a referendum the [[ republic of macedonia ]] declared independence * [[ october 8 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , when the | [[ | july 9 ]] moratorium on slovenian and croatian secession was ended and croatia restated its independence in croatian parliament ( that day is celebrated as independence day in croatia ) * | ||||
| 87 | july 9 ]] moratorium on slovenian and croatian secession was ended and croatia restated its independence in croatian parliament ( that day is celebrated as independence day in croatia ) * | [[ | january 15 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , when slovenia and croatia were internationally recognized by most european countries * [[ april 6 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , full recognition | ||||
| 91 | day is celebrated as independence day in croatia ) * [[ january 15 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , when slovenia and croatia were internationally recognized by most european countries * | [[ | april 6 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , full recognition of [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] ’ s independence by the united states and most european countries * [[ april 28 | ||||
| 95 | countries * [[ april 6 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , full recognition of [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] ’ s independence by the united states and most european countries * | [[ | april 28 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , the formation of fry ( see below ) * november 1995 , peace signed in dayton by leaders of yugoslavia , bosnia and | ||||
| 109 | [[ un ]] and [[ nato ]] administration arrived in [[ kosovo ]] * [[ february 5 ]] , [[ 2003 ]] , state union of serbia and montenegro announced * | [[ | june 5 ]] , [[ 2006 ]] , after referendum in montenegro , serbia and montenegro declared their independences * [[ february 17 ]] , [[ 2008 ]] , when [[ | ||||
| 113 | ]] , state union of serbia and montenegro announced * [[ june 5 ]] , [[ 2006 ]] , after referendum in montenegro , serbia and montenegro declared their independences * | [[ | february 17 ]] , [[ 2008 ]] , when [[ kosovo ]] unilaterally declared independence from [[ serbia ]] = = federal republic of yugoslavia = = [[ image : yugoslaviamap | ||||
| 117 | . png | thumb | 250px | the federal republic of yugoslavia consisted of serbia and montenegro ]] the [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( fry ) was formed on | [[ | april 28 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] , and it consisted of the former socialist republic of serbia and socialist republic of montenegro . the new constitution of yugoslavia was voted | ||||
| 121 | in belgrade on october 5 and the collapse of the regime ' s authority . the opposition ' s candidate , [[ vojislav koštunica ]] took office as yugoslav president on | [[ | october 6 ]] , [[ 2000 ]] . on saturday , | [[ | march 31 ]] , [[ 2001 ]] , milošević surrendered to yugoslav security forces from his home in belgrade , following a recent warrant for his arrest on charges of abuse | ||
| 129 | ]] , milošević surrendered to yugoslav security forces from his home in belgrade , following a recent warrant for his arrest on charges of abuse of power and corruption . on | [[ | june 28 ]] he was driven to the yugoslav - bosnian border where shortly after he was placed in the custody of [[ sfor ]] officials , soon to be extradited | ||||
| 131 | former yugoslavia ]] . his trial on charges of [[ genocide ]] in bosnia and war crimes in croatia and in kosovo and metohija began at [[ the hague ]] on | [[ | february 12 ]] , [[ 2002 ]] , and he died there on [[ 11 march ]] , [[ 2006 ]] , while his trial was still ongoing . on [[ | ||||
| 135 | and war crimes in croatia and in kosovo and metohija began at [[ the hague ]] on [[ february 12 ]] , [[ 2002 ]] , and he died there on | [[ | 11 march ]] , [[ 2006 ]] , while his trial was still ongoing . on [[ april 11 ]] , [[ 2002 ]] , the yugoslav parliament passed a law | ||||
| 138 | [[ february 12 ]] , [[ 2002 ]] , and he died there on [[ 11 march ]] , [[ 2006 ]] , while his trial was still ongoing . on | [[ | april 11 ]] , [[ 2002 ]] , the yugoslav parliament passed a law allowing extradition of all persons charged with war crimes by the international criminal tribunal . in march | ||||
| 142 | agreed to reform the fry in favour of a new , much weaker form of cooperation called [[ serbia and montenegro ]] . by order of the yugoslav federal parliament on | [[ | february 4 ]] , [[ 2003 ]] , yugoslavia , at least nominally , ceased to exist . a federal government remained in place in belgrade but assumed largely ceremonial powers | ||||
| 146 | of montenegro conducted their respective affairs almost as though the two republics were independent . furthermore , customs were established along the traditional border crossings between the two republics . on | [[ | may 21 ]] , [[ 2006 ]] , 86 percent of eligible montenegrin voters turned out for a special referendum on the independence of [[ montenegro ]] from the state union | ||||
| 150 | 5 % in favor of independence , recognised as above the 55 % threshold set by the [[ european union ]] for formal recognition of the independence of montenegro . on | [[ | june 3 ]] , [[ 2006 ]] , montenegro officially declared its independence , with serbia following suit two days later , effectively dissolving the last vestige of the former yugoslavia | ||||
| 154 | remaining four republics have yet to apply so their acceptance generally is not expected before 2015 . these states are signatories of various partnership agreements with the european union . since | [[ | january 1 ]] , [[ 2007 ]] , they have been encircled by member - states of eu ( and albania , which is encircled with them ) . ' ' | ||||
| 250982182 | 2 | will probably join by 2010 – 2015 . the remaining four republics have yet to apply so their acceptance generally is not expected before 2015 . these states are signatories of | various partnership agreements with the european union . | since january 1 , 2007 , they have been encircled by member - states of eu ( and albania , which is encircled with them ) . ' ' see also | |||
| 257731379 | 1 | , 1992 , full recognition of [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] ’ s independence by the united states and most european countries * april 28 , 1992 , the formation of | fry ( see below ) | yugoslavia ]] is formed | * november 1995 , peace signed in dayton by leaders of yugoslavia , bosnia and herzegovina and croatia * [[ agreement on sub - regional arms control ]] * 1996 - | ||
| 6 | kosovo ]] * february 5 , 2003 , state union of serbia and montenegro announced * june 5 , 2006 , after referendum in montenegro , serbia and montenegro declared their | independences | independence ' s | * february 17 , 2008 , when [[ kosovo ]] unilaterally declared independence from [[ serbia ]] = = federal republic of yugoslavia = = [[ image : yugoslaviamap . png | |||
| 264566958 | 0 | ]] * february 5 , 2003 , state union of serbia and montenegro announced * june 5 , 2006 , after referendum in montenegro , serbia and montenegro declared their independence | ' s | * february 17 , 2008 , when [[ kosovo ]] unilaterally declared independence from [[ serbia ]] = = federal republic of yugoslavia = = {{ main | federal republic of | |||
| 277852154 | 0 | * march 24 - june 10 , 1999 , nato bombing of fr yugoslavia * june 1999 , [[ un ]] and [[ nato ]] administration arrived in [[ kosovo ]] | , and punch was served in an attempt to make everyone better friends | * february 5 , 2003 , state union of serbia and montenegro announced * june 5 , 2006 , after referendum in montenegro , serbia and montenegro declared their independence * | |||
| 277856377 | 0 | * march 24 - june 10 , 1999 , nato bombing of fr yugoslavia * june 1999 , [[ un ]] and [[ nato ]] administration arrived in [[ kosovo ]] | , and punch was served in an attempt to make everyone better friends | * february 5 , 2003 , state union of serbia and montenegro announced * june 5 , 2006 , after referendum in montenegro , serbia and montenegro declared their independence * | |||
| 284695040 | 19 | ]] and [[ serbia ]] declared independence , thereby ending the yugoslav state . [[ kosovo ]] declared independence in 2008 . its statehood is , however , still disputed . | the last country to have any yugoslav atribute in its name is the | on february 4 , 2003 , it was renamed to the [[ state union of serbia and montenegro ]] , and officially abolished the name " yugoslavia " . on june | |||
| 57 | ]] * february 5 , 2003 , state union of serbia and montenegro announced * june 5 , 2006 , after referendum in montenegro , serbia and montenegro declared their independence | and serbia stated it is the successor of the state union . | * february 17 , 2008 , when [[ kosovo ]] unilaterally declared independence from [[ serbia ]] = = federal republic of yugoslavia = = {{ main | federal republic of | ||||
| 88 | the state union with serbia . they voted 55 . 5 % in favor of independence , recognised as above the 55 % threshold set by the [[ european union ]] | for formal recognition of the independence of montenegro | . on june 3 , 2006 , montenegro officially declared its independence , with serbia following suit two days later , effectively dissolving the last vestige of the former yugoslavia . | ||||
| 288099504 | 2 | their acceptance generally is not expected before 2015 . these states are signatories of [[ enlargement of the european union | various partnership agreements ]] with the european union . since | 1 | january 1 , 2007 , they have been encircled by member - states of eu ( and albania , which is encircled with them ) . = = = remaining cultural | |||
| 321377060 | 0 | of greece in the new order . ( see also - - [[ user : vatroslav1937 | vatroslav1937 ]] ( [[ user talk : vatroslav1937 | talk ]] ) 13 : | 28 | 29 | , 22 october 2009 ( utc ) serbian pro nazi government ) = = = the 1930s in yugoslavia = = = the international political scene in the late 1930s was | ||
| 337482203 | 1 | / odot _ pdf / microsoft % 20word % 20 - % 205930 . pdf | title = croatia | publisher = shoah resource center - [[ yad vashem ]] | | language = english | | accessdate = 4 january 2010 }} < / ref > ' ' see : [[ jasenovac concentration camp ]] ' ' = = = yugoslav people ' s liberation war = | |||
| 347164096 | 14 | war between croats and serbs upon croatia declaring independence , which ended in what many consider to have been an ethnic cleansing of serbs from a part of croatia . {{ | pov - statement | fixbunching | | date = april 2009 }} ]] [[ file : alijaizetbegovic1 . jpg | thumb | 150px | right | bosnian president [[ alija izetbegović ]] pushed for independence of bosnia | ||
| 400599300 | 17 | yugoslavia | king ]] [[ peter ii of yugoslavia | peter ii ]] was deposed by yugoslavia ' s [[ constituent assembly ]] . however , he refused to abdicate . | on january 31 , 1946 , the new [[ constitution | on november 29 , 1945 , while still in exile , [[ king of yugoslavia | king ]] [[ peter ii of yugoslavia | peter ii ]] was deposed by yugoslavia | |||
| 76 | : / / www . foia . cia . gov / cpe / esau / esau - 46 . pdf " yugoslavia : the outworn structure " ( [[ cia ]] | ) | report from november 1970 ] * the [ http : / / chnm . gmu . edu / 1989 / exhibits / collapse / essay collapse of communist yugoslavia ] {{ | ||||
| 441313646 | 1 | / hi / special _ report / 1998 / kosovo / 110492 . stm | title = history , bloody history | publisher = [[ bbc news ]] | date = | 24 | march 24 , 1999 | accessdate = december 29 , 2010 }} < / ref > ) . starting in 1991 , the sfry disintegrated in the [[ yugoslav wars ]] | |||
| 4 | [[ world war ii ]] stopped the fulfillment of those plans . prince paul submitted to the fascist pressure and signed the [[ tripartite treaty ]] in [[ vienna ]] on | 25 | march 25 , 1941 , hoping to still keep yugoslavia out of the war . but this was at the expense of popular support for paul ' s regency . senior | ||||
| 6 | , giving 17 - year - old [[ peter ii of yugoslavia | king peter ]] full powers . [[ adolf hitler | hitler ]] then decided to attack yugoslavia on | 6 | april 6 , 1941 , followed immediately by an invasion of greece where [[ benito mussolini | mussolini ]] had previously been repelled . < ref > http : / / | ||||
| 7 | freedom to the people ! " shortly before his execution ]] = = = invasion of yugoslavia = = = {{ main | invasion of yugoslavia }} at 5 : 12 | a . m . | & nbsp ; am | on april 6 , 1941 , [[ nazi germany | german ]] , [[ italian fascism | italian ]] and hungarian forces attacked yugoslavia . the german air force ( ' | |||
| 8 | " shortly before his execution ]] = = = invasion of yugoslavia = = = {{ main | invasion of yugoslavia }} at 5 : 12 a . m . on | 6 | april 6 , 1941 , [[ nazi germany | german ]] , [[ italian fascism | italian ]] and hungarian forces attacked yugoslavia . the german air force ( ' ' | ||||
| 9 | ]] and hungarian forces attacked yugoslavia . the german air force ( ' ' [[ luftwaffe ]] ' ' ) bombed [[ belgrade ]] and other major yugoslav cities . on | 17 | april 17 , representatives of yugoslavia ' s various regions signed an armistice with germany in belgrade , ending 11 days of resistance against the invading german army ( ' ' | ||||
| 12 | . most notable of the victories against the occupying forces were the battles of [[ battle of neretva | neretva ]] and [[ battle of sutjeska | sutjeska ]] . on | 25 | november 25 , 1942 , the [[ avnoj | anti - fascist council of national liberation of yugoslavia ]] was convened in [[ bihać ]] , modern day [[ bosnia and | ||||
| 13 | avnoj | anti - fascist council of national liberation of yugoslavia ]] was convened in [[ bihać ]] , modern day [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] . the council reconvened on | 29 | november 29 , 1943 , in [[ jajce ]] , also in [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , and established the basis for post - war organization of the country , | ||||
| 14 | | right | flag of socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] [[ file : sfryugoslavianumbered . png | thumb | 250px | right | republics and provinces of yugoslavia ]] on | 29 | november 29 , 1945 , while still in exile , [[ king of yugoslavia | king ]] [[ peter ii of yugoslavia | peter ii ]] was deposed by yugoslavia ' | ||||
| 15 | | king ]] [[ peter ii of yugoslavia | peter ii ]] was deposed by yugoslavia ' s [[ constituent assembly ]] . however , he refused to abdicate . on | 31 | january 31 , 1946 , the new [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution ]] of [[ federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ]] , modeled | ||||
| 22 | all such proposals , arguing that like slovenes and croats , the serbs ( having in mind croatian serbs ) should also have a right to self - determination . on | 9 | march 9 , 1991 , demonstrations were held against slobodan milošević in [[ belgrade ]] , but the police and the military were deployed in the streets to restore order , | ||||
| 23 | were mainly of serbian ethnicity , maintained an impression of being neutral , but as time went on , they got more and more involved in the state politics . on | 25 | june 25 , 1991 , slovenia and croatia became the first republics to declare [[ independence ]] from yugoslavia . the federal customs officers in slovenia on the border crossings with | ||||
| 24 | mainly just changed uniforms since most of them were local slovenes . the border police were mostly already slovenian before slovenia ' s declaration of independence . the following day ( | 26 | june 26 ) , the federal executive council specifically ordered the army to take control of the " internationally recognized borders " . see [[ ten - day war ]] . | ||||
| 27 | mountain up to the year 2000 . as a result of the conflict , the [[ united nations security council ]] unanimously adopted [[ un security council resolution 721 ]] on | 27 | november 27 , 1991 , which paved the way to the establishment of [[ peacekeeping ]] operations in yugoslavia . < ref > {{ cite web | url = http : | ||||
| 30 | an overwhelming vote in favour of forming serbian republic in borders of bosnia and herzegovina and staying in a common state with [[ serbia ]] and [[ montenegro ]] . on | 9 | january 9 , 1992 , the self - proclaimed bosnian serb assembly proclaimed a separate " republic of the serb people of bosnia and herzegovina " . the referendum and creation | ||||
| 32 | various dates are considered the end of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia : * june 25 , 1991 , when [[ croatia ]] and [[ slovenia ]] declared independence * | 8 | september 8 , 1991 , following a referendum the [[ republic of macedonia ]] declared independence * october 8 , 1991 , when the july 9 moratorium on slovenian and croatian | ||||
| 33 | , 1991 , when [[ croatia ]] and [[ slovenia ]] declared independence * september 8 , 1991 , following a referendum the [[ republic of macedonia ]] declared independence * | 8 | october 8 , 1991 , when the july 9 moratorium on slovenian and croatian secession was ended and croatia restated its independence in croatian parliament ( that day is celebrated as | ||||
| 34 | and [[ slovenia ]] declared independence * september 8 , 1991 , following a referendum the [[ republic of macedonia ]] declared independence * october 8 , 1991 , when the | 9 | july 9 moratorium on slovenian and croatian secession was ended and croatia restated its independence in croatian parliament ( that day is celebrated as independence day in croatia ) * january | ||||
| 35 | the july 9 moratorium on slovenian and croatian secession was ended and croatia restated its independence in croatian parliament ( that day is celebrated as independence day in croatia ) * | 15 | january 15 , 1992 , when slovenia and croatia were internationally recognized by most european countries * april 6 , 1992 , full recognition of [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] ’ | ||||
| 36 | croatian parliament ( that day is celebrated as independence day in croatia ) * january 15 , 1992 , when slovenia and croatia were internationally recognized by most european countries * | 6 | april 6 , 1992 , full recognition of [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] ’ s independence by the u . s . and most european countries * april 28 , 1992 | ||||
| 37 | most european countries * april 6 , 1992 , full recognition of [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] ’ s independence by the u . s . and most european countries * | 28 | april 28 , 1992 , [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] is formed * november 1995 , [[ dayton agreement ]] is signed by leaders of fr yugoslavia , bosnia and | ||||
| 53 | . uk / 2 / hi / special _ report / 1998 / kosovo / 110492 . stm | title = history , bloody history | publisher = [[ bbc news | ]] | | date = march 24 , 1999 | accessdate = december 29 , 2010 }} < / ref > ) . starting in 1991 , the sfry disintegrated in the [[ | ||||
| 58 | to be federalized but [[ world war ii ]] stopped the fulfillment of those plans . prince paul submitted to the fascist pressure and signed the [[ tripartite treaty ]] in | [[ | vienna ]] on march 25 , 1941 , hoping to still keep yugoslavia out of the war . but this was at the expense of popular support for paul ' s | ||||
| 59 | federalized but [[ world war ii ]] stopped the fulfillment of those plans . prince paul submitted to the fascist pressure and signed the [[ tripartite treaty ]] in [[ vienna | ]] | on march 25 , 1941 , hoping to still keep yugoslavia out of the war . but this was at the expense of popular support for paul ' s regency . | ||||
| 478217075 | 1 | federation in 2000 , the country rescinded those aspirations and accepted the opinion of [[ badinter arbitration committee ]] about shared succession , and reapplied for and gained un membership on | 2 | november 2 , 2000 . < ref > {{ cite web | title = fr yugoslavia investment profile 2001 | url = http : / / www . fifoost . org | |||
| 496174460 | 16 | | thumb | right | flag of socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] [[ file : sfryugoslavianumbered . png | thumb | 250px | right | republics and provinces of yugoslavia | ]] | }} | on 29 november 1945 , while still in exile , [[ king of yugoslavia | king ]] [[ peter ii of yugoslavia | peter ii ]] was deposed by yugoslavia ' | ||
| 522673151 | 0 | expense of popular support for paul ' s regency . senior military officers were also opposed to the treaty and launched a coup d ' état when the king returned on | [[ yugoslav military coup of march 27 , 1941 | | 27 march . army general [[ dušan simović ]] seized power , arrested the vienna delegation , exiled paul , and ended the regency , giving 17 - year - old | |||
| 542253625 | 2 | " serbia and montenegro " . < ref name = " serbia and montenegro " / > the state was finally officially renamed [[ serbia and montenegro ]] in 2003 . | may 2006 referendum ]] . after montenegrin independence , the state previously known as ' ' serbia and montenegro ' ' became known as the ' ' [[ republic of serbia ]] ' ' . | in april 2001 , the five successor states drafted and in june 2001 they signed an agreement on succession issues . < ref > {{ cite web | url = http | |||
| 542256959 | 8 | recognized state . however , numerous countries , including the united states , have recognized kosovo as an independent nation . in april 2001 , the five successor states drafted and | then | in april 2001 , the five successor states drafted and in june 2001 they signed an agreement on succession issues . < ref > {{ cite web | url = http | |||
| 542266155 | 1 | file : coat of arms of kosovo . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | february 17 , 2008 | no official recognition due to ongoing kosovar sovereignty dispute | ]] | | february 17 | - | [[ macedonia ( country ) | macedonia ]] | [[ skopje ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of macedonia . svg | | |||
| 547327217 | 3 | 210 | header = | image1 = flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | caption1 = flag of [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | sfr yugoslavia ]] | image2 = | yugoslavia . svg | caption2 = republics and autonomous provinces of sfr yugoslavia }} | ' ' ' | on 29 november 1945 , while still in exile , [[ king of yugoslavia | king ]] [[ peter ii of yugoslavia | peter ii ]] was deposed by yugoslavia ' | ||
| 567916113 | 0 | in 2000 , the fry rescinded those aspirations , accepting the opinion of the [[ badinter arbitration committee ]] about shared succession , and reapplied for and gained un membership on | 2 | november 2 , 2000 . < ref name = " ebrd country promotion programme " > {{ cite web | title = fr yugoslavia investment profile 2001 | url = http | |||
| 575358692 | 7 | 1 december 1918 by the union of the [[ state of slovenes , croats and serbs ]] and the [[ kingdom of serbia ]] ( the [[ kingdom of montenegro ]] | was annexed | on 13 november 1918 , and the conference of ambassadors in paris gave international recognition to the union on 13 july 1922 ) . < ref > http : / / | |||
| 578690791 | 19 | and the [[ kingdom of serbia ]] ( which had annexed the [[ kingdom of montenegro ]] on 13 november ) . the conference of ambassadors in paris gave international recognition | to the union | on 13 july 1922 . < ref > http : / / www . orderofdanilo . org / en / family / index . htm < / ref > the kingdom | |||
| 588344999 | 28 | 2006 | may 2006 referendum ]] . after montenegrin independence , serbia became the [[ legal successor ]] of serbia and montenegro , while montenegro re - applied for membership in | international organizations | 2011 | . . in february 2008 , the [[ republic of kosovo ]] declared independence from serbia , leading to [[ international recognition of kosovo | an ongoing dispute on whether kosovo | ||
| 609965813 | 0 | existent . after montenegro ' s independence , serbia became the [[ legal successor ]] of serbia and montenegro , while montenegro re - applied for membership in international organizations . | . | in february 2008 , the [[ republic of kosovo ]] declared independence from serbia , leading to an ongoing dispute on whether kosovo is a legally recognized state . however , | |||
| 616726337 | 0 | = new york | isbn = 0 - 313 - 24308 - 5 | page = | pages = }} < / ref > however , he refused to abdicate . | marshall tito was nolw in full control , and all opposition elements were eliminated . he executed over 100 , 000 croats and slovenes who had collaborated with the germans . < ref > {{ cite book | author1 = arnold and wiener | title = cold war : the essential reference guide | url = http : / / books . google . com / books ? id = xrd6y - oifpac & pg = pa216 | year = 2012 | | page = 216 }} < / ref > | on 31 january 1946 , the new [[ 1946 yugoslav constitution | constitution ]] of [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] , modeled after the [[ soviet union ]] , | |||
| 622075928 | 0 | center > [[ file : coat of arms of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | march 1 , 1992 | april 6 , 1992 | {{ fact }} | | march 1 | - | [[ croatia ]] | [[ zagreb ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of croatia . svg | 70px | border ]] < | |||
| 1 | > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of croatia . svg | 40px ]] < center > | june 25 , 1991 | october 8 , 1991 | {{ fact }} | | june 25 | - | [[ republic of kosovo | kosovo ]] | [[ pristina ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of kosovo . svg | 70px | ||||
| 2 | > [[ file : coat of arms of the republic of macedonia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | september 8 , 1991 | april 8 , 1993 | {{ fact }} | | september 8 | - | [[ montenegro ]] | [[ podgorica ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of montenegro . svg | 70px | border ]] < | ||||
| 3 | | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of montenegro . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | may 21 , 2006 | june 3 , 2006 | {{ fact }} | | may 21 | - | [[ serbia ]] | [[ belgrade ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of serbia . svg | 70px | border ]] < | ||||
| 4 | | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of serbia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | may 22 , 2006 | june 5 , 2006 | {{ fact }} | | february 15 | - | [[ slovenia ]] | [[ ljubljana ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of slovenia . svg | 70px | border ]] < | ||||
| 622076022 | 0 | . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | february 17 , 2008 | no official recognition due to [[ international recognition of kosovo | ongoing kosovar sovereignty dispute ]] | {{ fact }} | | february 17 | - | [[ macedonia ( country ) | macedonia ]] | [[ skopje ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of macedonia . svg | | |||
| 622078305 | 0 | ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of montenegro . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | may 21 , 2006 | {{ fact }} | | june 3 , 2006 {{ fact }} | may 21 | - | [[ serbia ]] | [[ belgrade ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of serbia | |||
| 1 | ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of serbia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | may 22 , 2006 | {{ fact }} | | june 5 , 2006 {{ fact }} | february 15 | - | [[ slovenia ]] | [[ ljubljana ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of slovenia | ||||
| 622094154 | 1 | ; " | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | march 1 , 1992 | | 6 | april 6 , 1992 {{ fact | date = august 2014 }} | march 1 | - | [[ croatia ]] | [[ zagreb ]] | < center > [[ file | |||
| 4 | ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of croatia . svg | 40px ]] < center > | june 25 , 1991 | | 8 | october 8 , 1991 {{ fact | date = august 2014 }} | june 25 | - | [[ republic of kosovo | kosovo ]] | [[ pristina ]] | < | ||||
| 10 | [[ international recognition of kosovo | ongoing kosovar sovereignty dispute ]] {{ fact | date = august 2014 }} | february 17 | - | [[ macedonia ( country ) | | 8 | september 8 , 1991 | april 8 , 1993 {{ fact | date = august 2014 }} | september 8 | - | [[ montenegro ]] | [[ podgorica ]] | | ||||
| 11 | > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of the republic of macedonia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | september 8 , 1991 | | 8 | april 8 , 1993 {{ fact | date = august 2014 }} | september 8 | - | [[ montenegro ]] | [[ podgorica ]] | < center > [[ file | ||||
| 20 | < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of slovenia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | june 25 , 1991 | | 7 | july 7 , 1991 ( after signing the [[ brioni agreement ]] ) | june 25 | } = = = succession , 1992 – 2003 = = = {{ multiple | ||||
| 22 | " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | march | 1 , | 1992 | april 6 , 1992 {{ fact | date = august 2014 }} | march 1 | - | [[ croatia ]] | [[ zagreb ]] | < center > | ||||
| 25 | | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of croatia . svg | 40px ]] < center > | june | 25 , | 1991 | october 8 , 1991 {{ fact | date = august 2014 }} | june 25 | - | [[ republic of kosovo | kosovo ]] | [[ pristina ]] | ||||
| 35 | ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of the republic of macedonia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | september | 8 , | 1991 | april 8 , 1993 {{ fact | date = august 2014 }} | september 8 | - | [[ montenegro ]] | [[ podgorica ]] | < center > | ||||
| 44 | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of slovenia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | june | 25 , | 1991 | july 7 , 1991 ( after signing the [[ brioni agreement ]] ) | june 25 | } = = = succession , 1992 – 2003 = = = | ||||
| 656901506 | 2 | : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | 1 march 1992 | }} | {{ dts | | 6 april 1992 {{ citation needed | date = august 2014 }} | 1 march | - | [[ croatia ]] | [[ zagreb ]] | < center > [[ | |||
| 6 | | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of croatia . svg | 40px ]] < center > | 25 june 1991 | }} | {{ dts | | 8 october 1991 {{ citation needed | date = august 2014 }} | 25 june | - | [[ kosovo ]] | [[ pristina ]] | < center > [[ | ||||
| 14 | / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of the republic of macedonia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | 8 september 1991 | }} | {{ dts | | 8 april 1993 {{ citation needed | date = august 2014 }} | 8 september | - | [[ montenegro ]] | [[ podgorica ]] | < center > [[ | ||||
| 26 | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of slovenia . svg | 40px ]] < / center > | 25 june 1991 | }} | {{ dts | | 7 july 1991 ( after signing the [[ brioni agreement ]] ) | 25 june | } = = = succession , 1992 – 2003 = = = {{ multiple | ||||
| 702550312 | 15 | ]] ) with the formerly independent [[ kingdom of serbia ]] . the serbian royal [[ house of karađorđević ]] became the yugoslav royal dynasty . yugoslavia gained international recognition on | [[ | 13 july 1922 at the [[ conference of ambassadors ]] in paris . < ref > http : / / www . orderofdanilo . org / en / family / index | |||
| 20 | , following centuries in which the territories had been part of the [[ ottoman empire ]] and [[ austria - hungary ]] . renamed the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] on | [[ | 3 october 1929 , it was [[ invasion of yugoslavia | invaded ]] by the [[ axis powers ]] on 6 april 1941 . in 1943 , a democratic federal yugoslavia | ||||
| 23 | hungary ]] . renamed the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] on 3 october 1929 , it was [[ invasion of yugoslavia | invaded ]] by the [[ axis powers ]] on | [[ | 6 april 1941 . in 1943 , a democratic federal yugoslavia was proclaimed by the [[ yugoslav partisans | partisan resistance ]] . in 1944 , the king recognised it as | ||||
| 702589142 | 15 | ]] ) with the formerly independent [[ kingdom of serbia ]] . the serbian royal [[ house of karađorđević ]] became the yugoslav royal dynasty . yugoslavia gained international recognition on | [[ | 13 july ]] [[ 1922 ]] at the [[ conference of ambassadors ]] in [[ paris ]] . < ref > http : / / www . orderofdanilo . org / | |||
| 20 | , following centuries in which the territories had been part of the [[ ottoman empire ]] and [[ austria - hungary ]] . renamed the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] on | [[ | 3 october ]] [[ 1929 ]] , it was [[ invasion of yugoslavia | invaded ]] by the [[ axis powers ]] on [[ 6 april ]] [[ 1941 ]] . | ||||
| 23 | the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] on [[ 3 october ]] [[ 1929 ]] , it was [[ invasion of yugoslavia | invaded ]] by the [[ axis powers ]] on | [[ | 6 april ]] [[ 1941 ]] . in [[ 1943 ]] , a [[ democratic federal yugoslavia ]] was proclaimed by the [[ yugoslav partisans | partisan resistance ]] . in | ||||
| 32 | federal yugoslavia ]] was proclaimed by the [[ yugoslav partisans | partisan resistance ]] . in [[ 1944 ]] , the king recognised it as the legitimate government , but in | [[ | november 1945 ]] the monarchy was abolished . [[ yugoslavia ]] was renamed the [[ federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ]] in [[ 1946 ]] , when a [[ |
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| 255620271 | 0 | dispute ]] ) * {{ mkd }} * {{ mne }} * {{ srb }} * {{ slo }} * [[ image : flag of vojvodina . svg | 25px ]] | [[ vojvodina ]] | the first former yugoslav republic to join the [[ european union ]] was slovenia , which applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004 . croatia applied for membership in | |
| 496199211 | 0 | multiple image | align = right | direction = vertical | width = 210 | header = | image1 = flag of the kingdom of yugoslavia . svg | caption1 = | flag of the [[ kingdom of | yugoslavia at the time of its dissolution , early 1992 | image2 = banovine jugoslavia . png | caption2 = [[ subdivisions of the kingdom of yugoslavia | banovinas ]] of | |
| 656901506 | 1 | / center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of bosnia and herzegovina . svg | 40px ]] | < / center > | | {{ dts | | 1 march 1992 | 6 april 1992 {{ citation needed | date = august 2014 }} | 1 march | - | [[ croatia ]] | [[ zagreb ]] | |
| 5 | flag of croatia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of croatia . svg | 40px ]] | < center > | | {{ dts | | 25 june 1991 | 8 october 1991 {{ citation needed | date = august 2014 }} | 25 june | - | [[ kosovo ]] | [[ pristina ]] | | |
| 9 | flag of kosovo . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of kosovo . svg | 40px ]] | < / center > | | {{ dts | | 17 february 2008 | no official recognition due to [[ international recognition of kosovo | ongoing kosovar sovereignty dispute ]] {{ citation needed | date = august 2014 }} | | |
| 13 | . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of the republic of macedonia . svg | 40px ]] | < / center > | | {{ dts | | 8 september 1991 | 8 april 1993 {{ citation needed | date = august 2014 }} | 8 september | - | [[ montenegro ]] | [[ podgorica ]] | | |
| 17 | flag of montenegro . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of montenegro . svg | 40px ]] | < / center > | | {{ dts | | 21 may 2006 {{ citation needed | date = august 2014 }} | 3 june 2006 {{ citation needed | date = august 2014 }} | 21 may | - | |
| 21 | flag of serbia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of serbia . svg | 40px ]] | < / center > | | {{ dts | | 22 may 2006 {{ citation needed | date = august 2014 }} | 5 june 2006 {{ citation needed | date = august 2014 }} | 15 february | - | |
| 25 | flag of slovenia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : coat of arms of slovenia . svg | 40px ]] | < / center > | | {{ dts | | 25 june 1991 | 7 july 1991 ( after signing the [[ brioni agreement ]] ) | 25 june | } = = = succession , 1992 – 2003 = | |
| 818932945 | 2 | | image _ coat = [[ file : coat of arms of the kingdom of yugoslavia . svg | 70px ]] [[ file : grb jugoslavije . svg | 70px ]] | [[ file : coat of arms of serbia and montenegro . svg | 70px ]] | | symbol = | symbol _ type = | image _ map = yugoslavia location map . svg | image _ map _ caption = | latd = | latm = | |
| 819799425 | 6 | | image _ coat = [[ file : coat of arms of the kingdom of yugoslavia . svg | 70px ]] [[ file : grb jugoslavije . svg | 70px ]] | [[ file : coat of arms of serbia and montenegro . svg | 70px ]] | | symbol = | symbol _ type = | image _ map = history _ of _ yugoslavia . svg | image _ map _ caption = [[ kingdom of yugoslavia | |
| 846863177 | 0 | _ span = 1918 – 1992 | p1 = kingdom of serbia | flag _ p1 = state flag of serbia ( 1882 - 1918 ) . svg | p2 = | state | kingdom | of slovenes , croats and serbs | flag _ p2 = flag of the state of slovenes , croats and serbs . svg | s1 = croatia | flag _ s1 |
| 857748479 | 5 | | image _ coat = [[ file : coat of arms of the kingdom of yugoslavia . svg | 70px ]] [[ file : grb jugoslavije . svg | 70px ]] | | symbol = | symbol _ type = | < / small > | | image _ map = yugoslavia location map . svg | image _ map _ caption = yugoslavia during [[ interwar period ]] and [[ cold war ]] | latd = |
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| 199793330 | 1 | montenegro . svg | montenegro image : flag of serbia . svg | serbia image : flag of slovenia . svg | slovenia image : flag _ of _ kosovo . | svg | | no map of | kosovo ( pending full international recognition ) < / gallery > = = = remaining cultural and ethnic ties = = = the similarity of the languages and the long history |
| 199794579 | 2 | slovenia select , biased or bullying by european countries like germany , france , britain or the u . s . do not speak for the entire planet about kosovo . | no map of | svg | | kosovo is legal thus far . the " territory " not province of kosovo was not legally separated from serbia . any flag , or rcognition thus far is a lie |
| 247935764 | 2 | austrian ]] part , and the crown province of [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] . = = kingdom of yugoslavia = = [[ image : jugo - slavia , 1919 . | png | svg | | thumb | 200px | right | map of yugoslavia in 1919 showing the provisional borders in the [[ aftermath of world war i ]] before the treaties of [[ treaty |
| 318046156 | 21 | | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ novi sad ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of sr serbia . svg | | png | | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : sr serbia coa . png | 40px ]] < / center > | - | | |
| 37 | vojvodina ]] | style = " font - size : 90 % ; " | [[ novi sad ]] | < center > [[ file : flag of sr serbia . | svg | | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : sr serbia coa . png | 40px ]] < / center > | - | | ||
| 400599300 | 7 | > [[ file : banovine kj . jpg | thumb | 250px | right | the kingdom of yugoslavia and its [[ kingdom of yugoslavia # internal divisions | banovinas ]] | png | | thumb | 250px | right | the kingdom of yugoslavia and its [[ kingdom of yugoslavia # internal divisions | banovinas ]] in 1929 ]] {{ main | kingdom of | |
| 32 | < center > [[ coat of arms of the kingdom of yugoslavia | coat of arms ]] < / center > < / gallery > [[ file : banovine kj . | jpg | | thumb | 250px | right | the kingdom of yugoslavia and its [[ kingdom of yugoslavia # internal divisions | banovinas ]] in 1929 ]] {{ main | kingdom of | ||
| 458313071 | 1 | | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} {{ see also | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ file : locationyugoslavia2 . | png | jpg | | thumb | right | 300px | general location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years . ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' |
| 466553797 | 1 | | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} {{ see also | kingdom of yugoslavia | socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} [[ file : yugo3 . | jpg | png | | thumb | right | 300px | general location of the political entities known as yugoslavia . the precise borders varied over the years . ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' |
| 493757717 | 1 | . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : sr serbia coa . | png | svg | | 40px ]] < / center > | style = " width : 4em ; " | < center > [[ file : sfry serbia . png | 60px ]] < |
| 530920330 | 1 | header = | image1 = flag of sfr yugoslavia . svg | caption1 = flag of [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | sfr yugoslavia ]] | image2 = sfryugoslavianumbered . | png | svg | | caption2 = republics and autonomous provinces of sfr yugoslavia }} on 29 november 1945 , while still in exile , [[ king of yugoslavia | king ]] [[ peter ii |
| 568190836 | 2 | use dmy dates | date = october 2012 }} {{ pp - semi | small = yes }} {{ pp - move - indef }} [[ file : location yugoslavia . | png | svg | | thumb | right | 300px | general location of yugoslavia . the italian border changed after world war ii . ]] ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( [[ |
| 583579699 | 1 | center > [[ file : flag of sr slovenia . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : sr slovenia coa . | png | svg | | 40px ]] < / center > | } in 1947 , negotiations between yugoslavia and bulgaria were led and finalized with the [[ bled agreement ]] . the aim of |
| 583581227 | 1 | center > [[ file : flag of sr montenegro . svg | 70px | border ]] < / center > | < center > [[ file : sr montenegro coa . | png | svg | | 40px ]] < / center > | - | [[ socialist republic of serbia ]] : {{ smaller | [[ socialist autonomous province of kosovo ]] }} : {{ smaller |
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| 298091 | 0 | serbia ) , this led to some often bloody civil wars ( [[ croatia ]] , [[ bosnia ]] , [[ kosovo war ]] ) . for more information about the | during most of | the current situation in yugoslavia , see [[ serbia and montenegro ]] , the name under which the republic is currently officially recognised by the [[ united states ]] . < | |
| 6 | bosnia ]] , [[ kosovo war ]] ) . for more information about the current situation in yugoslavia , see [[ serbia and montenegro ]] , the name under which the | continuation of | the republic is currently officially recognised by the [[ united states ]] . < b > [[ country codes | country code ]] ( top level domain ) : < / | ||
| 13 | and macedonia , hungarian in serbia ) , this led to some often bloody civil wars ( [[ croatia ]] , [[ bosnia ]] , [[ kosovo war ]] ) . | for more information about | the current situation in yugoslavia , see [[ serbia and montenegro ]] , the name under which the republic is currently officially recognised by the [[ united states ]] . < | ||
| 600840 | 0 | other eastern and central european communist countries , chose a course independent of the [[ soviet union ]] , and was not a member of the [[ warsaw pact ]] . | the federal socialist republic of yugoslavia ceased to exist on [[ january 15 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] . | after tito ' s death , tension between the various peoples grew , and since [[ 1991 ]] , [[ slovenia ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ bosnia and herzegovina | |
| 627153 | 0 | other eastern and central european communist countries , chose a course independent of the [[ soviet union ]] , and was not a member of the [[ warsaw pact ]] . | the federal socialist republic of yugoslavia ceased to exist on [[ january 15 ]] , [[ 1992 ]] . | after tito ' s death , tension between the various peoples grew , and since [[ 1991 ]] , [[ slovenia ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ bosnia and herzegovina | |
| 631453 | 1 | united nations in [[ 2000 ]] . in [[ 2002 ]] , serbia and montenegro came to a new agreement regarding continued cooperation , which , among other changes , promised | to | the | end the use of the name yugoslavia in favor of ' ' ' [[ serbia and montenegro ]] ' ' ' . < b > [[ country codes | country code |
| 854429 | 4 | albanians | albanians ]] in serbia and f . y . r . o . m . , [[ hungary | hungarian ]] in serbia ) , this led to some | often | bloody civil wars ( [[ croatia / history | croatia ]] , [[ history of bosnia and herzegovina | bosnia ]] , [[ kosovo war ]] ) . < table align | |
| 904667 | 0 | yugoslavia formed in [[ 1918 ]] as the [[ kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ]] , renamed the " kingdom of yugoslavia " in [[ 1929 ]] . after | the | [[ world war ii ]] it became a [[ communism | communist ]] country , ( [[ petar ii karadjordjevic ]] was the last king ) under [[ president ]] [[ | |
| 3 | [[ 1929 ]] . after [[ world war ii ]] it became a [[ communism | communist ]] country , ( [[ petar ii karadjordjevic ]] was the last king ) | on established [[ november 29 ]] [[ 1943 ]] in [[ jajce ]] | under [[ president ]] [[ josip broz tito ]] , but unlike other eastern and central european communist countries , chose a course independent of the [[ soviet union ]] , | ||
| 952944 | 1 | kosovo ]] region * [[ belgrade ]] - the capital of the federal republic of yugoslavia * [[ podgorica ]] * [[ pristina | pri & # 353 ; tina ]] | * [[ nis | ni & # 353 ; ]] | ||
| 1213973 | 4 | republic of yugoslavia | republic of yugoslavia ]] , which exists from 1991 , under names : * * ' ' ' federal republic of yugoslavia ' ' ' , from | 1991 | 1992 | to [[ 2003 ]] , * * ' ' ' serbia and montenegro ' ' ' , from 2003 onward . the rest of this article speaks about federal republic of |
| 1272821 | 1 | federal republic of yugoslavia ' ' ' , from 1992 to [[ 2003 ]] , * * ' ' ' serbia and montenegro ' ' ' , from 2003 onward . | see [[ history of yugoslavia ]] for relation among the three . | the rest of this article speaks about federal republic of yugoslavia . - - - - < div style = " float : right " > [[ image : yugoslavia _ | |
| 1288560 | 1 | which existed from [[ 1918 ]] to [[ 1941 ]] , under names : * * ' ' ' kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ' ' ' , from | [[ | 1918 to [[ 1929 ]] , * * ' ' ' kingdom of yugoslavia ' ' ' from 1929 to 1941 . * [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | socialist | |
| 2 | existed from [[ 1918 ]] to [[ 1941 ]] , under names : * * ' ' ' kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ' ' ' , from 1918 | ]] | to [[ 1929 ]] , * * ' ' ' kingdom of yugoslavia ' ' ' from 1929 to 1941 . * [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | socialist yugoslavia | ||
| 1377773 | 0 | people ' s republic of yugoslavia ' ' ' and again in [[ 1963 ]] to the [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] , under which it existed until [[ | 1991 ]] - [[ | 1992 ]] when its constituent republics [[ slovenia ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] and [[ bosnia - herzegovina ]] separated . as a | |
| 1864765 | 0 | _ flag _ medium . png ]] < br > [[ tricolour ]] of yugoslavia < / center > < / div > ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' is | a | term casually used for three separate political entities . the first was a [[ monarchy | kingdom ]] formed in [[ 1918 ]] under name ' ' ' kingdom of serbs | |
| 1984503 | 6 | [[ world war ii ]] in [[ 1945 ]] under the name ' ' ' democratic federal yugoslavia ' ' ' , which in [[ 1946 ]] changed its name to | the ' ' ' federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ' ' ' and again in [[ 1963 ]] to the ' ' ' [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' , under which it existed until [[ 1991 ]] - | [[ 1992 ]] when four of its six constituent republics [[ slovenia ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] and [[ bosnia - herzegovina ]] | |
| 2158590 | 1 | ' ' ' and in [[ 1963 ]] the ' ' ' [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' , which it was called from [[ 1991 ]] | to | - | [[ 1992 ]] when four of its six constituent republics [[ slovenia ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] and [[ bosnia - herzegovina ]] |
| 2 | in [[ 1963 ]] the ' ' ' [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' , which it was called from [[ 1991 ]] to [[ 1992 ]] | , | when four of its six constituent republics [[ slovenia ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] and [[ bosnia - herzegovina ]] separated . as | ||
| 3 | of its six constituent republics [[ slovenia ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] and [[ bosnia - herzegovina ]] separated . as a result | , | a federation called the ' ' ' federal republic of yugoslavia ' ' ' was formed between the remaining republics of [[ serbia ]] and [[ montenegro ]] , which in | ||
| 2166237 | 0 | [[ tricolour ]] of yugoslavia < / center > < / div > ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' is a term casually used for three separate political entities . | in serbo - croat , it means " land of southern slavs " from elements of jugo ( south ) , and slavia ( slavs ) . | the first was a [[ monarchy | kingdom ]] formed in [[ 1918 ]] as the ' ' ' kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ' ' ' , which | |
| 2184559 | 3 | ' ' is a term casually used for three separate political entities . in serbo - croat , it means " land of southern slavs " from elements of jugo ( | ' ' jug ' ' in ' ' jugoslavija ' ' means | south ) , and slavia ( slavs ) . the first was a [[ monarchy | kingdom ]] formed in [[ 1918 ]] as the ' ' ' kingdom of serbs | |
| 4 | is a term casually used for three separate political entities . in serbo - croat , it means " land of southern slavs " from elements of jugo ( south ) | , and slavia ( slavs ) | . the first was a [[ monarchy | kingdom ]] formed in [[ 1918 ]] as the ' ' ' kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ' ' ' , | ||
| 2184776 | 2 | [[ tricolour ]] of yugoslavia < / center > < / div > ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' is a term casually used for three separate political entities . | translated , | the name is interpreted to mean ' ' land of south slavs ' ' ( ' ' jug ' ' in ' ' jugoslavija ' ' means south ) . the | |
| 3 | ]] of yugoslavia < / center > < / div > ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' is a term casually used for three separate political entities . the name | is interpreted to mean | means | ' ' land of south slavs ' ' ( ' ' jug ' ' in ' ' jugoslavija ' ' means south ) . the first was a [[ monarchy | | |
| 5 | ' ' federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ' ' ' and in [[ 1963 ]] the ' ' ' [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' | . this remained in place until [[ 1992 ]] | , which it was called until [[ 1991 ]] - [[ 1992 ]] , when four of its six constituent republics [[ slovenia ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ republic | ||
| 6 | ' federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ' ' ' and in [[ 1963 ]] the ' ' ' [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' , | by | which it was called until [[ 1991 ]] - [[ 1992 ]] , when four of its six constituent republics [[ slovenia ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ republic of | ||
| 7 | federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ' ' ' and in [[ 1963 ]] the ' ' ' [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' , which | it was called until [[ 1991 ]] - [[ 1992 ]] , when | time | four of its six constituent republics [[ slovenia ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] and [[ bosnia - herzegovina ]] separated . as a | |
| 13 | _ medium . png ]] < br > [[ tricolour ]] of yugoslavia < / center > < / div > ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' is a term | casually | used for three separate political entities . the name is interpreted to mean ' ' land of south slavs ' ' ( ' ' jug ' ' in ' ' jugoslavija | ||
| 2946249 | 0 | . translated , the name means ' ' land of the south slavs ' ' ( ' ' jug ' ' in ' ' jugoslavija ' ' means south ) . | * | the first was a [[ monarchy | kingdom ]] formed in [[ 1918 ]] as the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ]] ' ' ' | |
| 3 | of macedonia | macedonia ]] and [[ bosnia - herzegovina ]] - had seceded . a federation called the ' ' ' federal republic of yugoslavia ' ' ' was formed | in [[ 1991 ]] | between the remaining republics of [[ serbia ]] and [[ montenegro ]] . in [[ 2003 ]] , yugoslavia was officially abolished when the two republics formed a loose commonwealth called | ||
| 3359388 | 2 | ' ' democratic federal yugoslavia ' ' ' , which in [[ 1946 ]] became the ' ' ' federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ' ' ' and in | [[ april 7 ]] | [[ 1963 ]] the ' ' ' [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' . this remained in place until [[ 1992 ]] , by which time four | |
| 4925591 | 0 | seceded . * the third was called ' ' ' [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( fry ) ' ' ' and was formed in [[ 1992 ]] on the | teritorry | territory | of the remaining republics of [[ serbia ]] and [[ montenegro ]] . in [[ 2003 ]] , name yugoslavia was officially abolished when the state was transformed into a loose |
| 6994800 | 2 | ]] ' ' ( ' ' jug ' ' in ' ' jugoslavija ' ' means south ) . = = yugoslavians are troubling switzerland . they should be terminated . | = = | this remained in place until [[ 1992 ]] , by which time four of its six constituent republics - [[ slovenia ]] , [[ croatia ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] and [[ bosnia - herzegovina ]] - had seceded . * the third was called ' ' ' [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( fry ) ' ' ' and was formed in [[ 1992 ]] on the territory of the remaining republics of [[ serbia ]] ( which includes provinces of [[ vojvodina ]] and [[ kosovo ]] ) and [[ montenegro ]] . in [[ 2003 ]] , the name yugoslavia was officially abolished when the state was transformed into a loose commonwealth called [[ serbia and montenegro ]] . see also : [[ history of yugoslavia ]] | = = legacy = = the present - day countries created from the former parts of yugoslavia are : * [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] * [[ croatia ]] * [[ |
| 8640415 | 2 | ]] . in [[ 2003 ]] , the name yugoslavia was officially abolished when the state was transformed into a loose commonwealth called [[ serbia and montenegro ]] . see also | opposed to the treaty and launched a [[ coup d ' état ]] when the king returned on [[ march 27 ]] . army general [[ dusan simovic ]] seized power , arrested the vienna delegation , exiled paul , and instated the 17 - year old crown prince [[ petar ii karadjordjevic | peter ]] as the new king . apparently this defiance infuriated [[ adolf hitler | hitler ]] , so the axis decided to attack both yugoslavia and greece on [[ april 6 ]] . ( as a result , hitler had to delay the launch of [[ operation barbarossa ]] by four weeks , which proved to be a costly decision . ) = = yugoslavia during second world war = = at 05 | : [[ history of yugoslavia ]] = = legacy = = the present - day countries created from the former parts of yugoslavia are : * [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] | |
| 8716078 | 2 | ]] , a [[ croats | croatian ]] member of the [[ communist party of yugoslavia ]] . the nla staged a wide - spread [[ guerrilla ]] campaign , and | central europe . | the germans answered by punishing the civil population . this led to great losses for yugoslavia , approximately one million people ( the [[ demography | demographic ]] loss was 1 | |
| 8718538 | 2 | the [[ communist party of yugoslavia ]] . the nla initiated a [[ guerrilla ]] campaign which developed into the largest resistance army in occupied western and central europe . the | chetniks initially made notable incursions and were supported by the exiled royal government as well as the [[ allies ]] , but later strayed and lost that support , and also with the population . the | german response was to punish the civil population by carrying out reprisal killings and by giving a free hand to the quisling forces of the government of croatia , leading to | |
| 3 | communist party of yugoslavia ]] . the nla initiated a [[ guerrilla ]] campaign which developed into the largest resistance army in occupied western and central europe . the german response | to both of these resistance movements | was to punish the civil population by carrying out reprisal killings and by giving a free hand to the quisling forces of the government of croatia , leading to great civilain | ||
| 16 | ' de facto ' ' rulers on the liberated territories , but also denied supremacy of the old [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] government . westerner attempts to reunite partisans and | the | emigration loyal to the king led to the [[ tito - subasic agreement ]] in june [[ 1944 ]] , however tito was seen as a national hero by the citizens | ||
| 8778698 | 5 | ]] . slovenia and croatia declared independence from yugoslavia in [[ 1991 ]] ; macedonia followed in [[ 1992 ]] together with bosnia - herzegovina , albeit only two out of | its | three constitutive peoples , bosniaks and croats . secession of the new - formed states marked the beginning of the bloody and gruesome [[ yugoslav wars ]] . it started with | |
| 8778717 | 0 | declared their desire to form a new joint kingdom . = = first yugoslavia = = ' ' main article : [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' [[ image : | coashs | peter i karageorgevich | . jpg | framed | right | coat of arms of the kingdom of yugoslavia ]] the goals of the yugoslav committee were partly reached by the end of the [[ |
| 8780980 | 2 | [[ independent state of croatia ]] . this led to great civilian loss of life , principally but not exclusively among the serbs of bosnia and croatia , whose populations provided | the | a large portion of both rebel formations . the current estimate of the [[ demography | demographic ]] loss is 1 , 700 , 000 inviduals or 10 % of the | |
| 9341977 | 0 | over . westerner attempts to reunite the partisans , who denied supremacy of the old government of the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , and the emigration loyal to the king | , | led to the [[ tito - subasic agreement ]] in june [[ 1944 ]] , however tito was seen as a national hero by the citizens and so he gained the | |
| 9383013 | 2 | extraordinary 14th congress of the [[ league of communists of yugoslavia ]] was convened . the delegation of serbia led by milo & # 353 ; evi & # 263 ; | , | insisted on the reversal of 1974 constitution policy that empowered the republics and rather wanted to introduce a policy of " one person , one vote " , which would empower | |
| 3 | croatian delegations ( led by [[ milan kucan | milan ku & # 269 ; an ]] and [[ ivica racan | ivica ra & # 269 ; an ]] , | resp . | respectively | ) , which instead favored more economic liberalization ( such as [[ perestroika ]] ) , to leave the congress in protest , and marked a culmination in the rift of | |
| 4 | by [[ milan kucan | milan ku & # 269 ; an ]] and [[ ivica racan | ivica ra & # 269 ; an ]] , resp . ) , | which | who | instead favored more economic liberalization ( such as [[ perestroika ]] ) , to leave the congress in protest , and marked a culmination in the rift of the ruling party | |
| 20 | ]] ) and bosnia ( [[ bogic bogicevic | bogi & # 263 ; bogi & # 263 ; evi & # 263 ; ]] ) voted against . the tie | somewhat | delayed escalation of conflicts , but not for long . following the first multi - party election results , republics of slovenia and croatia proposed to transform yugoslavia into loose confederation | ||
| 9469448 | 1 | 269 ; an ]] , respectively ) , who instead favored more economic liberalization , to leave the congress in protest . following the " [[ fall of communism ]] " | in | the rest of [[ eastern europe ]] , each of the republics elected a new government democratically , but the unresolved issues remained . in particular , slovenia and croatia elected | |
| 9705862 | 0 | ]] the nation changed its official name to [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] and [[ josip broz tito | tito ]] was named [[ president for life ]] . | [[ image : balkans02 . jpg | thumb | right | former yugoslavia map ]] | in sfry , each republic had its own constitution , supreme court , parliament , president and prime minister . at the top of the yugoslav government was a collective presidency | |
| 10662657 | 6 | this defiance infuriated [[ adolf hitler | hitler ]] , so the axis decided to attack both yugoslavia and greece on [[ april 6 ]] . ( as a result , | hitler had to delay | the launch of [[ operation barbarossa ]] by four weeks , which proved to be a costly decision . ) = = yugoslavia during the second world war = = at | |
| 11322803 | 0 | an armistice with germany at belgrade , ending eleven days of resistance against the invading german wehrmacht . more than three hundred thousand yugoslav officers and soldiers were taken prisoner . | [[ image : jasenovac1 . jpg | thumb | in the [[ independent state of croatia ]] , serbs and gypsies were marched to the [[ jasenovac concentration camp ]] ]] | the [[ axis powers ]] occupied yugoslavia and split it up . the [[ independent state of croatia ]] was established as a nazi puppet - state , ruled by the | |
| 12429233 | 4 | jajce ]] and established the basis for post - war organisation of the country , establishing a federation ( this date was celebrated as republic day after the war ) . | no representative of the ethnic bulgarian majority of vardar macedonia was present at that council , although it provided for this region to become part and parcel of post - war yugoslavia . with the help of the soviet and bulgarian armies , | the nla was able to expel the axis from serbia in [[ 1944 ]] and the rest of yugoslavia in [[ 1945 ]] . the [[ red army ]] aided in | |
| 12432682 | 5 | jajce ]] and established the basis for post - war organisation of the country , establishing a federation ( this date was celebrated as republic day after the war ) . | no representative of the ethnic bulgarian majority of vardar macedonia was present at that council , although it provided for this region to become part and parcel of post - war yugoslavia . with the help of the soviet and bulgarian armies , | the nla was able to expel the axis from serbia in [[ 1944 ]] and the rest of yugoslavia in [[ 1945 ]] . the [[ red army ]] aided in | |
| 13165072 | 0 | in [[ dayton , ohio ]] , with the so - called [[ dayton agreement ]] . after some years of peace , in [[ 1998 ]] , [[ uck ]] | , an albanian terrorist group , | started terrorist actions in the southern serbian province . in [[ 1999 ]] nato bombed serbia and montenegro for more than two months ( see [[ kosovo war ]] ) . | |
| 13171271 | 2 | in [[ dayton , ohio ]] , with the so - called [[ dayton agreement ]] . after some years of peace , in [[ 1998 ]] , [[ uck ]] | , an albanian terrorist group , | started terrorist actions in the southern serbian province . in [[ 1999 ]] nato bombed serbia and montenegro for more than two months ( see [[ kosovo war ]] ) . | |
| 13207640 | 0 | with [[ united states | u . s . ]] - sponsored peace talks in [[ dayton , ohio ]] , with the so - called [[ dayton agreement ]] . | after some years of peace , | starting in [[ 1996 ]] , the albanian organization [[ kosovo liberation army ]] started terrorist actions in the southern serbian province . the situation worsened , with the serbian reaction | |
| 13672323 | 10 | block and together with other countries started the [[ non - aligned movement ]] in [[ 1961 ]] , which remained the official policy of the country until it dissolved . | on [[ april 7 ]] , [[ 1963 ]] the nation changed its official name to [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] and [[ josip broz tito | tito ]] was named [[ president for life ]] . [[ image : balkans02 . jpg | thumb | right | former yugoslavia map ]] in sfry , each republic and province had its own constitution , supreme court , parliament , president and prime minister . at the top of the yugoslav government was a collective presidency , the federal prime minister , and the federal parliament . an important role was one of the president of the [[ communist party of yugoslavia ]] for each republic and province , and the president of presidency of central committee of the communist party . josip broz tito was the most powerful person in the country , and after him there were republic and province premiers and presidents , plus communist party presidents . people whom he did not favor varied greatly . slobodan penezi & # 263 ; kr & # 269 ; un served under tito and then after he started to complain about tito ' s politics , he was found dead under unknown circumstances . aleksandar rankovi & # 263 ; lost all of his titles and rights after a major disagreement with tito regarding state politics . sometimes ministers in government were more important than the premier , such as in the case of [[ edvard kardelj ]] or [[ stane dolanc ]] . the suppression of national identities escalated with the so - called [[ croatian spring ]] of 1970 - 71 , when students in zagreb organized demonstrations for greater civil liberties and greater croatian autonomy . the regime stifled the public protest and incarcerated the leaders , but many key croatian representatives in the party silently supported this cause , so a new [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution ]] was ratified in [[ 1974 ]] that gave more rights to the individual republics and provinces . according to this constitution , individual republics had a right for self - determination , up to secession , which made later break - up easier . = = = breakup = = = after tito ' s death in [[ 1980 ]] , ethnic tensions grew in yugoslavia . some members of the [[ serbian academy of sciences and arts ]] drafted a memorandum in the 1980s that opposed the policy of the federation and promoted serbian nationalism . the [[ albanians | ethnic albanian ]] miners in [[ kosovo ]] organized strikes which dovetailed into ethnic conflict between the albanian majority and the serbian minority in the province . serbian [[ communist ]] leader [[ slobodan milosevic | slobodan milo & # 353 ; evi & # 263 ; ]] , the new strong man of yugoslavia , tried to play on the revived serb nationalism , but ended up alienating all the other ethnic groups in the federation . autonomy of [[ vojvodina ]] and of [[ kosovo | kosovo and metohija ]] was reduced , though both entities retained a vote in the yugoslav presidency council . [[ image : smilo . jpg | frame | left | milo & # 353 ; evi & # 263 ; ]] in january [[ 1990 ]] , the extraordinary 14th congress of the [[ league of communists of yugoslavia ]] was convened . the serbian delegation , led by milo & # 353 ; evi & # 263 ; , insisted on the reversal of 1974 constitution policy that empowered the republics and rather wanted to introduce a policy of " one person , one vote " , which would empower the majority population , the serbs . this caused the slovenian and croatian delegations ( led by [[ milan kucan | milan ku & # 269 ; an ]] and [[ ivica racan | ivica ra & # 269 ; an ]] , respectively ) , who instead favored more economic liberalization ( such as [[ perestroika ]] ) , to leave the congress in protest . following the " [[ fall of communism ]] " in the rest of [[ eastern europe ]] , each of the republics elected a new government democratically , but the unresolved issues remained . in particular , slovenia and croatia elected governments oriented towards independence ( under [[ milan kucan | milan ku & # 269 ; an ]] and [[ franjo tudjman | franjo tu & # 273 ; man ]] , respectively ) , while serbia and montenegro elected candidates who favoured yugoslav unity . in march [[ 1990 ]] , the [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] ( jugoslovenska narodna armija , jna ) met with the presidency of yugoslavia ( an eight member council composed of representatives from six republics and two autonomous provinces ) in an attempt to get them to declare a [[ state of emergency ]] which would allow for the army to take control of the country . the representatives of serbia , montenegro , kosovo - metohija , and vojvodina voted for the decision , while croatia ( [[ stjepan mesic | stipe mesi & # 263 ; ]] ) , slovenia ( [[ janez drnovsek | janez drnov & # 353 ; ek ]] ) , macedonia ( [[ vasil tupurkovski ]] ) and bosnia ( [[ bogic bogicevic | bogi & # 263 ; bogi & # 263 ; evi & # 263 ; ]] ) voted against . the tie delayed an escalation of conflicts , but not for long . following the first multi - party election results , the republics of slovenia and croatia proposed transforming yugoslavia into a loose confederation of six republics in the autumn of 1990 , however [[ slobodan milosevic | milo & # 353 ; evi & # 263 ; ]] rejected all such proposals , arguing that all serbs should live in the same country . slovenia and croatia declared independence from yugoslavia in [[ 1991 ]] ; macedonia followed in [[ 1992 ]] . bosnia and herzegovina held a referendum on independence in the same year ; this vote was boycotted by the sizeable serb minority there , which advocated continued union with yugoslavia . heavy pro - independence sentiment among bosnians muslims and croats resulted in a yes vote in the referendum , and the republic ' s government declared its independence . secession of the newly - formed states marked the beginning of the bloody [[ yugoslav wars ]] . these began with a short war in slovenia and continued with a war in croatia in [[ 1991 ]] and in bosnia in [[ 1992 ]] . as a result of the conflict , the [[ united nations security council ]] unanimously adopted [[ un security council resolution 721 ]] on [[ november 27 ]] , 1991 , which paved the way to the establishment of [[ peacekeeping ]] operations in yugoslavia . [ http : / / www . nato . int / ifor / un / u911127a . htm ] = = federal republic of yugoslavia = = [[ image : yugoslaviamap . png | frame | the federal republic of yugoslavia consisted of serbia and montenegro . ]] the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia officially ceased to exist on [[ april 28 ]] , 1992 , when the [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( fry ) was formed . other dates that are frequently considered as the end of sfry are [[ june 25 ]] , 1991 , when slovenia declared independence , [[ october 9 ]] , 1991 , when the [[ moratorium ]] on slovenian and croatian secession , agreed on [[ july 9 ]] at brioni ( see detailed entry at [[ brioni agreement ]] ) by representatives of all republics , was ended and [[ january 15 ]] , 1992 , when slovenia and croatia were internationally recognized . the war in the western parts of former yugoslavia ended in [[ 1995 ]] with [[ united states | u . s . ]] - sponsored peace talks in [[ dayton , ohio ]] , with the so - called [[ dayton agreement ]] . starting in [[ 1996 ]] , the albanian organization [[ kosovo liberation army ]] started terrorist actions in the southern serbian province . the situation worsened , with the serbian reaction in form of police intervention and similar militia activity , to the point that there was widespread violence and emigration . following the [[ racak incident ]] and unsuccessful [[ rambouillet agreement ]] in the early months of [[ 1999 ]] , nato proceeded to bombard serbia and montenegro for more than two months , until the milo & # 353 ; evi & # 263 ; government submitted to their demands and withdrew its forces from kosovo . see [[ kosovo war ]] for more information . since june 1999 , the province has been governed by peace - keeping forces from nato and [[ russia ]] , although all parties continue to recognize it as a part of serbia . milo & # 353 ; evi & # 263 ; ' s rejection of claims of a first - round opposition victory in new elections for the federal presidency in september [[ 2000 ]] led to mass demonstrations in belgrade on october 5 and the collapse of the regime ' s authority . the opposition ' s candidate , reformed [[ nationalist ]] [[ vojislav kostunica | vojislav ko & # 353 ; tunica ]] took office as yugoslav president on [[ october 6 ]] . on [[ april 1 ]] , [[ 2001 ]] , milo & # 353 ; evi & # 263 ; was arrested on charges of abuse of power and corruption . on [[ june 28 ]] he was extradited to the [[ united nations ]] [[ international criminal tribunal for the former yugoslavia ]] . his trial on charges of [[ genocide ]] in bosnia and war crimes in croatia and in kosovo and metohija began at [[ the hague ]] on [[ february 12 ]] , [[ 2002 ]] . on [[ april 11 ]] , the yugoslav parliament passed a law allowing extradition of all persons charged with war crimes by the international criminal tribunal . in march 2002 , the governments of serbia and montenegro agreed to reform fry in favour of a new , much weaker form of cooperation called [[ serbia and montenegro ]] . by order of yugoslav federal parliament on [[ february 4 ]] , [[ 2003 ]] , yugoslavia ceased to exist . = = further reading = = * chan , adrian : ' ' free to choose : a teacher ' s resource and activity guide to revolution and reform in eastern europe ' ' . stanford , ca : spice , 1991 . ed 351 248 . * clark , ramsey : ' ' nato in the balkans : voices of opposition ' ' . international action center , 1998 . * cohen , lenard j . : ' ' broken bonds : the disintegration of yugoslavia ' ' . boulder , co : westview press , 1993 . * dragnich , alex n . : ' ' serbs and croats . the struggle in yugoslavia ' ' . new york : harcourt brace jovanovich , 1992 . * gutman , roy . : ' ' a witness to genocide . the 1993 pulitzer prize - winning dispatches on the " ethnic cleansing " of bosnia ' ' . new york : macmillan , 1993 . * harris , judy j . : ' ' yugoslavia today ' ' . southern social studies journal 16 ( fall 1990 ) : 78 - 101 . ej 430 520 . * jelavich , barbara : ' ' history of the balkans : eighteenth and nineteenth centuries ' ' , volume 1 . new york : american council of learned societies , 1983 . ed 236 093 . * jelavich , barbara : ' ' history of the balkans : twentieth century ' ' , volume 2 . new york : american council of learned societies , 1983 . ed 236 094 . * johnstone , diana : ' ' fools & # 8217 ; crusade : yugoslavia , nato , and western delusions ' ' . monthly review press , 2002 . * owen , david : ' ' balkan odyssey ' ' . harcourt ( harvest book ) , 1997 . * sacco , joe : ' ' safe area gorazde : the war in eastern bosnia 1992 - 1995 ' ' . fantagraphics books , january , 2002 . * [[ rebecca west | west , rebecca ]] : ' ' black lamb and gray falcon : a journey through yugoslavia ' ' . viking , 1941 . = = legacy = = the present - day countries created from the former parts of yugoslavia are : * [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] * [[ croatia ]] * [[ republic of macedonia ]] * [[ serbia and montenegro ]] * [[ slovenia ]] the first former yugoslav republic that joined the [[ european union ]] was slovenia which applied in [[ 1996 ]] and became a member in [[ 2004 ]] . croatia applied for membership in [[ 2003 ]] , and could join before [[ 2010 ]] . macedonia applied in 2004 , and will probably join by 2010 - [[ 2015 ]] . the remaining three republics have yet to apply so their acceptance generally isn ' t expected before 2015 . see also : [[ enlargement of the european union ]] = = miscellaneous = = [[ asteroid ]] [[ 1554 yugoslavia ]] was discovered by [[ milorad b . protitch ]] and named after yugoslavia . = = see also = = * [[ history of the balkans ]] * [[ history of europe ]] = = references = = * {{ loc }} - [ http : / / lcweb2 . loc . gov / frd / cs / yutoc . html yugoslavia ] = = external links = = * [ http : / / www . ericdigests . org / 1995 - 2 / bosnia . htm teaching about conflict and crisis in the former yugoslavia ] * [ http : / / www . vojska . net vojska . net - covering wars in former yugoslavia ] * [ http : / / www . ohr . int / ohr - info / maps / maps ] [[ category : yugoslavia | * ]] [[ category : former countries ]] [[ ar : & # 1610 ; & # 1608 ; & # 1594 ; & # 1608 ; & # 1587 ; & # 1604 ; & # 1575 ; & # 1601 ; & # 1610 ; & # 1575 ; ]] [[ da : jugoslavien ]] [[ de : jugoslawien ]] [[ et : jugoslaavia ]] [[ fr : yougoslavie ]] [[ ko : & # 50976 ; & # 44256 ; & # 49836 ; & # 46972 ; & # 48708 ; & # 50500 ; ]] [[ hr : jugoslavija ]] [[ io : yugoslavia ]] [[ it : jugoslavia ]] [[ he : & # 1497 ; & # 1493 ; & # 1490 ; & # 1493 ; & # 1505 ; & # 1500 ; & # 1489 ; & # 1497 ; & # 1492 ; ]] [[ lv : dienvidsl & # 257 ; vija ]] [[ mk : & # 1032 ; & # 1091 ; & # 1075 ; & # 1086 ; & # 1089 ; & # 1083 ; & # 1072 ; & # 1074 ; & # 1080 ; & # 1112 ; & # 1072 ; ]] [[ nl : joegoslavië ]] [[ ja : & # 12518 ; & # 12540 ; & # 12468 ; & # 12473 ; & # 12521 ; & # 12499 ; & # 12450 ; ]] [[ pl : jugos & # 322 ; awia ]] [[ ru : & # 1070 ; & # 1075 ; & # 1086 ; & # 1089 ; & # 1083 ; & # 1072 ; & # 1074 ; & # 1080 ; & # 1103 ; ]] [[ sk : juhoslávia ]] [[ sl : jugoslavija ]] [[ sr : & # 1032 ; & # 1091 ; & # 1075 ; & # 1086 ; & # 1089 ; & # 1083 ; & # 1072 ; & # 1074 ; & # 1080 ; & # 1112 ; & # 1072 ; ]] [[ fi : jugoslavia ]] [[ sv : jugoslavien ]] [[ zh : & # 21335 ; & # 26031 ; & # 25289 ; & # 22827 ; ]] | ||
| 15457341 | 2 | central europe . the chetniks initially made notable incursions and were supported by the exiled royal government as well as the [[ allies ]] , but later strayed and lost that | chetniks were helping germans they ceased to | support , and also with the population . the german response to both of these resistance movements was to punish the civil population by carrying out reprisal killings and by giving | |
| 19428879 | 4 | and started to build its own way to [[ socialism ]] under strong political leadership of [[ josip broz tito ]] . the country criticized both eastern and western block and | , | together with other countries started the [[ non - aligned movement ]] in [[ 1961 ]] , which remained the official policy of the country until it dissolved . on [[ | |
| 20116727 | 0 | [[ josip broz tito ]] . the country criticized both [[ eastern bloc | eastern ]] and [[ western bloc | western bloc ]] nations and , together with other countries | . | , | started the [[ non - aligned movement ]] in [[ 1961 ]] , which remained the official affiliation of the country until it dissolved . on [[ april 7 ]] , |
| 20718541 | 2 | peter ii of yugoslavia | peter ii ]] , was a child , so power fell into the hands of the ineffectual [[ prince paul of yugoslavia | prince paul ]] | ( pavle ) | , who continued on an authoritarian path with the prime minister [[ milan stojadinovi & # 263 ; ]] . in the beginning of [[ world war ii ]] , yugoslavia | |
| 22506196 | 4 | yugoslavia . heavy pro - independence sentiment among bosnians muslims and croats resulted in a yes vote in the referendum , and the republic ' s government declared its independence . | . | secession of the newly - formed states marked the beginning of the bloody [[ yugoslav wars ]] . these began with a short war in slovenia and continued with a war | |
| 22950965 | 0 | [[ montenegro ]] , * [[ serbia ]] and * [[ slovenia ]] ( republics ) ; * [[ vojvodina ]] and * [[ kosovo ]] ( autonomous provinces ) . | [[ vojvodina ]] and [[ kosovo ]] are part of the republic of [[ serbia ]] . | the country distanced itself from the soviets in [[ 1948 ]] ( cf . [[ cominform ]] and [[ informbiro ]] ) and started to build its own way to [[ | |
| 25770344 | 0 | ]] the nation changed its official name to [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] and [[ josip broz tito | tito ]] was named [[ president for life ]] . | [[ image : balkans02 . jpg | thumb | right | former yugoslavia map ]] | in sfry , each republic and province had its own internal constitution , supreme court , parliament , president and prime minister . at the top of the yugoslav government was | |
| 27204598 | 0 | the kingdom of serbia subsequently signed the [[ corfu declaration ]] on [[ july 20 ]] , [[ 1917 ]] that declared their desire to form a new joint kingdom . | basically , you better watch out because soon yugoslavians will rule the world . they will own you . | = = the first yugoslavia = = ' ' main article : [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' the goals of the yugoslav committee were partly reached by the end | |
| 27205552 | 0 | the kingdom of serbia subsequently signed the [[ corfu declaration ]] on [[ july 20 ]] , [[ 1917 ]] that declared their desire to form a new joint kingdom . | basically , you better watch out because soon yugoslavians will rule the world . they will own you . | = = the first yugoslavia = = ' ' main article : [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' the goals of the yugoslav committee were partly reached by the end | |
| 27573257 | 1 | sk : juhoslávia ]] [[ sl : jugoslavija ]] [[ sr : југославија ]] [[ fi : jugoslavia ]] [[ sv : jugoslavien ]] [[ zh : 南斯拉夫 ]] comments : | i the so called clerics in the first paragraph had no power in the yugoslav republics , in fact it wasn ' t untill mid seventies that yugoslavia signed an aggreement with the vatican , stating that catholic religious belief will no longer be persecuted . the communist country really did cease to openly persecute catholics , but they were forced into hiding with measures within the public companies , which would not hire or keep on anyone who openly professed their catholic faith . beeing a socialist country , all the companies ( until the 80s ) within yugoslavia were public . the orthodox were not persecuted although not encouraged even though a vast majority of the serbs were orthodox and at the same time - communist , unfortunately the muslims both in kosovo and macedonia as well as bosnia were still persecuted and even killed . this silent civil war raged all through the second yugoslav period , and is raging still in macedonia and kosovo . ii it was in fact the people of the republics of slovenia and croatia , who decided that the vote of the republic of serbia in the yugoslav parliament should count as one vote and that the president of one republic , that beeing slobodan milosevic who was in fact only president of serbia can not decide for everyone . that is how the croat , slovene and bosnian votes should have outweighed his lone vote . it was in milosevic ' s nature to pose as the big leader of yugoslavia even though the president of the federation was in fact janez drnovsek . milosevic was defending the so called big serbia . an idea of the late 19th and ( especially ) early 20th century which states that yugoslavia is in fact big serbia , and that no other ethnicity within it compares in size and should therefore compare in power . in this respect it is neccessary to mention that in the original constitution of yugoslavia , that was written during and after world war ii the rights of decision of each separate nation to leave the federacy are unquestionable . iii also the yugoslav national army held high power within the second yugoslavia before the constitution of 1974 , part of which was also the parting of republic ' s police forces from the yugoslav national army and forming of military teritorial defences ( to ) in separate republics respectively . the yugoslav national army was in fact losing its former power in comparison to pre - 1974 yugoslavia . iv it should also be taken into perspective that bosnia and herzegovina was one republic populated by three religious groups : catholic , orthodox and muslims . the first two are usually called simply croatian and serbian , but the last one comprised of both of these ethnic groups is simply refered to as muslim for a lack of better name . in the second yugoslavia they were referred to as muslims as well , and hence not recognized as a nationality , but rather as a religious minority in respect to other religions within the sfrj ( socialist federative republic of yugoslavia ) and as such ( comment i ) persecuted . | ||
| 30227906 | 0 | {st@rt} ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( ' ' jugoslavija ' ' in all [[ south slavic languages ]] , in cyrillic ' ' југославија ' ' ) | and laura and ashlyn are the queens of the whole country | is a term used for three separate but successive political entities that existed during most of the [[ 20th century ]] on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in [[ europe ]] | |
| 30227976 | 0 | {st@rt} ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( ' ' jugoslavija ' ' in all [[ south slavic languages ]] , in cyrillic ' ' југославија ' ' ) | and laura and ashlyn are the queens of the whole country | is a term used for three separate but successive political entities that existed during most of the [[ 20th century ]] on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in [[ europe ]] | |
| 30228487 | 0 | {st@rt} laura and ashlyn and brooke are kool cuz | she is | they are | the the queen ! ! ! ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( ' ' jugoslavija ' ' in all [[ south slavic languages ]] , in cyrillic ' ' |
| 30259107 | 0 | name means ' ' land of the south [[ slavs ]] ' ' ( ' ' jug ' ' in the word ' ' jugoslavija ' ' means south ) . | * the ruler of yugoslavia is laura ! ! ! she is so awesome that the people of yugoslavia voted her to royalty ! ! ! | * the first was a [[ monarchy | kingdom ]] formed in [[ 1918 ]] as the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ]] ' ' | |
| 30259156 | 0 | name means ' ' land of the south [[ slavs ]] ' ' ( ' ' jug ' ' in the word ' ' jugoslavija ' ' means south ) . | * the ruler of yugoslavia is laura ! ! ! she is so awesome that the people of yugoslavia voted her to royalty ! ! ! | * the first was a [[ monarchy | kingdom ]] formed in [[ 1918 ]] as the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ]] ' ' | |
| 30259226 | 0 | name means ' ' land of the south [[ slavs ]] ' ' ( ' ' jug ' ' in the word ' ' jugoslavija ' ' means south ) . | * laura giunta is the ruler of yugoslavia ! ! ! | * the first was a [[ monarchy | kingdom ]] formed in [[ 1918 ]] as the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ]] ' ' | |
| 30259282 | 0 | name means ' ' land of the south [[ slavs ]] ' ' ( ' ' jug ' ' in the word ' ' jugoslavija ' ' means south ) . | * laura giunta is the ruler of yugoslavia ! ! ! | * the first was a [[ monarchy | kingdom ]] formed in [[ 1918 ]] as the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ]] ' ' | |
| 30266270 | 0 | kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' in [[ 1929 ]] and existed under that name until it was invaded in [[ 1941 ]] by the [[ axis powers ]] . | * laura giunta is the current ruler and undercover queen of yugoslavia . | * the second was a [[ socialist state ]] established immediately after [[ world war ii ]] in [[ 1945 ]] as ' ' democratic federation of yugoslavia ( dfy ) | |
| 30266304 | 0 | {st@rt} ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( ' ' jugoslavija ' ' in all [[ south slavic languages ]] , in cyrillic ' ' југославија ' ' ) | and david is soooo cool i luv him | is a term used for three separate but successive political entities that existed during most of the [[ 20th century ]] on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in [[ europe ]] | |
| 30266737 | 0 | {st@rt} ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( ' ' jugoslavija ' ' in all [[ south slavic languages ]] , in cyrillic ' ' југославија ' ' ) | and david is soooo cool i luv him | is a term used for three separate but successive political entities that existed during most of the [[ 20th century ]] on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in [[ europe ]] | |
| 30275074 | 1 | croatia ]] * [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] * [[ montenegro ]] * [[ serbia ]] * [[ slovenia ]] and within serbia ' s new reduced borders , | where | the people of the following two regions were granted limited autonomous rights : * [[ vojvodina ]] * [[ kosovo ]] in 1974 , the two provinces of vojvodina and kosovo | |
| 4 | * [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] * [[ montenegro ]] * [[ serbia ]] * [[ slovenia ]] and within serbia ' s new reduced borders , the people | of the following two regions | were granted limited autonomous rights : * [[ vojvodina ]] * [[ kosovo ]] in 1974 , the two provinces of vojvodina and kosovo as well as the republics of bosnia | ||
| 30298958 | 2 | ]] * [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] * [[ montenegro ]] * [[ serbia ]] * [[ slovenia ]] and two separate provinces of yugoslavia , where the people | of the following two regions | were granted limited autonomous rights : * [[ vojvodina ]] - mainly hungarian * [[ kosovo ]] - annexed from albania in 1910 in 1974 , the two provinces of vojvodina | |
| 30443362 | 0 | kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' in [[ 1929 ]] and existed under that name until it was invaded in [[ 1941 ]] by the [[ axis powers ]] . | * laura giunta is the current ruler and undercover queen of yugoslavia . | * the second was a [[ socialist state ]] established immediately after [[ world war ii ]] in [[ 1945 ]] as ' ' democratic federation of yugoslavia ( dfy ) | |
| 31974664 | 0 | {st@rt} | ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( ' ' jugoslavija ' ' in all [[ south slavic languages ]] , in cyrillic ' ' југославија ' ' ) | poop | is a term used for three separate but successive political entities that existed during most of the [[ 20th century ]] on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in [[ europe ]] |
| 32922260 | 0 | western and central europe . the chetniks initially made notable incursions and were supported by the exiled royal government as well as the [[ allies ]] , but soon started to | [[ collaboration | | collaborate with axis powers against nla . after allies realised that chetniks were helping germans they ceased to support them . the german response to resistance movement was to punish the | |
| 10 | of yugoslavia in 1945 . the [[ red army ]] aided in liberating [[ belgrade ]] as well as some other territories , but withdrew after the war was over . | in may 1945 , nla met with allied forces outside former yugoslav borders , after taking over also [[ trieste ]] and parts of [[ austria | austrian ]] southern provinces [[ styria ]] and [[ carinthia ]] . this was the territory populated predominantly by [[ slovenians ]] ( and croats in [[ istria ]] ) . | westerner attempts to reunite the partisans , who denied supremacy of the old government of the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , and the emigration loyal to the king , led | ||
| 33668628 | 1 | [[ kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ]] ' ' ' , which was re - named the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' in | [[ january 6 ]] , | 1929 and existed under that name until it was invaded in 1941 by the [[ axis powers ]] . * the second was a [[ socialist state ]] established immediately after | |
| 33684647 | 0 | , 1929 and existed under that name until it was invaded in [[ april 6 ]] , 1941 by the [[ axis powers ]] . capitulated only 11 days after , | it | stopped exist [[ april 17 ]] , 1941 . * the second was a [[ socialist state ]] established immediately after [[ world war ii ]] in [[ november 29 ]] | |
| 33738425 | 10 | = after tito ' s death in 1980 , ethnic tensions grew in yugoslavia . some members of the [[ serbian academy of sciences and arts ]] drafted a memorandum in | the 1980s | [[ 1986 ]] | that opposed the policy of the federation and promoted serbian nationalism in response to the growing influence of the clerics chielfy in croatia and slovenia who were now working towards luring |
| 37 | the [[ albanians | ethnic albanian ]] miners in [[ kosovo ]] organized strikes which dovetailed into ethnic conflict between the albanians and the non - albanians in the province . | by this time , the albanians had become | the largest ethnic group with over 90 % of the population . the principle slavs , mainly serbs , were fast reducing in size and would by 1999 be as little | ||
| 39 | empower the majority population , the serbs . this caused the slovenian and croatian delegations ( led by [[ milan kučan ]] and [[ ivica račan ]] , respectively ) , | who instead | favored more economic liberalization , to leave the congress in protest . following the fall of the soviet union in the rest of [[ eastern europe ]] , each of the | ||
| 34035074 | 19 | with [[ united states | u . s . ]] - sponsored peace talks in [[ dayton , ohio ]] , with the so - called [[ dayton agreement ]] . | starting | in 1996 , the albanian organization [[ kosovo liberation army ]] started terrorist actions in the southern serbian province . the yugoslav reaction resulted in a large number of civilian deaths | |
| 34241700 | 22 | . in these areas , the independence referendum was boycotted . heavy pro - independence sentiment among bosnians muslims and croats resulted in a turn - out of around 64 % | {{ ref | malcolm }} , however yes vote by 2 / 3 | of the population was needed . the republic ' s government declared its independence on [[ 5 april ]] , and the serbs immediately declared the independence of republika srpska . | |
| 35058477 | 0 | republics and provinces . according to this constitution , individual republics had a right for self - determination , up to secession , which made later break - up easier . | = = = breakup = = = what the fuck . | ' ' ' dude ' ' ' bold text ' ' ' | the principle slavs , mainly serbs , were fast reducing in size and would by 1999 be as little as 10 % of the two million population . serbian [[ communist |
| 35058510 | 0 | republics and provinces . according to this constitution , individual republics had a right for self - determination , up to secession , which made later break - up easier . | ' ' ' dude ' ' ' bold text ' ' ' | = = = breakup = = = after tito ' s death in 1980 , ethnic tensions grew in yugoslavia . some members of the [[ serbian academy of sciences and arts ]] drafted a memorandum in [[ 1986 ]] that opposed the policy of the federation and promoted serbian nationalism in response to the perceived weak position of serbia in the federation . the [[ albanians | ethnic albanian ]] miners in [[ kosovo ]] organized strikes which dovetailed into ethnic conflict between the albanians and the non - albanians in the province . in the 1980s , the albanians were the largest ethnic group in kosovo with over 90 % of the population . | the principle slavs , mainly serbs , were fast reducing in size and would by 1999 be as little as 10 % of the two million population . serbian [[ communist |
| 35562893 | 2 | translated , the name means ' ' land of the south [[ slavs ]] ' ' ( ' ' jug ' ' in the word and yugoslavia was my homeland and | slovenes ]] ' ' ' , which was re - named the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' in [[ january 6 ]] , 1929 and existed under that name until | it rocks so there u weirdos . capitulated only 11 days after , it ceased to exist [[ april 17 ]] , 1941 . * the second was a [[ socialist | |
| 36430900 | 0 | means ' ' land of the south [[ slavs ]] ' ' ( ' ' jug ' ' in the word ' ' jugoslavija ' ' means south ) . * | queen - morgannie king - patrittaw | the first was a [[ monarchy | kingdom ]] formed in [[ december 1 ]] , 1918 as the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ]] | |
| 36430926 | 0 | means ' ' land of the south [[ slavs ]] ' ' ( ' ' jug ' ' in the word ' ' jugoslavija ' ' means south ) . * | queen - morgannie king - patrittaw | the first was a [[ monarchy | kingdom ]] formed in [[ december 1 ]] , 1918 as the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ]] | |
| 37026449 | 0 | name means ' ' land of the south [[ slavs ]] ' ' ( ' ' jug ' ' in the word ' ' jugoslavija ' ' means south ) . | shoe | * the first was a [[ monarchy | kingdom ]] formed in [[ december 1 ]] , 1918 as the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes | |
| 37026464 | 0 | name means ' ' land of the south [[ slavs ]] ' ' ( ' ' jug ' ' in the word ' ' jugoslavija ' ' means south ) . | shoe | * the first was a [[ monarchy | kingdom ]] formed in [[ december 1 ]] , 1918 as the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes | |
| 37621657 | 0 | almost as though the two republics were independent . furthermore , customs have been established along the traditional border crossings between the two republics . = = further reading = = | * allcock , john b . explaining yugoslavia . | * chan , adrian : ' ' free to choose : a teacher ' s resource and activity guide to revolution and reform in eastern europe ' ' . stanford , | |
| 40087242 | 0 | {st@rt} | ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( ' ' jugoslavija ' ' in all [[ south slavic languages ]] , in [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] and [[ serbian language | serbian ]] cyrillic ' ' југославија ' ' ) is a term used for three separate but successive political entities that existed | d | during most of the 20th century on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in [[ europe ]] . translated , the name means ' ' land of the south [[ slavs ]] |
| 40087311 | 0 | {st@rt} | d | ' ' ' yugoslavia ' ' ' ( ' ' jugoslavija ' ' in all [[ south slavic languages ]] , in [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] and [[ serbian language | serbian ]] cyrillic ' ' југославија ' ' ) is a term used for three separate but successive political entities that existed | during most of the 20th century on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in [[ europe ]] . translated , the name means ' ' land of the south [[ slavs ]] |
| 43367294 | 6 | of the population of kosovo in the 1980 ' s , ethnic - albanians were the majority . the principle slavs , mainly serbs , were fast reducing in size and | would | by 1999 be as little as 10 % of the two million population . serbian [[ communist ]] leader [[ slobodan milošević ]] , the new strong man of yugoslavia , | |
| 43653123 | 0 | state would transform into a loose commonwealth called [[ serbia and montenegro ]] which finally happened on [[ february 4 ]] , [[ 2003 ]] . = = origins = = | probably the first " official " mention of the term yugoslav ( as opposed to simply [[ slavic peoples | south slav ]] ) was the forming of the group of advocates of a joint country of south slavs , by politicians from [[ croatia ]] and [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , which were then both in the [[ austro - hungarian monarchy ]] . on [[ november 22 ]] , [[ 1914 ]] , [[ ante trumbić ]] , [[ frano supilo ]] , [[ ivan meštrović ]] , [[ hinko hinković ]] and [[ franko potočnjak ]] from croatia and [[ nikola stojanović ]] and [[ dušan vasiljević ]] from bosnia and herzegovina first met with [[ pavle popović ]] , a representative of [[ nikola pašić ]] ' s [[ serbia ]] n government , on neutral ground in [[ florence ]] , [[ italy ]] , in an effort to coordinate their efforts towards building an independent state of western south slavs . [[ lujo vojnović ]] was also present as an observer from the kingdom of [[ montenegro ]] . the new " yugoslav " cause ( from ' ' jugosloven ' ' , meaning " southern slav " ) was receiving an increasing amount of support : in the western states , the people were generally tired of austria - hungary and a union with the eastern states was probably seen as the best way to come out of the [[ anomie ]] caused by the [[ world war i | great war ]] . even the large [[ diaspora ]] s , known for their [[ nostalgia ]] and [[ patriotism ]] , started supporting the new idea . the [[ yugoslav committee ]] ( ' ' jugoslavenski odbor ' ' ) was officially formed on [[ april 30 ]] th , [[ 1915 ]] in [[ london ]] , and the aforementioned politicians were its members . the committee and the kingdom of serbia subsequently signed the [[ corfu declaration ]] on [[ july 20 ]] , [[ 1917 ]] that declared their desire to form a new joint kingdom . | = = the first yugoslavia = = ' ' main article : [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' the goals of the yugoslav committee were partly reached by the end | |
| 43653168 | 0 | previously been repelled . ( as a result , the launch of [[ operation barbarossa ]] was delayed by four weeks , which proved to be a costly decision . ) | = = yugoslavia during the second world war = = at 05 : 15 on [[ april 6 ]] [[ 1941 ]] , [[ nazi germany | german ]] , [[ italy | italian ]] , [[ hungary | hungarian ]] , and [[ bulgaria ]] n forces attacked yugoslavia . the [[ luftwaffe ]] bombed [[ belgrade ]] and other major yugoslav cities . on [[ april 17 ]] , representatives of yugoslavia ' s various regions signed an armistice with germany at belgrade , ending eleven days of resistance against the invading german wehrmacht . more than three hundred thousand yugoslav officers and soldiers were taken prisoner . [[ image : jasenovac1 . jpg | thumb | in the [[ independent state of croatia ]] , serbs , jews and gypsies were marched to the [[ jasenovac concentration camp ]] ]] the [[ axis powers ]] occupied yugoslavia and split it up . the [[ independent state of croatia ]] was established as a nazi puppet - state , ruled by the catholic fascist militia known as the [[ ustaše ]] which actually came into existence in 1929 , but was relatively limited in its activities until 1941 . german troops occupied bosnia and herzegovina as well as part of [[ serbia ]] and [[ slovenia ]] , while other parts of the country were occupied by [[ bulgaria ]] , [[ hungary ]] and [[ italy ]] . yugoslavs opposing the [[ nazi ]] s organized resistance movements . those inclined towards supporting the old kingdom of yugoslavia joined the [[ chetniks ]] , a mostly serb - composed nationalistic royalist guerilla led by colonel [[ draža mihajlović ]] . those inclined towards supporting the [[ communist party of yugoslavia | communist party ]] ( and against the king ) joined the [[ partisans ( yugoslavia ) | yugoslav national liberation army ]] , led by [[ josip broz tito ]] , a [[ croats | croat ]] - [[ slovenian people | slovenian ]] member of the [[ communist party of yugoslavia ]] . the nla initiated a [[ guerrilla warfare | guerrilla ]] campaign which was developed into the largest resistance army in occupied western and central europe . the chetniks initially made notable incursions and were supported by the exiled royal government as well as the [[ allies ]] , but soon started to [[ collaboration | collaborate ]] with [[ axis powers ]] against nla . after the allies realised that the chetniks were helping the germans they ceased to support them . the german response to the resistance movement was to punish the civilian population by carrying out reprisal killings and by giving a free hand to the quisling forces of the [[ independent state of croatia ]] . italian occupying forces also committed many atrocities ( cf . [[ italian war crimes ]] ) . this led to great civilian loss of life in most regions of yugoslavia . the estimated [[ demography | demographic ]] loss was 1 , 700 , 000 individuals or 10 % of the population of yugoslavia . very high losses were among serbs of bosnia and croatia , and members of [[ aryan | non - aryan ]] ( according to the german racist theory : [[ jew | jews ]] , [[ roma people | gypsies ]] ) minorities , high also among all other non - [[ collaboration | collaborating ]] population . during the war , the [[ communism | communist ]] - led [[ partisans ( yugoslavia ) | partisans ]] were ' ' de facto ' ' rulers on the liberated territories , and the nla organized [[ people ' s committee ]] s to act as civilian government . in autumn of 1941 , the partisans established the [[ republic of užice ]] in the liberated territory of western [[ serbia ]] . in november 1941 , the [[ germany | german ]] troops occupied this territory again , while the majority of partisan forces escaped towards bosnia . on [[ november 25 ]] , [[ 1942 ]] , the [[ avnoj | anti - fascist council of national liberation of yugoslavia ]] was convened in [[ bihać ]] . the council reconvened on [[ november 29 ]] , [[ 1943 ]] in [[ jajce ]] and established the basis for post - war organisation of the country , establishing a federation ( this date was celebrated as republic day after the war ) . the nla was able to expel the axis from serbia in 1944 and the rest of yugoslavia in 1945 . the [[ red army ]] aided in liberating [[ belgrade ]] as well as some other territories , but withdrew after the war was over . in may 1945 , nla met with allied forces outside former yugoslav borders , after taking over also [[ trieste ]] and parts of [[ austria | austrian ]] southern provinces [[ styria ]] and [[ carinthia ]] . this was the territory populated predominantly by [[ slovenians ]] ( and [[ croats ]] in [[ istria ]] ) . however , the nla withdrew from trieste in june of the same year . westerner attempts to reunite the partisans , who denied supremacy of the old government of the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , and the emigration loyal to the king , led to the [[ tito - šubašić agreement ]] in june 1944 , however tito was seen as a national hero by the citizens and so he gained the power in post - war independent [[ communism | communist ]] state , starting as a [[ prime minister ]] . | = = the second yugoslavia = = ' ' main article : [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ' ' [[ image : tito . marshall . post - war | |
| 43653311 | 0 | state would transform into a loose commonwealth called [[ serbia and montenegro ]] which finally happened on [[ february 4 ]] , [[ 2003 ]] . = = origins = = | probably the first " official " mention of the term yugoslav ( as opposed to simply [[ slavic peoples | south slav ]] ) was the forming of the group of advocates of a joint country of south slavs , by politicians from [[ croatia ]] and [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , which were then both in the [[ austro - hungarian monarchy ]] . on [[ november 22 ]] , [[ 1914 ]] , [[ ante trumbić ]] , [[ frano supilo ]] , [[ ivan meštrović ]] , [[ hinko hinković ]] and [[ franko potočnjak ]] from croatia and [[ nikola stojanović ]] and [[ dušan vasiljević ]] from bosnia and herzegovina first met with [[ pavle popović ]] , a representative of [[ nikola pašić ]] ' s [[ serbia ]] n government , on neutral ground in [[ florence ]] , [[ italy ]] , in an effort to coordinate their efforts towards building an independent state of western south slavs . [[ lujo vojnović ]] was also present as an observer from the kingdom of [[ montenegro ]] . the new " yugoslav " cause ( from ' ' jugosloven ' ' , meaning " southern slav " ) was receiving an increasing amount of support : in the western states , the people were generally tired of austria - hungary and a union with the eastern states was probably seen as the best way to come out of the [[ anomie ]] caused by the [[ world war i | great war ]] . even the large [[ diaspora ]] s , known for their [[ nostalgia ]] and [[ patriotism ]] , started supporting the new idea . the [[ yugoslav committee ]] ( ' ' jugoslavenski odbor ' ' ) was officially formed on [[ april 30 ]] th , [[ 1915 ]] in [[ london ]] , and the aforementioned politicians were its members . the committee and the kingdom of serbia subsequently signed the [[ corfu declaration ]] on [[ july 20 ]] , [[ 1917 ]] that declared their desire to form a new joint kingdom . | = = the first yugoslavia = = ' ' main article : [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' the goals of the yugoslav committee were partly reached by the end | |
| 44309697 | 4 | took office as yugoslav president on [[ october 6 ]] . [[ image : banknoteyug . jpg | 300px | left | thumb | a [[ hyperinflation ]] bill of 50 | & nbsp ; | [[ billion ]] [[ yugoslavia dinar | dinars ]] ( 1993 ) ]] on saturday , [[ march 31 ]] , [[ 2001 ]] , milošević surrendered to yugoslav security forces | |
| 6 | in 2004 , and will probably join by 2010 - 2015 . the remaining three republics have yet to apply so their acceptance generally isn ' t expected before 2015 . | ' ' | see also : [[ enlargement of the european union ]] = = miscellaneous = = [[ asteroid ]] [[ 1554 yugoslavia ]] was discovered by [[ milorad b . protić ]] | ||
| 15 | [[ sk : juhoslávia ]] [[ sl : jugoslavija ]] [[ sr : југославија ]] [[ fi : jugoslavia ]] [[ sv : jugoslavien ]] [[ zh : 南斯拉夫 ]] [[ | fi | : jugoslavian ]] [[ tr : yugoslavya ]] | ||
| 44361382 | 6 | for each republic and province , and the president of presidency of central committee of the communist party . josip broz tito was the most powerful person in the country , | followed by republican | and after him there were republic and province premiers and presidents , plus communist party presidents . people whom he did not favor varied greatly . slobodan penezić krcun served under | |
| 16 | , president and prime minister . at the top of the yugoslav government was tito as president ( a collective presidency was formed after tito ' s death in 1980 ) | , the federal prime minister , and the federal parliament | . an important role was one of the president of the [[ communist party of yugoslavia ]] for each republic and province , and the president of presidency of central committee | ||
| 17 | , and the federal parliament . an important role was one of the president of the [[ communist party of yugoslavia ]] for each republic and province , and the president | of presidency | of central committee of the communist party . josip broz tito was the most powerful person in the country , and after him there were republic and province premiers and presidents | ||
| 18 | did not favor varied greatly . slobodan penezić krcun served under tito as chief of secret police in serbia and then after he started to complain about tito ' s politics | , he was victim of a dubious traffic incident | . minister of the interior aleksandar ranković lost all of his titles and rights after a major disagreement with tito regarding state politics . sometimes ministers in government were more important | ||
| 44361625 | 1 | ]] was ratified in 1974 that gave more rights to the individual republics and provinces . according to this constitution , individual republics had a right for self - determination , | up to | including | secession , which made later break - up easier . = = = breakup = = = after tito ' s death in 1980 , ethnic tensions grew in yugoslavia . |
| 47183239 | 7 | q = yugoslavia & search _ crit = subject & search = search & date1 = anytime & date2 = anytime & type = form congressional research service ( crs ) | reports regarding yugoslavia ] [[ category : yugoslavia | ]] [[ category : former countries in europe ]] [[ ar : يوغوسلافيا ]] [[ bs : jugoslavija ]] [[ cs : jugoslávie ]] [[ bg : югославия ]] [[ ca : iugoslàvia ]] [[ da : jugoslavien ]] [[ de : jugoslawien ]] [[ et : jugoslaavia ]] [[ el : γιουγκοσλαβία ]] [[ es : yugoslavia ( desambiguación ) ]] [[ fa : یوگوسلاوی ]] [[ fr : yougoslavie ]] [[ ko : 유고슬라비아 ]] [[ hr : jugoslavija ]] [[ io : yugoslavia ]] [[ is : júgóslavía ]] [[ it : jugoslavia ]] [[ he : יוגוסלביה ]] [[ lv : dienvidslāvija ]] [[ mk : југославија ]] [[ nl : joegoslavië ]] [[ no : jugoslavia ]] [[ ja : ユーゴスラビア ]] [[ pl : jugosławia ]] [[ pt : jugoslávia ]] [[ ro : iugoslavia ]] [[ ru : югославия ]] [[ sk : juhoslávia ]] [[ sl : jugoslavija ]] [[ sr : југославија ]] [[ fi : jugoslavia ]] [[ sv : jugoslavien ]] [[ tr : yugoslavya ]] [[ zh : 南斯拉夫 ]] | poop | |
| 47183247 | 7 | - - [[ user : 70 . 157 . 68 . 26 | 70 . 157 . 68 . 26 ]] 01 : 16 , 6 april 2006 ( utc ) | poop | reports regarding yugoslavia ] [[ category : yugoslavia | ]] [[ category : former countries in europe ]] [[ ar : يوغوسلافيا ]] [[ bs : jugoslavija ]] [[ cs : jugoslávie ]] [[ bg : югославия ]] [[ ca : iugoslàvia ]] [[ da : jugoslavien ]] [[ de : jugoslawien ]] [[ et : jugoslaavia ]] [[ el : γιουγκοσλαβία ]] [[ es : yugoslavia ( desambiguación ) ]] [[ fa : یوگوسلاوی ]] [[ fr : yougoslavie ]] [[ ko : 유고슬라비아 ]] [[ hr : jugoslavija ]] [[ io : yugoslavia ]] [[ is : júgóslavía ]] [[ it : jugoslavia ]] [[ he : יוגוסלביה ]] [[ lv : dienvidslāvija ]] [[ mk : југославија ]] [[ nl : joegoslavië ]] [[ no : jugoslavia ]] [[ ja : ユーゴスラビア ]] [[ pl : jugosławia ]] [[ pt : jugoslávia ]] [[ ro : iugoslavia ]] [[ ru : югославия ]] [[ sk : juhoslávia ]] [[ sl : jugoslavija ]] [[ sr : југославија ]] [[ fi : jugoslavia ]] [[ sv : jugoslavien ]] [[ tr : yugoslavya ]] [[ zh : 南斯拉夫 ]] | |
| 47301443 | 0 | the kingdom of serbia subsequently signed the [[ corfu declaration ]] on [[ july 20 ]] , [[ 1917 ]] that declared their desire to form a new joint kingdom . | colin sucks chodes . | = = the first yugoslavia = = ' ' main article : [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' the goals of the yugoslav committee were partly reached by the end | |
| 47301478 | 0 | the kingdom of serbia subsequently signed the [[ corfu declaration ]] on [[ july 20 ]] , [[ 1917 ]] that declared their desire to form a new joint kingdom . | colin sucks chodes . | = = the first yugoslavia = = ' ' main article : [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' the goals of the yugoslav committee were partly reached by the end | |
| 49267272 | 3 | = after tito ' s death in 1980 , ethnic tensions grew in yugoslavia . some members of the [[ serbian academy of sciences and arts ]] drafted a memorandum in | 1986 | yugoslavia . although the largest yugoslav republic in territory and population , serbia had been dispossessed of its attributes of statehood by the new 1974 constitution . because its two autonomous provinces had de facto prerogatives of full - fledged republics , serbia found | that opposed the policy of the federation and promoted serbian nationalism in response to the perceived weak position of serbia in the federation . the [[ albanians | ethnic albanian ]] |
| 42 | [[ vojvodina ]] and of [[ kosovo | kosovo and metohija ]] was reduced , though both entities retained a vote in the yugoslav presidency council . as a result , | milošević in effect now controlled three of | the eight votes in the presidency . [[ image : smilo . jpg | frame | left | [[ slobodan milošević ]] ]] meanwhile [[ slovenia ]] , under the presidency | ||
| 49299968 | 0 | and italy taking down yugoslav and raising slovenian flag . following this , the federal executive council speifically ordered the army only to take control of the internationally recognized borders . | given | this was | the enormous strength of the army , the task was carried out within 48 hours . however , under orders , the yugoslav army did not carry live ammunition and the |
| 49528427 | 0 | the kingdom of serbia subsequently signed the [[ corfu declaration ]] on [[ july 20 ]] , [[ 1917 ]] that declared their desire to form a new joint kingdom . | the yugoslavik language was invented by the urglnots ( kelrugin toygurshin and mikaey ' l ortubius ) in the late 20th century . some popular phrases include : " kitinka slovak huroshi " which translates to your mother is a fat llama . " mushyal blanko renaldicki " translates to whatchu tink u doin ova dere ? ! " hurogi marishka ghenyek " translates i would like a large order of onions dipped in tarter sauce . " huruska matchuckso turogatory " which then translates to a man ate my leg during a play , please assist me . | = = the first yugoslavia = = ' ' main article : [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' the goals of the yugoslav committee were partly reached by the end | |
| 49528510 | 0 | the kingdom of serbia subsequently signed the [[ corfu declaration ]] on [[ july 20 ]] , [[ 1917 ]] that declared their desire to form a new joint kingdom . | the yugoslavik language was invented by the urglnots ( kelrugin toygurshin and mikaey ' l ortubius ) in the late 20th century . some popular phrases include : " kitinka slovak huroshi " which translates to your mother is a fat llama . " mushyal blanko renaldicki " translates to whatchu tink u doin ova dere ? ! " hurogi marishka ghenyek " translates i would like a large order of onions dipped in tarter sauce . " huruska matchuckso turogatory " which then translates to a man ate my leg during a play , please assist me . | = = the first yugoslavia = = ' ' main article : [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' the goals of the yugoslav committee were partly reached by the end | |
| 49801930 | 1 | kučan ]] , along with [[ croatia ]] openly supported albanian miners , and initial strikes turned into widespread demonstrations demanding kosovo republic . this angered serbia ' s leadership who | proceede | proceeded | to use police to restrain the violence . as police was insufficient force , the federal army was ordered by yugoslav presidency to restore order . in january 1990 , the |
| 49984412 | 2 | 48 hours . however , under orders , the yugoslav army did not carry live ammunition and the slovene territorial defense took advantage of this by shooting at young conscripts . | recently the austrian orf tv station showed footage of several young yugoslav soldiers at holmec ( border crossing with austria ) , carrying a white cloth and raising their hands in the air , apparently to surrender to the slovenian territorial defence , before gunfire was heard and the troops were seen falling down . this and other events are known as the so - called [[ ten - day war ]] in slovenia . | there was no political consensus within the federal executive council to which extent the army was to be used . after ten days , a ceasefire between the slovenian territorial defense | |
| 3 | and italy taking down yugoslav and raising slovenian flag . following this , the federal executive council speifically ordered the army only to take control of the internationally recognized borders . | this was the start of the so - called [[ ten - day war ]] in slovenia . | given the enormous strength of the army , the task was carried out within 48 hours . however , under orders , the yugoslav army did not carry live ammunition and | ||
| 50041322 | 0 | almost as though the two republics were independent . furthermore , customs have been established along the traditional border crossings between the two republics . = = further reading = = | * hall , brian : the impossible country : a journey through the last days of yugoslavia . penguin books . new york , 1994 | * allcock , john b . : explaining yugoslavia . new york : columbia university press , 2000 . * chan , adrian : ' ' free to choose : a | |
| 50093990 | 0 | name means ' ' land of the south [[ slavs ]] ' ' ( ' ' jug ' ' in the word ' ' jugoslavija ' ' means south ) . | roxas is awesome | * the first was a [[ monarchy | kingdom ]] formed in [[ december 1 ]] , [[ 1918 ]] as the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of serbs , croats | |
| 50094022 | 0 | name means ' ' land of the south [[ slavs ]] ' ' ( ' ' jug ' ' in the word ' ' jugoslavija ' ' means south ) . | roxas is awesome | * the first was a [[ monarchy | kingdom ]] formed in [[ december 1 ]] , [[ 1918 ]] as the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of serbs , croats | |
| 50486261 | 0 | march , 1991 , the [[ plitvice bloody easter ]] incident was one of the first sparks of open war in croatia . the [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] | ( jla ) | maintained an impression of being neutral , but as time went on , it was becoming more and more involved in state politics . on june 25 , 1991 , slovenia | |
| 4 | flag . following this , the federal executive council speifically ordered the army only to take control of the internationally recognized borders . given the enormous strength of the army , | carried out | the task was carried out within 48 hours . however , under orders , the yugoslav army did not carry live ammunition and the slovene territorial defence took advantage of this | ||
| 6 | speifically ordered the army only to take control of the internationally recognized borders . given the enormous strength of the army , the task was carried out within 48 hours . | army | however , under orders , the yugoslav army did not carry live ammunition and the slovene territorial defence took advantage of this by shooting at young conscripts . recently the austrian | ||
| 7 | ordered the army only to take control of the internationally recognized borders . given the enormous strength of the army , the task was carried out within 48 hours . however | had no logistic support for a long term warfare | , under orders , the yugoslav army did not carry live ammunition and the slovene territorial defence took advantage of this by shooting at young conscripts . recently the austrian orf | ||
| 8 | the army only to take control of the internationally recognized borders . given the enormous strength of the army , the task was carried out within 48 hours . however , | under orders , the yugoslav army did not carry live ammunition and the slovene territorial defence took advantage of this by shooting at young conscripts . recently the austrian orf tv station showed footage of several young yugoslav soldiers at holmec ( border crossing with austria ) , carrying a white cloth and raising their hands in the air , apparently to surrender to the slovenian territorial defence , before gunfire was heard and the troops were seen falling down . this and other events are known | aswell | as the so - called [[ ten - day war ]] in slovenia . there was no political consensus within the federal executive council to which extent the army was to | |
| 12 | the air , apparently to surrender to the slovenian territorial defence , before gunfire was heard and the troops were seen falling down . this and other events are known as | the so - called [[ ten - day war ]] in slovenia . | there was no political consensus within the federal executive council to which extent the army was to be used . after ten days , a ceasefire between the slovenian territorial defense | ||
| 50645687 | 3 | of the internationally recognized borders . [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] forces based in barracks in slovenia and croatia , carried out the task within next 48 hours . | army | however had no logistic support for a long term warfare , aswell as there was no political consensus within the federal executive council to which extent the army was to be | |
| 4 | internationally recognized borders . [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] forces based in barracks in slovenia and croatia , carried out the task within next 48 hours . army however | had no logistic support for a long term warfare | , aswell as there was no political consensus within the federal executive council to which extent the army was to be used . after ten days and 76 victims the so | ||
| 50649733 | 0 | nations and , together with other countries , started the [[ non - aligned movement ]] in 1961 , which remained the official affiliation of the country until it dissolved . | although rigorously socialist in developing her industrial base , yugoslavia allowed a certain amount of capitalist incursions , in the spirit of pluralism . | this constitution , individual republics had a right to self - determination , including secession , which made later break - up easier . = = = breakup = = = | |
| 50655154 | 0 | of the internationally recognized borders . [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] forces based in barracks in slovenia and croatia , carried out the task within next 48 hours . | army | however , under orders , the yugoslav army did not carry live ammunition and the slovene territorial defence took advantage of this by shooting at young conscripts . recently the austrian | |
| 1 | the internationally recognized borders . [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] forces based in barracks in slovenia and croatia , carried out the task within next 48 hours . however | had no logistic support for a long term warfare | , under orders , the yugoslav army did not carry live ammunition and the slovene territorial defence took advantage of this by shooting at young conscripts . recently the austrian orf | ||
| 2 | internationally recognized borders . [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] forces based in barracks in slovenia and croatia , carried out the task within next 48 hours . however , | under orders , the yugoslav army did not carry live ammunition and the slovene territorial defence took advantage of this by shooting at young conscripts . recently the austrian orf tv station showed footage of several young yugoslav soldiers at holmec ( border crossing with austria ) , carrying a white cloth and raising their hands in the air , apparently to surrender to the slovenian territorial defence , before gunfire was heard and the troops were seen falling down . this and other events are known | aswell | as the so - called [[ ten - day war ]] in slovenia . ceasefire between the slovenian territorial defense forces and the yugoslav army was agreed on . in the | |
| 50729005 | 2 | of the internationally recognized borders . [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] forces based in barracks in slovenia and croatia , carried out the task within next 48 hours . | army | however had no logistic support for a long term warfare , aswell as there was no political consensus within the federal executive council to which extent the army was to be | |
| 3 | internationally recognized borders . [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] forces based in barracks in slovenia and croatia , carried out the task within next 48 hours . army however | had no logistic support for a long term warfare | , aswell as there was no political consensus within the federal executive council to which extent the army was to be used . after ten days and 76 victims the so | ||
| 51123816 | 15 | kingdom . = = the first yugoslavia = = ' ' main article : [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' the goals of the yugoslav committee were partly reached by | blood , by language , by the feelings of their unity , by the continuity and integrity of the territory which they inhabit undividedly , and by the common vital interests of their national survival and manifold development of their moral and material life " . the future state was to be called the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes and was to be constitutional monarchy under the karadjordjević dynasty . as the habsburg empire dissolved , a national council of slovenes , croats and serbs took power in zagreb on 6 october 1918 . on 29 october , the croatian sabor or parliament declared independence and vested its sovereignty in the new state of the slovenes , croats and serbs . the yugoslav committee was given the task of representing the new state abroad . however quarrels broke out immediately about the terms of the proposed union with serbia . svetozar pribićević , a croatian serb , a leader of the croatian - serbian coalition and vice - precident of the state , wanted an immediate and unconditional union . others ( non - serbs ) , who favoured a federal yugoslavia were more hesitant . they feared that serbia would simply annex the former habsburg territories . the national council ' s authority was limited and the italians were moving to take more territory than they had been alloted in an agreement with the yugoslav committee . political opinion was divided and serbian ministers said that if croats insisted on their own republic or sort of independence , then serbia would simply take areas inhabited by the serbs and already occupied by the serbian army . after much debate the national council agreed to unification with serbia , although its declaration stated that the final organization of the state should be left to the future constituent assembly . the most prominent opponent of this decision was stjepan radić , the leader of the croatian peasant party ( hrvatska seljačka stranka , hss ) . however , the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes was declared on 1 december 1918 in belgrade . = = kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ( first yugoslavia ) = = with | the end of the [[ world war i | first world war ]] in 1918 , when austria - hungary disintegrated , and the south slavs organized into the [[ state | |
| 36 | an increasing amount of support : in the western states , the people were generally tired of austria - hungary and a union with the eastern states was probably seen as | the best way to come out of the [[ anomie ]] caused by the [[ world war i | great war ]] . even the large [[ diaspora ]] s , known for | their [[ nostalgia ]] and [[ patriotism ]] , started supporting the new idea . the [[ yugoslav committee ]] ( ' ' jugoslavenski odbor ' ' ) was officially formed | ||
| 51124069 | 0 | administrative province ) in 1939 . the agreement specified that croatia were to remain part of yugoslavia , but it was hurriedly building an independent political identity in international relations . | on [[ june 28 ]] [[ 1921 ]] , & mdash ; a day of historical importance to serbs ( see [[ vidovdan ]] ) & mdash ; parliament ( ' ' skupština ' ' ) passed a new constitution despite a boycott from croatian mps . the constitution centralized political authority and strengthened the power of the royal government in belgrade , causing dissatisfaction among the more federally minded croat and slovene politicians . in 1928 , [[ puniša račić ]] , an ethnic serbian nationalist leader from montenegro , shot and killed croatian peasant party leader [[ stjepan radić ]] in the parliament chambers . king [[ alexander i of yugoslavia | alexander ]] ( aleksandar ) used the shooting as a pretext to strengthen his power and on [[ january 6 ]] , [[ 1929 ]] he suspended the constitution , dissolved the ' ' skupština ' ' and proclaimed a royal dictatorship . he went on to reorganize the regional divisions within the country and renamed it the ' ' [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' . all national identities except " yugoslav " were abolished . yugoslavia became a highly [[ militarism | militarized ]] state , which spawned several insurgent nationalist groups opposed to the royal dictatorship . the king was highly unpopular , particularly among non - serbs , and while on a visit to [[ marseille ]] , [[ france ]] in 1934 , he was assassinated by [[ imro | bulgarian nationalist and imro activist ]] velichko kerin ( more popular with his revolutionary pseudonym [[ vlado chernosemski ]] ) . his son and successor , [[ peter ii of yugoslavia | peter ii ]] ( petar ii ) , was a child , so power fell into the hands of the ineffectual [[ prince paul of yugoslavia | prince paul ]] ( pavle ) , who continued on an authoritarian path with the prime minister [[ milan stojadinović ]] . in the beginning of [[ world war ii ]] , yugoslavia was pressured by [[ germany ]] and [[ italy ]] to join the [[ axis powers ]] . italy was mired in an inconclusive war with [[ history of greece | greece ]] , and before germany committed its forces to the greek campaign , it wanted to secure yugoslavia ' s support . | prince paul submitted to the fascist pressure and signed the [[ tripartite treaty ]] in [[ vienna ]] on [[ march 25 ]] , [[ 1941 ]] , hoping to still | |
| 51240913 | 0 | of the internationally recognized borders . [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] forces based in barracks in slovenia and croatia , carried out the task within next 48 hours . | army | however , under orders , the yugoslav army did not carry live ammunition and the slovene territorial defence took advantage of this by shooting at young conscripts . recently the austrian | |
| 1 | the internationally recognized borders . [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] forces based in barracks in slovenia and croatia , carried out the task within next 48 hours . however | had no logistic support for a long term warfare | , under orders , the yugoslav army did not carry live ammunition and the slovene territorial defence took advantage of this by shooting at young conscripts . recently the austrian orf | ||
| 2 | internationally recognized borders . [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] forces based in barracks in slovenia and croatia , carried out the task within next 48 hours . however , | under orders , the yugoslav army did not carry live ammunition and the slovene territorial defence took advantage of this by shooting at young conscripts . recently the austrian orf tv station showed footage of several young yugoslav soldiers at holmec ( border crossing with austria ) , carrying a white cloth and raising their hands in the air , apparently to surrender to the slovenian territorial defence , before gunfire was heard and the troops were seen falling down . this and other events are known | aswell | as the so - called [[ ten - day war ]] in slovenia . ceasefire between the slovenian territorial defense forces and the yugoslav army was agreed on . in the | |
| 51267847 | 4 | to [[ collaboration | collaborate ]] with [[ axis powers ]] against nla . after the allies realised that the chetniks were helping the germans they ceased to support them . | the german response to the resistance movement was to punish the civilian population by carrying out reprisal killings and by giving a free hand to the quisling forces of the [[ independent state of croatia ]] . italian occupying forces also committed many atrocities ( cf . [[ italian war crimes ]] ) . | this led to great civilian loss of life in most regions of yugoslavia . the estimated [[ demography | demographic ]] loss was 1 , 700 , 000 individuals or 10 | |
| 51593056 | 2 | of the internationally recognized borders . [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] forces based in barracks in slovenia and croatia , carried out the task within next 48 hours . | army | however had no logistic support for a long term warfare , aswell as there was no political consensus within the federal executive council to which extent the army was to be | |
| 3 | internationally recognized borders . [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] forces based in barracks in slovenia and croatia , carried out the task within next 48 hours . army however | had no logistic support for a long term warfare | , aswell as there was no political consensus within the federal executive council to which extent the army was to be used . after ten days and 76 victims the so | ||
| 51598172 | 3 | = breakup = = = after tito ' s death in 1980 , ethnic tensions grew in yugoslavia . considering long - standing serbo - croat disputes , which had been | dominated by serbian ruling class ; and a war - time slaughter in which the nazis made use of the earlier serbian oppression to use croatian fascism for barbarous slaughter and also exploited anti - serb sentiment amongst the kosovo albanian - and some elements in the bosnian muslim - population to bolster their rule . there had been | which had been suppressed under tito , no one knew what the future had in store . legacy of constitution of 1974 threw the system of decision - making into a | |
| 4 | tito ' s death in 1980 , ethnic tensions grew in yugoslavia . considering long - standing serbo - croat disputes , which had been suppressed under tito , no one | structural element | one knew what the future had in store . legacy of constitution of 1974 threw the system of decision - making into a state of paralysis , all the more hopeless | ||
| 6 | all the more hopeless as the conflict of interests between the republics had become irreconciable . not a single important decision that might have eased the situation could be taken . | the | . the constitutional crisis that inevitably followed played in favour of slovenia and croatia and their strongly expressed demands for looser ties within federation . economic crisis at the time only | ||
| 7 | eased the situation could be taken . the constitutional crisis that inevitably followed played in favour of slovenia and croatia and their strongly expressed demands for looser ties within federation . | was the product of disastrous errors by yugoslav governments in the 1970s , borrowing vast amounts of western capital in order to fund growth through exports . western economies then entered recession , blocked yugoslav exports and created a huge debt problem . the yugoslav government then accepted the imf ' s conditionalities which shifted the burden of the crisis onto the yugoslav working class . simultaneously , strong social groups emerged within the yugoslav communist party , allied to western business , banking and state interests and began pushing towards neoliberalism , to the delight of the us . it was the reagan administration which , in 1984 , had adopted " shock therapy " proposal to push yugoslavia towards a capitalist restoration . this , naturally , undermined a central pillar of the state : the socialist link between the communist party and the working class . the forms and effects of this varied in different parts of yugoslavia . first in kosovo in 1981 , where the links between yugoslav communism and the population had always been weakest and where the economic crisis was most intense , there was an uprising demanding full republican status for kosovo , as well as unification with albania . in 1989 geoffrey sachs was in yugoslavia helping the federal government under ante markovic prepare the imf / world bank shock therapy package , which was then introduced in 1990 just | economic crisis at the time only made everything harder . as a result , serbian academy of sciences and arts drafted a memorandum addressing these issues . it said unless timely | ||
| 17 | = breakup = = = after tito ' s death in 1980 , ethnic tensions grew in yugoslavia . considering long - standing serbo - croat disputes , which had been | suppressed under tito , no | one knew what the future had in store . legacy of constitution of 1974 threw the system of decision - making into a state of paralysis , all the more hopeless | ||
| 18 | tito ' s death in 1980 , ethnic tensions grew in yugoslavia . considering long - standing serbo - croat disputes , which had been suppressed under tito , no one | knew what the future had | in store . legacy of constitution of 1974 threw the system of decision - making into a state of paralysis , all the more hopeless as the conflict of interests between | ||
| 20 | of 1974 threw the system of decision - making into a state of paralysis , all the more hopeless as the conflict of interests between the republics had become irreconciable . | not a single important decision that might have eased | the situation could be taken . the constitutional crisis that inevitably followed played in favour of slovenia and croatia and their strongly expressed demands for looser ties within federation . economic | ||
| 51599002 | 0 | operations act ) had led to the lay off of more than 600 , 000 workers out of a total industrial workforce of the order of 2 . 7 million . | ( 13 ) | a further 20 % of the work force , or half a million people , were not paid wages during the early months of 1990 as enterprises sought to avoid bankruptcy | |
| 53085765 | 10 | king aleksandar i banned national political parties in 1929 , assumed executive power and renamed the country yugoslavia . he hoped to curb separatist tendencies and mitigate nationalist passions . however | , | the balance of power changed in international relations : in italy and germany fascists and nazis rose to power , and stalin became the absolute ruler in the soviet union . | |
| 12 | nazis rose to power , and stalin became the absolute ruler in the soviet union . none of these three states favoured the policy pursued by aleksandar i . in fact | , | the first two wanted to revise the international treaties signed after world war i , and the soviets were determined to regain their positions in europe and pursue a more active | ||
| 13 | for provinces or banovinas . the banovinas were named after rivers . many politicians were jailed or kept under tight police surveillance . the effect of alexander ' s dictatorship was | to | further to alienate the non - serbs of the kingdom . during an official visit to france in 1934 , the king was assassinated in marseilles by a macedonian with the | ||
| 15 | army in occupied western and central europe . the chetniks initially made notable incursions and were supported by the exiled royal government as well as the [[ allies ]] , but | were | soon restrained from taking wider actions due to german reprisals against serb civilian population . for a killed soldier , germans executed 100 civilians , for a wounded one , they | ||
| 21 | for a wounded one , they killed 50 . following chetniks ' termination of war activities , the allies eventually switched to support the nla . however , nla carried on | its | guerrilla warfare . this led to great civilian loss of life in most regions of yugoslavia . the estimated [[ demography | demographic ]] loss was 1 , 700 , 000 | ||
| 22 | them lived under italian rule and the slovenes understood that it was only as a part of yugoslavia that they would be able to free these people in istria . this | duly | came about in 1945 . however , the yugoslav slovenes benefited from the new state receiving all they had previously lacked ; high schools and university to boot . unlike the | ||
| 53853117 | 0 | bosnian nations ) , the serbs immediately declared the independence of republika srpska to protect their rights . the [[ bosnian war | war in bosnia ]] followed shortly thereafter . | yugoslavia is a piece of shit country and tito is a mother fucking whore . | the so - called badinter commission formed by the [[ european community ]] declared in early 1992 that the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia had " dissolved " . various dates | |
| 53853815 | 0 | bosnian nations ) , the serbs immediately declared the independence of republika srpska to protect their rights . the [[ bosnian war | war in bosnia ]] followed shortly thereafter . | yugoslavia is a piece of shit country and tito is a mother fucking whore . | the so - called badinter commission formed by the [[ european community ]] declared in early 1992 that the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia had " dissolved " . various dates | |
| 54622007 | 0 | division more of fact than of form in the context or yugoslavia ' s break - up . but yugoslavia ' s constitutional principles did provide a key to its resolution | , | for the constitution gave rights to nations of equal force to the rights of republics . thus , under these criteria , the serb nationals in , say , croatia , | |
| 55323011 | 0 | and co - ordinated coalition involving austria , germany , hungary and the vatican all pushing for the same goal : yugoslavia ' s break up . this campaign was not | , of course | , supported by the united states . it championed yugoslav unity as did britain and france . but for the us unity was not the main thing : its policy was | |
| 55323081 | 0 | and co - ordinated coalition involving austria , germany , hungary and the vatican all pushing for the same goal : yugoslavia ' s break up . this campaign was not | , | supported by the united states . it championed yugoslav unity as did britain and france . but for the us unity was not the main thing : its policy was principally | |
| 55551088 | 0 | and co - ordinated coalition involving austria , germany , hungary and the vatican all pushing for the same goal : yugoslavia ' s break up . this campaign was not | , of course , | supported by the united states . it championed yugoslav unity as did britain and france . but for the us unity was not the main thing : its policy was principally | |
| 56069954 | 0 | previously been repelled . ( as a result , the launch of [[ operation barbarossa ]] was delayed by four weeks , which proved to be a costly decision . ) | = = yugoslavia during the second world war = = at 05 | ' ' ' kelsey ' ' ' | : 15 on [[ april 6 ]] [[ 1941 ]] , [[ nazi germany | german ]] , [[ italy | italian ]] , [[ hungary | hungarian ]] , and |
| 3 | germany at belgrade , ending eleven days of resistance against the invading german wehrmacht . more than three hundred thousand yugoslav officers and soldiers were taken prisoners . [[ image : | jasenovac1 . jpg | thumb | in the [[ independent state of croatia ]] , serbs , jews and gypsies were marched to the [[ jasenovac concentration camp ]] ]] [[ image : radovna _ spomenik . jpg | thumb | a memorial erected to the memory of villagers of [[ radovna ]] ( [[ slovenia ]] ) , who were burned alive by the germans ]] the [[ axis powers ]] occupied yugoslavia and split it up . the [[ independent state of croatia ]] was established | i dont know why we can never use that | as a nazi puppet - state , ruled by the catholic fascist militia known as the [[ ustaše ]] which actually came into existence in 1929 , but was relatively limited | |
| 8 | population . during the war , the [[ communism | communist ]] - led [[ partisans ( yugoslavia ) | partisans ]] were ' ' de facto ' ' rulers on | that site ' ' ' alyssa ' ' ' : edit ? ' ' ' kelsey ' ' ' : u can just go on wikipedia and click | the liberated territories , and the nla organized [[ people ' s committee ]] s to act as civilian government . in autumn of 1941 , the partisans established the [[ | ||
| 56070049 | 3 | proved to be a costly decision . ) ' ' ' kelsey ' ' ' : haha i love wikipedia ! ! ! ' ' ' kelsey ' ' ' : | i dont know why we can never use that | jasenovac1 . jpg | thumb | in the [[ independent state of croatia ]] , serbs , jews and gypsies were marched to the [[ jasenovac concentration camp ]] ]] [[ image : radovna _ spomenik . jpg | thumb | a memorial erected to the memory of villagers of [[ radovna ]] ( [[ slovenia ]] ) , who were burned alive by the germans ]] the [[ axis powers ]] occupied yugoslavia and split it up . the [[ independent state of croatia ]] was established | as a source for history ' ' ' kelsey ' ' ' : ive always wanted to edit something on that site ' ' ' alyssa ' ' ' : edit |
| 10 | ' : i dont know why we can never use that as a source for history ' ' ' kelsey ' ' ' : ive always wanted to edit something on | that site ' ' ' alyssa ' ' ' : edit ? ' ' ' kelsey ' ' ' : u can just go on wikipedia and click | the edit button and u can change what it says = = the second yugoslavia = = ' ' main article : [[ socialist federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ' ' | ||
| 56223339 | 0 | ]] , [[ 2003 ]] . as of [[ 22 may ]] , 2006 montenegro has voted to separate from serbia and establish itself as an independent state . = = | origins | ' ' ' background ' ' ' | = = during the early period of the world war one ( 1914 ) , a number of prominent political figures ( [[ ante trumbić ]] , [[ frano supilo ]] |
| 56714534 | 0 | in the western parts of former yugoslavia ended in 1995 with [[ united states | u . s . ]] - sponsored peace talks in [[ dayton , ohio ]] , | with | which resulted in | the so - called [[ dayton agreement ]] . in [[ kosovo ]] , throughout the 1990s the leadership of the albanian population had been pursuing tactics of non - violent |
| 1 | . ]] - sponsored peace talks in [[ dayton , ohio ]] , with the so - called [[ dayton agreement ]] . in [[ kosovo ]] , throughout the 1990s | , | the leadership of the albanian population had been pursuing tactics of non - violent resistance in order to achieve independence for the province in 1996 , radical albanians formed the [[ | ||
| 3 | separate but successive political entities that existed during most of the [[ 20th century ]] on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in [[ europe ]] . translated , the name means | ' ' | land of the south [[ slavs ]] ' ' ( ' ' jug ' ' in the word ' ' jugoslavija ' ' means south ) . * the first was | ||
| 56830147 | 1 | dissolving the [[ serbia and montenegro | federal republic of yugoslavia ]] . _ _ toc _ _ {{ splitsection | history of yugoslavia }} = = ' ' ' background | ' ' ' | = = during the early period of the world war one ( 1914 ) , a number of prominent political figures ( [[ ante trumbić ]] , [[ frano supilo ]] | |
| 57120130 | 0 | by the [[ european union ]] for formal recognition of the independence of montenegro . on [[ june 3 ]] , [[ 2006 ]] , montenegro officially declared its independence , | with serbia following suit two days later , | effectively dissolving the [[ serbia and montenegro | federal republic of yugoslavia ]] . = = further reading = = * hall , brian : the impossible country : a journey | |
| 57320182 | 12 | 86 percent of eligible montenegran voters turned out for a special referrundum on the independence of the montenagran republic from federal union with serbia . they voted 55 . 4 % | for | in favour of | independence , recognized as above the 55 % threshold set by the [[ european union ]] for formal recognition of the independence of montenegro . on [[ june 3 ]] , |
| 59611366 | 0 | . translated , the name means land of the south [[ slavs ]] ( ' ' jug ' ' in the word ' ' jugoslavija ' ' means south ) . | * | # | the first was a [[ monarchy | kingdom ]] formed in [[ december 1 ]] , [[ 1918 ]] as the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of serbs , croats and |
| 9 | of yugoslavia ]] . ' ' ' * the third was called ' ' ' [[ serbia and montenegro | federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( fry ) ' ' ' | and | was formed in 1992 on the territory of the two remaining republics of [[ serbia ]] ( including the autonomous provinces of [[ vojvodina ]] and of [[ kosovo ]] , | ||
| 59612233 | 2 | , [[ 1918 ]] , which was re - named the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' on [[ january 6 ]] , [[ 1929 ]] | and existed under that name until | . | it was invaded on [[ april 6 ]] , [[ 1941 ]] by the [[ axis powers ]] . capitulating only 11 days later , it ceased to exist [[ april |
| 8 | as an independent state . montenegro officially declared its independence on [[ june 3 ]] , [[ 2006 ]] , while serbia declared independence on june 5 , thereby ending the | last | vestiges of the former yugoslav federation . _ _ toc _ _ {{ splitsection | history of yugoslavia }} = = background = = during the early period of the world | ||
| 60150694 | 7 | . in every republic , beginning with slovenia and croatia in the spring , governments ignored the monetary restrictions of marković ' s stabilisation programme in order to win votes . | the newly elected regional government then turned their efforts to the break - up of the country | in every republic , beginning with slovenia and croatia in the spring , governments ignored the monetary restrictions of marković ' s stabilisation programme in order to win votes . after | |
| 10 | in order to win votes . after winning elections , they worked hard to break up the country . but the us government as a whole opted for the priority of | sidelining yugoslav cohesion in favour of pushing ahead with | the shock therapy programme over yugoslav cohesion . thus was the internal dynamic towards the yugoslav collapse into civil war decisively accelerated . the only european states which did have a | ||
| 19 | it up . it would be wrong , of course , to suggest that there were no other , specifically yugoslav , structural flaws which helped to generate the collapse . | for instance , | many would argue that the decentralised market socialism was a disastrous experiment for a state in yugoslavia ' s geopolitical situation . the 1974 constitution , though better for the kosovar | ||
| 23 | yugoslavia altogether and ' join europe ' . the appeal of milosević in serbia was to the fact that the west was acting against the serbian people ' s interests . | and | these appeals worked . in every republic , beginning with slovenia and croatia in the spring , governments ignored the monetary restrictions of marković ' s stabilisation programme in order to | ||
| 24 | . in every republic , beginning with slovenia and croatia in the spring , governments ignored the monetary restrictions of marković ' s stabilisation programme in order to win votes . | after winning elections , | they worked hard to break up the country . but the us government as a whole opted for the priority of the shock therapy programme over yugoslav cohesion . thus was | ||
| 25 | votes . after winning elections , they worked hard to break up the country . but the us government as a whole opted for the priority of the shock therapy programme | over yugoslav cohesion | . thus was the internal dynamic towards the yugoslav collapse into civil war decisively accelerated . the only european states which did have a strategic interest in the yugoslav theatre tended | ||
| 63135279 | 0 | languages ]] , ' ' југославија ' ' in [[ serbian language | serbian ]] and [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] [[ cyrillic ]] ) is a term used for | the | three separate but successive political entities that existed during most of the [[ 20th century ]] on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in [[ europe ]] . translated , the name | |
| 1 | separate but successive political entities that existed during most of the [[ 20th century ]] on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in [[ europe ]] . translated , the name means | ' ' | land of the south [[ slavs ]] ( ' ' jug ' ' in the word ' ' jugoslavija ' ' means south ) . # the ' ' ' [[ | ||
| 3 | ( ' ' jug ' ' in the word ' ' jugoslavija ' ' means south ) . # the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' | , also known as the first yugoslavia , | was a [[ monarchy | kingdom ]] formed in [[ december 1 ]] , [[ 1918 ]] , which was originally formed as the ' ' ' kingdom of serbs , | ||
| 14 | federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ( fpry ) ' ' ' . # the ' ' ' [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( fry ) ' ' ' | was formed | in 1992 on the territory of the two remaining republics of [[ serbia ]] ( including the autonomous provinces of [[ vojvodina ]] and [[ kosovo - metohia ]] ) and | ||
| 63135388 | 6 | established immediately after [[ world war ii ]] in [[ november 29 ]] , [[ 1945 ]] as the ' ' ' democratic federation of yugoslavia ( dfy ) ' ' | ' | , which in [[ 1946 ]] became the ' ' ' federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ( fpry ) ' ' ' . it is also known as the | |
| 9 | ethnic conflicts and the declaration of independence by most of the constituent republics lead to the formation of the ' ' ' [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ( fry ) | ' ' ' | in 1992 on the territory of the two remaining republics of [[ serbia ]] ( including the autonomous provinces of [[ vojvodina ]] and [[ kosovo and metohija ]] ) and | ||
| 63201915 | 0 | / go / pr / fr / - / 1 / hi / world / europe / 4997380 . stm timeline : break - up of yugoslavia at bbc news ] | {{ unreferenced }} | [[ category : yugoslavia | ]] [[ category : former countries in the balkans ]] [[ ar : يوغوسلافيا ]] [[ be : югаславія | |
| 63279868 | 0 | . according to the secret treaty of london , these included istria and large parts of dalmatia , where relatively small numbers of italians lived compared to the surrounding slavs . | [[ image : landsforserbia . png | thumb | right | 200px | lands offered to serbia by the allies in 1915 . in london ]] | although in 1915 the serbian assembly had pledged itself to work for the liberation of all [[ serbs ]] , [[ croats ]] and [[ slovenes ]] , non - serb | |
| 63327901 | 30 | was passed by vote on 28 june 1921 with the help of some minor parties including the yugoslav muslim organization . shortly after the constitution was passed , old king peter | i ]] | died . he was succeeded by prince aleksandar ii karađorđević . croats , as well as albanians , who were angry at the serb return to kosovo , harboured grievances against | |
| 51 | parliament , puniša račić , a montenegrin serb , leapt up in the chamber and shot two croats and wounded three others , including stjepan radić , who eventually died . | račić gave himself up and was convicted for the crime . = = = king alexander ' s dictatorship = = = | following this , king aleksandar i banned national political parties in 1929 , assumed executive power and renamed the country yugoslavia . he hoped to curb separatist tendencies and mitigate nationalist | ||
| 64 | separatist tendencies and mitigate nationalist passions . however , the balance of power changed in international relations : in italy and germany , fascists and nazis rose to power , and | [[ joseph | stalin became the absolute ruler in the soviet union . none of these three states favoured the policy pursued by aleksandar i . in fact , the first two wanted to | ||
| 77 | king was assassinated in marseilles by a macedonian with the cooperation of the ustashi - a croatian separatist organization . alexander was succeeded by his eleven year old son peter ii | of yugoslavia | peter ii ]] | and a regency council headed by his cousin prince paul . the international political scene in the late 1930s was marked by growing intolerance between the principal figures , by the | ||
| 78 | of the ustashi - a croatian separatist organization . alexander was succeeded by his eleven year old son peter ii and a regency council headed by his cousin prince paul . | = = = the 1930s in yugoslavia = = = | the international political scene in the late 1930s was marked by growing intolerance between the principal figures , by the aggressive attitude of the totalitarian regimes and by the certainty that | ||
| 93 | [[ march 27 ]] . army general [[ dušan simović ]] seized power , arrested the vienna delegation , exiled paul , and ended the regency , giving 17 year old | [[ peter ii of yugoslavia | | king peter full powers . [[ adolf hitler | hitler ]] then decided to attack yugoslavia on [[ april 6 ]] , followed immediately by an invasion of [[ greece ]] | ||
| 63330276 | 0 | power , arrested the vienna delegation , exiled paul , and ended the regency , giving 17 year old [[ peter ii of yugoslavia | king peter ]] full powers . | = = = the begining of wwii in yugoslavia = = = | = = = the invasion of yugoslavia = = = [[ adolf hitler | hitler ]] then decided to attack yugoslavia on [[ april 6th ]] 1941 , followed immediately by | |
| 25 | serb - composed nationalistic royalist guerilla army led by colonel [[ draža mihajlović ]] . those inclined towards supporting the [[ communist party of yugoslavia | communist party ]] ( and | were | against the king ) joined the [[ partisans ( yugoslavia ) | yugoslav national liberation army ]] , led by [[ josip broz tito ]] , a [[ croats | croat | ||
| 39 | jajce ]] and established the basis for post - war organisation of the country , establishing a federation ( this date was celebrated as republic day after the war ) . | = = = the liberation of yugoslavia = = = | the nla was able to expel the axis from serbia in 1944 and the rest of yugoslavia in 1945 . the [[ red army ]] aided in liberating [[ belgrade ]] | ||
| 49 | the emigration loyal to the king , led to the [[ tito - šubašić agreement ]] in june 1944 , however tito was seen as a national hero by the citizens | and | , | so he gained the power in post - war independent [[ communism | communist ]] state , starting as a [[ prime minister ]] . = = the second yugoslavia = | |
| 63517403 | 15 | penezić krcun , tito ' s chief of secret police in serbia , fell victim to a dubious traffic incident after he started to complain about tito ' s politics . | the interior | minister of the interior aleksandar ranković lost all of his titles and rights after a major disagreement with tito regarding state politics . sometimes ministers in government , such as [[ | |
| 41 | fascism for barbarous slaughter and also exploited anti - serb sentiment amongst the kosovo albanian - and some elements in the bosnian muslim - population to bolster their rule . there | had | has | been one structural element in the post - world war ii yugoslav state ' s stability : the joint concern of the ussr and the usa to maintain the integrity of | |
| 52 | within the yugoslav communist party , allied to western business , banking and state interests and began pushing towards neoliberalism , to the delight of the us . it was the | [[ ronald | reagan administration which , in 1984 , had adopted " shock therapy " proposal to push yugoslavia towards a capitalist restoration . this , naturally , undermined a central pillar of | ||
| 53 | the yugoslav communist party , allied to western business , banking and state interests and began pushing towards neoliberalism , to the delight of the us . it was the reagan | | reagan ]] | administration which , in 1984 , had adopted " shock therapy " proposal to push yugoslavia towards a capitalist restoration . this , naturally , undermined a central pillar of the | ||
| 56 | business , banking and state interests and began pushing towards neoliberalism , to the delight of the us . it was the reagan administration which , in 1984 , had adopted | a | " shock therapy " proposal to push yugoslavia towards a capitalist restoration . this , naturally , undermined a central pillar of the state : the socialist link between the communist | ||
| 59 | the forms and effects of this varied in different parts of yugoslavia . first in kosovo in 1981 , where the links between yugoslav communism and the population had always been | the | weakest and where the economic crisis was most intense , there was an uprising demanding full republican status for kosovo , as well as unification with albania . in 1989 jeffrey | ||
| 63521475 | 11 | . this was then used by social groups in yugoslavia and in the west to undermine the collectivised core of the economy and push yugoslavia towards a capitalist restoration . some | [[ europe | | european governments actually had their interests and wanted the break - up of yugoslavia , something not true in the case of any other part of east central europe at that | |
| 37 | croatia . the real goal of austrian policy was to expand austria ' s regional influence since it " saw the yugoslav crisis as an auspicious moment for self - assertion | ' ' | " . in the summer of 1991 the ec was finally prompted to warn austria that if it continued its energetic efforts to break up yugoslavia it would be excluded from | ||
| 71 | albanians | ethnic albanian ]] miners in [[ kosovo ]] organized strikes , which dovetailed into ethnic conflict between the albanians and the non - albanians in the province . at | 90 | [[ demographic history of kosovo # 1968 - 1989 : autonomy | 77 | % of the population of kosovo in the 1980 ' s , ethnic - albanians were the majority . the number of slavs in kosovo ( mainly serbs ) was falling | |
| 72 | ethnic albanian ]] miners in [[ kosovo ]] organized strikes , which dovetailed into ethnic conflict between the albanians and the non - albanians in the province . at 90 % | ]] | of the population of kosovo in the 1980 ' s , ethnic - albanians were the majority . the number of slavs in kosovo ( mainly serbs ) was falling fast | ||
| 81 | arguing over the future of the league of communists and yugoslavia . the serbian delegation , led by milošević , insisted on a policy of " one person , one vote | ' ' | " , which would empower the majority population , the serbs . in turn , the slovenians , supported by croatians , sought to reform yugoslavia as to devolve power even | ||
| 134 | , the slovene territorial defence forces retook most of the posts within several days with only minimal loss of life on both sides . recently the austrian orf tv station showed | [[ ten - day _ war # holmec _ incident | | footage of several young yugoslav soldiers at holmec ( border crossing with austria ) , carrying a white cloth and raising their hands in the air , apparently to surrender to | ||
| 137 | [[ moratorium ]] on their independence declarations . during these three months , the yugoslav army completed its pull - out of slovenia , but in croatia , a bloody war | in croatia | war ]] | broke out in the autumn of 1991 . ethnic serbs , who had created the [[ republic of serbian krajina ]] in heavily serb - populated regions resisted the forces of | ||
| 142 | september 1991 , the republic of macedonia also declared independence becoming the only former republic to gain sovereignty without resistance from the belgrade based yugoslav authorities . 500 u . s | . | soldiers were then deployed under the u . n . banner to monitor macedonia ' s northern borders with the republic of serbia , yugoslavia . macedonia ' s first president | ||
| 145 | preševo ]] valley complete the northern reaches of the historical region known as macedonia , which would otherwise create a border dispute if ever macedonian nationalism should resurface ( see [[ | internal macedonian revolutionary organization | | imoro ]] ) . as a result of the conflict , the [[ united nations security council ]] unanimously adopted [[ un security council resolution 721 ]] on [[ november 27 | ||
| 148 | was then used by social groups in yugoslavia and in the west to undermine the collectivised core of the economy and push yugoslavia towards a capitalist restoration . some european governments | actually | had their interests and wanted the break - up of yugoslavia , something not true in the case of any other part of east central europe at that time . their | ||
| 149 | heard and the troops were seen falling down . slovenia was accused of shooting them , which was later proven a farce , since all three soldiers are still alive . | more information is available under [[ ten - day war ]] in slovenia article . | ceasefire was agreed on . in the [[ brioni agreement ]] , agreed upon by representatives of all republics , the international community pressured slovenia and croatia to place a three | ||
| 63522201 | 0 | thereafter . the so - called badinter commission formed by the [[ european community ]] declared in early 1992 that the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia had " dissolved " . | = = = = the end of the second yugoslavia = = = = | various dates are considered as the end of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia : * [[ june 25 ]] , [[ 1991 ]] , when croatia and slovenia declared independence | |
| 64174882 | 1 | and co - ordinated coalition involving austria , germany , hungary and the vatican all pushing for the same goal : yugoslavia ' s break up . this campaign was not | , of course , | supported by the united states . it championed yugoslav unity as did [[ britain ]] and [[ france ]] . but for the us unity was not the main thing : | |
| 65110599 | 4 | gov / frd / cs / yutoc . html yugoslavia ] {{ note | malcolm }} [[ noel malcolm ]] – ' ' bosnia – a short history ' ' ( | macmillan , 1994 | ) = = external links = = * [ http : / / www . tenc . net / yugo . htm a library of analysis and documents refuting the standard | |
| 65111870 | 1 | albanians | ethnic albanian ]] miners in [[ kosovo ]] organized strikes , which dovetailed into ethnic conflict between the albanians and the non - albanians in the province . at | 77 % of the population of kosovo in the 1980 ' s , < ref > | [[ demographic history of kosovo # 1968 - 1989 : autonomy | 77 % ]] of the population of kosovo in the 1980 ' s , ethnic - albanians were the | |
| 7 | strikes , which dovetailed into ethnic conflict between the albanians and the non - albanians in the province . at [[ demographic history of kosovo # 1968 - 1989 : autonomy | | 77 % | ]] of the population of kosovo in the 1980 ' s , ethnic - albanians were the majority . the number of [[ slavs ]] in kosovo ( mainly serbs ) | ||
| 67313073 | 1 | and [[ kosovo ]] . real earnings were in a free fall , social programmes had collapsed creating within the population an atmosphere of social despair and hopelessness . this was | an | a | critical turning point in the yugoslav tragedy . in the spring of 1990 , marković was by far the most popular politician , not only in yugoslavia as a whole , |
| 68011126 | 8 | federation of yugoslavia ( dfy ) ' ' , which in [[ 1946 ]] became the ' ' federal people ' s republic of yugoslavia ( fpry ) ' ' . | it is also known as the second yugoslavia . ethnic conflicts and | the declaration of independence by most of the constituent republics lead to the formation of the ' ' ' [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' ( fry ) | |
| 68205631 | 2 | the war with promise of substantial territorial gains in exchange . according to the secret treaty of london , these included istria and large parts of dalmatia , where relatively small | numbers | numtbers | of italians lived compared to the surrounding slavs . [[ image : landsforserbia . png | thumb | right | 300px | lands offered to serbia by the allies in 1915 |
| 68217470 | 0 | ialians lived compared to the surrounding slavs . [[ image : landsforserbia . png | thumb | right | 300px | lands offered to serbia by the allies in 1915 . | in london | ]] although in 1915 the serbian assembly had pledged itself to work for the liberation of all [[ serbs ]] , [[ croats ]] and [[ slovenes ]] , non - | |
| 69392268 | 2 | was thus a focused and co - ordinated coalition involving austria , germany , hungary and the vatican all pushing for the same goal : yugoslavia ' s break up . | {{ fact }} | this campaign was not supported by the united states , which championed yugoslav unity as did [[ britain ]] and [[ france ]] . but for the us unity was not | |
| 3 | , during the demonstrations in [[ split ]] ( croatia ) , a young [[ yugoslavs | yugoslav ]] conscript was pushed off the tank after driving it through people . | {{ fact }} | also guns were fired from army bases through croatia . elsewhere , tensions were running high . in the same month , the [[ yugoslav people ' s army ]] ( | ||
| 69393098 | 0 | war with promise of substantial territorial gains in exchange . according to the secret [[ london pact ]] , these included istria and large parts of dalmatia , where relatively small | numtbers | numbers | of italians lived compared to the surrounding slavs . [[ image : landsforserbia . png | thumb | right | 300px | lands offered to serbia by the allies in 1915 |
| 73873161 | 0 | policies . alexander was succeeded by his eleven year old son [[ peter ii of yugoslavia | peter ii ]] and a regency council headed by his cousin prince paul . | yugoslavics are gay too . | = = = the 1930s in yugoslavia = = = the international political scene in the late 1930s was marked by growing intolerance between the principal figures , by the aggressive | |
| 73873313 | 0 | policies . alexander was succeeded by his eleven year old son [[ peter ii of yugoslavia | peter ii ]] and a regency council headed by his cousin prince paul . | yugoslavics are gay too . | = = = the 1930s in yugoslavia = = = the international political scene in the late 1930s was marked by growing intolerance between the principal figures , by the aggressive | |
| 74361930 | 0 | habsburg empire ]] ( austria - hungary ) increased and the idea of a union between them became stronger . during the early period of the world war i ( which | penis | started in [[ 1914 ]] ) , a number of prominent political figures , including [[ ante trumbić ]] , [[ ivan meštrović ]] , [[ nikola stojanović ]] and others | |
| 74364507 | 0 | habsburg empire ]] ( austria - hungary ) increased and the idea of a union between them became stronger . during the early period of the world war i ( which | penis | started in [[ 1914 ]] ) , a number of prominent political figures , including [[ ante trumbić ]] , [[ ivan meštrović ]] , [[ nikola stojanović ]] and others | |
| 76674084 | 2 | , to the delight of the us . it was the [[ ronald reagan | reagan ]] administration which , in [[ 1984 ]] , had adopted a " shock therapy | _ ( economics ) | shock therapy ]] | " proposal to push yugoslavia towards a capitalist restoration . this , naturally , undermined a central pillar of the state : the socialist link between the communist party and the | |
| 5 | [[ jeffrey sachs ]] was in yugoslavia helping the federal government under [[ ante marković ]] prepare the imf / [[ world bank group | world bank ]] " shock therapy | _ ( economics ) | shock therapy ]] | " package , which was then introduced in [[ 1990 ]] just at the time when the crucial parliamentary elections were being held in the various republics . one aspect of | ||
| 8 | introduced in [[ 1990 ]] just at the time when the crucial parliamentary elections were being held in the various republics . one aspect of yugoslavia ' s " shock therapy | _ ( economics ) | shock therapy ]] | " programme was both unique within the region and of great political importance in 1989 - 90 . the bankruptcy law to liquidate state enterprises was enacted in the 1989 financial | ||
| 11 | of support showed how much of the yugoslav population remained strongly committed to the state ' s preservation . but marković had coupled his yugoslavism with the imf " shock therapy | _ ( economics ) | shock therapy ]] | " programme and ec conditionality and it was this which gave the separatists in the north west and the nationalists in serbia their opening . the appeal of the separatists in | ||
| 14 | break - up of the country . they were aided by the us government ' s stance of sidelining yugoslav cohesion in favour of pushing ahead with the " shock therapy | _ ( economics ) | shock therapy ]] | " programme . indeed , it is likely that the internal dynamics towards yugoslav collapse into civil war may have been inadvertently accelerated by the actions of the [[ george h | ||
| 77742446 | 0 | and slovenes and was to be constitutional monarchy under the karađorđević dynasty . i want to have sex wed you , baby ! ! [[ media : example . ogg ]] | š | = = headline text = = i want to have sex , then a little girl baby ! like you , baby ! mabye , a little baby ! ! [[ | |
| 79340239 | 0 | fled to london where they began work on forming yugoslav committee and their mission was to represent the south slavs of the empire . they chose london as their headquarters . | heyy cutiee ! ! | = = = the yugoslav committee = = = the [[ yugoslav committee ]] ( ' ' jugoslavenski odbor ' ' ) was officially formed on [[ april 30 ]] , | |
| 79340331 | 1 | on forming yugoslav committee and their mission was to represent the south slavs of the empire . they chose london as their headquarters . heyy cutiee ! ! = ] = | = = corfu agreement = = = however , during june and july 1917 , the yugoslav committee met with the serbian government in corfu and on [[ 20 july ]] a declaration that laid foundation of the post - war state was issued . the preamble stated that the serbs , croats and slovenes were " the same by blood , by language , by the feelings of their unity , by the continuity and integrity of the territory which they inhabit undividedly , and by the common vital interests of their national survival and manifold development of their moral and material life " . the future state was to be called the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes and was to be constitutional monarchy under the karađorđević dynasty . | ] | = = = the unification of south slavs = = = as the habsburg empire dissolved , a national council of slovenes , croats and serbs took power in zagreb on |
| 79348366 | 0 | began work on forming yugoslav committee and their mission was to represent the south slavs of the empire . they chose london as their headquarters . heyy cutiee ! ! = | ] heyycutiee ! ! | = = the yugoslav committee = = = the [[ yugoslav committee ]] ( ' ' jugoslavenski odbor ' ' ) was officially formed on [[ april 30 ]] , [[ 1915 ]] in [[ london ]] , and it began to raise funds , especially among south slavs living in the americas . because of their stature , the members of the yugoslav committee were able to make their views known to the allied governments , which began to take them increasingly seriously , especially as the fate of [[ austro - hungarian empire ]] looked more uncertain . while the committee ' s basic aim was the unification of the habsburg south slav lands with serbia ( which was independent at the time ) , its more immediate concern was to head off italian claims in [[ istria ]] and [[ dalmatia ]] , which was a very real concern . in [[ 1915 ]] , the allies had lured the italians into the war with promise of substantial territorial gains in exchange . according to the secret [[ london pact ]] , these included istria and large parts of dalmatia , where relatively small numbers of italians lived compared to the surrounding slavs . [[ image : landsforserbia . png | thumb | right | 300px | lands offered to serbia by the allies in 1915 . ]] although in 1915 the serbian assembly had pledged itself to work for the liberation of all [[ serbs ]] , [[ croats ]] and [[ slovenes ]] , non - serb members of the yugoslav committee became alarmed when the allies offered serbia lands that had not been reserved for italians . these included bosnia , herzegovina , slavonia , [[ bačka ]] and parts of dalmatia . croat members of the committee feared a carve - up of croat lands between serbia and italy . there were also quarrels about the designation and command of units of south slav pows in russia now being mobilised to fight with the allies . the yugoslav committee wanted them to fight in the yugoslav name , while [[ nikola pašić ]] ( prime minister of serbia ) seeing in this a " croat army " , wanted them to fight under the serbian flag . | = ] = = = the unification of south slavs = = = as the habsburg empire dissolved , a national council of slovenes , croats and serbs took power in |
| 1 | committee and their mission was to represent the south slavs of the empire . they chose london as their headquarters . heyy cutiee ! ! = ] heyycutiee ! ! = | ] | = = corfu agreement = = = however , during june and july 1917 , the yugoslav committee met with the serbian government in corfu and on [[ 20 july ]] a declaration that laid foundation of the post - war state was issued . the preamble stated that the serbs , croats and slovenes were " the same by blood , by language , by the feelings of their unity , by the continuity and integrity of the territory which they inhabit undividedly , and by the common vital interests of their national survival and manifold development of their moral and material life " . the future state was to be called the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes and was to be constitutional monarchy under the karađorđević dynasty . | = = = the unification of south slavs = = = as the habsburg empire dissolved , a national council of slovenes , croats and serbs took power in zagreb on | |
| 80302929 | 2 | | 19th ]] and early [[ 20th century ]] . as the ottoman empire grew weaker and serbia , bulgaria and greece grew stronger after the [[ berlin congress ]] , | so | hope for sovereignty of the south slavic peoples in the [[ habsburg empire ]] ( austria - hungary ) increased and the idea of a union between them became stronger . | |
| 4 | fled to london where they began work on forming yugoslav committee and their mission was to represent the south slavs of the empire . they chose london as their headquarters . | england was blessed with its isolated position that protected it in times of wars many times , and it was fighting against habsburgs . | = = = the yugoslav committee = = = the [[ yugoslav committee ]] ( ' ' jugoslavenski odbor ' ' ) was officially formed on [[ april 30 ]] , | ||
| 80305420 | 3 | western and central europe . the chetniks initially made notable incursions and were supported by the exiled royal government as well as the [[ allies ]] , but were soon restrained | , by the exiled prince and by the internal infighting for power betwen the fractions that wanted to fight nazis and others that wanted to join nazis to fight partizans , | from taking wider actions due to german reprisals against the serb civilian population . for every killed soldier , the germans executed 100 civilians , and for each wounded , they | |
| 80306243 | 6 | | slovenes ]] ( and [[ croats ]] in [[ istria ]] ) . however , the nla withdrew from trieste in [[ june ]] of the same year . westerner | foolish | attempts to reunite the partisans , who denied supremacy of the old government of the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , and the emigration loyal to the king , led to | |
| 80313028 | 3 | yugoslavia ' s [[ gross domestic product ]] averaged 6 . 1 % . there was 91 % literacy and an average life expectancy of 72 years . the state provided | exceptional quality , particularly for western standards , free | housing , health care , education , and child care . citizens lived well on a per capita income of $ 3 , 000 a year ( in [[ 1980 ]] | |
| 6 | were the president ( tito ) , the federal prime minister , and the federal parliament ( a collective presidency was formed after tito ' s death in 1980 ) . | also | to a degree , | important were the [[ communist party of yugoslavia | communist party ]] presidents for each republic and province , and the president of central committee of the communist party . josip | |
| 16 | greater [[ croatia ]] n autonomy . the regime stifled the public protest and incarcerated the leaders , but many key croatian representatives in the party silently supported this cause , | as many of them were infiltraed perpetrators ( as the exodus of " croatian " communists " into the hdz later on so abundantly demonstrated ) | so a new [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution ]] was ratified in 1974 that gave more rights to the individual republics in yugoslavia and provinces | ||
| 23 | , borrowing vast amounts of western capital in order to fund growth through exports . western economies then entered recession , blocked yugoslav exports and created a huge debt problem . | how convenient | western economies then entered recession , blocked yugoslav exports and created a huge debt problem . the yugoslav government then accepted the [[ international monetary fund | imf ]] ' s | ||
| 25 | yugoslav government then accepted the [[ international monetary fund | imf ]] ' s conditionalities which shifted the burden of the crisis onto the yugoslav working class . simultaneously , strong | so - called | social groups emerged within the [[ league of communists of yugoslavia | yugoslav communist party ]] , allied to western business , banking and state interests and began pushing towards [[ | ||
| 27 | [[ league of communists of yugoslavia | yugoslav communist party ]] , allied to western business , banking and state interests and began pushing towards [[ neoliberalism ]] , to the | final and obvious | delight of the us . it was the [[ ronald reagan | reagan ]] administration which , in [[ 1984 ]] , had adopted a " [[ shock _ therapy _ | ||
| 28 | yugoslav communist party ]] , allied to western business , banking and state interests and began pushing towards [[ neoliberalism ]] , to the delight of the us . it was | told many times wrongly that | the [[ ronald reagan | reagan ]] administration which , in [[ 1984 ]] , had adopted a " [[ shock _ therapy _ ( economics ) | shock therapy ]] | ||
| 36 | per capita income of $ 3 , 000 a year ( in [[ 1980 ]] dollars ) , with one month paid vacation , plus a year ' s maternity leave | , if needed | . respect for workers was a central concern of government and society . = = = the government = = = [[ image : proslavatito . jpg | thumb | right | ||
| 80313856 | 4 | per capita income of $ 3 , 000 a year ( in [[ 1980 ]] dollars ) , with one month paid vacation , plus a year ' s maternity leave | , if needed | . respect for workers was a central concern of government and society , reflected in full integration of workers in management of their workplace . results that invariably demonstrated that democratic | |
| 5 | in 1980 - it served as an example of collective government for european community , which employed jugoslav rotational presidency principle for eu government as being supreme democratic principle ) . | to a degree , | also | important were the [[ communist party of yugoslavia | communist party ]] presidents for each republic and province , and the president of central committee of the communist party . however | |
| 16 | yugoslavia ' s [[ gross domestic product ]] averaged 6 . 1 % . there was 91 % literacy and an average life expectancy of 72 years . the state provided | exceptional quality , particularly for western standards , free | housing , health care , education , and child care . citizens lived well on a per capita income of $ 3 , 000 a year ( in [[ 1980 ]] | ||
| 23 | was led by defeated ustaše , known nazist collaborators during the wwii , and arrested the leaders , but many key croatian representatives in the party silently supported this cause , | as many of them were infiltraed perpetrators ( as the exodus of " croatian " communists " into the hdz later on so abundantly demonstrated ) | so a new [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution ]] was ratified in 1974 that gave more rights to the individual republics in yugoslavia and provinces | ||
| 30 | as it would have been expected from a capitalist system , determined to end the successful growth of its worst enemy - successful and democratically superior communism . simultaneously , strong | so - called | social groups emerged within the [[ league of communists of yugoslavia | yugoslav communist party ]] , this time openly allied to western business , banking and state interests and began | ||
| 32 | communists of yugoslavia | yugoslav communist party ]] , this time openly allied to western business , banking and state interests and began pushing towards [[ neoliberalism ]] , to the | final and obvious | delight of the us . it was told many times wrongly that the [[ ronald reagan | reagan ]] administration in [[ 1984 ]] , had adopted a " [[ shock | ||
| 33 | time openly allied to western business , banking and state interests and began pushing towards [[ neoliberalism ]] , to the final and obvious delight of the us . it was | told many times wrongly that | the [[ ronald reagan | reagan ]] administration in [[ 1984 ]] , had adopted a " [[ shock _ therapy _ ( economics ) | shock therapy ]] " proposal | ||
| 80314145 | 20 | serious momentum in the late 19th century . at that time the ottoman empire grew weaker and serbia , bulgaria and greece grew stronger after the [[ berlin congress ]] , | so | hope for sovereignty of the south slavic peoples in the [[ habsburg empire ]] ( austria - hungary ) increased and the idea of a union between them became stronger . | |
| 21 | to london where they began work on forming yugoslav committee and their mission was to represent the south slavs of the empire . the choice was obvious for two reasons . | england was blessed with its isolated position that protected it in times of wars many times , and it was fighting against habsburgs . | = = = the yugoslav committee = = = the [[ yugoslav committee ]] ( ' ' jugoslavenski odbor ' ' ) was officially formed on [[ april 30 ]] , | ||
| 24 | western and central europe . the chetniks initially made notable incursions and were supported by the exiled royal government as well as the [[ allies ]] , but were soon restrained | , by the exiled prince and by the internal infighting for power betwen the fractions that wanted to fight nazis and others that wanted to join nazis to fight partizans , | from taking wider actions due to german reprisals against the serb civilian population . for every killed soldier , the germans executed 100 civilians , and for each wounded , they | ||
| 26 | | slovenes ]] ( and [[ croats ]] in [[ istria ]] ) . however , the nov withdrew from trieste in [[ june ]] of the same year . westerner | foolish | attempts to reunite the partisans , who denied supremacy of the old government of the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , and the emigration loyal to the king , led to | ||
| 80376751 | 0 | freedon was to unite and free themselves of tyranies and dictatorships under the austro - hungarian and turkish occupiers . they gave it the name ilirski pokret ( illyric movement ) | and gathered many prominent intellectuals and politicians around the new idea , | but it really gained large momentum at the end of the nineteenth century . as the ottoman empire grew weaker and serbia , bulgaria and greece grew stronger after the [[ | |
| 2 | themselves of tyranies and dictatorships under the austro - hungarian and turkish occupiers . they gave it the name ilirski pokret ( illyric movement ) but it really gained large momentum | only | at the end of the nineteenth century . as the ottoman empire grew weaker and serbia , bulgaria and greece grew stronger after the [[ berlin congress ]] , hope for | ||
| 80382137 | 7 | - up did not occur until the late spring of 1991 , but long before that both slovenia and croatia were getting encouragement from [[ bonn ]] for their efforts . | germany was only happy to help disappearance of the country it still owed almost hundred billions of us dollars in the name of wwii reparations . it was the money that helped germany to be born twice . first , when jugoslav president tito offered germany to repay the debt when it recovers from the repaying other countries , and then when germans realised that if jugoslavia disappears , germany could finance , otherwise disastrous , re - unification with east germany . if jugoslavia did not breakup , germany would not have been able to finance its own re - union . | there was thus a focused and co - ordinated coalition involving austria , germany , hungary and the vatican all pushing for the same goal : yugoslavia ' s break up | |
| 9 | the main thing : its policy was principally governed by its concern to ensure the imposition of " shock therapy " on the country as a whole via the imf . | as they always did , they kept the posture of trying to help , when in the background , through their vasals , us was pushing hard for the breakup , looking greedily at real estate and strategic positions around the country , along the long ago proposed highway to turkey . | the only european states which did have a strategic interest in the yugoslav theatre tended to want to break it up . it would be wrong , of course , to | ||
| 10 | up . it would be wrong , of course , to suggest that there were no other , specifically yugoslav , structural flaws which helped to generate the collapse . many | so - called " experts " | would argue that the decentralised market socialism was a disastrous experiment for a state in yugoslavia ' s geopolitical situation . the [[ 1974 ]] constitution , though better for the | ||
| 11 | , structural flaws which helped to generate the collapse . many would argue that the decentralised market socialism was a disastrous experiment for a state in yugoslavia ' s geopolitical situation | . nothing could have been further from the truth , as the stellar growth and rapid industrialisation have demonstrated . so external enemies had to play through the system in ord to destabilise the country and make it look like it was crumbling under its own problems . economy and the political system , being socialist one , were the great excuses for imperialist capitalism | . the [[ 1974 ]] constitution , though better for the [[ kosovo | kosovar ]] [[ albanians ]] , gave too much to the republics , crippling the institutional and | ||
| 12 | - 1989 : autonomy ]] < / ref > ethnic - albanians were the majority . the number of [[ slavs ]] in kosovo ( mainly serbs ) was falling fast | due to ever increasing violence of albanians against serbian population , | and by [[ 1999 ]] they formed as little as 10 % of the two million population . meanwhile [[ slovenia ]] , under the presidency of [[ milan kučan ]] | ||
| 26 | in favour of slovenia and croatia and their strongly expressed demands for looser ties within federation . the collapse of yugoslavia was the result of both internal and external factors . | assigning comparative weight to the external as against the internal factors in the generalised crisis that shook yugoslavia in [[ 1990 ]] - [[ 1991 ]] is a complex matter . but without understanding the roles of the western powers in helping to produce and channel the crisis , it is difficult to understand the disintegration of yugoslavia . the fundamental cause of the yugoslav collapse was an economic crisis . this was then used by social groups in yugoslavia and in the west to undermine the collectivised core of the economy and push yugoslavia towards a capitalist restoration . some [[ europe | european ]] governments had their interests and wanted the break - up of yugoslavia , something not true in the case of any other part of [[ eastern europe | east ]] [[ central europe | central ]] [[ europe ]] at that time . | their pressure thus combined with the general western drive for capitalism to speed the break - up during 1989 - 90 . on one side were a number of european states | ||
| 80539426 | 0 | the future constituent assembly . the most prominent opponent of this decision was stjepan radić , the leader of the croatian peasant party ( hrvatska seljačka stranka , hss ) . | this will be the issue that will eventually help the final destruction of modern jugoslavija in 1990 , along with incessant attacks of imperialist forces from the west , led by us and their faithful , servile allies . | however , the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes was declared on 1 december 1918 in belgrade . = = kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes = = {{ | |
| 80541881 | 1 | the liberation of yugoslavia = = = the nla was able to expel the axis from serbia in [[ 1944 ]] and the rest of yugoslavia in [[ 1945 ]] . | the | nov allowed | [[ red army ]] aided in liberating [[ belgrade ]] as well as some other territories , but withdrew after the war was over . in [[ may ]] 1945 , |
| 80542773 | 2 | country until it dissolved . = = = the economy = = = although rigorously socialist in developing her industrial base , yugoslavia allowed a certain amount of capitalist incursions , | to the surprise | in the spirit of pluralism . this openness to western investment , however , sowed the seeds of the federation ' s demise . meanwhile , yugoslavia enjoyed stability and peace | |
| 80543010 | 0 | ) , with one month paid vacation , plus a year ' s maternity leave , if needed . respect for workers was a central concern of government and society . | spectacular results grew grave concerns in the imperialist and capital west , and envy around the world . | = = = the government = = = [[ image : proslavatito . jpg | thumb | right | 200px | 1968 . [[ league of communists of yugoslavia | yugoslav | |
| 80543661 | 0 | were the president ( tito ) , the federal prime minister , and the federal parliament ( a collective presidency was formed after tito ' s death in 1980 ) . | also | following the marxist doctrine about the first phase of socialist society development , | important were the [[ communist party of yugoslavia | communist party ]] presidents for each republic and province , and the president of central committee of the communist party . josip |
| 80546176 | 0 | [[ kosovo | kosovar ]] [[ albanians ]] - and some elements in the [[ bosniaks | bosnian muslim ]] - population to bolster their rule . there has been one | external | structural element in the post - world war ii yugoslav state ' s stability : the joint concern of the [[ soviet union | ussr ]] and the [[ united states | |
| 1 | . the economic crisis was the product of disastrous errors by yugoslav governments in the 1970s , borrowing vast amounts of western capital in order to fund growth through exports . | as jugoslavia was the last country in the world germans had yet to repay for the damages made during the occupation in the wwii , capitalist governments in the west , concerned with growing success of jugoslav democratic socialism , offered these funds under supposedly " favourable " conditions . | western economies then entered recession , blocked yugoslav exports and created a huge debt problem . the yugoslav government then accepted the [[ international monetary fund | imf ]] ' s | ||
| 3 | then accepted the [[ international monetary fund | imf ]] ' s conditionalities which shifted the burden of the crisis onto the yugoslav working class . simultaneously , strong social groups | , already created and groomed for years by infiltrated spies and agents ( usually domestic traitors ) | emerged within the [[ league of communists of yugoslavia | yugoslav communist party ]] , allied to western business , banking and state interests and began pushing towards [[ neoliberalism ]] | ||
| 8 | of this varied in different parts of yugoslavia . first in kosovo in [[ 1981 ]] , where the links between yugoslav communism and the population had always been the weakest | , due to the enormous influx of " refugees " from albania , | and where the economic crisis was most intense , there was an uprising demanding full republican status for kosovo , as well as unification with [[ albania ]] . [[ image | ||
| 9 | in different parts of yugoslavia . first in kosovo in [[ 1981 ]] , where the links between yugoslav communism and the population had always been the weakest and where the | , then inevitable , | economic crisis was most intense , there was an uprising demanding full republican status for kosovo , as well as unification with [[ albania ]] . [[ image : ante marković | ||
| 12 | would be wrong , of course , to suggest that there were no other , specifically yugoslav , structural flaws which helped to generate the collapse . for instance , many | so - called " economic experts " in the west | would argue that the decentralised market socialism was a disastrous experiment for a state in yugoslavia ' s geopolitical situation . the 1974 constitution , though better for the kosovar albanians | ||
| 13 | which helped to generate the collapse . for instance , many would argue that the decentralised market socialism was a disastrous experiment for a state in yugoslavia ' s geopolitical situation | , looking really for a justification for their own unsuccesful capitalist economies , hidden under the false " growth " and " prosperity " which did not really existed but in a couple of countries , such as sweden , which ironically were developing capitalist version of democratic socialism | . the 1974 constitution , though better for the kosovar albanians , had given increased power to the republics , whilst dampening the institutional and material power of the federal government | ||
| 80546909 | 10 | the liberation of yugoslavia = = = the nov was able to expel the axis from serbia in [[ 1944 ]] and the rest of yugoslavia in [[ 1945 ]] . | nov allowed | the | [[ red army ]] to enter jugoslavia through romania and aid in liberating [[ belgrade ]] as well as some other territories , but continued on through hungary in pursuit of |
| 22 | were the president ( tito ) , the federal prime minister , and the federal parliament ( a collective presidency was formed after tito ' s death in 1980 ) . | following the marxist doctrine about the first phase of socialist society development , | also | important were the [[ communist party of yugoslavia | communist party ]] presidents for each republic and province , and the president of central committee of the communist party . josip | |
| 30 | were more hesitant . they feared that serbia would simply annex the former habsburg territories where there was serbian population present , but the territory was percieved to be theirs . | this fear was strongest in croatian political circles , as large parts of what they thought to be hrvatska ( croatia , as commonly albeit incorrectly called abroad ) was home to a large serbian population . | the national council ' s authority was limited and the italians were moving to take more territory than they had been alloted in an agreement with the yugoslav committee . political | ||
| 31 | the future constituent assembly . the most prominent opponent of this decision was stjepan radić , the leader of the croatian peasant party ( hrvatska seljačka stranka , hss ) . | this will be the issue that will eventually help the final destruction of modern jugoslavija in 1990 , along with incessant attacks of imperialist forces from the west , led by us and their faithful , obedient allies . | however , the kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes was declared on 1 december 1918 in belgrade . = = kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes = = {{ | ||
| 40 | = rigorously socialist in developing her industrial base , yugoslavia refused russian model of " socialism " and begun rebuilding the country on principles of democratic marxist socialism . that , | to the surprise | in the west , did mean pluralism and open economy . this openness to western investment , however , sowed the seeds of the federation ' s demise , as it | ||
| 41 | refused russian model of " socialism " and begun rebuilding the country on principles of democratic marxist socialism . that , to the surprise in the west , did mean pluralism | and open economy | . this openness to western investment , however , sowed the seeds of the federation ' s demise , as it allowed infiltration of western spies and agents , posing as | ||
| 45 | ) , with one month paid vacation , plus a year ' s maternity leave , if needed . respect for workers was a central concern of government and society . | spectacular results grew grave concerns in the imperialist and capital west , and envy around the world . | = = = the government = = = [[ image : proslavatito . jpg | thumb | right | 200px | 1968 . [[ league of communists of yugoslavia | yugoslav | ||
| 52 | [[ kosovo | kosovar ]] [[ albanians ]] - and some elements in the [[ bosniaks | bosnian muslim ]] - population to bolster their rule . there has been one | external | structural element in the post - world war ii yugoslav state ' s stability : the joint concern of the [[ soviet union | ussr ]] and the [[ united states | ||
| 53 | . the economic crisis was the product of disastrous errors by yugoslav governments in the 1970s , borrowing vast amounts of western capital in order to fund growth through exports . | as jugoslavia was the last country in the world germans had yet to repay for the damages made during the occupation in the wwii , capitalist governments in the west , concerned with growing success of jugoslav democratic socialism , offered these funds under supposedly " favourable " conditions . | western economies then entered recession , which was probably hastened to serve the purpose as well - capitalism has to have recessions , in order to rebuild destroyed internal economies as | ||
| 55 | then accepted the [[ international monetary fund | imf ]] ' s conditionalities which shifted the burden of the crisis onto the yugoslav working class . simultaneously , strong social groups | , already created and groomed for years by infiltrated spies and agents ( usually domestic traitors ) | emerged within the [[ league of communists of yugoslavia | yugoslav communist party ]] , allied to western business , banking and state interests and began pushing towards [[ neoliberalism ]] | ||
| 58 | of this varied in different parts of yugoslavia . first in kosovo in [[ 1981 ]] , where the links between yugoslav communism and the population had always been the weakest | , due to the enormous influx of " refugees " from albania , | and where the , then inevitable , economic crisis was most intense , there was an uprising demanding full republican status for kosovo , as well as unification with [[ albania | ||
| 59 | , where the links between yugoslav communism and the population had always been the weakest , due to the enormous influx of " refugees " from albania , and where the | , then inevitable , | economic crisis was most intense , there was an uprising demanding full republican status for kosovo , as well as unification with [[ albania ]] . [[ image : ante marković | ||
| 62 | would be wrong , of course , to suggest that there were no other , specifically yugoslav , structural flaws which helped to generate the collapse . for instance , many | so - called " economic experts " in the west | would argue that the decentralised market socialism was a disastrous experiment for a state in yugoslavia ' s geopolitical situation , looking really for a justification for their own unsuccesful capitalist | ||
| 63 | many so - called " economic experts " in the west would argue that the decentralised market socialism was a disastrous experiment for a state in yugoslavia ' s geopolitical situation | , looking really for a justification for their own unsuccesful capitalist economies , hidden under the false " growth " and " prosperity " which did not really existed but in a couple of countries , such as sweden , which ironically were developing capitalist version of democratic socialism | . the 1974 constitution , though better for the kosovar albanians , had given increased power to the republics , whilst dampening the institutional and material power of the federal government | ||
| 80967043 | 1 | substantial territorial gains in exchange . according to the secret [[ london pact ]] , these included istria and large parts of dalmatia , where relatively small numbers of italians lived | in the coastal cities , | compared to the surrounding slavs . [[ image : landsforserbia . png | thumb | right | 300px | lands offered to serbia by the allies in 1915 . ]] although | |
| 81382855 | 0 | fled to london where they began work on forming yugoslav committee and their mission was to represent the south slavs of the empire . they chose london as their headquarters . | hello | = = = the yugoslav committee = = = the [[ yugoslav committee ]] ( ' ' jugoslavenski odbor ' ' ) was officially formed on [[ april 30 ]] , | |
| 81385999 | 0 | fled to london where they began work on forming yugoslav committee and their mission was to represent the south slavs of the empire . they chose london as their headquarters . | hello | = = = the yugoslav committee = = = the [[ yugoslav committee ]] ( ' ' jugoslavenski odbor ' ' ) was officially formed on [[ april 30 ]] , | |
| 82799705 | 9 | of this varied in different parts of yugoslavia . first in kosovo in [[ 1981 ]] , where the links between yugoslav communism and the population had always been the weakest | due to continuous influx of albanian " refugees " from accross the border | and where the economic crisis was most intense , there was an uprising demanding full republican status for kosovo , as well as unification with [[ albania ]] . [[ image | |
| 12 | yugoslavia | yugoslav communist party ]] , allied to western business , banking and state interests and began pushing towards [[ neoliberalism ]] , to the delight of the us . | it was | the [[ ronald reagan | reagan ]] administration which , in [[ 1984 ]] , had adopted a " [[ shock _ therapy _ ( economics ) | shock therapy ]] | ||
| 82800045 | 3 | helped to generate the collapse . for instance , many would argue that the decentralised market socialism was a disastrous experiment for a state in yugoslavia ' s geopolitical situation . | then , | the 1974 constitution , though better for the kosovar albanians , had given increased power to the republics , whilst dampening the institutional and material power of the federal government . | |
| 82813167 | 6 | yugoslavia | yugoslav communist party ]] , allied to western business , banking and state interests and began pushing towards [[ neoliberalism ]] , to the delight of the us . | it was | the [[ ronald reagan | reagan ]] administration , in [[ 1984 ]] , had supported imf / [[ world bank group | world bank ]] " [[ shock _ therapy | |
| 17 | of this varied in different parts of yugoslavia . first in kosovo in [[ 1981 ]] , where the links between yugoslav communism and the population had always been the weakest | due to continuous influx of albanian " refugees " from accross the border | and where the economic crisis was most intense , there was an uprising demanding full republican status for kosovo , as well as unification with [[ albania ]] . [[ image | ||
| 18 | , many of those west - leaning groups in the government and commujnist alliance , were effectively us - paid spies working tirelessly on spreading confusion and making disastrous decisions that | had led to | the collapse of the system eventually . then , the 1974 constitution , though better for the kosovar albanians , had given increased power to all republics , whilst dampening the | ||
| 19 | government and commujnist alliance , were effectively us - paid spies working tirelessly on spreading confusion and making disastrous decisions that had led to the collapse of the system eventually . | then , | the 1974 constitution , though better for the kosovar albanians , had given increased power to all republics , whilst dampening the institutional and material power of the federal government , | ||
| 83308453 | 0 | [[ south slavic languages ]] , ' ' југославија ' ' in [[ serbian language | serbian ]] and [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] [[ cyrillic ]] ) is a | so - called | term used for the three separate political entities that existed during most of the [[ 20th century ]] on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in [[ europe ]] . the name | |
| 83401421 | 0 | [[ south slavic languages ]] , ' ' југославија ' ' in [[ serbian language | serbian ]] and [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] [[ cyrillic ]] ) is a | so - called | term used for the three separate political entities that existed during most of the [[ 20th century ]] on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in [[ europe ]] . the name | |
| 83667331 | 12 | for every killed soldier , the germans executed 100 civilians , and for each wounded , they killed 50 . following chetniks ' termination of war activities against the germans , | reported atrocities against non - serb population | and frequent collaboration with italians and ( less frequently ) germans against the nvo , the allies eventually switched to support the nvo . however , nvo carried on its guerrilla | |
| 14 | collaboration with italians and ( less frequently ) germans against the nvo , the allies eventually switched to support the nvo . however , nvo carried on its guerrilla warfare . | germans , italians , ustaše and četnici joined their forces against the nvo and that led to great civilian loss of life in most regions of yugoslavia . | the [[ demography | demographic ]] loss is estimated at 1 , 027 , 000 individuals by [[ vladimir žerjavić ]] and [[ bogoljub kočović ]] , an estimate accepted by | ||
| 83862003 | 5 | ' in [[ serbian language | serbian ]] and [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] [[ cyrillic ]] ) is a term used for the three separate political entities that existed | on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in [[ europe ]] | during most of the [[ 20th century ]] on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in [[ europe ]] . the name means ' ' land of the [[ south slavs ]] | |
| 29 | most of the constituent republics of sfry led to the formation of a federation named the ' ' ' [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' ( fry ) | in | ( | 1992 on the territory of the two remaining republics of [[ serbia ]] ( including the autonomous provinces of [[ vojvodina ]] and [[ kosovo and metohija ]] ) and [[ | |
| 30 | the constituent republics of sfry led to the formation of a federation named the ' ' ' [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' ( fry ) in 1992 | ) was a [[ federation ]] | on the territory of the two remaining republics of [[ serbia ]] ( including the autonomous provinces of [[ vojvodina ]] and [[ kosovo and metohija ]] ) and [[ montenegro | ||
| 31 | republics of sfry led to the formation of a federation named the ' ' ' [[ federal republic of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' ( fry ) in 1992 on the | [[ federal republic of yugoslavia | | territory of the two remaining republics of [[ serbia ]] ( including the autonomous provinces of [[ vojvodina ]] and [[ kosovo and metohija ]] ) and [[ montenegro ]] . | ||
| 39 | a term used for the three separate political entities that existed during most of the [[ 20th century ]] on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in [[ europe ]] . the | name means | ' ' land of the [[ south slavs ]] ' ' ( " jug " meaning " south " ) . the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' | ||
| 43 | " meaning " south " ) . the ' ' ' [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] ' ' ' , also known as the first yugoslavia , was a [[ monarchy | | kingdom | ]] formed on [[ december 1 ]] , [[ 1918 ]] , which was originally formed as the ' ' kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ' ' . it | ||
| 45 | originally formed as the ' ' kingdom of serbs , croats and slovenes ' ' . it was re - named on [[ january 6 ]] , [[ 1929 ]] by | king | [[ alexander i of yugoslavia | alexander i ]] . it was invaded on [[ april 6 ]] , [[ 1941 ]] by the [[ axis powers ]] . capitulating only | ||
| 84664677 | 0 | jajce ]] and established the basis for post - war organisation of the country , establishing a federation ( this date was celebrated as republic day after the war ) . | chhhhhhhhhhhheeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeseeeeeeeeeee | = = = the liberation of yugoslavia = = = the nov was able to expel the axis from serbia in [[ 1944 ]] and the rest of yugoslavia in [[ | |
| 84664770 | 0 | jajce ]] and established the basis for post - war organisation of the country , establishing a federation ( this date was celebrated as republic day after the war ) . | chhhhhhhhhhhheeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeseeeeeeeeeee | = = = the liberation of yugoslavia = = = the nov was able to expel the axis from serbia in [[ 1944 ]] and the rest of yugoslavia in [[ | |
| 87450359 | 10 | looked more uncertain . while the committee ' s basic aim was the unification of the habsburg south slav lands with serbia ( which was independent at the time ) , | its more immediate concern was to head off italian claims in [[ istria ]] and [[ dalmatia ]] | cell 2 | row 2 | , which was a very real concern . in [[ 1915 ]] , the allies had lured the italians into the war with promise of substantial territorial gains in exchange . |
| 87450897 | 5 | , daughter , son , brother , sister , mother , father , 2nd cousin , 3rd cousin , 4th cousin once removed , 19th cousin 20 removed , and your | mom . < / s > { | class | momclass | = " wikitable " | - ! header 1 ! header 2 ! header 3 | - | row 1 , cell 1 | row 1 , cell 2 | row |
| 87452403 | 6 | the last remnants of the former yugoslav federation . _ _ toc _ _ this is the only reliable information on this page . yuogoslavia is my favorite place . in | a product of visionary thinking of croat writers and philosophers who believed that the only way for southern slavs to regain lost freedom after centuries of occupation under the [[ austro - hungarian empire ]] and [[ ottoman empire ]] would be to unite and free themselves of tyrannies and dictatorships . they gave it the name ilirski pokret ( illyric movement ) and gathered many prominent croatian intellectuals and politicians around the new idea | in there you can have rotten egg battles with your mother , cousin , uncle , aunt , daughter , son , brother , sister , mother , father , 2nd | |
| 7 | toc _ _ this is the only reliable information on this page . yuogoslavia is my favorite place . in there you can have rotten egg battles with your mother , | but the movement started gaining large momentum only at the end of the | , cousin , uncle , aunt , daughter , son , brother , sister , mother , father , 2nd cousin , 3rd cousin , 4th cousin once removed , 19th | ||
| 9 | , cousin , uncle , aunt , daughter , son , brother , sister , mother , father , 2nd cousin , 3rd cousin , 4th cousin once removed , 19th | ottoman empire grew weaker and serbia , bulgaria and greece grew stronger after the [[ berlin congress ]] , hope for sovereignty of the south slavic peoples in the [[ habsburg empire ]] ( austria - hungary ) increased and the idea of a union between them became stronger | 19th cousin 20 removed , and your momclass = " wikitable " | - ! header 1 ! header 2 ! header 3 | - | row 1 , cell 1 | ||
| 10 | aunt , daughter , son , brother , sister , mother , father , 2nd cousin , 3rd cousin , 4th cousin once removed , 19th cousin 20 removed , and | during the early period of the world war i ( which started in [[ 1914 ]] ) , a number of prominent political figures , including [[ ante trumbić ]] , [[ ivan meštrović ]] , [[ nikola stojanović ]] and others , from south slavic lands under the habsburg empire , fled to london where they began work on forming yugoslav committee and their mission was to represent the south slavs of the empire . they chose london as their headquarters . = = = the yugoslav committee = = = the [[ yugoslav committee ]] ( ' ' jugoslavenski odbor ' ' ) was officially formed on [[ april 30 ]] , [[ 1915 ]] in [[ london ]] | , and your momclass = " wikitable " | - ! header 1 ! header 2 ! header 3 | - | row 1 , cell 1 | row 1 , | ||
| 11 | 2nd cousin , 3rd cousin , 4th cousin once removed , 19th cousin 20 removed , and your momclass = " wikitable " | - ! header 1 ! header 2 | ! header 3 | - | row 1 | it began to raise funds | , cell 1 | row 1 , cell 2 | row 1 , cell 3 | - | row 2 , cell 1 | row 2 , cell 2 | row | |
| 20 | respectively declared their independence , thereby ending the last remnants of the former yugoslav federation . _ _ toc _ _ this is the only reliable information on this page . | yuogoslavia is my favorite place . | in there you can have rotten egg battles with your mother , cousin , uncle , aunt , daughter , son , brother , sister , mother , father , 2nd | ||
| 23 | _ this is the only reliable information on this page . yuogoslavia is my favorite place . in there you can have rotten egg battles with your mother , cousin , | uncle , aunt , daughter , son , brother , sister , mother , father , 2nd cousin , 3rd cousin , 4th cousin once removed , | 19th cousin 20 removed , and your momclass = " wikitable " | - ! header 1 ! header 2 ! header 3 | - | row 1 , cell 1 | ||
| 24 | , cousin , uncle , aunt , daughter , son , brother , sister , mother , father , 2nd cousin , 3rd cousin , 4th cousin once removed , 19th | cousin 20 removed | , and your momclass = " wikitable " | - ! header 1 ! header 2 ! header 3 | - | row 1 , cell 1 | row 1 , | ||
| 25 | aunt , daughter , son , brother , sister , mother , father , 2nd cousin , 3rd cousin , 4th cousin once removed , 19th cousin 20 removed , and | your momclass = " wikitable " | - | ! header 1 ! header 2 ! header 3 | - | row 1 , cell 1 | row 1 , cell 2 | row 1 , cell 3 | - | ||
| 88862620 | 0 | their efforts . germany was only happy to help disappearance of the country it still owed almost hundred billions of us dollars in the name of world war ii reparations . | {{ fact }} | it was the money that helped germany to be born twice . first , when jugoslav president tito offered germany to repay the debt when it recovers from the repaying other | |
| 1 | , otherwise disastrous , re - unification with east germany . if jugoslavia did not breakup , germany would not have been able to finance its own re - union . | {{ fact }} | there was thus a focused and co - ordinated coalition involving austria , germany , hungary and the vatican all pushing for the same goal : yugoslavia ' s break up | ||
| 89136398 | 1 | independence , thereby ending the last remnants of the former yugoslav federation . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = = = = the idea of a state | for south slavs | = = = the first idea of a state for all south slavs emerged in the late 17th century , a product of visionary thinking of croat writers and philosophers who | |
| 89768655 | 1 | up of yugoslavia through independence for slovenia and croatia were the [[ holy see | vatican ]] , [[ austria ]] , [[ hungary ]] , [[ germany ]] , us | , | ]] and | more ambivalently , [[ italy ]] which had its own crisis of identity and looked at speeding up " democratic processes " as a way of diverting similar sentiments in northern |
| 4 | ambivalently , [[ italy ]] which had its own crisis of identity and looked at speeding up " democratic processes " as a way of diverting similar sentiments in northern italy | , | ]] . | through graphic pictures of the drama unfolding in the neighbouring jugoslavia , england , holland , albania and even such distant countries as australia , saudi arab emirates , libia , | |
| 17 | jugoslavia , england , holland , albania and even such distant countries as australia , saudi arab emirates , libia , and al - qaida ' s afghan - tested mujaheedins | , trained by the cia . | ]] | . since the mid - 1980s , the vatican and austria had started an active campaign in east central and eastern europe to rebuild their influence there and by 1989 - | |
| 90076309 | 3 | king aleksandar i ]] banned national political parties in 1929 , assumed executive power and renamed the country yugoslavia . he hoped to curb separatist tendencies and mitigate nationalist passions . | however , the balance of power changed in international relations : in [[ italy ]] and [[ germany ]] , [[ fascism | fascists ]] and [[ nazism | nazis ]] rose to power , and [[ joseph stalin | stalin ]] became the absolute ruler in the [[ soviet union ]] . none of these three states favoured the policy pursued by aleksandar i . in fact , the first two wanted to revise the international treaties signed after world war i , and the soviets were determined to regain their positions in europe and pursue a more active international policy . yugoslavia was an obstacle for these plans and king aleksandar i was the pillar of the yugoslav policy . alexander attempted to create a genuine yugoslavia . he decided to abolish yugoslavia ' s historic regions and new internal boundaries were drawn for provinces or banovinas . the banovinas were named after rivers . many politicians were jailed or kept under tight police surveillance . the effect of alexander ' s dictatorship was to further alienate the non - serbs of the idea of unity . | during an official visit to france in 1934 , the king was assassinated in [[ marseilles ]] by an experienced [[ vlado chernozemski | marksman ]] from [[ ivan mihailov | | |
| 91722148 | 0 | before that both slovenia and croatia were getting encouragement from [[ bonn ]] for their efforts . germany was only happy to help disappearance of the country it still owed almost | a | hundred billions of us dollars in the name of world war ii reparations . {{ fact }} it was the money that helped germany to be born twice . first , | |
| 91986037 | 1 | and greece grew stronger after the [[ berlin congress ]] , hope for sovereignty of the south slavic peoples in the [[ habsburg empire ]] ( austria - hungary ) increased | , | and the idea of a union between them became stronger . during the early period of the world war i ( which started in 1914 ) , a number of prominent | |
| 3 | , including [[ ante trumbić ]] , [[ ivan meštrović ]] , [[ nikola stojanović ]] and others , from south slavic lands under the habsburg empire , fled to london | , | where they began work on forming yugoslav committee and their mission was to represent the south slavs of the empire . they chose london as their headquarters . = = = | ||
| 15 | = = = however , during june and july 1917 , the yugoslav committee met with the serbian government in corfu and on [[ 20 july ]] a declaration that laid | the | foundation of the post - war state was issued . the preamble stated that the serbs , croats and slovenes were " the same by blood , by language , by | ||
| 20 | vested its sovereignty in the new [[ state of slovenes , croats and serbs ]] . the yugoslav committee was given the task of representing the new state abroad . however | , | quarrels broke out immediately about the terms of the proposed union with serbia . svetozar pribićević , a croatian serb , a leader of the croatian - serbian coalition and vice | ||
| 22 | insisted on their own republic or sort of independence , then serbia would simply take areas inhabited by the serbs and already occupied by the serbian army . after much debate | , | the national council agreed to unification with serbia , although its declaration stated that the final organization of the state should be left to the future constituent assembly . the most | ||
| 27 | joseph stalin | stalin ]] became the absolute ruler in the [[ soviet union ]] . none of these three states favoured the policy pursued by aleksandar i . in fact | [[ italy ]] and [[ germany ]] | , the first two wanted to revise the international treaties signed after world war i , and the soviets were determined to regain their positions in europe and pursue a more | ||
| 28 | these plans and king aleksandar i was the pillar of the yugoslav policy . alexander attempted to create a genuine yugoslavia . he decided to abolish yugoslavia ' s historic regions | , | and new internal boundaries were drawn for provinces or banovinas . the banovinas were named after rivers . many politicians were jailed or kept under tight police surveillance . the effect | ||
| 29 | politicians were jailed or kept under tight police surveillance . the effect of alexander ' s dictatorship was to further alienate the non - serbs of the idea of unity . | the king was assassinated in [[ marseilles ]] | during an official visit to france in 1934 , the king was assassinated in [[ marseilles ]] by an experienced [[ vlado chernozemski | marksman ]] from [[ ivan mihailov | | ||
| 37 | the [[ yugoslav committee ]] ( ' ' jugoslavenski odbor ' ' ) was officially formed on [[ april 30 ]] , [[ 1915 ]] in [[ london ]] , and | it | began to raise funds , especially among south slavs living in the americas . because of their stature , the members of the yugoslav committee were able to make their views | ||
| 38 | . because of their stature , the members of the yugoslav committee were able to make their views known to the allied governments , which began to take them increasingly seriously | , especially | as the fate of [[ austro - hungarian empire ]] looked more uncertain . while the committee ' s basic aim was the unification of the habsburg south slav lands with | ||
| 39 | make their views known to the allied governments , which began to take them increasingly seriously , especially as the fate of [[ austro - hungarian empire ]] looked more uncertain | . | while the committee ' s basic aim was the unification of the habsburg south slav lands with serbia ( which was independent at the time ) , its more immediate concern | ||
| 45 | stalin | stalin ]] became the absolute ruler in the [[ soviet union ]] . none of these three states favoured the policy pursued by aleksandar i . in fact , | the first two | wanted to revise the international treaties signed after world war i , and the soviets were determined to regain their positions in europe and pursue a more active international policy . | ||
| 46 | wanted to revise the international treaties signed after world war i , and the soviets were determined to regain their positions in europe and pursue a more active international policy . | yugoslavia was an obstacle for these plans and king aleksandar i was the pillar of the yugoslav policy . | alexander attempted to create a genuine yugoslavia . he decided to abolish yugoslavia ' s historic regions and new internal boundaries were drawn for provinces or banovinas . the banovinas were | ||
| 92351974 | 0 | , montenegro and serbia respectively declared their independence , thereby ending the last remnants of the former yugoslav federation . _ _ toc _ _ = = background = = yeah | = = = the yugoslav committee = = = the [[ yugoslav committee ]] ( ' ' jugoslavenski odbor ' ' ) was officially formed on [[ april 30 ]] , [[ 1915 ]] in [[ london ]] , and began to raise funds , especially among south slavs living in the americas | so | . because of their stature , the members of the yugoslav committee were able to make their views known to the allied governments , which began to take them more seriously |
| 1 | officially formed on [[ april 30 ]] , [[ 1915 ]] in [[ london ]] , and began to raise funds , especially among south slavs living in the americas . | because of their stature , the members of the yugoslav committee were able to make their views known to the allied governments , which began to take them more seriously as the fate of [[ austro - hungarian empire ]] became more uncertain | . while the committee ' s basic aim was the unification of the habsburg south slav lands with serbia ( which was independent at the time ) , its more immediate | ||
| 92434733 | 1 | ( [[ serbian language | serbian ]] , [[ macedonian language | macedonian ]] [[ cyrillic ]] ) : " land of the [[ south slavs ]] " ) describes four | separate | political entities that existed on the [[ balkan peninsula ]] in europe , during most of the 20th century . the ' ' ' kingdom of yugoslavia ' ' ' ( | |
| 92889222 | 0 | * http : / / www . time . com / time / magazine / article / 0 , 9171 , 796967 , 00 . html = = legacy = = | = = = new states = = = | the present - day countries created from the former parts of yugoslavia are : * [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] * [[ croatia ]] * [[ montenegro ]] * [[ republic | |
| 93812800 | 0 | of the countries and enemies of jugoslavia that worked so hard towards its destuction , declared in early 1992 that the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia had " dissolved " . | he had a huge cock . | = = = = the end of the second yugoslavia = = = = various dates are considered as the end of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia : * [[ | |
| 93812847 | 0 | of the countries and enemies of jugoslavia that worked so hard towards its destuction , declared in early 1992 that the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia had " dissolved " . | he had a huge cock . | = = = = the end of the second yugoslavia = = = = various dates are considered as the end of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia : * [[ | |
| 93813165 | 0 | by [[ slovenians | slovenes ]] ( and [[ croats ]] in [[ istria ]] ) . however , the nla withdrew from trieste in june of the same year . | hitler had a huge cock . | westerner attempts to reunite the partisans , who denied supremacy of the old government of the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , and the emigration loyal to the king , led | |
| 93838392 | 0 | by [[ slovenians | slovenes ]] ( and [[ croats ]] in [[ istria ]] ) . however , the nla withdrew from trieste in june of the same year . | hitler had a huge cock . | westerner attempts to reunite the partisans , who denied supremacy of the old government of the [[ kingdom of yugoslavia ]] , and the emigration loyal to the king , led | |
| 95139561 | 3 | stojanović ]] and others from south slavic lands under the habsburg empire fled to london , where they began work on forming a yugoslav committee . their mission was to represent | and respect | the south slaves of the empire , and they chose london as their headquarters . = = = the yugoslav committee = = = the [[ yugoslav committee ]] ( ' | |
| 95417797 | 0 | the republics , had become irreconcilable . the constitutional crisis that inevitably followed played in favour of slovenia and croatia and their strongly expressed demands for looser ties within federation . | the collapse of yugoslavia was the result of both internal and external factors . assigning comparative weight to the external as against the internal factors in the generalised crisis that shook yugoslavia in 1990 - 1991 is definitely a very simple matter . without understanding the roles of the western powers in helping to produce and channel the crisis , it is difficult to understand the disintegration of yugoslavia . the fundamental cause of the yugoslav collapse was not an economic crisis . this was barely a pretext used by social groups in yugoslavia and their tutors in the west to undermine the collectivised core of the economy and push yugoslavia towards a " capitalist restoration " which inevitably led to disastrous war and hundreds of thousands of innocent people being murdered in order to save the face of dying and collapsing capitalism . many [[ europe | european ]] governments had their interests and wanted the break - up of yugoslavia , something not true in the case of any other part of [[ eastern europe | east ]] [[ central europe | central ]] europe at that time . their pressure thus combined with the general western drive for capitalism to speed the break - up during 1989 - 90 . on one side were a number of european states eager to gain " independence " for [[ slovenia ]] and [[ croatia ]] ; on the other side was the [[ united states ]] , eager only to ensure that yugoslavia paid its debts to western banks and " globalised " its political economy through " shock therapy " in order to ensure a regime in the country open for the western multinationals . whether decimated or not . the forces eager to see the break - up of yugoslavia through independence for slovenia and croatia were the [[ holy see | vatican ]] , [[ austria ]] , [[ hungary ]] , [[ germany ]] , the [[ us ]] and more ambivalently [[ italy ]] . italy which had its own crisis of identity and looked at speeding up " democratic processes " as a way of diverting similar sentiments seeking independence for [[ padania | northern italy ]] . through graphic pictures of the drama unfolding in the neighbouring yugoslavia attracted attention from countries such as the [[ uk ]] , [[ the netherlands ]] , [[ albania ]] and even such distant countries as [[ australia ]] , [[ saudi - arabia ]] , [[ libya ]] , and [[ al - qaida ]] ' s afghan - tested [[ mujaheedins ]] . since the mid - 1980s , the vatican and austria had started an active campaign in east central and eastern europe to rebuild their influence there and by 1989 - 90 the vatican was openly championing independence for slovenia and croatia . {{ fact }} the real goal of austrian policy was to expand austria ' s regional influence since it " ' ' saw the yugoslav crisis as an auspicious moment for self - assertion ' ' " . | in the summer of 1991 the [[ european council ]] was finally prompted to warn austria that if it continued its energetic efforts to break up yugoslavia it would be excluded | |
| 98746734 | 2 | of paralysis , all the more hopeless as the conflict of interests , fueled and icited by external supporters of the break - up between the republics , had become irreconcilable | . | the constitutional crisis that inevitably followed played in favour of slovenia and croatia and their strongly expressed demands for looser ties within federation . in the summer of 1991 the [[ | |
| 9 | bosnian nations ) , the serbs immediately declared the independence of republika srpska to protect their rights . the [[ bosnian war | war in bosnia ]] followed shortly thereafter . | the so - called badinter commission formed by the [[ european community ]] triumphantly , to delight of the countries and enemies of jugoslavia that worked so hard towards its destuction , declared in early 1992 that the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia had " dissolved " . | = = = = the end of the second yugoslavia = = = = various dates are considered as the end of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia : * [[ | ||
| 98954754 | 3 | : autonomy ]] < / ref > ethnic - albanians were the majority . the number of [[ slavs ]] in kosovo ( mainly serbs ) was falling fast due to | the | ever increasing violence of albanians against serbian population , and by [[ 1999 ]] they formed as little as 10 % of the total population . far cry from the days | |
| 4 | was falling fast due to ever increasing violence of albanians against serbian population , and by [[ 1999 ]] they formed as little as 10 % of the total population . | this was a | far cry from the days when it was the other way around , not even hundred years ago . meanwhile [[ slovenia ]] , under the presidency of [[ milan kučan | ||
| 19 | was ordered by the yugoslav presidency to restore order . in january 1990 , the extraordinary 14th congress of the [[ league of communists of yugoslavia ]] was convened . for | the | most time , the slovenian and serbian delegations were arguing over the future of the league of communists and yugoslavia . the serbian delegation , led by milošević , insisted on | ||
| 101445916 | 6 | children were executed in these camps , most of whom were serbs . croatia , nazis and vatican had a plan to kill a third of serbs , convert a third | to catholicism | , and ethnically cleanse the last third . = = = resistance movements = = = {{ main | people ' s liberation war }} yugoslavs opposing the [[ nazism | | |
| 103724021 | 0 | ) , with one month paid vacation , plus a year ' s maternity leave , if needed . respect for workers was a central concern of government and society . | = = = population = = = the population of the large yugoslavia in 1980 was 23 , 000 , 000 million . after it broke in 1990 13 , 000 , 000 million and now over 10 , 000 , 000 . the population of yugoslavia will be growinf until 2014 and then it will be going down with 40 , 000 - 50 , 000 people a year . 2006 estimates 10 , 000 , 000 . for 2050 the estimates are 9 . 3 million . < br > | = = = the government = = = [[ image : proslavatito . jpg | thumb | right | 200px | 1968 . [[ league of communists of yugoslavia | yugoslav | |
| 104541133 | 2 | ]] miners in [[ kosovo ]] organized strikes , which dovetailed into ethnic conflict between the albanians and the non - albanians in the province . at 77 % of the | population of kosovo in the 1980s , < ref > | [[ demographic history of kosovo # 1968 - 1989 : autonomy ]] < / ref > ethnic - albanians were the majority . the number of [[ slavs ]] in kosovo | |
| 104839069 | 0 | population = = = the population of the large yugoslavia in 1980 was 23 , 000 , 000 million . after it broke in 1990 13 , 000 , 000 million | and now | , then | over 10 , 000 , 000 . the population of yugoslavia will be growing until 2014 and then it will be going down with 40 , 000 - 50 , 000 |
| 2 | yugoslavia in 1980 was 23 , 000 , 000 million . after it broke in 1990 13 , 000 , 000 million and now over 10 , 000 , 000 . | the population of yugoslavia will be growing until 2014 and then it will be going down with 40 , 000 - 50 , 000 people a year . 2006 estimates 10 , 000 , 000 . for 2050 the estimates are 9 . 3 million . < br > | = = = the government = = = [[ image : proslavatito . jpg | thumb | right | 200px | 1968 . [[ league of communists of yugoslavia | yugoslav | ||
| 104840327 | 0 | population = = = the population of the large yugoslavia in 1980 was 23 , 000 , 000 million . after it broke in 1990 13 , 000 , 000 million | , then | and now | over 10 , 000 , 000 , and 0 since 2002 . = = = the government = = = [[ image : proslavatito . jpg | thumb | right | |
| 1 | , 000 , 000 million . after it broke in 1990 13 , 000 , 000 million , then over 10 , 000 , 000 , and 0 since 2002 . | the population of yugoslavia will be growing until 2014 and then it will be going down with 40 , 000 - 50 , 000 people a year . 2006 estimates 10 , 000 , 000 . for 2050 the estimates are 9 . 3 million . < br > | = = = the government = = = [[ image : proslavatito . jpg | thumb | right | 200px | 1968 . [[ league of communists of yugoslavia | yugoslav | ||
| 104851157 | 0 | population = = = the population of the large yugoslavia in 1980 was 23 , 000 , 000 million . after it broke in 1990 13 , 000 , 000 million | and now over 10 , 000 , 000 | . the population of yugoslavia will be growing until 2014 and then it will be going down with 40 , 000 - 50 , 000 people a year . 2006 estimates | |
| 1 | yugoslavia in 1980 was 23 , 000 , 000 million . after it broke in 1990 13 , 000 , 000 million and now over 10 , 000 , 000 . | the population of yugoslavia will be growing until 2014 and then it will be going down with 40 , 000 - 50 , 000 people a year . 2006 estimates 10 , 000 , 000 . for 2050 the estimates are 9 . 3 million . < br > | = = = the government = = = [[ image : proslavatito . jpg | thumb | right | 200px | 1968 . [[ league of communists of yugoslavia | yugoslav | ||
| 106563175 | 0 | slovenia , but in croatia , a bloody [[ war in croatia | war ]] broke out in the autumn of 1991 . ethnic [[ serbs ]] , who had created | the | their own state [[ republic of serbian krajina ]] in heavily serb - populated regions resisted the forces of the republic of croatia who were trying to bring that breakaway region | |
| 106610897 | 0 | , where they began work on forming a yugoslav committee . their mission was to represent the south slavs of the empire , and they chose london as their headquarters . | i will eat your shit ! u fuck my mother ! don ' t look at me like that ! suck my tits ! - borat ! | = = = the yugoslav committee = = = the [[ yugoslav committee ]] ( ' ' jugoslavenski odbor ' ' ) was officially formed on [[ april 30 ]] , | |
| 106612007 | 0 | as their headquarters . i will eat your shit ! u fuck my mother ! don ' t look at me like that ! suck my tits ! - borat ! | borat - " i could not understand this old man was saying " all i could think of was this cj in her red water underpanties " fuck you motherfuckers ! ! - uzbeckisthan - so you are saying , the guys who tried to put a rubber fist in my anus was homosexual ? - the next morning i had a meeting with a man who has a genuine chocolate face . no make up ! - this is my neighbour - ulthukshan thuliyakbai - he is pain in my assholes ! i buy a windo from a glass , he must buy a window from a glass . i buy a step , he must buy a step . i buy a clock radio , he cannot afford ! ! great success ! . . . | = = = the yugoslav committee = = = the [[ yugoslav committee ]] ( ' ' jugoslavenski odbor ' ' ) was officially formed on [[ april 30 ]] , | |
| 106612083 | 0 | , where they began work on forming a yugoslav committee . their mission was to represent the south slavs of the empire , and they chose london as their headquarters . | i will eat your shit ! u fuck my mother ! don ' t look at me like that ! suck my tits ! - borat ! borat - " i could not understand this old man was saying " all i could think of was this cj in her red water underpanties " fuck you motherfuckers ! ! - uzbeckisthan - so you are saying , the guys who tried to put a rubber fist in my anus was homosexual ? - the next morning i had a meeting with a man who has a genuine chocolate face . no make up ! - this is my neighbour - ulthukshan thuliyakbai - he is pain in my assholes ! i buy a windo from a glass , he must buy a window from a glass . i buy a step , he must buy a step . i buy a clock radio , he cannot afford ! ! great success ! . . . | = = = the yugoslav committee = = = the [[ yugoslav committee ]] ( ' ' jugoslavenski odbor ' ' ) was officially formed on [[ april 30 ]] , | |
| 107220473 | 8 | for the republican government could not take nor carry out decisions that would apply to the provinces . since the provinces had a vote in the federal presidency council , they | sometimes | even entered into coalition with other republics , thus outvoting serbia . serbia ' s political impotence made it possible for others to exert pressure on the 2 million serbs ( | |
| 19 | of kosovo in the 1980s ]] , ethnic - albanians were the majority . the number of [[ slavs ]] in kosovo ( mainly serbs ) was falling fast due to | several reasons , among them being | the ever increasing violence of albanians against serbian population , and by [[ 1999 ]] they formed as little as 10 % of the total population . this was a far | ||
| 22 | to the ever increasing violence of albanians against serbian population , and by [[ 1999 ]] they formed as little as 10 % of the total population . this was a | far cry from the days when | hundred years before , | it was the other way around , less than a hundred years before . meanwhile [[ slovenia ]] , under the presidency of [[ milan kučan ]] , along with [[ | |
| 44 | the slovenian territorial defence , before gunfire was heard and the troops were seen falling down . however , none were killed in the incident . ceasefire was agreed on . | in | according to | the [[ brioni agreement ]] , agreed upon by representatives of all republics , the international community pressured slovenia and croatia to place a three - month [[ moratorium ]] on | |
| 54 | fact | date = february 2007 }} , and initial strikes turned into widespread demonstrations demanding a kosovo republic . this angered serbia ' s leadership who proceeded to use police | to restrain the violence . as police was insufficient | force , the [[ yugoslav people ' s army | federal army ]] was ordered by the yugoslav presidency to restore order . in january 1990 , the extraordinary 14th congress | ||
| 107864960 | 0 | kosovo demanded the status of a republic , serbia sought absolute , not only relative dominion over yugoslavia . in 1986 , the [[ serbian academy of sciences and arts ]] | contributed significantly to the rise of serbian nationalism , as it | drafted a memorandum addressing some burning issues concerning position of [[ serbs ]] as the most numerous people in yugoslavia . the largest yugoslav republic in territory and population , serbia | |
| 2 | . since the provinces had a vote in the federal presidency council ( an eight member council composed of representatives from six republics and two autonomous provinces ) , they sometimes | didn ' t vote favorably to serbia proper . | even entered into coalition with other republics , thus outvoting serbia . serbia ' s political impotence made it possible for others to exert pressure on the 2 million serbs ( | ||
| 21 | of kosovo in the 1980s ]] , ethnic - albanians were the majority . the number of [[ slavs ]] in kosovo ( mainly serbs ) was falling fast due to | several reasons , among them being the | ever increasing ethnic tensions , and by [[ 1999 ]] they formed as little as 10 % of the total population . less than a hundred years before , it was | ||
| 107899114 | 3 | 77 % of the [[ demographic history of kosovo # 1968 - 1989 : autonomy | population of kosovo in the 1980s ]] , ethnic - albanians were the majority . | entered into coalition with other republics , thus outvoting serbia . serbia ' s political impotence made it possible for others to exert pressure on the 2 million serbs ( 20 % of total serbian population ) living outside serbia . | [[ image : smilo . jpg | thumb | [[ slobodan milošević ]] . ]] serbian [[ communist ]] leader [[ slobodan milošević ]] sought to restore pre - 1974 serbian | |
| 5 | the [[ serbs ]] were leaving kosovo for about a century , mostly they moved north for economic reasons . but now , their numbers were falling even faster due to | several reasons , among them being the | ever increasing ethnic tensions , and by [[ 1999 ]] they formed as little as 10 % of the total population of the province . less than a hundred years before | ||
| 23 | kosovo demanded the status of a republic , serbia sought absolute , not only relative dominion over yugoslavia . in 1986 , the [[ serbian academy of sciences and arts ]] | contributed significantly to the rise of serbian nationalism , as it | drafted a memorandum addressing some burning issues concerning position of [[ serbs ]] in yugoslavia . the largest yugoslav republic in territory and population , serbia ' s influence over the | ||
| 24 | . since the provinces had a vote in the federal presidency council ( an eight member council composed of representatives from six republics and two autonomous provinces ) , they sometimes | didn ' t vote favorably to serbia proper . | [[ image : smilo . jpg | thumb | [[ slobodan milošević ]] . ]] serbian [[ communist ]] leader [[ slobodan milošević ]] sought to restore pre - 1974 serbian | ||
| 26 | 77 % of the [[ demographic history of kosovo # 1968 - 1989 : autonomy | population of kosovo in the 1980s ]] , ethnic - albanians were the majority . | the [[ serbs ]] were leaving kosovo for about a century , mostly they moved north for economic reasons . but now , their numbers were falling | even faster due to ever increasing ethnic tensions , and by [[ 1999 ]] they formed as little as 10 % of the total population of the province . less than | ||
| 108237434 | 0 | , where they began work on forming a yugoslav committee . their mission was to represent the south slavs of the empire , and they chose london as their headquarters . | penis ! ! ! | = = = the yugoslav committee = = = the [[ yugoslav committee ]] ( ' ' jugoslavenski odbor ' ' ) was officially formed on [[ april 30 ]] , | |
| 108247729 | 0 | , where they began work on forming a yugoslav committee . their mission was to represent the south slavs of the empire , and they chose london as their headquarters . | penis ! ! ! | = = = the yugoslav committee = = = the [[ yugoslav committee ]] ( ' ' jugoslavenski odbor ' ' ) was officially formed on [[ april 30 ]] , | |
| 110042365 | 6 | , where they began work on forming a yugoslav committee . their mission was to represent the south slavs of the empire , and they chose london as their headquarters . | justinaaaa is hot | = = = the yugoslav committee = = = the [[ yugoslav committee ]] ( ' ' jugoslavenski odbor ' ' ) was officially formed on [[ april 30 ]] , | |
| 110043742 | 6 | , where they began work on forming a yugoslav committee . their mission was to represent the south slavs of the empire , and they chose london as their headquarters . | justinaaaa is hot | = = = the yugoslav committee = = = the [[ yugoslav committee ]] ( ' ' jugoslavenski odbor ' ' ) was officially formed on [[ april 30 ]] , | |
| 110340242 | 10 | and they chose london as their headquarters . = = = the yugoslav committee = = = the [[ yugoslav committee ]] ( ' ' jugoslavenski odbor ' ' ) was | officially formed on [[ april 30 ]] , [[ 1915 ]] | actually a result of the imagination and | in [[ london ]] , and began to raise funds , especially among south slavs living in the americas . because of their stature , the members of the yugoslav committee |
| 110342951 | 11 | exert from his classical philosophical theory which attempts to represent the common belief that the hapsburg empire was actually a result of the imagination and in essence never really existed , | and began to raise funds , especially among south slavs living in the americas . because | of every animal at a time where animals were incrediably literate . this fundamental theory of the literation of animals , has also been discussed in terms of the analogy / | |
| 17 | exert from his classical philosophical theory which attempts to represent the common belief that the hapsburg empire was actually a result of the imagination and in essence never really existed , | which of course nowadays has substantial factual evidence . stemming mainly from the old testament . | while the committee ' s basic aim was the unification of the habsburg south slav lands with serbia ( which was independent at the time ) , its more immediate concern | ||
| 19 | noah and his arc was dictated by noah to two of every animal at a time where animals were incrediably literate . this fundamental theory of the literation of animals , | has also been discussed in terms of the analogy / definition of infinity , in | which monkeys will eventually , without a doubt finish typing the complete works of shakespeare . although in 1915 the serbian assembly had pledged itself to work for the liberation of | ||
| 111867289 | 0 | policies . aleksandar was succeeded by his eleven year old son [[ peter ii of yugoslavia | peter ii ]] and a regency council headed by his cousin prince paul . | i have a huge cock | = = = the 1930s in yugoslavia = = = the international political scene in the late 1930s was marked by growing intolerance between the principal figures , by the aggressive | |
| 111867358 | 0 | policies . aleksandar was succeeded by his eleven year old son [[ peter ii of yugoslavia | peter ii ]] and a regency council headed by his cousin prince paul . | i have a huge cock | = = = the 1930s in yugoslavia = = = the international political scene in the late 1930s was marked by growing intolerance between the principal figures , by the aggressive | |
| 111867480 | 0 | jajce ]] and established the basis for post - war organisation of the country , establishing a federation ( this date was celebrated as republic day after the war ) . | pussy fuck shit cokc | = = = the liberation of yugoslavia = = = the nov was able to expel the axis from serbia in 1944 and the rest of yugoslavia in 1945 . the | |
| 111867936 | 5 | government , such as [[ edvard kardelj ]] or [[ stane dolanc ]] , were more important than the prime minister . the suppression of national identities escalated with the so | - called [[ croatian spring ]] of 1970 - 1971 , when students in [[ zagreb ]] organized demonstrations for greater civil liberties and greater [[ croatia ]] n autonomy . the regime stifled the public protest and incarcerated the leaders , but many key croatian representatives in the party silently supported this cause , so a new [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution ]] was ratified in 1974 that gave more rights to the individual republics in yugoslavia and provinces in serbia . = = = ethnic tensions and the economic crisis = = = the post - [[ world war ii ]] yugoslavia was in many respects a model of how to build a multinational state . the federation was constructed against a double background : an inter - war yugoslavia which had been dominated by the [[ serbs | serbian ]] ruling class ; and a war - time slaughter in which the [[ nazis ]] made use of the earlier serbian oppression to use [[ croatia | croatian ]] [[ fascism ]] for barbarous acts against the serbs and also exploited anti - serb sentiment amongst the [[ kosovo | kosovar ]] [[ albanians ]] - and some elements in the [[ bosniaks | bosnian muslim ]] population - to bolster their rule . there has been one structural element in the post - world war ii yugoslav state ' s stability : the joint concern of the [[ soviet union | ussr ]] and the [[ united states | usa ]] to maintain the integrity of yugoslavia as a neutral state on the frontiers of the super - power confrontation in europe . the economic crisis was the product of disastrous errors by yugoslav governments in the 1970s , borrowing vast amounts of western capital in order to fund growth through exports . western economies then entered recession , blocked yugoslav exports and created a huge debt problem . the yugoslav government then accepted the [[ international monetary fund | imf ]] ' s conditionalities which shifted the burden of the crisis onto the yugoslav working class . simultaneously , strong social groups emerged within the [[ league of communists of yugoslavia | yugoslav communist party ]] , allied to western business , banking and state interests and began pushing towards [[ neoliberalism ]] , to the delight of the us . it was the [[ ronald reagan | reagan ]] administration which , in 1984 , had adopted a " [[ shock therapy ( economics ) | shock therapy ]] " proposal to push yugoslavia towards a capitalist restoration . this , naturally , undermined a central pillar of the state : the socialist link between the communist party and the working class . the forms and effects of this varied in different parts of yugoslavia . first in kosovo in 1981 , where the links between yugoslav communism and the population had always been the weakest and where the economic crisis was most intense , there was an uprising demanding full republican status for kosovo , as well as unification with [[ albania ]] . [[ image : ante marković . jpg | thumb | right | 200px | [[ ante marković ]] ]] in 1989 [[ jeffrey sachs ]] was in yugoslavia helping the federal government under [[ ante marković ]] prepare the imf / [[ world bank group | world bank ]] " [[ shock therapy ( economics ) | shock therapy ]] " package , which was then introduced in 1990 just at the time when the crucial parliamentary elections were being held in the various republics . one aspect of yugoslavia ' s " [[ shock therapy ( economics ) | shock therapy ]] " programme was both unique within the region and of great political importance in 1989 - 90 . the bankruptcy law to liquidate state enterprises was enacted in the 1989 financial operations act which required that if an enterprise was insolvent for 30 days running , or for 30 days within a 45 day period , it had to settle with its creditors either by giving them ownership or by being liquidated , in which case workers would be sacked , normally without severance payments . in 1989 , according to official sources , 248 firms were declared bankrupt or were liquidated and 89 , 400 workers were laid off . during the first nine months of 1990 directly following the adoption of the imf programme , another 889 enterprises with a combined work - force of 525 , 000 workers suffered the same fate . in other words , in less than two years " the trigger mechanism " ( under the financial operations act ) had led to the lay off of more than 600 , 000 workers out of a total industrial workforce of the order of 2 . 7 million . a further 20 % of the work force , or half a million people , were not paid wages during the early months of 1990 as enterprises sought to avoid bankruptcy . the largest concentrations of bankrupt firms and lay - offs were in [[ serbia ]] , [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] and [[ kosovo ]] . real earnings were in a free fall , social programmes had collapsed creating within the population an atmosphere of social despair and hopelessness . this was a critical turning point in the yugoslav tragedy . in the spring of 1990 , marković was by far the most popular politician , not only in yugoslavia as a whole , but in each of its constituent republics . he should have been able to rally the population for yugoslavism against the particularist nationalisms of [[ slobodan milošević | milošević ]] in [[ serbia ]] or [[ franjo tuđman | tuđman ]] in [[ croatia ]] and he should have been able to count on the obedience of the armed forces . he was supported by 83 % of the population in croatia , by 81 % in serbia and by 59 % in slovenia and by 79 % in yugoslavia as a whole . this level of support showed how much of the yugoslav population remained strongly committed to the state ' s preservation . but marković had coupled his yugoslavism with the imf " [[ shock therapy ( economics ) | shock therapy ]] " programme and ec conditionality and it was this which gave the separatists in the north west and the nationalists in serbia their opening . the appeal of the separatists in [[ slovenia ]] and croatia to their electorates involved offering to repudiate the marković - imf austerity and by doing so help their republics prepare to leave yugoslavia altogether and " join europe " . the appeal of milošević in serbia was based around the idea that the west was acting against the serbian people ' s interests . these [[ nationalism | nationalist ]] appeals were ultimately successful : in every republic , beginning with slovenia and croatia in the spring , governments ignored the monetary restrictions of marković ' s stabilisation programme in order to win votes . the newly elected regional government then turned their efforts to the break - up of the country . they were aided by the us government ' s stance of sidelining yugoslav cohesion in favour of pushing ahead with the " [[ shock therapy ( economics ) | shock therapy ]] " programme . indeed , it is likely that the internal dynamics towards yugoslav collapse into civil war may have been inadvertently accelerated by the actions of the [[ george h . w . bush | bush ]] administration . the few european states with strategic interests in the yugoslav theatre tended to favour fragmentation . it would be wrong , of course , to suggest that there were no other , specifically yugoslav , structural flaws which helped to generate the collapse . for instance , many would argue that the decentralised market socialism was a disastrous experiment for a state in yugoslavia ' s geopolitical situation . the 1974 constitution , though better for the kosovar albanians , had given increased power to the republics , whilst dampening the institutional and material power of the federal government . tito ' s authority substituted for this weakness until his death in 1980 , after which the state and [[ league of communists of yugoslavia | communist party ]] became increasingly paralyzed and thrown into crisis . = = = breakup = = = {{ unreferenced | date = july 2006 }} {{ main | dissolution of yugoslavia }} after tito ' s death on [[ 4 may ]] [[ 1980 ]] , [[ ethnic group | ethnic ]] [[ tension ]] s grew in yugoslavia . they all used the legacy of the [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution of 1974 ]] to throw the system of decision - making into a state of paralysis , all the more hopeless as the conflict of interests had become irreconcilable . the constitutional crisis that inevitably followed resulted rise of nationalism in all republics : slovenia and croatia made demands for looser ties within the federation , albanian majority in kosovo demanded the status of a republic , serbia sought absolute , not only relative dominion over yugoslavia . in 1986 , the [[ serbian academy of sciences and arts ]] drafted a memorandum addressing some burning issues concerning position of [[ serbs ]] as the most numerous people in yugoslavia . the largest yugoslav republic in territory and population , serbia ' s influence over the regions of kosovo and vojvodina was reduced by the 1974 constitution . because its two autonomous provinces had de facto prerogatives of full - fledged republics , serbia found that its hands were tied , for the republican government was restricted in making and carrying out decisions that would apply to the provinces . since the provinces had a vote in the federal presidency council ( an eight member council composed of representatives from six republics and two autonomous provinces ) , they sometimes even entered into coalition with other republics , thus outvoting serbia . serbia ' s political impotence made it possible for others to exert pressure on the 2 million serbs ( 20 % of total serbian population ) living outside serbia . [[ image : smilo . jpg | thumb | [[ slobodan milošević ]] ]] serbian [[ communist ]] leader [[ slobodan milošević ]] sought to restore pre - 1974 serbian sovereignty . other republics , especially slovenia and croatia , denounced this move as a revival of great serbian [[ hegemony | hegemonism ]] . milošević succeded in reducing the autonomy of [[ vojvodina ]] and of [[ kosovo | kosovo and metohija ]] , but both entities retained a vote in the yugoslav presidency council . the very instrument that reduced serbian influence before was now used to increase it : in the eight member council , serbia could now count on four votes minimum - serbia proper , then - loyal montenegro , and even vojvodina and kosovo , provinces in serbia . as a result of these events , the [[ albanian | ethnic albanian ]] miners in [[ kosovo ]] organized strikes , which dovetailed into ethnic conflict between the albanians and the non - albanians in the province . at 77 % of the [[ demographic history of kosovo # 1968 - 1989 : autonomy | population of kosovo in the 1980s ]] , ethnic - albanians were the majority . the number of [[ slavs ]] in kosovo ( mainly serbs ) was falling fast due to several reasons , among them being the ever increasing ethnic tensions , and by [[ 1999 ]] they formed as little as 10 % of the total population . less than a hundred years before , it was the other way around . meanwhile [[ slovenia ]] , under the presidency of [[ milan kučan ]] , and [[ croatia ]] supported albanian miners and their struggle for formal recognition {{ fact | date = february 2007 }} . initial strikes turned into widespread demonstrations demanding a kosovo republic . this angered serbia ' s leadership which proceeded to use police force , and later even the [[ yugoslav people ' s army | federal army ]] was sent to the province by the order of the serbia - held majority in the yugoslav presidency council . in january 1990 , the extraordinary 14th congress of the [[ league of communists of yugoslavia ]] was convened . for most of the time , the slovenian and serbian delegations were arguing over the future of the league of communists and yugoslavia . the serbian delegation , led by milošević , insisted on a policy of " ' ' one person , one vote ' ' " , which would empower the majority population , the [[ serbs ]] . in turn , the slovenians , supported by croatians , sought to reform yugoslavia by devolving even more power to republics , but were voted down . as a result , the slovenian , and eventually croatian delegation left the congress , and the all - yugoslav communist party was dissolved . following the fall of [[ communism ]] in the rest of [[ eastern europe ]] , each of the republics held multi - party elections in 1990 . the unresolved issues remained . in particular , slovenia and croatia elected governments oriented towards independence ( under [[ milan kučan ]] and [[ franjo tuđman ]] , respectively ) , while [[ serbia ]] and [[ montenegro ]] elected candidates who favoured yugoslav unity . in croatia there was growing advocacy of " ' ' croatian state and historical rights ' ' " , the serbs were stripped of their [[ nation | national ]] and [[ constitution | constitutional ]] rights , thus becoming demoted from a constituent nation of croatia to national minority . following this , the serbs proclaimed the emergence of serbian autonomous areas ( known later as [[ republic of serb krajina ]] ) in croatia . croatia embarked upon the illegal importation of arms , mainly from [[ hungary ]] , and were caught when yugoslav counter intelligence ( ' ' kos , kontra - obavještajna služba ' ' ) showed a [[ špegelj tapes | video of a secret meeting ]] between croatian defence minister martin špegelj and two men . špegelj announced | that they were at war with the army and gave instructions about arms smuggling as well as methods of dealing with the yugoslav army ' s officers stationed in croatian cities | |
| 111868248 | 2 | , montenegro officially declared its independence , with serbia following suit two days later , effectively dissolving the last vestige of the former yugoslavia . = = further reading = = | * hall , brian : the impossible country : a journey through the last days of yugoslavia . penguin books . new york , 1994 * allcock , john b . : explaining yugoslavia . new york : columbia university press , 2000 * chan , adrian : ' ' free to choose : a teacher ' s resource and activity guide to revolution and reform in eastern europe ' ' . stanford , ca : spice , 1991 . ed 351 248 * clark , ramsey : ' ' nato in the balkans : voices of opposition ' ' . international action center , 1998 * cohen , lenard j . : ' ' broken bonds : the disintegration of yugoslavia ' ' . boulder , co : westview press , 1993 * conversi , daniele : " german - bashing and the breakup of yugoslavia " , the donald w . treadgold papers in russian , east european and central asian studies , no . 16 , march 1998 ( university of washington : hmj school of international studies ) http : / / easyweb . easynet . co . uk / conversi / german . html * dragnich , alex n . : ' ' serbs and croats . the struggle in yugoslavia ' ' . new york : harcourt brace jovanovich , 1992 * fisher , sharon : ' ' political change in post - communist slovakia and croatia : from nationalist to europeanist ' ' . new york : palgrave macmillan , 2006 * gutman , roy . : ' ' a witness to genocide . the 1993 pulitzer prize - winning dispatches on the " ethnic cleansing " of bosnia ' ' . new york : macmillan , 1993 * harris , judy j . : ' ' yugoslavia today ' ' . southern social studies journal 16 ( fall 1990 ) : 78 - 101 . ej 430 520 * hayden , robert m . : blueprints for a house divided : the constitutional logic of the yugoslav conflicts . ann arbor : university of michigan press , 2000 * jelavich , barbara : ' ' history of the balkans : eighteenth and nineteenth centuries ' ' , volume 1 . new york : american council of learned societies , 1983 ed 236 093 * jelavich , barbara : ' ' history of the balkans : twentieth century ' ' , volume 2 . new york : american council of learned societies , 1983 . ed 236 094 * johnstone , diana : ' ' fools ’ crusade : yugoslavia , nato , and western delusions ' ' . monthly review press , 2002 * kohlmann , evan f . : ' ' al - qaida ' s jihad in europe : the afghan - bosnian network ' ' berg , new york 2004 , isbn 1 - 85973 - 802 - 8 ; isbn 1 - 85973 - 807 - 9 * silber , laura and allan little : " yugoslavia : death of a nation . " new york : penguin books , 1997 * owen , david : ' ' balkan odyssey ' ' harcourt ( harvest book ) , 1997 * sacco , joe : ' ' safe area gorazde : the war in eastern bosnia 1992 - 1995 ' ' . fantagraphics books , january , 2002 * [[ rebecca west | west , rebecca ]] : ' ' black lamb and gray falcon : a journey through yugoslavia ' ' . viking , 1941 white t . another fool in the balkans - in the footsteps of rebecca west . cadogan guides , london , 2006 * misha glenny : ' ' the fall of yugoslavia : the third balkan war ' ' , isbn 0 - 14 - 026101 - x * http : / / www . time . com / time / magazine / article / 0 , 9171 , 796967 , 00 . html | pussy fartin faggit | = = legacy = = = = = new states = = = the present - day countries created from the former parts of yugoslavia are : * [[ bosnia and |
| 111868326 | 4 | [[ communism | communist ]] state , starting as a [[ prime minister ]] . well the people sucked dick to get liberated and fuckin fucked 24 hours a day so | - called [[ croatian spring ]] of 1970 - 1971 , when students in [[ zagreb ]] organized demonstrations for greater civil liberties and greater [[ croatia ]] n autonomy . the regime stifled the public protest and incarcerated the leaders , but many key croatian representatives in the party silently supported this cause , so a new [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution ]] was ratified in 1974 that gave more rights to the individual republics in yugoslavia and provinces in serbia . = = = ethnic tensions and the economic crisis = = = the post - [[ world war ii ]] yugoslavia was in many respects a model of how to build a multinational state . the federation was constructed against a double background : an inter - war yugoslavia which had been dominated by the [[ serbs | serbian ]] ruling class ; and a war - time slaughter in which the [[ nazis ]] made use of the earlier serbian oppression to use [[ croatia | croatian ]] [[ fascism ]] for barbarous acts against the serbs and also exploited anti - serb sentiment amongst the [[ kosovo | kosovar ]] [[ albanians ]] - and some elements in the [[ bosniaks | bosnian muslim ]] population - to bolster their rule . there has been one structural element in the post - world war ii yugoslav state ' s stability : the joint concern of the [[ soviet union | ussr ]] and the [[ united states | usa ]] to maintain the integrity of yugoslavia as a neutral state on the frontiers of the super - power confrontation in europe . the economic crisis was the product of disastrous errors by yugoslav governments in the 1970s , borrowing vast amounts of western capital in order to fund growth through exports . western economies then entered recession , blocked yugoslav exports and created a huge debt problem . the yugoslav government then accepted the [[ international monetary fund | imf ]] ' s conditionalities which shifted the burden of the crisis onto the yugoslav working class . simultaneously , strong social groups emerged within the [[ league of communists of yugoslavia | yugoslav communist party ]] , allied to western business , banking and state interests and began pushing towards [[ neoliberalism ]] , to the delight of the us . it was the [[ ronald reagan | reagan ]] administration which , in 1984 , had adopted a " [[ shock therapy ( economics ) | shock therapy ]] " proposal to push yugoslavia towards a capitalist restoration . this , naturally , undermined a central pillar of the state : the socialist link between the communist party and the working class . the forms and effects of this varied in different parts of yugoslavia . first in kosovo in 1981 , where the links between yugoslav communism and the population had always been the weakest and where the economic crisis was most intense , there was an uprising demanding full republican status for kosovo , as well as unification with [[ albania ]] . [[ image : ante marković . jpg | thumb | right | 200px | [[ ante marković ]] ]] in 1989 [[ jeffrey sachs ]] was in yugoslavia helping the federal government under [[ ante marković ]] prepare the imf / [[ world bank group | world bank ]] " [[ shock therapy ( economics ) | shock therapy ]] " package , which was then introduced in 1990 just at the time when the crucial parliamentary elections were being held in the various republics . one aspect of yugoslavia ' s " [[ shock therapy ( economics ) | shock therapy ]] " programme was both unique within the region and of great political importance in 1989 - 90 . the bankruptcy law to liquidate state enterprises was enacted in the 1989 financial operations act which required that if an enterprise was insolvent for 30 days running , or for 30 days within a 45 day period , it had to settle with its creditors either by giving them ownership or by being liquidated , in which case workers would be sacked , normally without severance payments . in 1989 , according to official sources , 248 firms were declared bankrupt or were liquidated and 89 , 400 workers were laid off . during the first nine months of 1990 directly following the adoption of the imf programme , another 889 enterprises with a combined work - force of 525 , 000 workers suffered the same fate . in other words , in less than two years " the trigger mechanism " ( under the financial operations act ) had led to the lay off of more than 600 , 000 workers out of a total industrial workforce of the order of 2 . 7 million . a further 20 % of the work force , or half a million people , were not paid wages during the early months of 1990 as enterprises sought to avoid bankruptcy . the largest concentrations of bankrupt firms and lay - offs were in [[ serbia ]] , [[ bosnia and herzegovina ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] and [[ kosovo ]] . real earnings were in a free fall , social programmes had collapsed creating within the population an atmosphere of social despair and hopelessness . this was a critical turning point in the yugoslav tragedy . in the spring of 1990 , marković was by far the most popular politician , not only in yugoslavia as a whole , but in each of its constituent republics . he should have been able to rally the population for yugoslavism against the particularist nationalisms of [[ slobodan milošević | milošević ]] in [[ serbia ]] or [[ franjo tuđman | tuđman ]] in [[ croatia ]] and he should have been able to count on the obedience of the armed forces . he was supported by 83 % of the population in croatia , by 81 % in serbia and by 59 % in slovenia and by 79 % in yugoslavia as a whole . this level of support showed how much of the yugoslav population remained strongly committed to the state ' s preservation . but marković had coupled his yugoslavism with the imf " [[ shock therapy ( economics ) | shock therapy ]] " programme and ec conditionality and it was this which gave the separatists in the north west and the nationalists in serbia their opening . the appeal of the separatists in [[ slovenia ]] and croatia to their electorates involved offering to repudiate the marković - imf austerity and by doing so help their republics prepare to leave yugoslavia altogether and " join europe " . the appeal of milošević in serbia was based around the idea that the west was acting against the serbian people ' s interests . these [[ nationalism | nationalist ]] appeals were ultimately successful : in every republic , beginning with slovenia and croatia in the spring , governments ignored the monetary restrictions of marković ' s stabilisation programme in order to win votes . the newly elected regional government then turned their efforts to the break - up of the country . they were aided by the us government ' s stance of sidelining yugoslav cohesion in favour of pushing ahead with the " [[ shock therapy ( economics ) | shock therapy ]] " programme . indeed , it is likely that the internal dynamics towards yugoslav collapse into civil war may have been inadvertently accelerated by the actions of the [[ george h . w . bush | bush ]] administration . the few european states with strategic interests in the yugoslav theatre tended to favour fragmentation . it would be wrong , of course , to suggest that there were no other , specifically yugoslav , structural flaws which helped to generate the collapse . for instance , many would argue that the decentralised market socialism was a disastrous experiment for a state in yugoslavia ' s geopolitical situation . the 1974 constitution , though better for the kosovar albanians , had given increased power to the republics , whilst dampening the institutional and material power of the federal government . tito ' s authority substituted for this weakness until his death in 1980 , after which the state and [[ league of communists of yugoslavia | communist party ]] became increasingly paralyzed and thrown into crisis . = = = breakup = = = {{ unreferenced | date = july 2006 }} {{ main | dissolution of yugoslavia }} after tito ' s death on [[ 4 may ]] [[ 1980 ]] , [[ ethnic group | ethnic ]] [[ tension ]] s grew in yugoslavia . they all used the legacy of the [[ constitution of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia | constitution of 1974 ]] to throw the system of decision - making into a state of paralysis , all the more hopeless as the conflict of interests had become irreconcilable . the constitutional crisis that inevitably followed resulted rise of nationalism in all republics : slovenia and croatia made demands for looser ties within the federation , albanian majority in kosovo demanded the status of a republic , serbia sought absolute , not only relative dominion over yugoslavia . in 1986 , the [[ serbian academy of sciences and arts ]] drafted a memorandum addressing some burning issues concerning position of [[ serbs ]] as the most numerous people in yugoslavia . the largest yugoslav republic in territory and population , serbia ' s influence over the regions of kosovo and vojvodina was reduced by the 1974 constitution . because its two autonomous provinces had de facto prerogatives of full - fledged republics , serbia found that its hands were tied , for the republican government was restricted in making and carrying out decisions that would apply to the provinces . since the provinces had a vote in the federal presidency council ( an eight member council composed of representatives from six republics and two autonomous provinces ) , they sometimes even entered into coalition with other republics , thus outvoting serbia . serbia ' s political impotence made it possible for others to exert pressure on the 2 million serbs ( 20 % of total serbian population ) living outside serbia . [[ image : smilo . jpg | thumb | [[ slobodan milošević ]] ]] serbian [[ communist ]] leader [[ slobodan milošević ]] sought to restore pre - 1974 serbian sovereignty . other republics , especially slovenia and croatia , denounced this move as a revival of great serbian [[ hegemony | hegemonism ]] . milošević succeded in reducing the autonomy of [[ vojvodina ]] and of [[ kosovo | kosovo and metohija ]] , but both entities retained a vote in the yugoslav presidency council . the very instrument that reduced serbian influence before was now used to increase it : in the eight member council , serbia could now count on four votes minimum - serbia proper , then - loyal montenegro , and even vojvodina and kosovo , provinces in serbia . as a result of these events , the [[ albanian | ethnic albanian ]] miners in [[ kosovo ]] organized strikes , which dovetailed into ethnic conflict between the albanians and the non - albanians in the province . at 77 % of the [[ demographic history of kosovo # 1968 - 1989 : autonomy | population of kosovo in the 1980s ]] , ethnic - albanians were the majority . the number of [[ slavs ]] in kosovo ( mainly serbs ) was falling fast due to several reasons , among them being the ever increasing ethnic tensions , and by [[ 1999 ]] they formed as little as 10 % of the total population . less than a hundred years before , it was the other way around . meanwhile [[ slovenia ]] , under the presidency of [[ milan kučan ]] , and [[ croatia ]] supported albanian miners and their struggle for formal recognition {{ fact | date = february 2007 }} . initial strikes turned into widespread demonstrations demanding a kosovo republic . this angered serbia ' s leadership which proceeded to use police force , and later even the [[ yugoslav people ' s army | federal army ]] was sent to the province by the order of the serbia - held majority in the yugoslav presidency council . in january 1990 , the extraordinary 14th congress of the [[ league of communists of yugoslavia ]] was convened . for most of the time , the slovenian and serbian delegations were arguing over the future of the league of communists and yugoslavia . the serbian delegation , led by milošević , insisted on a policy of " ' ' one person , one vote ' ' " , which would empower the majority population , the [[ serbs ]] . in turn , the slovenians , supported by croatians , sought to reform yugoslavia by devolving even more power to republics , but were voted down . as a result , the slovenian , and eventually croatian delegation left the congress , and the all - yugoslav communist party was dissolved . following the fall of [[ communism ]] in the rest of [[ eastern europe ]] , each of the republics held multi - party elections in 1990 . the unresolved issues remained . in particular , slovenia and croatia elected governments oriented towards independence ( under [[ milan kučan ]] and [[ franjo tuđman ]] , respectively ) , while [[ serbia ]] and [[ montenegro ]] elected candidates who favoured yugoslav unity . in croatia there was growing advocacy of " ' ' croatian state and historical rights ' ' " , the serbs were stripped of their [[ nation | national ]] and [[ constitution | constitutional ]] rights , thus becoming demoted from a constituent nation of croatia to national minority . following this , the serbs proclaimed the emergence of serbian autonomous areas ( known later as [[ republic of serb krajina ]] ) in croatia . croatia embarked upon the illegal importation of arms , mainly from [[ hungary ]] , and were caught when yugoslav counter intelligence ( ' ' kos , kontra - obavještajna služba ' ' ) showed a [[ špegelj tapes | video of a secret meeting ]] between croatian defence minister martin špegelj and two men . špegelj announced | that they could get free porn . . = = federal republic of yugoslavia = = [[ image : yugoslaviamap . png | thumb | 200px | the federal republic of | |
| 9 | , with serbia following suit two days later , effectively dissolving the last vestige of the former yugoslavia . = = headline text = = = = headline text = = | pussy fartin faggit | * hall , brian : the impossible country : a journey through the last days of yugoslavia . penguin books . new york , 1994 * allcock , john b . : explaining yugoslavia . new york : columbia university press , 2000 * chan , adrian : ' ' free to choose : a teacher ' s resource and activity guide to revolution and reform in eastern europe ' ' . stanford , ca : spice , 1991 . ed 351 248 * clark , ramsey : ' ' nato in the balkans : voices of opposition ' ' . international action center , 1998 * cohen , lenard j . : ' ' broken bonds : the disintegration of yugoslavia ' ' . boulder , co : westview press , 1993 * conversi , daniele : " german - bashing and the breakup of yugoslavia " , the donald w . treadgold papers in russian , east european and central asian studies , no . 16 , march 1998 ( university of washington : hmj school of international studies ) http : / / easyweb . easynet . co . uk / conversi / german . html * dragnich , alex n . : ' ' serbs and croats . the struggle in yugoslavia ' ' . new york : harcourt brace jovanovich , 1992 * fisher , sharon : ' ' political change in post - communist slovakia and croatia : from nationalist to europeanist ' ' . new york : palgrave macmillan , 2006 * gutman , roy . : ' ' a witness to genocide . the 1993 pulitzer prize - winning dispatches on the " ethnic cleansing " of bosnia ' ' . new york : macmillan , 1993 * harris , judy j . : ' ' yugoslavia today ' ' . southern social studies journal 16 ( fall 1990 ) : 78 - 101 . ej 430 520 * hayden , robert m . : blueprints for a house divided : the constitutional logic of the yugoslav conflicts . ann arbor : university of michigan press , 2000 * jelavich , barbara : ' ' history of the balkans : eighteenth and nineteenth centuries ' ' , volume 1 . new york : american council of learned societies , 1983 ed 236 093 * jelavich , barbara : ' ' history of the balkans : twentieth century ' ' , volume 2 . new york : american council of learned societies , 1983 . ed 236 094 * johnstone , diana : ' ' fools ’ crusade : yugoslavia , nato , and western delusions ' ' . monthly review press , 2002 * kohlmann , evan f . : ' ' al - qaida ' s jihad in europe : the afghan - bosnian network ' ' berg , new york 2004 , isbn 1 - 85973 - 802 - 8 ; isbn 1 - 85973 - 807 - 9 * silber , laura and allan little : " yugoslavia : death of a nation . " new york : penguin books , 1997 * owen , david : ' ' balkan odyssey ' ' harcourt ( harvest book ) , 1997 * sacco , joe : ' ' safe area gorazde : the war in eastern bosnia 1992 - 1995 ' ' . fantagraphics books , january , 2002 * [[ rebecca west | west , rebecca ]] : ' ' black lamb and gray falcon : a journey through yugoslavia ' ' . viking , 1941 white t . another fool in the balkans - in the footsteps of rebecca west . cadogan guides , london , 2006 * misha glenny : ' ' the fall of yugoslavia : the third balkan war ' ' , isbn 0 - 14 - 026101 - x * http : / / www . time . com / time / magazine / article / 0 , 9171 , 796967 , 00 . html | = = legacy = = = = = new states = = = the present - day countries created from the former parts of yugoslavia are : * [[ bosnia and | |
| 10 | jajce ]] and established the basis for post - war organisation of the country , establishing a federation ( this date was celebrated as republic day after the war ) . | pussy fuck shit cokc | = = = the liberation of yugoslavia = = = the nov was able to expel the axis from serbia in 1944 and the rest of yugoslavia in 1945 . the | ||
| 115312273 | 0 | an armistice with germany at belgrade , ending eleven days of resistance against the invading german wehrmacht . more than three hundred thousand yugoslav officers and soldiers were taken prisoners . | hi my name is bob | the axis powers occupied yugoslavia and split it up . the independent state of croatia was established as a nazi puppet - state , ruled by the [[ catholicism | catholic | |
| 115312397 | 0 | an armistice with germany at belgrade , ending eleven days of resistance against the invading german wehrmacht . more than three hundred thousand yugoslav officers and soldiers were taken prisoners . | hi my name is bob | the axis powers occupied yugoslavia and split it up . the independent state of croatia was established as a nazi puppet - state , ruled by the [[ catholicism | catholic | |
| 115312596 | 0 | , where they began work on forming a yugoslav committee . their mission was to represent the south slavs of the empire , and they chose london as their headquarters . | hi my name is bob | = = = the yugoslav committee = = = the [[ yugoslav committee ]] ( ' ' jugoslavenski odbor ' ' ) was officially formed on [[ april 30 ]] , | |
| 115313242 | 0 | , where they began work on forming a yugoslav committee . their mission was to represent the south slavs of the empire , and they chose london as their headquarters . | hi my name is bob | = = = the yugoslav committee = = = the [[ yugoslav committee ]] ( ' ' jugoslavenski odbor ' ' ) was officially formed on [[ april 30 ]] , | |
| 115465480 | 0 | - states of eu . ' ' see also : [[ enlargement of the european union ]] ' ' . = = = remaining cultural and ethnic ties = = = | the | similarity of the languages and long history of common life have left many ties between the peoples of the new states , even though the state policies of the new states | |
| 1 | ' ' see also : [[ enlargement of the european union ]] ' ' . = = = remaining cultural and ethnic ties = = = similarity of the languages and | the | long history of common life have left many ties between the peoples of the new states , even though the state policies of the new states favours differentiation , particularly in | ||
| 3 | and ethnic ties = = = similarity of the languages and long history of common life have left many ties between the peoples of the new states , even though the | individual | state policies of the new states favours differentiation , particularly in the language area . once the [[ serbo - croatian language ]] was officially considered a unique language with several | ||
| 6 | though the state policies of the new states favours differentiation , particularly in the language area . once the [[ serbo - croatian language ]] was officially considered a unique language | , | with several literary and spoken variants and was also the lingua - franca where other languages dominated ( [[ slovenia ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] and [[ | ||
| 7 | states favours differentiation , particularly in the language area . once the [[ serbo - croatian language ]] was officially considered a unique language with several literary and spoken variants and | also | was also the lingua - franca where other languages dominated ( [[ slovenia ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] and [[ kosovo ]] ) . now separate standards | ||
| 8 | the language area . once the [[ serbo - croatian language ]] was officially considered a unique language with several literary and spoken variants and was also the lingua - franca | used | where other languages dominated ( [[ slovenia ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] and [[ kosovo ]] ) . now separate standards exist for [[ bosnian language ]] | ||
| 9 | variants and was also the lingua - franca where other languages dominated ( [[ slovenia ]] , [[ republic of macedonia | macedonia ]] and [[ kosovo ]] ) . now | , | separate standards exist for [[ bosnian language ]] , [[ croatian language ]] , [[ serbian language ]] and to some extent also the [[ montenegrin language ]] . many mixed | ||
| 10 | bosnian language ]] , [[ croatian language ]] , [[ serbian language ]] and to some extent also the [[ montenegrin language ]] . many mixed marriages exist . the first | - | generation offspring of such marriages have difficulties with ethnic identification . this gave the rise to a statistical category of yugoslav ethnic determination used under yugoslavia . now the offspring of | ||
| 18 | a statistical category of yugoslav ethnic determination used under yugoslavia . now the offspring of mixed marriages has to either take up one of the parent ' s ethnicities or declare | him - or herself | as undecided . remembrance of the times of the joint state and its perceived positive attributes is referred to as [[ yugonostalgy ]] ( jugonostalgija ) . in most present - | ||
| 20 | or declare as undecided . remembrance of the times of the joint state and its perceived positive attributes is referred to as [[ yugonostalgy ]] ( jugonostalgija ) . in most | present - day | of the contemporary | independent states yugonostalgic sentiments are considered improper . = = miscellaneous = = * [[ asteroid ]] [[ 1554 yugoslavia ]] was discovered by [[ milorad b . protić ]] and | |
| 21 | long history of common life have left many ties between the peoples of the new states , even though the state policies of the new states favours differentiation , particularly in | the | language area . once the [[ serbo - croatian language ]] was officially considered a unique language with several literary and spoken variants and was also the lingua - franca where | ||
| 25 | and to some extent also the [[ montenegrin language ]] . many mixed marriages exist . the first generation offspring of such marriages have difficulties with ethnic identification . this gave | the | rise to a statistical category of yugoslav ethnic determination used under yugoslavia . now the offspring of mixed marriages has to either take up one of the parent ' s ethnicities | ||
| 27 | this gave the rise to a statistical category of yugoslav ethnic determination used under yugoslavia . now the offspring of mixed marriages has to either take up one of the parent | ' s ethnicities | or declare as undecided . remembrance of the times of the joint state and its perceived positive attributes is referred to as [[ yugonostalgy ]] ( jugonostalgija ) . in most | ||
| 115469794 | 2 | the statistical category of yugoslav ethnic determination used under yugoslavia . now , the children of mixed marriages have either to assume the ethnic identity of one parent or declare him | - | or herself as undecided . remembrance of the time of the joint state and its perceived positive attributes is referred to as [[ yugonostalgy ]] ( jugonostalgija ) . in most | |
| 115537912 | 0 | camps for anti - fascists , communists , serbs , gypsies and jews , one of the most famous being jasenovac . a large number of men , women and children | , mostly serbs , | were executed in these camps , most of whom were serbs . according to mile budak , croatia planned to kill a third of serbs , convert a third to catholicism | |
| 2 | camps , most of whom were serbs . according to mile budak , croatia planned to kill a third of serbs , convert a third to catholicism , and ethnically cleanse | ( expel ) | the last third . = = = resistance movements = = = {{ main | people ' s liberation war }} yugoslavs opposing the [[ nazism | nazis ]] organized resistance | ||
| 115750122 | 5 | actions due to german reprisals against the serb civilian population . for every killed soldier , the germans executed 100 civilians , and for each wounded , they killed 50 . | regarding the human cost as too high , the chetniks terminated war activities against the germans , and the allies eventually switched to support the nov . | however , nov carried on its guerrilla warfare . the [[ demography | demographic ]] loss is estimated at 1 , 027 , 000 individuals by [[ vladimir žerjavić ]] and | |
| 115837604 | 5 | ]] , but they soon started to collaborate with nazis . for every killed soldier , the germans executed 100 civilians , and for each wounded , they killed 50 . | regarding the human cost as too high , the chetniks terminated war activities against the germans , and the allies eventually switched to support the nov . | however , nov carried on its guerrilla warfare . the [[ demography | demographic ]] loss is estimated at 1 , 027 , 000 individuals by [[ vladimir žerjavić ]] and | |
| 116333825 | 0 | gave it the name ilirski pokret ( illyric movement ) and gathered many prominent croatian intellectuals and politicians around the new idea , but the movement started gaining large momentum only | at | agfdsfsfdfsfsfsfdssfsfdfdst | the end of the 19th century , mainly because of the harsh policies against freedom movements among occupied southern slavs practiced by austrian and hungarian dictators . as the ottoman empire |
| 116334382 | 0 | gave it the name ilirski pokret ( illyric movement ) and gathered many prominent croatian intellectuals and politicians around the new idea , but the movement started gaining large momentum only | agfdsfsfdfsfsfsfdssfsfdfdst | at | the end of the 19th century , mainly because of the harsh policies against freedom movements among occupied southern slavs practiced by austrian and hungarian dictators . as the ottoman empire |
| 118636043 | 1 | , plus a year ' s maternity leave , if needed . respect for workers was a central concern of government and society . = = = population = = = | {{ main | demographics of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia }} | the population of the large yugoslavia in 1980 was 23 million . after it broke in 1990 it was 15 . 2 million . = = = the government = = | |
| 5 | respect for workers was a central concern of government and society . = = = population = = = the population of the large yugoslavia in 1980 was 23 million . | after it broke in 1990 it was 15 . 2 million . | = = = the government = = = |